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Ananthamohan K, Stelzer JE, Sadayappan S. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in MYBPC3 carriers in aging. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:9. [PMID: 38406555 PMCID: PMC10883298 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the myocardium, leading to arrhythmias, heart failure, and elevated risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly among the young. This inherited disease is predominantly caused by mutations in sarcomeric genes, among which those in the cardiac myosin binding protein-C3 (MYBPC3) gene are major contributors. HCM associated with MYBPC3 mutations usually presents in the elderly and ranges from asymptomatic to symptomatic forms, affecting numerous cardiac functions and presenting significant health risks with a spectrum of clinical manifestations. Regulation of MYBPC3 expression involves various transcriptional and translational mechanisms, yet the destiny of mutant MYBPC3 mRNA and protein in late-onset HCM remains unclear. Pathogenesis related to MYBPC3 mutations includes nonsense-mediated decay, alternative splicing, and ubiquitin-proteasome system events, leading to allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency. Aging further exacerbates the severity of HCM in carriers of MYBPC3 mutations. Advancements in high-throughput omics techniques have identified crucial molecular events and regulatory disruptions in cardiomyocytes expressing MYBPC3 variants. This review assesses the pathogenic mechanisms that promote late-onset HCM through the lens of transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modulation of MYBPC3, underscoring its significance in HCM across carriers. The review also evaluates the influence of aging on these processes and MYBPC3 levels during HCM pathogenesis in the elderly. While pinpointing targets for novel medical interventions to conserve cardiac function remains challenging, the emergence of personalized omics offers promising avenues for future HCM treatments, particularly for late-onset cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Ananthamohan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Julian E. Stelzer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 45267, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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2
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Wang XQ, Yuan F, Yu BR. Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Mutational Signature of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4617-4628. [PMID: 37850193 PMCID: PMC10577257 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s422598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an extremely insidious and lethal disease caused by genetic variation. It has been studied for nearly 70 years since its discovery, but its cause of the disease remains a mystery. This study is aimed to explore the genetic pathogenesis of HCM in order to provide new insight for the diagnosis and treatment of HCM. Methods Patients with HCM at 4 hospitals from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, were collected. Peripheral blood of these patients was collected for whole exome sequencing. Moreover, data on the HCM transcriptome were analyzed in the GEO database. Results Totally, 14 patients were enrolled, and 6 single-nucleotide variation (SNV) mutant genes represented by MUC12 were observed. Most of the gene mutations in HCM patients were synonymous and non-synonymous, and the types of base mutations were mainly C > T and G > A. Copy number variants (CNVs) predominantly occurred on chromosome 1 in HCM patients. Furthermore, we found that the only ATP2A2 gene was differentially expressed in 3 groups of transcriptome data in GEO database, and the presence of ATP2A2 mutation in 10 samples was observed in this study. Conclusion In summary, 7 mutated genes represented by MUC12 and ATP2A2 were found in this study, which may provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanism of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Qin Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yuhua Yunfang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Clinic, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao-Rui Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Koshy L, Ganapathi S, Jeemon P, Madhuma M, Vysakh Y, Lakshmikanth L, Harikrishnan S. Sarcomeric gene variants among Indians with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A scoping review. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:119-135. [PMID: 37787257 PMCID: PMC10645028 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3567_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic heart muscle disease that frequently causes sudden cardiac death (SCD) among young adults. Several pathogenic mutations in genes encoding the cardiac sarcomere have been identified as diagnostic factors for HCM and proposed as prognostic markers for SCD. The objective of this review was to determine the scope of available literature on the variants encoding sarcomere proteins associated with SCD reported among Indian patients with HCM. The eligibility criteria for the scoping review included full text articles that reported the results of genetic screening for sarcomeric gene mutations in HCM patients of Indian south Asian ancestry. We systematically reviewed studies from the databases of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science core collection and Google Scholar. The electronic search strategy included a combination of generic terms related to genetics, disease and population. The protocol of the study was registered with Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/53gde/). A total of 19 articles were identified that reported pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants within MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3 and TPM1 genes, that included 16 singletons, one de novo and one digenic mutation (MYH7/ TPM1) associated with SCD among Indian patients. Evidence from functional studies and familial segregation implied a plausible mechanistic role of these P/LP variants in HCM pathology. This scoping review has compiled all the P/LP variants reported to-date among Indian patients and summarized their association with SCD. Single homozygous, de novo and digenic mutations were observed to be associated with severe phenotypes compared to single heterozygous mutations. The abstracted genetic information was updated with reference sequence ID (rsIDs) and compiled into freely accessible HCMvar database, available at https://hcmvar.heartfailure.org.in/. This can be used as a population specific genetic database for reference by clinicians and researchers involved in the identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Koshy
