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Ju H, Sohn Y, Nam Y, Rim YA. Progresses in overcoming the limitations of in vitro erythropoiesis using human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:142. [PMID: 38750578 PMCID: PMC11094930 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Researchers have attempted to generate transfusable oxygen carriers to mitigate RBC supply shortages. In vitro generation of RBCs using stem cells such as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has shown promise. Specifically, the limited supplies of HSPCs and ethical issues with ESCs make iPSCs the most promising candidate for in vitro RBC generation. However, researchers have encountered some major challenges when using iPSCs to produce transfusable RBC products, such as enucleation and RBC maturation. In addition, it has proven difficult to manufacture these products on a large scale. In this review, we provide a brief overview of erythropoiesis and examine endeavors to recapitulate erythropoiesis in vitro using various cell sources. Furthermore, we explore the current obstacles and potential solutions aimed at enabling the large-scale production of transfusable RBCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonwoo Ju
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yeowon Sohn
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yoojun Nam
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- YiPSCELL Inc., L2 Omnibus Park, Banpo-dearo 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- YiPSCELL Inc., L2 Omnibus Park, Banpo-dearo 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- CiSTEM laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Vidallon MLP, Teo BM, Bishop AI, Tabor RF. Next-Generation Colloidal Materials for Ultrasound Imaging Applications. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2022; 48:1373-1396. [PMID: 35641393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound has important applications, predominantly in the field of diagnostic imaging. Presently, colloidal systems such as microbubbles, phase-change emulsion droplets and particle systems with acoustic properties and multiresponsiveness are being developed to address typical issues faced when using commercial ultrasound contrast agents, and to extend the utility of such systems to targeted drug delivery and multimodal imaging. Current technologies and increasing research data on the chemistry, physics and materials science of new colloidal systems are also leading to the development of more complex, novel and application-specific colloidal assemblies with ultrasound contrast enhancement and other properties, which could be beneficial for multiple biomedical applications, especially imaging-guided treatments. In this article, we review recent developments in new colloids with applications that use ultrasound contrast enhancement. This work also highlights the emergence of colloidal materials fabricated from or modified with biologically derived and bio-inspired materials, particularly in the form of biopolymers and biomembranes. Challenges, limitations, potential developments and future directions of these next-generation colloidal systems are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boon Mian Teo
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexis I Bishop
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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3
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Lysosomal iron recycling in mouse macrophages is dependent upon both LcytB and Steap3 reductases. Blood Adv 2022; 6:1692-1707. [PMID: 34982827 PMCID: PMC8941456 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron that is stored in macrophages as ferritin can be made bioavailable by degrading ferritin in the lysosome and releasing iron back into the cytosol. Iron stored in ferritin is found as Fe3+ and must be reduced to Fe2+ before it can be exported from the lysosome. Here we report that the lysosomal reductase Cyb561a3 (LcytB) and the endosomal reductase six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (Steap3) act as lysosomal ferrireductases in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 converting Fe3+ to Fe2+ for iron recycling. We determined that when lysosomes were loaded with horse cationic ferritin, reductions or loss of LcytB or Steap3 using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout technology resulted in decreased lysosomal iron export. Loss of both reductases was additive in decreasing lysosomal iron export. Decreased reductase activity resulted in increased transcripts for iron acquisition proteins DMT1 and transferrin receptor 1 (Tfrc1) suggesting that cells were iron limited. We show that transcript expression of LcytB and Steap3 is decreased in macrophages exposed to Escherichia coli pathogen UTI89, which supports a role for these reductases in regulating iron availability for pathogens. We further show that loss of LcytB and Steap3 in macrophages infected with UTI89 led to increased proliferation of intracellular UTI89 suggesting that the endolysosomal system is retaining Fe3+ that can be used for proliferation of intravesicular pathogens. Together, our findings reveal an important role for both LcytB and Steap3 in macrophage iron recycling and suggest that limiting iron recycling by decreasing expression of endolysosomal reductases is an innate immune response to protect against pathogen proliferation and sepsis.
