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Pillai DDM, Valliappan S, Sivalingam B, Nyklesh V, Nandini K, Kumarappan K, Nagappan N. Prevalence of Dental Caries among Thermal Power Station Workers in South India. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1396-S1399. [PMID: 38882865 PMCID: PMC11174320 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_715_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increase in the trend of rapid industrialization has resulted in the mushrooming of industries in various sectors throughout the world. This study tries to document caries prevalence among thermal power station workers in South India. Materials and Methods A pilot study was conducted among 53 thermal power station workers, and based on the same, the sample size was calculated. Results The caries prevalence was 62.5% in thermal power station I workers and 61.5% in thermal power station II workers. The mean DMFT was 2.96 among thermal power station I workers and 2.87 among thermal power station II workers. Conclusion The caries prevalence was 79.2% in the 35- to 44-year-old age group, according to the National Oral Health Survey and Fluoride Mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subramanian Valliappan
- Department of Paediatrics, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, K K Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balaji Sivalingam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Nyklesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Nandini
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannan Kumarappan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagappan Nagappan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
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Pillai DDM, Palaneeswaran K, Sivalingam B, Annamalai I, Shobana G, Aziz MBA, Nagappan N. Prevalence of Periodontitis among Thermal Power Station Workers in South India. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1393-S1395. [PMID: 38882721 PMCID: PMC11174283 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_716_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The occupational stressors has an effect on overall health and dental health. Oral health is a vital aspect of general health. The current study was performed to assess the periodontitis among thermal power station workers in South India. Pilot study was done for 52 mine workers and based on the periodontal disease prevalence among them, the sample size was calculated as 603 subjects. The data collection was done using WHO 1997 proforma. Among the total study population, about 92 (30%) thermal power station 1 workers and 83 (28.1%) thermal power station 2 workers had pocket 4-5 mm, one (0.2%) thermal power station, 2 worker had pocket 6 mm or more thermal power station I workers, and 23 (7.8%) thermal power station 2 workers had 6 - 8 mm attachment loss. Only 1 (0.3%) thermal power station I worker had 9 - 11 mm attachment loss. In the current study, nearly 70% mine workers had calculus, nearly 30% had pocket 4-5 mm, and only 0.2% Mine II workers had pocket measuring 6 mm or more.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamalashankar Palaneeswaran
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balaji Sivalingam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Indra Annamalai
- Department of Orthodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Shobana
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Venkateshwaraa Dental College, Ariyur, Puducherry, India
| | - Mac B Abdul Aziz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagappan Nagappan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India
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Strauss M, Lavie CJ, Lippi G, Brzęk A, Vollenberg R, Sanchis-Gomar F, Leischik R. A systematic review of prevalence of metabolic syndrome in occupational groups - Does occupation matter in the global epidemic of metabolic syndrome? Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 75:69-77. [PMID: 36162483 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many occupations can influence the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This systematic review aims to evaluate studies on MetS prevalence in different occupational groups from different countries. An integrative review of the literature was conducted within the PubMed and Web of Science databases between January 2005 and February 2022. Only studies with over 3000 subjects that presented data about the prevalence of MetS in different occupational groups were included. The classification of occupational groups was based on the statistical category of economic activities in the European Community (EC). Of a total of 1942 screened records, ten studies were included, showing that MetS is a common health (main) risk factor in all occupational groups. However, the prevalence of MetS varies between nationalities, between and within occupational groups, and between genders. The reasons for this variation appear complex and supported by several causal explanations. The prevalence of MetS was highest among women in a group of Korean skilled agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers (Prevalence: 39.2%). Similarly, among men, the highest prevalence was found in Korean equipment, machine operating, and assembling workers (Prevalence: 35.4%). Male information and communication technology professionals from the Netherlands (Prevalence: 6.2%) and Spanish female catering and hospitality, personal, and security service workers (Prevalence: 5.9%) had the lowest rates of MetS. Overall, the results indicated that valid data on this topic are insufficient, and more randomized controlled trials are needed. Moreover, the different definitions of MetS complicate the accurate comparison between studies, paving the way to achieving consensus on a universal definition of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Strauss
- Department of Cardiology I- Coronary and Periphal Vascular Disease, Heart Failure Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Cardiol, 48149 Muenster, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Brzęk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Richard Vollenberg
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Roman Leischik
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany
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Yang X, Di W, Zeng Y, Liu D, Han M, Qie R, Huang S, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Hu D, Sun L. Association between shift work and risk of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2792-2799. [PMID: 34332862 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A comprehensive assessment of the association of shift work with risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) through a systematic review and meta-analysis has not been reported. We aimed to evaluate the relationship from observational studies. DATA SYNTHESIS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 16, 2020. Articles were chosen according to established inclusion criteria. Studies with data on men and women and different types of shift work were treated as independent studies. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using random-effects models with heterogeneity (I2) > 50%; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was used. A total of 7192 articles was searched from PubMed, Embase and Web of science. Finally, we included 23 articles (38 studies) in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs and 95% CI of MetS risk with shift work, 1-shift work, 2-shift work, and 3-shift work versus non-shift work were 1.30 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), 0.95 (95% CI 0.82-1.11), 1.19 (95% CI 0.91-1.56) and 1.17 (95% CI 1.00-1.37), respectively. The results from subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age, and region supported our overall findings that shift work is a risk factor for MetS. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that shift work increases risk of MetS. Higher risk of MetS was found in the shift workers who were 2-shift or 3-shift or women or Asian workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Zeng
