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Gu L, Huang R, Ni N, Zhou R, Su Y, Gu P, Zhang D, Fan X. Mg-Cross-Linked Alginate Hydrogel Induces BMSC/Macrophage Crosstalk to Enhance Bone Tissue Regeneration via Dual Promotion of the Ligand-Receptor Pairing of the OSM/miR-370-3p-gp130 Signaling Pathway. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30685-30702. [PMID: 38859670 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between the immune and skeletal systems, while Mg-based biomaterials demonstrate immunomodulatory capabilities in this procedure. However, the mechanism of how Mg2+ promotes osteogenesis through the interplay of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and macrophages remains undescribed. Here, we demonstrated that a Mg-cross-linked alginate hydrogel exerted a dual enhancement of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation through the ligand-receptor pairing of the OSM/miR-370-3p-gp130 axis. On the one hand, Mg2+, released from the Mg-cross-linked hydrogel, stimulates bone marrow-derived macrophages to produce and secrete more OSM. On the other hand, Mg2+ lowers the miR-370-3p level in BMSCs and in turn, reverses its suppression on gp130. Then, the OSM binds to the gp130 heterodimer receptor and activates intracellular osteogenic programs in BMSCs. Taken together, this study reveals a novel cross-talk pattern between the skeletal and immune systems under Mg2+ stimulation. This study not only brings new insights into the immunomodulatory properties of Mg-based biomaterials for orthopedic applications but also enriches the miRNA regulatory network and provides a promising target to facilitate bone regeneration in large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ni Ni
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yun Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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2
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Daponte V, Henke K, Drissi H. Current perspectives on the multiple roles of osteoclasts: Mechanisms of osteoclast-osteoblast communication and potential clinical implications. eLife 2024; 13:e95083. [PMID: 38591777 PMCID: PMC11003748 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a complex process involving the coordinated actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts to maintain bone homeostasis. While the influence of osteoblasts on osteoclast differentiation is well established, the reciprocal regulation of osteoblasts by osteoclasts has long remained enigmatic. In the past few years, a fascinating new role for osteoclasts has been unveiled in promoting bone formation and facilitating osteoblast migration to the remodeling sites through a number of different mechanisms, including the release of factors from the bone matrix following bone resorption and direct cell-cell interactions. Additionally, considerable evidence has shown that osteoclasts can secrete coupling factors known as clastokines, emphasizing the crucial role of these cells in maintaining bone homeostasis. Due to their osteoprotective function, clastokines hold great promise as potential therapeutic targets for bone diseases. However, despite long-standing work to uncover new clastokines and their effect in vivo, more substantial efforts are still required to decipher the mechanisms and pathways behind their activity in order to translate them into therapies. This comprehensive review provides insights into our evolving understanding of the osteoclast function, highlights the significance of clastokines in bone remodeling, and explores their potential as treatments for bone diseases suggesting future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Daponte
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
- VA Medical CenterAtlantaUnited States
| | - Katrin Henke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
- VA Medical CenterAtlantaUnited States
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Han Y, Gao H, Gan X, Liu J, Bao C, He C. Roles of IL-11 in the regulation of bone metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1290130. [PMID: 38352248 PMCID: PMC10862480 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1290130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is the basis for maintaining the normal physiological state of bone, and imbalance of bone metabolism can lead to a series of metabolic bone diseases. As a member of the IL-6 family, IL-11 acts primarily through the classical signaling pathway IL-11/Receptors, IL-11 (IL-11R)/Glycoprotein 130 (gp130). The regulatory role of IL-11 in bone metabolism has been found earlier, but mainly focuses on the effects on osteogenesis and osteoclasis. In recent years, more studies have focused on IL-11's roles and related mechanisms in different bone metabolism activities. IL-11 regulates osteoblasts, osteoclasts, BM stromal cells, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and chondrocytes. It's involved in bone homeostasis, including osteogenesis, osteolysis, bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis, BM adipogenesis, and bone metastasis. This review exams IL-11's role in pathology and bone tissue, the cytokines and pathways that regulate IL-11 expression, and the feedback regulations of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinling Gan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Amezcua-Guerra LM, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Guzmán-García S, Márquez-Velasco R, Becerril-Villanueva E, Vázquez-Panchos Y, Juárez-Vicuña Y. Mononuclear cells from patients with rhupus are influenced by TNF in their production of gp130/sIL-6Rb and APRIL. Lupus Sci Med 2023; 10:e000970. [PMID: 37880158 PMCID: PMC10603339 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2023-000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rhupus is a rare disease that shares characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While several studies have explored the clinical and immunological profiles of patients with rhupus, the underlying cause of the disease remains unknown due to its complex pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in the production of inflammatory molecules by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with rhupus. METHODS The study involved five healthy controls, seven patients with rhupus and seven patients with SLE. PBMCs were obtained from each participant and stimulated with recombinant human TNF for 24 hours. The levels of various molecules secreted by the cells, such as cytokines and chemokines, were measured using immunobead-based assays on xMAP technology. RESULTS The production levels of some molecules were higher in TNF-stimulated PBMCs from patients with rhupus and SLE than in unstimulated cells. In addition, the levels of certain molecules, including gp130/sIL-6Rb, a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), interferon-β, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and interleukin (IL)-12, were higher in PBMCs from patients with rhupus even without TNF stimulation. Similarly, the levels of gp130/sIL-6Rb and APRIL were higher in TNF-stimulated PBMCs from patients with rhupus than in healthy controls. These results were further validated against patients with RA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the spontaneous production of molecules by cells from patients with rhupus may contribute to the development of the disease, and that TNF may play a role in this process by regulating the secretion of gp130/sIL-6Rb and APRIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Santiago Guzmán-García
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Laboratory of Psychoimmunology, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yadira Vázquez-Panchos
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yaneli Juárez-Vicuña
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Münz S, Feger M, Föller M. Oncostatin M is a regulator of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8420. [PMID: 37225713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal phosphate and vitamin D metabolism is under the control of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), an endocrine and paracrine factor predominantly produced in bone. FGF23 formation is stimulated by active vitamin D, or parathyroid hormone (PTH), which are further regulators of phosphate homeostasis. In renal, inflammatory, and other diseases, plasma FGF23 reflects disease stage and correlates with outcome. Oncostatin M is part of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family and regulates remodeling and PTH effects in bone as well as cardiac FGF23 production in heart failure via glycoprotein gp130. Here, we studied whether oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 in bone cells. Experiments were performed in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells, Fgf23 mRNA was determined by qRT-PCR, FGF23 protein by Western Blotting and ELISA, and oncostatin M receptor and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor gene knockout accomplished by siRNA. As a result, oncostatin M dose-dependently up-regulated Fgf23 expression and protein secretion. The oncostatin M effect on FGF23 was mediated by oncostatin M receptor and gp130 and involved, at least in part, STAT3 and MEK1/2. Taken together, oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 through oncostatin M receptor, gp130, as well as STAT3 and MEK1/2 in UMR106 osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Münz
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Moritani Y, Hasegawa T, Yamamoto T, Hongo H, Yimin, Abe M, Yoshino H, Nakanishi K, Maruoka H, Ishizu H, Shimizu T, Takahata M, Iwasaki N, Li M, Tei K, Ohiro Y, Amizuka N. Histochemical assessment of accelerated bone remodeling and reduced mineralization in Il-6 deficient mice. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:410-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Effects of the Interleukin-6 Receptor Blocker Sarilumab on Metabolic Activity and Differentiation Capacity of Primary Human Osteoblasts. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071390. [PMID: 35890286 PMCID: PMC9318132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL-) 6 is a key factor in the inflammatory processes of rheumatoid arthritis. Several biologic agents target the IL-6 signaling pathway, including sarilumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks the IL-6 receptor and inhibits IL-6-mediated cis- and trans-signaling. A careful analysis of the IL-6 signaling blockade should consider not only inflammatory processes but also the regenerative functions of IL-6. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether inhibition of the IL-6 receptors affects differentiation of human primary osteoblasts (hOB). The effects of sarilumab on viability and the differentiation capacity in unstimulated osteoblasts as well as after stimulation with various IL-6 and sIL6-R concentrations were determined. Sarilumab treatment alone did not affect the differentiation or induction of inflammatory processes in hOB. However, the significant induction of alkaline phosphatase activity which was observed after exogenous IL-6/sIL-6R costimulation at the highest concentrations was reduced back to baseline levels by the addition of sarilumab. The IL-6 receptor blockade also decreased gene expression of mediators required for osteogenesis and bone matrix maintenance. Our results demonstrate that concomitant administration of the IL-6 receptor blocker sarilumab can inhibit IL-6/sIL-6R-induced osteogenic differentiation.
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Olczyk M, Czkwianianc E, Socha-Banasiak A. Metabolic Bone Disorders in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:423. [PMID: 35330174 PMCID: PMC8954892 DOI: 10.3390/life12030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases in the pediatric population. Entry observations demonstrate anemia, malabsorption, deficiencies in vitamin D and calcium. These aspects, together with the systemic action of pro-inflammatory cytokines and steroid therapy are widely recognized as factors influencing bone metabolism. Presently, however, there are very few studies that can be found in the scientific literature on metabolic disorders in patients with IBD, especially in the pediatric population as the coexistence has not been sufficiently examined and understood. This review aims to summarize the currently available literature, as well as assess which areas have information gaps and need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Olczyk
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czkwianianc
- Department of Gastroenterology, Allergology and Pediatrics, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (E.C.); (A.S.-B.)
| | - Anna Socha-Banasiak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Allergology and Pediatrics, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (E.C.); (A.S.-B.)
