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Machraoui S, Errafii K, Oujamaa I, Belghali MY, Hakmaoui A, Lamjadli S, Eddehbi FE, Brahim I, Haida Y, Admou B. Frequency of the Main Human Leukocyte Antigen A, B, DR, and DQ Loci Known to Be Associated with the Clearance or Persistence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in a Healthy Population from the Southern Region of Morocco: A Preliminary Study. Diseases 2024; 12:106. [PMID: 38785761 PMCID: PMC11120154 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection represents a significant global health challenge, with its natural course largely influenced by the host's immune response. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules, particularly HLA class I and II, play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response against HCV. The polymorphism of HLA molecules contributes to the variability in immune response, affecting the outcomes of HCV infection. This study aims to investigate the frequency of HLA A, B, DR, and DQ alleles known to be associated with HCV clearance or persistence in a healthy Moroccan population. Conducted at the University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakech, this study spanned from 2015 to 2022 and included 703 healthy Moroccan individuals. HLA class I and II typing was performed using complement-dependent cytotoxicity and polymerase chain reaction-based methodologies. The results revealed the distinct patterns of HLA-A, B, DRB1, and DQB1 alleles in the Moroccan population. Notably, alleles linked to favorable HCV outcomes, such as HLA-DQB1*0301, DQB1*0501, and DRB1*1101, were more prevalent. Conversely, alleles associated with increased HCV susceptibility and persistence, such as HLA-DQB1*02 and DRB1*03, were also prominent. Gender-specific variations in allele frequencies were observed, providing insights into genetic influences on HCV infection outcomes. The findings align with global trends in HLA allele associations with HCV infection outcomes. The study emphasizes the role of host genetics in HCV infection, highlighting the need for further research in the Moroccan community, including HCV-infected individuals. The prevalence of certain HLA alleles, both protective and susceptibility-linked, underscores the potential for a national HLA data bank in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Machraoui
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40080, Morocco
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco;
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco;
| | - Ider Oujamaa
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Moulay Yassine Belghali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30003, Morocco;
| | - Abdelmalek Hakmaoui
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Saad Lamjadli
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Fatima Ezzohra Eddehbi
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Ikram Brahim
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Yasmine Haida
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Brahim Admou
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40080, Morocco
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Srivastava A, Hollenbach JA. The immunogenetics of COVID-19. Immunogenetics 2022; 75:309-320. [PMID: 36534127 PMCID: PMC9762652 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-022-01284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was sparked by the severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that first surfaced in December 2019 (COVID-19). The effects of COVID-19 differ substantially not just between patients individually but also between populations with different ancestries. In humans, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system coordinates immune regulation. Since HLA molecules are a major component of antigen-presenting pathway, they play an important role in determining susceptibility to infectious disease. It is likely that differential susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or disease course in COVID-19 in different individuals could be influenced by the variations in the HLA genes which are associated with various immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. A growing number of studies have identified a connection between HLA variation and diverse COVID-19 outcomes. Here, we review research investigating the impact of HLA on individual responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or progression, also discussing the significance of MHC-related immunological patterns and its use in vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Srivastava
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Jill A. Hollenbach
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
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Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) System: Genetics and Association with Bacterial and Viral Infections. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:9710376. [PMID: 35664353 PMCID: PMC9162874 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9710376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is one of the most crucial host factors influencing disease progression in bacterial and viral infections. This review provides the basic concepts of the structure and function of HLA molecules in humans. Here, we highlight the main findings on the associations between HLA class I and class II alleles and susceptibility to important infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, melioidosis, Staphylococcus aureus infection, human immunodeficiency virus infection, coronavirus disease 2019, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in populations worldwide. Finally, we discuss challenges in HLA typing to predict disease outcomes in clinical implementation. Evaluation of the impact of HLA variants on the outcome of bacterial and viral infections would improve the understanding of pathogenesis and identify those at risk from infectious diseases in distinct populations and may improve the individual treatment.
