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Santamarina AB, Calder PC, Estadella D, Pisani LP. Anthocyanins ameliorate obesity-associated metainflammation: Preclinical and clinical evidence. Nutr Res 2023; 114:50-70. [PMID: 37201432 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing rates of obesity worldwide call for intervention strategies to help control the pathophysiological consequences of weight gain. The use of natural foods and bioactive compounds has been suggested as such a strategy because of their recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For example, polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, are candidates for managing obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Obesity is well known for the presence of metainflammation, which has been labeled as an inflammatory activation that leads to a variety of metabolic disorders, usually related to increased oxidative stress. Considering this, anthocyanins may be promising natural compounds able to modulate several intracellular mechanisms, mitigating oxidative stress and metainflammation. A wide variety of foods and extracts rich in anthocyanins have become the focus of research in the field of obesity. Here, we bring together the current knowledge regarding the use of anthocyanins as an intervention tested in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials to modulate metainflammation. Most recent research applies a wide variety of extracts and natural sources of anthocyanins, in diverse experimental models, which represents a limitation of the research field. However, the literature is sufficiently consistent to establish that the in-depth molecular analysis of gut microbiota, insulin signaling, TLR4-triggered inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways reveals their modulation by anthocyanins. These targets are interconnected at the cellular level and interact with one another, leading to obesity-associated metainflammation. Thus, the positive findings with anthocyanins observed in preclinical models might directly relate to the positive outcomes in clinical studies. In summary and based on the entirety of the relevant literature, anthocyanins can mitigate obesity-related perturbations in gut microbiota, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation and therefore may contribute as a therapeutic tool in people living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline B Santamarina
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Debora Estadella
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Pisani
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Fabunmi OA, Dludla PV, Ngcobo SR, Nkambule BB. Investigating the risks of cardiovascular disease among premenopausal women using oral contraceptive: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071118. [PMID: 36657759 PMCID: PMC9853212 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in women of reproductive age. CVD remain one of the top causes of death worldwide, with at least three-quarters of deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income nations. The impact of various types of combined oral contraceptive (COC) on several modifiable risk factors associated with CVDs in premenopausal women is inconsistent regardless of genetic mutations. The aim of this systematic review will be to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on the impact of COC usage on modifiable risk factors associated with CVDs and assess ethnic and geographic disparities in the reported prevalence of CVD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This systematic review protocol was prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 statement. An extensive search on the Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library will be conducted from inception until. Two reviewers will independently screen for eligible studies using a predefined criterion. The risk of bias and quality of included studies will be assessed using the modified Downs and Black's checklist. Whereas the overall quality of included studies will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessment tool. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This is a review of existing studies and will not require ethical approval. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. The use of OC and the risk of CVDs including arterial and venous thrombosis remain a major concern among women of reproductive age. Thus, given the impact of COCs on the risk variables linked with CVDs, this review may provide an insight and assistance during COC use. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020216169.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyesanmi A Fabunmi
- Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Siphamandla R Ngcobo
- Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Grant
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mokhtare M, Mirfakhraee H, Arshad M, Samadani Fard SH, Bahardoust M, Movahed A, Masoodi M. The effects of helicobacter pylori eradication on modification of metabolic syndrome parameters in patients with functional dyspepsia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S1031-S1035. [PMID: 28780229 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori) have the potential role in the pathogenesis of various extra-gastric disorders such as metabolic disorders. But, it is now questioned about whether H. pylori eradication reduces or induces the risk for metabolic disorders especially in patients with dyspepsia. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the effects of H. pylori eradication on criteria of metabolic syndrome. METHODS H. pylori infected patients with dyspepsia were included. The patients were treated with omeprazole (20mg, q12h), amoxicillin (1g, q12h), and clarithromycin (500mg, q12h) for two weeks, then H. pylori eradication was evaluated by C14 Breathing test (UBT) 6 weeks after the end of the treatment. Demographic data, clinical manifestation and metabolic parameters were recorded before and three months after completing treatment regimen. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. RESULTS Of 110 patients were initially enrolled, 91 patients completed the study. Overall eradication rate was 61.5%. Significant differences in the serum level of total cholesterol(180.7±34 vs. 172.1±28, p=0.001), LDL(107.0±25 vs. 100.8±20, p<0.001), HDL(46.2±8.7 vs. 48.9±8.6, p<0.001), fasting blood sugar (93.7±12 vs. 90.9±10, p=0.001), hemoglobin A1c(5.37±0.52 vs 5.25±0.53, p=0.006), and as well as for waist circumference(92.2±14 vs. 91.4±13.9, p=0.03) was found after treatment. Data for body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride level remained without any significant changes. CONCLUSION H. pylori eradication could relatively reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome criteria such as fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile and waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mokhtare
- Colorectal Research Center, Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hosna Mirfakhraee
- Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Arshad
- Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Samadani Fard
- Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Bahardoust
- Colorectal Research Center, Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Movahed
- Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Masoodi
- Colorectal Research Center, Internal Medicine Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, IUMS Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Salekzamani S, Bavil AS, Mehralizadeh H, Jafarabadi MA, Ghezel A, Gargari BP. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Endocrine 2017; 57:51-59. [PMID: 28509078 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome may predispose to cardiovascular diseases. Since, in recent studies, vitamin D is advocated for cardioprotective roles, this study was designed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and common carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome. METHODS This randomized double blind clinical trial was conducted in Tabriz, Iran. Eligible subjects (n = 80) with metabolic syndrome were recruited thorough advertisement and randomized to receive either vitamin D (50,000 IU/week) or matching placebo for 16 weeks. Interlukin-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and common carotid intima media thickness were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The study was registered at http://www.irct.ir (code: IRCT201409033140N14). RESULTS Sixteen weeks supplementation with vitamin D increased median of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and mean calcium levels (p < 0.001) in the intervention group. There was also a significant difference in parathyroid hormone level at the end of the study (p < 0.001). Vitamin D treatment reduced IL-6 level after 16 weeks (p = 0.027). Compared to baseline, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin levels decreased significantly in vitamin D treated subjects; however, there were no significant differences between two groups. No effect of vitamin D supplementation was observed in either common carotid intima media thickness or high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations at the end of the study (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation improved some proatherogenic inflammatory markers in subjects with metabolic syndrome. No changes of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and carotid intima media thickness were shown after 16 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Salekzamani
- Talented Students Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Shakeri Bavil
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Mehralizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic lnjury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aymaral Ghezel
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Słomian G, Świętochowska E, Nowak G, Pawlas K, Żelazko A, Nowak P. Chemotherapy and plasma adipokines level in patients with colorectal cancer. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2017; 71:281-290. [PMID: 28402255 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are molecules produced and secreted by adipose tissue and are linked to multiple malignancies. Adipokines can suppress or promote particular cell behaviors in different types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of chemotherapy on select adipokines in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Blood samples were collected from 42 patients with pathologically documented advanced CRC, who required palliative chemotherapy. Leptin, adiponectin, resistin and visfatin levels were measured by ELISA before and 3 months after the administration of chemotherapy. Among the 42 patients evaluated, 18 achieved a partial response (PR), 16 achieved stable disease (SD) and 8 patients experienced disease progression (PD). We found that 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimens significantly increased plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin and decreased plasma levels of resistin and visfatin in PR and SD patients, whereas the plasma levels of these molecules were not affected in PD patients. Furthermore, the mean plasma levels of leptin were significantly lower, and the mean plasma levels of resistin and visfatin were significantly greater in patients with PD compared with PR and SD both before and after chemotherapy treatment. We conclude that palliative chemotherapy in CRC patients, in addition to providing clinical benefits, positively affects cytokine production and secretion in PR and SD patients. Specifically, we found that palliative chemotherapy increased plasma levels of the anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin and decreased the plasma levels of visfatin and resistin, molecules known to promote angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation in PR and SD patients. Moreover, the baseline values of leptin, visfatin and resistin might serve as prognostic indicators of a poor response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Słomian
