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Zhao FY, Kennedy GA, Xu P, Conduit R, Wang YM, Zhang WJ, Wang HR, Yue LP, Huang YL, Wang Y, Xu Y, Fu QQ, Zheng Z. Identifying complementary and alternative medicine recommendations for anxiety treatment and care: a systematic review and critical assessment of comprehensive clinical practice guidelines. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1290580. [PMID: 38152358 PMCID: PMC10751921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1290580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are used to guide decision-making, especially regarding complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies that are unfamiliar to orthodox healthcare providers. This systematic review aimed to critically review and summarise CAM recommendations associated with anxiety management included in the existing CPGs. Methods Seven databases, websites of six international guidelines developing institutions, and the National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health website were systematically searched. Their reporting and methodological quality were evaluated using the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in Healthcare checklist and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (2nd version) instrument, respectively. Results Ten CPGs were included, with reporting rates between 51.4 and 88.6%. Seven of these were of moderate to high methodological quality. Seventeen CAM modalities were implicated, involving phytotherapeutics, mind-body practice, art therapy, and homeopathy. Applied relaxation was included in 70% CPGs, which varied in degree of support for its use in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder. There were few recommendations for other therapies/products. Light therapy was not recommended for use in generalised anxiety disorder, and St John's wort and mindfulness were not recommended for use in social anxiety disorder in individual guidelines. Recommendations for the applicability of other therapies/products for treating a specific anxiety disorder were commonly graded as "unclear, unambiguous, or uncertain". No CAM recommendations were provided for separation anxiety disorder, specific phobia or selective mutism. Conclusion Available guidelines are limited in providing logically explained graded CAM recommendations for anxiety treatment and care. A lack of high-quality evidence and multidisciplinary consultation during the guideline development are two major reasons. High quality and reliable clinical evidence and the engagement of a range of interdisciplinary stakeholders are needed for future CPG development and updating. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022373694, identifier CRD42022373694.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yi Zhao
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerard A. Kennedy
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Peijie Xu
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Russell Conduit
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ru Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ping Yue
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ling Huang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang-Qiang Fu
- Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zheng
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Town R, Hayes D, March A, Fonagy P, Stapley E. Self-management, self-care, and self-help in adolescents with emotional problems: a scoping review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-022-02134-z. [PMID: 36641785 PMCID: PMC9840811 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to review the existing published and grey literature describing the concepts of self-management, self-care, and self-help, and to capture strategies or techniques related to these concepts, for adolescents with emotional problems. Emotional problems are rising amongst adolescents, yet timely access to specialist mental health treatment is limited to those with greater severity of mental health difficulties. Self-management, self-care, and self-help strategies may be used by adolescents with emotional problems both in terms of those waiting for treatment and to prevent relapse. Given the overlap in existing definitions and the lack of clarity around these concepts in an adolescent mental health context, a scoping review of the literature is warranted to provide clarity. Eligible studies were those involving adolescents aged 10 to 19 years with symptoms of emotional problems. Studies referenced self-management, self-care, or self-help, not involving a professional, in this population. Quantitative, qualitative, economic, and mixed methods studies, as well as systematic, scoping, and literature reviews, from 2000 onwards and in the English language, were eligible for inclusion. A systematic search was conducted of both published and grey literature. Databases searched included PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL Plus. Mednar was also searched for unpublished studies and grey literature. Tables of themes, terms, and associated strategies are presented alongside a thematic analysis of the results. 62 articles were included. These were 20 quantitative studies, 14 systematic reviews, 10 qualitative studies, five review papers, four book chapters, four mixed methods studies, two dissertations, two meta-analyses and one scoping review and systematic review. Most of the included articles referenced self-help (n = 51), followed by self-management (n = 17) and self-care (n = 6). A total of 12 themes were identified from a reflexive thematic analysis of descriptions (and associated strategies) of self-management, self-help, or self-care in included texts. This scoping review provides clarity on the similarities and differences between how these concepts are discussed, and the strategies which are associated with each of these concepts in the relevant literature. Implications for policy and intervention development for adolescents' self-management, self-help, and self-care of their mental health are discussed. There is considerable overlap in both the ways in which these concepts are described, and the strategies or approaches proposed in relation to them, supporting previous research suggesting these strategies should be grouped under a single term, such as "self or community approaches." More research is needed for self-management, self-help, and self-care amongst marginalized groups as these adolescents may have the highest unmet need for mental health support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Town
