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Nahálková J. On the interface of aging, cancer, and neurodegeneration with SIRT6 and L1 retrotransposon protein interaction network. Ageing Res Rev 2024:102496. [PMID: 39251041 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Roles of the sirtuins in aging and longevity appear related to their evolutionarily conserved functions as retroviral-restriction factors. Retrotransposons also promote the aging process, which can be reversed by the inhibition of their activity. SIRT6 can functionally limit the mutation activity of LINE-1 (L1), a retrotransposon causing cancerogenesis-linked mutations accumulating during aging. Here, an overview of the molecular mechanisms of the controlling effects was created by the pathway enrichment and gene function prediction analysis of a protein interaction network of SIRT6 and L1 retrotransposon proteins L1 ORF1p, and L1 ORF2p. The L1-SIRT6 interaction network is enriched in pathways and nodes associated with RNA quality control, DNA damage response, tumor-related and retrotransposon activity-suppressing functions. The analysis also highlighted sumoylation, which controls protein-protein interactions, subcellular localization, and other post-translational modifications; DNA IR Damage and Cellular Response via ATR, and Hallmark Myc Targets V1, which scores are a measure of tumor aggressiveness. The protein node prioritization analysis emphasized the functions of tumor suppressors p53, PARP1, BRCA1, and BRCA2 having L1 retrotransposon limiting activity; tumor promoters EIF4A3, HNRNPA1, HNRNPH1, DDX5; and antiviral innate immunity regulators DDX39A and DDX23. The outline of the regulatory mechanisms involved in L1 retrotransposition with a focus on the prioritized nodes is here demonstrated in detail. Furthermore, a model establishing functional links between HIV infection, L1 retrotransposition, SIRT6, and cancer development is also presented. Finally, L1-SIRT6 subnetwork SIRT6-PARP1-BRCA1/BRCA2-TRIM28-PIN1-p53 was constructed, where all nodes possess L1 retrotransposon activity-limiting activity and together represent candidates for multitarget control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Nahálková
- Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology Unit, Biochemworld co.; Snickar-Anders väg 17, 74394, Skyttorp, Uppsala County, Sweden.
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2
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Zhou C, Zhao D, Wu C, Wu Z, Zhang W, Chen S, Zhao X, Wu S. Role of histone deacetylase inhibitors in non-neoplastic diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33997. [PMID: 39071622 PMCID: PMC11283006 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic dysregulation has been implicated in the development and progression of a variety of human diseases, but epigenetic changes are reversible, and epigenetic enzymes and regulatory proteins can be targeted using small molecules. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), as a class of epigenetic drugs, are widely used to treat various cancers and other diseases involving abnormal gene expression. Results Specially, HDACis have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the therapeutic effect of non-neoplastic conditions, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases and rare diseases, along with their related mechanisms. However, their clinical efficacy has been limited by drug resistance and toxicity. Conclusions To date, most clinical trials of HDAC inhibitors have been related to the treatment of cancer rather than the treatment of non-cancer diseases, for which experimental studies are gradually underway. Discussions regarding non-neoplastic diseases often concentrate on specific disease types. Therefore, this review highlights the development of HDACis and their potential therapeutic applications in non-neoplastic diseases, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs or therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhou
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Dengke Zhao
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shilv Chen
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xindong Zhao
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shaoling Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
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3
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Li S, Wu W, Yang B, Liu Z, Duan X, Sun X, Liu H, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wu W. Histone deacetylase 6 suppression of renal tubular epithelial cell promotes interstitial mineral deposition via alpha-tubulin acetylation. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111057. [PMID: 38242268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Randall's plaque (RP) is derived from interstitial mineral deposition and is highly prevalent in renal calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone disease, which is predictive of recurrence. This study shows that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) levels are suppressed in renal tubular epithelial cells in RP samples, in kidney tissues of hyperoxaluria rats, and in hyper-oxalate-treated or mineralized cultured renal tubular epithelial (MDCK) cells in vitro. Mineral deposition in MDCK cells was exacerbated by HDAC6 inhibition but alleviated by HDAC6 overexpression. Surprisingly, the expression of some osteogenic-associated proteins, were not increased along with the increasing of mineral deposition, and result of single-cell RNA sequencing of renal papillae samples revealed that epithelial cells possess lower calcific activity, suggesting that osteogenic-transdifferentiation may not have actually occurred in tubular epithelial cells despite mineral deposition. The initial mineral depositions facilitated by HDAC6 inhibitor were localized in extracellular dome rather than inside the cells, moreover, suppression of HDAC6 significantly increased the calcium content of co-cultured renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK49F) and enhanced mineral deposition of indirectly co-cultured NRK49F cells, suggesting that HDAC6 may influence trans-MDCK monolayer secretion of mineral. Further experiments revealed that this regulatory role was partially alpha-tubulinLys40 acetylation dependent. Collectively, these results suggest that hyper-oxalate exposure led to HDAC6 suppression in renal tubular epithelial cells, which may contribute to interstitial mineral deposition by promoting alpha-tubulinLys40 acetylation. Therapeutic agents that influence HDAC6 activity may be beneficial in preventing RP and CaOx stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujue Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China; Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Wenzheng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Baotong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Zezhen Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Xinyuan Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Shike Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Yuhao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally invasive surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute Of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China; Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China.
