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Guan L, Cai C, Cui J, Huang Y, Zhao J, Chen X, Jiang Q, Li Y. Effect of chitosan and CMCS on dentin after Er:YAG laser irradiation: shear bond strength and surface morphology analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:402. [PMID: 38553692 PMCID: PMC10979601 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) on dentin surface morphology and bonding strength after irradiation of Er:YAG laser. METHODS Eighty-four laser-irradiated dentin samples were randomly distributed into three groups (n = 28/group) according to different surface conditioning process: deionized water for 60s; 1wt% chitosan for 60s; or 1wt% CMCS for 60s. Two specimens from each group were subjected to TEM analysis to confirm the presence of extrafibrillar demineralization on dentin fibrils. Two specimens from each group were subjected to morphological analysis by SEM. Seventy-two specimens (n = 24/group) were prepared, with a composite resin cone adhered to the dentin surface, and were then randomly assigned to one of two aging processes: storage in deionized water for 24 h or a thermocycling stimulation. The shear bond strength of laser-irradiated dentin to the resin composite was determined by a universal testing machine. Data acquired in the shear bond strength test was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with the Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc test and Independent Samples t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS CMCS group presented demineralized zone and a relatively smooth dentin surface morphology. CMCS group had significantly higher SBS value (6.08 ± 2.12) without aging (p < 0.05). After thermal cycling, both chitosan (5.26 ± 2.30) and CMCS group (5.82 ± 1.90) presented higher bonding strength compared to control group (3.19 ± 1.32) (p < 0.05). Chitosan and CMCS group preserved the bonding strength after aging process (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CMCS has the potential to be applied in conjunction with Er:YAG laser in cavity preparation and resin restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxi Guan
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Jingheng Cui
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China.
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Sun G, Chen H, Wang H, Chen X, Wei F, Bai T, Zhu S. Effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation at different energy densities on dentin bond durability under simulated pulpal pressure. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:202. [PMID: 38453707 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the microstructures of dentin surfaces and the long-term bond strength of dentin under simulated pulpal pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Under simulated pulp pressure, 30 freshly extracted caries-free third molars were cut into 2-mm-thick dentin samples and then divided into five groups: the control and laser groups (93.3 J/cm2; 124.4 J/cm2; 155.5 J/cm2; 186.6 J/cm2). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and Vickers hardness were used to analyze the surface morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the dentin before and after laser irradiation. Another 80 caries-free third molars were removed and treated as described above, and the resin was bonded to the dentin surface with Single Bond Universal (SBU) adhesive in self-etch mode to make stick specimens. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and interfacial silver nanoleakage tests before and after 10,000 times thermocycling were then performed to analyze the bonding properties and interfacial durability of each group. RESULTS SEM observations revealed that the surfaces of all laser group specimens were rough with open dentin tubules. Laser irradiation altered the surface composition of dentin while removing some collagen fibers but did not affect its surface hardness or crystallographic characteristics. Furthermore, laser irradiation with an energy density of 124.4 J/cm2 significantly promoted the immediate and aging bond strengths and reduced nanoleakage compared to those of the control group. CONCLUSIONS Under simulated pulp pressure, Nd:YAG laser pretreatment altered the chemical composition of dentin and improved the immediate and long-term bond strength. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study investigated the optimal parameters for Nd:YAG laser pretreatment of dentin, which has potential as a clinical method to strengthen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdi Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
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Ramirez I, Bertolini GR, Candemil AP, Sousa-Neto MD, Souza-Gabriel AE. Chemical and morphological analysis of dentin irradiated by different high-power lasers: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:255. [PMID: 37932490 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review provides an overview of the main chemical and morphological alterations generated on dentin by different high-power lasers' irradiation. METHODS The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023394164) and PRISMA guidelines were followed. The search strategy was conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), and Web of Science (Clarivate) databases. The eligibility criteria were established according to the PICOS strategy, focusing on in vitro and ex vivo studies that assessed the chemical and morphological changes in dentin using five high-power lasers: Nd:YAG (1064 nm), Er:YAG (2940 nm), Er, Cr:YSGG (2780 nm), diode (980 nm), and CO2 (10,600 nm). Publication range was from 2010 to 2022. Data was summarized in tables and risk of bias was assessed by QUIN tool. RESULTS The search resulted in 2255 matches and 57 studies composed the sample. The methods most used to assess the