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Daniel Hayes
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna March
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emily Stapley
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud Centre and University College London, London, UK
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3
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Freitas C, Fernández-Company JF, Pita MF, García-Rodríguez M. Music therapy for adolescents with psychiatric disorders: An overview. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 27:895-910. [PMID: 35196161 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221079161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is true that adolescence is a stage of evolutionary development in which there are innumerable windows of opportunity, it is also the peak age at which some psychiatric disorders may appear. On the other hand, music is an auditory stimulus that interests and motivates youngsters, as it is used for identity, social connection, and emotional regulation. METHODS We conducted a strategic search by consulting scientific databases. The following search terms were employed: Music Therapy AND Psychology AND Psychiatry AND Adolescents. The following international electronic databases were searched: Medline, Ovid, and Cochrane Library. RESULTS A total of 142 sources were identified from which 9 papers on music therapy published exclusively in scientific journals specialized in psychology or child psychiatry were selected. The total number of participants was 651. The studies reported that music therapy interventions have the potential to improve self-esteem, social engagement, decrease social isolation, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in psychiatric adolescents (both in inpatient and outpatient settings). CONCLUSION Given the heterogeneity and methodological quality of the few studies included, it is complex to extrapolate and generalize results. More quality research is needed to expand music therapy interventions on youth mental health.
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4
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Morgan AJ, Ross AM, Yap MBH, Reavley NJ, Parker A, Simmons MB, Scanlan F, Jorm AF. What works for mental health problems in youth? Survey of real-world experiences of treatments and side effects. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:1502-1512. [PMID: 33260268 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Despite youth being the most common age group for onset of mental disorders, there is less knowledge on the benefits and harms of treatments in young people. In addition, efficacy data from randomized controlled trials may not generalize to how treatment works outside of research settings. This study aimed to investigate young people's perceived effectiveness of different treatments for mental health problems, the professionals who delivered these, and the experience of negative effects. METHODS We developed a consumer report website where young people who were ever diagnosed with a mental disorder provided ratings on the helpfulness or harmfulness of different types of professionals, mental health treatments (medical, psychological complementary/alternative) and self-help strategies, and whether they had experienced particular negative effects. RESULTS Here, 557 young people aged 12-25 years, who were recruited from English-speaking, high-income countries, provided 1258 ratings of treatments. All treatments showed varied perceptions of effectiveness. Medical and psychological treatments were rated moderately helpful on average with low rates of harmfulness. Self-help strategies were rated as being as helpful as professional treatments. Side effects related to the head or mind (e.g., concentration difficulties, inability to feel emotions, depression and irritability) were the most common across all types of medicines. For psychological treatments, treatment being too expensive and feeling worse at the end of a session were the most commonly reported negative effects. CONCLUSIONS Study findings may be a useful guide to clinicians, researchers, young people and their families about what is likely to work in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Morgan
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna M Ross
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Marie B H Yap
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Nicola J Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Alexandra Parker
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Magenta B Simmons
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Faye Scanlan
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,headspace, The National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony F Jorm
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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5
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Beneficial Effects of Plant Extracts and Bioactive Food Components in Childhood Supplementation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093157. [PMID: 34579034 PMCID: PMC8464764 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pivotal role of childhood nutrition has always roused a growing interest from the scientific community. Plant extracts and bioactive dietary components play a significant role in the maintenance of human health and wellness, with the potential to modulate risk factors and manage symptoms for a large number of common childhood disorders such as memory impairment, respiratory illnesses, gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic derangements, and pathologies related to the oral cavity. This review is designed to highlight the health benefits of botanical extracts and bioactive dietary components in children as evidenced by clinical trials, considering their safety with regards to childhood sensibilities. The supplementation of children with the herbal extracts or bioactive components mentioned in this review leads to the conclusion that they are useful for treating various ailments, with no serious adverse events being reported. However, for the limited number of investigations specifically focused on the safety of such products in children, time is needed to expand the literature data covering the safety of childhood supplementation with botanical extract and bioactive food components.