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Millrine D, Jenkins RH, Hughes STO, Jones SA. Making sense of IL-6 signalling cues in pathophysiology. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:567-588. [PMID: 34618359 PMCID: PMC9673051 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Unravelling the molecular mechanisms that account for functional pleiotropy is a major challenge for researchers in cytokine biology. Cytokine-receptor cross-reactivity and shared signalling pathways are considered primary drivers of cytokine pleiotropy. However, reports epitomized by studies of Jak-STAT cytokine signalling identify interesting biochemical and epigenetic determinants of transcription factor regulation that affect the delivery of signal-dependent cytokine responses. Here, a regulatory interplay between STAT transcription factors and their convergence to specific genomic enhancers support the fine-tuning of cytokine responses controlling host immunity, functional identity, and tissue homeostasis and repair. In this review, we provide an overview of the signalling networks that shape the way cells sense and interpret cytokine cues. With an emphasis on the biology of interleukin-6, we highlight the importance of these mechanisms to both physiological processes and pathophysiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Millrine
- Division of Infection & ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityUK
- Systems Immunity University Research InstituteCardiff UniversityUK
- Present address:
Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation UnitSir James Black CentreSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Dundee3rd FloorDundeeUK
| | - Robert H. Jenkins
- Division of Infection & ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityUK
- Systems Immunity University Research InstituteCardiff UniversityUK
| | - Stuart T. O. Hughes
- Division of Infection & ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityUK
- Systems Immunity University Research InstituteCardiff UniversityUK
| | - Simon A. Jones
- Division of Infection & ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityUK
- Systems Immunity University Research InstituteCardiff UniversityUK
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John Martin T. Aspects of intercellular communication in bone and implications in therapy. Bone 2021; 153:116148. [PMID: 34389478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Communication processes among the cells of bone are essential for the structure and function of the organ. After it was proposed that communication from the osteoblast lineage to hemopoietic cells initiated osteoclastogenesis, the molecular controls were identified to be the tumour necrosis factor ligand and receptor families. This was followed by revelation of very many signalling processes among the cells of bone that regulate the three phases of bone remodelling, the resorption, reversal and formation phases. In many instances the ways in which these mechanisms operate can determine how drugs act on bone, whether they be inhibitors of resorption or promoters of formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T John Martin
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne Department of Medicine at St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.
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11
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Henning P, Movérare-Skrtic S, Westerlund A, Chaves de Souza PP, Floriano-Marcelino T, Nilsson KH, El Shahawy M, Ohlsson C, Lerner UH. WNT16 is Robustly Increased by Oncostatin M in Mouse Calvarial Osteoblasts and Acts as a Negative Feedback Regulator of Osteoclast Formation Induced by Oncostatin M. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4723-4741. [PMID: 34566421 PMCID: PMC8457865 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s323435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone loss is often observed adjacent to inflammatory processes. The WNT signaling pathways have been implicated as novel regulators of both immune responses and bone metabolism. WNT16 is important for cortical bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, and we have here investigated the regulation of WNT16 by several members of the pro-inflammatory gp130 cytokine family. Methods The expression and regulation of Wnt16 in primary murine cells were studied by qPCR, scRNAseq and in situ hybridization. Signaling pathways were studied by siRNA silencing. The importance of oncostatin M (OSM)-induced WNT16 expression for osteoclastogenesis was studied in cells from Wnt16-deficient and wild-type mice. Results We found that IL-6/sIL-6R and OSM induce the expression of Wnt16 in primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts, with OSM being the most robust stimulator. The induction of Wnt16 by OSM was dependent on gp130 and OSM receptor (OSMR), and downstream signaling by the SHC1/STAT3 pathway, but independent of ERK. Stimulation of the calvarial cells with OSM resulted in enhanced numbers of mature, oversized osteoclasts when cells were isolated from Wnt16 deficient mice compared to cells from wild-type mice. OSM did not affect Wnt16 mRNA expression in bone marrow cell cultures, explained by the finding that Wnt16 and Osmr are expressed in distinctly different cells in bone marrow, nor was osteoclast differentiation different in OSM-stimulated bone marrow cell cultures isolated from Wnt16−/- or wild-type mice. Furthermore, we found that Wnt16 expression is substantially lower in cells from bone marrow compared to calvarial osteoblasts. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that OSM is a robust stimulator of Wnt16 mRNA in calvarial osteoblasts and that WNT16 acts as a negative feedback regulator of OSM-induced osteoclast formation in the calvarial bone cells, but not in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pedro Paulo Chaves de Souza
- The Innovation in Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Thais Floriano-Marcelino
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Yang J, Yao L, Li Y, Gao R, Huo R, Xia L, Shen H, Lu J. Interleukin-35 Regulates Angiogenesis Through P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway in Interleukin-1β-Stimulated SW1353 Cells and Cartilage Bioinformatics Analysis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:164-171. [PMID: 34003680 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of interleukin (IL)-35 on proangiogenic factors in IL-1β-pretreated chondrocyte-like SW1353 cells and screen-related genes that participated in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage with IL-35, proangiogenic factors, and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Different concentrations of IL-35 incubated with IL-1β stimulated SW1353 cells with or without SB203580 (inhibitor of P38 MAPK). Proangiogenic molecule expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database of OA cartilage. Protein-protein interaction of genes was visualized by Search Tool for the Retrieval Interacting Genes and Cytoscape. Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery was used to screen biological processes and pathways. IL-35 inhibited mRNA expression of proangiogenic factors in IL-1β-stimulated SW1353 cells through the P38 MAPK signaling pathway. IL-35 inhibited angiopoietin-2 secretion. We found that 8 related genes, 18 biological processes, and 6 pathways may associate with IL-35, P38 MAPK signaling pathway, and cartilage angiogenesis. IL-35 regulated the expression of proangiogenic factors through P38 MAPK signaling pathway in IL-1β-stimulated SW1353 cells. IL-35 and P38 MAPK pathway may participate in neovascularization of cartilage. Our findings may provide molecular mechanisms and possible genes target treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Lutian Yao
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ruoxi Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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13
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Lee S, Liu P, Ahmad M, Tuckermann JP. Leukemia inhibitory factor treatment attenuates the detrimental effects of glucocorticoids on bone in mice. Bone 2021; 145:115843. [PMID: 33429108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used drugs for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, a severe side effect induced by long-term GC therapy is osteoporosis. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) - a glycoprotein 130 (gp130) dependent cytokine and member of the interleukin-6 cytokine family - is an activator protein 1 (AP-1) target gene that may be involved in one of the mechanisms underlying GC-induced bone loss. Indeed, we previously reported that the mRNA expression level of LIF was enhanced upon osteogenic differentiation, but was significantly decreased in GC-treated osteoblasts. In this study, we show that in vitro LIF treatment rescues the decreased early osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of GC-treated osteoblasts. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that in vivo LIF treatment protects against GC-mediated trabecular bone loss by decreasing the loss of both trabecular bone formation and osteoblast numbers. This protection appears to be conferred by LIF rescuing GC decreased activity of Stat3, MAPK, and Akt signaling pathways. Thus, the specific targeting of LIF signaling may represent a new therapeutic strategy to prevent GC-induced trabecular bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Lee
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mubashir Ahmad
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan P Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Clinics of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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14
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Lim H, Kim DK, Kim TH, Kang KR, Seo JY, Cho SS, Yun Y, Choi YY, Leem J, Kim HW, Jo GU, Oh CJ, Oh DS, Chun HS, Kim JS. Acteoside Counteracts Interleukin-1 β-Induced Catabolic Processes through the Modulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and the NF κB Cellular Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8684725. [PMID: 33833854 PMCID: PMC8016581 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8684725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease with chronic joint pain caused by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage at synovial joints. Acteoside, a caffeoylphenylethanoid glycoside, has various biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidative, cytoprotective, and neuroprotective effect. Further, oral administration of acteoside at high dosage does not cause genotoxicity. Therefore, the aim of present study is to verify the anticatabolic effects of acteoside against osteoarthritis and its anticatabolic signaling pathway. Acteoside did not decrease the viabilities of mouse fibroblast L929 cells used as normal cells and primary rat chondrocytes. Acteoside counteracted the IL-1β-induced proteoglycan loss in the chondrocytes and articular cartilage through suppressing the expression and activation of cartilage-degrading enzyme such as matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 13, MMP-1, and MMP-3. Furthermore, acteoside suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 in the primary rat chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. Subsequently, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines was decreased by acteoside in the primary rat chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. Moreover, acteoside suppressed not only the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in primary rat chondrocytes treated with IL-1β but also the translocation of NFκB from the cytosol to the nucleus through suppression of its phosphorylation. Oral administration of 5 and 10 mg/kg acteoside attenuated the progressive degeneration of articular cartilage in the osteoarthritic mouse model generated by destabilization of the medial meniscus. Our findings indicate that acteoside is a promising potential anticatabolic agent or supplement to attenuate or prevent progressive degeneration of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyangI Lim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Rok Kang
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Seo
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
- Departments of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Cho
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Yun
- Chung-Yeon Medical Institute, Gwangju 61949, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Institute, CY Pharma Co., Seoul 06224, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-yong Choi
- Chung-Yeon Medical Institute, Gwangju 61949, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Institute, CY Pharma Co., Seoul 06224, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungtae Leem
- Chung-Yeon Medical Institute, Gwangju 61949, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Institute, CY Pharma Co., Seoul 06224, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun-Woo Kim
- Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Institute, Naju, Jeollanamdo, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ung Jo
- Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Institute, Naju, Jeollanamdo, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Jin Oh
- Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Institute, Naju, Jeollanamdo, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Deuk-Sil Oh
- Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Institute, Naju, Jeollanamdo, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Sung Chun
- Departments of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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15
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Aarstad HH, Moe SEE, Bruserud Ø, Lybak S, Aarstad HJ, Tvedt THA. The Acute Phase Reaction and Its Prognostic Impact in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Single Biomarkers Including C-Reactive Protein Versus Biomarker Profiles. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100418. [PMID: 33066437 PMCID: PMC7602291 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) has a prognostic impact in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the acute phase reaction involves many other proteins depending on its inducing events, including various cytokines that can function as reaction inducers. In the present study, we compared the pretreatment acute phase cytokine profile for 144 patients with potentially curative HNSCC. We investigated the systemic levels of interleukin (IL)6 family mediators (glycoprotein (gp130), IL6 receptor (R)α, IL6, IL27, IL31, oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)), IL1 subfamily members (IL1R antagonist (A), IL33Rα), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α. Patient subsets identified from this 10-mediator profile did not differ with regard to disease stage, human papilloma virus (HPV) status, CRP levels, or death cause. Increased CRP, IL6, and IL1RA levels were independent markers for HNSCC-related death in the whole patient population. Furthermore, gp130, IL6Rα, and IL31 were suggested to predict prognosis among tumor HPV-negative patients. Only IL6 predicted survival in HPV-positive patients. Finally, we did a clustering analysis of HPV-negative patients based on six acute phase mediators that showed significant or borderline association with prognosis in Kaplan–Meier analyses; three subsets could then be identified, and they differed in survival (p < 0.001). To conclude, (i) HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC patients show similar variations of their systemic acute phase profiles; (ii) the prognostic impact of single mediators differs between these two patient subsets; and (iii) for HPV-negative patients, acute phase profiling identifies three patient subsets that differ significantly in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Hersvik Aarstad
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (Ø.B.)