outcomes were scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman. The studies presented "medium" and "low" risk of bias. The laser prevalently identified was the Er:YAG laser, associated with dentin ablation, absence of smear layer, and exposed tubules. The Nd:YAG laser generated vitreous surface and thermal damage, such as carbonization and cracks. The other lasers caused an irregular surface and no adverse thermal effects. Regarding the chemical structure, only the Er,Cr:YSGG laser caused collagen matrix reduction. The effects found were more intense with higher dosimetry. CONCLUSION Evidence available indicates that the irradiation of dentin with high-power lasers are related to morphological outcomes favorable to adhesive restorative procedures, with minimal changes in collagen matrix and mineral content. However, those observations should be carried carefully by clinicians and more clinical trials regarding the association of high-power laser irradiation and restorative procedure longevity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Ramirez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gunther R Bertolini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Candemil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Manoel D Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Aline E Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida do Café, s/n - USP's campus, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Wei D, Nakamoto A, Hiraishi N, Nakane A, Abuna G, Otsuki M, Shimada Y. Effect of Er: YAG laser irradiation with additional low energy on resin-dentin bonding and morphology of bonded interface. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105692. [PMID: 36753849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) and the resin-dentin interface on a laser-irradiated dentin surface using two different irradiation methods, with or without additional low-energy irradiation. METHODS The flat bovine dentin surface was divided into three groups: i). control group (C group, no irradiation), ii) 80 mJ/pulse Er: YAG laser group (80 group), iii) 80 + 30 mJ/pulse Er: YAG laser group (80 + 30 group, with an additional 30 mJ/pulse). After the roughness of the dentin surface was recorded, Clearfil SE Bond 2 or Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Tokyo, Japan) was applied. After the μTBS testing, the failure mode was observed. The bonded interface was assessed using Rhodamine-dye incorporated adhesives and observed by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS The dentin surface showed opened dentinal tubules without a smear layer after irradiation. For both adhesives, the μTBS was significantly higher in 80 + 30 group than in the 80 group (p < 0.05). In the 80 group, the thickness of the adhesive layer was not uniform, and the dentin surface was occasionally in direct contact with the composite resin. The failure mode images showed that most of the fractures in the 80 group were at the sub-surface of irradiated dentin. The adhesive layers of the 80 + 30 groups were homogeneous. CONCLUSIONS The dentin surface was rough and irregular by 80 mJ irradiation, which might result in an inadequate resin-dentin interface and the weak μTBS. The bonded integrity was mitigated by additional irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diantong Wei
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakamoto
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
| | - Akira Nakane
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Gabriel Abuna
- Foundational Sciences Department East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Chen L, Hontsu S, Komasa S, Yamamoto E, Hashimoto Y, Matsumoto N. Hydroxyapatite Film Coating by Er:YAG Pulsed Laser Deposition Method for the Repair of Enamel Defects. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7475. [PMID: 34885628 PMCID: PMC8659281 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There are treatments available for enamel demineralization or acid erosion, but they have limitations. We aimed to manufacture a device that could directly form a hydroxyapatite (HAp) film coating on the enamel with a chairside erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method for repairing enamel defects. We used decalcified bovine enamel specimens and compacted α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) as targets of Er:YAG-PLD. With irradiation, an α-TCP coating layer was immediately deposited on the specimen surface. The morphological, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of the coatings were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and a micro-Vickers hardness tester. Wear resistance, cell attachment of the HAp coatings, and temperature changes during the Er:YAG-PLD procedure were also observed. SEM demonstrated that the α-TCP powder turned into microparticles by irradiation. XRD peaks revealed that the coatings were almost hydrolyzed into HAp within 2 days. Micro-Vickers hardness indicated that the hardness lost by decalcification was almost recovered by the coatings. The results suggest that the Er:YAG-PLD technique is useful for repairing enamel defects and has great potential for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liji Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0008, Japan; (L.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Shigeki Hontsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Japan; (S.H.); (E.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Komasa
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0008, Japan;
| | - Ei Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Japan; (S.H.); (E.Y.)
| | - Yoshiya Hashimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata 573-1121, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 1-5-17 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0008, Japan; (L.C.); (N.M.)
