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Zhang H, Liu Y, Dong Y, Li G, Wang S. Thymoquinone: An Effective Natural Compound for Kidney Protection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:775-797. [PMID: 38715182 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a common health problem worldwide. Acute or chronic injuries may interfere with kidney functions, eventually resulting in irreversible kidney damage. A number of recent studies have shown that the plant-derived natural products have an extensive potential for renal protection. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an essential compound derived from Nigella Sativa (NS), which is widely applied in the Middle East as a folk medicine. Previous experiments have demonstrated that TQ has a variety of potential pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities. In particular, the prominent renal protective efficacy of TQ has been demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. TQ can prevent acute kidney injuries from various xenobiotics through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects. In addition, TQ exhibited significant pharmacological effects on renal cell carcinoma, renal fibrosis, and urinary calculi. The essential mechanisms involve scavenging ROS and increasing anti-oxidant activity, decreasing inflammatory mediators, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting migration and invasion. The purpose of this review is to conclude the pharmacological effects and the potential mechanisms of TQ in renal protection, shedding new light on the exploration of medicinal phyto-protective agents targeting kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gebin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Center of Research and Innovation of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Yuan Z, Yang Z, Li W, Wu A, Su Z, Jiang B, Ganesan S. Triphlorethol-A attenuates U251 human glioma cancer cell proliferation and ameliorates apoptosis through JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23138. [PMID: 35838116 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the foremost recurrent type of brain tumor in humans; in particular, glioblastoma (GBM) is the main form of brain tumor (GBM) that is highly proliferative and impervious to apoptosis. Triphlorethol-A (TA), a phlorotannin isolated from Ecklonia cava, exhibited cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the exact molecular action of TA in the U251 human GBM cells remains unknown. This may be the first report on the antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms of TA on GBM. The cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and cell apoptosis activity of TA have been evaluated by the MTT assay and by DCFH-DA, Rh-123, AO/EB, and western blot analysis. The results obtained showed that TA abridged the viability of U251 cells, while MMP increased apoptosis by increasing the ROS levels in a time-dependent manner. The results showed that a reduction in U251 cell proliferation was associated with the regulation of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. TA was found to suppress pJAK, pSTAT3, p38 MAPK, and pERK phosphorylation, thereby causing Bax/Bcl-2 imbalance, activating the caspase cascade and cytochrome c, and inducing apoptosis. Our findings showed that the suppression of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling by TA results in cell growth arrest and stimulation of apoptosis in GBM cells. These studies justify the protective remedy of TA against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aimei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Fengcheng Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhixiang Su
- Department of Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sakthivigneswari Ganesan
- Department of Botany, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science & Higher Education for Women is a women's, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Asami S, Suzuki M, Nakayama T, Shimoda Y, Miura M, Kato K, Tokuda E, Ono S, Kawakubo T, Nishizawa K, Yamanaka K, Suzuki T. Apoptotic Effects of a Thioether Analog of Vitamin K 3 in a Human Leukemia Cell Line. Int J Toxicol 2021; 40:517-529. [PMID: 34610772 DOI: 10.1177/10915818211047992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that thioether analogs of vitamin K3 (VK3) can act to preserve the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptors by blocking enzymes (phosphatases) responsible for their dephosphorylation. Additionally, these derivatives can induce apoptosis via mitogen-activated protein kinase and caspase-3 activation, inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis. However, vitamin K1 exhibits only weak inhibition of phosphatase activity, while the ability of VK3 to cause oxidative DNA damage has raised concerns about carcinogenicity. Hence, in the current study, we designed, synthesized, and screened a number of VK3 analogs for their ability to enhance phosphorylation activity, without inducing off-target effects, such as DNA damage. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay revealed that each analog produced a different level of cytotoxicity in the Jurkat human leukemia cell line; however, none elicited a cytotoxic effect that differed significantly from that of the control. Of the VK3 analogs, CPD5 exhibited the lowest EC50, and flow cytometry results showed that apoptosis was induced at final concentrations of ≥10 μM; hence, only 0.1, 1, and 10 μM were evaluated in subsequent assays. Furthermore, CPD5 did not cause vitamin K-attributed ROS generation and was found to be associated with a significant increase in caspase 3 expression, indicating that, of the synthesized thioether VK3 analogs, CPD5 was a more potent inducer of apoptosis than VK3. Hence, further elucidation of the apoptosis-inducing effect of CPD5 may reveal its efficacy in other neoplastic cells and its potential as a medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Asami
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, 12976Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mikana Suzuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, 12976Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Toho University Medical Center Omori Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Nakayama
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, 38113Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Shimoda
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, 539261Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motofumi Miura
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, 539261Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiichi Tokuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, 12976Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ono
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, 12976Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawakubo
- Department of Pharmacy, 157437Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Toho University Medical Center Omori Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenzo Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, 539261Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, 12976Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan
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Abu-Zeid EH, Abdel Fattah DM, Arisha AH, Ismail TA, Alsadek DM, Metwally MMM, El-Sayed AA, Khalil AT. Protective prospects of eco-friendly synthesized selenium nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera or Moringa oleifera leaf extract against melamine induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112424. [PMID: 34174736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is used in a wide range of applications, including medical therapies that precisely target disease prevention and treatment. The current study aimed firstly, to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in an eco-friendly manner using Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE). Secondly, to compare the protective effects of green-synthesized MOLE-SeNPs conjugate and MOLE ethanolic extract as remedies for melamine (MEL) induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. One hundred and five male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups (n = 15), including 1st control, 2nd MOLE (800 mg/kg BW), 3rd SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg BW), 4th MOLE-SeNPs (200 μg/kg BW), 5th MEL (700 mg/kg BW), 6th MEL+MOLE, and 7th MEL+MOLE SeNPs. All groups were orally gavaged day after day for 28 days. SeNPs and the colloidal SeNPs were characterized by TEM, SEM, and DLS particle size. SeNPs showed an absorption peak at a wavelength of 530 nm, spherical shape, and an average size between 3.2 and 20 nm. Colloidal SeNPs absorption spectra were recorded between 400 and 700 nm with an average size of 3.3-17 nm. MEL-induced nephropathic alterations represented by a significant increase in serum creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), renal TNFα, oxidative stress-related indices, and altered the relative mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes Bax, Caspase-3, Bcl2, Fas, and FasL. MEL-induced array of nephrotoxic morphological changes, and up-regulated immune-expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67. Administration of MOLE or MOLE-SeNPs significantly reversed MEL-induced renal function impairments, oxidative stress, histological alterations, modulation in the relative mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes, and the immune-expression of renal PCNA and Ki-67. Conclusively, the green-synthesized MOLE-SeNPs and MOLE display nephron-protective properties against MEL-induced murine nephropathy. This study is the first to report these effects which were more pronounced in the MOLE group than the green biosynthesized MOLE-SeNPs conjugate group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan H Abu-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia Province 44511, Egypt.
