1
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Gutiérrez-Santiago F, Martínez-Fernández V, Garrido-Godino AI, Colino-Palomino C, Clemente-Blanco A, Conesa C, Acker J, Navarro F. Maf1 phosphorylation is regulated through the action of prefoldin-like Bud27 on PP4 phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:7081-7095. [PMID: 38864693 PMCID: PMC11229332 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bud27 is a prefoldin-like protein that participates in transcriptional regulation mediated by the three RNA polymerases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Lack of Bud27 significantly affects RNA pol III transcription, although the involved mechanisms have not been characterized. Here, we show that Bud27 regulates the phosphorylation state of the RNA pol III transcriptional repressor, Maf1, influences its nuclear localization, and likely its activity. We demonstrate that Bud27 is associated with the Maf1 main phosphatase PP4 in vivo, and that this interaction is required for proper Maf1 dephosphorylation. Lack of Bud27 decreases the interaction among PP4 and Maf1, Maf1 dephosphorylation, and its nuclear entry. Our data uncover a new nuclear function of Bud27, identify PP4 as a novel Bud27 interactor and demonstrate the effect of this prefoldin-like protein on the posttranslational regulation of Maf1. Finally, our data reveal a broader effect of Bud27 on PP4 activity by influencing, at least, the phosphorylation of Rad53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gutiérrez-Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética; Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
| | - Verónica Martínez-Fernández
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética; Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Garrido-Godino
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética; Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
| | - Cristina Colino-Palomino
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética; Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Christine Conesa
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joël Acker
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Francisco Navarro
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética; Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva (INUO). Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071. Jaén, Spain
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2
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Mei Y, Wang NN. New insights into the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis during leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 38840567 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Mei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ning Ning Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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3
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Liang Z, Sun G, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Qin S, Lv S, Ding J, Zhang Q, Xia Y, Lu D. Protein phosphatase 4 mediates palmitic acid-induced endothelial dysfunction by decreasing eNOS phosphorylation at serine 633 in HUVECs. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113998. [PMID: 38513962 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Plasma saturated free fatty acid (FFA)-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED) contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying saturated FFA-induced ED remains unclear. This study demonstrated that palmitic acid (PA) induced ED by activating the NADPH oxidase (NOX)/ROS signaling pathway to activate protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby reducing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177, respectively. Okadaic acid (OA) and fostriecin (FST), which are inhibitors of PP2A, inhibited the PA-induced decreases in eNOS phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177. The antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and apocynin (APO) or knockdown of gp91phox or p67phox (NOX subunits) restored PA-mediated downregulation of PP4R2 protein expression and eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation. Knockdown of the PP4 catalytic subunit (PP4c) specifically increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, while silencing the PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) restored only eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation. Furthermore, PA dramatically decreased the protein expression of the PP4 regulatory subunit R2 (PP4R2) but not the other regulatory subunits. PP4R2 overexpression increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell migration and tube formation but did not change eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation levels. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) suggested that PP4R2 and PP4c interacted with the PP4R3α and eNOS proteins. In summary, PA decreases PP4R2 protein expression through the Nox/ROS pathway to activate PP4, which contributes to ED by dephosphorylating eNOS at Ser633. The results of this study suggest that PP4 is a novel therapeutic target for ED and ED-associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sha Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Deqin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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4
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He Z, Zhong Y, Lv T, Wang J, Jin Y, Li F, Hu H. PP4R1 promotes glycolysis and gallbladder cancer progression through facilitating ERK1/2 mediated PKM2 nuclear translocation. Cancer Lett 2024; 586:216677. [PMID: 38301910 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a common solid tumor of the biliary tract with a high mortality rate and limited curative benefits from surgical resection. Here, we aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of GBC from the perspective of molecular mechanisms and determined that protein phosphatase 4 regulator subunit 1 (PP4R1) is overexpressed in GBC tissues and contributes to poor prognosis. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that PP4R1 overexpression improved tumorigenesis in GBC cells. Further mechanistic exploration revealed that PP4R1 directly interacts with pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2), a key regulator of glycolysis. PP4R1 promotes the extracellular signal-related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2)-mediated PKM2 nuclear translocation, thereby participating in the regulation of tumor glycolysis. Interestingly, we determined that PP4R1 strengthens the interaction between ERK1/2 and PKM2. Furthermore, PP4R1 enhanced the suppressive effects of the ERK inhibitor SCH772984 on GBC. In conclusion, our data showed that PP4R1 is a promising biomarker associated with GBC and confirmed that PP4R1 regulates PKM2-mediated tumor glycolysis, which provides a metabolic growth advantage to GBC cells, thereby promoting GBC tumor growth and metastasis1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang He
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yuhan Zhong
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tianrun Lv
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yanwen Jin
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Fuyu Li
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Haijie Hu
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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5