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4
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Liu R, Li L, Wang Z, Zhu J, Ji Y. Acetylated Histone Modifications: Intersection of Diabetes and Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:207-219. [PMID: 37989137 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Worldwide, type 2 diabetes is predominant form of diabetes, and it is mainly affected by the environment. Furthermore, the offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorder syndrome may have a higher risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which indicates that the environmental impact on diabetes prevalence can be transmitted across generations. In the process of diabetes onset and intergenerational transmission, the genetic structure of the individual is not directly changed but is regulated by epigenetics. In this process, genes or histones are modified, resulting in selective expression of proteins. This modification will affect not only the onset of diabetes but also the related onset of atherosclerosis. Acetylation and deacetylation may be important regulatory factors for the above lesions. Therefore, in this review, based on the whole process of atherosclerosis evolution, we explored the possible existence of acetylation/deacetylation caused by diabetes. However, because of the lack of atherosclerosis-related acetylation studies directly based on diabetic models, we also used a small number of experiments involving nondiabetic models of related molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Lu'an Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Lu' an People's Hospital, Lu'an, China
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5
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Zhou G, Liu P, Zhang C, Huang Q, Zhao Z, Wu S, Li D, Liu H. HDAC2 counteracts vascular calcification by activating autophagy in chronic kidney disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23470. [PMID: 38354035 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301429r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality, with a significant prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pharmacological inhibition of histone acetyltransferase has been proven to protect against from vascular calcification. However, the role of Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and molecular mechanisms in vascular calcification of CKD remains unknown. An in vivo model of CKD was established using mouse fed with a high adenine and phosphate diet, and an in vitro model was produced using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated with β-glycerophosphate (β-GP). HDAC2 expression was found to be reduced in medial artery of CKD mice and β-GP-induced VSMCs. Overexpression of HDAC2 attenuated OPN and OCN upregulation, α-SMA and SM22α downregulation, and calcium deposition in aortas of CKD. The in vitro results also demonstrated that β-GP-induced osteogenic differentiation was inhibited by HDAC2. Furthermore, we found that HDAC2 overexpression caused an increase in LC3II/I, a decrease in p62, and an induction of autophagic flux. Inhibition of autophagy using its specific inhibitor 3-MA blocked HDAC2's protective effect on osteogenic differentiation in β-GP-treated VSMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that HDAC2 may protect against vascular calcification by the activation of autophagy, laying out a novel insight for the molecular mechanism in vascular calcification of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pai Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zixia Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Detian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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6
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Ding N, Lv Y, Su H, Wang Z, Kong X, Zhen J, Lv Z, Wang R. Vascular calcification in CKD: New insights into its mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1160-1182. [PMID: 37269534 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, effective therapies are still unavailable at present. It has been well established that VC associated with CKD is not a passive process of calcium phosphate deposition, but an actively regulated and cell-mediated process that shares many similarities with bone formation. Additionally, numerous studies have suggested that CKD patients have specific risk factors and contributors to the development of VC, such as hyperphosphatemia, uremic toxins, oxidative stress and inflammation. Although research efforts in the past decade have greatly improved our knowledge of the multiple factors and mechanisms involved in CKD-related VC, many questions remain unanswered. Moreover, studies from the past decade have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications abnormalities, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs, play an important role in the regulation of VC. This review seeks to provide an overview of the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of VC associated with CKD, mainly focusing on the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the initiation and progression of uremic VC, with the aim to develop promising therapies for CKD-related cardiovascular events in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaodong Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Zhong H, Yu H, Chen J, Mok SWF, Tan X, Zhao B, He S, Lan L, Fu X, Chen G, Zhu D. The short-chain fatty acid butyrate accelerates vascular calcification via regulation of histone deacetylases and NF-κB signaling. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 146:107096. [PMID: 35952961 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.107096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetate, propionate and butyrate, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Whether SCFAs regulate vascular calcification, a common pathological change in cardiovascular tissues, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of SCFAs in vascular calcification. Using cellular and animal models of vascular calcification, we showed that butyrate significantly enhanced high phosphate (Pi)-induced calcification and osteogenic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro, whereas acetate and propionate had no effects. Subsequent studies confirmed that butyrate significantly promoted high Pi-induced aortic ring calcification ex vivo and high dose vitamin D3 (vD3)-induced mouse vascular calcification in vivo. Mechanistically, butyrate significantly inhibited histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression in VSMCs, and a pan HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A showed similar inductive effects on calcification and osteogenic transition of VSMCs to butyrate. In addition, the SCFA sensing receptors Gpr41 and Gpr109a were primarily expressed by VSMCs, and butyrate induced the rapid activation of NF-κB, Wnt and Akt signaling in VSMCs. Intriguingly, the NF-κB inhibitor SC75741 significantly attenuated butyrate-induced calcification and the osteogenic gene Msx2 expression in VSMCs. We showed that knockdown of Gpr41 but not Gpr109a attenuated butyrate-induced VSMC calcification. This study reveals that butyrate accelerates vascular calcification via its dual effects on HDAC inhibition and NF-κB activation. Our data provide novel insights into the role of microbe-host interaction in vascular calcification, and may have implications for the development of potential therapy for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Bohou Zhao
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengping He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China.
