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Wang X, Geng Z, Bao Y, Zhong J, Ma J, Cui X, Shi Y. Shufeng Jiedu capsule alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus induced acute lung injury by regulating the lung inflammatory microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33237. [PMID: 39021925 PMCID: PMC11252743 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Death caused by respiratory tract infection is one of the leading causes of death in the world today. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used clinically for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia and other diseases. Its pharmacological effect is to inhibit inflammation and improve the body's ability to clear viruses. However, the mechanism of SFJDC in the treatment of viral pneumonia, especially its effect on the inflammatory-immune microenvironment of lung tissue remains unclear. Methods Mice with H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia were used as a model to verify the efficacy of SFJDC through death protection, lung index, viral load, and HE staining of lung tissue. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in lung tissue were investigated by multi-analyte immunoassay. The number and proportion of cells in peripheral blood were detected by blood routine. The percentage of infiltrating immune cells in lung tissue was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Results SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1 and 1.1 g/kg·d-1) increased survival rate (P<0.01, P<0.05), prolonged the survival period of mice, and alleviated the histopathological damage in lung (P<0.01). SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1, 1.1 g/kg·d-1 and 0.055 g/kg·d-1) increased body weight(P<0.01, P<0.05), improved activity status, reduced the lung index (P<0.01, P<0.05) and viral load (P<0.01). SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1 and 1.1 g/kg·d-1) reduced interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18(IL-18), tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) (P<0.01, P<0.05), and SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1) increased IL-10 levels (P<0.05) to regulate inflammation. SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1) increased the percentages of CD4+ T cells (P<0.01), CD8+ T cells (P<0.05), and B cells(P<0.05), and decreased F4/80+ macrophages (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated that SFJDC could inhibit inflammation and lung injury while maintaining the function of the adaptive immune response mediated by T and B cells, and promote the clearance of the virus, thereby treating influenza A (H1N1) virus-induced pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Yanyan Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Juying Zhong
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
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Gasmi A, Noor S, Dadar M, Semenova Y, Menzel A, Gasmi Benahmed A, Bjørklund G. The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Pharmacopoeia in the Evaluation and Treatment of COVID-19. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1060-1074. [PMID: 38523518 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128217263240220060252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The epidemic prompted by COVID-19 continues to spread, causing a great risk to the general population's safety and health. There are still no drugs capable of curing it. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) are the two other diseases caused by coronaviruses. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) showed benefits in treating SARS and MERS by preventing the disease early, substantially mitigating symptoms, shortening the treatment period, and minimizing risks and adverse reactions caused by hormone therapy. Although several vaccines have been developed and are being used for the treatment of COVID-19, existing vaccines cannot provide complete protection against the virus due to the rapid evolution and mutation of the virus, as mutated viral epitopes evade the vaccine's target and decrease the efficacy of vaccines. Thus, there is a need to develop alternative options. TCM has demonstrated positive effects in the treatment of COVID-19. Previous research studies on TCM showed broad-spectrum antiviral activity, offering a range of possibilities for their potential use against COVID-19. This study shed some light on common TCM used for SARS and MERS outbreaks and their effective use for COVID-19 management. This study provides new insights into COVID-19 drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Dadar
- CONEM Iran Microbiology Research Group, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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3
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Gasmi A, Tippairote T, Mujawdiya PK, Menzel A, Lysiuk R, Shanaida M, Lenchyk L, Peana M, Bjørklund G. Traditional Chinese Medicine as the Preventive and Therapeutic Remedy for COVID-19. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3118-3131. [PMID: 36999715 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230331084126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic still has tremendous impacts on the global socio-economy and quality of living. The traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) approach showed encouraging results during previous outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). With limited treatment availability, TCM herbs and formulations could be useful to reduce COVID-19 symptoms and potential sources for discovering novel therapeutic targets. We reviewed 12 TCM herbs and formulations recommended for COVID-19 management by the National Health Commission and as National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China. This article explored the Chinese national authorities' guidelines from 2003 to 2020, the scientific data in public databases for the recommended TCM remedies, and their potential mechanistic actions in COVID-19 management. Several TCM herbs and formulations could potentially benefit COVID-19 management. The recommended TCM oral preparations list includes Huoxiang zhengqi, Jinhua Qinggan, Lianhua Qingwen, and Shufeng jiedu; the recommended injection preparations comprise Xiyanping Xuebijing, Re-Du-Ning, Tanreqing, Xingnaojing, Shenfu, Shengmai, and Shenmai. TCM remedies are viable options for symptom alleviation and management of COVID-19. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presents an opportunity to find novel therapeutic targets from TCM-active ingredients. Despite the recommendations in Chinese National guidelines, these remedies warrant further assessments in well-designed clinical trials to ascertain their efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Torsak Tippairote
- Nutritional and Environmental Section, Thailand Initiatives for Functional Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
- Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Healing Passion Medical Center, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Alain Menzel
- Laboratoires Réunis, Junglinster, Luxembourg, UK
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia Shanaida
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Quality, Standardization and Certification of Medicines of IATPS, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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Willcox ML, Hu XY, Oliver T, Thorne K, Boxall C, He G, Simpson C, Brotherwood B, O’Neil A, Waugh R, Tilt E, Trill J, Goward N, Francis N, Thomas M, Little P, Wilkinson T, Liu JP, Griffiths G, Moore M. Treating acute exacerbations of COPD with Chinese herbal medicine to aid antibiotic use reduction (Excalibur): a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1221905. [PMID: 37818189 PMCID: PMC10561384 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1221905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although many acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are triggered by non-bacterial causes, they are often treated with antibiotics. Preliminary research suggests that the Chinese herbal medicine "Shufeng Jiedu" (SFJD), may improve recovery and therefore reduce antibiotic use in patients with AECOPD. Aims: To assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial of SFJD for AECOPD in UK primary care. Methods: GPs opportunistically recruited patients experiencing an AECOPD. Participants were randomised 1:1 to usual care plus SFJD or placebo for 14 days. Participants, GPs and research nurses were blinded to treatment allocation. GPs could prescribe immediate, delayed or no antibiotics, with delayed prescribing encouraged where appropriate. Participants were asked to complete a participant diary, including EXACT-PRO and CAT™ questionnaires for up to 4 weeks. Outcomes included recruitment rate and other measures of study feasibility described using only descriptive statistics and with no formal comparisons between groups. We also conducted qualitative interviews with recruited and non-recruited COPD patients and clinicians, analysed using framework analysis. Results: Over 6 months, 19 participants (6 SFJD, 13 placebo) were recruited. Sixteen (84%) participants returned diaries or provided a diary by recall. Overall, 1.3 participants were recruited per 1,000 patients on the COPD register per month open. Median duration of treatment was 9.8 days in the intervention group vs 13.3 days in the placebo group. The main reason for discontinuation in both groups was perceived side-effects. in both groups. Point estimates for both the EXACT-PRO and CAT™ outcomes suggested possible small benefits of SFJD. Most patients and clinicians were happy to try SFJD as an alternative to antibiotics for AECOPD. Recruitment was lower than expected because of the short recruitment period, the lower incidence of AECOPD during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients starting antibiotics from "rescue packs" before seeing their GP, and workforce challenges in primary care. Conclusion: Recruitment was impaired by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, we were able to demonstrate the feasibility of recruiting and randomising participants and identified approaches to address recruitment challenges such as including the trial medication in COPD patients' "rescue packs" and delegating recruitment to a central trials team. Clinical Trial Registration: Identifier, ISRCTN26614726.