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Rezaeian A, Amini SM, Najafabadi MRH, Farsangi ZJ, Samadian H. Plasmonic hyperthermia or radiofrequency electric field hyperthermia of cancerous cells through green-synthesized curcumin-coated gold nanoparticles. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1333-1341. [PMID: 34406533 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia is one of the prominent adjuvant therapies which has been faced by many problematic challenges such as efficiency and safety. To compare the nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy and radiofrequency electric field hyperthermia, green-synthesized curcumin-coated gold nanoparticles (Cur@AuNPs) were applied in an in vitro study. Using recently published methodologies, each step of the study was performed. Through green chemistry, curcumin was applied as both a reducing and a capping agent in the gold nanoparticle synthesis process. Various techniques were applied for the characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles. The heating rate of Cur@AuNPs in the presence of RFEF or laser irradiation was recorded by using a non-contact thermometer. The cellular uptake of the Cur@AuNPs was studied by ICP-AES. The cellular viability and apoptosis rate of different treatment were measured to investigate the effect of two different nano-hyperthermia techniques on the murine colorectal cancer cell line. The average size of Cur@AuNPs was 7.2 ± 3.3 nm. The stability of the gold nanoparticles in the phosphate buffer saline with and without fetal bovine serum was verified by UV-Vis spectroscopy. FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and TEM indicate that the stability is a result of phenolic coating on the surface of nanoparticles. Cur@AuNPs can absorb both light and radiofrequency electric field exposure in a way that could kill cancerous cells in a significant number (30% in 64 μg/ml concentration). Green-synthesized Cur@AuNPs could induce apoptosis cell death in photothermal therapy and radiofrequency electric field hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Rezaeian
- Department of Medical Physics, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), 14003391769, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza H Najafabadi
- Medical Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Jomeh Farsangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Aminu N, Chan SY, Mumuni MA, Umar NM, Tanko N, Zauro SA, Aminu A, Toh SM. Physicochemical compatibility studies of triclosan and flurbiprofen with excipients of pharmaceutical formulation using binary, ternary, and multi-combination approach. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of triclosan (TCS) and flurbiprofen (FLB) with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), chitosan (CS), and Kolliphor® P188 (KP) for possible application in the design of nano-formulations.
Results
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the physical characteristics of the various sample compositions without any apparent interaction. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)’s spectra of the physical mixtures showed their characteristic absorption bands with broadening and overlapping of bands in some instances, but no appearance of new bands was observed.
Conclusion
The study revealed the physical form stability of the evaluated components after the storage period and lack of definite pharmaceutical incompatibility between them. Thus, the selected drugs and excipients could be used for the development of pharmaceutical nano-formulations.
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Aguilar-Rabiela AE, Leal-Egaña A, Nawaz Q, Boccaccini AR. Integration of Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles and Curcumin into PHBV Microspheres as Biocompatible Composite for Drug Delivery Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113177. [PMID: 34073377 PMCID: PMC8198669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are being increasingly considered for biomedical applications. One convenient approach to utilize BGs in tissue engineering and drug delivery involves their combination with organic biomaterials in order to form composites with enhanced biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this work, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGN) have been merged with polyhydroxyalkanoate microspheres with the purpose to develop drug carriers. The composite carriers (microspheres) were loaded with curcumin as a model drug. The toxicity and delivery rate of composite microspheres were tested in vitro, reaching a curcumin loading efficiency of over 90% and an improving of biocompatibility of different concentrations of MBGN due to its administrations through the composite. The composite microspheres were tested in terms of controlled release, biocompatibility and bioactivity. Our results demonstrate that the composite microspheres can be potentially used in biomedicine due to their dual effects: bioactivity (due to the presence of MBGN) and curcumin release capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo E. Aguilar-Rabiela
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.-E.); (Q.N.)
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Carretera Lago de Guadalupe Km 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Estado de México, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.E.A.-R.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Aldo Leal-Egaña
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.-E.); (Q.N.)
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.-E.); (Q.N.)
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (A.L.-E.); (Q.N.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.A.-R.); (A.R.B.)