| | - Doaaa M Abdel Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Tamer A Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina M Alsadek
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Sayed
- Department of Photochemistry, Industrial Chemical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouthst., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amany T Khalil
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia Province 44511, Egypt
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Solano-Gálvez SG, Álvarez-Hernández DA, Gutiérrez-Kobeh L, Vázquez-López R. Leishmania: manipulation of signaling pathways to inhibit host cell apoptosis. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2021; 8:20499361211014977. [PMID: 34104433 PMCID: PMC8165860 DOI: 10.1177/20499361211014977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of homeostasis in living systems requires the elimination of unwanted cells which is performed, among other mechanisms, by type I cell death or apoptosis. This type of programmed cell death involves several morphological changes such as cytoplasm shrinkage, chromatin condensation (pyknosis), nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and plasma membrane blebbing that culminate with the formation of apoptotic bodies. In addition to the maintenance of homeostasis, apoptosis also represents an important defense mechanism for cells against intracellular microorganisms. In counterpart, diverse intracellular pathogens have developed a wide array of strategies to evade apoptosis and persist inside cells. These strategies include the manipulation of signaling pathways involved in the inhibition of apoptosis where mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) play a key role. Leishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes a wide spectrum of diseases known as leishmaniasis. This parasite displays different strategies, including apoptosis inhibition, to down-regulate host cell defense mechanisms in order to perpetuate infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra-Georgina Solano-Gálvez
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego-Abelardo Álvarez-Hernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, CICSA Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucán Estado de México, México
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Bloomsbury, London, UK
| | - Laila Gutiérrez-Kobeh
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosalino Vázquez-López
- Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Av. Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucán Estado de México, Naucalpan, 52786, México
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Liu R, Wu M, Xu G, Ju L, Xiao J, Zhong W, He X, Yang Y. Ropivacaine inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis of glioma cells by regulating the SNHG16/miR-424-5p axis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:988-999. [PMID: 33817285 PMCID: PMC7874551 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regional anesthesia has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in various cancers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ropivacaine on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of glioma cells in vitro. METHODS Under ropivacaine stimulation conditions, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of glioma cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Western blot assay was employed to measure the protein expression levels in glioma cells. The expression levels of small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) and miR-424-5p were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The interaction relationship between SNHG16 and miR-424-5p was predicted and confirmed using a bioinformatics database and dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays. RESULTS After treatment with ropivacaine, proliferation, migration, and invasion were repressed while apoptosis was enhanced in glioma cells in a dose-depended manner. In addition, ropivacaine impeded SNHG16 expression in glioma cells. Importantly, overexpression of SNHG16 abolished the ropivacaine-induced effects on glioma cells. Analogously, knockdown of miR-424-5p counteracted the function of ropivacaine in glioma cells. We also found that SNHG16 bound to miR-424-5p and negatively regulated miR-424-5p expression in glioma cells. The rescue experiments indicated that ropivacaine might regulate glioma progression by targeting the SNHG16/miR-424-5p axis. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed the anti-tumor effects of ropivacaine in glioma by targeting the SNHG16/miR-424-5p axis. These data might extend the understanding of regulatory mechanisms by which ropivacaine could suppress glioma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Logistical Support Force, No.4, Hudong Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan 335000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Logistical Support Force, No.4, Hudong Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan 335000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guiju Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Logistical Support Force, No.4, Hudong Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan 335000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Logistical Support Force, No.4, Hudong Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan 335000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinhui Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Logistical Support Force, No.4, Hudong Road, Yuehu District, Yingtan 335000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Ruijin, Jiangxi, 342500, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.128, Jinling Road, Golden Development Zone, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ruijin, Jiangxi, 342500, China
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CTRP9: An emerging potential anti-aging molecule in brain. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109694. [PMID: 32540339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related proteins (CTRPs) particularly CTRP9, have been established to be as adiponectin (APN) highly conserved paralogs which assemble several APN regulatory functions. Recently, growing body of evidences drawn significant attention to evaluate metabolic and cardiovascular effect of CTRP9. However, the potential role of CTRP9 in brain tissue has not yet fully illustrated. Here, we aimed to uncover latest advances regarding the CTRP9 related signaling pathways and during brain aging process.
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Rezaee-Khorasany A, Razavi BM, Taghiabadi E, Tabatabaei Yazdi A, Hosseinzadeh H. Effect of saffron (stigma of Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract on ethanol toxicity in rats: A biochemical, histopathological and molecular study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:286-299. [PMID: 30926569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is considered in the Iranian traditional medicine because of many therapeutic properties such as sedative agent, strengthen the stomach and liver, improving the uterus disorders and infectious wounds. The detoxification of alcohol was one of the most important of saffron effects in ancient medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY In the current research, the protective effects of saffron aqueous extract (Aq. Ext.) versus oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, histopathological and biochemical abnormalities induced by ethanol were evaluated. MATERIALS & METHODS The male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups consisted of 6 rats in control (distilled water), ethanol (5 g/kg - 50% v/v), Aq. Ext. (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg) plus ethanol, Aq. Ext. 80 and 160 mg/kg. Animals were treated for four weeks and at the end of treatment period, histopathological damages, biochemical markers, apoptosis, levels of MDA and GSH, TNF-α and IL-6 were evaluated. RESULTS Ethanol induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity as evidenced by histopathological damages and biochemical abnormalities. The level of MDA was significantly enhanced while GSH content was remarkably reduced in ethanol-treated rats, but protective groups restored them. Also, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were regulated by Aq. Ext. Furthermore, the effects of ethanol on histopathological and biochemical parameters were improved by Aq. Ext. The ethanol increased the expression of Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase-3, -8, and -9. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis proved that Aq. Ext. treatment inhibited apoptosis induced by ethanol through decreasing the Bax/Bcl2 ratio (mRNA and protein) and caspases-3, -8, and -9 levels in the kidney and liver. CONCLUSION The results of this research demonstrated that Aq. Ext. could exert protective effects against ethanol toxicity in rat kidney and liver via antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Rezaee-Khorasany
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Elahe Taghiabadi
- Orthopedic Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Abbas Tabatabaei Yazdi
- Ghaem Hospital, Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Mohajeri M, Martín-Jiménez C, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Effects of estrogens and androgens on mitochondria under normal and pathological conditions. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 176:54-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Chernyavsky A, Amber KT, Agnoletti AF, Wang C, Grando SA. Synergy among non-desmoglein antibodies contributes to the immunopathology of desmoglein antibody-negative pemphigus vulgaris. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4520-4528. [PMID: 30692201 PMCID: PMC6433052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a potentially lethal mucocutaneous blistering disease characterized by IgG autoantibodies (AuAbs) binding to epidermal keratinocytes and inducing this devastating disease. Here, we observed that non-desmoglein (Dsg) AuAbs in the sera of patients with Dsg1/3 AuAb-negative acute PV are pathogenic, because IgGs from these individuals induced skin blistering in neonatal mice caused by suprabasal acantholysis. Serum levels of AuAbs to desmocollin 3 (Dsc3), M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3AR), and secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) correlated with the disease stage of PV. Moreover, AuAb absorption on recombinant Dsc3, M3AR, or SPCA1 both prevented skin blistering in the passive transfer of AuAbs model of PV in BALB/c mice and significantly decreased the extent of acantholysis in a neonatal mouse skin explant model. Although acantholytic activities of each of these immunoaffinity-purified AuAbs could not induce a PV-like phenotype, their mixture produced a synergistic effect manifested by a positive Nikolskiy sign in the skin of neonatal mice. The downstream signaling of all pathogenic non-Dsg AuAbs involved p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated phosphorylation and elevation of cytochrome c release and caspase 9 activity. Anti-Dsc3 and anti-SPCA1 AuAbs also activated SRC proto-oncogene, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (SRC). Of note, although a constellation of non-Dsg AuAbs apparently disrupted epidermal integrity, elimination of a single pathogenic AuAb could prevent keratinocyte detachment and blistering. Therefore, anti-Dsg1/3 AuAb-free PV can be a model for elucidating the roles of non-Dsg antigen-specific AuAbs in the physiological regulation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion and blister development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle T Amber