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Javed R, Flores L, Bhave SJ, Jawed A, Mishra DK. The Future of Red Cell Transfusion Lies in Cultured Red Cells. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBlood is a very important resource for healthcare-based services and there has been a consistently increasing demand for it in most parts of the world. Poor volunteer-based collection system, high-risk of transfusion-transmitted infections, and emergence of new pathogens as evident from the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are potential challenges to the global healthcare systems. It is imperative to explore safe and reliable alternatives to red cell transfusions. Ex vivo culture of red cells (cRBCs) from different sources such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), pluripotent stem cells, and immortalized progenitors (e.g., BELA-2 cells) could revolutionize transfusion medicine. cRBC could be of great diagnostic and therapeutic utility. It may provide a backup in times of acute shortages in patients with rare blood groups, and in cases with multiple antibodies or sickle cell anemia. The CRISP-Cas9 system has been used to develop personalized, multi-compatible RBCs for diagnostic reagents and patients with multiple allo-antibodies. cRBC could be practically feasible for pediatric patients, who require small quantities of red cell transfusions. cRBC produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions has been reported to survive in human blood circulation for more than 26 days. Recently, a phase I randomized controlled clinical trial called RESTORE was initiated to assess the survival and recovery of cRBCs. However, feasible technological advancement is required to produce enough cRBCs for clinical use. It is crucial to identify sustainable sources for large-scale production of clinically useful cRBCs. Although the potential cost of one unit of cRBC is extrapolated to be around US$ 8000, it is a life-saving product for patients having rare blood groups and is a “ready to use” source of phenotype-matched, homogenous young red cells in emergency situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Javed
- Department of Clinical Haematology and BMT, TATA Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Lorraine Flores
- Department of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, NHS Blood and Transplant, Filton, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Saurabh Jayant Bhave
- Department of Clinical Haematology and BMT, TATA Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asheer Jawed
- Department of Respiratory Medicine at William Harvey Hospital, Ashford, United Kingdom
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5
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Yan H, Ali A, Blanc L, Narla A, Lane JM, Gao E, Papoin J, Hale J, Hillyer CD, Taylor N, Gallagher PG, Raza A, Kinet S, Mohandas N. Comprehensive phenotyping of erythropoiesis in human bone marrow: Evaluation of normal and ineffective erythropoiesis. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1064-1076. [PMID: 34021930 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Identification of stage-specific erythroid cells is critical for studies of normal and disordered human erythropoiesis. While immunophenotypic strategies have previously been developed to identify cells at each stage of terminal erythroid differentiation, erythroid progenitors are currently defined very broadly. Refined strategies to identify and characterize BFU-E and CFU-E subsets are critically needed. To address this unmet need, a flow cytometry-based technique was developed that combines the established surface markers CD34 and CD36 with CD117, CD71, and CD105. This combination allowed for the separation of erythroid progenitor cells into four discrete populations along a continuum of progressive maturation, with increasing cell size and decreasing nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, proliferative capacity and stem cell factor responsiveness. This strategy was validated in uncultured, primary erythroid cells isolated from bone marrow of healthy individuals. Functional colony assays of these progenitor populations revealed enrichment of BFU-E only in the earliest population, transitioning to cells yielding BFU-E and CFU-E, then CFU-E only. Utilizing CD34/CD105 and GPA/CD105 profiles, all four progenitor stages and all five stages of terminal erythroid differentiation could be identified. Applying this immunophenotyping strategy to primary bone marrow cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, identified defects in erythroid progenitors and in terminal erythroid differentiation. This novel immunophenotyping technique will be a valuable tool for studies of normal and perturbed human erythropoiesis. It will allow for the discovery of stage-specific molecular and functional insights into normal erythropoiesis as well as for identification and characterization of stage-specific defects in inherited and acquired disorders of erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Yan
- New York Blood Center New York New York USA
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Abdullah Ali
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Center Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Lionel Blanc
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research Manhasset New York USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Hempstead New York USA
| | - Anupama Narla
- Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA
| | - Joseph M. Lane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery New York‐Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York New York USA
| | - Erjing Gao
- New York Blood Center New York New York USA
| | - Julien Papoin
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research Manhasset New York USA
| | - John Hale
- New York Blood Center New York New York USA
| | | | - Naomi Taylor
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
- Pediatric Oncology Branch NCI, CCR, NIH Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Patrick G. Gallagher
- Department of Pediatrics Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Department of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
- Department of Genetics Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Azra Raza
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes Center Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Sandrina Kinet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
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Zhou P, Ouchari M, Xue Y, Yin Q. In Vitro Generation of Red Blood Cells from Stem Cell and Targeted Therapy. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720946658. [PMID: 32830529 PMCID: PMC7563022 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720946658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a common therapeutic intervention,
which is necessary for patients with emergency or hematological
disorders to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, to date, blood
available for transfusion is a limited resource, and the transfusion
coverage system still depends on the volunteer-based collection
system. The scarcity of blood supplies commonly develops because of
local conditions that transiently affect collection. Moreover,
donor-derived infectious disease transmission events also remain a
risk. Thus, there is a huge demand for artificial blood. The
production of cultured RBCs from stem cells is slowly emerging as a
potential alternative to donor-derived red cell transfusion products.