- Center for Health Management, Shenzhen Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Qie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Gamboa Madeira S, Fernandes C, Paiva T, Santos Moreira C, Caldeira D. The Impact of Different Types of Shift Work on Blood Pressure and Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136738. [PMID: 34201492 PMCID: PMC8269039 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shift work (SW) encompasses 20% of the European workforce. Moreover, high blood pressure (BP) remains a leading cause of death globally. This review aimed to synthesize the magnitude of the potential impact of SW on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension (HTN). MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched for epidemiological studies evaluating BP and/or HTN diagnosis among shift workers, compared with day workers. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed and the results were expressed as pooled mean differences or odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias. Forty-five studies were included, involving 117,252 workers. We found a significant increase in both SBD and DBP among permanent night workers (2.52 mmHg, 95% CI 0.75-4.29 and 1.76 mmHg, 95% CI 0.41-3.12, respectively). For rotational shift workers, both with and without night work, we found a significant increase but only for SBP (0.65 mmHg, 95% CI 0.07-1.22 and 1.28 mmHg, 95% CI 0.18-2.39, respectively). No differences were found for HTN. Our findings suggest that SW is associated with an increase of BP, mainly for permanent night workers and for SBP. This is of special interest given the large number of susceptible workers exposed over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gamboa Madeira
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Family Health Unit Mactamã, Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, 2745-862 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Carina Fernandes
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Neurology Department, Hospital das Forças Armadas, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Paiva
- Sleep Medicine Center (CENC), 1070-068 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Nova Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Santos Moreira
- Medicine Clinic I, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Daniel Caldeira
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria/Santa Maria University Hospital—Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL), CAML, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
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Demir I, Toker A, Aksoy H, Tasyurek E, Zengin S. The Impact of Shift Type on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Platelet Activation. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e127-e131. [PMID: 33652448 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rotating shift is known to disrupt circadian rhythms. The 12/24 shift system, with frequent day-night rotations and the ergonomic shift system (ESS), with 90% less rotations were compared for their impacts on oxidative stress, inflammation, and platelet activation by using pentraxin 3 (PTX3), urinary 15-isoprostane F2t, and 11-dehydrotromboxane B2 (11-DTB2). METHODS All tests were performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Unpaired t test and Pearson correlation analysis were employed. RESULTS Two hundred twenty 12/24 and 198 ESS workers were included. Plasma PTX3 and urinary 15-isoprostane F2t levels were not different between groups. Urinary 11-DTB2 in 12/24 workers were found significantly higher compared with ESS workers (P < 0.0001). A weak but significant correlation was found between urinary 15-isoprostane F2t and urinary 11-DTB2 levels (r = 0.17, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS 12/24 rotating shift was found to cause platelet activation disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Demir
- Independent Researcher (Dr Demir, Dr Aksoy, Dr Zengin); Hipokrat Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul (Dr Toker); Community Health Center, Karaman (Dr Tasyurek), Turkey
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Wang Y, Yu L, Gao Y, Jiang L, Yuan L, Wang P, Cao Y, Song X, Ge L, Ding G. Association between shift work or long working hours with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:318-333. [PMID: 33557625 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1797763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis investigates the relationship between both shift work and long working hours and risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched from the outset to December 10, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. A total of 36 (30 cross-sectional, 5 cohort, and a nested case-control) studies, involving 274,263 participants, were included. The pooled odds ratio of shift work and development of MetS was 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.24-1.48), and the pooled odds ratio of long working hours and development of MetS was 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.46). In the subgroup analysis stratified by gender, the pooled odds ratios for male and female shift workers were 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.37) and 1.47 (95% confidence interval: 1.18-1.82), respectively. The dose-response (number of years of shift work and development of MetS) analysis showed the pooled odds ratio for 5 years of shift work was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.09) and for 10 years of shift work 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.15). Our meta-analysis confirmed shift work is significantly associated with risk of metabolic syndrome, but the relationship between long working hours and MetS was not substantiated. Additionally, there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between the number of years of shift work and risk of MetS, showing positive relationship to about 20 years of shift work but not for longer than 20 years. Prospective cohort studies regarding specific shift work schedules are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Yinyan Gao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Yanwen Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Xuping Song
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Long Ge