- From the Departments of Dermatology and
- the Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Arianna F Agnoletti
- From the Departments of Dermatology and
- the DISSAL Section of Dermatology, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy, and
| | - Candice Wang
- the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766
| | - Sergei A Grando
- From the Departments of Dermatology and
- Biological Chemistry and
- the Institute for Immunology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
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11
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Yan L, Xiong C, Xu P, Zhu J, Yang Z, Ren H, Luo Q. Structural characterization and in vitro antitumor activity of A polysaccharide from Artemisia annua L. (Huang Huahao). Carbohydr Polym 2019; 213:361-369. [PMID: 30879680 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One water-soluble polysaccharide (AAP), with a molecular weight of 6.3 × 104 Da, was isolated from Artemisia annua L. Structrual analysis indicated that AAP was found to be a 1, 3-α-linked and 1, 3, 6-α-linked Glcp backbone, with a branch of 1, 6-α-linked Glcp and terminal 1-linked-L-Rhap along the main chain in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1. MTT assay showed that AAP reduced the cell viability of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. DAPI staining and Flow cytometric analysis revealed that AAP suppressed cells proliferation, not most at least via inducing p65-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway, as evidenced by more activation of caspase-3 and -9, down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein, up-regulation of Bax protein and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytosol, as well as suppression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65. These data confirmed AAP inhibits HepG2 cell growth via inducing caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of NF-κB p65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing key laboratory of pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- Chongqing key laboratory of pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Pan Xu
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing key laboratory of pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Nature Resources Microbiology and Technique, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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12
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Yang PY, Hu DN, Kao YH, Lin IC, Liu FS. Butein induces apoptotic cell death of human cervical cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6615-6623. [PMID: 30344763 PMCID: PMC6176361 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Butein is a chalcone, a flavonoid that is widely biosynthesized in plants. Butein has been identified to possess varied pharmacological activity and is extractable from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, therefore applicable for disease treatment. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that butein may induce apoptotic cell death in various human cancer cells. In this study we investigated the apoptotic effect of butein and the underlying mechanisms in human cervical cancer cells. Two cell lines, C-33A and SiHa cells, were treated with butein at different dosages for different durations. The effect of butein on cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, which revealed that butein exerted cytotoxicity in both cervical cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Apoptotic pathway-related factors in the butein-treated cervical cancer cells were then examined. JC-1 flow cytometry, cytochrome c assay, and caspase activity assays demonstrated that butein disturbed mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and increased cytosolic cytochrome c levels and caspase activities in both cervical cancer cells. Western blot analysis revealed that butein downregulated anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL and led to proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. In addition, butein decreased expressions of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, including X-linked IAP, survivin, and cellular IAP-1. The findings of this study suggest that butein can decrease cervical cancer cell viability via a pro-apoptotic effect, which involves inhibition of the IAP proteins and activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pro-apoptotic pathways. Therefore, butein may be applicable for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50049, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Dan-Ning Hu
- Tissue Culture Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - I-Ching Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan R.O.C.,Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan R.O.C.,Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Fu-Shing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50049, Taiwan R.O.C
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13
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The Role of Caspase Genes Polymorphisms in Genetic Susceptibility to Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in a Portuguese Population. Pathol Oncol Res 2018. [PMID: 29542026 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our main aim was to evaluate the role of caspases' genes SNPs in Philadelphia-chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (PN-MPNs) susceptibility. A case-control study in 133 Caucasian Portuguese PN-MPNs patients and 281 matched controls was carried out, studying SNPs in apoptosis related caspases: rs1045485 and rs1035142 (CASP8), rs1052576, rs2308950, rs1132312 and rs1052571 (CASP9), rs2227309 and rs2227310 (CASP7) and rs13006529 (CASP10). After stratification by pathology diagnosis for essential thrombocythemia (ET), female gender or JAK2 positive, there is a significant increased risk for those carrying at least one variant allele for CASP9 (C653T) polymorphism (OR 2.300 CI 95% [1.180-4.484], P = 0.014). However, when considered individually, none of the studied caspases polymorphisms was associated with PN-MPNs risk. Our results do not reveal a significant involvement of caspase genes polymorphisms on the individual susceptibility towards PN-MPNs as a whole. However, for essential thrombocythemia (ET), female gender or JAK2 positive, there is a significant increased risk to those carrying at least one variant allele for CASP9. Although larger studies are required to confirm these results and to provide conclusive evidence of association between these and other caspases variants and PN-MPNs susceptibility, these new data may contribute to a best knowledge of the pathophysiology of these disorders and, in the future, to a more rational and efficient choice of therapeutic strategies to be adopted in PN-MPNs treatment.
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14
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Zang W, Wang T, Wang Y, Chen X, Du Y, Sun Q, Li M, Dong Z, Zhao G. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA TP73-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:19960-74. [PMID: 26799587 PMCID: PMC4991431 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological processes and diseases in humans, including cancer. Our study serves as the first comprehensive analysis of lncRNA TP73-AS1 in esophageal cancer. We utilized a lncRNA microarray to analyze the expression profile of lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Our results show that lncRNA TP73-AS1 and BDH2 levels are generally upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and are strongly correlated with tumor location or TNM stage in clinical samples. LncRNA TP73-AS1 knockdown inhibited BDH2 expression in EC9706 and KYSE30 cells, whereas BDH2 knockdown repressed esophageal cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis via the caspase-3 dependent apoptotic pathway. Overexpression of BDH2 in lncRNA TP73-AS1 knockdown cells partially rescued cell proliferation rates and suppressed apoptosis. In mouse xenografts, tumor size was reduced in lncRNA TP73-ASI siRNA-transfected tumors, suggesting that downregulation of lncRNA TP73-AS1 attenuated EC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, BDH2 or lncRNA TP73-AS1 knockdown enhanced the chemosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells to 5-FU and cisplatin. Our results suggest that lncRNA TP73-AS1 may be a novel prognostic biomarker that could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiao Zang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hemato-tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Du
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziming Dong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Chemoprevention, Henan, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Chemoprevention, Henan, China
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15
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Mecocci P, Boccardi V, Cecchetti R, Bastiani P, Scamosci M, Ruggiero C, Baroni M. A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:1319-1335. [PMID: 29562533 PMCID: PMC5870006 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Editors of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease invited Professor Patrizia Mecocci to contribute a review article focused on the importance and implications of her research on aging, brain aging, and senile dementias over the last years. This invitation was based on an assessment that she was one of the journal's top authors and a strong supporter of the concept that oxidative stress is a major contributor to several alterations observed in age-related conditions (sarcopenia, osteoporosis) and, more significantly, in brain aging suggesting a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of one of the most dramatic age-related diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Her first pioneering research was on the discovery of high level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (OH8dG), a marker of oxidation in nucleic acids, in mitochondrial DNA isolated from cerebral cortex. This molecule increases progressively with aging and more in AD brain, supporting the hypothesis that oxidative stress, a condition of unbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, gives a strong contribution to the high incidence of AD in old age subjects. OH8dG also increases in peripheral lymphocyte from AD subjects, suggesting that AD is not only a cerebral but also a systemic disease. The role of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E and zinc, were also studied in longevity and in cognitive decline and dementia. This review shows the main findings from Mecocci's laboratory related to oxidative stress in aging, brain aging, and AD and discusses the importance and implications of some of the major achievements in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bastiani