- Centre for Advance Research & Excellence in Heart Failure, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjay Ganapathi
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Panniyammakal Jeemon
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - M. Madhuma
- Centre for Advance Research & Excellence in Heart Failure, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Y. Vysakh
- Centre for Advance Research & Excellence in Heart Failure, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - L.R. Lakshmikanth
- Centre for Advance Research & Excellence in Heart Failure, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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4
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Alhajri N, Rustom M, Adegbile A, Ahmed W, Kilidar S, Afify N. Deciphering the Basis of Molecular Biology of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases: A View on Network Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911421. [PMID: 36232723 PMCID: PMC9569471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death across the world. For decades, researchers have been studying the causes of cardiovascular disease, yet many of them remain undiscovered or poorly understood. Network medicine is a recently expanding, integrative field that attempts to elucidate this issue by conceiving of disease as the result of disruptive links between multiple interconnected biological components. Still in its nascent stages, this revolutionary application of network science facilitated a number of important discoveries in complex disease mechanisms. As methodologies become more advanced, network medicine harbors the potential to expound on the molecular and genetic complexities of disease to differentiate how these intricacies govern disease manifestations, prognosis, and therapy. This is of paramount importance for confronting the incredible challenges of current and future cardiovascular disease research. In this review, we summarize the principal molecular and genetic mechanisms of common cardiac pathophysiologies as well as discuss the existing knowledge on therapeutic strategies to prevent, halt, or reverse these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Alhajri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112412, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Rustom
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adedayo Adegbile
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Weshah Ahmed
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salsabeel Kilidar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City SSMC, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nariman Afify
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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5
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Bang ML, Bogomolovas J, Chen J. Understanding the molecular basis of cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H181-H233. [PMID: 34797172 PMCID: PMC8759964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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6
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Oldt RF, Bussey KJ, Settles ML, Fass JN, Roberts JA, Reader JR, Komandoor S, Abrich VA, Kanthaswamy S. MYBPC3 Haplotype Linked to Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Rhesus Macaques ( Macaca mulatta). Comp Med 2020; 70:358-367. [PMID: 32753092 PMCID: PMC7574221 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In humans, abnormal thickening of the left ventricle of the heart clinically defines hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a common inherited cardiovascular disorder that can precede a sudden cardiac death event. The wide range of clinical presentations in HCM obscures genetic variants that may influence an individual's susceptibility to sudden cardiac death. Although exon sequencing of major sarcomere genes can be used to detect high-impact causal mutations, this strategy is successful in only half of patient cases. The incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in a managed research colony of rhesus macaques provides an excellent comparative model in which to explore the genomic etiology of severe HCM and sudden cardiac death. Because no rhesus HCM-associated mutations have been reported, we used a next-generation genotyping assay that targets 7 sarcomeric rhesus genes within 63 genomic sites that are orthologous to human genomic regions known to harbor HCM disease variants. Amplicon sequencing was performed on 52 macaques with confirmed LVH and 42 unrelated, unaffected animals representing both the Indian and Chinese rhesus macaque subspecies. Bias-reduced logistic regression uncovered a risk haplotype in the rhesus MYBPC3 gene, which is frequently disrupted in both human and feline HCM; this haplotype implicates an intronic variant strongly associated with disease in either homozygous or carrier form. Our results highlight that leveraging evolutionary genomic data provides a unique, practical strategy for minimizing population bias in complex disease studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Oldt
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona; Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona;,
| | - Kimberly J Bussey
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona; BEYOND Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona
| | - Matthew L Settles
- Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Joseph N Fass
- Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jeffrey A Roberts