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6
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Thomas JJ, Albietz J, Polaner D. Virtual reality for lumbar puncture in a morbidly obese patient with leukemia. Paediatr Anaesth 2018; 28:1059-1060. [PMID: 30284748 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Virtual reality is an immersive technology that can provide distraction and anxiolysis during painful procedures. While it has been shown to be effective in less invasive procedures, it is underutilized in more invasive procedures. We describe using virtual reality for a morbidly obese patient with leukemia undergoing lumbar puncture. The use of virtual reality reduced the amount of analgesics and anxiolytics and the procedure and recovery times compared with no virtual reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Thomas
- Section of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Joseph Albietz
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David Polaner
- Section of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Rafihi-Ferreira RE, Silvares EFM, Asbahr FR, Ollendick TH. Brief treatment for nighttime fears and co-sleeping problems: A randomized clinical trial. J Anxiety Disord 2018; 58:51-60. [PMID: 30053634 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-eight 4-6 year old children who co-slept with their parents and who avoided sleeping alone due to intense nighttime fears were randomized to a brief combined parent-based intervention (CBT-based bibliotherapy plus doll) or a wait list control group. After the waiting period, the wait list participants were offered treatment. Co-sleeping patterns, sleep records, anxiety, general fears, and behavior problems were assessed with parent-report measures. Nighttime fears were assessed with parent-report measures and a single item visual analogue scale for the young children. Assessments were completed pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 3 months following treatment. Results showed that the combined intervention was superior to the wait list control condition and that treatment effects were maintained at 3-month follow-up. This study provides initial support for use of CBT-based bibliotherapy plus doll in the treatment of nighttime fears. Such a treatment might be used to supplement standard CBT approaches in routine clinical practice or in a stepped care approach to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renatha El Rafihi-Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Universidade de São Paulo, 1721 Professor Mello de Moraes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 05508030, Brazil.
| | - Edwiges F M Silvares
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Universidade de São Paulo, 1721 Professor Mello de Moraes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 05508030, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Asbahr
- Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, 785 Doutor Ovidio Pires de Campos Street, São Paulo, SP, 05468-010, Brazil
| | - Thomas H Ollendick
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States.
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8
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Music-based interventions to reduce internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:647-656. [PMID: 28889050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing systematic reviews provide evidence that music therapy is an effective intervention in the treatment of children and adolescents with psychopathology. The objective of the present review was to systematically review and quantify the effects of music-based interventions in reducing internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety) in children and adolescents using a meta-analytical approach. METHODS Databases and journals were systematically screened for studies eligible for inclusion in meta-analysis on the effects of music-based interventions in reducing internalizing symptoms. A random-effect meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMD) was conducted. RESULTS Five studies were included. Analysis of data from (randomized) controlled trials, yielded a significant main effect (Hedge's g = -0.73; 95%CI [-1.42;-0.04], Z = 2.08, p = 0.04, k = 5), indicating a greater reduction of internalizing symptoms in youth receiving music-based interventions (n = 100) compared to different control group interventions (n = 95). LIMITATIONS The existing evidence is limited to studies of low power and methodological quality. Included studies were highly heterogeneous with respect to the nature of the intervention, the measurements applied, the samples studied, and the study design. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that music-based interventions may be efficient in reducing the severity of internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents. While these results are encouraging with respect to the application of music-based intervention, rigorous research is necessary to replicate existing findings and provide a broader base of evidence. More research adopting well controlled study designs of high methodological quality is needed.