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Scamosci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Baroni
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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16
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Park JY, Kim SI, Lee HJ, Kim SS, Kwon YS, Chun W. Isorhamnetin-3-O-Glucuronide Suppresses JNK and p38 Activation and Increases Heme-Oxygenase-1 in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged RAW264.7 Cells. Drug Dev Res 2017; 77:143-51. [PMID: 27113811 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Isorhanmetin (ISH) exhibits a wide range of biological properties including anticancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the pharmacological properties of isorhamnetin-3-O-glucuronide (IG), a glycoside derivative of ISH, have not been extensively examined. The objective of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of IG and its underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells in comparison with its aglycone, ISH. IG suppressed LPS-induced extracellular secretion of the proinflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 , and proinflammatory protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2. IG also increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). IG attenuated LPS-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 in a concentration-dependent manner with negligible suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that IG exerts anti-inflammatory activity by increasing HO-1 expression and by suppressing JNK and p38 signaling pathways in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Drug Dev Res 77 : 143-151, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Song-In Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
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17
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Kim KJ, Shin MR, Kim SH, Kim SJ, Lee AR, Kwon OJ, Kil KJ, Roh SS. Anti-inflammatory and apoptosis improving effects of sulfasalazine and Cinnamomi cortex and Bupleuri radix mixture in TNBS-induced colitis mouse model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3839/jabc.2017.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Jo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Rae Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ji Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Reum Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - O Jun Kwon
- Gyeongbuk Regional industry Evaluation, Daegyeong Institute for Regional Program Evalution, 27, Sampung-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38542 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Kil
- Department of Herbal pharmaceutical Science, Joongbu University, Daehak-ro, Chubu-myeon, Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, 32713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Soo Roh
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 136, Shinchendongro, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, Republic of Korea
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18
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Xu W, Mi Y, He P, He S, Niu L. γ-Tocotrienol Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis Via the Mitochondrial Pathway in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081299. [PMID: 28777347 PMCID: PMC6152108 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Tocotrienol, a kind of isoprenoid phytochemical, has antitumor activity. However, there is limited evidence that it has an effect on cervical cancer. In this study, the capacity to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in human cervical cancer HeLa cells and the mechanism underlying these effects were examined. The results indicated that a γ-tocotrienol concentration over 30 μM inhibited the growth of HeLa cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 46.90 ± 3.50 μM at 24 h, and significantly down-regulated the expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67. DNA flow cytometric analysis indicated that γ-tocotrienol arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and reduced the S phase in HeLa cells. γ-tocotrienol induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. γ-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells was accompanied by down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax, release of cytochrome from mitochondria, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and subsequent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. These results suggested that γ-tocotrienol could significantly inhibit cell proliferation through G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Thus, our findings revealed that γ-tocotrienol may be considered as a potential agent for cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China.
| | - Yaqing Mi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China.
| | - Pan He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China.
| | - Shenghua He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China.
| | - Lingling Niu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China.
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19
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Molladavoodi S, Robichaud M, Wulff D, Gorbet M. Corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress show altered cytoskeleton and migratory behaviour. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178981. [PMID: 28662184 PMCID: PMC5491001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells that form the corneal epithelium, the outermost layer of the cornea, are exposed to shear stress through blinking during waking hours. In this in vitro study, the effect of fluid shear stress on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was investigated. Following exposure to shear stresses of 4 and 8 dyn/cm2, HCECs showed cytoskeletal rearrangement with more prominent, organized and elongated filamentous actin. Cytoskeletal changes were time-dependent, and were most significant after 24 hours of shear stress. Higher rates of migration and proliferation, as evaluated by a scratch assay, were also observed following 24 hours of low shear stress exposure (4 dyn/cm2). This result contrasted the poor migration observed in samples scratched before shear exposure, indicating that shear-induced cytoskeletal changes played a key role in improved wound healing and must therefore precede any damage to the cell layer. HCEC cytoskeletal changes were accompanied by an upregulation in integrin β1 and downregulation of ICAM-1. These results demonstrate that HCECs respond favourably to flow-induced shear stress, impacting their proliferation and migration properties as well as phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Molladavoodi
- Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Robichaud
- Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Wulff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maud Gorbet
- Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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20
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Dong R, Zhang B, Tai L, Liu H, Shi F, Liu N. The Neuroprotective Role of MiR‐124‐3p in a 6‐Hydroxydopamine‐Induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease via the Regulation of ANAX5. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:269-277. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui‐Fang Dong
- Department of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhou CityHebei Province 061001China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of ShijiazhuangShijiazhuangHebei Province 050011China
| | - Li‐Wen Tai
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei Province 050011China
| | - Hong‐Mei Liu
- Department of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhou CityHebei Province 061001China
| | - Fang‐Kun Shi
- Department of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhou CityHebei Province 061001China
| | - Ning‐Ning Liu
- Department of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhou CityHebei Province 061001China
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21
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Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168 pmid: 27645804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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22
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Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:924-941. [PMID: 27645804 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, especially in Asian countries. Consumption of green tea has been demonstrated to possess many health benefits, which mainly attributed to the main bioactive compound epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a flavone-3-ol polyphenol, in green tea. EGCG is mainly absorbed in the intestine, and gut microbiota play a critical role in its metabolism prior to absorption. EGCG exhibits versatile bioactivities, with its anti-cancer effect most attracting due to the cancer preventive effect of green tea consumption, and a great number of studies intensively investigated its anti-cancer effect. In this review, we therefore, first stated the absorption and metabolism process of EGCG, and then summarized its anti-cancer effect in vitro and in vivo, including its manifold anti-cancer actions and mechanisms, especially its anti-cancer stem cell effect, and next highlighted its various molecular targets involved in cancer inhibition. Finally, the anti-cancer effect of EGCG analogs and nanoparticles, as well as the potential cancer promoting effect of EGCG were also discussed. Understanding of the absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of EGCG can be of importance to better utilize it as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Harold Corke
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
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23
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The Short Isoform of DNAJB6 Protects against 1-Methyl-4-phenylpridinium Ion-Induced Apoptosis in LN18 Cells via Inhibiting Both ROS Formation and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Loss. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7982389. [PMID: 28280525 PMCID: PMC5322441 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7982389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that the short isoform of DNAJB6 (DNAJB6(S)) had been decreased in the striatum of a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). DNAJB6, one of the heat shock proteins, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. In this study, we explored the cytoprotective effect of DNAJB6(S) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion- (MPP+-) induced apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms in cultured LN18 cells from astrocytic tumors. We observed that MPP+ significantly reduced the cell viability and induced apoptosis in LN18 glioblastoma cells. DNAJB6(S) protected LN18 cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis not only by suppressing Bax cleavage but also by inhibiting a series of apoptotic events including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, and activation of caspase-9. These observations suggest that the cytoprotective effects of DNAJB6(S) may be mediated, at least in part, by the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.