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Zhu X, Chen X, Shen X, Liu Y, Fu W, Wang B, Zhao L, Yang F, Mo N, Zhong G, Jiang S, Yang Z. PP4R1 accelerates the malignant progression of NSCLC via up-regulating HSPA6 expression and HSPA6-mediated ER stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119588. [PMID: 37739270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) plays an indispensable regulatory part in the development and malignant progression of multifarious tumors. Nevertheless, the function of protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1), a vital regulatory subunit of PP4, in tumors especially in lung cancer remains blurred. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of PP4R1 in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analyzed the clinical correlation of PP4R1 based on the TCGA database by UALCAN (https://ualcan.path.uab.edu/index.html) and found that hyper-expression of PP4R1 mRNA was related to the severe prognosis in NSCLC. The subsequent cellular experiments confirmed that the proliferation, colony growth, migration as well as invasion of H1299 and HCC827 were significantly enhanced after PP4R1 overexpression treatment in vitro. Results from animal experiments pointed out that tumors exhibited stronger growth and lung metastatic capacities due to the overexpression of PP4R1. The bioinformatics analysis, including RNA-seq, showed us that PP4R1 significantly promoted the expression of several HSP70 family member genes, with a particularly marked increase in HSPA6, and the enrichment analyses illustrated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in those pathways related to protein folding. More importantly, the overexpression of HSPA6 resulted in the same malignant progression of NSCLC as PP4R1 overexpression, and both concomitant with the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In aggregate, PP4R1 contributed to the malignant progression of NSCLC via up-regulating HSPA6 expression and then activating ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunxia Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liting Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuzhi Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nianping Mo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Park J, Lee DH. Protein phosphatase 4 dephosphorylates phosphofructokinase-1 to regulate its enzymatic activity. BMB Rep 2023; 56:618-623. [PMID: 37605615 PMCID: PMC10689085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer cells utilize glucose at a high rate to produce energyand precursors for the biosynthesis of macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. This phenomenon is called the Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis- this distinct characteristic is an attractive target for developing anticancer drugs. Here, we found that Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is a substrate of the Protein Phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit (PP4C)/PP4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1) complex by using immunoprecipitation and in vitro assay. While manipulation of PP4C/PP4R1 does not have a critical impact on PFK-1 expression, the absence of the PP4C/PP4R1 complex increases PFK-1 activity. Although PP4C depletion or overexpression does not cause a dramatic change in the overall glycolytic rate, PP4R1 depletion induces a considerable increase in both basal and compensatory glycolytic rates, as well as the oxygen consumption rate, indicating oxidative phosphorylation. Collectively, the PP4C/PP4R1 complex regulates PFK-1 activity by reversing its phosphorylation and is a promising candidate for treating glycolytic disorders and cancers. Targeting PP4R1 could be a more efficient and safer strategy to avoid pleiotropic effects than targeting PP4C directly. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(11): 618-623].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehong Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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7
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Loh JT, Teo JKH, Kannan S, Verma CS, Andiappan AK, Lim HH, Lam KP. DOK3 promotes atopic dermatitis by enabling the phosphatase PP4C to inhibit the T cell signaling mediator CARD11. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadg5171. [PMID: 37906628 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg5171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The scaffolding protein CARD11 is a critical mediator of antigen receptor signaling in lymphocytes. Hypomorphic (partial loss-of-function) mutations in CARD11 are associated with the development of severe atopic dermatitis, in which T cell receptor signaling is reduced and helper T cell differentiation is skewed to an allergy-associated type 2 phenotype. Here, we found that the docking protein DOK3 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by suppressing CARD11 activity. DOK3 interacted with CARD11 and decreased its phosphorylation in T cells by recruiting the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 4, thereby dampening downstream signaling. Knocking out Dok3 enhanced the production of the cytokine IFN-γ by T cells, which conferred protection against experimental atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice. The expression of DOK3 was increased in T cells isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis and inversely correlated with IFNG expression. A subset of hypomorphic CARD11 variants found in patients with atopic dermatitis bound more strongly than wild-type CARD11 to DOK3. Our findings suggest that the strength of the interaction of DOK3 with CARD11 may predispose individuals to developing atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tong Loh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joey Kay Hui Teo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Srinivasaraghavan Kannan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Republic of Singapore
| | - Anand Kumar Andiappan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hong-Hwa Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Republic of Singapore
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8
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Huang Z, Cao H, Wang H, Huang P, Wang J, Cai Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Wang J, Liu X, Lin F, Lu J. The triglyceride catabolism regulated by a serine/threonine protein phosphatase, Smek1, is required for development and plant infection in Magnaporthe oryzae. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:1256-1272. [PMID: 37357820 PMCID: PMC10502837 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae is a pathogenic fungus that seriously harms rice production. Phosphatases and carbon metabolism play crucial roles in the growth and development of eukaryotes. However, it remains unclear how serine/threonine phosphatases regulate the catabolism of triglycerides, a major form of stored lipids. In this study, we identified a serine/threonine protein phosphatase regulatory subunit, Smek1, which is required for the growth, conidiation, and virulence of M. oryzae. Deletion of SMEK1 led to defects in the utilization of lipids, arabinose, glycerol, and ethanol. In glucose medium, the expression of genes involved in lipolysis, long-chain fatty acid degradation, β-oxidation, and the glyoxylate cycle increased in the Δsmek1 mutant, which is consistent with ΔcreA in which a carbon catabolite repressor CREA was deleted. In lipid medium, the expression of genes involved in long-chain fatty acid degradation, β-oxidation, the glyoxylate cycle, and utilization of arabinose, ethanol, or glycerol decreased in the Δsmek1 mutant, which is consistent with Δcrf1 in which a transcription activator CRF1 required for carbon metabolism was deleted. Lipase activity, however, increased in the Δsmek1 mutant in both glucose and lipid media. Moreover, Smek1 directly interacted with CreA and Crf1, and dephosphorylated CreA and Crf1 in vivo. The phosphatase Smek1 is therefore a dual-function regulator of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and controls fungal development and virulence by coordinating the functions of CreA and Crf1 in carbon catabolite repression (CCR) and derepression (CCDR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huijuan Cao
- Institute of Plant ProtectionJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | | | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Ying‐Ying Cai
- Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Hong Liu
- Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Fu‐Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
- Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianping Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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9