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Svein Erik Emblem Moe
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Stein Lybak
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Hans Jørgen Aarstad
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-5597-2664
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Kim YH, Lee JS, Seo EJ, Park JK, Yea K, Shin J, Jang IH, Jeong T. Oncostatin M enhances osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells derived from supernumerary teeth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:169-174. [PMID: 32703406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Supernumerary tooth (ST) may arise from uncertain developmental abnormalities or underlying genetic causes, and the extraction at the early age is recommended. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are the valuable resource for the regeneration of tooth and related craniofacial structures. DPSCs isolated from ST (sDPSCs) have not been fully characterized despite the potential in the applications. The objectives of this study are the efficient isolation of sDPSCs and the analysis of the properties as stem cells. sDPSCs were established by hammer-cracking and separation of the intact pulp from ST. sDPSCs in the culture were examined by light microscope and flow cytometer for the morphology and the surface marker expression. sDPSCs exhibited the cellular morphology of typical mesenchymal stem cells and expressed CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD166, but not CD14, CD34 or CD45. sDPSCs showed the differentiation potential toward osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. During osteogenic differentiation, the stimulation by Oncostatin M enhanced the differentiation and significantly increased the expression of genes involved in the hard tissue repair, such as BMP2, BMP4, BMP6 and RUNX2. sDPSCs can be effectively derived from ST and displays the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells in the maintenance and the differentiation. sDPSCs satisfies the quality as DPSCs thus provide the valuable resource to the regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Sang Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Republic of Korea; Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Park
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyun Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Republic of Korea; Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taesung Jeong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Republic of Korea; Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Sims NA. The JAK1/STAT3/SOCS3 axis in bone development, physiology, and pathology. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1185-1197. [PMID: 32788655 PMCID: PMC8080635 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone growth and the maintenance of bone structure are controlled by multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including cytokines expressed locally within the bone microenvironment and those that are elevated, both locally and systemically, under inflammatory conditions. This review focuses on those bone-active cytokines that initiate JAK–STAT signaling, and outlines the discoveries made from studying skeletal defects caused by induced or spontaneous modifications in this pathway. Specifically, this review describes defects in JAK1, STAT3, and SOCS3 signaling in mouse models and in humans, including mutations designed to modify these pathways downstream of the gp130 coreceptor. It is shown that osteoclast formation is generally stimulated indirectly by these pathways through JAK1 and STAT3 actions in inflammatory and other accessory cells, including osteoblasts. In addition, in bone remodeling, osteoblast differentiation is increased secondary to stimulated osteoclast formation through an IL-6-dependent pathway. In growth plate chondrocytes, STAT3 signaling promotes the normal differentiation process that leads to bone lengthening. Within the osteoblast lineage, STAT3 signaling promotes bone formation in normal physiology and in response to mechanical loading through direct signaling in osteocytes. This activity, particularly that of the IL-6/gp130 family of cytokines, must be suppressed by SOCS3 for the normal formation of cortical bone. Maintaining normal bone structure and strength depends on a group of signaling proteins called cytokines that bind to receptor molecules on cell surfaces. Natalie Sims at St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne in Australia reviews the role of cytokines in a specific signaling pathway in bone development and disease. Two of the proteins in this pathway respond to cytokine activity, whereas the third inhibits the cytokines’ effects. Studies in mice and humans have identified links between specific bone defects and spontaneous or experimentally induced mutations in the genes that code for the three proteins. The review covers the significance of recent findings to several types of cells that form new bone, degrade bone as part of normal bone turnover, and sustain the structure of bone and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Sims
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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18
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Hosokawa I, Hosokawa Y, Ozaki K, Matsuo T. Carnosic acid inhibits inflammatory cytokines production in human periodontal ligament cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:373-378. [PMID: 32538208 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1782427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carnosic acid (CA), which is one of bioactive compounds from rosemary, has various biological activities. However, the effect of CA on periodontal ligament cells is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CA on inflammatory cytokines production in human periodontal ligament cells. METHODS Cytokine and chemokine levels were measured by ELISA. Activations of signal transduction pathway were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Treatment of CA decreased inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)10, CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, and CCL20 productions in IL-1β or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that CA could suppress Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 pathway activation in IL-1β or TNF-α-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that CA has anti-inflammatory effects in human periodontal ligament cells by inhibiting JNK, NF-κB and STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Hosokawa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hosokawa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ozaki
- Department of Oral Health Care Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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19
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Omokehinde T, Johnson RW. GP130 Cytokines in Breast Cancer and Bone. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020326. [PMID: 32023849 PMCID: PMC7072680 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cells have a high predilection for skeletal homing, where they may either induce osteolytic bone destruction or enter a latency period in which they remain quiescent. Breast cancer cells produce and encounter autocrine and paracrine cytokine signals in the bone microenvironment, which can influence their behavior in multiple ways. For example, these signals can promote the survival and dormancy of bone-disseminated cancer cells or stimulate proliferation. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, defined by its use of the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) co-receptor, includes interleukin-11 (IL-11), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), among others. These cytokines are known to have overlapping pleiotropic functions in different cell types and are important for cross-talk between bone-resident cells. IL-6 cytokines have also been implicated in the progression and metastasis of breast, prostate, lung, and cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of these cytokines in the tumor–bone microenvironment. This review will describe the role of these cytokines in skeletal remodeling and cancer progression both within and outside of the bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolu Omokehinde
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rachelle W. Johnson
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-615-875-8965
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20
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Xiong X, Kuang H, Ansari S, Liu T, Gong J, Wang S, Zhao XY, Ji Y, Li C, Guo L, Zhou L, Chen Z, Leon-Mimila P, Chung MT, Kurabayashi K, Opp J, Campos-Pérez F, Villamil-Ramírez H, Canizales-Quinteros S, Lyons R, Lumeng CN, Zhou B, Qi L, Huertas-Vazquez A, Lusis AJ, Xu XZS, Li S, Yu Y, Li JZ, Lin JD. Landscape of Intercellular Crosstalk in Healthy and NASH Liver Revealed by Single-Cell Secretome Gene Analysis. Mol Cell 2020; 75:644-660.e5. [PMID: 31398325 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 453] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication via ligand-receptor signaling is a fundamental feature of complex organs. Despite this, the global landscape of intercellular signaling in mammalian liver has not been elucidated. Here we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on non-parenchymal cells isolated from healthy and NASH mouse livers. Secretome gene analysis revealed a highly connected network of intrahepatic signaling and disruption of vascular signaling in NASH. We uncovered the emergence of NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs), which are marked by high expression of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2), as a feature of mouse and human NASH that is linked to disease severity and highly responsive to pharmacological and dietary interventions. Finally, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) serve as a hub of intrahepatic signaling via HSC-derived stellakines and their responsiveness to vasoactive hormones. These results provide unprecedented insights into the landscape of intercellular crosstalk and reprogramming of liver cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Xiong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Henry Kuang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tongyu Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianke Gong
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, and College of Life Science and Technology, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xu-Yun Zhao
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yewei Ji
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Liang Guo
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Linkang Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paola Leon-Mimila
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meng Ting Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Katsuo Kurabayashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Judy Opp
- University of Michigan DNA Sequencing Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Francisco Campos-Pérez
- Clínica Integral de Cirugía para la Obesidad y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Hospital General Dr. Rubén Lénero, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Villamil-Ramírez
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Robert Lyons
- University of Michigan DNA Sequencing Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carey N Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adriana Huertas-Vazquez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siming Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Fasolino I, Raucci MG, Soriente A, Demitri C, Madaghiele M, Sannino A, Ambrosio L. Osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties of chitosan-based scaffolds for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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22
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Prokaryotic soluble overexpression and purification of oncostatin M using a fusion approach and genetically engineered E. coli strains. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13706. [PMID: 31548569 PMCID: PMC6757106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Oncostatin M (OSM), initially discovered as a tumour inhibitory factor secreted from U-937 cells, is a gp130 (IL-6/LIF) cytokine family member that exhibits pleiotropic effects in inflammation, haematopoiesis, skeletal tissue alteration, liver regeneration, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Cytoplasmic expression of OSM in Escherichia coli results in inclusion bodies, and complex solubilisation, refolding and purification is required to prepare bioactive protein. Herein, eight N-terminal fusion variants of OSM with hexahistidine (His6) tag and seven solubility-enhancing tags, including thioredoxin (Trx), small ubiquitin-related modifier (Sumo), glutathione S-transferase (GST), maltose-binding protein (MBP), N-utilisation substance protein A (Nusa), human protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) and the b‘a’ domain of PDI (PDIb‘a’), were tested for soluble OSM expression in E. coli. The His6-OSM plasmid was also introduced into genetically engineered Origami 2 and SHuffle strains to test expression of the protein. At 18 °C, MBP-tagged OSM was highly expressed and solubility was dramatically enhanced. In addition, His6-OSM was more highly expressed and soluble in Origami 2 and SHuffle strains than in BL21(DE3). MBP-OSM and His6-OSM were purified more than 95% with yields of 11.02 mg and 3.27 mg from a 500 mL culture. Protein identity was confirmed by mass spectroscopy, and bioactivity was demonstrated by in vitro inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation.
