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Rodrigues Lourenço Dias A, Serra AJ. High-Fat Diet and Heart: What is the Real Impact of Resistance Exercise Training? Arq Bras Cardiol 2024; 121:e20240091. [PMID: 38747881 PMCID: PMC11081092 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20240091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- André Rodrigues Lourenço Dias
- Universidade Federal de São PauloDisciplina de CardiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardíacaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Cardiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardíaca, São Paulo, SP – Brasil
| | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Universidade Federal de São PauloDisciplina de CardiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardíacaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Cardiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardíaca, São Paulo, SP – Brasil
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Portes AMO, Costa SFF, Leite LB, Lavorato VN, de Miranda DC, de Moura AG, Soares LL, Isoldi MC, Natali AJ. Resistance Exercise Training Mitigates Cardiac Remodeling Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review. Arq Bras Cardiol 2024; 121:e20230490. [PMID: 38695409 PMCID: PMC11098569 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and is a serious public health problem. In animal models, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding impairs cardiac structure and function and promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resistance exercise training (RT), however, has been recommended as coadjutant in the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, because it increases energy expenditure and stimulates lipolysis. OBJECTIVE In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the benefits of RT on the heart of rats and mice fed HFD. METHODS Original studies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases from December 2007 to December 2022. This study was conducted in accordance with the criteria established by PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). The risk of bias and methodological quality was evaluated by SYRCLE and CAMARADES, respectively. Eligible studies included original articles published in English that evaluated cardiac outcomes in rodents submitted to over 4 weeks of RT and controlled by a sedentary, HFD-fed control group (n = 5). RESULTS The results showed that RT mitigates cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It also modifies the activity of structural remodeling markers, although it does not alter biometric parameters, histomorphometric parameters, or the contractile function of cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that RT partially counteracts the HFD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling by increasing the activity of structural remodeling markers; elevating mitochondrial biogenesis; reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress; and improving hemodynamic, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martins Oliveira Portes
- Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG – Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto – Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG – Brasil
| | | | - Luciano Bernardes Leite
- Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG – Brasil
| | - Victor Neiva Lavorato
- Universidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto – Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG – Brasil
| | - Denise Coutinho de Miranda
- Universidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto – Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG – Brasil
| | - Anselmo Gomes de Moura
- Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG – Brasil
| | - Leôncio Lopes Soares
- Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG – Brasil
| | - Mauro César Isoldi
- Universidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto – Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG – Brasil
| | - Antônio José Natali
- Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG – Brasil
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Lim G, Lim Y. Effects of Whey Peptide Supplementation on Sarcopenic Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:4402. [PMID: 36297085 PMCID: PMC9611493 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of sarcopenic obesity gradually increased in parallel with the aged population. This research examined the effects of whey peptide (WP) supplementation with/without resistant exercise (RE) on sarcopenic obesity. Male 8-month-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (10 kcal% fat) or a high-fat diet (60 kcal% fat) for 8 weeks. High-fat diet-fed mice were randomly divided into four groups: obesity control group (OB), RE (RE only), WP (WP only), and WPE (RE and WP). WP supplementation (1500 mg/day/kg B.W.) gavage and RE (ladder climbing, five times weekly, 8−10 repetitions, 10−20% B.W. load) were conducted for an additional 8 weeks. Protein and mRNA levels of markers related to energy, protein, and lipid metabolism were analyzed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). WP supplementation regardless of RE significantly suppressed the increasing fat mass (p = 0.016) and decreasing lean mass (p = 0.014) and alleviated abnormal morphological changes in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue (p < 0.001). In adipose tissue, WP supplementation regardless of RE ameliorated dysregulated energy metabolism and contributed to the reduction in adipocyte differentiation (PPAR-γ (p = 0.017), C/EBPα (p = 0.034)). In skeletal muscle, WP supplementation regardless of RE alleviated energy metabolism dysregulation and resulted in down-regulated protein degradation (Atrogin-1 (p = 0.003), MuRF1 (p = 0.006)) and apoptosis (Bax) (p = 0.004). Taken together, the current