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24
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Park JY, Lim MS, Kim SI, Lee HJ, Kim SS, Kwon YS, Chun W. Quercetin-3- O- β-D-Glucuronide Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced JNK and ERK Phosphorylation in LPS-Challenged RAW264.7 Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:610-615. [PMID: 27257013 PMCID: PMC5098540 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonol, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological properties including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, pharmacological properties of quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (QG), a glycoside derivative of quercetin, have not been extensively examined. The objective of this study is to elucidate the anti-inflammatory property and underlying mechanism of QG in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells in comparison with quercetin. QG significantly suppressed LPS-induced extracellular secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2, and pro-inflammatory protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the anti-inflammatory property of QG, involvement of MAPK signaling pathways was examined. QG significantly attenuated LPS-induced activation of JNK and ERK in concentration-dependent manners with a negligible effect on p38. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates QG exerts anti-inflammatory activity through the suppression of JNK and ERK signaling pathways in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Sup Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-In Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Mitochondrial pathways are involved in Eimeria tenella-induced apoptosis of chick embryo cecal epithelial cells. Parasitol Res 2016; 116:225-235. [PMID: 27796559 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that Eimeria tenella severely damages the intestinal mucosa in infected poultry, resulting in deadly haemorrhagic typhlocolitis and major economic losses. Damage to host tissue is believed to arise mainly from apoptosis, which is, in general, intimately related to mitochondrial function. However, it is unclear whether mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways are specifically involved in parasite-induced apoptosis of chick embryo cecal epithelial cells. Because the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and caspase-9 are important elements in these pathways, we studied the effects of their respective inhibitors (i.e., cyclosporine A [CsA] and Z-LEHD-FMK, respectively) in primary cultures of chicken embryonic cecum epithelial cells using histopathological techniques, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assays, flow cytometry (FCM) and ELISA. Results indicated that the inhibitors significantly decreased (p < 0.01) DNA injury, apoptosis and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity of chick embryo cecal epithelial cells at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after E. tenella infection. Thus, our data supported that mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways were involved in apoptosis of parasitised chick embryo cecal epithelial cells.
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Dong F, Han J, Jing G, Chen X, Yan S, Yue L, Cao Z, Liu X, Ma G, Liu J. Dihydroartemisinin transiently activates the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4699-4704. [PMID: 28105176 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives are well-known anti-malaria drugs and in the early stages of research for cancer treatment. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a more water-soluble derivative of artemisinin, has demonstrated strong anti-angiogenic activity. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of the effect of DHA on angiogenesis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with DHA were examined for apoptosis and activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, one of the major mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. It was observed that 20 µM DHA induces transient activation of JNK in HUVECs. DHA also elevates the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-13, which is abolished by treatment with the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Although DHA persistently increases inhibitor of κB-α protein and thus inhibits nuclear factor-κB signaling, it does not affect apoptosis or caspase 3/9 activities in HUVECs. The present study provides key information for understanding the effects of DHA on endothelial cells, which is required for investigating its potential for clinic application as a chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Dong
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ju Han
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Guoxian Jing
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Longtao Yue
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqun Cao
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guozhao Ma
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Methylsulfonylmethane Induces p53 Independent Apoptosis in HCT-116 Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071123. [PMID: 27428957 PMCID: PMC4964498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an organic sulfur-containing compound which has been used as a dietary supplement for osteoarthritis. MSM has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as exhibit apoptotic or anti-apoptotic effects depending on the cell type or activating stimuli. However, there are still a lot of unknowns about the mechanisms of actions of MSM. In this study, MSM was tested on colon cancer cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometric analysis revealed that MSM inhibited cell viability and increased apoptotic markers in both HCT-116 p53 +/+ and HCT-116 p53 −/− colon cancer cells. Increased poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) fragmentation and caspase-3 activity by MSM also supported these findings. MSM also modulated the expression of various apoptosis-related genes and proteins. Moreover, MSM was found to increase c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) phosphorylation in both cell lines, dose-dependently. In conclusion, our results show for the first time that MSM induces apoptosis in HCT-116 colon cancer cells regardless of their p53 status. Since p53 is defective in >50% of tumors, the ability of MSM to induce apoptosis independently of p53 may offer an advantage in anti-tumor therapy. Moreover, the remarkable effect of MSM on Bim, an apoptotic protein, also suggests its potential use as a novel chemotherapeutic agent for Bim-targeted anti-cancer therapies.
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Mitomo S, Omatsu T, Tsuchiaka S, Nagai M, Furuya T, Mizutani T. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase by Akabane virus is required for apoptosis. Res Vet Sci 2016; 107:147-151. [PMID: 27473988 PMCID: PMC7111864 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Akabane virus (AKAV) belongs to the Simbu serogroup of the genus Orthobunyavirus in the family Bunyaviridae. It has been shown that AKAV induces apoptosis in mammalian cells. It is necessary to understand the signaling pathways involved in AKAV-induced apoptosis to further elucidate the molecular virology of AKAV. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are mediators of apoptosis; therefore, we investigated the roles of JNK and p38 MAPK cascades in AKAV-infected cells. We found that JNK and p38 MAPK as well as their downstream substrates, c-Jun and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), were phosphorylated in response to AKAV infection. A JNK inhibitor (SP600125) inhibited AKAV-mediated apoptosis whereas a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) did not. We conclude that AKAV infection activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, and the JNK cascade plays a crucial role in AKAV-induced apoptosis in vitro. JNK and p38 MAPK were phosphorylated in response to Akabane virus infection. Downstream substrates, c-Jun and heat shock protein 27, were also phosphorylated by viral infection. JNK inhibitor (SP600125) inhibited AKAV-mediated apoptosis whereas a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitomo
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - T Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - S Tsuchiaka
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - M Nagai
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - T Furuya
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - T Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Ertl NG, O’Connor WA, Papanicolaou A, Wiegand AN, Elizur A. Transcriptome Analysis of the Sydney Rock Oyster, Saccostrea glomerata: Insights into Molluscan Immunity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156649. [PMID: 27258386 PMCID: PMC4892480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oysters have important ecological functions in their natural environment, acting as global carbon sinks and improving water quality by removing excess nutrients from the water column. During their life-time oysters are exposed to a variety of pathogens that can cause severe mortality in a range of oyster species. Environmental stressors encountered in their habitat can increase the susceptibility of oysters to these pathogens and in general have been shown to impact on oyster immunity, making immune parameters expressed in these marine animals an important research topic. RESULTS Paired-end Illumina high throughput sequencing of six S. glomerata tissues exposed to different environmental stressors resulted in a total of 484,121,702 paired-end reads. When reads and assembled transcripts were compared to the C. gigas genome, an overall low level of similarity at the nucleotide level, but a relatively high similarity at the protein level was observed. Examination of the tissue expression pattern showed that some transcripts coding for cathepsins, heat shock proteins and antioxidant proteins were exclusively expressed in the haemolymph of S. glomerata, suggesting a role in innate immunity. Furthermore, analysis of the S. glomerata ORFs showed a wide range of genes potentially involved in innate immunity, from pattern recognition receptors, components of the Toll-like signalling and apoptosis pathways to a complex antioxidant defence mechanism. CONCLUSIONS This is the first large scale RNA-Seq study carried out in S. glomerata, showing the complex network of innate immune components that exist in this species. The results confirmed that many of the innate immune system components observed in mammals are also conserved in oysters; however, some, such as the TLR adaptors MAL, TRIF and TRAM are either missing or have been modified significantly. The components identified in this study could help explain the oysters' natural resilience against pathogenic microorganisms encountered in their natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G. Ertl
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Seafood Cooperative Research Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wayne A. O’Connor