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23
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Lerner UH, Kindstedt E, Lundberg P. The critical interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46 Suppl 21:33-51. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf H. Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition; Institute of Medicine; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Odontology; Division of Molecular Periodontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Odontology; Division of Molecular Periodontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Odontology; Division of Molecular Periodontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
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24
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Kim BJ, Koh JM. Coupling factors involved in preserving bone balance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1243-1253. [PMID: 30515522 PMCID: PMC11105749 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coupling during bone remodeling refers to the spatial and temporal coordination of bone resorption with bone formation. Studies have assessed the subtle interactions between osteoclasts and osteoblasts to preserve bone balance. Traditionally, coupling research related to osteoclast function has focused on bone resorption activity causing the release of growth factors embedded in the bone matrix. However, considerable evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies indicates the importance of the osteoclasts themselves in coupling phenomena, and many osteoclast-derived coupling factors have been identified. These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, vesicular-receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1, and cardiotrophin-1. Interestingly, neuronal guidance molecules, such as slit guidance ligand 3, semaphorin (SEMA) 3A, SEMA4D, and netrin-1, originally identified as instructive cues allowing the navigation of growing axons to their targets, have been shown to be involved in the intercellular cross-talk among bone cells. This review discusses osteoclast-osteoblast coupling signals, including recent advances and the potential roles of these signals as therapeutic targets for osteoporosis and as biomarkers predicting human bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Jun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Koh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Botelho FM, Rodrigues R, Guerette J, Wong S, Fritz DK, Richards CD. Extracellular Matrix and Fibrocyte Accumulation in BALB/c Mouse Lung upon Transient Overexpression of Oncostatin M. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020126. [PMID: 30764496 PMCID: PMC6406700 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of extracellular matrix in lung diseases involves numerous factors, including cytokines and chemokines that participate in cell activation in lung tissues and the circulation of fibrocytes that contribute to local fibrotic responses. The transient overexpression of the gp130 cytokine Oncostatin M can induce extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in mouse lungs, and here, we assess a role for IL-13 in this activity using gene deficient mice. The endotracheal administration of an adenovirus vector encoding Oncostatin M (AdOSM) caused increases in parenchymal lung collagen accumulation, neutrophil numbers, and CXCL1/KC chemokine elevation in bronchioalveolar lavage fluids. These effects were similar in IL-13-/- mice at day 7; however, the ECM matrix induced by Oncostatin M (OSM) was reduced at day 14 in the IL-13-/- mice. CD45+col1+ fibrocyte numbers were elevated at day 7 due to AdOSM whereas macrophages were not. Day 14 levels of CD45+col1+ fibrocytes were maintained in the wildtype mice treated with AdOSM but were reduced in IL-13-/- mice. The expression of the fibrocyte chemotactic factor CXCL12/SDF-1 was suppressed marginally by AdOSM in vivo and significantly in vitro in mouse lung fibroblast cell cultures. Thus, Oncostatin M can stimulate inflammation in an IL-13-independent manner in BALB/c lungs; however, the ECM remodeling and fibrocyte accumulation is reduced in IL-13 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M Botelho
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Kuroyanagi G, Adapala NS, Yamaguchi R, Kamiya N, Deng Z, Aruwajoye O, Kutschke M, Chen E, Jo C, Ren Y, Kim HKW. Interleukin-6 deletion stimulates revascularization and new bone formation following ischemic osteonecrosis in a murine model. Bone 2018; 116:221-231. [PMID: 30125727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a childhood form of ischemic osteonecrosis of the femoral head which can produce a permanent femoral head deformity and early osteoarthritis. The femoral head deformity results from increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation during repair and remodeling of the necrotic femoral head. A recent study showed that a pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), is significantly elevated in the synovial fluid of patients with LCPD. We hypothesized that IL-6 elevation decreases bone formation during the repair process following ischemic osteonecrosis and that IL-6 depletion will increase new bone formation. To test this hypothesis, we surgically induced ischemic osteonecrosis in the wild-type (n = 29) and IL-6 knockout (KO) mice (n = 25). The animals were assessed at 48 h, 2 weeks and 4 weeks following the induction of ischemic osteonecrosis using histologic, histomorphometric and micro-CT methods. IL-6 immunohistochemistry showed high expression of IL-6 in the osteonecrotic side of the wild-type mice at 48 h and 4 weeks following ischemic osteonecrosis, but not in the IL-6 KO mice. We also confirmed an undetectable level of IL-6 expression in the primary osteoblasts of the IL-6 KO mice compared to the readily detectable level in the wild-type mice. Furthermore, we confirmed that IL-6 deletion did not affect the extent of bone necrosis in the IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice by performing histologic and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assessments at 2 weeks following the induction of ischemia. Both groups had the same extent of ischemic osteonecrosis and absence of repair at 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, the necrotic epiphyses showed a significant increase in the extent of revascularization in the IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice (p = 0.001). In addition, a significantly greater recovery of the hematopoietic bone marrow was observed in the osteonecrotic side of the IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice (p < 0.01). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunohistochemistry showed regionally increased staining in the areas of repair in the osteonecrosis side of IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice at 4 weeks following ischemic osteonecrosis. Micro-CT assessment of the wild-type mice at 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in the percent bone volume (p < 0.01) in the osteonecrotic side compared to the control side. In contrast, IL-6 KO mice showed significantly increased bone volume in the osteonecrotic side compared to the osteonecrotic side of WT mice (p < 0.001). No significant difference in the bone volume percentage was found between the control side of the wild-type and the IL-6 KO mice. Histomorphometric analysis at 4 weeks revealed increased osteoblast number/bone surface (p < 0.001), bone formation rate (BFR) (p = 0.0001), and mineral apposition rate (MAR) (p < 0.0001) in the osteonecrotic side of the IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice. The number of osteoclast/bone surface was also increased in the IL-6 KO mice compared to the wild-type mice (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was observed between the control side of the wild-type and IL-6 KO mice with regards to the number of osteoblast or osteoclast/bone surface, BFR, and MAR. We next obtained primary osteoblasts from IL-6 KO mice and showed they expressed a significantly higher level of RANKL/OPG than wild-type mice (p = 0.001) in hypoxia culture condition. Taken together, the findings indicate that IL-6 deletion stimulates revascularization and new bone formation following ischemic osteonecrosis. This study provides new evidence that therapeutic strategies to block IL-6 may be beneficial for bone healing following ischemic osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Kuroyanagi
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Naga Suresh Adapala
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Ryosuke Yamaguchi
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA; Department of Orthopaedic and Spine Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kamiya
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA; Sports Medicine, Tenri University, Tenri 632-0071, Japan
| | - Zhuo Deng
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Olumide Aruwajoye
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Michael Kutschke
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Elena Chen
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Chanhee Jo
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Yinshi Ren
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA
| | - Harry K W Kim
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8883, USA.