In this concise review, we summarize the recent in vitro expansion of
RBCs from various stem cell sources, targeted therapy, prospects, and
remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Hainan, China
| | - Mouna Ouchari
- Department of Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yun Xue
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China.,Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Adu P, Bennin D, Edzie RA, Owusu-Poku AG, Hakeem TU, Baba GO, Edzie EKM. Depleted iron stores in voluntary blood donors: A three-center cross-sectional study in Ghana. Asian J Transfus Sci 2021; 14:149-157. [PMID: 33767542 PMCID: PMC7983149 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_112_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donation is frequently associated with iron deficiency. Although iron deficiency is endemic in Ghana, there is a scarcity of data on iron stores in blood donors to inform donor recruitment policy. This study determined the prevalence and factors predictive of depleted iron stores in blood donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 287 blood donors from three regions in Ghana. Venous blood samples were collected for estimation of C-reactive protein, full blood count, and serum ferritin. Questionnaires were used to capture sociodemographic data. Data were analyzed using SPSS or GraphPad Prism. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses were, respectively, used to determine the factors associated with depleted iron stores or sensitivities of calculated red cell indices in predicting depleted iron stores in the participants. RESULTS Whereas 27.4% of the blood donors had depleted iron stores (ferritin <15 ng/dL), only 11% took iron supplementation. While ferritin levels significantly increased with age, 49.5% of the blood donors were aged 20-29 years. Whereas 39.5% of participants had never donated blood, 24.9% had donated ≥3 units of whole blood in the past 2 years. Female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 7.407, P = 0.005), multiple previous donations (1-2 [aOR: 1.846, P = 0.431]; ≥3 [aOR: 6.297, P = 0.016]), no iron supplementation (aOR: 17.553, P = 0.078), or platelet count ≥150 × 109/L (aOR: 2.689, P = 0.354) significantly associated with iron depletion. ROC analyses showed that whereas mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) density (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.735, P < 0.01), MCH (AUC: 0.772, P < 0.01) or Shine and Lal (AUC: 0.736, P < 0.01) fairly predicted iron depletion, combined cell index (AUC: 0.660, P < 0.01) or Green and King (AUC: 0.603, P < 0.01) indices poorly predicted iron depletion. CONCLUSIONS More than quarter of voluntary blood donors suffers postdonation sideropenia. Calculated red cell indices should be investigated in different settings to validate usefulness in detecting iron depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Adu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - David Bennin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Richard Ato Edzie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ama Gyasiwaah Owusu-Poku
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Toniah Umar Hakeem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Glory Obadiah Baba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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8
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Liu S, Wu M, Lancelot M, Deng J, Gao Y, Roback JD, Chen T, Cheng L. BMI1 enables extensive expansion of functional erythroblasts from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1918-1932. [PMID: 33484967 PMCID: PMC8116606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) from ABO-matched but genetically unrelated donors is commonly used for treating anemia and acute blood loss. Increasing demand and insufficient supply for donor RBCs, especially those of universal blood types or free of known and unknown pathogens, has called for ex vivo generation of functional RBCs by large-scale cell culture. However, generating physiological numbers of transfusable cultured RBCs (cRBCs) ex vivo remains challenging, due to our inability to either extensively expand primary RBC precursors (erythroblasts) or achieve efficient enucleation once erythroblasts have been expanded and induced to differentiation and maturation. Here, we report that ectopic expression of the human BMI1 gene confers extensive expansion of human erythroblasts, which can be derived readily from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells of either healthy donors or sickle cell patients. These extensively expanded erythroblasts (E3s) are able to proliferate exponentially (>1 trillion-fold in 2 months) in a defined culture medium. Expanded E3 cells are karyotypically normal and capable of terminal maturation with approximately 50% enucleation. Additionally, E3-derived cRBCs can circulate in a mouse model following transfusion similar to primary human RBCs. Therefore, we provide a facile approach of generating physiological numbers of human functional erythroblasts ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senquan Liu
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Moira Lancelot
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jiusheng Deng
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John D Roback
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Tong Chen
- Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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9