study elucidated that WP supplementation regardless of RE has potential anti-obesity and anti-sarcopenic effects in sarcopenic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Lim G, Lee H, Lim Y. Potential Effects of Resistant Exercise on Cognitive and Muscle Functions Mediated by Myokines in Sarcopenic Obese Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102529. [PMID: 36289794 PMCID: PMC9599854 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been demonstrated that in sarcopenic obesity (SO), physical activity could improve cognitive functions. Moreover, previous studies suggested that muscle contraction could influence cognitive function via myokines. This study investigated the potential effects of resistant exercise on cognitive and muscle functions in SO. SO was induced by a high-fat diet treatment for 8 weeks in 8-month-old male C57BL/6J mice. Then, resistant exercise (ladder climbing) for 8 weeks was performed. Muscle and cognitive function tests and morphological analysis were conducted. The protein levels of myokines were investigated in muscle, plasma, and the hippocampus in sarcopenic obese mice. Muscle and cognitive functions were significantly elevated in the obesity-exercise group (EX) compared to the obesity-control group (OB). Interestingly, muscle function was positively correlated with cognitive function. Abnormal morphological changes in the hippocampus were ameliorated in EX compared to OB, but not in the muscle. Protein levels of cognitive function-related myokines and energy metabolism-related markers in EX were significantly elevated in both muscle and hippocampus compared to those in OB. Interestingly, the protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in EX was simultaneously increased in all tissues including muscle, plasma, and hippocampus compared to that in OB. In conclusion, modulation of muscle-derived cognitive function-related myokines in various pathological conditions via a resistant exercise could be a possible way of relieving muscle and cognitive dysfunction.
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Gómez-Barroso M, Vargas-Vargas MA, Peña-Montes DJ, Cortés-Rojo C, Saavedra-Molina A, Sánchez-Duarte E, Rodríguez-Orozco AR, Montoya-Pérez R. Comparative Effect of Three Different Exercise Intensities in Combination with Diazoxide on Contraction Capacity and Oxidative Stress of Skeletal Muscle in Obese Rats. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091367. [PMID: 36138845 PMCID: PMC9495795 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity is a growing public health problem worldwide. It is a pathological state that degrades the proper functioning of skeletal muscle. Diazoxide treatment and exercise have been shown to generally improve muscle function. However, the effect that each of the different exercise intensities has when combined with diazoxide on the contraction capacity, resistance to fatigue and oxidative stress levels in rat skeletal muscle is unknown. Therefore, this work focused on analyzing which exercise intensity was more efficient in combination with diazoxide in improving muscle tissue and its metabolic capacities. The best results were obtained with low- and moderate-intensity exercise when combined with the drug. These results expected to open a window of time that allows the implementation of a constant and prolonged exercise protocol that completely reverses the harmful effects of obesity on muscle tissue and obesity itself. Abstract Obesity is a chronic disease that impairs skeletal muscle function, affects the ability to contract, and promotes the development of fatigue. For this reason, the study of treatments that seek to reduce the harmful effects of obesity on muscle tissue has been deepened. Diazoxide treatment and various exercise protocols have been proposed to protect skeletal muscle against oxidative stress and its effects. However, the intensity and duration of exercise combined with diazoxide that would obtain the best results for improving skeletal muscle function in obese rats is unknown. To this end, this study evaluated the effects of three different exercise intensities combined with diazoxide on contraction capacity, resistance to fatigue, markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, ROS, and glutathione redox status of skeletal muscle. The results showed that treatments with diazoxide and exercise at different intensities improved muscle contraction capacity by reducing oxidative stress during obesity, with the best results being obtained with low-intensity exercise in combination with diazoxide. Therefore, these results suggest that diazoxide and low-intensity exercise improve muscle function during obesity by decreasing oxidative stress with the same efficiency as a moderate-intensity exercise protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gómez-Barroso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Manuel A. Vargas-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Donovan J. Peña-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Sánchez-Duarte
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Mexico
| | - Alain R. Rodríguez-Orozco
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas “Dr. Ignacio Chavez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Av. Dr. Rafael Carrillo S/N Esq. Dr. Salvador González Herrejon, Bosque Cuauhtémoc, Morelia 58020, Mexico