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Ertosun MG, Özkan Ö, Darbaş Ş, Özel D, Bilge U, Sayin Ekinci N, Yilmaz VT, Uçar F, Koçak H, Özkan Ö. The relationship between COVID-19 and HLA in kidney transplant recipients, an evaluation of predictive and prognostic factors. Clin Transplant 2021; 36:e14525. [PMID: 34726292 PMCID: PMC8646315 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive and prognostic factors for COVID-19 infection and its relationship with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in kidney transplant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHOD Three hundred fifty kidney transplant recipients were included in the study. Recipients were divided into two groups: COVID-19(+) (n = 100) and control (n = 250). The relationships between HLA frequencies, COVID-19 infection, and prognostic factors (age, donor type, immunosuppression protocol, etc.) were then evaluated. Logistic regression analysis, heatmap, and decision tree methods were used to determine predictive and prognostic factors. The study was performed retrospectively. RESULTS Advanced age and deceased transplantation emerged as predictive of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while the presence of HLA-A*11, the HLA match ratio, and high-dose tacrolimus were identified as prognostic factors in kidney transplant recipients. HLA-A10, HLA-B*13, HLA-B22, and HLA-B*55 were shown to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection at univariate analysis, and HLA-B*57, HLA-DRB1*11, and HLA-DRB1*13 at logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION HLA-A10, HLA-B*13, HLA-B*55, HLA-B*57, HLA-DRB1*11, and HLA-DRB1*13 were identified for the first time in the literature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gökhan Ertosun
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.,Tissue Typing and Transplantation Laboratory, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Özlenen Özkan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Şule Darbaş
- Tissue Typing and Transplantation Laboratory, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Deniz Özel
- Statistical Consulting, Application and Research Center, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Uğur Bilge
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nurten Sayin Ekinci
- Tissue Typing and Transplantation Laboratory, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Vural Taner Yilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Nephrology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fahri Uçar
- Tissue Typing and Transplantation Laboratory, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Koçak
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Nephrology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ömer Özkan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Yu X, Ho K, Shen Z, Fu X, Huang H, Wu D, Lin Y, Lin Y, Chen W, Su M, Qiu C, Zhuang X, Su Z. The Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen and COVID-19 in Southern China. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab410. [PMID: 34552996 PMCID: PMC8436377 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism is hypothesized to be associated with diverse immune responses toward infectious diseases. Herein, by comparing against multiple subpopulation groups as control, we confirmed that HLA-B*15:27 and HLA-DRB1*04:06 were associated with coronavirus disease 2019 susceptibility in China. Both alleles were predicted to have weak binding affinities toward viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kuoting Ho
- HI. Q Biomedical Laboratory, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.,School of Biomedical Science, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongliang Shen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- HI. Q Biomedical Laboratory, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hongbo Huang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Delun Wu
- HI. Q Biomedical Laboratory, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yancheng Lin
- HI. Q Biomedical Laboratory, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yijian Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenhuang Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Milong Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xibin Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijun Su
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Quanzhou, affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Association of HLA Class II Alleles with Outcome of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.109493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Context: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately 30% of infected persons with HCV spontaneously clear the viral infection; but, some of the remaining patients develop chronic HCV. Studies show that HLA molecules play an important role in the outcome of HCV infection by influencing the efficiency of the antiviral immune response to HCV infection. It is now known that polymorphisms in HLA loci are associated with HCV susceptibility or clearance. The purpose of the present study was to systematically review the studies that reported the association of HLA class II alleles (HLA-DQ and HLA-DR) with the outcome of HCV infection. Evidence Acquisition: Studies were identified by searching electronic databases, including PubMed and Scopus. A total of 12,265 relevant studies were identified by the electronic search, of which a total of 19 eligible papers were identified that were meta-analyzed for the association between HLA class II alleles and the outcome of HCV infection. Results: Subjects carrying HLA-DQB1*0301, HLA-DQB1*0501, HLA-DRB1*1303, HLA-DRB1*1201, HLA-DRB1*0401, HLA-DRB1*0101, and HLA-DRB1*1101 alleles were significantly associated with higher spontaneous clearance of HCV infection. Conclusions: The data from the current study confirm that several polymorphisms in HLA-DQ and HLA-DR loci are correlated with the clearance of HCV infection. Identifying these polymorphisms may contribute to a better understanding of immune mechanisms of HCV clearance or persistence.
