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Mizuno M, Maeda Y, Sanami S, Matsuzaki T, Yoshikawa HY, Ozeki N, Koga H, Sekiya I. Noninvasive total counting of cultured cells using a home-use scanner with a pattern sheet. iScience 2024; 27:109170. [PMID: 38405610 PMCID: PMC10884908 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The inherent variability in cell culture techniques hinders their reproducibility. To address this issue, we introduce a comprehensive cell observation device. This new approach enhances the features of existing home-use scanners by implementing a pattern sheet. Compared with fluorescent staining, our method over- or underestimated the cell count by a mere 5%. The proposed technique showcased a strong correlation with conventional methodologies, displaying R2 values of 0.91 and 0.99 compared with the standard chamber and fluorescence methods, respectively. Simulations of microscopic observations indicated the potential to estimate accurately the total cell count using just 20 fields of view. Our proposed cell-counting device offers a straightforward, noninvasive means of measuring the number of cultured cells. By harnessing the power of deep learning, this device ensures data integrity, thereby making it an attractive option for future cell culture research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Maeda
- Medical & Healthcare Division, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Sanami
- Medical & Healthcare Division, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Matsuzaki
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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2
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Nakashima Y, Iguchi H, Shimizu E, Le MN, Takakura K, Nakamura Y, Yanagisawa T, Sanghavi R, Haneda S, Tsukahara M. Improved Production of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Dot Pattern Culture Plates. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2023; 29:410-423. [PMID: 37427413 PMCID: PMC10517333 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The rate of cell proliferation is a crucial factor in cell production under good manufacturing practice (GMP) control. In this study, we identified a culture system for induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) that supports cell proliferation and viability and maintains the cells in an undifferentiated state even at 8 days after seeding. This system involves the use of dot pattern culture plates that have been coated with a chemically defined scaffold which has high biocompatibility. Under cell starvation conditions, where medium exchange was not performed for 7 days or where the amount of medium exchange was reduced to half or a quarter, iPSC viability and lack of differentiation were maintained. The rate of cell viability in this culture system was greater than generally obtained by standard culture methods. The cells in this compartmentalized culture system could be induced to differentiate in a controlled and consistent manner: differentiation of endoderm occurred in a controlled and consistent manner: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm could be consistently induced to differentiate in the cultures. In conclusion, we have developed a culture system that supports high viability in iPSCs and allows their controlled differentiation. This system has the potential for use in GMP-based production of iPSCs for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Nakashima
- Research and Development Center, Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iguchi
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiko Shimizu
- Research and Development Center, Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Kyoto, Japan
- Kyoto University iCeMS Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minh N.T. Le
- Kyoto University iCeMS Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Takakura
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuta Nakamura
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yanagisawa
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Rutvi Sanghavi
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Haneda
- Life Science Development Center Advanced Technology Institute R&D Center Corporate, SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD., Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsukahara
- Research and Development Center, Kyoto University Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Foundation (CiRA Foundation), Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Krasnova OA, Gursky VV, Chabina AS, Kulakova KA, Alekseenko LL, Panova AV, Kiselev SL, Neganova IE. Prognostic Analysis of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Based on Their Morphological Portrait and Expression of Pluripotent Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12902. [PMID: 36361693 PMCID: PMC9656397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of human pluripotent stem cells for unlimited proliferation and self-renewal promotes their application in the fields of regenerative medicine. The morphological assessment of growing colonies and cells, as a non-invasive method, allows the best clones for further clinical applications to be safely selected. For this purpose, we analyzed seven morphological parameters of both colonies and cells extracted from the phase-contrast images of human embryonic stem cell line H9, control human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line AD3, and hiPSC line HPCASRi002-A (CaSR) in various passages during their growth for 120 h. The morphological phenotype of each colony was classified using a visual analysis and associated with its potential for pluripotency and clonality maintenance, thus defining the colony phenotype as the control parameter. Using the analysis of variance for the morphological parameters of each line, we showed that selected parameters carried information about different cell lines and different phenotypes within each line. We demonstrated that a model of classification of colonies and cells by phenotype, built on the selected parameters as predictors, recognized the phenotype with an accuracy of 70-75%. In addition, we performed a qRT-PCR analysis of eleven pluripotency markers genes. By analyzing the variance of their expression in samples from different lines and with different phenotypes, we identified group-specific sets of genes that could be used as the most informative ones for the separation of the best clones. Our results indicated the fundamental possibility of constructing a morphological portrait of a colony informative for the automatic identification of the phenotype and for linking this portrait to the expression of pluripotency markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vitaly V. Gursky