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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8
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Deng B, Xu P, Zhang B, Luo Q, Song G. COX2 Enhances Neovascularization of Inflammatory Tenocytes Through the HIF-1α/VEGFA/PDGFB Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:670406. [PMID: 34422800 PMCID: PMC8371918 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.670406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries are among the most challenging in orthopedics. During the early tendon repair, new blood vessel formation is necessary. However, excessive angiogenesis also exacerbates scar formation, leading to pain and dysfunction. A significantly worse outcome was associated with higher expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and its transcriptional targets vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce an inflammatory response in tenocytes. LPS increased the tenocytes' inflammatory factor COX2 expression and activated the HIF-1α/VEGFA/PDGFB pathway. Moreover, the conditioned medium from the tenocytes boosted rat aortic vascular endothelial cell (RAOEC) angiogenesis. Furthermore, Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, was used to treat inflammatory tenocytes. The expression levels of HIF-1α and its transcriptional targets VEGFA and PDGFB decreased, resulting in RAOEC angiogenesis inhibition. Finally, the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay proved that the HIF-1α/PDGFB pathway played a more critical role in tenocyte angiogenesis than the HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway. TSA could alleviate angiogenesis mainly through epigenetic regulation of the HIF-1α/PDGFB pathway. Taken together, TSA might be a promising anti-angiogenesis drug for abnormal angiogenesis, which is induced by tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Inhibition of histone deacetylase 1 suppresses pseudorabies virus infection through cGAS-STING antiviral innate immunity. Mol Immunol 2021; 136:55-64. [PMID: 34087624 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that is the etiological agent of Aujeszky's disease in pigs. Vaccination is currently available to prevent PRV infection, but there is still an urgent need for new strategies to control this infectious disease. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulators that regulate the histone tail, chromatin conformation, protein-DNA interaction and even transcription. Viral transcription and protein activities are intimately linked to regulation by histone acetyltransferases and HDACs that remodel chromatin and regulate gene expression. We reported here that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HDAC1 significantly influenced PRV replication. Moreover, we demonstrated that inhibition of HDAC1 induced a DNA damage response and antiviral innate immunity. Mechanistically, the HDAC1 inhibition-induced DNA damage response resulted in the release of double-strand DNA into the cytosol to activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and the downstream STING/TBK1/IRF3 innate immune signaling pathway. Our results demonstrate that an HDAC1 inhibitor may be used as a new strategy to prevent Aujeszky's disease in pigs.
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10
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Chen X, He Y, Fu W, Sahebkar A, Tan Y, Xu S, Li H. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Atherosclerosis: A Mechanistic and Pharmacological Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581015. [PMID: 33282862 PMCID: PMC7688915 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the most common underlying pathology for coronary artery disease, is a chronic inflammatory, proliferative disease in large- and medium-sized arteries. The vascular endothelium is important for maintaining vascular health. Endothelial dysfunction is a critical early event leading to AS, which is a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. Accumulating evidence has suggested the critical roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating vascular cell homeostasis and AS. The purpose of this review is to present an updated view on the roles of HDACs (Class I, Class II, Class IV) and HDAC inhibitors in vascular dysfunction and AS. We also elaborate on the novel therapeutic targets and agents in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong He
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - Yuhui Tan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Tang S, Zhong H, Xiong T, Yang X, Mao Y, Wang D. MiR-489 aggravates H2O2-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes via inhibiting IGF1. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20193995. [PMID: 32880387 PMCID: PMC7494985 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major type of cardiovascular disorder worldwide. In the present study, we established a new microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA cross-talk network by integrating data obtained from The National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI GEO). In addition, functional assays, including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses, were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integration Discovery (DAVID). In our study, we generated a new differentially expressed miRNA (DEmiRNA)-differentially expressed gene (DEG) cross-talk network of MI composed of three miRNA (miR-489, miR-375, and miR-142-3p) nodes and 163 mRNA nodes. In vitro experiments demonstrated that miR-489 expression was increased in H2O2-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro, mimicking myocardial injury. We observed that down-regulation of miR-489 reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis, while overexpression of miR-489 had the opposite effects, as revealed by flow cytometry and Western blot analyses. Furthermore, we confirmed the relationship between miR-489 and IGF1 through double luciferase reporter gene assays, which partly explains the antiapoptotic mechanism of miR-489. In conclusion, the experimental results of the present study could provide important clues for investigating the mechanism of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyan Zhong
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinquan Yang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongqing Mao
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daxin Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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12
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He P, Yu H, Jiang L, Chen Z, Wang S, Macrae VE, Fu X, Zhu D. Hdac9 inhibits medial artery calcification through down-regulation of Osterix. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 132:106775. [PMID: 32702412 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Medial artery calcification (MAC) significantly contributes to the increased cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous genome-wide association studies have shown that various genetic variants of the histone deacetylase Hdac9 are associated with cardiovascular disease, but the role of Hdac9 in MAC under CKD conditions remains unclear. METHODS High phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification and MAC in mice administered with vitamin D3 (vD) were used in the present study. Alizarin red staining, calcium quantitative assay, qPCR, western blotting and histology were performed. RESULTS Hdac9 expression was significantly down-regulated during high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification and MAC in mice administered with vitamin D3 (vD). Furthermore, high phosphate treatment inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, and pharmacological inhibition of Akt signaling reduced Hdac9 expression in cultured VSMCs. Knockdown of Hdac9 significantly enhanced calcium deposition in VSMCs. Conversely, adenovirus mediated-overexpression of Hdac9 inhibited high phosphate induced VSMC in vitro calcification. Our subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that the anti-calcific effect of Hdac9 was mediated through down-regulation of osteoblast-specific transcription factor Osterix. CONCLUSION These data suggest that Hdac9 is a novel inhibitor of MAC and may represent a potential therapeutic target for MAC in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510100, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Forester hill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510100, China
| | - Ziying Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Siying Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Vicky E Macrae
- The Roslin Institute, RDSVS, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China.
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China.
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Roles of Histone Acetylation Modifiers and Other Epigenetic Regulators in Vascular Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093246. [PMID: 32375326 PMCID: PMC7247359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is characterized by calcium deposition inside arteries and is closely associated with the morbidity and mortality of atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). VC is now widely known to be an active process occurring in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) involving multiple mechanisms and factors. These mechanisms share features with the process of bone formation, since the phenotype switching from the contractile to the osteochondrogenic phenotype also occurs in VSMCs during VC. In addition, VC can be regulated by epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. Although VC is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease and CVD, specific drugs for VC have not been developed. Thus, discovering novel therapeutic targets may be necessary. In this review, we summarize the current experimental evidence regarding the role of epigenetic regulators including histone deacetylases and propose the therapeutic implication of these regulators in the treatment of VC.