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Shao LN, Zhou SH, Wang N, Zhang ST, Liu M. Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Chinese Han Population. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1182-1197. [PMID: 33902378 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1916524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global public health burden. Chronic HCV infection leads to the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver failure over time.Methods: A total of 250 patients with chronic HCV infection and 299 healthy blood donors were recruited. Sixteen candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL5, CCL8, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and CCR5 were genotyped in all participants.Results: The rs1024610 AA genotype was significantly associated with decreased susceptibility to chronic HCV infection. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, AST/platelet ratio index, and the fibrosis 4 score were significantly lower in the CCL2 rs1024610 T allele and haplotype ATGC carriers. Moreover, expression levels of collagen IV (C-IV) and laminin (LN) were significantly higher in patients with the CCL5 rs2280788 C allele compared to the non-carriers. Similarly, the expression levels of C-IV, LN, and hyaluronic acid were significantly higher in patients with the CCL5 haplotype, TGCT. No significant differences were identified between the SNPs/haplotypes and plasma levels of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 in the healthy controls, and the rs1024610 allele alteration had no effect on CCL2 promoter activity.Conclusions: This is the first study to report an association between CCL2 rs1024610 and the risk of chronic HCV infection in the Chinese Han population. rs1024610 and ATGC haplotype in CCL2 were reasonable candidate markers of liver abnormalities. rs2280788 and TGCT haplotype in CCL5 are likely to play a significant role in liver fibrosis during chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ni Wang
- Dalian Blood Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Yengo CK, Torimiro J, Kowo M, Lebon PA, Tiedeu BA, Luma H, Njoya O, Rowland-Jones S, Yindom LM. Variation of HLA class I (-A and -C) genes in individuals infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus in Cameroon. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05232. [PMID: 33102855 PMCID: PMC7569220 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) work in concert with other immune factors to modulate immunity to viral infections. Extensive variation has been reported in the genetic sequences and functions of classical HLA class I genes in many (mostly Western) populations, and several HLA associations with infectious disease outcomes have been reported. Little is known about their role in the susceptibility or resistance to hepatitis viruses in Central African populations. The aim of this study was to determine variants of two HLA class I genes (HLA-A and -C) in adults infected with hepatitis B (HBV)- or -C (HCV) virus in Cameroon. In this case-control study, a total of 169 unrelated adults comprising 68 HCV-infected, 38 HBV-infected and 63 uninfected (controls) individuals participated. Each consented participant was screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections and willingly donated a single blood sample for genomic DNA isolation and some clinical laboratory tests. HLA-A and HLA-C were genotyped using previously described sequence-based techniques (SBT). A total of 54 HLA alleles were identified in the study population (27 HLA-A and 27 HLA-C). HLA-A∗23:01 and HLA-C∗07:01 were the most common alleles with genotype frequencies of 31.4% and 29.3%, respectively. Hepatitis individuals were six times more likely to be HLA-A∗30:01 carriers than uninfected controls (OR = 6.30, p = 0.020 (HBV); OR = 6.21, p = 0.010 (HCV), respectively). Similarly, carriers of HLA-C∗17:01 were over-represented in the HBV-infected compared to the uninfected control group (21.9% vs. 6.4%, respectively) suggesting that this allele could play a role in the susceptibility to HBV infection. These findings demonstrate that carriers of HLA-A∗30:01 were over-represented in the hepatitis group compared to uninfected controls while HLA-C∗17:01 was completely absent in the HCV + group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clauvis Kunkeng Yengo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Judith Torimiro