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin L. Willcox
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Oliver
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kerensa Thorne
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cherish Boxall
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - George He
- Phoenix Medical Ltd, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Simpson
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Becci Brotherwood
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alice O’Neil
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Waugh
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Tilt
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanne Trill
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Neville Goward
- Patient and Public Representative, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Francis
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Thomas
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Little
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Wilkinson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gareth Griffiths
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Moore
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Abou Baker DH, Hassan EM, El Gengaihi S. An overview on medicinal plants used for combating coronavirus: Current potentials and challenges. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH 2023; 13:100632. [PMID: 37251276 PMCID: PMC10198795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic crisis, causing many morbidities, mortality, and devastating impact on economies, so the current outbreak of the CoV-2 is a major concern for global health. The infection spread quickly and caused chaos in many countries around the world. The slow discovery of CoV-2 and the limited treatment options are among the main challenges. Therefore, the development of a drug that is safe and effective against CoV-2 is urgently needed. The present overview briefly summarizes CoV-2 drug targets ex: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), papain-like protease (PLpro), 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), transmembrane serine protease enzymes (TMPRSS2), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), structural protein (N, S, E, and M), and virulence factors (NSP1, ORF7a, and NSP3c) for which drug design perspective can be considered. In addition, summarize all anti-COVID-19 medicinal plants and phytocompounds and their mechanisms of action to be used as a guide for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha H Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad M Hassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Souad El Gengaihi
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Han Y, Xu J, Zhu Q, Yang L, Wang Y, Luo H, Zhang T. Study on basic and clinical application of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in treating respiratory tract infection. Chin Med 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37098552 PMCID: PMC10127947 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC), composed of eight herbs, is a big brand traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of different respiratory tract infectious diseases with good clinical efficacy and few side effects. It is clinically applied to acute upper respiratory tract infection(URI), influenza, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) and other diseases, due to its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and antipyretic activities. In particular, it has shown good clinical effects for COVID-19, and was included in the fourth to tenth editions of the 'Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial)' by the National Health Commission. In recent years, studies on the secondary development which focus on the basic and clinical application of SFJDC have been widely reported. In this paper, chemical components, pharmacodynamic material basis, mechanisms, compatibility rule and clinical application were systematically summarized, in order to provide theoretical and experimental basis for further research and clinical application of SFJDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Li Yang
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China.
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Chen H, Cheng Y, Du H, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Zhao Z, Li Y, Friedemann T, Mei J, Schröder S, Chen M. Shufeng Jiedu capsule ameliorates olfactory dysfunction via the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154426. [PMID: 36116201 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) has been widely used as a conventional Chinese pharmaceutical agent for various upper respiratory infections, including acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome and allergic rhinitis (AR). However, its mechanism in AR remains unclear. PURPOSE The present study aimed to decipher the antiallergic inflammatory effect of SFJDC in an AR model with olfactory dysfunction. Specifically, we wanted to explore whether SFJDC can improve the olfactory abnormality in AR mice and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB). METHODS To address the above issues, we constructed an AR model using C57BL/6 mice, which were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection. SFJDC (0.045 or 0.18 g/kg) was delivered by gavage administration 1 h prior to the intraperitoneal injection of OVA. The control mice received saline alone. Then, the animals were assessed according to the presence of nasal symptoms and nasal inflammation, and a buried food test was used to evaluate olfactory function. The levels of proteins involved in the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway in the OE and OB were investigated by western blotting and fluorescence staining. RESULTS After OVA induction of AR and drug administration, we found that SFJDC significantly ameliorated the nasal symptoms and allergic inflammatory reaction of the nasal mucosa superior to cetirizine. A behavioural test indicated that the mice with AR had olfactory dysfunction, and SFJDC can ameliorate this behavior deficiency. Meanwhile, SFJDC clearly reduced the neuroinflammation level in OE tissue. In addition, SFJDC increased p-mTOR and decreased p-AMPK, beclin1, LC3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels in the OE. CONCLUSIONS In addition to antibacterial and antiviral activities, SFJDC has marked anti-inflammatory effects in AR mice. Its mechanism of action in the nasal cavity involves inhibition of upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of autophagy and apoptosis levels and regulation of autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway in the OE tissue of AR mice. Hence, SFJDC is a promising drug for AR, and clinical trials should further validate the therapeutic impact of SFJDC on AR with olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yujie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongmei Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhentao Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jinyu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Cai J, Wang YL, Sheng XD, Zhang L, Lv X. Shufeng Jiedu capsule inhibits inflammation and apoptosis by activating A2AAR and inhibiting NF-κB to alleviate LPS-induced ALI. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115661. [PMID: 36002086 PMCID: PMC9392900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) is a pure form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that contains eight medicinal plants. Known for its anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects, it is mostly used to treat upper respiratory tract infections and other infectious diseases, such as colds, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and tonsillitis. Both acute lung injury (ALI) and COVID-19 are closely related to lung damage, primarily manifesting as lung inflammation and epithelial cell damage. However, whether SFJDC can improve ALI and by what mechanism remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore whether SFJDC could be used as a prophylactic treatment for COVID-19 by improving acute lung injury. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to determine whether SFJDC could protect against ALI caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and we wanted to determine how SFJDC reduces inflammation and apoptosis pharmacologically and molecularly. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preadministering SFJDC at 0.1 g/kg, 0.3 g/kg, or 0.5 g/kg for one week was followed by 5 mg/kg LPS to induce ALI in mice. Observations included the study of lung histomorphology, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, as well as the ratio of lung wet/dry weights. In addition, RAW264.7 cells were treated for 24 h with 1 μg/mL LPS after being pretreated for 1 h with 0.5 mg/mL SFJDC. In the samples, we detected TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Cell apoptosis was detected by stimulating A549 cells for 24 h with RAW264.7 supernatant. Both in vitro and in vivo, the levels of A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR), PKA, IκB, p-IκB, NF-κB P65 (P65), p-NF-κB P65 (p-P65), cleaved caspases-3 (Cc3), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) proteins were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Lung tissue morphology was improved as SFJDC decreased cytokine secretion, the ratio of lung wet/dry weights, and lung tissue secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The expression of A2AAR was increased by SFJDC, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB was inhibited. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry showed that SFJDC inhibited apoptosis by reducing the expression of Cc3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, SFJDC can reduce inflammation and inhibit apoptosis. A2AAR activation and regulation of NF-κB expression are thought to make SFJDC anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic. A wide range of active ingredients may result in an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect with SFJDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Cai
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yu-Lian Wang
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sheng
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China.
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9
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Xu Y, Yang L, Wang L, Chen F. Potential therapeutic effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsule and its major herbs on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 15:289-299. [PMID: 34980761 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a huge threat to human health and social stability. Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used to treat different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory activities in acute lung injury, SFJDC can be effectively used as a treatment for COVID-19 patients according to the diagnosis and treatment plan issued in China and existing clinical data. SFJDC has been recommended in 15 therapeutic regimens for COVID-19 in China. This review summarizes current data on the ingredients, chemical composition, pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy, and potential therapeutic effect of SFJDC on COVID-19, to provide a theoretical basis for its anti-viral mechanism and the clinical treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of food and biological engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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Wu Y, Zhong P. Clinical Progress on Management of Pneumonia Due to COVID-19 With Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:655063. [PMID: 34539389 PMCID: PMC8443789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.655063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The outbreak of new coronavirus has tremendously threatened the public health system worldwide, including China. Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) have greatly contributed to the prevention and treatment of this viral infection, as well as the recovery of patients with COVID-19 infection. Therefore, numerous experts and guidelines recommend to take CPMs to treat pneumonia due to COVID-19. Aim of the Study: The present study reviewed CPMs recommended by the < Guidelines for diagnosis and management of COVID-19 (8th edition)> regarding evidence of their efficacy from clinical studies and the underlying mechanisms, which will lay the foundation for clinical use of these CPMs for COVID-19. Methods: The composition, efficacy, indications, history of use, and relevant clinical research on 14 recommended CPMs, including Huoxiangzhengqi capsules (pills, liquid, oral solution), Jinhuaqinggan granules, Lianhuaqingwen capsules (granules), Shufengjiedu capsules, Xiyanping injections, Xuebijing injections, Reduning injections, Tanreqing injections, Xingnaojing injections, Shenfu injections, Shengmai injections, Angongniuhuang pills, Suhexiang pills, were searched in both Chinese and English databases based on differences in stages of the disease and manifestations of such patients. Advantages of these CPMs over conventional treatments and their underlying mechanisms were explored by analyzing results from published articles and undergoing clinical trials. Results: Findings from clinical studies and Chinese experience in using these CPMs showed that CPMs, when used in combination with conventional treatments, were effective in managing COVID-19 with few side effects. Conclusion: CPMs have excellent efficacy in managing COVID-19 with a great potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
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Nawrot-Hadzik I, Zmudzinski M, Matkowski A, Preissner R, Kęsik-Brodacka M, Hadzik J, Drag M, Abel R. Reynoutria Rhizomes as a Natural Source of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Inhibitors-Molecular Docking and In Vitro Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:742. [PMID: 34451839 PMCID: PMC8399519 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
More than a year has passed since the world began to fight the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and still it spreads around the world, mutating at the same time. One of the sources of compounds with potential antiviral activity is Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) plants used in China in the supportive treatment of COVID-19. Reynoutria japonica is important part of the Shu Feng Jie Du Granule/Capsule-TCM herbal formula, recommended by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for treatment of patients with H1N1- and H5N9-induced acute lung injury and is also used in China to treat COVID-19, mainly combined with other remedies. In our study, 25 compounds from rhizomes of R. japonica and Reynoutria sachalinensis (related species), were docked into the binding site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Next, 11 of them (vanicoside A, vanicoside B, resveratrol, piceid, emodin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1, procyanidin B2 3,3'-di-O-gallate) as well as extracts and fractions from rhizomes of R. japonica and R. sachalinensis were tested in vitro using a fluorescent peptide substrate. Among the tested phytochemicals the best results were achieved for vanicoside A and vanicoside B with moderate inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, IC50 = 23.10 µM and 43.59 µM, respectively. The butanol fractions of plants showed the strongest inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (IC50 = 4.031 µg/mL for R. sachalinensis and IC50 = 7.877 µg/mL for R. japonica). As the main constituents of butanol fractions, besides the phenylpropanoid disaccharide esters (e.g., vanicosides), are highly polymerized procyanidins, we suppose that they could be responsible for their strong inhibitory properties. As inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease could prevent the replication of the virus our research provides data that may explain the beneficial effects of R. japonica on COVID-19 and identify the most active compounds worthy of more extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Nawrot-Hadzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Mikolaj Zmudzinski
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Robert Preissner
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Małgorzata Kęsik-Brodacka
- Research Network Łukasiewicz—Institute of Biotechnology and Antibiotics, Starościńska 5, 02-516 Warsaw, Poland;
- National Medicines Institute, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jakub Hadzik
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Drag
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Renata Abel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (R.A.)