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Effting PS, Thirupathi A, Müller AP, Pereira BC, Sepa-Kishi DM, Marqueze LFB, Vasconcellos FTF, Nesi RT, Pereira TCB, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Ceddia RB, Pinho RA. Resistance Exercise Training Improves Metabolic and Inflammatory Control in Adipose and Muscle Tissues in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112179. [PMID: 35683979 PMCID: PMC9182921 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates whether ladder climbing (LC), as a model of resistance exercise, can reverse whole-body and skeletal muscle deleterious metabolic and inflammatory effects of high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity in mice. To accomplish this, Swiss mice were fed for 17 weeks either standard chow (SC) or an HF diet and then randomly assigned to remain sedentary or to undergo 8 weeks of LC training with progressive increases in resistance weight. Prior to beginning the exercise intervention, HF-fed animals displayed a 47% increase in body weight (BW) and impaired ability to clear blood glucose during an insulin tolerance test (ITT) when compared to SC animals. However, 8 weeks of LC significantly reduced BW, adipocyte size, as well as glycemia under fasting and during the ITT in HF-fed rats. LC also increased the phosphorylation of AktSer473 and AMPKThr172 and reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1-β) contents in the quadriceps muscles of HF-fed mice. Additionally, LC reduced the gene expression of inflammatory markers and attenuated HF-diet-induced NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox in skeletal muscles. LC training was effective in reducing adiposity and the content of inflammatory mediators in skeletal muscle and improved whole-body glycemic control in mice fed an HF diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline S. Effting
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Medical School, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - Anand Thirupathi
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Alexandre P. Müller
- Graduate de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88020-302, SC, Brazil;
| | - Bárbara C. Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Medical School, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - Diane M. Sepa-Kishi
- Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (D.M.S.-K.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Luis F. B. Marqueze
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (L.F.B.M.); (F.T.F.V.); (R.T.N.)
| | - Franciane T. F. Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (L.F.B.M.); (F.T.F.V.); (R.T.N.)
| | - Renata T. Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (L.F.B.M.); (F.T.F.V.); (R.T.N.)
| | - Talita C. B. Pereira
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil; (T.C.B.P.); (L.W.K.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Luiza W. Kist
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil; (T.C.B.P.); (L.W.K.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Maurício R. Bogo
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil; (T.C.B.P.); (L.W.K.); (M.R.B.)
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Rolando B. Ceddia
- Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (D.M.S.-K.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Ricardo A. Pinho
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil; (L.F.B.M.); (F.T.F.V.); (R.T.N.)
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (R.A.P.)
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7
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Fan Y, Yu M, Li J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Zhao L, Wang T, Xu H. Efficacy and Safety of Resistance Training for Coronary Heart Disease Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:754794. [PMID: 34805309 PMCID: PMC8602574 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.754794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resistance training (RT), as part of exercise prescriptions during cardiac rehabilitation for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), is often used as a supplement to aerobic training (AT). The effectiveness and safety of RT has not been sufficiently confirmed for coronary heart disease (CHD). Objective: To provide updated evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on efficacy and safety of RT for the rehabilitation of CHD. Method: Three English and four Chinese electronic literature databases were searched comprehensively from establishment of each individual database to Dec, 2020. RCTs which compared RT with AT, no treatment, health education, physical therapy, conventional medical treatment (or called usually care, UC) in CHD were included. Methodological quality of RCTs extracted according to the risk of bias tool described in the Cochrane handbook. The primary outcomes were the index of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the quality of life (QOL). The secondary outcomes included the skeletal muscle strength, aerobic capacity, left ventricular function and structure. Results: Thirty-right RCTs with a total of 2,465 participants were included in the review. The pooling results suggest the RT+AT is more effective in the cardiopulmonary exercise function (peak oxygen uptake, peak VO2) [MD, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.40–2.31, P = 0.005; I2 = 81%, P < 0.00001], the physical score of QOL [SMD, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.33–1.08, P = 0.0003; I2 = 74%, P < 0.0001] and global score of QOL [SMD, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.43–1.14, P < 0.0001; I2 = 60%, P = 0.03], also in the skeletal muscle strength, the aerobic capacity and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) than AT group. However, there is insufficient evidence confirmed that RT+AT can improve the emotional score of QOL [SMD, 0.27; 95% CI, −0.08 to 0.61, P = 0.13; I2 = 70%, P = 0.0004] and decrease left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD). No significant difference between RT and AT on increasing peak VO2 [MD, 2.07; 95% CI, −1.96 to 6.09, P = 0.31; I2 = 97%, P < 0.00001], the physical [SMD, 0.18; 95% CI, −0.08 to 0.43, P = 0.18; I2 = 0%, P = 0.51] and emotional [SMD, 0.22; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.59, P = 0.24; I2 = 26%, P = 0.25] score of QOL. Moreover, the