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China.,Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Guowu Ding
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
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Khosravipour M, Khanlari P, Khazaie S, Khosravipour H, Khazaie H. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome: The roles of sleep, gender, and type of shift work. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 57:101427. [PMID: 33556868 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and quantify the roles of sleep, gender, and type of shift work. We searched online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science on November 17, 2019. Of the 821 articles identified, 38 observational studies (27 cross-sectional, 10 cohorts, and one nested case-control), conducted on 128,416 participants, met our eligibility criteria. The pooled Odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence interval (CI) of MetS in shift-versus day-workers were estimated as 1.14 (1.07, 1.21) and 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) for the unadjusted and adjusted models. This association remained significant only for the studies with a cross-sectional design. There was a significantly higher odds of MetS in the studies conducted only on females (1.13 [1.06, 1.20]) or males (1.12 [1.02, 1.21]). The pooled adjusted OR (95% CI) for the studies without and with sleep adjustment was calculated as 1.14 (1.08, 1.21) and 1.29 (1.06, 1.52). We observed that rotating shift workers had stronger odds of MetS than the other shift workers. In conclusion, our findings revealed the significant odds of an association between shift work and MetS and different effects for sleep, gender, and type of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Payam Khanlari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Khazaie
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hadis Khosravipour
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Santana AIC, Merces MCD, Magalhães LBNC, Costa ALB, D'Oliveira A. Association between metabolic syndrome and work: an integrative review of the literature. Rev Bras Med Trab 2020; 18:185-193. [PMID: 33324460 PMCID: PMC7732037 DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to highlight the association between occupational aspects and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among various occupational groups. This is an integrative review of the literature that included articles indexed in the following databases: LILACS, SciELO, PubMed, and CINAHL. We evaluated 32 articles, most of which were published in Englishlanguage medical journals and with level 4 scientific evidence. The occupational aspects most commonly reported as associated with metabolic syndrome were occupation, work shift, and occupational stress. Our results indicated that occupational aspects could negatively interfere with workers' health; more robust longitudinal studies should contribute to further uncovering the reported associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amália Ivine Costa Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) - Salvador (BA), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Argemiro D'Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) - Salvador (BA), Brazil
- Medicina, UFBA - Salvador (BA), Brasil
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Benedito-Silva AA, Evans S, Viana Mendes J, Castro J, Gonçalves BDSB, Ruiz FS, Beijamini F, Evangelista FS, Vallada H, Krieger JE, von Schantz M, Pereira AC, Pedrazzoli M. Association between light exposure and metabolic syndrome in a rural Brazilian town. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238772. [PMID: 32946454 PMCID: PMC7500684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition comprising a ‘clustering’ of components representing cardiometabolic risk factors for heart disease and diabetes; its prevalence rate is high and consequences serious. Evidence suggests that light exposure patterns and misalignment of circadian rhythms might contribute to MetS etiology by impacting energy metabolism and glucose regulation. Objective We hypothesised that individuals with MetS would show disrupted circadian and sleep parameters alongside differences in light exposure profiles. We investigated this using data from a cohort study in Brazil. Methods Data from 103 individuals from the Baependi Heart Cohort Study aged between 50 and 70 were analysed. Motor activity and light exposure were measured using wrist-worn actigraphy devices. Cardiometabolic data were used to calculate the number of MetS components present in each participant, and participants grouped as MetS/non-MetS according to standard guidelines. Between-group comparisons were made for the actigraphy measures; additionally, correlation analyses were conducted. Results Motor activity and circadian profiles showed no differences between groups. However, the MetS group presented lower light exposure during the day and higher light exposure at night. Correlation analyses, including all participants, showed that greater daytime light exposure and greater light exposure difference between day and night were associated with reduced MetS risk (a lower number of MetS components). Also, the light exposure difference between day and night correlated with body mass index across all participants. Conclusions The observed results suggest a direct association between light exposure and MetS which appears to not be attributable to disruptions in circadian activity rhythm nor to sleep parameters. This link between light exposure patterns and MetS risk could inform possible prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Evans
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Juliana Viana Mendes
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Castro
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francieli S. Ruiz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Beijamini
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Realeza, Brazil
| | | | - Homero Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Consequences of Circadian Disruption in Shift Workers on Chrononutrition and their Psychosocial Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062043. [PMID: 32204445 PMCID: PMC7142532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The workers and employees in various institutions are subjected to different shifts and work schedules. The employees work not only at daytime but also during odd hours at night. The biological clock of an individual is often altered during night shifts. This affects the psychosocial well-being and circadian nutritional intake of the worker. Disturbance in circadian rhythm results in the development of metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, and abdominal obesity. In the present review, we discuss the nature of shift work, sleep/wake cycle of an individual, chrononutrition, dietary habits, and meal changes with regard to timing and frequency, related to shift work. We also discuss the relationship between nutritional intake and psychosocial well-being among shift workers. The review may be beneficial for prevention of metabolic disorders and maintaining sound psychological condition in shift workers.