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Jeličić ML, Brusač E, Kurajica S, Cvetnić M, Amidžić Klarić D, Nigović B, Mornar A. Drug-Drug Compatibility Evaluation of Sulfasalazine and Folic Acid for Fixed-Dose Combination Development Using Various Analytical Tools. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:400. [PMID: 33802955 PMCID: PMC8002613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The simultaneous administration of sulfasalazine and folic acid is regular practice in the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases in order to maintain sufficient folate concentration in patients. Having multiple drugs in the therapy increases the possibility of patients failing adherence, thus unintentionally endangering their health. A fixed-dose combination of sulfasalazine and folic would simplify the classical polytherapeutic approach; however, the physicochemical compatibility investigation of two active pharmaceutical ingredients plays an important role in the development of such a product. In this work, various analytical tools were used to determine the physicochemical compatibility of sulfasalazine and folic acid. For the evaluation of chemical compatibility, infrared spectroscopy in combination with advanced statistical methods, such as the principal component analysis and cluster analysis, were used, whilst a simultaneous thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis gave us an insight into the physical compatibility of two drugs. Isothermal stress testing, forced degradation and dissolution studies, followed by the analysis with a developed chromatographic method for the monitoring of folic acid, sulfasalazine and two of its related impurities, sulfapyridine and salicylic acid, gave us an insight into its chemical compatibility. The combination of the results obtained from the used techniques implies a satisfactory physicochemical compatibility between sulfasalazine and folic acid, which opens the path to the development of the proposed fixed-dose combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario-Livio Jeličić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.-L.J.); (E.B.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Edvin Brusač
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.-L.J.); (E.B.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Stanislav Kurajica
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulić Square 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Matija Cvetnić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulić Square 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Amidžić Klarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.-L.J.); (E.B.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Biljana Nigović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.-L.J.); (E.B.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Ana Mornar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.-L.J.); (E.B.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
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Sajjad W, He F, Ullah MW, Ikram M, Shah SM, Khan R, Khan T, Khalid A, Yang G, Wahid F. Fabrication of Bacterial Cellulose-Curcumin Nanocomposite as a Novel Dressing for Partial Thickness Skin Burn. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:553037. [PMID: 33072719 PMCID: PMC7531241 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.553037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to fabricate curcumin-loaded bacterial cellulose (BC-Cur) nanocomposite as a potential wound dressing for partial thickness burns by utilizing the therapeutic features of curcumin and unique structural, physico-chemical, and biological features of bacterial cellulose (BC). Characterization analyses confirmed the successful impregnation of curcumin into the BC matrix. Biocompatibility studies showed the better attachment and proliferation of fibroblast cells on the BC-Cur nanocomposite. The antibacterial potential of curcumin was tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Wound healing analysis of partial-thickness burns in Balbc mice showed an accelerated wound closure up to 64.25% after 15 days in the BC-Cur nanocomposite treated group. Histological studies showed healthy granulation tissues, fine re-epithelialization, vascularization, and resurfacing of wound bed in the BC-Cur nanocomposite group. These results indicate that combining BC with curcumin significantly improved the healing pattern. Thus, it can be concluded that the fabricated biomaterial could provide a base for the development of promising alternatives for the conventional dressing system in treating burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Sajjad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Feng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Masood Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Romana Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khalid
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
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Physicochemical Compatibility Investigation of Mesalazine and Folic Acid Using Chromatographic and Thermoanalytical Techniques. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080187. [PMID: 32784456 PMCID: PMC7463986 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a common name for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These inflammatory states cause damage in the sidewalls of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in malabsorption of food and vitamins. Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is often associated with inflammatory bowel diseases since reduced overall folate concentration in the human body may lead to the development of colorectal cancer and megaloblastic anaemia. However, its deficiency is easily compensated by taking an additional folic acid pill during regular therapy. At the moment, there are no studies that have examined the compatibility of folic acid with 5-aminosalicylate drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this work, differential scanning calorimetry, forced degradation studies, isothermal stress testing and dissolution stability testing were used to determine the stability of folic acid and one of the most commonly used 5-aminosalicylates, mesalazine, when present in the same solution or blend. To monitor the assay of folic acid, mesalazine and nine of its related impurities, a single HPLC method was developed. Results of compatibility studies showed that no physicochemical interaction between mesalazine and folic acid occurs when combined, opening the path to the development of new formulations, such as a mesalazine/folic acid fixed-dose combination.