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - J Rachel Reader
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - Victor A Abrich
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Sreetharan Kanthaswamy
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona; Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University at the West Campus, Glendale, Arizona; California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California
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7
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Yang J, Shibu MA, Kong L, Luo J, BadrealamKhan F, Huang Y, Tu ZC, Yun CH, Huang CY, Ding K, Lu X. Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationships of 1,2,3-Triazole Benzenesulfonamides as New Selective Leucine-Zipper and Sterile-α Motif Kinase (ZAK) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2114-2130. [PMID: 31244114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ZAK is a new promising target for discovery of drugs with activity against antihypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A series of 1,2,3-triazole benzenesulfonamides were designed and synthesized as selective ZAK inhibitors. One of these compounds, 6p binds tightly to ZAK protein (Kd = 8.0 nM) and potently suppresses the kinase function of ZAK with single-digit nM (IC50 = 4.0 nM) and exhibits excellent selectivity in a KINOMEscan screening platform against a panel of 403 wild-type kinases. This compound dose dependently blocks p38/GATA-4 and JNK/c-Jun signaling and demonstrates promising in vivo anti-HCM efficacy upon oral administration in a spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) model. Compound 6p may serve as a lead compound for new anti-HCM drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhang Yang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | | | - Lulu Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Systems Biomedicine and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinfeng Luo
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Farheen BadrealamKhan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yanhui Huang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zheng-Chao Tu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Cai-Hong Yun
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Systems Biomedicine and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
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8
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Ishii S, Suzuki M, Ishiwata S, Kawai M. Functional significance of HCM mutants of tropomyosin, V95A and D175N, studied with in vitro motility assays. Biophys Physicobiol 2019; 16:28-40. [PMID: 30923661 PMCID: PMC6435021 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.16.0_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in sarcomere proteins. We examined tropomyosin (Tpm)’s HCM mutants in humans, V95A and D175N, with in vitro motility assay using optical tweezers to evaluate the effects of the Tpm mutations on the actomyosin interaction at the single molecular level. Thin filaments were reconstituted using these Tpm mutants, and their sliding velocity and force were measured at varying Ca2+ concentrations. Our results indicate that the sliding velocity at pCa ≥8.0 was significantly increased in mutants, which is expected to cause a diastolic problem. The velocity that can be activated by Ca2+ decreased significantly in mutants causing a systolic problem. With sliding force, Ca2+ activatable force decreased in V95A and increased in D175N, which may cause a systolic problem. Our results further demonstrate that the duty ratio determined at the steady state of force generation in saturating [Ca2+] decreased in V95A and increased in D175N. The Ca2+ sensitivity and cooperativity were not significantly affected by the mutations. These results suggest that the two mutants modulate molecular processes of the actomyosin interaction differently, but to result in the same pathology known as HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Ishii
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Madoka Suzuki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Ishiwata
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Kawai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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9
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Müller D, Hagenah D, Biswanath S, Coffee M, Kampmann A, Zweigerdt R, Heisterkamp A, Kalies SMK. Femtosecond laser-based nanosurgery reveals the endogenous regeneration of single Z-discs including physiological consequences for cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3625. [PMID: 30842507 PMCID: PMC6403391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly organized cytoskeleton architecture is the basis for continuous and controlled contraction in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Abnormalities in cytoskeletal elements, like the Z-disc, are linked to several diseases. It is challenging to reveal the mechanisms of CM failure, endogenous repair, or mechanical homeostasis on the scale of single cytoskeletal elements. Here, we used a femtosecond (fs) laser to ablate single Z-discs in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) -derived CMs (hPSC-CM) and neonatal rat CMs. We show, that CM viability was unaffected by the loss of a single Z-disc. Furthermore, more than 40% of neonatal rat and 68% of hPSC-CMs recovered the Z-disc loss within 24 h. Significant differences to control cells, after the Z-disc loss, in terms of cell perimeter, x- and y-expansion and calcium homeostasis were not found. Only 14 days in vitro old hPSC-CMs reacted with a significant decrease in cell area, x- and y-expansion 24 h past nanosurgery. This demonstrates that CMs can compensate the loss of a single Z-disc and recover a regular sarcomeric pattern during spontaneous contraction. It also highlights the significant potential of fs laser-based nanosurgery to physically micro manipulate CMs to investigate cytoskeletal functions and organization of single elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Müller
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany.