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Kaviani A, Khansari Nejad N. Effect of Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser tooth conditioning on the microleakage of self-adhesive resin cement. Biomater Investig Dent 2021; 8:152-159. [PMID: 34693293 PMCID: PMC8530498 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2021.1990063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Statement of problem Recently, the application of lasers in restorative dentistry has been considered for cavity preparation and surface conditioning of enamel and dentin. However, the beneficial effects of cavity surface conditioning by laser irradiation on microleakage are still controversial. Purpose This study aimed to compare the microleakage of self-etch adhesive resin cement with Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser tooth surface conditioning to evaluate the capabilities of these lasers as a reliable replacement for etching cavities. Materials and methods Fifty-four class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 27 sound human premolar teeth. The samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 18): group 1: no conditioning; group 2: conditioned with Er:YAG laser (2940 nm, 10 Hz, 1.2 W); group 3: conditioned with Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 1.5 W, 10 Hz). All the cavities were filled with self-adhesive resin cement. After curing and polishing, the samples were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 24 h, and after being embedded in acrylic resin, they were sectioned longitudinally and examined under a stereomicroscope. The data were submitted to Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests (α = 0.05). Results The lowest microleakage mean rank was observed in the Er:YAG group (19.19), and the highest mean rank was noted in the Nd:YAG group (33.08), with significant differences between the three groups (P-value = .01). Pairwise comparisons demonstrated significant differences between the Er:YAG and Nd:YAG groups (P-value = .004) as well as Er:YAG and no conditioned groups (P-value =.022). Conclusion The irradiation of the Er:YAG laser (2940 nm, 10 Hz, 1.2 W) on cavity surface resulted in less marginal microleakage of self-etch adhesive resin cement restorations compared to Nd:YAG (1064 nm, 1.5 W, 10 Hz) and no conditioning groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Kaviani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Bolukbasi B, Kucukyilmaz E. Evaluation of the bond strengths of restorative materials to primary tooth dentin treated with different pulpotomy techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1309-1320. [PMID: 33754435 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of different pulpotomy techniques on the primary tooth dentin and to evaluate the effects of these pulpotomy methods on the shear bond strength of restorative materials to primary tooth dentin. Two hundred and forty dentin specimens were distributed randomly to the study groups as; control, ferric sulphate, Biodentine® , Nd:YAG laser, photobiomodulation, and atmospheric pressure cold plasma (APCP). After the application of pulpotomy methods, samples were again randomly divided to two restorative materials (glass hybrid and composite resin) (n = 20) and shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed. Then, 12 new dentin specimens were prepared for all groups for surface analysis. Surface examination (n = 12) and fracture analyses (n = 240) were carried out with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical significance range was accepted as α <.05 for all data. A statistically significant difference was obtained among all study groups for glass hybrid material as well as composite material (p <.05). While the highest mean SBS value was obtained with Nd:YAG laser (7.58 ± 0.60 MPa), the lowest value was observed with Biodentine® (6.70 ± 0.91 MPa; p = .001) for glass hybrid material. For composite material, the highest mean SBS value was calculated for Nd:YAG laser (13.79 ± 1.24 MPa), while the lowest value was obtained with ferric sulphate (10.17 ± 1.45 MPa; p = .001). Fracture modes were mainly adhesive and mixed type according to SEM analysis. Moreover, morphological changes were observed with SEM on the dentin surfaces of ferric sulphate, Biodentine® and Nd:YAG laser. Within the limitations of this study, Nd:YAG laser increased the shear bond strength values in groups of composite resin. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In this article, we report the results of the shear bonding strength test of two restorative materials (glass-hybrid vs. composite resin) to primary tooth dentin following the application of five different pulpotomy techniques (ferric sulfate, Biodentine® , Nd:YAG laser, photobiomodulation, and atmospheric pressure cold plasma) were reported. This article will contribute to the literature that there are considerably limited researches concerning the bond strength of glass hybrid to primary dentin and also atmospheric pressure cold plasma in pulpotomies. The SEM examination was performed in two stages in this study; the morphological changes in both treated dentin surfaces and the surfaces of the samples subjected to the shear bond strength test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Bolukbasi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Kucukyilmaz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Evaluation of bond strength of resin cement to Er:YAG laser-etched enamel and dentin after cementation of ceramic discs. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:447-454. [PMID: 32696424 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic discs luted to differently etched enamel and dentin surfaces. Occlusal surfaces of 64 carious-free human molars and vestibule surfaces of 64 first maxillary incisors were ground to get flat superficial dentin and flattened enamel respectively. After generating 4 groups according to the surface etching method (37% orthophosphoric acid, Er:YAG laser-contact handpiece/scanning handpiece (1 or 2 times of scanning)), ceramic discs were luted to the surfaces with adhesive resin cement (Variolink N, Vivadent Ets., Schaan/Liechtenstein). After etching and cementation, thermocycling of 5000 cycles (Sd Mechatronık Gmbh, Feldkirchen-Westerham, Germany) and SBS test (Servopulser EHFFD1; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) were performed respectively. The surface morphologies of 2 specimens, etched enamel and dentin, prepared for each group were examined with SEM analysis. Failure modes were determined under a USB digital microscope. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05). SBS values in dentin surfaces showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among tested groups. The highest SBS among dentin groups was determined in the group which had 2 times etching by Er:YAG laser (11.42 MPa) by a scanning handpiece. No statistical differences were observed in the other dentin or enamel groups. Laser etching seems to be a viable alternative to acid etching on both enamel and dentin surfaces while double etching of dentin with a scanning handpiece can improve the adhesion.