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
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Azim F, Islam MS, Saju H, Fatema K, Hayat A, Kamal M, Sarfraz M, Muhammad N, Rizvi SA. The Emergence of Novel Coronavirus Disease, Global Treatment Update and its Containment Strategies in Overpopulated Countries: A Review. CORONAVIRUSES 2021; 2:1-10. [DOI: 10.2174/2666796701999201123101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
:
The ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has created
a major challenge for the public health worldwide. The reported cases indicate that the outbreak is
more widespread than initially assumed. Around 18 million people have been infected with
689,000 reported deaths (August 2020; the number is increasing daily); with a high mutation rate,
this virus poses an even more serious threat worldwide. The actual source of COVID-19 is still unclear;
even if the initial reports link it to the Chinese seafood wet market in Wuhan, other animals
such as birds, snakes, and many small mammals including bats are also linked with this novel coronavirus.
The structure of the COVID-19 shows distinctive proteins among which spike proteins
have a pivotal role in host cell attachment and virus-cell membrane fusion in order to facilitate
virus infection. Currently, no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is available. Various drug candidates,
including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV protease inhibitors, neuraminidase inhibitors, RNA
synthesis inhibitors, ACE2 inhibitors and lungs supportive therapy, are under trials. Cell-based therapy
also appeared with remarkable treatment possibilities. In this article, we endeavored to
succinctly cover the current and available treatment options, including pharmaceuticals, cell-based
therapy, and traditional medicine. We also focused on the extent of damages by this novel coronavirus
in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh; the strategies adopted and the research activities initiated
so far by these densely populated countries (neighboring China) are explained in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazli Azim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Hedaeytullah Saju
- School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Aneela Hayat
- Department of Pathology, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan,Pakistan
| | - Mostofa Kamal
- Department of Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Md Sarfraz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP,India
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- COMSATS University, Lahore Campus, Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), Lahore,Pakistan
| | - Syed A.A. Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hampton University School of Pharmacy (HUSOP), Hampton, VA,United States
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Xia L, Shi Y, Su J, Friedemann T, Tao Z, Lu Y, Ling Y, Lv Y, Zhao R, Geng Z, Cui X, Lu H, Schröder S. Shufeng Jiedu, a promising herbal therapy for moderate COVID-19:Antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, pathways of bioactive compounds, and a clinical real-world pragmatic study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153390. [PMID: 33158717 PMCID: PMC7581328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufeng Jiedu capsules (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used for the treatment of different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activity in acute lung injury, SFJDC might be a promising candidate for the treatment of COVID-19. PURPOSE To evaluate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and to discover the mechanism of action of SFJDC as a potential drug for the treatment of COVID-19. Furthermore, the study should determine the clinical effectiveness of SFJDC for the treatment of COVID-19. DESIGN We analyzed the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of SFJDC in a HCoV-229E mouse model on lung index, virus load in the lung, the release of cytokines, and on T- and B-lymphocytes. The mechanism of action was further investigated by network analysis. Additionally, we investigated data from a clinical pragmatic real-world study for patients with confirmed COVID-19, to evaluate the clinical effect of SFJDC and to determine the best time to start the treatment. RESULTS SFJDC significantly reduced the virus load in the lung of HCoV-229E mice (from 1109.29 ± 696.75 to 0 ± 0 copies/ml), decreased inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the lung, and increased the amount of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the blood compared to the model group. Network analysis revealed that SFJDC reduces the activity of NFκB via several signaling pathways. Quercetin, wogonin, and polydatin bind directly to the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Clinical data showed that SFJDC, added to standard antiviral therapy (AVD), significantly reduced the clinical recovery time of COVID-19 and fatigue (from 3.55 ± 4.09 to 1.19 ± 2.28 days) as well as cough (from 5.67 ± 5.64 to 3.47 ± 3.75) days compared to AVD alone. SFJDC therapy was significantly more effective when used within the first 8 days after the onset of symptoms. CONCLUSION SFJDC might be a promising drug for the treatment of COVID-19, but large-scale randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to complement the real-world evidence. It might be beneficial to start SFJDC treatment as early as possible in suspected cases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Su
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China.