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Réthi-Nagy Z, Ábrahám E, Sinka R, Juhász S, Lipinszki Z. Protein Phosphatase 4 Is Required for Centrobin Function in DNA Damage Repair. Cells 2023; 12:2219. [PMID: 37759442 PMCID: PMC10526779 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome stability in human cells relies on the efficient repair of double-stranded DNA breaks, which is mainly achieved by homologous recombination (HR). Among the regulators of various cellular functions, Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) plays a pivotal role in coordinating cellular response to DNA damage. Meanwhile, Centrobin (CNTRB), initially recognized for its association with centrosomal function and microtubule dynamics, has sparked interest due to its potential contribution to DNA repair processes. In this study, we investigate the involvement of PP4 and its interaction with CNTRB in HR-mediated DNA repair in human cells. Employing a range of experimental strategies, we investigate the physical interaction between PP4 and CNTRB and shed light on the importance of two specific motifs in CNTRB, the PP4-binding FRVP and the ATR kinase recognition SQ sequences, in the DNA repair process. Moreover, we examine cells depleted of PP4 or CNTRB and cells harboring FRVP and SQ mutations in CNTRB, which result in similar abnormal chromosome morphologies. This phenomenon likely results from the impaired resolution of Holliday junctions, which serve as crucial intermediates in HR. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the intricate mechanisms of PP4 and CNTRB-regulated HR repair and their interrelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsánna Réthi-Nagy
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Ábrahám
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- National Laboratory for Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Sinka
- Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Szilvia Juhász
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Lipinszki
- MTA SZBK Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.R.-N.); (E.Á.)
- National Laboratory for Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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10
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Rasti G, Becker M, Vazquez BN, Espinosa-Alcantud M, Fernández-Duran I, Gámez-García A, Ianni A, Gonzalez J, Bosch-Presegué L, Marazuela-Duque A, Guitart-Solanes A, Segura-Bayona S, Bech-Serra JJ, Scher M, Serrano L, Shankavaram U, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Reinberg D, Olivella M, Stracker T, de la Torre C, Vaquero A. SIRT1 regulates DNA damage signaling through the PP4 phosphatase complex. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:6754-6769. [PMID: 37309898 PMCID: PMC10359614 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent enzymes plays an important role in maintaining genome stability upon stress. Several mammalian Sirtuins have been linked directly or indirectly to the regulation of DNA damage during replication through Homologous recombination (HR). The role of one of them, SIRT1, is intriguing as it seems to have a general regulatory role in the DNA damage response (DDR) that has not yet been addressed. SIRT1-deficient cells show impaired DDR reflected in a decrease in repair capacity, increased genome instability and decreased levels of γH2AX. Here we unveil a close functional antagonism between SIRT1 and the PP4 phosphatase multiprotein complex in the regulation of the DDR. Upon DNA damage, SIRT1 interacts specifically with the catalytical subunit PP4c and promotes its inhibition by deacetylating the WH1 domain of the regulatory subunits PP4R3α/β. This in turn regulates γH2AX and RPA2 phosphorylation, two key events in the signaling of DNA damage and repair by HR. We propose a mechanism whereby during stress, SIRT1 signaling ensures a global control of DNA damage signaling through PP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Rasti
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maximilian Becker
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta N Vazquez
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Espinosa-Alcantud
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Duran
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Gámez-García
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Ianni
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jessica Gonzalez
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Bosch-Presegué
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Institut de Recerca i Innovació en Ciències de la Vida i de la Salut a la Catalunya Central (IrisCC). Experimental Sciences and Methodology Department. Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare (FCSB), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Anna Marazuela-Duque
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Guitart-Solanes
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Current affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Joan-Josep Bech-Serra
- Proteomic Unit, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Scher
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Nucleic Acids Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, NJ08854, USA
| | - Lourdes Serrano
- Department of Science, BMCC, The City University of New York (CUNY), 199 Chambers Street N699P, New Yirk, NY10007, USA
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Hediye Erdjument-Bromage
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY10016, USA
| | - Paul Tempst
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Nucleic Acids Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, NJ08854, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY10016, USA
| | - Mireia Olivella
- Bioinfomatics and Medical Statistics Group, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering. University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Carolina de la Torre
- Proteomic Unit, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vaquero
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av. Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Wang Y, Han W, Yun S, Han J. Identification of protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit as a Wnt promoting factor in pan-cancer and Xenopus early embryogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10240. [PMID: 37353511 PMCID: PMC10290155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein Phosphatase 4 Catalytic Subunit (PPP4C) is an evolutionarily conserved protein involved in multiple biological and pathological events, including embryogenesis, organogenesis, cellular homeostasis, and oncogenesis. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. Thus, we investigated the potential correlation between PPP4C and biological processes (BPs) and canonical Wnt signaling using pan-cancer analysis and Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) embryo model. Our results indicate that PPP4C is a potential biomarker for specific cancer types due to its high diagnostic accuracy and significant prognostic correlation. Furthermore, in multiple cancer types, PPP4C-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in pattern specification, morphogenesis, and canonical Wnt activation. Consistently, perturbation of Ppp4c in X. laevis embryos interfered with normal embryogenesis and canonical Wnt responses. Moreover, biochemical analysis of X. laevis embryos demonstrated that both endogenous and exogenous Ppp4c negatively regulated AXIN1 (Wnt inhibitor) abundance. This study provides novel insights into PPP4C roles in pattern specification and Wnt activation. The similarities in BPs and Wnt signaling regulation regarding PPP4C support the intrinsic link between tumorigenesis and early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiLi Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - WonHee Han
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
- Department of Neurology, F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - SeokMin Yun
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - JinKwan Han
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea.