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Guo T, Song D, Ho CT, Zhang X, Zhang C, Cao J, Wu Z. Omics Analyses of Gut Microbiota in a Circadian Rhythm Disorder Mouse Model Fed with Oolong Tea Polyphenols. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8847-8854. [PMID: 31328515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome has been revealed as a key element involved in maintaining the circadian rhythms. Oolong tea polyphenols (OTP) has been shown to have potential prebiotic activity. Therefore, this study focused on the regulation mechanisms of OTP on host circadian rhythms. After 8 weeks of OTP administration, a large expansion in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes with a decrease in Firmicutes was observed, which reflected the positive modulatory effect of OTP on gut flora. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways of ATP-binding cassette transporters, two-component system, and the biosynthesis of amino acids enriched the most differentially expressed genes after OTP treatment. Of the differentially expressed proteins identified, most were related to metabolism, genetic information processing, and environmental information processing. It underscores the ability of OTP to regulate circadian rhythm by enhancing beneficial intestinal microbiota and affecting metabolic pathways, contributing to the improvement of host microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08901 , United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
| | - Chundan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
| | - Jinxuan Cao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P.R. China
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Nikpour M, Tirgar A, Hajiahmadi M, Hosseini A, Heidari B, Ghaffari F, Ebadi A, Nasiri F, Firouzbakht M. Shift work and metabolic syndrome: A multi-center cross-sectional study on females of reproductive age. Biomed Rep 2019; 10:311-317. [PMID: 31086665 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work during reproductive age can be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. The present study evaluated the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome during reproductive age. This multi-center cross-sectional correlational study was performed between September 2017 and May 2018. A total of 419 female shift and day workers were purposively recruited to the study from three central cities in Mazandaran, Iran. To diagnose metabolic syndrome based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines, the anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and levels of serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein and fasting blood sugar were taken. Data were analyzed using the independent-sample t, Chi-square and the Fisher's exact tests as well as the logistic regression analysis. Among the 419 participants, 28 were excluded during the study. The total prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 16.3%, and its prevalence among shift workers and day workers was 17.3 and 14.9%, respectively. The most prevalent components of metabolic syndrome were low serum level of high-density lipoprotein and abdominal obesity. Following adjustments for the effects of potential cofounders, the logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of metabolic syndrome among shift workers was ~2 times greater than day workers (odds ratio, 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.088-3.79), although this association was statistically insignificant (P=0.10). The results of the current study suggest that shift work is associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome for women. The most important components of metabolic syndrome are low serum level of high-density lipoprotein and abdominal obesity, which are attributable to limited physical activity and high occupational stress. The risk of metabolic syndrome among female shift workers of reproductive age may be reduced through strategies, including awareness raising, dietary educations and provision of physical activity facilities in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nikpour
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Aram Tirgar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Mahmod Hajiahmadi
- Department of Biostatistics, Non Communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Akram Hosseini
- Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Behzad Heidari
- Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359-16471, Iran
| | - Fatemh Nasiri
- Midwifery Department, Fateme Zahra Fertility and Infertility Research Health Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
| | - Mojgan Firouzbakht
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47745-47176, Iran
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Abstract
Kidney disorders have been associated with a variety of sleep-related disorders. Therefore, researchers are placing greater emphasis on finding the role of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the development of obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Unfortunately, the presence of other sleep-related disorders with CKDs and non-CKDs has not been investigated with the same clinical rigor. Recent studies have revealed that myriad of sleep disorders are associated with CKDs. Furthermore, there are a few non-CKD-related disorders that are associated with sleep disorders. In this narrative review, we provide a balanced view of the spectrum of sleep disorders (as identified in International Classification of Sleep disorders-3) related to different types of renal disorders prominently including but not exclusively limited to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Nigam
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Clay County Hospital, Flora, IL
| | - Macario Camacho
- Division of Otolaryngology, Sleep Surgery and Sleep Medicine, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Edward T Chang
- Division of Otolaryngology, Sleep Surgery and Sleep Medicine, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Astria Health Center, Grandview, WA, USA