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The Epigenetic Landscape of Vascular Calcification: An Integrative Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030980. [PMID: 32024140 PMCID: PMC7037112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an important complication among patients of advanced age, those with chronic kidney disease, and those with diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiology of VC encompasses passive occurrence of physico-chemical calcium deposition, active cellular secretion of osteoid matrix upon exposure to metabolically noxious stimuli, or a variable combination of both processes. Epigenetic alterations have been shown to participate in this complex environment, through mechanisms including DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, histone modifications, and chromatin changes. Despite such importance, existing reviews fail to provide a comprehensive view of all relevant reports addressing epigenetic processes in VC, and cross-talk between different epigenetic machineries is rarely examined. We conducted a systematic review based on PUBMED and MEDLINE databases up to 30 September 2019, to identify clinical, translational, and experimental reports addressing epigenetic processes in VC; we retrieved 66 original studies, among which 60.6% looked into the pathogenic role of non-coding RNA, followed by DNA methylation (12.1%), histone modification (9.1%), and chromatin changes (4.5%). Nine (13.6%) reports examined the discrepancy of epigenetic signatures between subjects or tissues with and without VC, supporting their applicability as biomarkers. Assisted by bioinformatic analyses blending in each epigenetic component, we discovered prominent interactions between microRNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modification regarding potential influences on VC risk.
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15
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Clemente A, Traghella I, Mazzone A, Sbrana S, Vassalle C. Vascular and valvular calcification biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 95:73-103. [PMID: 32122525 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular and valvular calcification constitutes a major health problem with serious clinical consequences. It is important for medical laboratorians to improve their knowledge on this topic and to know which biological markers may have a potential interest and might be useful for diagnosis and for management of ectopic calcifications. This review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of vascular and valvular calcification, with emphasis on the mechanisms that are different for the two types of events, which underscore the need for differentiated healthcare, and explain different response to therapy. Available imaging and scoring tools used to assess both vascular and valvular calcification, together with the more studied and reliable biological markers emerging in this field (e.g., Fetuin A and matrix Gla protein), are discussed. Recently proposed functional assays, measuring the propensity of human serum to calcify, appear promising for vascular calcification assessment and are described. Further advancement through omic technologies and statistical tools is also reported. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine practitioners overlook this new era that will engage them in the near future, where a close cooperation of professionals with different competencies, including laboratorists, is required. This innovative approach may truly revolutionize practice of laboratory and of whole medicine attitude, making progression in knowledge of pathways relevant to health, as the complex calcification-related pathways, and adding value to patient care, through a precision medicine strategy.
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16
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Ham SY, Nam SB, Han DW, You AH, Lim WS, Song Y. Prognostic impact of preoperative serum alkaline phosphatase level on a composite of morbidity and mortality after thoracic endovascular aortic repair: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17173. [PMID: 31567956 PMCID: PMC6756712 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is related to vascular calcification and is known to have a prognostic impact in various cohorts. However, evidence in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is lacking. Thus, we hypothesized that preoperative serum ALP level could be used for predicting adverse events after TEVAR. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 167 patients who underwent TEVAR between February 2013 and December 2016. Patients were classified into tertiles according to preoperative ALP level (<69, 69-92, and >92 IU/L). The composite of morbidity and mortality (composite MM) was defined as the presence of one or more of the following: myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, dialysis requirement, pulmonary complication, infection, and mortality within 1 year after TEVAR. The incidence of composite MM was compared among the 3 tertiles, and stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the predictors for composite MM. RESULTS The incidence of composite MM was 14.5% in the first tertile group, 17.9% in the second tertile group, and 35.7% in the third tertile group (P = .016). The third tertile of ALP level (odds ratio [OR] 1.766, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.074-2.904, P = .025) and emergency TEVAR (OR 2.369, 95% CI 1.050-5.346, P = .038) remained as independent predictors of composite MM. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed an independent relationship between high preoperative ALP levels and adverse outcomes in patients undergoing TEVAR. This finding might suggest a potential role of ALP level as a risk stratification marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yeon Ham
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Sang Beom Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Dong Woo Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Ann Hee You
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Young Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
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Lysine acetyltransferases and lysine deacetylases as targets for cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2019; 17:96-115. [DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Gu J, Lu Y, Deng M, Qiu M, Tian Y, Ji Y, Zong P, Shao Y, Zheng R, Zhou B, Sun W, Kong X. Inhibition of acetylation of histones 3 and 4 attenuates aortic valve calcification. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-14. [PMID: 31292436 PMCID: PMC6802657 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve calcification develops in patients with chronic kidney disease who have calcium and phosphate metabolic disorders and poor prognoses. There is no effective treatment except valve replacement. However, metabolic disorders put patients at high risk for surgery. Increased acetylation of histones 3 and 4 is present in interstitial cells from human calcific aortic valves, but whether it is involved in aortic valve calcification has not been studied. In this study, we found that treating cultured porcine aortic valve interstitial cells with a high-calcium/high-phosphate medium induced calcium deposition, apoptosis, and expression of osteogenic marker genes, producing a phenotype resembling valve calcification in vivo. These phenotypic changes were attenuated by the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor C646. C646 treatment increased the levels of class I histone deacetylase members and decreased the acetylation of histones 3 and 4 induced by the high-calcium/high-phosphate treatment. Conversely, the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid promoted valve interstitial cell calcification. In a mouse model of aortic valve calcification induced by adenine and vitamin D treatment, the levels of acetylated histones 3 and 4 were increased in the calcified aortic valves. Treatment of the models with C646 attenuated aortic valve calcification by restoring the levels of acetylated histones 3 and 4. These observations suggest that increased acetylation of histones 3 and 4 is part of the pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification associated with calcium and phosphate metabolic disorders. Targeting acetylated histones 3 and 4 may be a potential therapy for inoperable aortic valve calcification in chronic kidney disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Menqing Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yunfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yue Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Pengyu Zong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yongfeng Shao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, The Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, PR China.