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Bechnak L, Khalil C, Kurdi RE, Khnayzer RS, Patra D. Curcumin encapsulated colloidal amphiphilic block co-polymeric nanocapsules: colloidal nanocapsules enhance photodynamic and anticancer activities of curcumin. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1088-1098. [PMID: 32638825 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin-based novel colloidal nanocapsules were prepared from amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (F108). These colloidal nanocapsules appeared as spherical particles with size ranging between 270 and 310 nm. Curcumin fluorescence spectra exhibited an aggregation-induced 23 nm red-shift of the emission maximum in addition to the enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield in these nanocapsules. The cytotoxicity of curcumin and colloidal nanocapsules was assessed using human derived immortalized cell lines (A549 and A375 cells) in the presence and absence of light irradiation. The nanocapsules exhibited a >30-fold decrease in IC50, suggesting enhanced anticancer activity associated with curcumin encapsulation. Higher toxicity was also reported in the presence of light irradiation (as shown by the IC50 data), indicating their potential for future application in photodynamic therapy. Finally, A375 cells treated with curcumin and the nanocapsules showed a significant increase in single- and/or double-strand DNA breaks upon exposure to light, indicating promising biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bechnak
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christian Khalil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, 13-5053, 1102-2801, Chouran, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Riham El Kurdi
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rony S Khnayzer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, 13-5053, 1102-2801, Chouran, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Digambara Patra
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Asmawi AA, Salim N, Abdulmalek E, Abdul Rahman MB. Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4357. [PMID: 32575390 PMCID: PMC7352744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The synergistic anticancer effect of docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CCM) has emerged as an attractive therapeutic candidate for lung cancer treatment. However, the lack of optimal bioavailability because of high toxicity, low stability, and poor solubility has limited their clinical success. Given this, an aerosolized nanoemulsion system for pulmonary delivery is recommended to mitigate these drawbacks. In this study, DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions were optimized using the D-optimal mixture experimental design (MED). The effect of nanoemulsion compositions towards two response variables, namely, particle size and aerosol size, was studied. The optimized formulations for both DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions were determined, and their physicochemical and aerodynamic properties were evaluated as well. The MED models achieved the optimum formulation for DTX- and CCM-loaded nanoemulsions containing a 6.0 wt% mixture of palm kernel oil ester (PKOE) and safflower seed oils (1:1), 2.5 wt% of lecithin, 2.0 wt% mixture of Tween 85 and Span 85 (9:1), and 2.5 wt% of glycerol in the aqueous phase. The actual values of the optimized formulations were in line with the predicted values obtained from the MED, and they exhibited desirable attributes of physicochemical and aerodynamic properties for inhalation therapy. Thus, the optimized formulations have potential use as a drug delivery system for a pulmonary application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azren Aida Asmawi
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.A.); (N.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Norazlinaliza Salim
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.A.); (N.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Emilia Abdulmalek
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.A.); (N.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.A.); (N.S.); (E.A.)
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Arginine-α, β-dehydrophenylalanine Dipeptide Nanoparticles for pH-Responsive Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2018; 35:35. [PMID: 29362936 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibiting responsiveness towards pH variations in organs, tissue microenvironments and cellular compartments can significantly add on to the drug delivery potential. Here, we have developed NPs from an amphipathic dipeptide, Arginine-α, β-dehydrophenylalanine (RΔF), and tried to explore their pH responsive drug delivery potential in various cancer cells. METHODS RΔF-NPs were architectured by harnessing the process of molecular self-assembly followed by the assessment of effect of pH on NPs morphology using zetasizer, SEM and CD. FTIR and PXRD analysis of the dipeptide and doxorubicin (Dox) were carried out for compatibility assessment followed by encapsulation of Dox in RΔF-NPs. RΔF-Dox-NPs were evaluated for pH dependent release as well as for in-vitro cellular internalization and efficacy in cancer cells. RESULTS RΔF self-assembled to form monodispersed particles at pH 7. SEM analysis revealed a loss of overall particle morphology along with particle aggregation at highly acidic and basic pH respectively. The NPs demonstrated a slow and sustained release behaviour at pH 7 (97.64 ± 4.71% after 36 h) in comparison to pH 2 (90.27 ± 1.45% after 8 h) and pH 10 (96.39 ± 3.87% after 12 h). In-vitro efficacy studies carried-out in various cancer cells revealed that RΔF-Dox-NPs exhibited higher efficacy with 1.65, 1.95 and 13.34 fold lower IC50 values in comparison to Dox in C6, HCT-116 and AGS cell lines. CONCLUSIONS RΔF-Dox-NPs with higher drug release at acidic pH, enhanced internalization in cancer cells along with higher cytotoxic potential can act as effective pH responsive drug delivery systems.