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12
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Gutiérrez-Santiago F, Navarro F. Transcription by the Three RNA Polymerases under the Control of the TOR Signaling Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040642. [PMID: 37189389 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribosomes are the basis for protein production, whose biogenesis is essential for cells to drive growth and proliferation. Ribosome biogenesis is highly regulated in accordance with cellular energy status and stress signals. In eukaryotic cells, response to stress signals and the production of newly-synthesized ribosomes require elements to be transcribed by the three RNA polymerases (RNA pols). Thus, cells need the tight coordination of RNA pols to adjust adequate components production for ribosome biogenesis which depends on environmental cues. This complex coordination probably occurs through a signaling pathway that links nutrient availability with transcription. Several pieces of evidence strongly support that the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway, conserved among eukaryotes, influences the transcription of RNA pols through different mechanisms to ensure proper ribosome components production. This review summarizes the connection between TOR and regulatory elements for the transcription of each RNA pol in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It also focuses on how TOR regulates transcription depending on external cues. Finally, it discusses the simultaneous coordination of the three RNA pols through common factors regulated by TOR and summarizes the most important similarities and differences between S. cerevisiae and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gutiérrez-Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética, Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Navarro
- Departamento de Biología Experimental-Genética, Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Aceite de Oliva y Olivar, Universidad de Jaén, Paraje de las Lagunillas, s/n, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
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13
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Kavousi N, Tonge DP, Mourtada-Maarabouni M. New insights into the functional role of protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit PP4R3A/SMEK1 in the regulation of leukemic cell fate. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123467. [PMID: 36731689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein phosphatase 4 holoenzyme consists of a PP4 catalytic subunit (PP4c), which interacts with four different regulatory subunits. Previous studies have shown that PP4c acts as a tumour suppressor. Emerging evidence suggests that the protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunits might regulate cell fate independently of PP4c. To this end, we investigated the role of PP4R3A (SMEK1) in Jurkat and CEM-C7 leukemic cell lines. SMEK1 overexpression decreased cell growth, increased spontaneous apoptosis, and reduced the colony forming ability of leukemic cells. Conversely, siRNA-mediated silencing of SMEK1 led to increased short and long-term survival in these cells. Phospho-protein arrays revealed that increased expression of SMEK1 affected the phosphorylation of key proteins involved in MAPK3, AKT, JAK/STAT, NFκB and TGFβ signalling pathways. These proteins include transcription factors such as NFκB, STAT3, c-JUN, SMAD1, and SMAD5, suggesting a role for SMEK1 in the regulation of gene expression. RNA sequencing confirmed the role of SMEK1 in the regulation of gene expression. RNA sequencing also confirmed the tumour suppressor role of SMEK1. Taken together, this study shows that SMEK1 regulates leukemic T cell survival, indicating that SMEK1 dysfunction may be important in the development and progression of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadieh Kavousi
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Daniel P Tonge
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Mirna Mourtada-Maarabouni
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme ST5 5BG, UK.