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Short-term stimulation with histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin a induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells without increasing cell invasion ability. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:262. [PMID: 30902084 PMCID: PMC6431036 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be one of the reasons for the failure in some clinical trials regarding histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs)-treated solid tumors. We investigated the effects of a pan-HDACI trichostatin A (TSA) on the proliferation and EMT of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Methods Poorly-differentiated NPC cell line CNE2 and undifferentiated C666–1 were treated with various concentrations of TSA, the cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay, the morphology was photographed, and the mRNA level of HDACs was assessed by semiquantitative PCR. After determination the cell cycle distributions, cells were subjected to western blotting analysis of cell cycle and EMT-associated genes expression. And the changes in migration ability were assessed by transwell migration assay and scratch wound healing assay. Finally, histone deacetylases activator ITSA-1 was used to assess the reverse of TSA-induced changes in NPC cells. Results TSA inhibited the proliferation of CNE2 and C666–1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and arrested the cell cycle at G1 phases. TSA reduced PCNA, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, p16 and p21 expressions and stimulated CDK6 levels. TSA stimulation for 48 h could effectively induce the EMT in CNE2 and C666–1 cells, which showed an increase of spindle-like cells and promoted expression of Vimentin and Snail1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Surprisingly, this short period of TSA treatment that induced EMT also impeded the migration ability of CNE2 and C666–1 cells. Interestingly, ITSA-1 rescued TSA-impeded CNE2 and C666–1 cells’ proliferation, migration and HDACs expression, also re-induced the cells to turn into epithelial cell phenotypes. Conclusions These results indicate that short-term stimulation of TSA effectively inhibits cell proliferation and induce EMT-like changes in NPC cells but not increase its invasion ability.
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Fu Z, Li F, Jia L, Su S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Xiang M. Histone deacetylase 6 reduction promotes aortic valve calcification via an endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated osteogenic pathway. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 158:408-417.e2. [PMID: 30579537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aortic valve (AoV) calcification occurs via a pathophysiologic process that includes osteoblastic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Here, we investigated the role of HDAC6 in AoV calcification. METHODS AoV cusps from patients with aortic stenosis (n = 7) and normal controls (n = 7) were subjected to determination of calcified nodules and HDAC6 expression. Human VICs were cultured in osteogenic media and treated with 10 uM tubacin or HDAC6 small interfering RNA silencing to inhibit HDAC6. Treatment with 100 uM tauroursodeoxycholic acid was used to suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) small interfering RNA was used to knock down ATF4. Alizarin red staining was used to evaluate calcified nodules formation of VICs cultured with osteogenic media for 14 days. RESULTS HDAC6 expression was significantly reduced in AoV tissue of patients with aortic stenosis compared with controls. Tubacin treatment or HDAC6 silencing markedly promoted osteoblastic differentiation accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum stress activation in VICs. The HDAC6 inhibition-induced osteogenic pathway was mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress/ATF4 pathway as indicated by tauroursodeoxycholic acid pretreatment or ATF4 silencing. Finally, alizarin red staining showed that HDAC6 inhibition promoted osteoblastic differentiation of VICs, which could be suppressed by tauroursodeoxycholic acid. CONCLUSIONS HDAC6 inhibition promotes AoV calcification via an endoplasmic reticulum stress/ATF4-mediated osteogenic pathway. HDAC6 may be a novel target for AoV calcification prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liangliang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengan Su
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhejun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Gao L, Ji Y, Lu Y, Qiu M, Shen Y, Wang Y, Kong X, Shao Y, Sheng Y, Sun W. Low-level overexpression of p53 promotes warfarin-induced calcification of porcine aortic valve interstitial cells by activating Slug gene transcription. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3780-3792. [PMID: 29358327 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.791145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequently used oral anti-coagulant warfarin has been implicated in inducing calcification of aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs), whereas the mechanism is not fully understood. The low-level activation of p53 is found to be involved in osteogenic transdifferentiation and calcification of AVICs. Whether p53 participates in warfarin-induced AVIC calcification remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of low-level p53 overexpression in warfarin-induced porcine AVIC (pAVIC) calcification. Immunostaining, quantitative PCR, and Western blotting revealed that p53 was expressed in human and pAVICs and that p53 expression was slightly increased in calcific human aortic valves compared with non-calcific valves. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining indicated that apoptosis slightly increased in calcific aortic valves than in non-calcific valves. Warfarin treatment led to a low-level increase of p53 mRNA and protein in both pAVICs and mouse aortic valves. Low-level overexpression of p53 in pAVICs via an adenovirus vector did not affect pAVIC apoptosis but promoted warfarin-induced calcium deposition and expression of osteogenic markers. shRNA-mediated p53 knockdown attenuated the pAVIC calcium deposition and osteogenic marker expression. Moreover, ChIP and luciferase assays showed that p53 was recruited to the slug promoter and activated slug expression in calcific pAVICs. Of note, overexpression of Slug increased osteogenic marker Runx2 expression, but not pAVIC calcium deposition, and Slug knockdown attenuated pAVIC calcification and p53-mediated pAVIC calcium deposition and expression of osteogenic markers. In conclusion, we found that p53 plays an important role in warfarin induced pAVIC calcification, and increased slug transcription by p53 is required for p53-mediated pAVIC calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- From the Departments of Cardiology and
| | - Yue Ji
- From the Departments of Cardiology and
| | - Yan Lu
- From the Departments of Cardiology and
| | - Ming Qiu
- From the Departments of Cardiology and
| | | | | | | | - Yongfeng Shao
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | | | - Wei Sun
- From the Departments of Cardiology and
