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Luo L, Xue Q, Qi Y, Zeng L, Liang S. Therapeutic effects of different polar fractions of hawthorn extract on blood stasis model rats revealed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4005-4016. [PMID: 34490993 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, has been suggested to have therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease. However, effective fractions of hawthorn extract in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, together with possible therapeutic mechanisms, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of four different polar fractions of hawthorn extract on blood stasis model rats, and explore the possible metabolic mechanisms by using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. Evaluation of hemorheology and fibrinogen showed that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract had significant therapeutic effects on blood stasis model rats. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis showed that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract could reverse imbalanced biomarkers in plasma and urine of blood stasis model rats. Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis revealed that plasma biomarkers were responsible for several important pathways, including d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis. Meanwhile, urine biomarkers were responsible for some important pathways, including phenylalanine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and lysine degradation. This study demonstrated that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract had significant therapeutic effects on blood stasis model rats, and the underlying mechanisms involved multiple metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yue Qi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zeng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengwang Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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2
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DISORDERS OF NEUROMEDIATOR POOL IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIFOCAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2021-2-76-74-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Meyer CE, Liu J, Craciun I, Wu D, Wang H, Xie M, Fussenegger M, Palivan CG. Segregated Nanocompartments Containing Therapeutic Enzymes and Imaging Compounds within DNA-Zipped Polymersome Clusters for Advanced Nanotheranostic Platform. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906492. [PMID: 32130785 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics is an emerging field that brings together nanoscale-engineered materials with biological systems providing a combination of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. However, current theranostic nanoplatforms have serious limitations, mainly due to a mismatch between the physical properties of the selected nanomaterials and their functionalization ease, loading ability, or overall compatibility with bioactive molecules. Herein, a nanotheranostic system is proposed based on nanocompartment clusters composed of two different polymersomes linked together by DNA. Careful design and procedure optimization result in clusters segregating the therapeutic enzyme human Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and fluorescent probes for the detection unit in distinct but colocalized nanocompartments. The diagnostic compartment provides a twofold function: trackability via dye loading as the imaging component and the ability to attach the cluster construct to the surface of cells. The therapeutic compartment, loaded with active DDC, triggers the cellular expression of a secreted reporter enzyme via production of dopamine and activation of dopaminergic receptors implicated in atherosclerosis. This two-compartment nanotheranostic platform is expected to provide the basis of a new treatment strategy for atherosclerosis, to expand versatility and diversify the types of utilizable active molecules, and thus by extension expand the breadth of attainable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Ioana Craciun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Dalin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, 4002, Switzerland
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biosystems Science Engineering, ETHZ, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Mingqi Xie
- Department of Biosystems Science Engineering, ETHZ, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science Engineering, ETHZ, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, 4002, Switzerland
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Onal EM, Afsar B, Covic A, Vaziri ND, Kanbay M. Gut microbiota and inflammation in chronic kidney disease and their roles in the development of cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 2018; 42:123-140. [PMID: 30504819 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The health and proper functioning of the cardiovascular and renal systems largely depend on crosstalk in the gut-kidney-heart/vessel triangle. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota has an integral function in this crosstalk. Mounting evidence indicates that the development of chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases follows chronic inflammatory processes that are affected by the gut microbiota via various immune, metabolic, endocrine, and neurologic pathways. Additionally, deterioration of the function of the cardiovascular and renal systems has been reported to disrupt the original gut microbiota composition, further contributing to the advancement of chronic cardiovascular and renal diseases. Considering the interaction between the gut microbiota and the renal and cardiovascular systems, we can infer that interventions for the gut microbiota through diet and possibly some medications can prevent/stop the vicious cycle between the gut microbiota and the cardiovascular/renal systems, leading to a decrease in chronic cardiovascular and renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine M Onal
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Afsar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Adrian Covic
- Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, 'C.I. PARHON' University Hospital, and 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Schools of Medicine and Biological Science, University of California, California, CA, USA
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Gao J, Zhang C, Gao F, Li H. The effect and mechanism of dopamine D1 receptors on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 430:31-36. [PMID: 28181134 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The physiological and pathological roles of dopamine D1 receptors (DR1) in the regulation of functions in tissues and organs have been recognized. However, whether DR1 are expressed in the osteosarcoma cells and inhibit the proliferation of these cells is unknown. In the present study, we found that DR1 were expressed in the osteosarcoma cells (OS732 cells). SKF-38393 (DR1 agonist) and the overexpression of DR1 decreased the proliferation of OS732 cells; SCH-23390 (DR1 antagonist) and the knockdown of DR1 increased the proliferation of OS732 cells, and both SCH-23390 and the knockdown of DR1 abolished the effect of SKF-38393 on the proliferation of OS732 cells. In addition, SKF-38393 down-regulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, PI3K, and Akt; SCH-23390 up-regulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, PI3K, and Akt, and SCH-23390 cancelled the effect of SKF-38393. The effect of SKF-38393 on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, PI3K, and Akt and the proliferation of OS732 cells was similar to PD98059 (an ERK inhibitor) or LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that DR1 are expressed in the osteosarcoma cells and inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by the down-regulation of the ERK1/2 and PI3K-Akt pathways. These findings provide a novel target for the treatment of the osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Li C, Xu Q. Mechanical stress-initiated signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Signal 2007; 19:881-91. [PMID: 17289345 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has been demonstrated that hypertension-initiated abnormal biomechanical stress is strongly associated with cardio-/cerebrovascular diseases e.g. atherosclerosis, stroke, and heart failure, which is main cause of morbidity and mortality. How the cells in the cardiovascular system sense and transduce the extracellular physical stimuli into intracellular biochemical signals is a crucial issue for understanding the mechanisms of the disease development. Recently, collecting data derived from our and other laboratories showed that many kinds of molecules in the cells such as receptors, ion channels, caveolin, G proteins, cell cytoskeleton, kinases and transcriptional factors could serve as mechanoceptors directly or indirectly in response to mechanical stimulation implying that the activation of mechanoceptors represents a non-specific manner. The sensed signals can be further sorted and/or modulated by processing of the molecules both on the cell surface and by the network of intracellular signaling pathways resulting in a sophisticated and dynamic set of cues that enable cardiovascular cell responses. The present review will summarise the data on mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells and formulate a new hypothesis, i.e. a non-specific activation of mechanoceptors followed by a variety of signal cascade activation. The hypothesis could provide us some clues for exploring new therapeutic targets for the disturbed mechanical stress-initiated diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohong Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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Zhang L, Lidow MS. D1 dopamine receptor regulation of cell cycle in FGF- and EGF-supported primary cultures of embryonic cerebral cortical precursor cells. Int J Dev Neurosci 2002; 20:593-606. [PMID: 12526890 DOI: 10.1016/s0736-5748(02)00104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian fetus, proliferation of the majority of cells destined for the cerebral cortex takes place within the transient proliferative zones of the cerebral wall. Recent investigations have demonstrated that cell of these zones express high levels of D1 dopamine receptors (D1Rs). However, the specific roles of these receptors have not been investigated. The present study tests the hypothesis that D1Rs are capable of regulating the cell cycle of cerebral cortical precursor cells. For this purpose, primary cultures of cells of the proliferative zones from the cerebral wall of 14-day-old mouse fetuses were generated and maintained in the presence of either fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) or epidermal growth factor (EGF). These growth factors were chosen as supporting two distinct populations of precursor cells in the fetal cortical proliferative matrix. The involvement of D1Rs in the regulation of proliferative activity was examined by the addition of a range of concentrations of the D1R-specific agonist, SKF82958, to the culture media. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assays demonstrated that exposure to this agonist led to a dose-dependent reduction of DNA synthesis in both FGF2- and EGF-supported cultures. Flow cytometric cell cycle assays further revealed that this was due to prevention of the transition of cells from the G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle. The D1R specificity of the effects of SKF82958 was supported in that they were blocked by the addition of the D1R antagonists, SCH23390 or NNC010756. We also found that D1R stimulation induced stronger suppression of proliferative activity in EGF-supported than in FGF2-supported cultures. Our observations suggest that D1Rs are capable of regulating the cell cycle during corticogenesis. Furthermore, they raise a possibility that these receptors may display different efficacies in affecting proliferative activity in FGF2-supported versus EGF-supported cerebral cortical precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biological Sciences and Program of Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Room 5-A-12, HHH, 666 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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