- Institute of Cytology, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Alexandra V. Panova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117971 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Kiselev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117971 Moscow, Russia
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4
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How to maintain and transport equine adipose tissue for isolating mesenchymal stem cells? BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:284. [PMID: 35864533 PMCID: PMC9306088 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue (AT) is one of the most important mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources because of its high quantities, availability and ease of collection. After being collected samples, they should be transported to a laboratory for stem cell (SC) isolation, culture and expansion for future clinical application. Usually, laboratories are distant from animal husbandry centers; therefore, it is necessary to provide suitable conditions for adipose tissue transportation, such that adipose-derived MSCs are minimally affected. In the current study, the impact of tissue maintenance under different conditions on MSCs derived from these tissues was evaluated. We aimed at finding suitable and practical transportation methods in which ASCs go through the slightest changes. RESULTS In the current study, after being collected, equine AT was randomized into eight groups: four samples were maintained in stem cell culture media at 25 οC and 4 οC for 6 and 12 hrs. as transportation via SC media groups. Three samples were frozen at three different temperatures (- 20, - 75 and - 196 οC) as cryopreserved groups; these samples were defrosted 1 week after cryopreservation. Fresh and unfrozen AT was evaluated as a control group. The tissue samples were then initiated into enzymatic digestion, isolation and the culturing of SCs. Cells at passage three were used to evaluate the ability to form colonies, proliferation rate, plotting of the cell growth curve, and viability rate. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Stem cell isolation was successful in all groups, although purification of SCs from the first series of cryopreservation at - 196 οC and two series of - 20 οC was unsuccessful. There was no significant difference between the surface area of colonies in all groups except for - 20 οC. The growth rate of transportation via stem cell media at 25 οC for 6 hrs. was similar to that of the control group. MTT analysis revealed a significant difference between 25 οC 12 hrs. Group and other experimental groups except for control, 4 οC 12 hrs. and - 196 οC group. CONCLUSION Data have shown freezing at - 75 οC, transportation via stem cell media at 4 οC for 12 hrs. and 25 οC for 6 hrs. are acceptable tissue preservation and transportation methods due to minor effects on MSCs features.
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Saito H, Kato M, Hirai K, Kiyama M, Ohyama K, Hanzawa H, Nakane A, Sekiya S, Yoshida K, Kishino A, Tsuchida A, Kimura T, Takahashi J, Takeda S. Analysis of extracellular vesicles as a potential index for monitoring differentiation of neural lineage cells from induced pluripotent stem cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 132:381-389. [PMID: 34284947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To improve cell production efficacy, it is important to evaluate cell conditions during culture. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from various cells are involved in stem cell differentiation. As EVs carry information about their source cells, we hypothesized that they may serve as a noninvasive index of cell conditions. We evaluated changes in EV morphology, concentration, and microRNA (miRNA) and protein expression in culture supernatants during the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neural lineage cells, for application in regenerative medicine for Parkinson's disease. We observed EVs (50-150 nm) in culture supernatants of iPSCs and differentiated cells. The EVs expressed the exosome markers CD63, CD81, and CD9. Throughout differentiation, the EV concentration in the supernatants decreased, and EV miRNA and protein expression changed substantially. Especially, miR-106b, involved in neural stem cell differentiation and normal brain development, was considerably downregulated. CD63 expression correlated with the CORIN-positive cell rate, which is an index of differentiation. Thus, EV concentration and miRNA and protein expression may reflect the differentiation status of iPSCs. These findings pave the way for the development of novel and sensitive cell culture monitoring methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Saito
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Midori Kato
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kakuro Hirai
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kiyama
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kunio Ohyama
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hanzawa
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakane
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe KIMEC Center Building 5th Fl., 1-5-2 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sekiya
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe KIMEC Center Building 5th Fl., 1-5-2 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe KIMEC Center Building 5th Fl., 1-5-2 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kishino