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Lee JW, Yang DH, Park S, Han HK, Park JW, Kim BY, Um SH, Moon EY. Trichostatin A resistance is facilitated by HIF-1α acetylation in HeLa human cervical cancer cells under normoxic conditions. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2035-2049. [PMID: 29416751 PMCID: PMC5788619 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA) is an anticancer drug that inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs). Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) participates in tumor angiogenesis by upregulating target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In the present study, we investigated whether TSA treatment increases HIF-1α stabilization via acetylation under normoxic conditions, which would lead to VEGF upregulation and resistance to anticancer drugs. TSA enhanced total HIF-1α and VEGF-HRE reporter activity under normoxic conditions. When cells were transfected with GFP-HIF-1α, treatment with TSA increased the number of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-positive cells. TSA also enhanced the nuclear translocation of HIF-1α protein, as assessed by immunoblotting and as evidenced by increased nuclear localization of GFP-HIF-1α. An increase in the interaction between HIF-1α and the VEGF promoter, which was assessed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, led to activation of the VEGF promoter. TSA acetylated HIF-1α at lysine (K) 674, which led to an increase in TSA-induced VEGF-HRE reporter activity. In addition, TSA-mediated cell death was reduced by the overexpression of HIF-1α but it was rescued by transfection with a HIF-1α mutant (K674R). These data demonstrate that HIF-1α may be stabilized and translocated into the nucleus for the activation of VEGF promoter by TSA-mediated acetylation at K674 under normoxic conditions. These findings suggest that HIF-1α acetylation may lead to resistance to anticancer therapeutics, such as HDAC inhibitors, including TSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Yang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Sojin Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Hae-Kyoung Han
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jong-Wan Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- World Class Institute, Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Cheongwon 28116, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Um
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
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Kwon DH, Kim YK, Kook H. New Aspects of Vascular Calcification: Histone Deacetylases and Beyond. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1738-1748. [PMID: 28960024 PMCID: PMC5639052 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.11.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a pathologic phenomenon in which calcium phosphate is ectopically deposited in the arteries. Previously, calcification was considered to be a passive process in response to metabolic diseases, vascular or valvular diseases, or even aging. However, now calcification is recognized as a highly-regulated consequence, like bone formation, and many clinical trials have been carried out to elucidate the correlation between vascular calcification and cardiovascular events and mortality. As a result, vascular calcification has been implicated as an independent risk factor in cardiovascular diseases. Many molecules are now known to be actively associated with this process. Recently, our laboratory found that posttranslational modification of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 is actively involved in the development of vascular calcification. In addition, we found that modulation of the activity of HDAC as well as its protein stability by MDM2, an HDAC1-E3 ligase, may be a therapeutic target in vascular calcification. In the present review, we overview the pathomechanism of vascular calcification and the involvement of posttranslational modification of epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk Hwa Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Kook Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
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Alesutan I, Voelkl J, Feger M, Kratschmar DV, Castor T, Mia S, Sacherer M, Viereck R, Borst O, Leibrock C, Gawaz M, Kuro-O M, Pilz S, Tomaschitz A, Odermatt A, Pieske B, Wagner CA, Lang F. Involvement Of Vascular Aldosterone Synthase In Phosphate-Induced Osteogenic Transformation Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2059. [PMID: 28515448 PMCID: PMC5435689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01882-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification resulting from hyperphosphatemia is a major determinant of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vascular calcification is driven by aldosterone-sensitive osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We show that even in absence of exogenous aldosterone, silencing and pharmacological inhibition (spironolactone, eplerenone) of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) ameliorated phosphate-induced osteo-/chondrogenic transformation of primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs). High phosphate concentrations up-regulated aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression in HAoSMCs. Silencing and deficiency of CYP11B2 in VSMCs ameliorated phosphate-induced osteogenic reprogramming and calcification. Phosphate treatment was followed by nuclear export of APEX1, a CYP11B2 transcriptional repressor. APEX1 silencing up-regulated CYP11B2 expression and stimulated osteo-/chondrogenic transformation. APEX1 overexpression blunted the phosphate-induced osteo-/chondrogenic transformation and calcification of HAoSMCs. Cyp11b2 expression was higher in aortic tissue of hyperphosphatemic klotho-hypomorphic (kl/kl) mice than in wild-type mice. In adrenalectomized kl/kl mice, spironolactone treatment still significantly ameliorated aortic osteoinductive reprogramming. Our findings suggest that VSMCs express aldosterone synthase, which is up-regulated by phosphate-induced disruption of APEX1-dependent gene suppression. Vascular CYP11B2 may contribute to stimulation of VSMCs osteo-/chondrogenic transformation during hyperphosphatemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Alesutan
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Denise V Kratschmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and the National Center for Excellence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tatsiana Castor
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sobuj Mia
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Sacherer
- Div. of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Translational Heart Failure Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Viereck
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Makoto Kuro-O
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Tomaschitz
- Div. of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Translational Heart Failure Research, Graz, Austria
- Bad Gleichenberg Clinic, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and the National Center for Excellence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin (DHZB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, and the National Center for Excellence in Research NCCR Kidney, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Deng Z, Liu X, Jin J, Xu H, Gao Q, Wang Y, Zhao J. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Trichostatin a Promotes the Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cells through p53 Signaling Pathway Activation. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1298-1308. [PMID: 27877082 PMCID: PMC5118776 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and expression in osteosarcoma cells and tissues from osteosarcoma patients and to examine the mechanism by which a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, Trichostatin A (TSA), promotes the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Methods: HDAC activity and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity were determined in nuclear extracts of MG63 cells, hFOB 1.19 cells and tissues from 6 patients with primary osteosarcoma. The protein expression of Class I HDACs (1, 2, 3 and 8) and the activation of the p53 signaling pathway were examined by Western blot. Cell growth and apoptosis were determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Nuclear HDAC activity and class I HDAC expression were significantly higher in MG63 cells than in hFOB 1.19 cells, and a similar trend was observed in the human osteosarcoma tissues compared with the paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues. TSA significantly inhibited the growth of MG63 cells and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner through p53 signaling pathway activation. Conclusion: Class I HDACs play a central role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, and HDAC inhibitors may thus have promise as new therapeutic agents against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhantao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaozhou Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiewen Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hwang SD, Kim SH, Kim YO, Jin DC, Song HC, Choi EJ, Kim YL, Kim YS, Kang SW, Kim NH, Yang CW, Kim YK. Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Levels Predict Infection-Related Mortality and Hospitalization in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157361. [PMID: 27310428 PMCID: PMC4911047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels have been reported to be associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, it is unclear whether serum ALP levels predict infection-related clinical outcomes in PD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between serum ALP levels, infection-related mortality and hospitalization in PD patients. METHODS PD patients from the Clinical Research Center registry for end-stage renal disease, a multicenter prospective observational cohort study in Korea, were included in the present study. Patients were categorized into three groups by serum ALP tertiles as follows: Tertile 1, ALP <78 U/L; Tertile 2, ALP = 78-155 U/L; Tertile 3, ALP >155 U/L. Tertile 1 was used as the reference category. The primary outcomes were infection-related mortality and hospitalization. RESULTS A total of 1,455 PD patients were included. The median follow-up period was 32 months. The most common cause of infection-related mortality and hospitalization was PD-related peritonitis. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that patients in the highest tertiles of serum ALP levels were at higher risk of infection-related mortality (HR 2.29, 95% CI, 1.42-5.21, P = 0.008) after adjustment for clinical variables. Higher tertiles of serum ALP levels were associated with higher risk of infection-related hospitalization (Tertile 2: HR 1.56, 95% CI, 1.18-2.19, P = 0.009, tertile 3: HR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.03-2.62, P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that elevated serum ALP levels were independently associated with a higher risk of infection-related mortality and hospitalization in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun Deuk Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Chan Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Chul Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Euy Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yon-Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cell Death Disease Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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MDM2 E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of HDAC1 in vascular calcification. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10492. [PMID: 26832969 PMCID: PMC4740400 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is often associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms linking VC to these diseases have yet to be elucidated. Here we report that MDM2-induced ubiquitination of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) mediates VC. Loss of HDAC1 activity via either chemical inhibitor or genetic ablation enhances VC. HDAC1 protein, but not mRNA, is reduced in cell and animal calcification models and in human calcified coronary artery. Under calcification-inducing conditions, proteasomal degradation of HDAC1 precedes VC and it is mediated by MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase that initiates HDAC1 K74 ubiquitination. Overexpression of MDM2 enhances VC, whereas loss of MDM2 blunts it. Decoy peptide spanning HDAC1 K74 and RG 7112, an MDM2 inhibitor, prevent VC in vivo and in vitro. These results uncover a previously unappreciated ubiquitination pathway and suggest MDM2-mediated HDAC1 ubiquitination as a new therapeutic target in VC. Vascular calcification (VC) increases morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Here, Kwon et al. show that calcification stimuli induce MDM2- mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of HDAC1, suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy for treatment of VC patients.
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Yoon S, Eom GH. HDAC and HDAC Inhibitor: From Cancer to Cardiovascular Diseases. Chonnam Med J 2016; 52:1-11. [PMID: 26865995 PMCID: PMC4742605 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2016.52.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulators that regulate the histone tail, chromatin conformation, protein-DNA interaction, and even transcription. HDACs are also post-transcriptional modifiers that regulate the protein acetylation implicated in several pathophysiologic states. HDAC inhibitors have been highlighted as a novel category of anti-cancer drugs. To date, four HDAC inhibitors, Vorinostat, Romidepsin, Panobinostat, and Belinostat, have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Principally, these HDAC inhibitors are used for hematologic cancers in clinic with less severe side effects. Clinical trials are continuously expanding to address other types of cancer and also nonmalignant diseases. HDAC inhibition also results in beneficial outcomes in various types of neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will briefly discuss 1) the roles of HDACs in the acquisition of a cancer's phenotype and the general outcome of the HDAC inhibitors in cancer, 2) the functional relevance of HDACs in cardiovascular diseases and the possible therapeutic implications of HDAC inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somy Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gwang Hyeon Eom
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Eom GH, Kook H. Role of histone deacetylase 2 and its posttranslational modifications in cardiac hypertrophy. BMB Rep 2015; 48:131-8. [PMID: 25388210 PMCID: PMC4453031 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.3.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a form of global remodeling, although the initial step seems to be an adaptation to increased hemodynamic demands. The characteristics of cardiac hypertrophy include the functional reactivation of the arrested fetal gene program, where histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely linked in the development of the process. To date, mammalian HDACs are divided into four classes: I, II, III, and IV. By structural similarities, class II HDACs are then subdivided into IIa and IIb. Among class I and II HDACs, HDAC2, 4, 5, and 9 have been reported to be involved in hypertrophic responses; HDAC4, 5, and 9 are negative regulators, whereas HDAC2 is a pro-hypertrophic mediator. The molecular function and regulation of class IIa HDACs depend largely on the phosphorylation-mediated cytosolic redistribution, whereas those of HDAC2 take place primarily in the nucleus. In response to stresses, posttranslational modification (PTM) processes, dynamic modifications after the translation of proteins, are involved in the regulation of the activities of those hypertrophy-related HDACs. In this article, we briefly review 1) the activation of HDAC2 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and 2) the PTM of HDAC2 and its implications in the regulation of HDAC2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Hyeon Eom
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