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Prystaz K, Kaiser K, Kovtun A, Haffner-Luntzer M, Fischer V, Rapp AE, Liedert A, Strauss G, Waetzig GH, Rose-John S, Ignatius A. Distinct Effects of IL-6 Classic and Trans-Signaling in Bone Fracture Healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 188:474-490. [PMID: 29146294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing is a complex process with closely linked phases of inflammation, regeneration, and remodeling. IL-6 may crucially regulate this process; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. IL-6 signals are transmitted via the transmembrane glycoprotein 130 by two distinct mechanisms: classic signaling using the membrane-anchored IL-6 receptor and trans-signaling using its soluble form. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling have different functions during bone healing. To investigate fracture healing, 12-week-old C57BL/6J mice underwent a femur osteotomy. To study the function of IL-6 during the inflammatory phase, either an anti-IL-6 antibody, which inhibits IL-6 classic and trans-signaling, or soluble glycoprotein 130 fusion protein, which selectively blocks trans-signaling, was injected after 30 minutes and 48 hours. To analyze IL-6 effects in the repair phase, compounds were injected from day 7 onwards. Global IL-6 inhibition in the early phase after fracture reduced systemic inflammation, the recruitment of immune cells, and bone regeneration, resulting in delayed fracture healing. Global IL-6 inhibition during the repair phase disturbed bone formation and remodeling. In contrast, inhibition of IL-6 trans-signaling exerted minor effects on the immune response and did not influence bone repair, suggesting that the classic pathway accounts for most of the effects observed after global IL-6 inhibition. Our results reveal that IL-6 classic signaling, but not IL-6 trans-signaling, is essential for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Prystaz
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kaiser
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Kovtun
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Verena Fischer
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna E Rapp
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Astrid Liedert
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Center Ulm, Germany.
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Overexpression of OSM and IL-6 impacts the polarization of pro-fibrotic macrophages and the development of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13281. [PMID: 29038604 PMCID: PMC5643520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent evidence indicates that gp130 cytokines, Oncostatin M (OSM) and IL-6 are involved in alternative programming of macrophages, their role in lung fibrogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of transient adenoviral overexpression of OSM or IL-6 in mice during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Lung fibrosis and M2-like macrophage accumulation were assessed by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, gene expression and flow cytometry. Ex-vivo isolated alveolar and bone marrow-derived macrophages were examined for M2-like programming and signalling. Airway physiology measurements at day 21 demonstrated that overexpression of OSM or IL-6 exacerbated bleomycin-induced lung elastance, consistent with histopathological assessment of extracellular matrix and myofibroblast accumulation. Flow cytometry analysis at day 7 showed increased numbers of M2-like macrophages in lungs of mice exposed to bleomycin and OSM or IL-6. These macrophages expressed the IL-6Rα, but were deficient for OSMRβ, suggesting that IL-6, but not OSM, may directly induce alternative macrophage activation. In conclusion, the gp130 cytokines IL-6 and OSM contribute to the accumulation of profibrotic macrophages and enhancement of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. This study suggests that therapeutic strategies targeting these cytokines or their receptors may be beneficial to prevent the accumulation of M2-like macrophages and the progression of fibrotic lung disease.
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Zhang ZG, Chen YJ, Xiang LH, Pan JH, Wang Z, Xiao GG, Ju DH. Protective effect of Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract against alveolar bone loss in ovariectomized rats via regulation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1602-1610. [PMID: 28901385 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract (RDE) on preventing rat alveolar bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX), and to determine the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in this effect. Female Wistar rats were subjected to OVX or sham surgery. The rats that had undergone OVX were treated with RDE (RDE group), vehicle (OVX group) or 17β-estradiol subcutaneous injection (E2 group). Subsequently, bone metabolic activity was assessed by analyzing 3-D alveolar bone construction, bone mineral density, as well as the plasma biomarkers of bone turnover. The gene expression of alveolar bone in the OVX and RDE groups was evaluated by IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays, and differentially expressed genes were determined through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The inhibitory effect of RDE on alveolar bone loss in the OVX group was demonstrated in the study. In comparison with the OVX group, the RDE group exhibited 19 downregulated genes and 1 upregulated gene associated with the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in alveolar bone. Thus, RDE was shown to relieve OVX-induced alveolar bone loss in rats, an effect which was likely associated with decreased abnormal bone remodeling via regulation of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jing Chen
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Xiang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Hua Pan
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Gary Guishan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, P.R. China
| | - Da-Hong Ju
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
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Zhu S, Yao F, Qiu H, Zhang G, Xu H, Xu J. Coupling factors and exosomal packaging microRNAs involved in the regulation of bone remodelling. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:469-480. [PMID: 28795526 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodelling is a continuous process by which bone resorption by osteoclasts is followed by bone formation by osteoblasts to maintain skeletal homeostasis. These two forces must be tightly coordinated not only quantitatively, but also in time and space, and its malfunction leads to diseases such as osteoporosis. Recent research focusing on the cross-talk and coupling mechanisms associated with the sequential recruitment of osteoblasts to areas where osteoclasts have removed bone matrix have identified a number of osteogenic factors produced by the osteoclasts themselves. Osteoclast-derived factors and exosomal-containing microRNA (miRNA) can either enhance or inhibit osteoblast differentiation through paracrine and juxtacrine mechanisms, and therefore may have a central coupling role in bone formation. Entwined with angiocrine factors released by vessel-specific endothelial cells and perivascular cells or pericytes, these factors play a critical role in angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling essential in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.,Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Felix Yao
- Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.,Molecular Laboratory, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, M504, Australia
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Amirhosseini M, Andersson G, Aspenberg P, Fahlgren A. Mechanical instability and titanium particles induce similar transcriptomic changes in a rat model for periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening. Bone Rep 2017; 7:17-25. [PMID: 28795083 PMCID: PMC5544474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wear debris particles released from prosthetic bearing surfaces and mechanical instability of implants are two main causes of periprosthetic osteolysis. While particle-induced loosening has been studied extensively, mechanisms through which mechanical factors lead to implant loosening have been less investigated. This study compares the transcriptional profiles associated with osteolysis in a rat model for aseptic loosening, induced by either mechanical instability or titanium particles. Rats were exposed to mechanical instability or titanium particles. After 15 min, 3, 48 or 120 h from start of the stimulation, gene expression changes in periprosthetic bone tissue was determined by microarray analysis. Microarray data were analyzed by PANTHER Gene List Analysis tool and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Both types of osteolytic stimulation led to gene regulation in comparison to unstimulated controls after 3, 48 or 120 h. However, when mechanical instability was compared to titanium particles, no gene showed a statistically significant difference (fold change ≥ ± 1.5 and adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) at any time point. There was a remarkable similarity in numbers and functional classification of regulated genes. Pathway analysis showed several inflammatory pathways activated by both stimuli, including Acute Phase Response signaling, IL-6 signaling and Oncostatin M signaling. Quantitative PCR confirmed the changes in expression of key genes involved in osteolysis observed by global transcriptomics. Inflammatory mediators including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (Ptgs)2 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) showed strong upregulation, as assessed by both microarray and qPCR. By investigating genome-wide expression changes we show that, despite the different nature of mechanical implant instability and titanium particles, osteolysis seems to be induced through similar biological and signaling pathways in this rat model for aseptic loosening. Pathways associated to the innate inflammatory response appear to be a major driver for osteolysis. Our findings implicate early restriction of inflammation to be critical to prevent or mitigate osteolysis and aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Amirhosseini
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Corresponding author.