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe KIMEC Center Building 5th Fl., 1-5-2 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tsuchida
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Office, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1 Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan
| | - Toru Kimura
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Office, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1 Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizu Takeda
- Center for Exploratory Research, Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Kobe Center for Medical Innovation Building 201, 6-3-5 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
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6
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Lin SC, Loza A, Antrim L, Talbot P. Video bioinformatics analysis of human pluripotent stem cell morphology, quality, and cellular dynamics. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1343-1359. [PMID: 34089307 PMCID: PMC8380446 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.15-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
StemCellQC is a video bioinformatics software tool for the quantitative analysis of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) colonies. Our objective was to use StemCellQC to evaluate and compare various experimental culture conditions, cell lines, and treatments and to demonstrate its applicability to PSC problems. Seven key features were identified that provided useful information on PSC morphology, dynamic behavior, and viability. Colony attachment was better on laminin‐521 than on Matrigel and Geltrex. Growth rates were similar on each matrix when data were normalized. The brightness/area ratio feature showed greater cell death in colonies grown on Matrigel and Geltrex than on laminin‐521 further contributing to an overall greater yield of cells on laminin‐521. Four different PSC culture media performed similarly; however, one medium produced batch‐to‐batch variation in colony morphology and dynamic features. Two embryonic and one induced pluripotent stem cell line showed significant differences in morphology, growth rates, motility, and death rates. Cells from the same vial that became phenotypically different in culture showed measurable differences in morphology, brightness, and motility. Likewise, differentiating and undifferentiated colonies varied in growth rate, intensity, and motility. Three pluripotent cell lines treated with a low concentration of cinnamaldehyde, a chemical used in consumer products, showed adverse effects and differed in their sensitivity to treatment. Our data demonstrate various applications of StemCellQC which could be used in basic and translational research, toxicological and drug testing, and clinical facilities engaged in stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina C Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Antonio Loza
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lauren Antrim
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Prue Talbot
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
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7
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The recent advances in the mathematical modelling of human pluripotent stem cells. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020; 2:276. [PMID: 32803125 PMCID: PMC7391994 DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for developments in regenerative medicine and drug design. The mathematical modelling of stem cells and their properties is necessary to understand and quantify key behaviours and develop non-invasive prognostic modelling tools to assist in the optimisation of laboratory experiments. Here, the recent advances in the mathematical modelling of hPSCs are discussed, including cell kinematics, cell proliferation and colony formation, and pluripotency and differentiation.
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8
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Quantification of the morphological characteristics of hESC colonies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17569. [PMID: 31772193 PMCID: PMC6879623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of the undifferentiated state in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is critical for further application in regenerative medicine, drug testing and studies of fundamental biology. Currently, the selection of the best quality cells and colonies for propagation is typically performed by eye, in terms of the displayed morphological features, such as prominent/abundant nucleoli and a colony with a tightly packed appearance and a well-defined edge. Using image analysis and computational tools, we precisely quantify these properties using phase-contrast images of hESC colonies of different sizes (0.1–1.1 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${{\bf{\text{mm}}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$\end{document}mm2) during days 2, 3 and 4 after plating. Our analyses reveal noticeable differences in their structure influenced directly by the colony area \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\boldsymbol{A}}$$\end{document}A. Large colonies (A > 0.6 mm2) have cells with smaller nuclei and a short intercellular distance when compared with small colonies (A < 0.2 mm2). The gaps between the cells, which are present in small and medium sized colonies with A ≤ 0.6 mm2, disappear in large colonies (A > 0.6 mm2) due to the proliferation of the cells in the bulk. This increases the colony density and the number of nearest neighbours. We also detect the self-organisation of cells in the colonies where newly divided (smallest) cells cluster together in patches, separated from larger cells at the final stages of the cell cycle. This might influence directly cell-to-cell interactions and the community effects within the colonies since the segregation induced by size differences allows the interchange of neighbours as the cells proliferate and the colony grows. Our findings are relevant to efforts to determine the quality of hESC colonies and establish colony characteristics database.