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Ebrahimi M, Forouzesh M, Raoufi S, Ramazii M, Ghaedrahmati F, Farzaneh M. Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into erythroid cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 33198819 PMCID: PMC7667818 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last years, several strategies have been made to obtain mature erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBC) from the bone marrow or umbilical cord blood (UCB). However, UCB-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are a limited source and in vitro large-scale expansion of RBC from HSC remains problematic. One promising alternative can be human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that provide an unlimited source of cells. Human PSCs, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are self-renewing progenitors that can be differentiated to lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Several previous studies have revealed that human ESCs can differentiate into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes; however, the ex vivo expansion of human ESC-derived RBC is subjected to ethical concerns. Human iPSCs can be a suitable therapeutic choice for the in vitro/ex vivo manufacture of RBCs. Reprogramming of human somatic cells through the ectopic expression of the transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, LIN28, and NANOG) has provided a new avenue for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Various techniques have been developed to generate enucleated RBCs from human iPSCs. The in vitro production of human iPSC-derived RBCs can be an alternative treatment option for patients with blood disorders. In this review, we focused on the generation of human iPSC-derived erythrocytes to present an overview of the current status and applications of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ebrahimi
- Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Forouzesh
- Legal Medicine Organization of Iran, Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Raoufi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramazii
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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10
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Olivier EN, Zhang S, Yan Z, Suzuka S, Roberts K, Wang K, Bouhassira EE. PSC-RED and MNC-RED: Albumin-free and low-transferrin robust erythroid differentiation protocols to produce human enucleated red blood cells. Exp Hematol 2019; 75:31-52.e15. [PMID: 31176681 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Many methods have been developed to produce cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) in vitro but translational applications have been hampered by high costs of production and by low rates of enucleation. We have developed R6 and IMIT, two chemically defined culture media and combined them into robust erythroid differentiation (RED) protocols to differentiate induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) into enucleated erythroid cells. The RED protocols do not require any albumin or animal components and require ten- to twentyfold less transferrin (Tf) than previously, because iron is provided to the differentiating erythroblasts by small amounts of recombinant Tf supplemented with FeIII-EDTA, an iron chelator that allows Tf recycling to take place in cell culture. Importantly, cRBCs produced by iPSC differentiation using the long PSC-RED protocol enucleate at much higher rates than with previous protocols, eliminating one of the impediments to the use of these cells to produce clinically useful cRBCs. The absence of albumin, the reduced amounts of Tf, the improved reproducibility associated with the elimination of all animal components, and the high yield on the RED protocols decrease the cost of production of cultured red blood cells. RED protocols should therefore help to make translational applications of cultured RBCs more economically realistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N Olivier
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Shouping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Zi Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Sandra Suzuka
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Karl Roberts
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Eric E Bouhassira
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Medicine/Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
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11
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Zingariello M, Bardelli C, Sancillo L, Ciaffoni F, Genova ML, Girelli G, Migliaccio AR. Dexamethasone Predisposes Human Erythroblasts Toward Impaired Lipid Metabolism and Renders Their ex vivo Expansion Highly Dependent on Plasma Lipoproteins. Front Physiol 2019; 10:281. [PMID: 31019464 PMCID: PMC6458278 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultures of stem cells from discarded sources supplemented with dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist, generate cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) in numbers sufficient for transfusion. According to the literature, however, erythroblasts generated with dexamethasone exhibit low enucleation rates giving rise to cRBCs that survive poorly in vivo. The knowledge that the glucocorticoid receptor regulates lipid metabolism and that lipid composition dictates the fragility of the plasma membrane suggests that insufficient lipid bioavailability restrains generation of cRBCs. To test this hypothesis, we first compared the expression profiling of erythroblasts generated with or without dexamethasone. This analysis revealed differences in expression of 55 genes, 6 of which encoding proteins involved in lipid metabolism. These were represented by genes encoding the mitochondrial proteins 3-Hydroxymethyl-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, upregulated, and 3-Oxoacid CoA-Transferase1 and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase1, both downregulated, and the proteins ATP-binding cassette transporter1 and Hydroxysteroid-17-Beta-Dehydrogenase7, upregulated, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta, downregulated. This profiling predicts that dexamethasone, possibly by interfering with mitochondrial functions, impairs the intrinsic lipid metabolism making the synthesis of the plasma membrane of erythroid cells depend on lipid-uptake from external sources. Optical and electron microscopy analyses confirmed that the mitochondria of erythroblasts generated with