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Han C, Zhao A, Varughese E, Sahle-Demessie E. Evaluating Weathering of Food Packaging Polyethylene-Nano-clay Composites: Release of Nanoparticles and their Impacts. NANOIMPACT 2018; 9:61-71. [PMID: 29226269 PMCID: PMC5716355 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nano-fillers are increasingly incorporated into polymeric materials to improve the mechanical, barrier or other matrix properties of nanocomposites used for consumer and industrial applications. However, over the life cycle, these nanocomposites could degrade due to exposure to environmental conditions, resulting in the release of embedded nanomaterials from the polymer matrix into the environment. This paper presents a rigorous study on the degradation and the release of nanomaterials from food packaging composites. Films of nano-clay-loaded low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite for food packaging applications were prepared with the spherilene technology and exposed to accelerated weathering of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or low concentration of ozone at 40 °C. The changes in the structural, surface morphology, chemical and physical properties of the films during accelerated weathering were investigated. Qualitative and quantitative changes in properties of pristine and aged materials and the release of nano-clay proceeded slowly until 130 hr irradiation and then accelerated afterward resulting complete degradation. Although nano-clay increased the stability of LDPE and improved thermal and barrier properties, they accelerated the UV oxidation of LDPE. With increasing exposure to UV, the surface roughness, chemiluminescence index, and carbonyl index of the samples increased while decreasing the intensity of the wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern. Nano-clay particles with sizes ranging from 2-8 nm were released from UV and ozone weathered composite. The concentrations of released nanoparticles increased with an increase in aging time. Various toxicity tests, including reactive oxygen species generation and cell activity/viability were also performed on the released nano-clay and clay polymer. The released nano-clays basically did not show toxicity. Our combined results demonstrated the degradation properties of nano-clay particle-embedded LDPE composites toxicity of released nano-clay particles to A594 adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells was observed, which will help with future risk based-formulations of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Han
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
| | - Amy Zhao
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
| | - Eunice Varughese
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
| | - E. Sahle-Demessie
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
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Ahmed IS, El Hosary R, Hassan MA, Haider M, Abd-Rabo MM. Efficacy and Safety Profiles of Oral Atorvastatin-Loaded Nanoparticles: Effect of Size Modulation on Biodistribution. Mol Pharm 2017; 15:247-255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman S. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rania El Hosary
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 12553, Egypt
| | - Mariame A. Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abd-Rabo
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 12553, Egypt
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Mishra K, Alsbeih G. Appraisal of biochemical classes of radioprotectors: evidence, current status and guidelines for future development. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:292. [PMID: 28868219 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for efficient radioprotective agents to protect from radiation-induced toxicity, due to planned or accidental radiation exposure, is still ongoing worldwide. Despite decades of research and development of widely different biochemical classes of natural and derivative compounds, a safe and effective radioprotector is largely unmet. In this comprehensive review, we evaluated the evidence for the radioprotective performance of classical thiols, vitamins, minerals, dietary antioxidants, phytochemicals, botanical and bacterial preparations, DNA-binding agents, cytokines, and chelators including adaptogens. Where radioprotection was demonstrated, the compounds have shown moderate dose modifying factors ranging from 1.1 to 2.7. To date, only few compounds found way to clinic with limited margin of dose prescription due to side effects. Most of these compounds (amifostine, filgratism, pegfilgrastim, sargramostim, palifermin, recombinant salmonella flagellin, Prussian blue, potassium iodide) act primarily via scavenging of free radicals, modulation of oxidative stress, signal transduction, cell proliferation or enhance radionuclide elimination. However, the gain in radioprotection remains hampered with low margin of tolerance. Future development of more effective radioprotectors requires an appropriate nontoxic compound, a model system and biomarkers of radiation exposure. These are important to test the effectiveness of radioprotection on physiological tissues during radiotherapy and field application in cases of nuclear eventualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnanand Mishra
- Radiation Biology Section, Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi Alsbeih
- Radiation Biology Section, Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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