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries, Taylors Beach, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexie Papanicolaou
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Ecosystem Sciences, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Aaron N. Wiegand
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Xu L, He S, Yin P, Li D, Mei C, Yu X, Shi Y, Jiang L, Liu F. Punicalagin induces Nrf2 translocation and HO-1 expression via PI3K/Akt, protecting rat intestinal epithelial cells from oxidative stress. Int J Hyperthermia 2016; 32:465-73. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2016.1155762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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31
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Zhang T, Hu Y, Tang M, Kong L, Ying J, Wu T, Xue Y, Pu Y. Liver Toxicity of Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots (CdTe QDs) Due to Oxidative Stress in Vitro and in Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23279-99. [PMID: 26404244 PMCID: PMC4632698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the applications of quantum dots (QDs) expanding, many studies have described the potential adverse effects of QDs, yet little attention has been paid to potential toxicity of QDs in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cadmium telluride (CdTe) QDs in mice and murine hepatoma cells alpha mouse liver 12 (AML 12). CdTe QDs administration significantly increased the level of lipid peroxides marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in the livers of treated mice. Furthermore, CdTe QDs caused cytotoxicity in AML 12 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was likely mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of apoptosis. An increase in ROS generation with a concomitant increase in the gene expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53, the pro-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and a decrease in the anti-apoptosis gene Bax, suggested that a mitochondria mediated pathway was involved in CdTe QDs' induced apoptosis. Finally, we showed that NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) deficiency blocked induced oxidative stress to protect cells from injury induced by CdTe QDs. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in the activation of Nrf2 signaling that confers protection against CdTe QDs-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jiali Ying
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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32
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Yang PY, Hu DN, Lin IC, Liu FS. Butein Shows Cytotoxic Effects and Induces Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:769-82. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Butein is a polyphenol, one of the compounds of chalcones, which are flavonoids that are widely biosynthesized in plants, and exhibits different pharmacological activities. Plants containing butein have been used in Chinese traditional medicine. Recently, it has been reported that butein suppresses proliferation and triggers apoptosis in various human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate its pro-apoptotic effect and mechanisms in two cultured human ovarian cancer cells (ES-2 and TOV-21G). The effects of butein on cell viability were assessed by a MTT assay at 3, 10, 30, and 100 μ/M. The apoptotic pathway related factors, including the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), cytochrome c, caspase cascade, and Bcl-2 family proteins, were examined. MTT assay revealed that butein was cytotoxic to both ovarian cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. JC-1 flow cytometry, cytochrome c, and caspase activity assays revealed that butein damaged the MTP, increased the level of cytosol cytochrome c and the activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9 in the two ovarian cancer cells. Western blot analysis revealed that butein down-regulated the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and increased the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad. These findings suggest that butein-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells via the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. In addition, butein also down-regulated the expressions of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, XIAP, survivin, CIAP-1, and CIAP-2. This indicates that the inhibition of IAP proteins was also involved in butein-induced apoptosis. The results of our study suggest that butein may be a promising anticancer agent in treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dan-Ning Hu
- Tissue Culture Center, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - I-Ching Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC
- Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Shing Liu
- Cancer Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, ROC
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Ju C, Hou L, Sun F, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Gao H, Wang L, Wang D, Lv Y, Zhao X. Anti-oxidation and Antiapoptotic Effects of Chondroitin Sulfate on 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Injury Through the Up-Regulation of Nrf2 and Inhibition of Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1509-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Intasai N, Pata S, Tragoolpua K, Tayapiwatana C. Recombinant Multivalent EMMPRIN Extracellular Domain Induces U937 Human Leukemia Cell Apoptosis by Downregulation of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 and Activation of Procaspase-9. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:1781-90. [PMID: 26024713 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to understand the effect of the recombinant multivalent extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) extracellular domain, designated as rmEMMPRINex, on the apoptotic cell death of human leukemia U937 cells. Expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and caspase-9 in U937 treated with rmEMMPRINex was investigated in this study. Levels of membrane MCT1 and intracellular procaspase-9 were decreased in rmEMMPRINex-treated cells in comparison to controls. However, the expression of activated caspase-9 was undetectable. rmEMMPRINex also induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in U937 cells. Taken together, we concluded that interaction of rmEMMPRINex with U937 cells leads to inhibition of MCT1 membrane expression, intracellular activation of procaspase-9, followed by DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. This may contribute to the conceptual development of novel cancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutjeera Intasai
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,
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Strophalloside induces apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells through the mitochondrion-dependent caspase-3 pathway. Molecules 2015; 20:5714-28. [PMID: 25838173 PMCID: PMC6272525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20045714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardenolides with special chemical structures have been considered as effective anti-cancer drugs in clinic trials. Strophalloside is a cardenolide we recently isolated from Antiaris toxicaria obtained from Hainan, China. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible anticancer effects induced by strophalloside and the underlying molecular mechanism. Gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells were treated with strophalloside at various concentrations for different times, and resulting cell viability was determined by the MTT assay, and the motility and invasion of tumor cells were assessed by the Transwell chamber assay. Apoptosis were measured by Annexin V-FITC/PI and Hoechst staining. The changes of mitochondrial transmembrane potential were examined by a JC-1 kit. The expressions of pro-apoptotic protein cytochrome c, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by western blotting analysis. The results showed that strophalloside was capable of reducing cell viability, inhibiting cell growth, and suppressing cell migration and invasion in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mitochondrial membrane potential declined and the concentration of cytochrome c increased in cytoplasm and caspase-3 and caspase-9 were cleaved into activated states, suggesting that cytochrome c was released from the mitochondrion to cytoplasm and finally activated the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway. Our results indicate that strophalloside is a potential anticancer drug.
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Dong Z, Tao X, Fu X, Wang H, Wang D, Zhang T. Protective effects of Purendan superfine powder on retinal neuron apoptosis in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:202-6. [PMID: 25767500 PMCID: PMC4353115 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the effects of Purendan superfine powder comprised of Momordica charantia, Radix Ginseng, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae on neuronal apoptosis and expression of bcl-2, bax, and caspase-3, which are retinal apoptosis-associated factors in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by continuous intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The results showed that Purendan superfine powder could upregulate the expression of bcl-2 protein and mRNA, and downregulate the expression of bax and caspase-3 in the retina of diabetes mellitus rats. In addition, Purendan superfine powder was shown to reduce the number of apoptotic neurons. Our experimental findings indicate that Purendan superfine powder can inhibit neuronal apoptosis in the retina of diabetes mellitus rats and has protective effects on diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiangyi Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Donghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tiemin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
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Use of modified halloysite nanotubes in the feed reduces the toxic effects of zearalenone on sow reproduction and piglet development. Theriogenology 2015; 83:932-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Yu Y, Bai F, Liu Y, Yang Y, Yuan Q, Zou D, Qu S, Tian G, Song L, Zhang T, Li S, Liu Y, Wang W, Ren G, Li D. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) protects mouse liver against D-galactose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via activating Nrf2 and PI3K/Akt pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 403:287-99. [PMID: 25701356 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