- Oncological Ward, Independent Public Health Care Unit, Voivodeship Specialized Hospital No. 3, Rybnik, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Nowak
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Żelazko
- Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Przemysław Nowak
- Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
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Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:1101-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Giuliante R, Sartini D, Bacchetti T, Rocchetti R, Klöting I, Polidori C, Ferretti G, Emanuelli M. Potential Involvement of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015; 13:165-70. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2014.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachela Giuliante
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Romina Rocchetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ingrid Klöting
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Medical Faculty, University of Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Carlo Polidori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Chen MH, Li CT, Lin WC, Wei HT, Chang WH, Chen TJ, Pan TL, Su TP, Bai YM. A predisposition for allergies predicts subsequent hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study. Schizophr Res 2014; 159:171-5. [PMID: 25115406 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that both severe mental disorders (schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) and atopic diseases were associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. However, the role of atopy/the predisposition for allergies in the development of metabolic syndrome is still unknown among those with severe mental disorders. METHODS Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 5826 patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (1908 with a predisposition for allergies and 3918 without) were enrolled between 1998 and 2008. Those who developed hypertension, dyslipidemia, and/or diabetes mellitus were identified during the follow-up to the end of 2011. RESULTS A predisposition for allergies increased the risk of developing hypertension (HR: 1.67), dyslipidemia (HR: 1.82), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.37) in later life among those with severe mental disorders. A dose-dependent relationship was noted between having more atopic comorbidities and a greater likelihood of hypertension (1 atopic disease: HR: 1.60; ≧ 2 atopic comorbidities: HR: 1.87), dyslipidemia (HR: 1.73; HR: 2.12), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.26; HR: 1.69). CONCLUSION A predisposition for allergies was an independent risk factor for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Further studies would be required to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology among atopy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hang-Tin Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuan-Shan branch, Yi-Lan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Han Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Słomian G, Świętochowska E, Malinowska-Borowska J, Kasperczyk S, Rogalska A, Nowak P. Association between chemotherapy and plasma adipokines in patients with colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:902-7. [PMID: 25149999 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A link between chemotherapy, the serum level of selected adipokines and clinical outcome in colorectal patients was investigated. METHODS Leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin and insulin were measured by ELISA in colorectal cancer patients before and 3 months after the administration of cancer therapy. From August 2012 to August 2013, 34 patients with pathologically documented advanced colorectal cancer (T3/T4 with metastases or nodal status up to N3) and measurable metastatic disease, who required palliative chemotherapy based on the combination of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan, were prospectively recruited in this study. Patients previously underwent curative surgical tumour resection, but the disease was disseminated (metastases in the liver and/or lungs) at the time of admission to the hospital. RESULTS Of the 34 patients in this study, 5 accomplished a chemotherapy course with partial response (PR), 23 with SD (stabilisation) and 6 with progression (PD). For further study, only patients with good prognostic outcomes (i.e., PR and SD patients) were included. The mean level of leptin before chemotherapy was 26.39 ± 9.53 ng/ml. After six courses of cancer treatment, the leptin level increased by 118-57.44 ± 27.72 ng/ml (p<0.001). Additionally, the adiponectin level increased considerably (47%) from 9.89 ± 3.96 ng/ml to 14.51 ± 7.79 ng/ml (p<0.001). In contrast to leptin and adiponectin, the resistin and visfatin levels decreased significantly from 7.24 ± 1.17 and 1.98 ± 0.44 to 6.36 ± 1.36 and 1.48 ± 0.34 ng/ml (p<0.001), respectively. Insulin also declined remarkably from 16.20 ± 1.96 to 12.87 ± 1.80 (p<0.001). There were no significant differences the between male and female patients regarding age, BMI, and leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin and insulin serum levels. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study are relevant because we found that chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients, in addition to its beneficial clinical impact on the course of disease, positively affects cytokine production and release (increases the anti-inflammatory adiponectin and decreases visfatin and resistin, which are proangiogenic and promote cancer cell proliferation). The restoration of adequate adipose tissue function is essential for patients to achieve a good survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Słomian