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9
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Mizuno M, Katano H, Shimozaki Y, Sanami S, Ozeki N, Koga H, Sekiya I. Time-lapse image analysis for whole colony growth curves and daily distribution of the cell number per colony during the expansion of mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16835. [PMID: 31728017 PMCID: PMC6856116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells from the synovium (synovial MSCs) are attractive for cartilage and meniscus regeneration therapy. We developed a software program that can distinguish individual colonies and automatically count the cell number per colony using time-lapse images. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of the software and analyzed colony formation in cultured synovial MSCs. Time-lapse image data were obtained for 14-day-expanded human synovial MSCs. The cell number per colony (for 145 colonies) was automatically counted from phase-contrast and nuclear-stained images. Colony growth curves from day 1 to day 14 (for 140 colonies) were classified using cluster analysis. Correlation analysis of the distribution of the cell number per colony at 14 days versus that number at 1–14 days revealed a correlation at 7 and 14 days. We obtained accurate cell number counts from phase-contrast images. Individual colony growth curves were classified into three main groups and subgroups. Our image analysis software has the potential to improve the evaluation of cell proliferation and to facilitate successful clinical applications using MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Katano
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Shimozaki
- Research & Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Sanami
- Research & Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Yushima, Tokyo, Japan.
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10
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Nishimura K, Ishiwata H, Sakuragi Y, Hayashi Y, Fukuda A, Hisatake K. Live-cell imaging of subcellular structures for quantitative evaluation of pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1777. [PMID: 30741960 PMCID: PMC6370783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have various degrees of pluripotency, which necessitates selection of PSCs with high pluripotency before their application to regenerative medicine. However, the quality control processes for PSCs are costly and time-consuming, and it is essential to develop inexpensive and less laborious selection methods for translation of PSCs into clinical applications. Here we developed an imaging system, termed Phase Distribution (PD) imaging system, which visualizes subcellular structures quantitatively in unstained and unlabeled cells. The PD image and its derived PD index reflected the mitochondrial content, enabling quantitative evaluation of the degrees of somatic cell reprogramming and PSC differentiation. Moreover, the PD index allowed unbiased grouping of PSC colonies into those with high or low pluripotency without the aid of invasive methods. Finally, the PD imaging system produced three-dimensional images of PSC colonies, providing further criteria to evaluate pluripotency of PSCs. Thus, the PD imaging system may be utilized for screening of live PSCs with potentially high pluripotency prior to more rigorous quality control processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Nishimura
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Ishiwata
- Optical Technology R&D Department 2, Optical System Development Division, Olympus Corporation, 67-4 Takakura-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0033, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakuragi
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yohei Hayashi
- iPS Cell Advanced Characterization and Development Team, Bioresource Research Center, RIKEN, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Aya Fukuda
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koji Hisatake
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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11
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Yoshida K, Okada M, Nagasaka R, Sasaki H, Okada M, Kanie K, Kato R. Time-course colony tracking analysis for evaluating induced pluripotent stem cell culture processes. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:209-217. [PMID: 30738731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the yield and maintaining a high quality of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is necessary for manufacturing iPSCs at the industrial scale. However, because iPSCs are delicate, it is important to evaluate their quality during processing. To examine the status of cultured iPSCs non-invasively, morphology-based iPSC colony evaluation may be an efficient technology for cellular status monitoring and analysis. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of time-course colony tracking analysis for evaluating the iPSC culture process. Particularly, we obtained detailed time-course data to evaluate the effect of the pipetting technique on cell dissociation before seeding. Although the pipetting process causes severe shear stress to cells, which affects their quality, these effects have not been quantitatively analyzed because of their complex and uncontrollable parameters. By analyzing the heterogeneity and time-course responses of individual colonies, our colony tracking analysis revealed a critically damaged population caused by pipetting stress which could not be detected in conventional bulk analysis. Moreover, by comprehensively analyzing colony tracking data, which links the time-course morphology and marker staining results with each colony, we found that colony morphology is only highly correlated with the undifferentiated marker in the final stage, with a lower correlation in the early stages. Thus, colony tracking analysis provides a way to quantify cellular morphological information when evaluating complex iPSC manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yoshida
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mika Okada
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Risako Nagasaka
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroto Sasaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mai Okada
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kei Kanie
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan; Stem Cell Evaluation Technology Research Association (SCA), Hacho-bori, Chuou-ku, Tokyo 104-0032, Japan; Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Division of Micro-Nano Mechatronics, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