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14
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Chen D, Gao S, Gao F, Liu A, Li J, Li J, Liu Q. SMEK1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and invasion by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:976-986. [PMID: 36463369 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SMEK1, also known as PP4R3α, the regulatory subunit 3α of serine and threonine phosphatase PP4, participates in diversely critical biological processes such as the integration of centromere, deacetylation of histones, asymmetric divisions of neuroblast, and other crucial cellular activities. SMEK1 was formerly reported to play a part in carcinogenesis. This study aims to reveal the role of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, the protein level of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissue was detected. The functional role of SMEK1 in cell proliferation and invasion was explored using cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to investigate the effect of SMEK1 on tumor growth in vivo. The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was detected by Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS SMEK1 was highly expressed at the protein level in lung adenocarcinoma compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissue. In vitro, suppression of SMEK1 significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, while overexpression of SMEK1 enhanced above abilities. The xenograft model demonstrated that down-regulation of SMEK1 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. In addition, we found that SMEK1 could positively regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. CONCLUSIONS SMEK1 exerts a cancer-promoting effect in lung adenocarcinoma by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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15
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Rocha H, Simões PA, Budrewicz J, Lara-Gonzalez P, Carvalho AX, Dumont J, Desai A, Gassmann R. Nuclear-enriched protein phosphatase 4 ensures outer kinetochore assembly prior to nuclear dissolution. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213846. [PMID: 36719399 PMCID: PMC9930252 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A landmark event in the transition from interphase to mitosis in metazoans is nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD). Important mitotic events occur prior to NEBD, including condensation of replicated chromosomes and assembly of kinetochores to rapidly engage spindle microtubules. Here, we show that nuclear-enriched protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) ensures robust assembly of the microtubule-coupling outer kinetochore prior to NEBD. In the absence of PP4, chromosomes exhibit extended monopolar orientation after NEBD and subsequently mis-segregate. A secondary consequence of diminished outer kinetochore assembly is defective sister chromatid resolution. After NEBD, a cytoplasmic activity compensates for PP4 loss, leading to outer kinetochore assembly and recovery of chromosomes from monopolar orientation to significant bi-orientation. The Ndc80-Ska microtubule-binding module of the outer kinetochore is required for this recovery. PP4 associates with the inner kinetochore protein CENP-C; however, disrupting the PP4-CENP-C interaction does not perturb chromosome segregation. These results establish that PP4-dependent outer kinetochore assembly prior to NEBD is critical for timely and proper engagement of chromosomes with spindle microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Rocha
- https://ror.org/05qpmg879Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia A. Simões
- https://ror.org/05qpmg879Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jacqueline Budrewicz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA,Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Lara-Gonzalez
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA,Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana Xavier Carvalho
- https://ror.org/05qpmg879Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julien Dumont
- https://ror.org/02c5gc203Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Arshad Desai
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA,Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Reto Gassmann
- https://ror.org/05qpmg879Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Raja R, Wu C, Bassoy EY, Rubino TE, Utagawa EC, Magtibay PM, Butler KA, Curtis M. PP4 inhibition sensitizes ovarian cancer to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity via STAT1 activation and inflammatory signaling. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005026. [PMID: 36564125 PMCID: PMC9791393 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased infiltration of T cells into ovarian tumors has been repeatedly shown to be predictive of enhanced patient survival. However, despite the evidence of an active immune response in ovarian cancer (OC), the frequency of responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in OC is much lower than other cancer types. Recent studies have highlighted that deficiencies in the DNA damage response (DDR) can drive increased genomic instability and tumor immunogenicity, which leads to enhanced responses to ICB. Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) is a critical regulator of the DDR; however, its potential role in antitumor immunity is currently unknown. RESULTS Our results show that the PP4 inhibitor, fostriecin, combined with carboplatin leads to increased carboplatin sensitivity, DNA damage, and micronuclei formation. Using multiple OC cell lines, we show that PP4 inhibition or PPP4C knockdown combined with carboplatin triggers inflammatory signaling via Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation. This resulted in increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines: CCL5, CXCL10, and IL-6. In addition, IFNB1 expression was increased suggesting activation of the type I interferon response. Conditioned media from OC cells treated with the combination of PP4 inhibitor and carboplatin significantly increased migration of both CD8 T cell and natural killer (NK) cells over carboplatin treatment alone. Knockdown of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in OC cells significantly abrogated the increase in CD8 T-cell migration induced by PP4 inhibition. Co-culture of NK-92 cells and OC cells with PPP4C or PPP4R3B knockdown resulted in strong induction of NK cell interferon-γ, increased degranulation, and increased NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against OC cells. Stable knockdown of PP4C in a syngeneic, immunocompetent mouse model of OC resulted in significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. Tumors with PP4C knockdown had increased infiltration of NK cells, NK T cells, and CD4+ T cells. Addition of low dose carboplatin treatment led to increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration in PP4C knockdown tumors as compared with the untreated PP4C knockdown tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our work has identified a role for PP4 inhibition in promoting inflammatory signaling and enhanced immune cell effector function. These findings support the further investigation of PP4 inhibitors to enhance chemo-immunotherapy for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Raja
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher Wu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Esen Yonca Bassoy
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Thomas E Rubino
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Emma C Utagawa
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Paul M Magtibay
- Department of Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Kristina A Butler
- Department of Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Marion Curtis
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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17
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Kim SH, Park J, Park JW, Hahm JY, Yoon S, Hwang IJ, Kim KP, Seo SB. SET7-mediated TIP60 methylation is essential for DNA double-strand break repair. BMB Rep 2022; 55:541-546. [PMID: 35880433 PMCID: PMC9712704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR) is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity and is involved in numerous fundamental biological processes. Post-translational modifications by proteins play an important role in regulating DNA repair. Here, we report that the methyltransferase SET7 regulates HR-mediated DSB repair by methylating TIP60, a histone acetyltransferase and tumor suppressor involved in gene expression and protein stability. We show that SET7 targets TIP60 for methylation at K137, which facilitates DSB repair by promoting HR and determines cell viability against DNA damage. Interestingly, TIP60 demethylation is catalyzed by LSD1, which affects HR efficiency. Taken together, our findings reveal the importance of TIP60 methylation status by SET7 and LSD1 in the DSB repair pathway. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 541-546].