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
| | - Zhenggang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
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Yang G, Xing J, Aikemu B, Sun J, Zheng M. Kaempferol exhibits a synergistic effect with doxorubicin to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:32. [PMID: 33649865 PMCID: PMC7905650 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol (KF), a flavonoid compound isolated from herbal medicines, has been reported to play a significant role in inhibiting certain types of cancer. Although recent studies reported that KF exerted inhibitive activity on liver cancer, they failed to elucidate the signaling pathways and synergistic effects in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs currently in use in the clinical setting. In the present study, the signaling pathways and synergistic effects of KF in liver cancer cells were investigated. Nine liver cancer cell lines were used to assess the inhibitive activity and synergistic effects of KF. Cellular behavioral experiments, such as viability, colony formation, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to assess the effects of KF on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. Western blotting was performed to validate the key signaling pathway elements underlying those cellular behaviors. KF exhibited inhibitory effects on nine liver cancer cell lines in time- and dose-dependent manners and was mostly nontoxic to the normal hepatocyte cells. The combination of KF and doxorubicin revealed a stronger inhibitive effect on the viability of liver cancer cells. Combination therapy also revealed higher suppressive effects on colony formation, cell cycle progression, survival, DNA damage response, and mitochondrial function. By western blotting assay, mitochondrial and caspase signaling pathways were determined to be involved in proliferation inhibition. In wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, combination therapy also exhibited more robust inhibitory activity in blocking the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. PI3K/mTOR/MMP protein pathways were also revealed to be related to cell migration inhibition. KF alone exhibited an inhibitory effect on proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells, and its synergistic effects revealed stronger inhibitory activities. The present data indicated that KF is a promising candidate as a complementary medicine to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xing
- Department of PET/CT Center, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Batuer Aikemu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Minhua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
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Liao Q, Chen W, Tong Z, Xue M, Gu T, Yuan Y, Song Z, Tao Z. Shufeng Jiedu capsules protect rats against LPS-induced acute lung injury via activating NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:317-324. [PMID: 33346364 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of respiratory infections for more than thirty years in Hunan (China). SFJDC protected rats against LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of SFJDC remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the major anti-inflammatory compounds of SFJDC and exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms. SFJDC dissolved in water was fingerprinted by UPLC/Q-TOF. Inflammation response was assessed by histopathological examination and ELISA assay. Arterial blood gases were also analyzed to evaluate the function of rat lungs. The expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1), Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), Cullin 3 (CUL3) and NQO1 were analyzed by Western blotting. Results indicated that SFJDC alleviated inflammation response by reducing the level of inflammatory cytokines, and upregulation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissues. Furthermore, SFJDC suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of Keap 1 and CUL3 in rat lungs. The expression of NRF2 HO1 and NQO1 were further upregulated by SFJDC in the presence of LPS, indicating that SFJDC might activate the NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway. In conclusion, SFJDC treatment may protect the rat lungs from LPS by alleviating the inflammation response via NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwu Liao
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenan Chen
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhufeng Tong
- Department of General Practice, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Xue
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwen Gu
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Geriatrics Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenju Song
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Xi ZC, Xu HX, Song ZJ, Nik Nabil W. Current global status and future development of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_43_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Limanaqi F, Busceti CL, Biagioni F, Lazzeri G, Forte M, Schiavon S, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Fornai F. Cell Clearing Systems as Targets of Polyphenols in Viral Infections: Potential Implications for COVID-19 Pathogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1105. [PMID: 33182802 PMCID: PMC7697279 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has generated the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, still with an uncertain outcome. Besides pneumonia and acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), other features became evident in the context of COVID-19. These includes endothelial and coagulation dysfunction with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), along with the occurrence of neurological alterations. The multi-system nature of such viral infection is a witness to the exploitation and impairment of ubiquitous subcellular and metabolic pathways for the sake of its life-cycle, ranging from host cell invasion, replication, transmission, up to a cytopathic effect and overt systemic inflammation. In this frame, alterations in cell-clearing systems of the host are emerging as a hallmark in the pathogenesis of various respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Indeed, exploitation of the autophagy and proteasome pathways might contribute not only to the replication of the virus at the site of infection but also to the spreading of either mature virions or inflammatory mediators at both cellular and multisystem levels. In this frame, besides a pharmacological therapy, many researchers are wondering if some non-pharmacological substances might counteract or positively modulate the course of the infection. The pharmacological properties of natural compounds have gained increasing attention in the field of alternative and adjunct therapeutic approaches to several diseases. In particular, several naturally-occurring herbal compounds (mostly polyphenols) are reported to produce widespread antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects while acting as autophagy and (immuno)-proteasome modulators. This article attempts to bridge the perturbation of autophagy and proteasome pathways with the potentially beneficial effects of specific phytochemicals and flavonoids in viral infections, with a focus on the multisystem SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Carla Letizia Busceti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Maurizio Forte
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Sonia Schiavon
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 40100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 40100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Frati
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 40100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (G.L.)
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy (F.B.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
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Xia L, Chen J, Friedemann T, Yang Z, Ling Y, Liu X, Lu S, Li T, Song Z, Huang W, Lu Y, Schröder S, Lu H. The Course of Mild and Moderate COVID-19 Infections-The Unexpected Long-Lasting Challenge. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa286. [PMID: 32929402 PMCID: PMC7454824 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The course of disease in mild and moderate COVID-19 has many implications for mobile patients, such as the risk of spread of the infection, precautions taken, and investigations targeted at preventing transmission. Methods Three hundred thirty-one adults were hospitalized from January 21 to February 22, 2020, and classified as severe (10%) or critical (4.8%) cases; 1.5% died. Two hundred eighty-two (85.2%) mild or moderate cases were admitted to regular wards. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, chest computed tomography (CT) scan, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data from patient records were analyzed retrospectively. Results Patients were symptomatic for 9.82±5.75 (1–37) days. Pulmonary involvement was demonstrated on a chest CT scan in 97.9% of cases. It took 16.81±8.54 (3–49) days from the appearance of the first symptom until 274 patients tested virus-negative in naso- and oropharyngeal (NP) swabs, blood, urine, and stool, and 234 (83%) patients were asymptomatic for 9.09±7.82 (1–44) days. Subsequently, 131 patients were discharged. One hundred sixty-nine remained in the hospital; these patients tested virus-free and were clinically asymptomatic because of widespread persisting or increasing pulmonary infiltrates. Hospitalization took 16.24±7.57 (2–47) days; the time interval from the first symptom to discharge was 21.37±7.85 (3–52) days. Conclusions With an asymptomatic phase, disease courses are unexpectedly long until the stage of virus negativity. NP swabs are not reliable in the later stages of COVID-19. Pneumonia outlasts virus-positive tests if sputum is not acquired. Imminent pulmonary fibrosis in high-risk groups demands follow-up examinations. Investigation of promising antiviral agents should heed the specific needs of mild and moderate COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zongguo Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuihua Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
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19