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9
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Liem A, Newcombe PA. Indonesian provisional clinical psychologists' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours towards complementary-alternative medicine (CAM). Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 28:204-211. [PMID: 28779931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sixty provisional clinical psychologists in Indonesia were emailed to seek their participation in an online-questionnaire that reflected: CAM knowledge, attitudes CAM, and CAM behaviours. Of the 60 participants approached, 44 with majority of female (95%) completed the questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 25 years. Overall, participants reported low knowledge of CAM and attitudes towards CAM were positive. While 73% reported having recommended CAM to their clients, only 39% had ever made referral. Most of the participants (98%) had used CAM personally but just over half (59%) had ever used it in clinical practice. It was found that knowledge and attitudes towards CAM did not predict CAM recommendation, personal use, nor professional use among the participants. However, CAM knowledge was found to predict CAM referrals. It is assumed that positive attitudes towards CAM integration among participants has been conflicted with their concern for CAM safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrian Liem
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Australia.
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10
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Rees CS, Anderson RA, Kane RT, Finlay-Jones AL. Online Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment: Preliminary Results of the "OCD? Not Me!" Self-Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Young People. JMIR Ment Health 2016; 3:e29. [PMID: 27381977 PMCID: PMC4951631 DOI: 10.2196/mental.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development and evaluation of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) interventions provides a potential solution for current limitations in the acceptability, availability, and accessibility of mental health care for young people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Preliminary results support the effectiveness of therapist-assisted iCBT for young people with OCD; however, no previous studies have examined the effectiveness of completely self-guided iCBT for OCD in young people. OBJECTIVE We aimed to conduct a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of the OCD? Not Me! program for reducing OCD-related psychopathology in young people (12-18 years). This program is an eight-stage, completely self-guided iCBT treatment for OCD, which is based on exposure and response prevention. METHODS These data were early and preliminary results of a longer study in which an open trial design is being used to evaluate the effectiveness of the OCD? Not Me! PROGRAM Participants were required to have at least subclinical levels of OCD to be offered the online program. Participants with moderate-high suicide/self-harm risk or symptoms of eating disorder or psychosis were not offered the program. OCD symptoms and severity were measured at pre- and posttest, and at the beginning of each stage of the program. Data was analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS A total of 334 people were screened for inclusion in the study, with 132 participants aged 12 to 18 years providing data for the final analysis. Participants showed significant reductions in OCD symptoms (P<.001) and severity (P<.001) between pre- and posttest. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results suggest that fully automated iCBT holds promise as a way of increasing access to treatment for young people with OCD; however, further research needs to be conducted to replicate the results and to determine the feasibility of the program. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12613000152729; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=363654 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/ 6iD7EDFqH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Samantha Rees
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
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11
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Lewis KM, Amatya K, Coffman MF, Ollendick TH. Treating nighttime fears in young children with bibliotherapy: evaluating anxiety symptoms and monitoring behavior change. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 30:103-12. [PMID: 25638438 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children's nighttime fears are a normal part of child development and are transient for most children, but result in considerable distress for others. The present study evaluated a 4-week bibliotherapy intervention designed to treat young children with persistent and interfering nighttime fears utilizing a multiple baseline design. METHOD Nine children between 5 and 7 years of age with specific phobia diagnoses were randomized into one of three baseline control conditions (1, 2, or 3 weeks). The treatment protocol involved parents reading Uncle Lightfoot, Flip that Switch: Overcoming Fear of the Dark, Academic Version (Coffman, 2012) with their children over 4 weeks while engaging in activities prescribed in the book. Assessments took place at baseline, post treatment, and 1 month following treatment. Daily and weekly tracking of nighttime behaviors was also obtained. RESULTS Pre-post group analyses revealed that eight of the nine children demonstrated clinically significant change in anxiety severity. In addition, decreases in child-reported nighttime fears were observed, as were parent-reported decreases in separation anxiety and increases in the number of nights children slept in their own bed. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides initial support for the use of bibliotherapy in the treatment of nighttime fears. Further replication and evaluation are needed to determine appropriate length of treatment and long-term effects. Implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystal M Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W. Roosevelt Rd., Chicago, IL 60608, United States.