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ja Young Hahm
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seobin Yoon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - In Jun Hwang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Keun Pil Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-2-820-5242; Fax: +82-2-822-4039; E-mail:
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18
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Kim SH, Park J, Park JW, Hahm JY, Yoon S, Hwang IJ, Kim KP, Seo SB. SET7-mediated TIP60 methylation is essential for DNA double-strand break repair. BMB Rep 2022; 55:541-546. [PMID: 35880433 PMCID: PMC9712704 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR) is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity and is involved in numerous fundamental biological processes. Post-translational modifications by proteins play an important role in regulating DNA repair. Here, we report that the methyltransferase SET7 regulates HR-mediated DSB repair by methylating TIP60, a histone acetyltransferase and tumor suppressor involved in gene expression and protein stability. We show that SET7 targets TIP60 for methylation at K137, which facilitates DSB repair by promoting HR and determines cell viability against DNA damage. Interestingly, TIP60 demethylation is catalyzed by LSD1, which affects HR efficiency. Taken together, our findings reveal the importance of TIP60 methylation status by SET7 and LSD1 in the DSB repair pathway. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 541-546].
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ja Young Hahm
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seobin Yoon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - In Jun Hwang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Keun Pil Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Vaneynde P, Verbinnen I, Janssens V. The role of serine/threonine phosphatases in human development: Evidence from congenital disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030119. [PMID: 36313552 PMCID: PMC9608770 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation is a fundamental regulation mechanism in eukaryotic cell and organismal physiology, and in human health and disease. Until recently, and unlike protein kinases, mutations in serine/threonine protein phosphatases (PSP) had not been commonly associated with disorders of human development. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge on congenital diseases caused by mutations, inherited or de novo, in one of 38 human PSP genes, encoding a monomeric phosphatase or a catalytic subunit of a multimeric phosphatase. In addition, we highlight similar pathogenic mutations in genes encoding a specific regulatory subunit of a multimeric PSP. Overall, we describe 19 affected genes, and find that most pathogenic variants are loss-of-function, with just a few examples of gain-of-function alterations. Moreover, despite their widespread tissue expression, the large majority of congenital PSP disorders are characterised by brain-specific abnormalities, suggesting a generalized, major role for PSPs in brain development and function. However, even if the pathogenic mechanisms are relatively well understood for a small number of PSP disorders, this knowledge is still incomplete for most of them, and the further identification of downstream targets and effectors of the affected PSPs is eagerly awaited through studies in appropriate in vitro and in vivo disease models. Such lacking studies could elucidate the exact mechanisms through which these diseases act, and possibly open up new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Vaneynde
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iris Verbinnen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Veerle Janssens,
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Kokot T, Köhn M. Emerging insights into serine/threonine-specific phosphoprotein phosphatase function and selectivity. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:277104. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Protein phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues is a widely distributed post-translational modification on proteins that acts to regulate their function. Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) contribute significantly to a plethora of cellular functions through the accurate dephosphorylation of phosphorylated residues. Most PPPs accomplish their purpose through the formation of complex holoenzymes composed of a catalytic subunit with various regulatory subunits. PPP holoenzymes then bind and dephosphorylate substrates in a highly specific manner. Despite the high prevalence of PPPs and their important role for cellular function, their mechanisms of action in the cell are still not well understood. Nevertheless, substantial experimental advancements in (phospho-)proteomics, structural and computational biology have contributed significantly to a better understanding of PPP biology in recent years. This Review focuses on recent approaches and provides an overview of substantial new insights into the complex mechanism of PPP holoenzyme regulation and substrate selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kokot
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg 1 , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
- University of Freiburg, 2 Faculty of Biology , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
| | - Maja Köhn
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg 1 , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
- University of Freiburg, 2 Faculty of Biology , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
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21
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The disruption of the CCDC6 – PP4 axis induces a BRCAness like phenotype and sensitivity to PARP inhibitors in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:245. [PMID: 35964058 PMCID: PMC9375931 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) is primarily effective against high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) with BRCA1/2 mutations or other deficiencies in homologous recombination (HR) repair mechanisms. However, resistance to PARPi frequently develops, mostly as a result of BRCA1/2 reversion mutations. The tumour suppressor CCDC6 is involved in HR repair by regulating the PP4c phosphatase activity on γH2AX. In this work, we reported that in ovarian cancer cells, a physical or functional loss of CCDC6 results synthetic lethal with the PARP-inhibitors drugs, by affecting the HR repair. We also unravelled a role for CCDC6 as predictive marker of PARPi sensitivity in ovarian cancer, and the impact of CCDC6 downregulation in overcoming PARPi resistance in these tumours. Methods A panel of HGSOC cell lines (either BRCA-wild type or mutant) were treated with PARPi after CCDC6 was attenuated by silencing or by inhibiting USP7, a CCDC6-deubiquitinating enzyme, and the effects on cell survival were assessed. At the cellular and molecular levels, the processes underlying the CCDC6-dependent modification of drugs’ sensitivity were examined. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were immunostained for CCDC6, and the expression of the protein was analysed statistically after digital or visual means. Results HGSOC cells acquired PARPi sensitivity after CCDC6 depletion. Notably, CCDC6 downregulation restored the PARPi sensitivity in newly generated or spontaneously resistant cells containing either wild type- or mutant-BRCA2. When in an un-phosphorylated state, the CCDC6 residue threonine 427 is crucial for effective CCDC6-PP4 complex formation and PP4 sequestration, which maintains high γH2AX levels and effective HR. Remarkably, the PP4-dependent control of HR repair is influenced by the CCDC6 constitutively phosphorylated mutant T427D or by the CCDC6 loss, favouring PARPi sensitivity. As a result, the PP4 regulatory component PP4R3α showed to be essential for both the activity of the PP4 complex and the CCDC6 dependent PARPi sensitivity. It's interesting to note that immunohistochemistry revealed an intense CCDC6 protein staining in olaparib-resistant HGSOC cells and PDXs. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the physical loss or the functional impairment of CCDC6 enhances the PP4c complex activity, which causes BRCAness and PARPi sensitivity in HGSOC cells. Moreover, CCDC6 downregulation might overcome PARPi resistance in HGSOCs, thus supporting the potential of targeting CCDC6 by USP7 inhibitors to tackle PARPi resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02459-2.