- Oncological Ward, Independent Public Health Care Unit, Voivodeship Specialized Hospital, Rybnik, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Malinowska-Borowska
- Department of Toxicology and Occupational Health Protection, Public Health Faculty, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Anna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology and Occupational Health Protection, Public Health Faculty, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Przemysław Nowak
- Department of Toxicology and Occupational Health Protection, Public Health Faculty, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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Chang Y, Kim BK, Yun KE, Cho J, Zhang Y, Rampal S, Zhao D, Jung HS, Choi Y, Ahn J, Lima JAC, Shin H, Guallar E, Ryu S. Metabolically-healthy obesity and coronary artery calcification. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63:2679-86. [PMID: 24794119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores of metabolically-healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically healthy normal-weight individuals in a large sample of apparently healthy men and women. BACKGROUND The risk of cardiovascular disease among obese individuals without obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, referred to as MHO, is controversial. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 14,828 metabolically-healthy adults with no known cardiovascular disease who underwent a health checkup examination that included estimation of CAC scores by cardiac tomography. Being metabolically healthy was defined as not having any metabolic syndrome component and having a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance <2.5. RESULTS MHO individuals had a higher prevalence of coronary calcification than normal weight subjects. In multivariable-adjusted models, the CAC score ratio comparing MHO with normal-weight participants was 2.26 (95% confidence interval: 1.48 to 3.43). In mediation analyses, further adjustment for metabolic risk factors markedly attenuated this association, which was no longer statistically significant (CAC score ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval: 0.79 to 1.96). These associations did not differ by clinically-relevant subgroups. CONCLUSIONS MHO participants had a higher prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis than metabolically-healthy normal-weight participants, which supports the idea that MHO is not a harmless condition. This association, however, was mediated by metabolic risk factors at levels below those considered abnormal, which suggests that the label of metabolically healthy for obese subjects may be an artifact of the cutoff levels used in the definition of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo-Kyoung Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Yun
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhee Cho
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sanjay Rampal
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Di Zhao
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hyun-Suk Jung
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuni Choi
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiin Ahn
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - João A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Ju SY, Jeong HS, Kim DH. Blood vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome in the general adult population: a dose-response meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:1053-63. [PMID: 24423309 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Increasing evidence has suggested an association between blood vitamin D levels and metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine the relationship between blood vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome in the general adult population, using a dose-response meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases through July 2013 to identify relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies, reporting risk ratios with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for metabolic syndrome in ≥3 categories of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, were selected. DATA EXTRACTION Data extraction was performed independently by 2 authors, and the quality of the studies was evaluated using the risk of bias assessment tool for nonrandomized studies. DATA SYNTHESIS The pooled odds ratio of metabolic syndrome per 25 nmol/L increment in the serum/plasma 25(OH)D concentration was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.83-0.92, I(2) = 85%), based on 16 "cross-sectional studies" and 1.00 (95% CI = 0.98-1.02, I(2) = 0%) for 2 "cohort and nested case-control studies." The dose-response meta-analysis showed a generally linear, inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and metabolic syndrome in the cross-sectional studies (P for linear trend < .001). CONCLUSIONS Blood vitamin D levels were associated with a risk of metabolic syndrome in cross-sectional studies but not in longitudinal studies. Randomized, clinical trials will be necessary to address the issue of causality and to determine whether vitamin D supplementation is effective for the prevention of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yhun Ju
- Department of Family Medicine (S.Y.J.), Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 150-713, Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine (H.S.J.), Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea; and Department of Family Medicine (D.H.K.), Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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