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Spinedi E, Cardinali DP. The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Possible Chronobiotic-Cytoprotective Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:1349868. [PMID: 30147722 PMCID: PMC6083563 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1349868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a highly frequent reproductive-endocrine disorder affecting up to 8-10% of women worldwide at reproductive age. Although its etiology is not fully understood, evidence suggests that insulin resistance, with or without compensatory hyperinsulinemia, and hyperandrogenism are very common features of the polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype. Dysfunctional white adipose tissue has been identified as a major contributing factor for insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Environmental (e.g., chronodisruption) and genetic/epigenetic factors may also play relevant roles in syndrome development. Overweight and/or obesity are very common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, thus suggesting that some polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome female phenotypes share common characteristics. Sleep disturbances have been reported to double in women with PCOS and obstructive sleep apnea is a common feature in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Maturation of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion pattern in girls in puberty is closely related to changes in the sleep-wake cycle and could have relevance in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. This review article focuses on two main issues in the polycystic ovary syndrome-metabolic syndrome phenotype development: (a) the impact of androgen excess on white adipose tissue function and (b) the possible efficacy of adjuvant melatonin therapy to improve the chronobiologic profile in polycystic ovary syndrome-metabolic syndrome individuals. Genetic variants in melatonin receptor have been linked to increased risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, to impairments in insulin secretion, and to increased fasting glucose levels. Melatonin therapy may protect against several metabolic syndrome comorbidities in polycystic ovary syndrome and could be applied from the initial phases of patients' treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Spinedi
- Centre for Experimental and Applied Endocrinology (CENEXA, UNLP-CONICET-FCM), CEAS-CICPBA, La Plata Medical School, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniel P. Cardinali
- BIOMED-UCA-CONICET and Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Khalyfa A, Poroyko VA, Qiao Z, Gileles-Hillel A, Khalyfa AA, Akbarpour M, Almendros I, Farré R, Gozal D. Exosomes and Metabolic Function in Mice Exposed to Alternating Dark-Light Cycles Mimicking Night Shift Work Schedules. Front Physiol 2017; 8:882. [PMID: 29163218 PMCID: PMC5673652 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is an important modulator of metabolic function. Disruptions of sleep in circadian rhythm are common in modern societies and are associated with increased risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders. Exosomes are ubiquitous extracellular vesicles that may play a mechanistic role in metabolic derangements. We hypothesized that alternating dark-light cycles mimicking shift work in mice would alter fecal microbiota and colonic epithelium permeability and alter plasma exosome cargo and metabolic function. C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to (i) control day light (CL), or (ii) inverted dark-light every 2 weeks for 8 weeks (IN). Body weight, fat mass and HOMA-IR were measured, along with Tregs, metabolic, and resident macrophages in visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT). Fecal water samples were incubated with confluent colonic epithelium cell cultures in electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) arrays, and plasma exosomes were added to differentiated adipocytes and insulin-induced pAKT/AKT expression changes were assessed by western blots. Mice exposed to IN showed elevated HOMA-IR, and their fecal samples showed altered microbiota which promote increased permeability of the colonic epithelial cell barrier. Plasma exosomes decreased pAKT/AKT responses to exogenous insulin compared to CL, and altered expression of circadian clock genes. Inflammatory macrophages (Ly-6chigh) were increased in IN-exposed vWAT, while Tregs were decreased. Thus, gut microbiota and the cargo of plasma exosomes are altered by periodic shifts in environmental lighting, and effectively alter metabolic function, possibly via induction of systemic inflammation and altered clock expression in target tissues. Further exploration of exosomal miRNA signatures in shift workers and their putative metabolic organ cell targets appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Valeriy A Poroyko
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zhuanhong Qiao
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alex Gileles-Hillel
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ahamed A Khalyfa
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mahzad Akbarpour
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Cardinali DP, Vigo DE. Melatonin, mitochondria, and the metabolic syndrome. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3941-3954. [PMID: 28819865 PMCID: PMC11107716 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A number of risk factors for cardiovascular disease including hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and elevated blood pressure are collectively known as metabolic syndrome (MS). Since mitochondrial activity is modulated by the availability of energy in cells, the disruption of key regulators of metabolism in MS not only affects the activity of mitochondria but also their dynamics and turnover. Therefore, a link of MS with mitochondrial dysfunction has been suspected since long. As a chronobiotic/cytoprotective agent, melatonin has a special place in prevention and treatment of MS. Melatonin levels are reduced in diseases associated with insulin resistance like MS. Melatonin improves sleep efficiency and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, partly for its role as a metabolic regulator and mitochondrial protector. We discuss in the present review the several cytoprotective melatonin actions that attenuate inflammatory responses in MS. The clinical data that support the potential therapeutical value of melatonin in human MS are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cardinali