dexamethasone are abnormal and that their plasma membranes present pebbles associated with membrane ruptures releasing exosomes and micro-vesicles. These results indicate that the lipid supplements of media currently available are not adequate for cRBCs. To identify better lipid supplements, we determined the number of erythroblasts generated in synthetic media supplemented with either currently used liposomes or with lipoproteins purified from human plasma [the total lipoprotein fraction (TL) or its high (HDL), low (LDL) and very low (VLDL) density lipoprotein components]. Both LDL and VLDL generated numbers of erythroid cells 3-2-fold greater than that observed in controls. These greater numbers were associated with 2-3-fold greater amplification of erythroid cells due both to increased proliferation and to resistance to stress-induced death. In conclusion, dexamethasone impairs lipid metabolism making ex vivo expansion of erythroid cells highly dependent on lipid absorbed from external sources and the use of LDL and VLDL as lipid supplements improves the generation of cRBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zingariello
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Bardelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Sancillo
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Genova
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Kim SH, Lee EM, Han SY, Choi HS, Ryu KY, Baek EJ. Improvement of Red Blood Cell MaturationIn Vitroby Serum-Free Medium Optimization. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:232-242. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hui Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Han
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Ryu
- Departmemt of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Baek
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Bello AB, Park H, Lee SH. Current approaches in biomaterial-based hematopoietic stem cell niches. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:1-15. [PMID: 29578087 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate and replenish blood and immune cells. While there is a growing demand for autologous and allogeneic HSC transplantation owing to the increasing incidence of hereditary and hematologic diseases, the low population of HSCs in cord-blood and bone marrow (the main source of HSCs) hinders their medical applicability. Several cytokine and growth factor-based methods have been developed to expand the HSCs in vitro; however, the expansion rate is low, or the expanded cells fail to survive upon engraftment. This is at least in part because the overly simplistic polystyrene culture substrates fail to fully replicate the microenvironments or niches where these stem cells live. Bone marrow niches are multi-dimensional, complex systems that involve both biochemical (cells, growth factors, and cytokines) and physiochemical (stiffness, O2 concentration, and extracellular matrix presentation) factors that regulate the quiescence, proliferation, activation, and differentiation of the HSCs. Although several studies have been conducted on in vitro HSC expansion via 2D and 3D biomaterial-based platforms, additional work is required to engineer an effective biomaterial platform that mimics bone marrow niches. In this study, the factors that regulate the HSC in vivo were explained and their applications in the engineering of a bone marrow biomaterial-based platform were discussed. In addition, current approaches, challenges, and the future direction of a biomaterial-based culture and expansion of the HSC were examined. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are multipotent cells that can differentiate and replace the blood and immune cells of the body. However, in vivo, there is a low population of these cells, and thus their use in biotherapeutic and medical applications is limited (i.e., bone marrow transplantation). In this review, the biochemical factors (growth factors, cytokines, co-existing cells, ECM, gas concentrations, and differential gene expression) that may regulate the over-all fate of HSC, in vivo, were summarized and discussed. Moreover, different conventional and recent biomaterial platforms were reviewed, and their potential in generating a biomaterial-based, BM niche-mimicking platform for the efficient growth and expansion of clinically relevant HSCs in-vitro, was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Bacero Bello
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Halder UC. Bone marrow stem cells to destroy circulating HIV: a hypothetical therapeutic strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:3. [PMID: 29445623 PMCID: PMC5800069 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-018-0075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still poses enigmatic threats to human life. This virus has mastered in bypassing anti retroviral therapy leading to patients’ death. Circulating viruses are phenomenal for the disease outcome. This hypothesis proposes a therapeutic strategy utilizing receptor-integrated hematopoietic, erythroid and red blood cells. Here, HIV specific receptors trap circulating viruses that enter erythrocyte cytoplasm and form inactive integration complex. This model depicts easy, effective removal of circulating HIV without any adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Chandra Halder
- Department of Zoology, Raniganj Girls' College, Searsole, Rajbari, Raniganj, Paschim Barddhaman, West Bengal 713358 India
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15