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22
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Guo Z, Mei Y, Wang D, Xiao D, Tang X, Gong Y, Xu X, Wang NN. Identification and Functional Analysis of Key Autophosphorylation Residues of Arabidopsis Senescence Associated Receptor-like Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168873. [PMID: 36012141 PMCID: PMC9408895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases and phosphatases plays important roles in the regulation of leaf senescence. We previously reported that the senescence-associated leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase AtSARK autophosphorylates on both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues and functions as a positive regulator of Arabidopsis leaf senescence; the senescence-suppressed protein phosphatase SSPP interacts with and dephosphorylates the cytoplasmic domain of AtSARK, thereby negatively regulating leaf senescence. Here, 27 autophosphorylation residues of AtSARK were revealed by mass spectrometry analysis, and six of them, including two Ser, two Thr, and two Tyr residues, were further found to be important for the biological functions of AtSARK. All site-directed mutations of these six residues that resulted in decreased autophosphorylation level of AtSARK could significantly inhibit AtSARK-induced leaf senescence. In addition, mutations mimicking the dephosphorylation form of Ser384 (S384A) or the phosphorylation form of Tyr413 (Y413E) substantially reduced the interaction between AtSARK and SSPP. All results suggest that autophosphorylation of AtSARK is essential for its functions in promoting leaf senescence. The possible roles of S384 and Y413 residues in fine-tuning the interaction between AtSARK and SSPP are discussed herein.
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23
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Regulation of TLR4 signaling through the TRAF6/sNASP axis by reversible phosphorylation mediated by CK2 and PP4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2107044118. [PMID: 34789577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107044118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of invading pathogens by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activates innate immunity through signaling pathways that involved multiple protein kinases and phosphatases. We previously demonstrated that somatic nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (sNASP) binds to TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in the resting state. Upon TLR4 activation, a signaling complex consisting of TRAF6, sNASP, interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase 4, and casein kinase 2 (CK2) is formed. CK2 then phosphorylates sNASP to release phospho-sNASP (p-sNASP) from TRAF6, initiating downstream signaling pathways. Here, we showed that protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) is the specific sNASP phosphatase that negatively regulates TLR4-induced TRAF6 activation and its downstream signaling pathway. Mechanistically, PP4 is directly recruited by phosphorylated sNASP to dephosphorylate p-sNASP to terminate TRAF6 activation. Ectopic expression of PP4 specifically inhibited sNASP-dependent proinflammatory cytokine production and downstream signaling following bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, whereas silencing PP4 had the opposite effect. Primary macrophages and mice infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying a gene encoding PP4 (Ad-PP4) showed significant reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α production. Survival of Ad-PP4-infected mice was markedly increased due to a better ability to clear bacteria in a sepsis model. These results indicate that the serine/threonine phosphatase PP4 functions as a negative regulator of innate immunity by regulating the binding of sNASP to TRAF6.