- BIOMED-UCA-CONICET and Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1500, 4o piso, 1107, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel E Vigo
- BIOMED-UCA-CONICET and Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1500, 4o piso, 1107, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lu K, Chen J, Wang L, Wang C, Ding R, Wu S, Hu D. Association of Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality and Shift-Work Schedule in Relation to Hypertension Prevalence in Chinese Adult Males: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020210. [PMID: 28230809 PMCID: PMC5334764 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicated that measurement of sleep only by duration and quality may be biased. This study aimed to investigate the interactive association of self-reported sleep duration, quality and shift-work schedule with hypertension prevalence in Chinese adult males. Methods: A total of 4519 Chinese adult males (≥18 years) were enrolled into the cross-sectional survey. Sleep attributes were measured from the responses to the standard Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and relevant questions in a structured questionnaire survey. The association of sleep duration, quality and shift-work schedule with hypertension prevalence was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, considering the interaction between them or not. Results: Taking the potential interaction of the three aspects of sleep into consideration, only short sleep duration combined with poor sleep quality was found to be related to hypertension prevalence in Chinese adult males (odds ratio (OR): 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31–2.31), which could be modified by occasional and frequent shift-work schedule (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05–1.95; OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.40–2.79). Conclusions: Short sleep duration was not associated with the prevalence of hypertension in Chinese adult males unless poor sleep quality exists, which could be further modified by shift-work schedule. Assessment of sleep by measuring sleep duration only was not sufficient when exploring the association of sleep with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yong Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Changying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Rongjing Ding
- Heart Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Shouling Wu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan 100816, China.
| | - Dayi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine association of shift work with sleep quality in police officers. METHODS Data were obtained from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress study (n = 363). An electronic work history database was used to define shift as day, afternoon, or night for three durations: past month, 1 year, and 15 years. Sleep quality was determined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 54%; 44% for day, 60% for afternoon, and 69% for night shift. Poor sleep quality was 70% more prevalent among night-shift officers (P < 0.001) and 49% higher among those on the afternoon shift (P = 0.003) relative to officers working on the day shift. CONCLUSIONS Night and evening work schedules are associated with elevated prevalence of poor sleep quality among police officers.
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Opperhuizen AL, Wang D, Foppen E, Jansen R, Boudzovitch-Surovtseva O, de Vries J, Fliers E, Kalsbeek A. Feeding during the resting phase causes profound changes in physiology and desynchronization between liver and muscle rhythms of rats. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2795-2806. [PMID: 27562056 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Shiftworkers run an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders, presumably as a result of disturbed circadian physiology. Eating at a time-of-day that is normally dedicated to resting and fasting, may contribute to this association. The hypothalamus is the key brain area that integrates different inputs, including environmental time information from the central biological clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, with peripheral information on energy status to maintain energy homeostasis. The orexin system within the lateral hypothalamus is an important output of the suprachiasmatic nuclei involved in the control of sleep/wake behavior and glucose homeostasis, among other functions. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that feeding during the rest period disturbs the orexin system as a possible underlying contributor to metabolic health problems. Male Wistar rats were exposed to an 8-week protocol in which food was available ad libitum for 24-h, for 12-h during the light phase (i.e., unnatural feeding time) or for 12-h during the dark phase (i.e., restricted feeding, but at the natural time-of-day). Animals forced to eat at an unnatural time, i.e., during the light period, showed no changes in orexin and orexin-receptor gene expression in the hypothalamus, but the rhythmic expression of clock genes in the lateral hypothalamus was absent in these animals. Light fed animals did show adverse changes in whole-body physiology and internal desynchronization of muscle and liver clock and metabolic gene expression. Eating at the 'wrong' time-of-day thus causes internal desynchronization at different levels, which in the long run may disrupt body physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Loes Opperhuizen
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dawei Wang
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Ewout Foppen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remi Jansen
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Boudzovitch-Surovtseva
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke de Vries