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Cai L, Bai H, Mahairaki V, Gao Y, He C, Wen Y, Jin YC, Wang Y, Pan RL, Qasba A, Ye Z, Cheng L. A Universal Approach to Correct Various HBB Gene Mutations in Human Stem Cells for Gene Therapy of Beta-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 7:87-97. [PMID: 29164808 PMCID: PMC5746148 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-thalassemia is one of the most common recessive genetic diseases, caused by mutations in the HBB gene. Over 200 different types of mutations in the HBB gene containing three exons have been identified in patients with β-thalassemia (β-thal) whereas a homozygous mutation in exon 1 causes sickle cell disease (SCD). Novel therapeutic strategies to permanently correct the HBB mutation in stem cells that are able to expand and differentiate into erythrocytes producing corrected HBB proteins are highly desirable. Genome editing aided by CRISPR/Cas9 and other site-specific engineered nucleases offers promise to precisely correct a genetic mutation in the native genome without alterations in other parts of the human genome. Although making a sequence-specific nuclease to enhance correction of a specific HBB mutation by homology-directed repair (HDR) is becoming straightforward, targeting various HBB mutations of β-thal is still challenging because individual guide RNA as well as a donor DNA template for HDR of each type of HBB gene mutation have to be selected and validated. Using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two β-thal patients with different HBB gene mutations, we devised and tested a universal strategy to achieve targeted insertion of the HBB cDNA in exon 1 of HBB gene using Cas9 and two validated guide RNAs. We observed that HBB protein production was restored in erythrocytes derived from iPSCs of two patients. This strategy of restoring functional HBB gene expression will be able to correct most types of HBB gene mutations in β-thal and SCD. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:87-97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Cai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hao Bai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vasiliki Mahairaki
- Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chaoxia He
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yanfei Wen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jiangmen Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Chuan Jin
- Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - You Wang
- Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Public Health Studies, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Art and Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel L Pan
- Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Armaan Qasba
- Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaohui Ye
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Gene Transfer and Immunogenicity Branch, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Stem Cell Program in the Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Cappellino LA, Kratje RB, Etcheverrigaray M, Prieto CC. Strategy for erythroid differentiation in ex vivo cultures: Lentiviral genetic modification of human hematopoietic stem cells with erythropoietin gene. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:591-598. [PMID: 28688754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
If cultured in appropriate conditions, such as supplementing culture media with costly cytokines and growth factors, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from different origins have shown to be an adequate source of erythroid cells. This requirement turns erythroid cells production into a complicated process to be scaled-up for future applications. The aim of our work was to genetically modify HSPCs with human erythropoietin (hEPO) sequence by lentiviral transgenesis in order for cells to secrete the hormone into the culture medium. Initially, we evaluated erythroid differentiation in colony forming units (CFU) assays and further analyzed cell expansion and erythroid differentiation throughout time in suspension cultures by flow cytometry and May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. Additionally, we studied hEPO production and its isoforms profile. The different assessment approaches demonstrated erythroid differentiation, which was attributed to the hEPO secreted by the HSPCs. Our data demonstrate that it is possible to develop culture systems in which recombinant HSPCs are self-suppliers of hEPO. This feature makes our strategy attractive to be applied in biotechnological production processes of erythroid cells that are currently under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisina A Cappellino
- UNL, CONICET, Cell Culture Laboratory, FBCB, Edificio FBCB-Ciudad Universitaria UNL, C.C. 242. (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ricardo B Kratje
- UNL, CONICET, Cell Culture Laboratory, FBCB, Edificio FBCB-Ciudad Universitaria UNL, C.C. 242. (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marina Etcheverrigaray
- UNL, CONICET, Cell Culture Laboratory, FBCB, Edificio FBCB-Ciudad Universitaria UNL, C.C. 242. (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio C Prieto
- UNL, Cell Culture Laboratory, FBCB, Edificio FBCB-Ciudad Universitaria UNL, C.C. 242. (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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17
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Capellera-Garcia S, Flygare J. Direct lineage reprogramming: a useful addition to the blood cell research toolbox. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 10:107-109. [PMID: 27967256 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1272409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Capellera-Garcia
- a Department of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy , Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Johan Flygare
- a Department of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy , Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University , Lund , Sweden
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18
