1
|
Nuytens P, Grande F, D'haese R, Salameh Z, Lepidi L. Novel complete-arch pillar system (CAPS) to register implant position and maxillomandibular relationship in one single visit. J Dent 2024; 143:104885. [PMID: 38346663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article presents a novel complete-arch pillar system (CAPS) to register implant position and maxillomandibular relationship in one single visit for implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs). MATERIAL AND METHODS The novel system presents a 3-unit toolset comprising intraoral scan bodies (ISBs), lateral pillar attachments (LPAs) and occlusal pillar attachments (OPAs). A 2-stage single visit workflow by an intraoral scanner (Trios 5) was introduced. The first stage "Screw-Scan-Done" was used to describe complete-arch intraoral implant scanning using LPAs. The second stage "Screw-Occlude-Done" involved virtual occlusal recording using OPAs. Two patients with one single edentulous arch were selected for this study. In the first patient, 6 bone level implants (Bone Level Tapered, Straumann) were placed in the edentulous maxilla at positions 12, 14, 16, 22, 24 and 26. In the second patient, 4 bone level implants (NobelActive CC, Nobel Biocare) were placed in the edentulous mandible at positions 32, 35, 42 and 45. A CAD-CAM procedure was initiated with the acquired IOS data to fabricate an interim IFCDP at the same day. Periapical radiographs were obtained of the implant-prosthetic connection of the definitive IFCDPs to verify the passive fit. Metrology software (Geomagic Qualify, 3D Systems - Matlab, Mathworks) was used to assess the implant analogs position in the 3D-printed casts used for fabricating the definitive IFCDPs. A quantitative occlusal relationship analysis was performed with IOS. RESULTS Radiographic examination revealed no gaps at implant-prosthetic connection of the definitive IFCDPs. The 3D-printed casts showed an overall average distance deviation within the clinically acceptable range of errors of 150 µm. Quantitative occlusal relationship analysis with IOS showed well-distributed contacts. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) A 3-unit toolset with ISBs, LPAs and OPAs allows to register the implant position and maxillomandibular relationship in one single visit; (2) the 2-stage clinical workflow with the CAPS system facilitates the IOS data acquisition for fabrication of an interim IFCDP at the same day; (3) a passive fit was demonstrated for the interim and the definitive IFCDPs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The CAPS system can help clinicians to register the implant position and the maxillomandibular relationship in one single visit for the fabrication of an IFCDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Nuytens
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Francesco Grande
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Rani D'haese
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Professor and Director, Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Luca Lepidi
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Naffah N, Ounsi H, Ozcan M, Salameh Z. Evaluation of the Color Stability of Three Resin-Ceramic Materials Using a Spectrophotometer and a Digital Photography Software. Contemp Clin Dent 2024; 15:44-50. [PMID: 38707666 PMCID: PMC11068248 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_656_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin ceramics allow easier milling than glass ceramics but are suspected to be more stainable. Although Photoshop® is widely used for picture analysis, its potential for shade selection has not been properly assessed. Aim Purpose primary: To evaluate the color stability of three CAD/CAM resin ceramics and Lithium Disilicate. Secondary: to compare the color evaluation between a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade compact) and Photoshop software. Materials and Methods Three CAD/CAM resin ceramic materials (n = 10) and a fourth group of lithium disilicate were used. Half of each group were thermocycled (5°C and 55°C; 3000 cycles). All samples were immersed in colored beverages (coffee, tea and red wine) for 30 days. Values were obtained by spectrophotometry and photographs analyzed using Photoshop software. The parameters measured were CIEL*a*b, and the color difference (ΔE) was analyzed. A mixed model test was used to compare the results through time and materials (α = 0.05). The comparison between the spectrophotometer and Photoshop results was performed using the bivariate Pearson's correlation test. Results Lithium disilicate glass ceramic exhibited less color change (ΔE = 14) than resin ceramics (15.7 < ΔE < 18.7). The least change was noted with GC Cerasmart (ΔE = 15.7) followed by Vita Enamic (ΔE = 17*) and Brilliant Crios (ΔE = 18.7*). Spectrophotometer and Photoshop values showed low correlations. Conclusions Resin ceramics may suffer from color change in clinical use. Photoshop is technique sensitive; pictures are easily affected by the light conditions and camera settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Naffah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Mutlu Ozcan