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Sonou T, Ohya M, Yashiro M, Masumoto A, Nakashima Y, Ito T, Mima T, Negi S, Kimura-Suda H, Shigematsu T. Mineral Composition of Phosphate-Induced Calcification in a Rat Aortic Tissue Culture Model. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:1197-206. [PMID: 26119071 DOI: 10.5551/jat.28647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM High phosphorus conditions promote vascular calcification (VC) in both chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and experimental models. However, the composition of medial calcification has not been accurately determined, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the mineral composition of calcification in a tissue culture model, not a cell culture system. METHODS Aortic rings obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated in serum-supplemented medium for 10 days. The inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentration of the medium was increased to induce VC, which was assessed by histology, imaging, and spectroscopy. The mineral composition of the calcification was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping. RESULTS The calcium content significantly increased only in aortic rings cultured for 10 days in the high-Pi medium (HiP: 3.8 mmol/L). The concentration of the phosphate transporter Pit-1 in the aortic tissue exposed to HiP was higher than that in the control incubated sections. The FTIR images and spectra indicated that PO4(3-) was mostly distributed as hydroxyapatite in the medial calcification of aortic rings cultured in HiP. A small quantity of carbonate was identified. The SEM-EDX overlay map demonstrated that phosphorus and calcium simultaneously accumulated and localized in the area of medial calcification induced by exposure to HiP. CONCLUSION This is the first report of accurate determination of the chemical composition of aortic medial calcification. Exposure to high Pi concentration augments aortic calcification via an increase in Pit-1, which mainly contains calcium phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Sonou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
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Zheng XX, Zhou T, Wang XA, Tong XH, Ding JW. Histone deacetylases and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2014; 240:355-66. [PMID: 25875381 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common pathological process that leads to cardiovascular diseases, a disease of large- and medium-sized arteries that is characterized by a formation of atherosclerotic plaques consisting of necrotic cores, calcified regions, accumulated modified lipids, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), endothelial cells, leukocytes, and foam cells. Recently, the question about how to suppress the occurrence of atherosclerosis and alleviate the progress of cardiovascular disease becomes the hot topic. Accumulating evidence suggests that histone deacetylases(HDACs) play crucial roles in arteriosclerosis. This review summarizes the effect of HDACs and HDAC inhibitors(HDACi) on the progress of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-xia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin-An Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-hong Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-wang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei Province, China.
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Eom GH, Kook H. Posttranslational modifications of histone deacetylases: Implications for cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:168-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Varol N, Konac E, Onen IH, Gurocak S, Alp E, Yilmaz A, Menevse S, Sozen S. The epigenetically regulated effects of Wnt antagonists on the expression of genes in the apoptosis pathway in human bladder cancer cell line (T24). DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:408-17. [PMID: 24665856 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic suppression of Wnt antagonists (sFRPs, DKKs, and WIF-1) causes the activation of both β-catenin and target genes, which play an important role in cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. This study is aimed to investigate, on transcriptional and protein levels, the synergic effects of unaccompanied and/or combined use of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC, 5-aza-dC), trichostatin A (TSA), and gemcitabine+cisplatin chemotherapeutic agents on the apoptotic pathway of human bladder cancer cell line T24. The anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine (0-500 nM), cisplatin (0-10 μM), DAC (10 μM), and TSA (300 nM) alone and/or together on T24 cells were determined by WST-1. ELISA method was used to analyze the effects of unaccompanied and combined use of gemcitabine+cisplatin, DAC, and TSA on cell proliferation and determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic dosages at the level of H3 histone acetylation. Methylation-specific PCR was used to evaluate methylation profiles of Wnt antagonist gene (WIF-1). In the case of unaccompanied and/or combined use of specified drugs, the variations in the expression levels of CTNNB1, GSK3β, c-MYC, CCND1, CASP-3, CASP-8, CASP-9, BCL2L1, and WIF-1 genes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Our results indicate that through inhibition of DNA methylation, expression of β-catenin and Wnt antagonist re-activation and expressions of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes, c-myc and cyclin D1 (CCND1), have decreased. In addition, DAC, TSA, and gemcitabine+cisplatin combination caused an increase in GSK3β mRNA levels, which in turn significantly decreased CCND1 mRNA levels. Moreover, BCL2L1, an anti-apoptotic gene, was downregulated significantly. Meanwhile, both CASP-3 mRNA and active caspase-3 protein levels increased with respect to control (p<0.01). The results revealed that use of quadruplicate gemcitabine+cisplatin+DAC+TSA combination led to a reduced inhibition of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and reduced cell proliferation. Our findings may offer a new approach to consider in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Varol
- 1 Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University , Besevler, Ankara, Turkey
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Azechi T, Sato F, Sudo R, Wachi H. 5-aza-2'-Deoxycytidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, facilitates the inorganic phosphorus-induced mineralization of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 21:463-76. [PMID: 24441913 DOI: 10.5551/jat.20818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Vascular calcification, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD), refers to the mineralization of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) caused by phenotypic changes toward osteoblast-like cells. DNA methylation, mediated by DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs), plays an important role in the differentiation of osteoblasts. We herein assessed the effects of a DNMT inhibitor on phenotypic changes in VSMCs and the development of vascular calcification. METHODS The effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-aza-dC), a DNMT inhibitor, on human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCs) were evaluated. The expression and DNA methylation status of osteogenic genes were determined using RT-qPCR and bisulfite sequencing, respectively. Mineralization of HASMCs was induced by high concentrations of inorganic phosphate(Pi), as confirmed by quantitation of the calcium levels and von Kossa staining. Moreover, we examined the effects of the suppression of DNMT1 and/or alkaline phosphatase(ALP) on the mineralization of HASMCs. RESULTS 5-aza-dC increased the expression and activity of ALP and reduced the DNA methylation levels of the ALP promoter region in the HASMCs. In addition, both treatment with 5-aza-dC and downregulation of the DNMT1 expression promoted the Pi-induced mineralization of HASMCs. Moreover, both treatment with phosphonoformic acid(PFA), a sodium-dependent phosphate transporter inhibitor, and suppression of the ALP expression inhibited the 5-aza-dC-promoted mineralization of HASMCs. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that DNMT inhibitors facilitate the Pi-induced development of vascular calcification via the upregulation of the ALP expression along with a reduction in the DNA methylation level of the ALP promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Azechi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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