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Schwarze FWMR, Carvalho T, Reina G, Greca LG, Buenter U, Gholam Z, Krupnik L, Neels A, Boesel L, Morris H, Heeb M, Huch A, Nyström G, Giovannini G. Taming the Production of Bioluminescent Wood Using the White Rot Fungus Desarmillaria Tabescens. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403215. [PMID: 39263934 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Although bioluminescence is documented both anecdotally and experimentally, the parameters involved in the production of fungal bioluminescence during wood colonization have not been identified to date. Here, for the first time, this work develops a methodology to produce a hybrid living material by manipulating wood colonization through merging the living fungus Desarmillaria tabescens with nonliving balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) wood to achieve and control the autonomous emission of bioluminescence. The hybrid material with the highest bioluminescence is produced by soaking the wood blocks before co-cultivating them with the fungus for 3 months. Regardless of the incubation period, the strongest bioluminescence is evident from balsa wood blocks with a moisture content of 700-1200%, highlighting the fundamental role of moisture content for bioluminescence production. Further characterization reveals that D. tabescens preferentially degraded hemicelluloses and lignin in balsa wood. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy reveals a decrease in lignin, while X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the cellulose crystalline structure is not altered during the colonization process. This information will enable the design of ad-hoc synthetic materials that use fungi as tools to maximize bioluminescence production, paving the way for an innovative hybrid material that could find application in the sustainable production of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis W M R Schwarze
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Tiago Carvalho
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Reina
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Luiz Garcia Greca
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Urs Buenter
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Zennat Gholam
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Leonard Krupnik
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Neels
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Boesel
- Giorgia Giovannini, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Hugh Morris
- Integrated Land Management Department, SRUC, Barony, Parkgate, Dumfries, DG1 3NE, UK
| | - Markus Heeb
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Anja Huch
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Gustav Nyström
- Laboratory for Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Giovannini
- Giorgia Giovannini, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland
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Amaral DT, Kaplan RA, Takishita TKE, de Souza DR, Oliveira AG, Rosa SP. Glowing wonders: exploring the diversity and ecological significance of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1373-1392. [PMID: 38733516 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence, the emission of light by living organisms, is a captivating and widespread phenomenon with diverse ecological functions. This comprehensive review explores the biodiversity, mechanisms, ecological roles, and conservation challenges of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil, a country known for its vast and diverse ecosystems. From the enchanting glow of fireflies and glow-in-the-dark mushrooms to the mesmerizing displays of marine dinoflagellates and cnidarians, Brazil showcases a remarkable array of bioluminescent species. Understanding the biochemical mechanisms and enzymes involved in bioluminescence enhances our knowledge of their evolutionary adaptations and ecological functions. However, habitat loss, climate change, and photopollution pose significant threats to these bioluminescent organisms. Conservation measures, interdisciplinary collaborations, and responsible lighting practices are crucial for their survival. Future research should focus on identifying endemic species, studying environmental factors influencing bioluminescence, and developing effective conservation strategies. Through interdisciplinary collaborations, advanced technologies, and increased funding, Brazil can unravel the mysteries of its bioluminescent biodiversity, drive scientific advancements, and ensure the long-term preservation of these captivating organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo T Amaral
- Centro de Ciências Naturais E Humanas, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Biotecnociência, Universidade Federal Do ABC (UFABC), Avenida Dos Estados, Bloco A, Room 504-3. ZIP 09210-580, Santo André, São Paulo, 5001, Brazil.