| | - Göran Andersson
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Per Aspenberg
- Orthopedics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Fahlgren
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Murakami K, Kobayashi Y, Uehara S, Suzuki T, Koide M, Yamashita T, Nakamura M, Takahashi N, Kato H, Udagawa N, Nakamura Y. A Jak1/2 inhibitor, baricitinib, inhibits osteoclastogenesis by suppressing RANKL expression in osteoblasts in vitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181126. [PMID: 28708884 PMCID: PMC5510865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinases (Jaks) are hubs in the signaling process of more than 50 cytokine or hormone receptors. However, the function of Jak in bone metabolism remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that the inhibition of Jak1 and/or Jak2 in osteoblast-lineage cells led to impaired osteoclastogenesis due to the reduced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Murine calvaria-derived osteoblasts induced differentiation of bone marrow cells into osteoclasts in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in vitro. However, treatment with the Jak1/2 inhibitor, baricitinib, markedly inhibited osteoclastogenesis in the co-culture. On the other hand, baricitinib did not inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow macrophages. These results indicated that baricitinib acted on osteoblasts, but not on bone marrow macrophages. Baricitinib suppressed 1,25D3 and PGE2-induced up-regulation of RANKL in osteoblasts, but not macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression. Moreover, the addition of recombinant RANKL to co-cultures completely rescued baricitinib-induced impairment of osteoclastogenesis. shRNA-mediated knockdown of Jak1 or Jak2 also suppressed RANKL expression in osteoblasts and inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Finally, cytokine array revealed that 1,25D3 and PGE2 stimulated secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-11, and leukemia inhibitory factor in the co-culture. Hence, Jak1 and Jak2 represent novel therapeutic targets for osteoporosis as well as inflammatory bone diseases including rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Murakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takako Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masanori Koide
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Teruhito Yamashita
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Midori Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takahashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Chakraborty A, Mukherjee S, Saha S, De S, Sengupta Bandyopadhyay S. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-mediated stabilization of leukemia inhibitory factor ( lif) mRNA: involvement of Nucleolin and PCBP1. Biochem J 2017; 474:2349-2363. [PMID: 28512205 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine involved in diverse biological activities, thereby requiring precise spatial and temporal control of its expression. The present study reveals that enhanced expression of LIF in response to PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) in human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 largely happens through stabilization of its mRNA. Functional characterization of the long 3'-untranslated region of human lif mRNA revealed several conserved sequences with conventional cis-acting elements. A 216 nucleotide containing proximal cis-element with two AUUUA pentamers and four poly-rC sequences demonstrated significant mRNA destabilizing potential, which, on treatment with PMA, showed stabilizing activity. Affinity chromatography followed by western blot and RNA co-immunoprecipitation of PMA-treated U937 extract identified Nucleolin and PCBP1 as two protein trans-factors interacting with lif mRNA, specifically to the proximal non-conventional AU-rich region. PMA induced nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of both Nucleolin and PCBP1. RNA-dependent in vivo co-association of both these proteins with lif mRNA was demonstrated by decreased co-precipitation in the presence of RNase. Ectopic overexpression of Nucleolin showed stabilization of both intrinsic lif mRNA and gfp reporter, whereas knockdown of Nucleolin and PCBP1 demonstrated a significant decrease in both lif mRNA and protein levels. Collectively, this report establishes the stabilization of lif mRNA by PMA, mediated by the interactions of two RNA-binding proteins, Nucleolin and PCBP1 with a proximal cis-element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Srimoyee Mukherjee
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sucharita Saha
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumasree De
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Jeffery V, Goldson AJ, Dainty JR, Chieppa M, Sobolewski A. IL-6 Signaling Regulates Small Intestinal Crypt Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:304-311. [PMID: 28550196 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gut homeostasis is a tightly regulated process requiring finely tuned complex interactions between different cell types, growth factors, or cytokines and their receptors. Previous work has implicated a role for IL-6 and mucosal immune cells in intestinal regeneration following injury and in promoting inflammation and cancer. We hypothesized that IL-6 signaling could also modulate crypt homeostasis. Using mouse in vitro crypt organoid and in vivo models, this study first demonstrated that exogenous IL-6 promoted crypt organoid proliferation and increased stem cell numbers through pSTAT3 activation in Paneth cells. Immunolabeling studies showed that the IL-6 receptor was restricted to the basal membrane of Paneth cells both in vitro and in vivo and that the crypt epithelium also expressed IL-6. Either a blocking Ab to the IL-6 receptor or a neutralizing Ab to IL-6 significantly reduced in vitro basal crypt organoid proliferation and budding, and in vivo significantly reduced the number of nuclei and the number of Lgr5EGFP-positive stem cells per crypt compared with IgG-treated mice, with the number of Paneth cells per crypt also significantly reduced. Functional studies demonstrated that IL-6-induced in vitro crypt organoid proliferation and crypt budding was abrogated by the Wnt inhibitor IWP2. This work demonstrates that autocrine IL-6 signaling in the gut epithelium regulates crypt homeostasis through the Paneth cells and the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jeffery
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.,School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Goldson
- Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Program, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Jack R Dainty
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom; and
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Institute of Research, Castellana Grotte 70013, Italy
| | - Anastasia Sobolewski
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom; .,School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.,Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Program, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Gomisin N, which is a lignan isolated from Schisandra chinensis, has some pharmacological effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of gomisin N on periodontal disease are uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gomisin N on inflammatory mediator production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLC). Gomisin N inhibited interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, CC chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, and CCL20 production in TNF-α-stimulated HPDLC in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we revealed that gomisin N could suppress extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in TNF-α-stimulated HPDLC though protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation was not suppressed by gomisin N treatment. In summary, gomisin N might exert anti-inflammatory effects by attenuating cytokine production in periodontal ligament cells via inhibiting the TNF-α-stimulated ERK and JNK pathways activation.
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Lazzerini PE, Capecchi PL, Guidelli GM, Selvi E, Acampa M, Laghi-Pasini F. Spotlight on sirukumab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: the evidence to date. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3083-3098. [PMID: 27713619 PMCID: PMC5044992 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s99898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease primarily affecting synovial joints and is characterized by persistent high-grade systemic inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6), are of crucial importance in the pathogenesis of the disease, driving both joint inflammation and extra-articular comorbidities. Tocilizumab, a humanized IL-6 receptor-inhibiting monoclonal antibody, has been the first, and, to date, the only, IL-6 inhibitor approved for the treatment of RA. Many studies have demonstrated the potency and effectiveness of tocilizumab in controlling disease activity and radiological progression of RA. These successful results have encouraged the development of novel IL-6 inhibitors, among which a promising agent is sirukumab (SRK), a human anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody currently under evaluation in Phase II/III studies in patients with RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, giant-cell arteritis, and major depressive disorder. The evidence to date indicates SRK as an effective and well-tolerated new therapeutic tool for patients with active RA, with some preliminary data suggesting a specific beneficial impact on relevant systemic complications associated with the disease, such as depression and cardiovascular disease. Conversely, although pathophysiological considerations make plausible the hypothesis that IL-6 blockade with SRK may also be beneficial in the treatment of many diseases other than RA (either autoimmune or not), available clinical data in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus do not seem to support this view, also giving rise to potentially relevant concerns about drug safety. If large Phase III clinical trials currently in progress in patients with RA confirm the efficacy and tolerability of SRK, then in the long term, this drug could, in the near future, occupy a place in the treatment of the disease, potentially also opening the doors to a more extended use of SRK in a wide range of disorders in which IL-6 plays a key pathogenic role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Enrico Selvi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena
| | | | - Franco Laghi-Pasini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena
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Burger R, Günther A, Klausz K, Staudinger M, Peipp M, Penas EMM, Rose-John S, Wijdenes J, Gramatzki M. Due to interleukin-6 type cytokine redundancy only glycoprotein 130 receptor blockade efficiently inhibits myeloma growth. Haematologica 2016; 102:381-390. [PMID: 27658435 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.145060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 has an important role in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma where it supports the growth and survival of the malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. It belongs to a family of cytokines which use the glycoprotein 130 chain for signal transduction, such as oncostatin M or leukemia inhibitory factor. Targeting interleukin-6 in plasma cell diseases is currently evaluated in clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies. Here, efforts were made to elucidate the contribution of interleukin-6 and glycoprotein 130 signaling in malignant plasma cell growth in vivo In the xenograft severe combined immune deficiency model employing our interleukin-6-dependent plasma cell line INA-6, the lack of human interleukin-6 induced autocrine interleukin-6 production and a proliferative response to other cytokines of the glycoprotein 130 family. Herein, mice were treated with monoclonal antibodies against human interleukin-6 (elsilimomab/B-E8), the interleukin-6 receptor (B-R6), and with an antibody blocking glycoprotein 130 (B-R3). While treatment of mice with interleukin-6 and interleukin-6 receptor antibodies resulted in a modest delay in tumor growth, the development of plasmacytomas was completely prevented with the anti-glycoprotein 130 antibody. Importantly, complete inhibition was also achieved using F(ab')2-fragments of monoclonal antibody B-R3. Tumors harbor activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and in vitro, the antibody inhibited leukemia inhibitory factor stimulated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation and cell growth, while being less effective against interleukin-6. In conclusion, the growth of INA-6 plasmacytomas in vivo under interleukin-6 withdrawal remains strictly dependent on glycoprotein 130, and other glycoprotein 130 cytokines may substitute for interleukin-6. Antibodies against glycoprotein 130 are able to overcome this redundancy and should be explored for a possible therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Burger
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katja Klausz
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Staudinger
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Peipp
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Maria Murga Penas
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | | | - Martin Gramatzki
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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38
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Walker EC, Johnson RW, Hu Y, Brennan HJ, Poulton IJ, Zhang JG, Jenkins BJ, Smyth GK, Nicola NA, Sims NA. Murine Oncostatin M Acts via Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor to Phosphorylate Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) but Not STAT1, an Effect That Protects Bone Mass. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21703-21716. [PMID: 27539849 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.748483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are IL-6 family members with a wide range of biological functions. Human OSM (hOSM) and murine LIF (mLIF) act in mouse cells via a LIF receptor (LIFR)-glycoprotein 130 (gp130) heterodimer. In contrast, murine OSM (mOSM) signals mainly via an OSM receptor (OSMR)-gp130 heterodimer and binds with only very low affinity to mLIFR. hOSM and mLIF stimulate bone remodeling by both reducing osteocytic sclerostin and up-regulating the pro-osteoclastic factor receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in osteoblasts. In the absence of OSMR, mOSM still strongly suppressed sclerostin and stimulated bone formation but did not induce RANKL, suggesting that intracellular signaling activated by the low affinity interaction of mOSM with mLIFR is different from the downstream effects when mLIF or hOSM interacts with the same receptor. Both STAT1 and STAT3 were activated by mOSM in wild type cells or by mLIF/hOSM in wild type and Osmr-/- cells. In contrast, in Osmr-/- primary osteocyte-like cells stimulated with mOSM (therefore acting through mLIFR), microarray expression profiling and Western blotting analysis identified preferential phosphorylation of STAT3 and induction of its target genes but not of STAT1 and its target genes; this correlated with reduced phosphorylation of both gp130 and LIFR. In a mouse model of spontaneous osteopenia caused by hyperactivation of STAT1/3 signaling downstream of gp130 (gp130Y757F/Y757F), STAT1 deletion rescued the osteopenic phenotype, indicating a beneficial effect of promoting STAT3 signaling over STAT1 downstream of gp130 in this low bone mass condition, and this may have therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Walker
- From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Yifang Hu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Holly J Brennan
- From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Ingrid J Poulton
- From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Medical Biology, and
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia, and
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Departments of Mathematics and Statistics
| | - Nicos A Nicola
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Medical Biology, and
| | - Natalie A Sims
- From the St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia, .,Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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39
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Toll-Like Receptor 2 Stimulation of Osteoblasts Mediates Staphylococcus Aureus Induced Bone Resorption and Osteoclastogenesis through Enhanced RANKL. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156708. [PMID: 27311019 PMCID: PMC4911171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections pose an immense threat to population health and constitute a great burden for the health care worldwide. Inter alia, S. aureus septic arthritis is a disease with high mortality and morbidity caused by destruction of the infected joints and systemic bone loss, osteoporosis. Toll-Like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune cell receptors recognizing a variety of microbial molecules and structures. S. aureus recognition via TLR2 initiates a signaling cascade resulting in production of various cytokines, but the mechanisms by which S. aureus causes rapid and excessive bone loss are still unclear. We, therefore, investigated how S. aureus regulates periosteal/endosteal osteoclast formation and bone resorption. S. aureus stimulation of neonatal mouse parietal bone induced ex vivo bone resorption and osteoclastic gene expression. This effect was associated with increased mRNA and protein expression of receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) without significant change in osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression. Bone resorption induced by S. aureus was abolished by OPG. S. aureus increased the expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines and prostaglandins in the parietal bones but the stimulatory effect of S. aureus on bone resorption and Tnfsf11 mRNA expression was independent of these cytokines and prostaglandins. Stimulation of isolated periosteal osteoblasts with S. aureus also resulted in increased expression of Tnfsf11 mRNA, an effect lost in osteoblasts from Tlr2 knockout mice. S. aureus stimulated osteoclastogenesis in isolated periosteal cells without affecting RANKL-stimulated resorption. In contrast, S. aureus inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation in bone marrow macrophages. These data show that S. aureus enhances bone resorption and periosteal osteoclast formation by increasing osteoblast RANKL production through TLR2. Our study indicates the importance of using different in vitro approaches for studies of how S. aureus regulates osteoclastogenesis to obtain better understanding of the complex mechanisms of S. aureus induced bone destruction in vivo.