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Salem Wehbe L, Barakat D, Acker A, El Khoury R, Reichhart JM, Matt N, El Chamy L. Protein Phosphatase 4 Negatively Regulates the Immune Deficiency-NF-κB Pathway during the Drosophila Immune Response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1616-1626. [PMID: 34452932 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved immune deficiency (IMD) signaling pathway shields Drosophila against bacterial infections. It regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides encoding genes through the activation of the NF-κB transcription factor Relish. Tight regulation of the signaling cascade ensures a balanced immune response, which is otherwise highly harmful. Several phosphorylation events mediate intracellular progression of the IMD pathway. However, signal termination by dephosphorylation remains largely elusive. Here, we identify the highly conserved protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) complex as a bona fide negative regulator of the IMD pathway. RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of PP4-19c, PP4R2, and Falafel, which encode the catalytic and regulatory subunits of the phosphatase complex, respectively, caused a marked upregulation of bacterial-induced antimicrobial peptide gene expression in both Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells and adult flies. Deregulated IMD signaling is associated with reduced lifespan of PP4-deficient flies in the absence of any infection. In contrast, flies overexpressing this phosphatase are highly sensitive to bacterial infections. Altogether, our results highlight an evolutionarily conserved function of PP4c in the regulation of NF-κB signaling from Drosophila to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layale Salem Wehbe
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, M3I UPR 9022, Strasbourg, France; and.,Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dana Barakat
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, M3I UPR 9022, Strasbourg, France; and.,Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Adrian Acker
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, M3I UPR 9022, Strasbourg, France; and
| | - Rita El Khoury
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, M3I UPR 9022, Strasbourg, France; and.,Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Nicolas Matt
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, M3I UPR 9022, Strasbourg, France; and
| | - Laure El Chamy
- Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon
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25
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Huang X, Yang G, Zhao L, Yuan H, Chen H, Shen T, Tang W, Man Y, Ma J, Ma Y, Dou L, Li J. Protein Phosphatase 4 Promotes Hepatocyte Lipoapoptosis by Regulating RAC1/MLK3/JNK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5550498. [PMID: 34221233 PMCID: PMC8221892 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5550498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, also referred to as lipoapoptosis, is one of the important initial factors promoting the progression from hepatosteatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Saturated free fatty acids (SFAs), which are increased significantly in NASH, are directly hepatotoxic which induce hepatocyte lipoapoptosis. Previously, we reported that protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) was a novel regulator of hepatic insulin resistance and lipid metabolism, but its role in hepatic lipoapoptosis remains unexplored. In this study, we found out that PP4 was upregulated in the livers of western diet-fed-induced NASH mice and SFA-treated murine primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In addition, we found for the first time that suppression of PP4 decreased SFA-induced JNK activation and expression of key modulators of hepatocyte lipoapoptosis including p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) and Bcl-2-interacting mediator (Bim) and reduced hepatocyte lipoapoptosis level as well both in vitro and in vivo. Further study revealed that PP4 induced JNK activation and lipoapoptosis-related protein expression by regulating the RAC1/MLK3 pathway instead of the PERK/CHOP pathway. The effects of palmitate-treated and PP4-induced lipoapoptosis pathway activation were largely abolished by RAC1 inhibition. Moreover, we identified that PP4 interacted with RAC1 and regulated GTPase activity of RAC1. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PP4 was a novel regulator of hepatocyte lipoapoptosis and mediated hepatocyte lipoapoptosis by regulating the RAC1/MLK3/JNK signaling pathway. Our finding provided new insights into the mechanisms of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guang Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tao Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yong Man
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiarui Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Department of Scientific Research, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining 810001, China
| | - Lin Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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26
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Karman Z, Rethi-Nagy Z, Abraham E, Fabri-Ordogh L, Csonka A, Vilmos P, Debski J, Dadlez M, Glover DM, Lipinszki Z. Novel perspectives of target-binding by the evolutionarily conserved PP4 phosphatase. Open Biol 2020; 10:200343. [PMID: 33352067 PMCID: PMC7776573 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) is an evolutionarily conserved and essential Ser/Thr phosphatase that regulates cell division, development and DNA repair in eukaryotes. The major form of PP4, present from yeast to human, is the PP4c-R2-R3 heterotrimeric complex. The R3 subunit is responsible for substrate-recognition via its EVH1 domain. In typical EVH1 domains, conserved phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan residues form the specific recognition site for their target's proline-rich sequences. Here, we identify novel binding partners of the EVH1 domain of the Drosophila R3 subunit, Falafel, and demonstrate that instead of binding to proline-rich sequences this EVH1 variant specifically recognizes atypical ligands, namely the FxxP and MxPP short linear consensus motifs. This interaction is dependent on an exclusively conserved leucine that replaces the phenylalanine invariant of all canonical EVH1 domains. We propose that the EVH1 domain of PP4 represents a new class of the EVH1 family that can accommodate low proline content sequences, such as the FxxP motif. Finally, our data implicate the conserved Smk-1 domain of Falafel in target-binding. These findings greatly enhance our understanding of the substrate-recognition mechanisms and function of PP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Karman
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, MTA Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, H‐6725, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Rethi-Nagy
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, MTA Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, H‐6725, Hungary
| | - Edit Abraham
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, MTA Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
| | - Lilla Fabri-Ordogh
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, MTA Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
| | - Akos Csonka
- Department of Traumatology, University of Szeged, Szeged, H‐6725, Hungary
| | - Peter Vilmos
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Genetics, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
| | - Janusz Debski
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Dadlez
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - David M. Glover
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Zoltan Lipinszki
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, MTA Lendület Laboratory of Cell Cycle Regulation, Szeged, H‐6726, Hungary
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Pietropaolo V, Prezioso C, Moens U. Merkel Cell Polyomavirus and Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1774. [PMID: 32635198 PMCID: PMC7407210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are the cause of approximately 15% of all human cancers. Both RNA and DNA human tumor viruses have been identified, with Merkel cell polyomavirus being the most recent one to be linked to cancer. This virus is associated with about 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas, a rare, but aggressive cutaneous malignancy. Despite its name, the cells of origin of this tumor may not be Merkel cells. This review provides an update on the structure and life cycle, cell tropism and epidemiology of the virus and its oncogenic properties. Putative strategies to prevent viral infection or treat virus-positive Merkel cell carcinoma patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.P.); (C.P.)
- IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Microbiology of Chronic Neuro-Degenerative Pathologies, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Moens
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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