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12
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Hayashi Y, Ohnuma K, Furue MK. Pluripotent Stem Cell Heterogeneity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1123:71-94. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11096-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Marklein RA, Lam J, Guvendiren M, Sung KE, Bauer SR. Functionally-Relevant Morphological Profiling: A Tool to Assess Cellular Heterogeneity. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:105-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Soleimani S, Mirzaei M, Toncu DC. A new method of SC image processing for confluence estimation. Micron 2017; 101:206-212. [PMID: 28804049 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells images are a strong instrument in the estimation of confluency during their culturing for therapeutic processes. Various laboratory conditions, such as lighting, cell container support and image acquisition equipment, effect on the image quality, subsequently on the estimation efficiency. This paper describes an efficient image processing method for cell pattern recognition and morphological analysis of images that were affected by uneven background. The proposed algorithm for enhancing the image is based on coupling a novel image denoising method through BM3D filter with an adaptive thresholding technique for improving the uneven background. This algorithm works well to provide a faster, easier, and more reliable method than manual measurement for the confluency assessment of stem cell cultures. The present scheme proves to be valid for the prediction of the confluency and growth of stem cells at early stages for tissue engineering in reparatory clinical surgery. The method used in this paper is capable of processing the image of the cells, which have already contained various defects due to either personnel mishandling or microscope limitations. Therefore, it provides proper information even out of the worst original images available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Soleimani
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mohsen Mirzaei
- Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Department of Engineering, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Dana-Cristina Toncu
- Kazakh-British Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 53 Tole-bi, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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15
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Nagasaka R, Matsumoto M, Okada M, Sasaki H, Kanie K, Kii H, Uozumi T, Kiyota Y, Honda H, Kato R. Visualization of morphological categories of colonies for monitoring of effect on induced pluripotent stem cell culture status. Regen Ther 2017; 6:41-51. [PMID: 30271838 PMCID: PMC6134894 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
From the recent advances, there are growing expectations toward the mass production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for varieties of applications. For such type of industrial cell manufacturing, the technology which can stabilize the production efficiency is strongly required. Since the present iPSC culture is covered by delicate manual operations, there are still quality differences in produced cells from same culture protocols. To monitor the culture process of iPSCs with the quantified data to evaluate the culture status, we here introduce image-based visualization method of morphological diversity of iPSC colonies. We have set three types of experiments to evaluate the influential factors in iPSC culture technique that may disturb the undifferentiation status of iPSC colonies: (Exp. 1) technical differences in passage skills, (Exp. 2) technical differences in feeder cell preparation, and (Exp. 3) technical differences in maintenance skills (medium exchange frequency with the combination of manual removal of morphologically irregular colonies). By measuring the all existing colonies from real-time microscopic images, the heterogenous change of colony morphologies in the culture vessel was visualized. By such visualization with morphologically categorized Manhattan chart, the difference between technical skills could be compared for evaluating appropriate cell processing. Morphological clustering enabled visualization of diversity of iPSC colonies. Morphological clustering can record and visualize the effects of culture skills. Comparison of culture skills reveals clue for designing automation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Nagasaka
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mai Okada
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroto Sasaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kei Kanie
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kii
- Nikon Corporation, Microscopic Solution Business Unit, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6290, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uozumi
- Nikon Corporation, Microscopic Solution Business Unit, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6290, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Kiyota
- Nikon Corporation, Microscopic Solution Business Unit, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6290, Japan.,Stem Cell Evaluation Technology Research Center (SCETRA), Hacho-bori, Chuou-ku, Tokyo 104-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.,Stem Cell Evaluation Technology Research Center (SCETRA), Hacho-bori, Chuou-ku, Tokyo 104-0032, Japan
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16
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Nagasaka R, Gotou Y, Yoshida K, Kanie K, Shimizu K, Honda H, Kato R. Image-based cell quality evaluation to detect irregularities under same culture process of human induced pluripotent stem cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:642-650. [PMID: 28189491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To meet the growing demand for human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for various applications, technologies that enable the manufacturing of iPSCs on a large scale should be developed. There are several technological challenges in iPSC manufacturing technology. Image-based cell quality evaluation technology for monitoring iPSC quality in culture enables the manufacture of intact cells for further applications. Although several studies have reported the effectiveness of image-based evaluation of iPSCs, it remains challenging to detect irregularities that may arise using the same processing operations during quality evaluation of automated processing. In this study, we investigated the evaluation performance of image-based cell quality analysis in detecting small differences that can result from human measurement, even when the same protocol is followed. To imitate such culture conditions, by image-analysis guided colony pickup, we changed the proportions of morphologically different subpopulations: "good morphology, regular morphology correlated with undifferentiation marker expression" and "bad morphology, irregular morphology correlated with loss of undifferentiation marker expression". In addition, comprehensive gene-expression and metabolomics analyses were carried out for the same samples to investigate performance differences. Our data shows an example of investigating the usefulness and sensitivity of quality evaluation methods for iPSC quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Nagasaka