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40
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Dams-Kozlowska H, Kwiatkowska-Borowczyk E, Gryska K, Lewandowska A, Marszalek A, Adamczyk S, Kowalik A, Leporowska E, Mackiewicz A. Effects of Designer Hyper-Interleukin 11 (H11) on Hematopoiesis in Myelosuppressed Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154520. [PMID: 27144685 PMCID: PMC4856347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is constantly increasing. Chemo/radiotherapy is one of major methods of treating cancer. Although adverse chemo/radiotherapy events, such as anemia and neutropenia, can be successfully cured, thrombocytopenia is still problematic. We constructed the Hyper-IL11 (H11) cytokine by linking soluble interleukin 11 receptor alpha (sIL-11Ralpha) with IL-11. In vivo H11 activity was examined in myelosuppressed mice. Myelosuppression was induced by either i) sublethal irradiation and carboplatin administration or ii) sublethal irradiation. A dose of 100 μg/kg of H11 or IL-11 was administered subcutaneously for 7 days. IL-11 and H11 accelerated leukocyte, hematocrit and platelet recovery. The effect on the attenuation of thrombocytopenia was significant. Moreover, both cytokines increased the cellularity and numbers of megakaryocyte, erythroid, and granulocyte/macrophage progenitors in the bone morrow and spleen compared with the control. Although H11 was administered at a molar concentration that was three times lower, its effects were comparable with or better than those of IL-11; thus, the activity of H11 was superior to that of IL-11. Because no toxicity was observed after the intravenous administration of H11, this hyper-cytokine may be potentially useful for treatment of thrombocytopenia and other IL-11-dependent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Eliza Kwiatkowska-Borowczyk
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gryska
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Lewandowska
- Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylactics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylactics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sebastian Adamczyk
- Department of Medical Physics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Kowalik
- Department of Medical Physics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Leporowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mackiewicz
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
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41
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Wu R, Wang W, Huang G, Mao X, Chen Y, Tang Q, Liao L. Endothelin‑1 induces oncostatin M expression in osteoarthritis osteoblasts by trans‑activating the oncostatin M gene promoter via Ets‑1. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3559-66. [PMID: 26934912 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) contributes to cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis (OA) and was demonstrated to be expressed in OA osteoblasts. Endothelin‑1 (ET‑1) is implicated in the degradation of OA articular cartilage, and osteoblast proliferation and bone development. In the present study, the effects of ET‑1 on OSM expression in human OA osteoblasts were investigated, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. Primary human OA osteoblasts were treated with ET‑1 (1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 nM) for 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h with or without the selective ETA receptor (ETAR) antagonist, BQ123, ETB receptor antagonist, BQ788 or the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, BKM120. ET‑1 treatment induced OSM mRNA expression, and the intracellular and secreted protein levels of OA osteoblasts in a dose‑dependent manner. This effect was suppressed by BQ123 and BKM120, but not BQ788 administration. In combination with electrophoretic mobility shift assays, deletional and mutational analyses on the activity of a human OSM promoter/luciferase reporter demonstrated that ET‑1 induced OSM expression in OA osteoblasts by trans‑activating the OSM gene promoter through specific binding of Ets‑1 to an Ets‑1 binding site in the OSM promoter in an ETAR‑ and PI3K‑dependent manner. Furthermore, ET‑1 treatment increased the expression of Ets‑1 in a dose‑dependent manner, however the knockdown of Ets‑1 suppressed the ET1‑induced expression of OSM in OA osteoblasts. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that ET‑1 induces the expression of OSM in OA osteoblasts by trans‑activating the OSM gene promoter primarily through increasing the expression level of Ets‑1 in an ETAR‑ and PI3K‑dependent manner. The current study suggested novel insights into the mechanistic role of ET‑1 in the pathophysiology of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhan Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - You Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Lele Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Abstract
IL-11 is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines. While it was discovered over 20 years ago, we have very little understanding of the role of IL-11 during normal homeostasis and disease. Recently, IL-11 has gained interest for its newly recognized role in the pathogenesis of diseases that are attributed to deregulated mucosal homeostasis, including gastrointestinal cancers. IL-11 can increase the tumorigenic capacity of cells, including survival of the cell or origin, proliferation of cancerous cells and survival of metastatic cells at distant organs. Here we outline our current understanding of IL-11 biology and recent advances in our understanding of its role in cancer. We advocate that inhibition of IL-11 signaling may represent an emerging therapeutic opportunity for numerous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Putoczki
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research & Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
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43
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Johnson RW, McGregor NE, Brennan HJ, Crimeen-Irwin B, Poulton IJ, Martin TJ, Sims NA. Glycoprotein130 (Gp130)/interleukin-6 (IL-6) signalling in osteoclasts promotes bone formation in periosteal and trabecular bone. Bone 2015; 81:343-351. [PMID: 26255596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-11 (IL-11) receptors (IL-6R and IL-11R, respectively) are both expressed in osteoclasts and transduce signal via the glycoprotein130 (gp130) co-receptor, but the physiological role of this pathway is unclear. To determine the critical roles of gp130 signalling in the osteoclast, we generated mice using cathepsin K Cre (CtskCre) to disrupt gp130 signalling in osteoclasts. Bone marrow macrophages from CtskCre.gp130(f/f) mice generated more osteoclasts in vitro than cells from CtskCre.gp130(w/w) mice; these osteoclasts were also larger and had more nuclei than controls. While no increase in osteoclast numbers was observed in vivo, osteoclasts on trabecular bone surfaces of CtskCre.gp130(f/f) mice were more spread out than in control mice, but had no functional defect detectable by serum CTX1 levels or trabecular bone cartilage remnants. However, trabecular osteoblast number and mineralising surfaces were significantly lower in male CtskCre.gp130(f/f) mice compared to controls, and this was associated with a significantly lower trabecular bone volume at 12 weeks of age. Furthermore, CtskCre.gp130(f/f) mice exhibited greatly suppressed periosteal bone formation at this age, indicated by significant reductions in both double-labelled surface and mineral apposition rate. By 26 weeks of age, CtskCre.gp130(f/f) mice exhibited narrower femora, with lower periosteal and endocortical perimeters than CtskCre.gp130(w/w) controls. Since IL-6 and IL-11R global knockout mice exhibited a similar reduction in femoral width, we also assessed periosteal bone formation in those strains, and found bone forming surfaces were also reduced in male IL-6 null mice. These data suggest that IL-6/gp130 signalling in the osteoclast is not essential for normal bone resorption in vivo, but maintains both trabecular and periosteal bone formation in male mice by promoting osteoblast activity through the stimulation of osteoclast-derived "coupling factors" and "osteotransmitters", respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Holly J Brennan
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ingrid J Poulton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - T John Martin
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
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44
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Frenkel B, White W, Tuckermann J. Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26215995 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2895-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is among the most devastating side effects of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy for the management of inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Evidence from both humans and mice indicate deleterious skeletal effects within weeks of pharmacological GC administration, both related and unrelated to a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoclast numbers and bone resorption are also rapidly increased, and together with osteoblast inactivation and decreased bone formation, these changes lead the fastest loss in BMD during the initial disease phase. Bone resorption then decreases to sub-physiological levels, but persistent and severe inhibition of bone formation leads to further bone loss and progressively increased fracture risk, up to an order of magnitude higher than that observed in untreated individuals. Bone forming osteoblasts are thus considered the main culprits in GC-induced osteoporosis (GIO). Accordingly, we focus this review primarily on deleterious effects on osteoblasts: inhibition of cell replication and function and acceleration of apoptosis. Mediating these adverse effects, GCs target pivotal regulatory mechanisms that govern osteoblast growth, differentiation and survival. Specifically, GCs inhibit growth factor pathways, including Insulin Growth Factors, Growth Hormone, Hepatocyte Growth/Scatter Factor and IL6-type cytokines. They also inhibit downstream kinases, including PI3-kinase and the MAP kinase ERK, the latter attributable in part to direct transcriptional stimulation of MAP kinase phosphatase 1. Most importantly, however, GCs inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in osteoblast replication, function and survival. They transcriptionally stimulate expression of Wnt inhibitors of both the Dkk and Sfrp families, and they induce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which result in loss of ß-catenin to ROS-activated FoxO transcription factors. Identification of dissociated GCs, which would suppress the immune system without causing osteoporosis, is proving more challenging than initially thought, and GIO is currently managed by co-treatment with bisphosphonates or PTH. These drugs, however, are not ideally suited for GIO. Future therapeutic approaches may aim at GC targets such as those mentioned above, or newly identified targets including the Notch pathway, the AP-1/Il11 axis and the osteoblast master regulator RUNX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Frenkel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-240, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA,