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Saade J, Skienhe H, Ounsi HF, Matinlinna JP, Salameh Z. Evaluation Of The Effect Of Different Surface Treatments, Aging And Enzymatic Degradation On Zirconia-Resin Micro-Shear Bond Strength. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:1-8. [PMID: 32021475 PMCID: PMC6954371 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s219705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on zirconia-resin bonding and the effect of aging on bond durability for one year. Method Three hundred and twenty zirconia blocks were divided into 4 equal study groups. Group 1 (control): as-sintered, group 2: (GB): grit-blasted, group 3: (LAS): laser-etched, group 4: (SIE): selective infiltration etching. Composite cylinders were bonded to the zirconia with resin cement and ceramic primer. Aging was performed following 3 different aging protocols: thermocycling, storage in distilled water, or storage in an enzymatic esterase solution. Micro-shear bond strength test (μSBS) was recorded using a universal testing machine. μSBS values were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Results GB, LAS and SIE groups showed significantly higher values when compared to control. Groups GB, LAS and SIE reported a significant decrease up to 50% in μSBS after water storage and enzymatic degradation, while control group reported a 90% decrease. Failure analysis showed mainly adhesive failure for control group, while the percentage of cohesive failure in resin cement was higher in SIE group compared to GB and LAS groups. Conclusion Water aging and esterase solutions played a significant role by increasing bond degradation. A minimum of one-year water and esterase storage medium should be used to evaluate the durability of the bond between resin cement and zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Saade
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani F Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Saade J, Skienhe H, Ounsi H, Matinlinna JP, Salameh Z. Effect of different combinations of surface treatment on adhesion of resin composite to zirconia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2019; 11:119-129. [PMID: 31213925 PMCID: PMC6549770 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s204986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment combinations on resin zirconia bonding. Materials and methods: One hundred and five pre-sintered zirconia quadrangles were prepared out of zirconia blocks, polished, then sintered and divided into five groups (n=21). Group I (control): samples were untreated, group II: grit-blasting with 50 µm alumina particles, group III: grit-blasting with 100 µm alumina particles, group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and group V: selective infiltration etching technique. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, a diffractometer, and a profilometer. Cylinders of composite resin were luted with Panavia resin composite cementand Clearfil ceramic primer. Shear bond strength (SBS) was determined using a universal testing machine. Results: SBS results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. The level of significance was set to 0.05. SBS values of the studied groups II, III, IV, and V were 16.2±1.8 MPa, 15.7±3.7 MPa, 14.8±3.4 MPa, and 16.8±3.0 MPa, respectively. All values were significantly higher than the control group (10.48±1.80 MPa), but without a significant difference between them. Group III exhibited the roughest surface, and Group I had a more significantly reduced surface roughness value than any other group. Group III presented the highest significant increase of tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation (13%). Conclusion: The use of grit-blasting with greater particles size enhanced SBS with resin composite cement, but induced a higher amount of monoclinic phase transformation. The use of primer based on adhesive monomer with the resin cement is required to enhance the bonding efficiency. The use of laser enhanced the surface roughness and the bonding ability to zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Saade
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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