- University of Zurich, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hartley O, Shanbhag T, Smith D, Grimm A, Salameh Z, Tadakamadla SK, Alifui-Segbaya F, Ahmed KE. The Effect of Stacking on the Accuracy of 3D-Printed Full-Arch Dental Models. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:5465. [PMID: 36559832 PMCID: PMC9782610 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of stacking on the dimensional and full-arch accuracy of 3D-printed models, utilising a standardised assessment methodology. A previously validated methodology involving a standard tessellation language image (STL) reference model, comprising seven spheres on a horseshoe base resembling a dental arch, was used. Six 3D-designed STL models were prepared, optimised, and stacked horizontally using 3D Sprint software. The stacking file was transferred to the NextDent 5100 printer to build the physical models. To assess accuracy, a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measured the diameter of the spheres n=210, and twenty-one vectors extended between the centres of each of the seven spheres (n = 630). When compared to the reference model, significant differences were observed for dimensional (p = 0.006) and full-arch accuracy (p = 0.006) for all stacked models. Additionally, significant differences were observed between the stacked models for the dimensional accuracy between the posterior (p = 0.015), left posterior (p = 0.005) and anteroposterior (p = 0.002). The maximum contraction was observed in the fourth stacked model, which demonstrated the highest median deviation and least precision within the full-arch (MD = 666 μm, IQR = 55 μm), left posterior (MD = 136 μm, IQR = 12 μm), posterior (MD = 177 μm, IQR = 14 μm) and anteroposterior (MD = 179 μm, IQR = 16 μm) arch segments. In general, the anterior and left posterior arch segments recorded the highest contractions with a median deviation of 34 μm and 29 μm, and precision of 32 μm and 22 μm, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the stacked models in terms of dimensional accuracy that were within clinically acceptable thresholds. The greatest contraction was noted in the fourth model, displaying the least full-arch accuracy compared to the other models. Stacked, additively manufactured, full arch models are a viable alternative for diagnostic, orthodontic, and single-unit prosthodontic applications. In contrast, caution should be exercised when utilising stacked models for full arch high accuracy prosthodontic applications. Further research is needed to assess the impact of additional variables including different printers and resins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olan Hartley
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Ian O’Connor Building (G40), Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Tanvi Shanbhag
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Ian O’Connor Building (G40), Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Derek Smith
- Advanced Design and Prototyping Technologies Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Antonio Grimm
- Advanced Design and Prototyping Technologies Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Santosh K. Tadakamadla
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia
- Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia
| | - Frank Alifui-Segbaya
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Ian O’Connor Building (G40), Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Khaled E. Ahmed
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Ian O’Connor Building (G40), Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Assi SB, Macari A, Hanna A, Aybout J, Salameh Z. Comparison between Pre and Posttreatment Inclination of Maxillary Incisors in Adults: Association with Facial and Growth Axes. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:344-348. [PMID: 36687003 PMCID: PMC9855265 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_158_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the study is to evaluate the orthodontic treatment effect on maxillary incisors' inclination relative to facial and growth axes in adult subjects. Materials and Methods Hundred consecutive nongrowing orthodontic patients with an average age of 26.24 ± 9.29 years were selected, and their T1 (initial) and T2 (final) lateral cephalograms were digitized. Cephalometric maxillary incisors' (I) inclination was measured to SN, PP, NA, NBa, and true horizontal (H). Facial and growth axes' inclinations were measured relative to NBa and H. Associations were tested using Chi-square tests for categorical data. Paired sample t-tests and Pearson's correlation were computed for continuous data. Results Maxillary incisors' inclination, MP/SN, and ANB angle did not show statistically significant differences between T1 and T2, while mandibular incisors' inclination and interincisal angle increased significantly (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). Facial and growth axes increased at T2 but changes were not statistically significant among the two groups. At T1, correlations between maxillary incisors' inclination and facial/growth axes were not statistically significant. Similarly, correlations between MP/SN and ANB angles on the one hand and facial/growth axes on the another hand were not statistically significant. At T2, I/PP correlated significantly with facial axis (FA)/NBa (r = 0.308; P = 0.002) and with FA/H (r = 0.268; P = 0.007). Similarly, I/SN and I/NBa correlated significantly with FA/NBa (r = 0.399; P < 0.0001 and r = 0.422; P < 0.0001 correspondingly) and with FA/H (r = 0.305; P = 0.002 and r = 0.325; P = 0.001 correspondingly). Statistically significant negative correlations existed between MP/SN angle and facial/growth axes at T2 (r values ranging -0.704 to -0.409 at P < 0.0001). Conclusions While there was no correlation between I and facial/growth axes at pretreatment, significant and higher correlations existed at the end of the orthodontic treatment. This association reflects the connection between the corrected posttreatment position of maxillary incisors relative to the corresponding vertical pattern. Therefore, orthodontists should evaluate the position of the maxillary incisors to FA and may consider it in their treatment objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Bou Assi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Macari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Hanna
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Josephine Aybout