| | - Dorian Hagenah
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Santoshi Biswanath
- REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical, School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michelle Coffee
- REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical, School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kampmann
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany.,Clinic for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical, School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan M K Kalies
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH-Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
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10
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Ramachandra CJ, Mai Ja KPM, Lin YH, Shim W, Boisvert WA, Hausenloy DJ. INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS FOR MODELLING ENERGETIC ALTERATIONS IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. CONDITIONING MEDICINE 2019; 2:142-151. [PMID: 32457935 PMCID: PMC7250397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most commonly inherited cardiac disorders that manifests with increased ventricular wall thickening, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, disarrayed myofibers and interstitial fibrosis. The major pathophysiological features include, diastolic dysfunction, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and cardiac arrhythmias. Mutations in genes that encode mostly for sarcomeric proteins have been associated with HCM but, despite the abundant research conducted to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, it remains unclear as to how a primary defect in the sarcomere could lead to secondary phenotypes such as cellular hypertrophy. Mounting evidence suggests energy deficiency could be an important contributor of disease pathogenesis as well. Various animal models of HCM have been generated for gaining deeper insight into disease pathogenesis, however species variation between animals and humans, as well as the limited availability of human myocardial samples, has encouraged researchers to seek alternative 'humanized' models. Using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), human cardiomyocytes (CMs) have been generated from patients with HCM for investigating disease mechanisms. While these HCM-iPSC models demonstrate most of the phenotypic traits, it is important to ascertain if they recapitulate all pathophysiological features, especially that of energy deficiency. In this review we discuss the currently established HCM-iPSC models with emphasis on altered energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrishan J.A. Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - K P Myu Mai Ja
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying-Hsi Lin
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Winston Shim
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
| | - William A. Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, USA
| | - Derek J. Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Research & Development, London, UK
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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11
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Ma N, Zhang J, Itzhaki I, Zhang SL, Chen H, Haddad F, Kitani T, Wilson KD, Tian L, Shrestha R, Wu H, Lam CK, Sayed N, Wu JC. Determining the Pathogenicity of a Genomic Variant of Uncertain Significance Using CRISPR/Cas9 and Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Circulation 2018; 138:2666-2681. [PMID: 29914921 PMCID: PMC6298866 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.032273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression toward low-cost and rapid next-generation sequencing has uncovered a multitude of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in both patients and asymptomatic "healthy" individuals. A VUS is a rare or novel variant for which disease pathogenicity has not been conclusively demonstrated or excluded, and thus cannot be definitively annotated. VUS, therefore, pose critical clinical interpretation and risk-assessment challenges, and new methods are urgently needed to better characterize their pathogenicity. METHODS To address this challenge and showcase the uncertainty surrounding genomic variant interpretation, we recruited a "healthy" asymptomatic individual, lacking cardiac-disease clinical history, carrying a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)-associated genetic variant (NM_000258.2:c.170C>A, NP_000249.1:p.Ala57Asp) in the sarcomeric gene MYL3, reported by the ClinVar database to be "likely pathogenic." Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were derived from the heterozygous VUS MYL3(170C>A) carrier, and their genome was edited using CRISPR/Cas9 to generate 4 isogenic iPSC lines: (1) corrected "healthy" control; (2) homozygous VUS MYL3(170C>A); (3) heterozygous frameshift mutation MYL3(170C>A/fs); and (4) known heterozygous MYL3 pathogenic mutation (NM_000258.2:c.170C>G), at the same nucleotide position as VUS MYL3(170C>A), lines. Extensive assays including measurements of gene expression, sarcomere structure, cell size, contractility, action potentials, and calcium handling were performed on the isogenic iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). RESULTS The heterozygous VUS MYL3(170C>A)-iPSC-CMs did not show an HCM phenotype at the gene expression, morphology, or functional levels. Furthermore, genome-edited homozygous VUS MYL3(170C>A)- and frameshift mutation MYL3(170C>A/fs)-iPSC-CMs lines were also asymptomatic, supporting a benign assessment for this particular MYL3 variant. Further assessment of the pathogenic nature of a genome-edited isogenic line carrying a known pathogenic MYL3 mutation, MYL3(170C>G), and a carrier-specific iPSC-CMs line, carrying a MYBPC3(961G>A) HCM variant, demonstrated the ability of this combined platform to provide both pathogenic and benign assessments. CONCLUSIONS Our study illustrates the ability of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 genome-editing of carrier-specific iPSCs to elucidate both benign and pathogenic HCM functional phenotypes in a carrier-specific manner in a dish. As such, this platform represents a promising VUS risk-assessment tool that can be used for assessing HCM-associated VUS specifically, and VUS in general, and thus significantly contribute to the arsenal of precision medicine tools available in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joe Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ilanit Itzhaki
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sophia L. Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Haodong Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francois Haddad
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tomoya Kitani
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kitchener D. Wilson
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rajani Shrestha
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Haodi Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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12
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Actin-Myosin Interaction: Structure, Function and Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092628. [PMID: 30189615 PMCID: PMC6163256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin-myosin interactions play crucial roles in the generation of cellular force and movement. The molecular mechanism involves structural transitions at the interface between actin and myosin’s catalytic domain, and within myosin’s light chain domain, which contains binding sites for essential (ELC) and regulatory light chains (RLC). High-resolution crystal structures of isolated actin and myosin, along with cryo-electron micrographs of actin-myosin complexes, have been used to construct detailed structural models for actin-myosin interactions. However, these methods are limited by disorder, particularly within the light chain domain, and they do not capture the dynamics within this complex under physiological conditions in solution. Here we highlight the contributions of site-directed fluorescent probes and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) in understanding the structural dynamics of the actin-myosin complex in solution. A donor fluorescent probe on actin and an acceptor fluorescent probe on myosin, together with high performance TR-FRET, directly resolves structural states in the bound actin-myosin complex during its interaction with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Results from these studies have profound implications for understanding the contractile function of actomyosin and establish the feasibility for the discovery of allosteric modulators of the actin-myosin interaction, with the ultimate goal of developing therapies for muscle disorders.