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuto Gotou
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshida
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kei Kanie
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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17
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Parametric analysis of colony morphology of non-labelled live human pluripotent stem cells for cell quality control. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34009. [PMID: 27667091 PMCID: PMC5036041 DOI: 10.1038/srep34009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the difficulties inherent in maintaining human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in a healthy state, hPSCs should be routinely characterized using several established standard criteria during expansion for research or therapeutic purposes. hPSC colony morphology is typically considered an important criterion, but it is not evaluated quantitatively. Thus, we designed an unbiased method to evaluate hPSC colony morphology. This method involves a combination of automated non-labelled live-cell imaging and the implementation of morphological colony analysis algorithms with multiple parameters. To validate the utility of the quantitative evaluation method, a parent cell line exhibiting typical embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like morphology and an aberrant hPSC subclone demonstrating unusual colony morphology were used as models. According to statistical colony classification based on morphological parameters, colonies containing readily discernible areas of differentiation constituted a major classification cluster and were distinguishable from typical ESC-like colonies; similar results were obtained via classification based on global gene expression profiles. Thus, the morphological features of hPSC colonies are closely associated with cellular characteristics. Our quantitative evaluation method provides a biological definition of ‘hPSC colony morphology’, permits the non-invasive monitoring of hPSC conditions and is particularly useful for detecting variations in hPSC heterogeneity.
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18
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Imaging-cytometry revealed spatial heterogeneities of marker expression in undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 53:83-91. [PMID: 27573412 PMCID: PMC5258813 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a good model system for studying human development and are expected as a source for both cell-based medical and pharmaceutical research application. However, stable maintenance of undifferentiated hPSCs is yet challenging, and thus routine characterization is required. Flow-cytometry is one of the popular quantitative characterization tools for hPSCs, but it has drawback of spatial information loss of the cells in the culture. Here, we have applied a two-dimensional imaging cytometry that examines undifferentiated state of hPSCs to analyze localization and morphological information of immunopositive cells in the culture. The whole images of cells in a culture vessel were acquired and analyzed by an image analyzer, IN Cell Analyzer 2000, and determined staining intensity of the cells with their positional information. We have compared the expression of five hPSC-markers in four hPSC lines using the two-dimensional imaging cytometry and flow cytometry. The results showed that immunopositive ratios analyzed by the imaging cytometry had good correlation with those by the flow cytometry. Furthermore, the imaging cytometry revealed spatially heterogenic expression of hPSC-markers in undifferentiated hPSCs. Imaging cytometry is capable of reflecting minute aberrance without losing spatial and morphological information of the cells. It would be a powerful, useful, and time-efficient tool for characterizing hPSC colonies.
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19
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Kumagai A, Suga M, Yanagihara K, Itoh Y, Takemori H, Furue MK. A Simple Method for Labeling Human Embryonic Stem Cells Destined to Lose Undifferentiated Potency. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:275-81. [PMID: 26819254 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is a major source of cellular ATP. Its usage as an energy source varies, not only according to the extracellular environment, but also during development and differentiation, as indicated by the reported changes in the flux ratio of glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation. The fluorescent probe JC-1 allows visualization of changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential produced by oxidative phosphorylation. Strong JC-1 signals were localized in the differentiated cells located at the edge of H9 ES colonies that expressed vimentin, an early differentiation maker. The JC-1 signals were further intensified when individual adjacent colonies were in contact with each other. Time-lapse analyses revealed that JC-1-labeled H9 cells under an overconfluent condition were highly differentiated after subculture, suggesting that monitoring oxidative phosphorylation in live cells might facilitate the prediction of induced pluripotent stem cells, as well as ES cells, that are destined to lose their undifferentiated potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kumagai
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mika Suga
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Cultures, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kana Yanagihara
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Cultures, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumi Itoh
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemori
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho K Furue
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Cultures, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
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