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Xian Y, Zhang J, Bian Z, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Xu H. Bioactive natural compounds against human coronaviruses: a review and perspective. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1163-1174. [PMID: 32834947 PMCID: PMC7278644 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs), a family of enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses, are characterized by club-like spikes that project from their surface, unusually large RNA genome, and unique replication capability. CoVs are known to cause various potentially lethal human respiratory infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the very recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Unfortunately, neither drug nor vaccine has yet been approved to date to prevent and treat these diseases caused by CoVs. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment medications against human coronavirus are in urgent need. In the past decades, many natural compounds have been reported to possess multiple biological activities, including antiviral properties. In this article, we provided a comprehensive review on the natural compounds that interfere with the life cycles of SARS and MERS, and discussed their potential use for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Key Words
- 3CLpro, chymotrypsin-like protease
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- CoVs, coronaviruses
- Coronavirus
- DAT, desaminotyrosine
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ERGIC, endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment
- HCoVs, human coronaviruses
- HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
- HR, heptad repeats
- HSV, herpes simplex virus
- IL, interleukin
- LHQWC, Lian-Hua-Qing-Wen Capsule
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MERS-CoV
- MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- N protein, nucleocapsid protein
- NCIP, novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- Natural compounds
- PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinases
- PLpro, papain-like protease
- RNA-Virus
- RTC, replication transcription complex
- RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- S protein, spike protein
- SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SARS-CoV
- SARS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- SARS-CoV-2
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Brain Research Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenbiao Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Brain Research Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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20
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Fuzimoto AD, Isidoro C. The antiviral and coronavirus-host protein pathways inhibiting properties of herbs and natural compounds - Additional weapons in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic? J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:405-419. [PMID: 32691005 PMCID: PMC7260130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As of March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. Articles published after the SARS-CoV-1 (2002) epidemic suggest that the use of an herbal-drug integrative medical approach could have contributed to a lower fatality rate and a more rapid response in controlling the outbreak. Methods Pubmed was searched for articles that investigated the antiviral properties and mechanisms of action of herbs or natural compounds against the SARS-coronavirus (CoV). Results Forty-three (43) relevant papers were located. A general count rendered 450+ herbs and natural compounds with antiviral properties against the SARS-CoV and related viruses. From the 43 articles, thirty-one (31) uncovered the mechanisms of action of the natural substances able to oppose the coronavirus. Discussion A series of herbs and natural compounds demonstrated moderate to strong antiviral activity. Research on many herbs-natural compounds also showed potent and significant inhibition of CoV-host protein pathways responsible for different phases of viral replication specifically targeting 3CLPRO, PLPRO, RdRp, helicase protein, S protein, N protein, 3a protein, Cathepsin L, Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a, and the S protein/ACE-2 interaction. Conclusion The herbs-natural compounds with antiviral activity and that caused inhibition/blockade of the CoV-host protein pathways are potential therapeutic candidates. The homology between the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 is around 80%. Thus, effective herbs-compounds for the former would likely be beneficial for the latter also depending on target protein similarities between the viruses. Here we provide the mechanistic bases supporting an integrative approach that includes natural compounds to fight coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
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21
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Tong T, Wu YQ, Ni WJ, Shen AZ, Liu S. The potential insights of Traditional Chinese Medicine on treatment of COVID-19. Chin Med 2020; 15:51. [PMID: 32483409 PMCID: PMC7245619 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. There is still no specific antiviral therapy to the current pandemic. In China, historical records show that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is effective in prevention and enhancing the resistance to pandemic with unique insights. To fight with COVID-19, National Health and Commission of PRC has recommended some TCM in the guideline, such as HuoxiangZhengqi, LianhuaQingwen ShufengJiedu and XueBijing, and actually displayed a remarkable effect in clinical treatment strategic for COVID-19. We review studies to provide an in-depth understanding into the effect of TCM, and also introduce the possible mechanism involved in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Ying-Qi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Ai-Zong Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
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22
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Mei J, Kong H, Zhao Z, Chen Z, Wang Y, Yang J. Shufengjiedu capsules protect against neuronal loss in olfactory epithelium and lung injury by enhancing autophagy in rats with allergic rhinitis. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:530-538. [PMID: 31866616 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shufengjiedu capsules (SFJDCs), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been widely used as an antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory drug. However, the roles of SFJDCs in allergic rhinitis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SFJDCs in olfaction and lung injury in rats with allergic rhinitis. An animal model of allergic rhinitis was created by intraperitoneal injection and intranasal administration of ovalbumin to rats. All rats were divided into seven groups: a model group, a low-dose SFJDC group, a medium-dose SFJDC group, a high-dose SFJDC group, a cetirizine group, and a control group. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in rat lung and olfactory epithelium (OE) tissue, and peripheral blood was collected and subjected to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect IgE, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-1ꞵ levels. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect inflammatory cytokines and levels of the autophagy biomarker beclin1 and the apoptosis biomarker cleaeved-caspased3 in lung and OE tissue. ELISA indicated that SFJDCs significantly decreased IgE, TNF-α, and IL-1ꞵ levels in peripheral blood, the lungs, and OE tissue. In addition, Western blotting and staining indicated that SFJDCs repair lung injury, protect against neuronal apoptosis in OE, and rescue impaired autophagy in the lungs and OE tissue. In conclusion, results indicated that SFJDCs might protect against neuronal loss in the OE and lung injury by enhancing autophagy and decreasing apoptosis in rats with allergic rhinitis. Therefore, SFJDCs might serve as an alternative treatment for allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhentao Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yatang Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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23
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Ji S, Bai Q, Wu X, Zhang DW, Wang S, Shen JL, Fei GH. Unique synergistic antiviral effects of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and oseltamivir in influenza A viral-induced acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109652. [PMID: 31734578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the synergistic effects and interactive mechanisms of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) induced by the influenza A virus (IAV). METHODS The extraction of SFJDC was analyzed by UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Human bronchial epithelial cells were isolated from COPD (DHBE) bronchial tissues, co-cultured with IAV for 24 h, and were subsequently treated with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. A rat model of COPD with IAV infection was established and treated with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA. Additionally, mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS SFJDC and/or oseltamivir, at their optimal concentrations, had no significant cytotoxicity against DHBEs. The levels of NLRP3-inflammasome-associated components were significantly elevated after cells were inoculated with IAV, whereas the mRNA and protein levels of these components were significantly decreased after treatment with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir in vitro. Moreover, in vivo, the combination of SFJDC and oseltamivir improved survival rates, attenuated clinical symptoms, induced weight gain, alleviated lung damage, and significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 levels in serum and BALF, as well as reduced the expression levels of NLRP3-associated components and viral titers in lung homogenates. CONCLUSION SFJDC combined with oseltamivir treatment significantly attenuated IAV-induced airway inflammation and lung viral titers. Hence, our findings may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for IAV-induced respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Qin Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Ji-Long Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Guang-He Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China.