pooled data of results suggest that RT is more beneficial in increasing peak VO2 [MD, 3.10; 95% CI, 2.52–3.68, P < 0.00001], physical component [SMD, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.57–1.14, P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%, P = 0.64] and the emotional conditions [SMD, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.31–1.18, P = 0.0009; I2 = 58%, P = 0.12] of QOL and LVEF, and decreasing LVEDD than UC. Low quality evidence provided that RT had effect in decreasing rehospitalization events than UC [RR, 0.33, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.62, P = 0.0006; I2 = 0%, P = 0.64]. There is no significant difference in the safety of RT compared to AT. Conclusions: RT combined with AT is more beneficial than AT alone for CHD. RT can effectively improve the capacity of exercise and the QOL compared with UC. But the difference between RT and AT is still unknown. More high-quality and large-sample studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meili Yu
- Beijing First Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingen Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - He Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Jaconiano E, Moreira-Gonçalves D. Unveiling the role of exercise training in targeting the inflammatory paradigm of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a narrative review. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:163-190. [PMID: 34244870 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is currently lacking an effective pharmacological treatment with impact on major outcomes such as hospitalization and mortality. Exercise training (EXT) is recognized as an important nonpharmacological tool, capable of improving exercise capacity and quality of life, and has even been associated with a reduction in hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality risk. However, this positive impact largely lacks a physiological explanation. The aim of this narrative review was to provide an overview of the available data supporting the hypothesis that the beneficial role of EXT in HFpEF might be due to its effects on targeting the inflammatory paradigm described for this disease. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed-NCBI database. We reviewed the effects of EXT throughout each step of the pathophysiological pathway leading to HFpEF and found clinical and/or preclinical evidence supporting the reduction of systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular rarefaction, and myocardial stiffness. We also highlighted some gaps in the knowledge or topics that deserve further clarification in future studies. In conclusion, despite the scarcity of clinical studies in this population, there is compelling evidence suggesting that EXT modulates crucial aspects of the inflammatory pathway described for HFpEF and future investigation on cellular and molecular mechanisms are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Jaconiano
- Cardiovascular R&D Center (UnIC) and Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Okoshi
- Departamento de Clínica Médica - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
| | - Rosana M Cortez
- Departamento de Clínica Médica - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
- Unimed Sorocaba, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Luana U Pagan
- Departamento de Clínica Médica - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
| | - Paula F Martinez
- Instituto Integrado de Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS - Brasil
| | - Filipe W L Pereira
- Departamento de Clínica Médica - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
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10
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Post-resistance exercise photobiomodulation therapy has a more effective antioxidant effect than pre-application on muscle oxidative stress. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:585-595. [PMID: 33864617 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) before or after a high-intensity resistance exercise (RE) session on muscle oxidative stress. Female Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following groups: Sham (non-exercised, undergoing placebo-PBMt); NLRE (exercised, undergoing placebo-PBMt); PBMt + RE (pre-exercise PBMt); RE + PBMt (post-exercise PBMt). The RE comprised four climbs bearing the maximum load with a 2 min rest between each climb. An 830-nm aluminum gallium arsenide diode laser (100 mW; 0.028 cm2; 3.57 mW/cm2; 142.8 J/cm2; 4 J; Photon Laser III, DMC, São Paulo, Brazil) was applied 60 s before or after RE in gastrocnemius muscles. Analyses were performed at 24 h after RE: lipoperoxidation using malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein oxidation (OP) on Western blot. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were spectrophotometrically assessed. Nitric oxide (NO) level was determined by the Griess reaction. The MDA and OP levels were significantly higher in the NLRE group. Increased OP was prevented in all PBMt groups; however, increased MDA was prevented only in the RE + PBMT group. The RE + PBMt group had higher SOD activity compared to all other groups. A higher GPx activity was observed only in the PBMT + RE compared to Sham group, and CAT activity was reduced by RE, without PBMt effect. NO levels were unchanged with RE or PBMt. Therefore, PBMt application after a RE section has a more potent antioxidant effect than previous PBMt. Rats submitted to post-RE PBMt illustrated prevention of increased lipoperoxidation and protein oxidation as well as increased SOD activity. The photobiomodulation can attenuate oxidative stress induced by resistance exercise. A more evident benefit shows to be obtained with the application after exercise, in which it has increased the activity of superoxide dismustase.