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tawil G, Tawil P, Salameh Z. Implant Placement Lateral to the Inferior Alveolar Nerve: Selective Indications and Treatment Outcomes-A Case Series. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2022; 43:497-503. [PMID: 36170629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Replacement of missing posterior mandibular teeth in severely atrophied jaws can be quite challenging. Various treatment options have been proposed for the rehabilitation of the deficient posterior mandible with implant-supported prostheses. Depending on the clinical situation, it may be feasible to place implants lateral to the inferior alveolar nerve, which represents a viable treatment option under the proper circumstances. This article defines the indications and limitations of this approach and presents the treatment planning and surgical management of three selected cases and their outcomes 1 to 5 years after implant loading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georges Tawil
- Professor Emeritus, St. Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon; Private Practice, Beirut Dental Specialists Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Peter Tawil
- Private Practice, Beirut Dental Specialists Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon; Member, American Board of Periodontology
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Professor, Director of the Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Assi SB, Salameh Z, Hanna A, Aybout J, Macari A. Orthodontic Treatment Effect on Inclination of Maxillary Incisors and Growth Axes in Adult Patients with Various Mandibular Divergent Patterns. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22:1008-1013. [PMID: 35000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate, in an adult population, the effect of orthodontic treatment on the inclination of maxillary incisors, facial, and growth axes in different mandibular divergence pattern. In addition, we aimed to determine if there is an association between the inclination of the maxillary incisors and facial and growth axes and if this association will change after orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two-hundred and thirty-eight consecutive lateral cephalograms (119 at T1 and 119 at T2) of adult patients with an average age of 26.45 ± 9.11 years at T1 and 29.58 ± 9.36 at T2 were selected and digitized. Cephalometric maxillary incisors (I) inclination was measured to cranial base (SN), palatal plane (PP), nasion-A point (NA), nasion-basion (NBa), and true horizontal (H). Facial (FA) and growth (GA) axes' inclinations were measured relative to NBa and H. The sample was stratified in three subgroups based on cephalometric mandibular divergence to anterior SN (MP/SN). A-Hypodivergent = MP/SN ≤27° (n = 28); B-Normodivergent = 27 < MP/SN < 37° (n = 49); C-Hyperdivergent = MP/SN ≥37° (n = 42). Associations were tested using Chi-square tests for categorical data. Paired sample t-tests and Pearson's correlation were computed for continuous data. RESULTS At T1, there was a tendency to have more proclined I in group A (I/SN = 105.59 ± 10.8°) and more retroclined in group C (I/SN = 99.06 ± 12.04°) with no statistical significance. However, at T2, maxillary incisors were statistically significant different between groups A and C (p = 0.002). Pre-treatment FA and GA were statistically significantly different among the three divergence groups (p <0.0001) with more increased angles in the group A (FA/Nba = 92.77 ± 5.07°) vs group C (FA/Nba = 86.28 ± 5.08°). This angle increases around 2° on average at posttreatment assessment (group A-p = 0.033; group B-p = 0.002). Correlations between I and facial/growth axes were not statistically significant at T1, whereas at T2 those correlations were higher and statistically significant between I/PP to FA/NBa (r = 0.408; p ≤0.0001). CONCLUSION Correlations between the maxillary incisors' inclination and the facial/growth axes were not statistically significant initially whereas after orthodontic treatment, those correlations were higher and statistically significant. Differences in FA existed between pre- and postorthodontic groups in all divergence groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Orthodontists should assess the inclination of the maxillary incisors, not only to the maxilla and anterior SN but also to FA and take it into consideration in their treatment objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Bou Assi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961-3-461944, e-mail:
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Director of Research Centers, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Hanna
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Josephine Aybout
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Macari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Corbani K, Hardan L, Eid R, Skienhe H, Alharbi N, Ozcan M, Salameh Z. Fracture Resistance of Three-unit Fixed Dental Prostheses Fabricated with Milled and 3D Printed Composite-based Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22:985-990. [PMID: 35000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the fracture resistance of three-unit fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) made of composite, high-density polymers (HDP), fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), and metal-ceramic (MC) using different fabrication methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS A typodont model was prepared to receive a three-unit FDP replacing a missing second maxillary premolar. The prepared model was digitally scanned using an intraoral scanner (Trios3, 3Shape, Denmark). In total, 60 FDPs were fabricated and divided into four groups (n = 15) according to the materials and fabrication method: the subtractive method was used for the FRC (Trilor, Bioloren, Italy) and the HDP (Ambarino, Creamed, Germany) groups; the HDP group was monolithic, whereas the FRC group was layered with a nanocomposite (G-aenial Sculpt, GC). The additive method was used for the 3D printed (3DP) nanocomposite (Irix Max, DWS, Italy) and the Cr-Co (Starbond CoS powder 30) infrastructure of the MC groups. The FDPs were adhesively seated on stereolithography (SLA) fabricated dies. All samples were subjected to thermomechanical loading and fracture testing. The data for maximum load (N) to fracture was statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Games-Howell post hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The MC group reported the highest fracture resistance with a statistically significant difference (2390.87 ± 166.28 N) compared to other groups. No significance was noted between 3DP and HDP groups (1360.20 ± 148.15 N and 1312.27 ± 64.40 N, respectively), while the FRC group displayed the lowest value (839.07 ± 54.30 N). The higher frequency of nonrepairable failures was observed in the MC and FRC groups, while HDP and 3DP groups reported a high frequency of repairable failures. CONCLUSION Significant differences were found in fracture resistance between the tested groups. The load-bearing capacity of the composite-based FPDs exceeded the range of maximum chewing forces. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE 3D printed and milled composite-based materials might offer a suitable solution for the fabrication of FPDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Corbani
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon; Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon, Phone: +961-3-377797, e-mail:
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita Eid
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nawal Alharbi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, School of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutlu Ozcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, University of Zürich, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baghdadi I, AbuTarboush BJ, Zaazou A, Skienhe H, Özcan M, Zakhour M, Salameh Z. Investigation of the structure and compressive strength of a bioceramic root canal sealer reinforced with nanomaterials. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211014747. [PMID: 34283662 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211014747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A root canal sealer that can increase the resistance of endodontically treated teeth to compressive strength would be of great advantage. The purpose of this study is to use three different nanoparticles: multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), Titanium carbides (TC), and Boron nitrides (BN) into a bioceramic adhesive root canal sealer; BioRoot™ RCS, in an attempt to improve its structural and compressive strength properties. METHODS Three composites of two weight fractions (1- and 2-wt.%) were produced by mixing each nanomaterial separately with a pre-weighed mass of Bioroot powder. The microstructural properties and compressive strength of the different hardened composites obtained were investigated. The composites have been characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Compression testing was performed. RESULTS The 1-wt.% composites, Bioroot/MWCNTs, and Bioroot/TC, except for the one reinforced with BN, displayed a significant improvement in the compressive strength compared to pristine BioRoot™ RCS. The 2-wt.% composites showed no significant improvement in the compressive strength. CONCLUSION The addition of 1-wt.% MWCNTs and TC nanomaterials can be considered in the future for enhancing the microstructure and compressive strength properties of pristine BioRoot™ RCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inaam Baghdadi
- Doctorate School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Belal J AbuTarboush
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, King Abdel Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University
| | - Ashraf Zaazou
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Energy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, University of Zürich, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirvat Zakhour
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials (LCPM), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baghdadi I, AbuTarboush B, Zaazou A, Skienhe H, Özcan M, Zakhour M, Salameh Z. Effect of sintering temperature on the physiochemical properties, microstructure, and compressive strength of a bioceramic root canal sealer reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and titanium carbide. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 119:104524. [PMID: 33895663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bioceramic root canal sealers like BioRoot RCS have received significant attention for use in endodontics. The addition of a nanophase material like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and titanium carbide (TC) to its matrix combined with pressureless sintering might have the potential for improved physiochemical, microstructure, and compressive strength properties. METHOD ology: MWCNTs and TC nanomaterials were added at a percentage of 1 wt% to a definite weight of pristine BioRoot RCS. Two composites were prepared by ball milling followed by pressureless sintering in static nitrogen at temperatures 600 °C and 800 °C. The setting time, solubility, pH, compressive strength, and density were determined and compared to pristine BioRoot RCS. The microstructural properties of the composites were investigated by XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM. RESULTS The final setting time before and after sintering at 600 °C of the composites was accelerated compared to Bioroot RCS (p = 0.016). The solubility of Bioroot/TC sintered at 600 °C was the lowest (p = 0.07) and its compressive strength was the highest among the sintered samples (p = 0.01). The incorporation of MWCNTs and TC had a significant increase in the compressive strength of Bioroot RCS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The obtained results support the addition of nanomaterials to Bioroot RCS and the use of pressureless sintering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inaam Baghdadi
- Doctorate School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Lebanon; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon.