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24
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Liu X, Zhang H, Xu J, Gong S, Han Y, Zhang T, Liu C. Identification of absorbed components and their metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Shufeng Jiedu capsule using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:1494-1501. [PMID: 31148270 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, is mainly used for the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. However, the bioactive components remain unclear, which partly limits its quality control and further development. This work aimed to carry out a study of plasma pharmacochemistry to identify the potential bioactive components of SFJDC. METHODS An effective approach based on a combination of ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS) and multivariate statistical analysis was applied to comprehensively analyze the absorbed components and their metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of SFJDC. After UPLC/QTOF-MS detection, the differences between control and dosed plasma samples were distinguished by multivariate statistical analysis, and chromatographic signals of xenobiotic compounds were further extracted to identify structures. RESULTS A total of 46 SFJDC-related xenobiotic compounds were identified as potential bioactive components in rat plasma. Among these, 27 absorbed prototype constituents were mainly flavonoids, anthraquinones, stilbenes, iridoids, lignans, naphthalenes, phenylethanoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins. Especially for hastatoside, verbenalin, forsythoside A, phillyrin and emodin, they were closely related to the anti-inflammatory effect of SFJDC. CONCLUSIONS The absorbed components and metabolites of SFJDC in rat plasma were analyzed for the first time. This study will be conducive for ascertaining the quality markers of SFJDC for quality control and pharmacological mechanism research at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301600, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Suxiao Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yanqi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
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25
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Huang Z, Pan X, Zhou J, Leung WT, Li C, Wang L. Chinese herbal medicine for acute upper respiratory tract infections and reproductive safety: A systematic review. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:117-129. [PMID: 30930358 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTIs) are common and self-limited in people with normal immunity but sometimes lead to poor clinical outcomes under specific conditions such as pregnancy if not treated appropriately. Chinese herbal medicines (CHM), which are widely used to treat AURTIs, have proven to be effective in preclinical and clinical studies. This review focuses on the bioactivities of typical CHM and the adverse reactions they cause, and especially issues with reproductive safety when treating AURTIs. The main mechanisms for clinical efficacy may include anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and immunomodulatory action as indicated by preclinical evidence. Most clinical trials indicate that CHM shortens the natural course of AURTIs and that it relieves related symptoms such as a fever, headaches, coughing, myalgia, a cold, sore throat, and a nasal obstruction. However, some CHM have a range of adverse effects and potentially affect reproduction from endocrinal secretion to embryo development while others do not. Therefore, clinical adverse reactions and preclinical studies on the toxicity of CHM are discussed. More reliable evidence is required to conclude that CHM are efficacious and safe for pregnant women with AURTIs. This review should help to promote advances in the research on and development of CHM as alternative treatments for AURTIs and offer insight into strategies to manage the safety of CHM during clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengshu Huang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Xinyao Pan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Wing Ting Leung
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Chuyu Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
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26
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Lin FZ, Wang SC, Hsi YT, Lo YS, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Lin SH, Hsieh MJ, Chen MK. Celastrol induces vincristine multidrug resistance oral cancer cell apoptosis by targeting JNK1/2 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:1-8. [PMID: 30668359 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancers are one of the most aggressive malignancies, with high mortality rates globally. Patients with these cancers are treated using combination therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Traditional Chinese medicines and other herbal medicines have been used to treat various diseases in Asia. Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Trypterygium wilfordii, which has therapeutic potential in multiple diseases. The present study was to determine the effect of celastrol on vincristine-resistant cancer cell line and to illuminate the mechanism of celastrol-induced cell apoptosis. STUDY DESIGN Celastrol was added to vincristine-resistant cancer cell and immunoreactive proteins were detected. METHODS AND RESULTS Our study demonstrated that celastrol leads to apoptosis of head and neck cancer cells through mitochondria- and Fas-mediated pathways. However, whether this herbal medicine exhibits beneficial effects on vincristine-resistant oral cancer patients remains uncertain. Therefore, our study examined the apoptotic effect exerted by celastrol and the mechanism by this drug acts on a vincristine-resistant cancer cell line. The present study demonstrated that celastrol triggered apoptotic cell death by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways (increased cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and PARP). Increased expression of tBid also indicated the presence of crosstalk between the two pathways. Celastrol mediated cell apoptosis through the downregulation of the expression of Bcl-2, not Bcl-xL. Moreover, JNK1/2 signaling was the main pathway of celastrol-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Celastrol could become a useful agent for treating oral cancers with MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Zhen Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chung Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsi
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for General Education, Mingdao University, Changhua 52345, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
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27
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Sawakami T, Xia J, Song P. Researchers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gathered at the 2017 Japan-China Joint Medical Workshop on Aging and Health. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:706-709. [PMID: 29311453 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As the number of elderly and the size of the total population increase, population aging will become a major problem because of an increase in diseases associated with aging, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The 2017 Japan-China Joint Medical Workshop on Aging and Health was held at The University of Tokyo on December 2, 2017 with a focus on management of COPD. More than 50 experts in the fields of respiratory medicine, emergency medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and Kampo (traditional Japanese medicine) from Japan and China presented the results of their research and shared their experiences treating COPD from different perspectives. Guidelines for diagnosis and management of COPD in different countries were described at the workshop, and advances in recent research into the treatment of COPD with Kampo and traditional Chinese medicine were fully discussed. The results of the workshop should help to improve GOLD guidelines and they should greatly help to optimize COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jufeng Xia
- Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo
| | - Peipei Song
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo.,Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai Medical Information Center
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Xia J, Rong L, Sawakami T, Inagaki Y, Song P, Hasegawa K, Sakamoto Y, Tang W. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and its active ingredients induce apoptosis, inhibit migration and invasion, and enhances doxorubicin therapeutic efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:921-930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Tao Z, Meng X, Han YQ, Xue MM, Wu S, Wu P, Yuan Y, Zhu Q, Zhang TJ, Wong CCL. Therapeutic Mechanistic Studies of ShuFengJieDu Capsule in an Acute Lung Injury Animal Model Using Quantitative Proteomics Technology. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4009-4019. [PMID: 28880561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ShuFengJieDu capsule (SFJDC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that contains eight medicinal herbs, has been extensively utilized for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory infections for more than 30 years in China. SFJDC has also been listed in the official guidelines of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) due to its stable clinical manifestations. However, the underlying mechanism of SFJDC during ALI repair remains unclear. In the present study, we explored the protective and therapeutic mechanisms of SFJDC in a rat model by performing qualitative and label-free quantitative proteomics studies. After establishing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat models, we profiled macrophage cells isolated from freshly resected rat lung tissues derived from ALI models and ALI rat lung tissue sections using a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) shotgun proteomics approach to identify changes in the expression levels of proteins of interest. On the basis of our proteomics results and the results of a protein dysregulation analysis of ALI rat lung tissues and rat lung macrophages, AKT1 was selected as a putative key factor that may play an important role in mediating the effects of SFJDC treatment during ALI progression. Follow-up validation studies demonstrated that AKT1 expression effectively regulates various ALI-related molecules, and Gene Ontology analysis indicated that SFJDC-treated ALI rat macrophages were influenced by AKT1-based networks. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses following lentivirus-AKT1 or lentivirus-si-AKT1 infection in macrophages also indicated that AKT1 was essential for the development of ALI due to its ability to regulate oxidative stress, apoptosis, or inflammatory responses. In summary, SFJDC effectively modulated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation activity during ALI, potentially due to AKT1 regulation during ALI progression. New insights into SFJDC mechanisms may facilitate the development of novel pharmaceutical strategies to control the expression of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xia Meng
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yan-Qi Han
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research , Tianjin 300193, China
| | | | - Shifei Wu
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhu
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bozhou 236800, China
| | - Tie-Jun Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research , Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210, China
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Li Y, Chang N, Han Y, Zhou M, Gao J, Hou Y, Jiang M, Zhang T, Bai G. Anti-inflammatory effects of Shufengjiedu capsule for upper respiratory infection via the ERK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:758-766. [PMID: 28802227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufengjiedu Capsule (SFJD) is a type of Chinese traditional medicine compound for the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection. The present work aims to decipher the mechanism of SFJD. METHODS In this study, we used target prediction and RNA sequence (RNA-Seq) based on transcriptome analysis to clarify the inflammation-eliminating mechanism of SFJD. Firstly, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAK) was used to induce acute lung injury in KM mice. After being treated by SFJD, the differently expressed genes were analyzed by RNA-Seq. Secondly, the chemical constituents of SFJD were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) and submitted to PharmMapper to predict targets. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and String 9.1 websites were employed to establish the interaction network of inflammation of these targets. RESULTS The results indicated that SFJD alleviated PAK induced lung injury in KM mice. We infer that the mechanism is a complex network containing 15 pathways related to inflammation regulated by 16 types of components from six types of herbs via 29 proteins. The ERK signaling pathway was a key pathway among them, which was predicted to be regulated by 14 types of components in SFJD. Phillyrin, emodin, and verbenalin were screened out by binding capacity, and the synergistic effect of them was further confirmed. CONCLUSIONS Various components of SFJD ameliorated PAK induced upper respiratory tract infection via multiple targets, of which ERK phosphorylation might be the key event regulated specifically by verbenalin, phillyrin and emodin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianwei Chang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqi Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengge Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
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Xia J, Inagaki Y, Gao J, Qi F, Song P, Han G, Sawakami T, Gao B, Luo C, Kokudo N, Hasegawa K, Sakamoto Y, Tang W. Combination of Cinobufacini and Doxorubicin Increases Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through the Fas- and Mitochondria-Mediated Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:1537-1556. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Cinobufacini, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used widely for cancer treatment, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sarcoma, and leukemia. Previous studies done by our lab indicated that cinobufacini could suppress HCC cells through mitochondria-mediated and Fas-mediated apoptotic pathways. Here, we use a combination of cinobufacini and doxorubicin to inhibit the growth of HCC cells. The combination group induced more significant apoptosis by affecting proteins and RNA of apoptosis-related elements, such as Bcl-2, Bax, Bid, and cytochrome c. Furthermore, cinobufacini, as a mixture of a number of components, had stronger apoptosis-inducing activity than particular individual components or a simple mixture of a few components. Overall, these results suggested that the combination of cinobufacini and doxorubicin may provide a new strategy for inhibiting the proliferation of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Xia
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Inagaki
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fanghua Qi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji’nan, China
| | - Peipei Song
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guohua Han
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Sawakami
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bo Gao
- Anhui Jinchan Biochemistry Company, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Chuan Luo
- Anhui Jinchan Biochemistry Company, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakamoto
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Tang
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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