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11
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Bo B, Li S, Zhou K, Wei J. The Regulatory Role of Oxygen Metabolism in Exercise-Induced Cardiomyocyte Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664527. [PMID: 33937268 PMCID: PMC8083961 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During heart failure, the heart is unable to regenerate lost or damaged cardiomyocytes and is therefore unable to generate adequate cardiac output. Previous research has demonstrated that cardiac regeneration can be promoted by a hypoxia-related oxygen metabolic mechanism. Numerous studies have indicated that exercise plays a regulatory role in the activation of regeneration capacity in both healthy and injured adult cardiomyocytes. However, the role of oxygen metabolism in regulating exercise-induced cardiomyocyte regeneration is unclear. This review focuses on the alteration of the oxygen environment and metabolism in the myocardium induced by exercise, including the effects of mild hypoxia, changes in energy metabolism, enhanced elimination of reactive oxygen species, augmentation of antioxidative capacity, and regulation of the oxygen-related metabolic and molecular pathway in the heart. Deciphering the regulatory role of oxygen metabolism and related factors during and after exercise in cardiomyocyte regeneration will provide biological insight into endogenous cardiac repair mechanisms. Furthermore, this work provides strong evidence for exercise as a cost-effective intervention to improve cardiomyocyte regeneration and restore cardiac function in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bo
- Kinesiology Department, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Sports Reform and Development Research Center, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- Kinesiology Department, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Kinesiology Department, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Sports Reform and Development Research Center, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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12
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Miguel-Dos-Santos R, Santos JFD, Macedo FN, Marçal AC, Santana Filho VJ, Wichi RB, Lauton-Santos S. Strength Training Reduces Cardiac and Renal Oxidative Stress in Rats with Renovascular Hypertension. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 116:4-11. [PMID: 33566958 PMCID: PMC8159508 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamento O treino de força tem efeitos benéficos em doenças renais, além de ajudar a melhorar a defesa antioxidante em animais saudáveis. Objetivo Verificar se o treino de força reduz o dano oxidativo ao coração e rim contralateral para cirurgia de indução de hipertensão renovascular, bem como avaliar as alterações na atividade das enzimas antioxidantes endógenas superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e glutationa peroxidase (GPx). Métodos Dezoito ratos machos foram divididos em três grupos (n=6/grupo): placebo, hipertenso e hipertenso treinado. Os animais foram induzidos a hipertensão renovascular através da ligação da artéria renal esquerda. O treino de força foi iniciado quatro semanas após a indução da hipertensão renovascular, teve 12 semanas de duração e foi realizada a 70% de 1RM. Depois do período de treino, os animais foram submetidos a eutanásia e o rim esquerdo e o coração foram retirados para realizar a quantificação de peróxidos de hidrogênio, malondialdeído e grupos sulfidrílicos, que são marcadores de danos oxidativos. Além disso, foram medidas as atividades das enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutase, catalase e glutationa peroxidase. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados Depois do treino de força, houve redução de danos oxidativos a lipídios e proteínas, como pode-se observar pela redução de peróxidos de hidrogênio e níveis sulfidrílicos totais, respectivamente. Além disso, houve um aumento nas atividades das enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutase, catalase e glutationa peroxidase. Conclusão O treino de força tem o potencial de reduzir danos oxidativos, aumentando a atividades de enzimas antioxidantes. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):4-11)
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Miguel-Dos-Santos
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology - Cardiac Exercise Reserch Group, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Trondheim - Noruega.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil
| | | | - Fabricio Nunes Macedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil.,Departamento de Educação Física, Centro Universitário Estácio de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brasil
| | - Anderson Carlos Marçal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil.,Departamento de Morfologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil
| | - Valter J Santana Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil
| | - Rogerio Brandão Wichi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil
| | - Sandra Lauton-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE - Brasil
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13
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Pagan LU, Gomes MJ, Okoshi MP. Overview of Recent Advances in Experimental Cardiovascular Research. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:593-594. [PMID: 33111852 PMCID: PMC8386960 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luana U Pagan
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
| | - Mariana J Gomes
- Brigham and Women's Hospital - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA - EUA
| | - Marina P Okoshi
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil
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14
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Li G, Liu F, Wang Y, Zhao M, Song Y, Zhang L. Effects of resistance exercise on treatment outcome and laboratory parameters of Takayasu arteritis with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial. Clin Cardiol 2020; 43:1273-1278. [PMID: 32761844 PMCID: PMC7661652 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is correlated with refractory Takayasu arteritis (TA), and resistance exercise have been shown to inhibit TNF-α. HYPOTHESIS We aimed to explore the effect of resistance exercise in the clinical management of TA. METHODS This clinical trial enrolled a total of 342 acute TA patients, who were subsequently randomized to undergo either resistance exercise or relaxation control twice per week for 12 weeks. The disease activity was defined using the primary outcome of Birmingham Vascular Activity Score (BVAS). Secondary outcomes included levels of plasma TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). RESULTS BVAS scores along with other laboratory parameters obtained from the patients in the resistance exercise group showed a gradual decline throughout the course of the trial. By contrast, outcomes appeared largely unaltered in the relaxation control group patients. Analyses also revealed that plasma TNF-α displayed strong linear correlations with ESR, BVAS scores, and plasma CRP levels. CONCLUSION Resistance exercise could substantially improve treatment outcomes as well as laboratory parameters in patients with acute TA, probably through decreasing TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoce Li
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Fenghai Liu
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yancheng Song
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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15
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de Oliveira GMM, Fontes-Carvalho R, Gonçalves L, Cardim N, Rochitte CE. The Top 10 Original Articles Published in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and in the Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia in 2019. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:564-570. [PMID: 32267332 PMCID: PMC7792718 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrasil Faculdade de Medicina
–
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
,
Rio de Janeiro
,
RJ
–
Brasil
- Instituto do Coração Edson SaadUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrasil Instituto do Coração Edson Saad
–
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
,
Rio de Janeiro
,
RJ
–
Brasil
| | - Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho
- Departamento de CardiologiaCentro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de GaiaVila Nova de GaiaPortugal Departamento de Cardiologia
–
Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia
,
Vila Nova de Gaia
–
Portugal
- Departamento de Cirurgia e FisiologiaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia
–
Faculdade de Medicina
–
Universidade do Porto
,
Porto
–
Portugal
| | - Lino Gonçalves
- Departamento de CardiologiaCentro HospitalarUniversitário de CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Departamento de Cardiologia
–
Centro Hospitalar
e
Universitário de Coimbra
,
Coimbra
–
Portugal
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Faculdade de Medicina
–
Universidade de Coimbra
,
Coimbra
–
Portugal
| | - Nuno Cardim
- Departamento de CardiologiaHospital da LuzLisboaPortugal Departamento de Cardiologia
do
Hospital da Luz
,
Lisboa
-
Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
da
Universidade Nova de Lisboa
,
Lisboa
-
Portugal
| | - Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Instituto do CoraçãoFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Instituto do Coração
(InCor) –
Faculdade de Medicina
da
Universidade de São Paulo
,
São Paulo
,
SP
–
Brasil
- Hospital do CoraçãoSão PauloSPBrasil Hospital do Coração
(HCOR),
São Paulo
,
SP
–
Brasil
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