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45
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Ciliary neurotrophic factor has intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating B cell differentiation and bone structure. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15529. [PMID: 26487326 PMCID: PMC4614391 DOI: 10.1038/srep15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gp130 receptor and its binding partners play a central role in cytokine signalling. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is one of the cytokines that signals through the gp130 receptor complex. CNTF has previously been shown to be a negative regulator of trabecular bone remodelling and important for motor neuron development. Since haematopoietic cell maintenance and differentiation is dependent on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, where cells of the osteoblastic lineage are important regulators, we hypothesised that CNTF may also have important roles in regulating haematopoiesis. Analysis of haematopoietic parameters in male and female Cntf−/− mice at 12 and 24 weeks of age revealed altered B lymphopoiesis. Strikingly, the B lymphocyte phenotype differed based on sex, age and also the BM microenvironment in which the B cells develop. When BM cells from wildtype mice were transplanted into Cntf−/− mice, there were minimal effects on B lymphopoiesis or bone parameters. However, when Cntf−/− BM cells were transplanted into a wildtype BM microenvironment, there were changes in both haematopoiesis and bone parameters. Our data reveal that haematopoietic cell-derived CNTF has roles in regulating BM B cell lymphopoiesis and both trabecular and cortical bone, the latter in a sex-dependent manner.
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Sims NA. Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1) and neuropoietin (NP) signalling and their roles in development, adulthood, cancer and degenerative disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kassem A, Henning P, Kindlund B, Lindholm C, Lerner UH. TLR5, a novel mediator of innate immunity-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. FASEB J 2015. [PMID: 26207027 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-272559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence points to the importance of the innate immune system in inflammation-induced bone loss in infectious and autoimmune diseases. TLRs are well known for being activated by ligands expressed by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Recent findings indicate that also endogenous ligands in inflammatory processes are important, one being a TLR5 agonist present in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We found that activation of TLR5 by its specific ligand, flagellin, caused robust osteoclast formation and bone loss in cultured mouse neonatal parietal bones dependent on increased receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL):osteoprotegerin ratio, with half-maximal stimulation at 0.01 μg/ml. Flagellin enhanced Rankl mRNA in isolated osteoblasts by a myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 and NF-κB-dependent mechanism. Injection of flagellin locally over skull bones in 5-wk-old mice resulted in increased mRNA expression of Rankl and osteoclastic genes, robust osteoclast formation, and bone loss. The effects in vitro and in vivo were absent in Tlr5(-/-) mice. These data show that TLR5 is a novel activator of RANKL and osteoclast formation and, therefore, a potential key factor in inflammation-induced bone erosions in diseases like RA, reactive arthritis, and periodontitis. TLR5 might be a promising novel treatment target for prevention of inflammatory bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kassem
- *Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, and Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- *Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, and Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bert Kindlund
- *Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, and Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lindholm
- *Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, and Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- *Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, and Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Goyden J, Tawara K, Hedeen D, Willey JS, Thom Oxford J, Jorcyk CL. The Effect of OSM on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells in Simulated Microgravity with Radiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127230. [PMID: 26030441 PMCID: PMC4452373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone deterioration is a challenge in long-term spaceflight with significant connections to patients experiencing disuse bone loss. Prolonged unloading and radiation exposure, defining characteristics of space travel, have both been associated with changes in inflammatory signaling via IL-6 class cytokines in bone. While there is also evidence for perturbed IL-6 class signaling in spaceflight, there has been scant examination of the connections between microgravity, radiation, and inflammatory stimuli in bone. Our lab and others have shown that the IL-6 class cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) is an important regulator of bone remodeling. We hypothesize that simulated microgravity alters osteoblast OSM signaling, contributing to the decoupling of osteolysis and osteogenesis in bone homeostasis. To test this hypothesis, we induced OSM signaling in murine MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells cultured in modeled microgravity using a rotating wall vessel bioreactor with and without exposure to radiation typical of a solar particle event. We measured effects on inflammatory signaling, osteoblast activity, and mineralization. Results indicated time dependent interactions among all conditions in the regulation of IL-6 production. Furthermore, OSM induced the transcription of OSM receptor ß, IL 6 receptor α subunits, collagen α1(I), osteocalcin, sclerostin, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin. Measurements of osteoid mineralization suggest that the spatial organization of the osteoblast environment is an important consideration in understanding bone formation. Taken together, these results support a role for altered OSM signaling in the mechanism of microgravity-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Goyden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
| | - Ken Tawara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
| | - Danielle Hedeen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey S. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, United States of America
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
| | - Cheryl L. Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fan JZ, Yang X, Bi ZG. The effects of 6-gingerol on proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:637-43. [PMID: 25923459 PMCID: PMC4512103 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether 6-gingerol affects the maturation and proliferation of
osteoblast-like MG63 cells in vitro. Osteoblast-like MG63 cells were
treated with 6-gingerol under control conditions, and experimental inflammation was
induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Expression of different osteogenic
markers and cytokines was analyzed by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme
activity and biomineralization as markers for differentiation were measured.
Treatment with 6-gingerol resulted in insignificant effects on the proliferation
rate. 6-Gingerol induced the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells with increased
transcription levels of osteogenic markers, upregulated ALP enzyme activity, and
enhanced mineralized nodule formation. Stimulation with TNF-α led to enhanced
interleukin-6 and nuclear factor-κB expression and downregulated markers of
osteoblastic differentiation. 6-Gingerol reduced the degree of inflammation in
TNF-α-treated MG-63 cells. In conclusion, 6-gingerol stimulated osteoblast
differentiation in normal physiological and inflammatory settings, and therefore,
6-gingerol represents a promising agent for treating osteoporosis or bone
inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medicine University, Harbin, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medicine University, Harbin, China
| | - Z G Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medicine University, Harbin, China
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Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract protects against alveolar bone loss in ovariectomized rats via microRNAs regulation. Nutrients 2015; 7:1333-51. [PMID: 25690421 PMCID: PMC4344591 DOI: 10.3390/nu7021333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteoprotective effect of aqueous Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract (RDE) on the alveolar bone of rats with ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Female Wistar rats underwent either ovariectomy or sham operation (SHAM). The ovariectomized (OVX) rats were treated with vehicle (OVX), estradiol valerate (EV), or RDE. After treatments, the bone mineral density (BMD) and the three-dimensional microarchitecture of the alveolar bone were analyzed to assess bone mass. Microarrays were used to evaluate microRNA expression profiles in alveolar bone from RDE-treated and OVX rats. The differential expression of microRNAs was validated using real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and the target genes of validated microRNAs were predicted and further analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The key findings were verified using qRT-PCR. Our results show that RDE inhibits alveolar bone loss in OVX rats. Compared to the OVX rats, the RDE-treated rats showed upregulated expression levels of 8 microRNAs and downregulated expression levels of 8 microRNAs in the alveolar bone in the microarray analysis. qRT-PCR helped validate 13 of 16 differentially expressed microRNAs, and 114 putative target genes of the validated microRNAs were retrieved. The IPA showed that these putative target genes had the potential to code for proteins that were involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)/Smad signaling pathway (Tgfbr2/Bmpr2, Smad3/4/5, and Bcl-2) and interleukin (IL)-6/oncostatin M (OSM)/Jak1/STAT3 signaling pathway (Jak1, STAT3, and Il6r). These experiments revealed that RDE could inhibit ovariectomy-induced alveolar bone loss in rats. The mechanism of this anti-osteopenic effect in alveolar bone may involve the simultaneous inhibition of bone formation and bone resorption, which is associated with modulation of the TGF-β/BMPs/Smad and the IL-6/OSM/Jak1/STAT3 signaling pathways via microRNA regulation.
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