| | - Rachel A Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Daniel R de Souza
- Laboratório de Estudos Avançados Em Jornalismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson G Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Simone Policena Rosa
- Instituto de Recursos Naturais (IRN), Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá, MG, Brazil
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Cortés-Pérez A, Guzmán-Dávalos L, Ramírez-Cruz V, Villalobos-Arámbula AR, Ruiz-Sanchez E, Ramírez-Guillén F. New Species of Bioluminescent Mycena Sect. Calodontes (Agaricales, Mycenaceae) from Mexico. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:902. [PMID: 37755010 PMCID: PMC10532606 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycena section Calodontes is macromorphologically distinguished by the collybioid or mycenoid basidiome, which is pink, purple, or violet, and, rarely, reddish-brown or yellowish. It is further characterized by the presence of oxalate crystals in the basal mycelium. The section comprises approximately 40 taxa, of which only five species and one variety exhibit bioluminescence. As part of an extensive study on Mycena sect. Calodontes in Mexico, specimens belonging to this section were collected and subjected to morphological analysis. Sequences from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, RNA polymerase II large subunit Rpb1 (rpb1), and translation elongation factor-1α (Tef-1α) were generated to infer the relationships within Mycena sect. Calodontes using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The phylogenetic evidence, along with the macro- and micromorphological features, supported the recognition of five new bioluminescent species within Mycena sect. Calodontes. Detailed macro- and micromorphological descriptions, line-drawing illustrations, and light and dark photographs of the new species are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Cortés-Pérez
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.C.-P.); (E.R.-S.)
| | - Laura Guzmán-Dávalos
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.C.-P.); (E.R.-S.)
| | - Virginia Ramírez-Cruz
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.C.-P.); (E.R.-S.)
| | | | - Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.C.-P.); (E.R.-S.)
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Oba Y, Hosaka K. The Luminous Fungi of Japan. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:615. [PMID: 37367550 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminous fungi have long attracted public attention in Japan, from old folklore and fiction to current tourism, children's toys, games, and picture books. At present, 25 species of luminous fungi have been discovered in Japan, which correspond to approximately one-fourth of the globally recognized species. This species richness is arguably due to the abundant presence of mycophiles looking to find new mushroom species and a tradition of night-time activities, such as firefly watching, in Japan. Bioluminescence, a field of bioscience focused on luminous organisms, has long been studied by many Japanese researchers, including the biochemistry and chemistry of luminous fungi. A Japanese Nobel Prize winner, Osamu Shimomura (1928-2018), primarily focused on the bioluminescence system of luminous fungi in the latter part of his life, and total elucidation of the mechanism was finally accomplished by an international research team with representatives from Russia, Brazil, and Japan in 2018. In this review, we focused on multiple aspects related to luminous fungi of Japan, including myth, taxonomy, and modern sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Oba
- Department of Environmental Biology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hosaka
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Ibaraki, Japan
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Ke HM, Lee HH, Lin CYI, Liu YC, Lu MR, Hsieh JWA, Chang CC, Wu PH, Lu MJ, Li JY, Shang G, Lu RJH, Nagy LG, Chen PY, Kao HW, Tsai IJ. Mycena genomes resolve the evolution of fungal bioluminescence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31267-31277. [PMID: 33229585 PMCID: PMC7733832 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010761117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom-forming fungi in the order Agaricales represent an independent origin of bioluminescence in the tree of life; yet the diversity, evolutionary history, and timing of the origin of fungal luciferases remain elusive. We sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of five bonnet mushroom species (Mycena spp.), a diverse lineage comprising the majority of bioluminescent fungi. Two species with haploid genome assemblies ∼150 Mb are among the largest in Agaricales, and we found that a variety of repeats between Mycena species were differentially mediated by DNA methylation. We show that bioluminescence evolved in the last common ancestor of mycenoid and the marasmioid clade of Agaricales and was maintained through at least 160 million years of evolution. Analyses of synteny across genomes of bioluminescent species resolved how the luciferase cluster was derived by duplication and translocation, frequently rearranged and lost in most Mycena species, but conserved in the Armillaria lineage. Luciferase cluster members were coexpressed across developmental stages, with the highest expression in fruiting body caps and stipes, suggesting fruiting-related adaptive functions. Our results contribute to understanding a de novo origin of bioluminescence and the corresponding gene cluster in a diverse group of enigmatic fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Mien Ke
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Hsin-Han Lee
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yi Ivy Lin
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Yu-Ching Liu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Min R Lu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Wei Allison Hsieh
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chih Chang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Wu
- Master Program for Plant Medicine and Good Agricultural Practice, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meiyeh Jade Lu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yi Li
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Gaus Shang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Rita Jui-Hsien Lu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - László G Nagy
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Pao-Yang Chen
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Isheng Jason Tsai
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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