| | - BelalJ AbuTarboush
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Energy, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Ashraf Zaazou
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, King Abdel Aziz University, Saudi Arabia; Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- PhD Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, University of Zürich, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirvat Zakhour
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials (LCPM), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Houmani M, Nader N, Salameh Z, Berberi A. Alveolar Ridge Preservation in the Esthetic Maxillary Zone: Tuberosity Punch Technique of Gingiva and Bone: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22:290-297. [PMID: 34210931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This paper aims to present an alveolar ridge preservation technique, using an autologous punch formed of hard and soft tissues harvested from the tuberosity area. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten residual sockets in the anterior maxilla were filled with a punch of hard and soft tissues harvested from the tuberosity area. Clinical and radiographical data were collected at the surgical extraction time 0 (T0) and 5 months during implant placement (T1), from clinical and radiological measurements using cone-beam computed tomography scans and periapical radiographs. Core biopsy was harvested during implant placement for histological and histomorphometrical analysis. RESULTS Clinically, the alveolar ridge presented a mean width of 10.3 mm before extraction which decreased to 8.85 mm at T1, where the mean horizontal loss is 1.45 mm (standard deviation [SD] 1.03 mm). The initial ridge mean height was 11.25 mm and increased to 12.85 mm after 5 months, where the mean vertical gain is 1.6 mm (SD 0.65 mm). The radiological evaluation shows a reduction in the horizontal dimension with a mean of 1 mm; however, the sockets show stability in the vertical dimensions. Histology showed a new lamellar bone formation with some areas of woven bone. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the percentage of new bone formed was 42.44 ± 5.54% and 48.62 ± 8.66% of the connective tissue and 8.94 ± 5.28% of the residual autogenous bone. CONCLUSION At T1, the extraction sockets showed significantly lower vertical and horizontal bone changes, compared to T0. The described preservation punch technique resulted in greater stability in the horizontal and vertical dimensions after 5 months. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinical and radiological results show that the punch of hard and soft tissue graft reduces hard and soft tissue dimensional alteration after tooth extraction. In addition, using autogenous bone showed histological new bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Houmani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nabih Nader
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Berberi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eid R, Tribst JPM, Juloski J, Özcan M, Salameh Z. Effect of material types on the fracture resistance of maxillary central incisors restored with CAD/CAM post and cores. Int J Comput Dent 2021; 24:41-51. [PMID: 34006062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure pattern of endodontically treated teeth with post and cores made of different CAD/CAM materials in comparison with cast post and cores. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 maxillary central incisors were divided into four groups. Post and cores were fabricated using the following materials: fiber-reinforced composite, high-density polymer, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, and nonprecious metal alloy as a control group. Specimens were covered with lithium disilicate crowns and subjected to thermomechanical cyclic loading followed by fracture resistance testing until failure. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison tests were used to determine significant differences between the four groups. The significance level was set at 0.05. 3D finite element analysis was then performed, and results were analyzed based on the von Mises stress distribution criteria and the maximum principal stress for the possible failure areas. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in the fracture resistance between the four groups. In terms of unrestorable failures, no significant differences were found among the tested groups. CONCLUSION The tested post and cores have comparable fracture resistance to that of metallic cast post and cores in the anterior region. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Post and cores made of CAD/CAM materials offer an acceptable alternative for the restoration of anterior teeth.