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mathurin Kowo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Awoumou Lebon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Barbara Atogho Tiedeu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Oudou Njoya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Sarah Rowland-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louis-Marie Yindom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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El-Bendary M, Naemattalah M, Yassen A, Mousa N, Elhammady D, Sultan AM, Abdel-Wahab M. Interrelationship between Toll-like receptors and infection after orthotopic liver transplantation. World J Transplant 2020; 10:162-172. [PMID: 32742949 PMCID: PMC7360527 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i6.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early microbial recognition by the innate immune system is accomplished by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), with resultant initiation of a pro-inflammatory response against infecting organisms. In spite of presence of an abundance of Toll-like receptors on the surface of the liver, gut bacteria does not elicit an inflammatory reaction in healthy individuals due to tolerance to these TLRs, suggesting that the inflammatory responses seen in the liver are the result of breakdown of this tolerance. While orthotopic liver transplantation is often life saving in many instances, death following this procedure is most commonly due to infection that occurs in up to 80% of transplant recipients, most commonly due to microbial causes in up to 70% of cases and viral infections in 20%, while fungal infections affect only 8% of cases. The probability of acquiring infection following hepatic transplantation is heightened due to affection of the innate immune defense mechanisms of the host following this procedure. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of TLRs have been associated with increased likelihood of either development of post-transplant infection or eradication of infecting organism. However, conflicting reports from other studies reveal that prevalence of this single nucleotide polymorphism is not increased in infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud El-Bendary
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Naemattalah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Yassen
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Naser Mousa
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Dina Elhammady
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sultan
- Gastroenterology Surgical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Wahab
- Gastroenterology Surgical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
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Neamatallah M, El-Bendary M, Elalfy H, Besheer T, El-Maksoud MA, Elhammady D, Abed S, Elegezy M, Kandeel L, Eldeib D, Mousa N, Abd El-Hafeez M, El-Gilany AH, Esmat G. Impact of Toll-like Receptors 2(TLR2) and TLR 4 Gene Variations on HCV Susceptibility, Response to Treatment and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhotic HCV Patients. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:462-476. [PMID: 31615295 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1673772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims: Genetic polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been proposed to affect susceptibility to HCV infection and progression to end-stage liver disease. This study was conducted to clarify the association of SNPS of TLR2 and TLR4 with clinical outcome of hepatitis C, response to treatment and development of HCC.Methods: The current study examined 3295 individuals from 725 families that were categorized into groups comprising chronic HCV (CH), spontaneous viral clearance (SC) and control subjects. Treated patients were classified into responders (RT) and non-responders (NRT). In addition, patients with liver cirrhotic (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were also included. All subjects were genotyped for five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR2 and four SNPs of TLR4 and their haplotypes using allelic discrimination real-time PCR.Results: Results demonstrated strong association with allele A of rs13105517 of TLR2 and allele C of rs10116253 of TLR4 with CH in comparison to SC group. However, The peak of risk of HCC was observed with allele C of rs3804099 of TLR2 and C allele of rs10116253 TLR4 (p < 0.001).A strong association was found with allele T of rs1816702 of TLR2 and allele A of rs5030728 of TLR4 in non responder group in comparison to responders (p < 0.001). Haplotypes CAGT of TLR4 and ATAC of TLR2 showed significant association with CH and HCC groups in comparison to other groups.Conclusions: This study shows an association of minor alleles of TLR2 and TLR4 with outcome of HCV infection, response to therapy and development of HCC in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Neamatallah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Bendary
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem Elalfy
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tarek Besheer
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abd El-Maksoud
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dina Elhammady
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally Abed
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elegezy
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Kandeel
- Ministry of Health, Sherbeen General Hospital, Sherbeen city, Egypt
| | - Dalia Eldeib
- Biochemistry department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Naser Mousa
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Tropical Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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