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13
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Montag J, Petersen B, Flögel AK, Becker E, Lucas-Hahn A, Cost GJ, Mühlfeld C, Kraft T, Niemann H, Brenner B. Successful knock-in of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-mutation R723G into the MYH7 gene mimics HCM pathology in pigs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4786. [PMID: 29555974 PMCID: PMC5859159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease. About 30% of the patients are heterozygous for mutations in the MYH7 gene encoding the ß-myosin heavy chain (MyHC). Hallmarks of HCM are cardiomyocyte disarray and hypertrophy of the left ventricle, the symptoms range from slight arrhythmias to sudden cardiac death or heart failure. To gain insight into the underlying mechanisms of the diseases' etiology we aimed to generate genome edited pigs with an HCM-mutation. We used TALEN-mediated genome editing and successfully introduced the HCM-point mutation R723G into the MYH7 gene of porcine fibroblasts and subsequently cloned pigs that were heterozygous for the HCM-mutation R723G. No off-target effects were determined in the R723G-pigs. Surprisingly, the animals died within 24 h post partem, probably due to heart failure as indicated by a shift in the a/ß-MyHC ratio in the left ventricle. Most interestingly, the neonatal pigs displayed features of HCM, including mild myocyte disarray, malformed nuclei, and MYH7-overexpression. The finding of HCM-specific pathology in neonatal R723G-piglets suggests a very early onset of the disease and highlights the importance of novel large animal models for studying causative mechanisms and long-term progression of human cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Montag
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - B Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Hoeltystrasse 10, Mariensee, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.,REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - A K Flögel
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Becker
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Lucas-Hahn
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Hoeltystrasse 10, Mariensee, 31535, Neustadt, Germany
| | - G J Cost
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 501 Canal Boulevard, CA, 94804, Richmond, USA.,Casebia Therapeutics, 455 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - C Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - T Kraft
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Hoeltystrasse 10, Mariensee, 31535, Neustadt, Germany.,REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - B Brenner
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
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14
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Gyöngyösi M, Winkler J, Ramos I, Do QT, Firat H, McDonald K, González A, Thum T, Díez J, Jaisser F, Pizard A, Zannad F. Myocardial fibrosis: biomedical research from bench to bedside. Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 19:177-191. [PMID: 28157267 PMCID: PMC5299507 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis refers to a variety of quantitative and qualitative changes in the interstitial myocardial collagen network that occur in response to cardiac ischaemic insults, systemic diseases, drugs, or any other harmful stimulus affecting the circulatory system or the heart itself. Myocardial fibrosis alters the architecture of the myocardium, facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction, also inducing arrhythmias, influencing the clinical course and outcome of heart failure patients. Focusing on myocardial fibrosis may potentially improve patient care through the targeted diagnosis and treatment of emerging fibrotic pathways. The European Commission funded the FIBROTARGETS consortium as a multinational academic and industrial consortium with the primary aim of performing a systematic and collaborative search of targets of myocardial fibrosis, and then translating these mechanisms into individualized diagnostic tools and specific therapeutic pharmacological options for heart failure. This review focuses on those methodological and technological aspects considered and developed by the consortium to facilitate the transfer of the new mechanistic knowledge on myocardial fibrosis into potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isbaal Ramos
- Innovative Technologies in Biological Systems SL (INNOPROT), Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Germany.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Frédéric Jaisser
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Pizard
- UMRS U1116 Inserm, CIC 1433, Pierre Drouin, CHU, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- UMRS U1116 Inserm, CIC 1433, Pierre Drouin, CHU, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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15
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Montag J, Syring M, Rose J, Weber AL, Ernstberger P, Mayer AK, Becker E, Keyser B, Dos Remedios C, Perrot A, van der Velden J, Francino A, Navarro-Lopez F, Ho CY, Brenner B, Kraft T. Intrinsic MYH7 expression regulation contributes to tissue level allelic imbalance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:291-302. [PMID: 29101517 PMCID: PMC5742120 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HCM, the most common inherited cardiac disease, is mainly caused by mutations in sarcomeric genes. More than a third of the patients are heterozygous for mutations in the MYH7 gene encoding for the β-myosin heavy chain. In HCM-patients, expression of the mutant and the wildtype allele can be unequal, thus leading to fractions of mutant and wildtype mRNA and protein which deviate from 1:1. This so-called allelic imbalance was detected in whole tissue samples but also in individual cells. There is evidence that the severity of HCM not only depends on the functional effect of the mutation itself, but also on the fraction of mutant protein in the myocardial tissue. Allelic imbalance has been shown to occur in a broad range of genes. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether the MYH7-alleles are intrinsically expressed imbalanced or whether the allelic imbalance is solely associated with the disease. We compared the expression of MYH7-alleles in non-HCM donors and in HCM-patients with different MYH7-missense mutations. In the HCM-patients, we identified imbalanced as well as equal expression of both alleles. Also at the protein level, allelic imbalance was determined. Most interestingly, we also discovered allelic imbalance and balance in non-HCM donors. Our findings therefore strongly indicate that apart from mutation-specific mechanisms, also non-HCM associated allelic-mRNA expression regulation may account for the allelic imbalance of the MYH7 gene in HCM-patients. Since the relative amount of mutant mRNA and protein or the extent of allelic imbalance has been associated with the severity of HCM, individual analysis of the MYH7-allelic expression may provide valuable information for the prognosis of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Montag
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
| | - Mandy Syring
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Julia Rose
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Pia Ernstberger
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Mayer
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Edgar Becker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Britta Keyser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Perrot
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-University Clinic Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Francino
- Hospital Clinic/IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Bernhard Brenner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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16
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Guhathakurta P, Prochniewicz E, Roopnarine O, Rohde JA, Thomas DD. A Cardiomyopathy Mutation in the Myosin Essential Light Chain Alters Actomyosin Structure. Biophys J 2017; 113:91-100. [PMID: 28700929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have used site-directed time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer to determine the effect of a pathological mutation in the human ventricular essential light chain (hVELC) of myosin, on the structural dynamics of the actin-myosin complex. The hVELC modulates the function of actomyosin, through the interaction of its N-terminal extension with actin and its C-terminal lobe with the myosin heavy chain. Several mutations in hVELC are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Some biochemical effects of these mutations are known, but further insight is needed about their effects on the structural dynamics of functioning actomyosin. Therefore, we introduced the HCM mutation E56G into a single-cysteine (C16) hVELC construct and substituted it for the VELC of bovine cardiac myosin subfragment 1. Using a donor fluorescent probe on actin (at C374) and an acceptor probe on C16 of hVELC, we performed time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer, directly detecting structural changes within the bound actomyosin complex during function. The E56G mutation has no significant effect on actin-activated ATPase activity or actomyosin affinity in the presence of ATP, or on the structure of the strong-binding S complex in the absence of ATP. However, in the presence of saturating ATP, where both W (prepowerstroke) and S (postpowerstroke) structural states are observed, the mutant increases the mole fraction of the S complex (increasing the duty ratio), while shifting the structure of the remaining W complex toward that of S, indicating a structural redistribution toward the strongly bound (force-generating) complex. We propose that this effect is responsible for the hypercontractile phenotype induced by this HCM mutation in myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Guhathakurta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ewa Prochniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Osha Roopnarine
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - John A Rohde
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David D Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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17
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Iyngkaran P, Thomas MC, Johnson R, French J, Ilton M, McDonald P, Hare DL, Fatkin D. Contextualizing Genetics for Regional Heart Failure Care. Curr Cardiol Rev 2016; 12:231-42. [PMID: 27280306 PMCID: PMC5011192 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x12666160606123103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic and often devastating cardiovascular disorder with no cure. There has been much advancement in the last two decades that has seen improvements in morbidity and mortality. Clinicians have also noted variations in the responses to therapies. More detailed observations also point to clusters of diseases, phenotypic groupings, unusual severity and the rates at which CHF occurs. Medical genetics is playing an increasingly important role in answering some of these observations. This developing field in many respects provides more information than is currently clinically applicable. This includes making sense of the established single gene mutations or uncommon private mutations. In this thematic series which discusses the many factors that could be relevant for CHF care, once established treatments are available in the communities; this section addresses a contextual role for medical genetics.