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abbas I, Mohammad SA, Peddireddy PR, Mocherla M, Koppula YR, Avidapu R. Oral Health Status of Underground Coal Mine Workers of Ramakrishnapur, Adilabad District, Telangana, India - A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC28-31. [PMID: 26894171 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/15777.7059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Standard of living and quality of life of people has been improved by the expanding industrial activity, but at the other end it has created many occupational hazards. Coal mining is one of the major age old industries throughout the world and in India. Till date very less literature is available worldwide and in India concerning the oral health status of laborers in this field. AIM To assess the oral health status of underground coal mine workers, oral hygiene practices, alcohol and tobacco habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the underground coal mine workers of a coal mine located in Adilabad district, Telangana, according to the criteria described in the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment form (2013). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics were done. RESULTS A total of 356 workers participated in the study. Ninety percent of the subjects were with tobacco and/or alcohol habits. Dental caries was prevalent in more than half (55.6%) of the study subjects with a mean DMFT of 2.32±2.99. About 48.3% study subjects were with untreated dental caries and 20.3% subjects were with missing teeth. DMFT ≤=6 was seen in 45.5% of subjects and 10.1% have DMFT scores ≥=7. Periodontal disease was the most prevalent condition seen in the population with 94.4% subjects having unhealthy periodontium in terms of gingival bleeding and/or periodontal pockets. About 186 (52.25%) and 145 (40.73%) of subjects were with 0-3mm and 4-5mm loss of attachment respectively. Fourteen percent of population showed dental traumatic injuries. CONCLUSION The findings highlighted the high caries prevalence, higher periodontal disease, traumatic injuries which requires immediate intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irram Abbas
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shakeel Anjum Mohammad
- Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Parthasarathi Reddy Peddireddy
- Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Monica Mocherla
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Yadav Rao Koppula
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajashekhar Avidapu
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery , Vikarabad, Hyderabad, India
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Bengmark S. Obesity, the deadly quartet and the contribution of the neglected daily organ rest - a new dimension of un-health and its prevention. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2015; 4:278-88. [PMID: 26312244 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The "deadly quartet": excessive weight, hypertension, impaired glucose homeostasis, and atherogenic dyslipidemia constitute a greater threat to health than the added effects of smoking and alcohol abuse. It is strongly associated with unrestricted consumption of processed, refined foods. Recent observations from experience in South East Asia shows that the interval between lifestyle changes and associated change in disease pattern is shorter than earlier believed. Recent experience from obesity studies in Africa demonstrates not only dramatic changes in health but also large social consequences from being overweight. Obesity is not only a result of overeating - dozens of other factors are known to contribute. Our palaeolithic forefathers and those living a similar lifestyle today are reported to rarely have diseases and to live a long life. One such group is the Hunzas, living in Northern Pakistan, are reported to live on a daily 1,800-calorie 99% plant-based diet, consisting in 73% of mostly unrefined/unprocessed carbohydrates, 17% fat and 10% protein. They, and most likely also our forefathers, do/did most likely only eat twice a day, at noon and early evening. Calorie-restriction (CR) and also fasting was early recommended and has been so during thousands of years - early Greek medicine and giants such as Hippocrates, Galenus and later also Paracelsus prescribed restrictions in eating and fasting. So did Middle Age physicians and other nutrition experts such as Louis Cornado. Today it is again practiced around the World. Overeating and heavy postprandial metabolism is a great burden to the body causing elevated levels in blood of endotoxin, increased inflammatory and oxidative stress, release of tumor necrosis factor-α, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, increases in numbers of and activating of leukocytes, a reaction that is potentiated by the presence of large-chain fatty acids and sugars. Various metabolic, uremic, microbiota-derived and environmental poisons accumulate in large amounts in the adipose tissues. High levels of poisons in the adipose tissues decreases the turnover of fats in order to protect other organs. The content in adipose of POPs - altogether 17 dioxins/furans and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, has been reported to be 2-3 times higher in obese compared to lean persons. Daily fasting consisting in 16 to 18 hours of avoidance of calorie intake offers an interesting alternative. An attractive policy is to abstain from eating between 18:00 in the evening and 10:00 or 12:00 AM, a plan, which I personally have practiced during many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig Bengmark
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6AU, UK
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Moreno É, Martino MMFD, Costa RFD. Prevalência de síndrome metabólica em metalúrgicos de diferentes turnos de trabalho. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0194201500065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Verificar a prevalência da síndrome metabólica em trabalhadores de diferentes turnos. Métodos A população foi composta por 93 trabalhadores, divididos em: primeiro turno (6h00 às 14h00), segundo turno (14h00 às 22h00), terceiro turno (22h00 às 6h00) e turno produtivo em horário administrativo (7h30 às 17h00). Os componentes da Síndrome Metabólica foram obtidos por meio de coleta de sangue em jejum de 12 horas e medidas antropométricas, pelo critério NCEP-ATP III. Resultados 72% eram do sexo masculino, com idades entre 33 e 38 anos. A síndrome metabólica foi diagnóstica em 26,8% da amostra. A maior prevalência da síndrome ocorreu entre os trabalhadores do primeiro turno (p<0,000). As alterações de HDL-colesterol, glicemia em jejum e triglicérides foram maiores no primeiro turno. Houve diferença para massa corporal, índice de massa corporal e cronótipo (p=0,000), entre os turnos de trabalho. Conclusão A prevalência da síndrome metabólica foi maior nos trabalhadores do primeiro turno.