| | - Kaushalendra Amatya
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
| | - Mary F Coffman
- Independent Practice, West Union, SC 29696, United States
| | - Thomas H Ollendick
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 460 Turner St. Suite 207, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
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12
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Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Allgulander C, Bandelow B, den Boer JA, Christmas DM, Davies S, Fineberg N, Lidbetter N, Malizia A, McCrone P, Nabarro D, O'Neill C, Scott J, van der Wee N, Wittchen HU. Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2014; 28:403-39. [PMID: 24713617 DOI: 10.1177/0269881114525674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This revision of the 2005 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines for the evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders provides an update on key steps in diagnosis and clinical management, including recognition, acute treatment, longer-term treatment, combination treatment, and further approaches for patients who have not responded to first-line interventions. A consensus meeting involving international experts in anxiety disorders reviewed the main subject areas and considered the strength of supporting evidence and its clinical implications. The guidelines are based on available evidence, were constructed after extensive feedback from participants, and are presented as recommendations to aid clinical decision-making in primary, secondary and tertiary medical care. They may also serve as a source of information for patients, their carers, and medicines management and formulary committees.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Baldwin
- 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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13
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Volpe U, Torre F, De Santis V, Perris F, Catapano F. Reading group rehabilitation for patients with psychosis: a randomized controlled study. Clin Psychol Psychother 2013; 22:15-21. [PMID: 24038574 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Group reading activities are often reported to be helpful in a variety of psychiatric conditions. However, data on the effects of structured reading rehabilitation activities, in both hospital and community settings for patients with psychosis, are still scarce. Our aim was to investigate the effects on clinical status, disability, psychosocial functioning and cognitive functioning of a structured group reading activity, in a sample of hospitalized patients with psychosis. METHODS We enrolled 41 consecutive patients with psychosis and randomly assigned them to a structured group reading programme. For all included patients, we psychometrically evaluated clinical symptomatology, psychosocial functioning and disability, as well as cognitive functioning. All evaluations were repeated at a 6-month follow-up. Repeated-measure multiple analyses of variance were used to test the effect of the group reading activities on the clinical, psychosocial and cognitive measures. RESULTS We found that, after 6 months from discharge, structured group reading activities induced a statistically significant improvement of cognitive (p < 0.007) and psychosocial (p < 0.008) functioning in patients with psychosis and reduced their disability (p < 0.005), with respect to the control group. Furthermore, such programmes are easy to implement and were perceived as extremely 'interesting' and 'useful' by patients with psychosis. CONCLUSIONS Rehabilitation programmes focusing on group reading activities should be regarded as a valid psychosocial rehabilitation tool for psychotic patients with severe mental disability. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE A structured group reading programme induced a significant symptomatological cognitive and psychosocial amelioration in hospitalized patients with psychosis. The improvement was sustained also at the 6-month follow-up, with respect to the control group. Structured group reading activities are perceived, by severely ill psychiatric patients, as highly useful, interesting and pleasant, while they are relatively easy to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Volpe
- Department of Mental Health, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Preference behaviors are often established during early life, but the underlying neural circuit mechanisms remain unknown. Adapting a unique nesting behavior assay, we confirmed a "critical period" for developing music preference in C57BL/6 mice. Early music exposure between postnatal days 15 and 24 reversed their innate bias for silent shelter, which typically could not be altered in adulthood. Instead, exposing adult mice treated acutely with valproic acid or carrying a targeted deletion of the Nogo receptor (NgR(-/-)) unmasked a strong plasticity of preference consistent with a reopening of the critical period as seen in other systems. Imaging of cFos expression revealed a prominent neuronal activation in response to the exposed music in the prelimbic and infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex only under conditions of open plasticity. Neither behavioral changes nor selective medial prefrontal cortex activation was observed in response to pure tone exposure, indicating a music-specific effect. Open-field center crossings were increased concomitant with shifts in music preference, suggesting a potential anxiolytic effect. Thus, music may offer both a unique window into the emotional state of mice and a potentially efficient assay for molecular "brakes" on critical period plasticity common to sensory and higher order brain areas.
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The Use of Dance in the Rehabilitation of a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DANCE THERAPY 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10465-010-9087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Dufresne A, Dugas MA, Samson Y, Barré P, Turcot L, Marc I. Do Children Undergoing Cancer Procedures under Pharmacological Sedation Still Report Pain and Anxiety? A Preliminary Study. PAIN MEDICINE 2010; 11:215-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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