FGF21 is recently discovered with pleiotropic effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the potential protective effect of FGF21 against D-gal-induced injury in the liver has not been demonstrated. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathophysiological role of FGF21 on hepatic oxidative injury and apoptosis in mice induced by D-gal. The 3-month-old Kunming mice were subcutaneously injected with D-gal (180 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) for 8 weeks and administered simultaneously with FGF21 (5 or 1 mg kg(-1) d(-1)). Our results showed that the administration of FGF21 significantly alleviated histological lesion including structure damage, degeneration, and necrosis of hepatocytes induced by D-gal, and attenuated the elevation of liver injury markers, serum AST, and ALP in a dose-dependent manner. FGF21 treatment also suppressed D-gal-induced profound elevation of ROS production and oxidative stress, as evidenced by an increase of the MDA level and depletion of the intracellular GSH level in the liver, and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and T-AOC. Moreover, FGF21 treatment increased the nuclear abundance of Nrf2 and subsequent up regulation of several antioxidant genes. Furthermore, a TUNEL assay showed that D-gal-induced apoptosis in the mouse liver was significantly inhibited by FGF21. The expression of caspase-3 was markedly inhibited by the treatment of FGF21 in the liver of D-gal-treated mice. The levels of PI3K and PBK/Akt were also largely enhanced, which in turn inactivated pro-apoptotic signaling events, restoring the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the liver of D-gal-treated mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that FGF21 protects the mouse liver against D-gal-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress via enhancing Nrf2-mediated antioxidant capacity and apoptosis via activating PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhang Yu
- Bio-pharmaceutical Lab, Life Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China,
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Pongrakhananon V, Luanpitpong S, Stueckle TA, Wang L, Nimmannit U, Rojanasakul Y. Carbon nanotubes induce apoptosis resistance of human lung epithelial cells through FLICE-inhibitory protein. Toxicol Sci 2015; 143:499-511. [PMID: 25412619 PMCID: PMC4306727 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) has been reported to induce apoptosis resistance of human lung epithelial cells. As resistance to apoptosis is a foundation of neoplastic transformation and cancer development, we evaluated the apoptosis resistance characteristic of the exposed lung cells to understand the pathogenesis mechanism. Passage control and SWCNT-transformed human lung epithelial cells were treated with known inducers of apoptosis via the intrinsic (antimycin A and CDDP) or extrinsic (FasL and TNF-α) pathway and analyzed for apoptosis by DNA fragmentation, annexin-V expression, and caspase activation assays. Whole-genome microarray was performed to aid the analysis of apoptotic gene signaling network. The SWCNT-transformed cells exhibited defective death receptor pathway in association with cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) overexpression. Knockdown or chemical inhibition of c-FLIP abrogated the apoptosis resistance of SWCNT-transformed cells. Whole-genome expression signature analysis confirmed these findings. This study is the first to demonstrate carbon nanotube-induced defective death receptor pathway and the role of c-FLIP in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varisa Pongrakhananon
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Todd A Stueckle
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Liying Wang
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ubonthip Nimmannit
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, and National Nanotechnology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Zhang LJ, Wu ZL, Wang KF, Liu Q, Zhuang HM, Wu G. Trade-off between thermal tolerance and insecticide resistance in Plutella xylostella. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:515-30. [PMID: 25691976 PMCID: PMC4314281 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fitness costs associated with resistance to insecticides have been well documented, usually at normal temperature conditions, in many insect species. In this study, using chlorpyrifos-resistant homozygote (RR) and chlorpyrifos-susceptible homozygote (SS) of resistance ace1 allele of Plutella xylostella (DBM), we confirmed firstly that high temperature experience in pupal stage influenced phenotype of wing venation in insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible Plutella xylostella, and SS DBM showed significantly higher thermal tolerance and lower damages of wing veins under heat stress than RR DBM. As compared to SS DBM, RR DBM displayed significantly lower AChE sensitivity to chlorpyrifos, higher basal GSTs activity and P450 production at 25°C, but higher inhibitions on the enzyme activities and P450 production as well as reduced resistance to chlorpyrifos under heat stress. Furthermore, RR DBM displayed significantly higher basal expressions of hsp69s, hsp72s, hsp20,hsp90,Apaf-1, and caspase-7 at 25°C, but lower induced expressions of hsps and higher induced expressions of Apaf-1,caspase-9, and caspase-7 under heat stress. These results suggest that fitness costs of chlorpyrifos resistance in DBM may partly attribute to excess consumption of energy caused by over production of detoxification enzymes and hsps when the proteins are less demanded at conducive environments but reduced expressions when they are highly demanded by the insects to combat environmental stresses, or to excess expressions of apoptotic genes under heat stress, which results in higher apoptosis. The evolutionary and ecological implications of these findings at global warming are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhao Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Kuan Fu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hua Mei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, 350002, China
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Eren E, Başoğlu MS, Kulduk E, Şimsek F, İnan S. Mucosal trauma induced apoptosis in guinea pig middle ear: comparision of hemostatic agents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 78:2222-8. [PMID: 25458164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS), microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPH), and Ankaferd on wound healing after middle ear trauma and to evaluate their ototoxicity in an experimental guinea pig model. METHODS Middle ear mucosal trauma was created in 21 healthy adult guinea pigs. MPH, Ankaferd, and AGS were applied into the right tympanic bulla of the guinea pigs (7 ears for each treatment modality). The left ears of the seven animals were used as the sham group. At the fourth postoperative week (28-30 days), the guinea pigs were decapitated. Apoptosis was investigated, and the expression of Bcl-xl, Apaf, p53, cytochrome 3, and caspase 3 were evaluated. RESULTS The Ankaferd and AGS groups demonstrated significantly lower epithelial thickness, inflammation, and capillary dilatation than did the control group (p<0.001, <0.001, /0.001, <0.001/, 0.005, and 0.005, respectively). A statistically significant decrease in Bcl-xl staining was observed in the middle ears of animals treated with MPH (p=0.003). There was significantly higher caspase 3 expression in the Ankaferd and AGS groups than in the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION Light microscopy indicates that Ankaferd and AGS create less inflammation and increased caspase expression, which seems to induce inflammatory cell apoptosis. Ankaferd seems to be a promising hemostatic agent in otology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Eren
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Research and Education Hospital, Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Başoğlu
- İzmir Aliağa State Hospital, Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kulduk
- Mardin State Hospital, Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Fatma Şimsek
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embrology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sevinç İnan
- Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embrology, Manisa, Turkey
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Manzo-Merino J, Contreras-Paredes A, Vázquez-Ulloa E, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Fuentes-Gonzalez AM, Lizano M. The Role of Signaling Pathways in Cervical Cancer and Molecular Therapeutic Targets. Arch Med Res 2014; 45:525-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) in human meningiomas and its roles in cell proliferation and survival. J Neurooncol 2014; 121:31-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Postnikoff CK, Pintwala R, Williams S, Wright AM, Hileeto D, Gorbet MB. Development of a curved, stratified, in vitro model to assess ocular biocompatibility. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96448. [PMID: 24837074 PMCID: PMC4023926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To further improve in vitro models of the cornea, this study focused on the creation of a three-dimensional, stratified, curved epithelium; and the subsequent characterization and evaluation of its suitability as a model for biocompatibility testing. METHODS Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells were grown to confluency on curved cellulose filters for seven days, and were then differentiated and stratified using an air-liquid interface for seven days before testing. Varying concentrations of a commercial ophthalmic solution containing benzalkonium chloride (BAK), a known cytotoxic agent, and two relevant ocular surfactants were tested on the model. A whole balafilcon A lens soaked in phosphate buffered saline (BA PBS) was also used to assess biocompatibility and verify the validity of the model. Viability assays as well as flow cytometry were performed on the cells to investigate changes in cell death and integrin expression. RESULTS The reconstructed curved corneal epithelium was composed of 3-5 layers of cells. Increasing concentrations of BAK showed dose-dependent decreased cell viability and increased integrin expression and cell death. No significant change in viability was observed in the presence of the surfactants. As expected, the BA PBS combination appeared to be very biocompatible with no adverse change in cell viability or integrin expression. CONCLUSIONS The stratified, curved, epithelial model proved to be sensitive to distinct changes in cytotoxicity and is suitable for continued assessment for biocompatibility testing of contact lenses. Our results showed that flow cytometry can provide a quantitative measure of the cell response to biomaterials or cytotoxic compounds for both the supernatant and adherent cell populations. As a specifically designed in vitro model of the corneal epithelium, this quantitative model for biocompatibility at the ocular surface may help improve our understanding of cell-material interactions and reduce the use of animal testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Pintwala
- Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Williams
- Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ann M. Wright
- Alcon/CIBAVision, Duluth, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Denise Hileeto
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maud B. Gorbet
- Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Yang PY, Hu DN, Liu FS. Cytotoxic effect and induction of apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells by Antrodia camphorata. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 41:1169-80. [PMID: 24117076 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata is a Chinese herb indigenous to Taiwan. Previous reports demonstrated that it could induce apoptosis in some cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the apoptotic effect of the crude extract of A. camphorata in cervical cancer cells. Two human cervical cancer cell lines, HeLa and C-33A, were treated with extract of A. camphorata (10-1000 μg/mL). We found that A. camphorata extract was cytotoxic to both cervical cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner as examined by MTT assay. Treatment with A. camphorata extract at 400 μg/mL induced a 2.3- and 4.4-fold increase in oligonucleosome formation from the cleaved chromosomal DNA in HeLa and C-33A cells, respectively. A. camphorata extract also activated caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities and increased the cytosolic level of cytochrome c in both cell lines as the dosage increased. Furthermore, A. camphorata extract increased expressions of Bak, Bad and Bim, while decreasing expressions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL of the Bcl-2 family proteins in HeLa and C-33A cells. The expression of IAP proteins, XIAP and survivin, was also decreased in both cervical cancer cells after treatment with A. camphorata. Our in vitro study suggests that A. camphorata is cytotoxic to cervical cancer cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms. It could be used as a novel phytotherapeutic agent or auxiliary therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC
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Vo VA, Lee JW, Park JH, Kwon JH, Lee HJ, Kim SS, Kwon YS, Chun W. N-(p-Coumaryol)-Tryptamine Suppresses the Activation of JNK/c-Jun Signaling Pathway in LPS-Challenged RAW264.7 Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:200-6. [PMID: 25009700 PMCID: PMC4060082 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-(p-Coumaryol) tryptamine (CT), a phenolic amide, has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the underlying mechanism by which CT exerts its pharmacological properties has not been clearly demonstrated. The objective of this study is to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of CT in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells. CT significantly inhibited LPS-induced extracellular secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2, and protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, CT significantly suppressed LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. To elucidate the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism of CT, involvement of MAPK and Akt signaling pathways was examined. CT significantly attenuated LPS-induced activation of JNK/c-Jun, but not ERK and p38, in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, CT appeared to suppress LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation. However, JNK inhibition, but not Akt inhibition, resulted in the suppression of LPS-induced responses, suggesting that JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway significantly contributes to LPS-induced inflammatory responses and that LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation might be a compensatory response to a stress condition. Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrates CT exerts anti-inflammatory activity through the suppression of JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Anh Vo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Jun-Ho Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Jae-Hyun Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
- Department of Radiology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan 410-773, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Yong-Soo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701
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Zhong N, Chen H, Zhao Q, Wang H, Yu X, Eaves AM, Sheng W, Miao J, Cui F, Wang J. Effects of griseofulvin on apoptosis through caspase-3- and caspase-9-dependent pathways in K562 leukemia cells: An in vitro study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2014; 71:384-97. [PMID: 24688157 DOI: 10.1016/s0011-393x(10)80004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Griseofulvin, an oral nontoxic antifungal drug, has been reported to possess anticancer effect in human cancer cells, while the mechanisms are not completely understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of griseofulvin on K562 cells and to understand its underlying molecular pathways. METHODS K562 cells were treated with griseofulvin at different concentrations for 24 hours, and the inhibition effect of griseofulvin on K562 cell proliferation was assessed by tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay. Apoptosis was assessed by examining nuclear morphology and quantifying phosphatidylserine externalization, and alterations in cellular morphology were analyzed by laser scanning confocal microscopy for fluorescent analysis. Flow cytometry was used in the analysis of cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and caspase pathways. RESULTS Griseofulvin could inhibit the growth of K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner with a mean (SD) inhibitory concentration of 50% value of 15.38 (1.35) μg/mL compared with untreated controls. Apoptosis was induced in K562 cells (38.35% [2.73%]; P < 0.01) by griseofulvin with the observation of both an increase in phosphatidylserine level and accumulation of chromatin nucleation in griseofulvintreated cells. In addition, cell-cycle analysis using propidium iodide staining suggested a significant G2/M accumulation (increase from mean 17.64% [4.49%] to 48.29 [1.89%]; P < 0.01) as a result of griseofulvin treatment. Flow cytometry analysis found that griseofulvin treatment was associated with the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane in K562 cells. Furthermore, increased activities of caspase-3 by 22.15-fold (P < 0.01) and caspase-9 by 16.73-fold (P < 0.01) were observed in K562 cells after griseofulvin treatment compared with the untreated control; a decrease of caspase-8 activity was also observed, but the change was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that griseofulvin inhibited growth of K562 cells and induced cell apoptosis through cell-cycle arrest and mitochondrial membrane potential decrease as well as caspase-3 and -9 activation. Further testing is needed to evaluate the potential of griseofulvin as a candidate in the chemotherapy of hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhong
- Department of Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan City, Kunshan, China
| | - Hankui Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Quanlin Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Tradition Chinese Medicine University, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xin Yu
- Wuxi Blood Center, Wuxi, Jiangshu, China
| | - Ashley M Eaves
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Weihua Sheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingcheng Miao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Cui
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Tang W, Yuan Y, Liu C, Wu Y, Lu X, Qian J. Differential cytotoxicity and particle action of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in human cancer cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:397-412. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: While hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAPNs) have been reported to exhibit anticancer effects on several types of human cancer cells, no investigation has been performed to compare their cytotoxicity with different types of cancer cells. The objective of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxic action of HAPNs in different types of human cancer cell and to explore the possible mechanisms involved. Materials & methods: Rod-shaped HAPNs were prepared by the aqueous precipitation method and then labeled with ?uorescein isothiocyanate to visualize the cellular uptake and distribution. Their cytotoxicity to three human carcinoma cell lines (gastric cancer cells [MGC80-3], cervical adenocarcinoma epithelial cells [HeLa] and hepatoma cells [HepG2], as well as to normal human hepatocyte cells [L-02]) was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was characterized by the changes in nuclear morphology with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and by ?ow cytometric analysis with Annexin V-?uorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. Furthermore, the activity of apoptotic proteins (caspase-3, -8 and -9), intracellular reactive oxygen species and glutathione levels were analyzed in HAPN-treated cells. The cellular uptake of HAPNs was studied using flow cytometry analysis, and changes in intracellular calcium levels were investigated using the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dye, fluo-3 AM. Results: HAPNs significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of cancer cells with an order of MGC80-3 > HepG2 > HeLa, but had no impact on normal hepatic cells (L-02). The increase in apoptosis was accompanied by the activation of caspase-3 and -9, but not activation of caspase-8. Moreover, HAPN treatment led to reactive oxygen species generation and decreased intracellular glutathione in cancer cells, with the most remarkable reactive oxygen species burst in HeLa cells. The degree of cytotoxicity did not correlate with the cellular uptake efficiency of HAPNs. However, more HAPNs were found inside the nucleus of MGC80-3 cells, and an increase in the intracellular calcium level was observed in all cancer cells, with the highest level also detected in MGC80-3. Conclusion: Varying cytotoxicity of HAPNs was observed in different cancer cell types. Our results suggest that possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity in various types of cancer cells could be different. The elevated calcium concentration and nuclear localization of the particles might be the main mechanism of growth inhibition by HAPNs in cancer cells. Original submitted 18 April 2012; Revised submitted 14 September 2012; Published online 24 April 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yuequn Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xun Lu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jiangchao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Zhang J, Wang L, Chen H, Yin T, Teng Y, Zhang K, Yu D, Wang G. Effect of Caspase Inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO on Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Induced by Artesunate. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2014.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Remifentanil preconditioning alleviating brain damage of cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats by regulating the JNK signal pathway and TNF-α/TNFR1 signal pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:6997-7006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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