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Opperhuizen AL, van Kerkhof LWM, Proper KI, Rodenburg W, Kalsbeek A. Rodent models to study the metabolic effects of shiftwork in humans. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:50. [PMID: 25852554 PMCID: PMC4371697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current 24-h society requires an increasing number of employees to work nightshifts with millions of people worldwide working during the evening or night. Clear associations have been found between shiftwork and the risk to develop metabolic health problems, such as obesity. An increasing number of studies suggest that the underlying mechanism includes disruption of the rhythmically organized body physiology. Normally, daily 24-h rhythms in physiological processes are controlled by the central clock in the brain in close collaboration with peripheral clocks present throughout the body. Working schedules of shiftworkers greatly interfere with these normal daily rhythms by exposing the individual to contrasting inputs, i.e., at the one hand (dim)light exposure at night, nightly activity and eating and at the other hand daytime sleep and reduced light exposure. Several different animal models are being used to mimic shiftwork and study the mechanism responsible for the observed correlation between shiftwork and metabolic diseases. In this review we aim to provide an overview of the available animal studies with a focus on the four most relevant models that are being used to mimic human shiftwork: altered timing of (1) food intake, (2) activity, (3) sleep, or (4) light exposure. For all studies we scored whether and how relevant metabolic parameters, such as bodyweight, adiposity and plasma glucose were affected by the manipulation. In the discussion, we focus on differences between shiftwork models and animal species (i.e., rat and mouse). In addition, we comment on the complexity of shiftwork as an exposure and the subsequent difficulties when using animal models to investigate this condition. In view of the added value of animal models over human cohorts to study the effects and mechanisms of shiftwork, we conclude with recommendations to improve future research protocols to study the causality between shiftwork and metabolic health problems using animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Loes Opperhuizen
- Department of Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Linda W M van Kerkhof
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Karin I Proper
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Wendy Rodenburg
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Brum MCB, Filho FFD, Schnorr CC, Bottega GB, Rodrigues TC. Shift work and its association with metabolic disorders. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:45. [PMID: 25991926 PMCID: PMC4436793 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the health burden of shift work has not been extensively studied, evidence suggests that it may affect the metabolic balance and cause obesity and other metabolic disorders. Sleep deprivation, circadian desynchronization and behavioral changes in diet and physical activity are among the most commonly mentioned factors in studies of the association between night work and metabolic disorders. Individual adaptation to night work depends greatly on personal factors such as family and social life, but occupational interventions may also make a positive contribution to the transition to shift work, such as exposure to bright lights during the night shift, melatonin use, shift regularity and clockwise rotation, and dietary adaptations for the metabolic needs of night workers. The evaluation of the impact of night work on health and of the mechanisms underlying this relationship can serve as a basis for intervention strategies to minimize the health burden of shift work. This review aimed to identify highlights regarding therapeutic implications following the association between night and shift work and metabolic disorders, as well as the mechanisms and pathways responsible for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlota Borba Brum
- />Division of Occupational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto, Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Fábio Fernandes Dantas Filho
- />Division of Occupational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto, Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Claudia Carolina Schnorr
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Gustavo Borchardt Bottega
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Ticiana C. Rodrigues
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro, Barcelos 2350, Prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003 Brazil
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Bonmati-Carrion MA, Arguelles-Prieto R, Martinez-Madrid MJ, Reiter R, Hardeland R, Rol MA, Madrid JA. Protecting the melatonin rhythm through circadian healthy light exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23448-500. [PMID: 25526564 PMCID: PMC4284776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, in developed countries, nights are excessively illuminated (light at night), whereas daytime is mainly spent indoors, and thus people are exposed to much lower light intensities than under natural conditions. In spite of the positive impact of artificial light, we pay a price for the easy access to light during the night: disorganization of our circadian system or chronodisruption (CD), including perturbations in melatonin rhythm. Epidemiological studies show that CD is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes, obesity, heart disease, cognitive and affective impairment, premature aging and some types of cancer. Knowledge of retinal photoreceptors and the discovery of melanopsin in some ganglion cells demonstrate that light intensity, timing and spectrum must be considered to keep the biological clock properly entrained. Importantly, not all wavelengths of light are equally chronodisrupting. Blue light, which is particularly beneficial during the daytime, seems to be more disruptive at night, and induces the strongest melatonin inhibition. Nocturnal blue light exposure is currently increasing, due to the proliferation of energy-efficient lighting (LEDs) and electronic devices. Thus, the development of lighting systems that preserve the melatonin rhythm could reduce the health risks induced by chronodisruption. This review addresses the state of the art regarding the crosstalk between light and the circadian system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Russel Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Ruediger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.
| | - Maria Angeles Rol
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Madrid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
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