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Huang X, Wang Y, Yan W, Smith C, Ye Z, Wang J, Gao Y, Mendelsohn L, Cheng L. Production of Gene-Corrected Adult Beta Globin Protein in Human Erythrocytes Differentiated from Patient iPSCs After Genome Editing of the Sickle Point Mutation. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1470-9. [PMID: 25702619 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and genome editing provide a precise way to generate gene-corrected cells for disease modeling and cell therapies. Human iPSCs generated from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients have a homozygous missense point mutation in the HBB gene encoding adult β-globin proteins, and are used as a model system to improve strategies of human gene therapy. We demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas9 system designer nuclease is much more efficient in stimulating gene targeting of the endogenous HBB locus near the SCD point mutation in human iPSCs than zinc finger nucleases and TALENs. Using a specific guide RNA and Cas9, we readily corrected one allele of the SCD HBB gene in human iPSCs by homologous recombination with a donor DNA template containing the wild-type HBB DNA and a selection cassette that was subsequently removed to avoid possible interference of HBB transcription and translation. We chose targeted iPSC clones that have one corrected and one disrupted SCD allele for erythroid differentiation assays, using an improved xeno-free and feeder-free culture condition we recently established. Erythrocytes from either the corrected or its parental (uncorrected) iPSC line were generated with similar efficiencies. Currently ∼6%-10% of these differentiated erythrocytes indeed lacked nuclei, characteristic of further matured erythrocytes called reticulocytes. We also detected the 16-kDa β-globin protein expressed from the corrected HBB allele in the erythrocytes differentiated from genome-edited iPSCs. Our results represent a significant step toward the clinical applications of genome editing using patient-derived iPSCs to generate disease-free cells for cell and gene therapies. Stem Cells 2015;33:1470-1479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine; Institute for Cell Engineering
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19
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Masiello F, Tirelli V, Sanchez M, van den Akker E, Girelli G, Marconi M, Villa MA, Rebulla P, Hashmi G, Whitsett C, Migliaccio AR. Mononuclear cells from a rare blood donor, after freezing under good manufacturing practice conditions, generate red blood cells that recapitulate the rare blood phenotype. Transfusion 2014; 54:1059-70. [PMID: 24004289 PMCID: PMC3942379 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) from cord blood (CB) have been proposed as transfusion products. Whether buffy coats discarded from blood donations (adult blood [AB]) may be used to generate cRBCs for transfusion has not been investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Erythroid progenitor cell content and numbers and blood group antigen profiles of erythroblasts (ERYs) and cRBCs generated in human erythroid massive amplification (HEMA) culture by CB (n = 7) and AB (n = 33, three females, three males, one AB with rare blood antigens cryopreserved using CB protocols) were compared. RESULTS Variability was observed both in progenitor cell content (twofold) and number of ERYs generated (1 log) by CB and AB in HEMA. The average progenitor cell contents of the subset of AB and CB analyzed were similar. AB generated numbers of ERYs three times lower (p < 0.01) than CB in HEMA containing fetal bovine serum but similar to CB in HEMA containing human proteins. Female AB contained two times fewer (p < 0.05) erythroid progenitor cells but generated numbers of ERYs similar to those generated by male AB. Cryopreserved AB with a rare blood group phenotype and shipped to another laboratory generated great numbers of ERYs, 90% of which matured into cRBCs. Blood group antigen expression was consistent with the donor genotype for ERYs generated both by CB and AB but concordant with that of native RBCs only for cells derived from AB. CONCLUSION Buffy coats from regular donors, including a donor with rare phenotypes stored under conditions established for CB, are not inferior to CB for the generation of cRBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Masiello
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Tirelli
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio Marconi
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Villa
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rebulla
- Centro Trasfusionale e di Immunoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carolyn Whitsett
- Kings County Hospital and Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Transcriptional divergence and conservation of human and mouse erythropoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:4103-8. [PMID: 24591581 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401598111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse models have been used extensively for decades and have been instrumental in improving our understanding of mammalian erythropoiesis. Nonetheless, there are several examples of variation between human and mouse erythropoiesis. We performed a comparative global gene expression study using data from morphologically identical stage-matched sorted populations of human and mouse erythroid precursors from early to late erythroblasts. Induction and repression of major transcriptional regulators of erythropoiesis, as well as major erythroid-important proteins, are largely conserved between the species. In contrast, at a global level we identified a significant extent of divergence between the species, both at comparable stages and in the transitions between stages, especially for the 500 most highly expressed genes during development. This suggests that the response of multiple developmentally regulated genes to key erythroid transcriptional regulators represents an important modification that has occurred in the course of erythroid evolution. In developing a systematic framework to understand and study conservation and divergence between human and mouse erythropoiesis, we show how mouse models can fail to mimic specific human diseases and provide predictions for translating findings from mouse models to potential therapies for human disease.