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18
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Yang C, Zhang C, Yuan J, Cui J, Liu S, Hu F, Yang W, Bi X, Qiao S. Sex-related differences in the associations between plasma free fatty acid levels and clinical features in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Biol Sex Differ 2016; 7:63. [PMID: 27924218 PMCID: PMC5123328 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-016-0118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have indicated that inefficient energy utilization may play a pivotal role in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, whether plasma free fatty acid (FFA), a main energy substrate of heart, has an effect on HCM remains unclear. Besides, several studies have suggested sex-related differences in HCM features and FFA metabolism. Here, we aimed to explore the association between plasma FFA levels and HCM and potential effects of sex on this relation. Methods A total of 412 patients (age 47.8 ± 12.7 years, 243 males (59.0%)) with HCM were recruited. Complete medical history was collected. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were performed. Fasting plasma FFA was determined by clinical laboratory. Left ventricular mass (LVM), maximum wall thickness (MWT), and left atrium diameter (LAD) were assessed with CMRI. Results The median FFA levels were 0.38 (interquartile range (IQR) 0.27–0.52) mmol/L in men and 0.40 (IQR 0.30–0.59) mmol/L in women. The FFA levels were significantly lower in men compared with those in women (p = 0.005). Compared with women, men had greater LVM index (LVMI) (96.8 ± 37.6 vs. 78.6 ± 31.5 g/m2, p < 0.001). FFA levels in male patients correlated positively with LVM, LVMI, LAD, cholesterol levels, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure (SBP). However, none of these variables were significantly associated with sqrt (FFA) in female patients except a borderline correlation of LAD (p = 0.050). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in male patients and revealed that HDL-C (β = 0.191, p = 0.002), heart rate (β = 0.182, p = 0.004), SBP (β = 0.167, p = 0.007), LVMI (β = 0.132, p = 0.032), and LAD (β = 0.165, p = 0.009) were independently associated with increasing FFA levels. Conclusions In patients with HCM, LVMI, LAD, HDL-C, SBP, and heart rate were independently associated with increasing plasma FFA levels in males, whereas not in females. These results suggest that sex may affect the pathogenesis of HCM through influencing FFA metabolism. And these sex-related differences should be taken into account in therapeutic approaches to influence myocardial FFA metabolism in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Changlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Jiansong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Jingang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Shengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Fenghuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Weixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Xuanye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Shubin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037 China
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19
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Zheng H, Huang H, Ji Z, Yang Q, Yu Q, Shen F, Liu C, Xiong F. A Double Heterozygous Mutation of TNNI3 Causes Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in a Han Chinese Family. Cardiology 2015; 133:91-6. [PMID: 26506446 DOI: 10.1159/000440877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the variations in the TNNI3 gene in a Chinese Han family affected by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and the potential molecular mechanism linking these mutations with disease. METHODS Peripheral venous blood was acquired from family members, and TNNI3 mutations were identified by DNA sequencing. The pathophysiology of TNNI3 mutations was investigated using bioinformatics, subcellular localization determination and Western blotting. RESULTS Sanger sequencing revealed that the proband possessed 2 heterozygous mutations, c.235C>T and c.470C>T, located at exons 4 and 6 of the TNNI3 gene. The proband (II-2) and her brother (II-1), who had been previously diagnosed with HCM, harbored both mutations whereas their healthy parents harbored only 1. Alignment of the TNNI3 amino acid sequence indicated that the two Pro residues were highly conserved across species. Subcellular localization showed that both wild-type (WT) and mutant TNNI3 proteins were localized at the cell nucleus. Western blot analysis of expression in human embryonic kidney 293T cells showed that the intracellular levels of the mutant proteins were significantly decreased compared to WT TNNI3 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that a double heterozygous mutation in the TNNI3 gene is involved in the pathogenesis of HCM via haploinsufficiency. These results will inspire further studies to investigating the link between the TNNI3 gene and HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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