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21
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Shah S, Huang X, Cheng L. Concise review: stem cell-based approaches to red blood cell production for transfusion. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 3:346-55. [PMID: 24361925 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood transfusion is a common procedure in modern medicine, and it is practiced throughout the world; however, many countries report a less than sufficient blood supply. Even in developed countries where the supply is currently adequate, projected demographics predict an insufficient supply as early as 2050. The blood supply is also strained during occasional widespread disasters and crises. Transfusion of blood components such as red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, or neutrophils is increasingly used from the same blood unit for multiple purposes and to reduce alloimmune responses. Even for RBCs and platelets lacking nuclei and many antigenic cell-surface molecules, alloimmunity could occur, especially in patients with chronic transfusion requirements. Once alloimmunization occurs, such patients require RBCs from donors with a different blood group antigen combination, making it a challenge to find donors after every successive episode of alloimmunization. Alternative blood substitutes such as synthetic oxygen carriers have so far proven unsuccessful. In this review, we focus on current research and technologies that permit RBC production ex vivo from hematopoietic stem cells, pluripotent stem cells, and immortalized erythroid precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shah
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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22
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Huang X, Shah S, Wang J, Ye Z, Dowey SN, Tsang KM, Mendelsohn LG, Kato GJ, Kickler TS, Cheng L. Extensive ex vivo expansion of functional human erythroid precursors established from umbilical cord blood cells by defined factors. Mol Ther 2013; 22:451-463. [PMID: 24002691 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a constant shortage of red blood cells (RBCs) from sufficiently matched donors for patients who need chronic transfusion. Ex vivo expansion and maturation of human erythroid precursors (erythroblasts) from the patients or optimally matched donors could represent a potential solution. Proliferating erythroblasts can be expanded from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CB MNCs) ex vivo for 10(6)-10(7)-fold (in ~50 days) before proliferation arrest and reaching sufficient number for broad application. Here, we report that ectopic expression of three genetic factors (Sox2, c-Myc, and an shRNA against TP53 gene) associated with iPSC derivation enables CB-derived erythroblasts to undergo extended expansion (~10(68)-fold in ~12 months) in a serum-free culture condition without change of cell identity or function. These expanding erythroblasts maintain immature erythroblast phenotypes and morphology, a normal diploid karyotype and dependence on a specific combination of growth factors for proliferation throughout expansion period. When being switched to a terminal differentiation condition, these immortalized erythroblasts gradually exit cell cycle, decrease cell size, accumulate hemoglobin, condense nuclei and eventually give rise to enucleated hemoglobin-containing erythrocytes that can bind and release oxygen. Our result may ultimately lead to an alternative approach to generate unlimited numbers of RBCs for personalized transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Siddharth Shah
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaohui Ye
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah N Dowey
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kit Man Tsang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laurel G Mendelsohn
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory J Kato
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas S Kickler
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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23
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Noulin F, Borlon C, Van Den Abbeele J, D'Alessandro U, Erhart A. 1912-2012: a century of research on Plasmodium vivax in vitro culture. Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:286-94. [PMID: 23623759 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of a continuous Plasmodium vivax blood cycle in vitro was first attempted 100 years ago. Since then, and despite the use of different methods, only short-term cultures have been achieved so far. The available literature has been reviewed in order to provide a critical overview of the currently available knowledge on P. vivax blood cycle culture systems and identify some unexplored ways forward. Results show that data accumulated over the past century remain fragmented and often contradictory, making it difficult to draw conclusions. There is the need for an international consortium on P. vivax culture able to collect, update, and share new evidence, including negative results, and thus better coordinate current efforts towards the establishment of a continuous P. vivax culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Noulin
- Unit of Malariology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, 2000, Belgium.
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