Collapse
|
12
|
Choubaya C, Chahine N, Aoun G, Anil S, Zalloua P, Salameh Z. Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in Periodontitis Over Established Diabetes: an Experimental Study in Rats. Med Arch 2021; 75:436-443. [PMID: 35169371 PMCID: PMC8802681 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.436-443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia ensuing from deficiencies in insulin action, secretion, or both. Hyperglycemia has wide-ranging molecular and cellular effects, leading to oxidative stress, up-regulation of pro-inflammatory responses, and vascular changes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expressions of inflammatory markers involved in periodontal destructive process occurring in diabetes, periodontitis (PD), and both coexisting conditions. Methods: A rat model was carried out using streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with teeth ligature to mimic periodontitis. The animals were distributed randomly into seven groups (n=12) and treated for 10 weeks with alternation between diabetes and PD. The relative quantification analysis of inflammatory markers expression: CRP, MMP-2-14, TIMP-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, was performed at the end of the experiments using western blot after protein isolation from periodontal tissue surrounding the ligation. Results: The data showed that CRP, MMP-2, MMP-14, TIMP-2, and IFN-γ are involved in the process of periodontal inflammation associated with diabetes. A significant increase (p<0.05) in the expression of inflammatory markers was detected when PD is associated with preexisting diabetes in comparison with diabetes superimposed on preexisting PD. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that already established diabetes worsens periodontitis more than diabetes upcoming on existing periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Choubaya
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Georges Aoun
- Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Health Institute Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Masri G, Mortada R, Hatoum K, Al Harbi N, Boulos P, Salameh Z. Evaluation of the Adaptation of Complete Dentures Fabricated Using Intraoral Scanning and Conventional Techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020; 21:1384-1388. [PMID: 33893263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to digitally analyze the 3-dimensional variations existing between conventional impressions and intraoral scans made in edentulous maxillae. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten (n = 10) edentulous maxillae of patients seeking a maxillary complete denture were scanned using an intraoral scanner. The same participants were subject to the conventional impression procedure for the fabrication of maxillary complete dentures. The dentures' intaglio surfaces were scanned and superimposed over their corresponding IOS files with a 2-base best-fit alignment. Deviation analyses were calculated using the digital subtraction technique. Four anatomical regions were preselected to evaluate the deviations at these sites (posterior palatal seal, anterior border seal, the crest of the ridge and palate). RESULTS Based on the results and color maps of all selected regions, the overall difference between the two scans [IOS and denture intaglio surface scanning (DISS)] was not significant. The IOS technique allowed for predictable outcomes of treatment compared to those observed with conventional impression. The palatal area seems to be the region with the least deviation, while the highest incidence of discrepancy was reported in the anterior border seal. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the IOS technique allowed the capturing of intraoral tissues and their immediate interpretation and transfer to a designing software making the impression procedure faster and easier. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies can help overcome many limitations related to conventional impressions and therefore should be well investigated to improve the edentulous patient's quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Masri
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +9613620654, e-mail:
| | - Rola Mortada
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kinda Hatoum
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nawal Al Harbi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Boulos
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
El Ghoul W, Salameh Z. Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Lithium Disilicate Endocrowns Fabricated By Heat-Pressable and Subtractive Techniques. J Prosthodont 2020; 30:509-514. [PMID: 33038279 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and to compare the marginal and the internal fit of milled (MLE) and heat-pressed lithium disilicate endocrowns (PLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty mandibular molars were prepared following the circumferential butt margin endocrown preparations; the cervical margin is parallel to the occlusal surface without ferrule design. A digital scan of molars was made using an intraoral digital scanner. The samples were separated into two groups (n = 15 per group); MLE: endocrowns were milled using LDS blocks and a 5-axis milling machine, PLE: endocrowns were heat-pressed using lost wax technique and LDS ingots. Marginal and internal adaptation were assessed using a replica technique and a stereomicroscope, selecting 32 measurements on each endocrown. Data were analyzed with one-way repeated measures ANOVA, two-way repeated measures ANOVA, student's t-test and paired student t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Statistically significant interactions were recorded between fabrication technique and region (p < 0.05), F (1.97, 27.69) = 5.462. Group MLE displayed significantly smaller gaps than PLE in all regions (p < 0.001). The largest gap was observed at the pulpal floor in both groups. The internal gap was significantly larger than the marginal gap in MLE group (p < 0.001), while no statistically significant difference was observed in PLE group (p = 0.082). CONCLUSION Heat-pressed and milled lithium disilicate endocrowns are clinically suitable, but the milled technique displayed a better fit than heat-pressed technique when marginal and internal adaptation were examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Ghoul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Baghdadi I, Zaazou A, Tarboush B, Zakhour M, Özcan M, Salameh Z. Physiochemical properties of a bioceramic-based root canal sealer reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, titanium carbide and boron nitride biomaterials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103892. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess fracture resistance, failure mode and stress concentration of a modified endocrown preparation design, under axial and lateral forces. Materials and Methods Forty lower molars were divided into two groups (n = 20) and were restored with lithium disilicate glass-ceramic endocrowns following 2 preparation designs: Conventional, with circumferential butt margin 2 mm above the cemento–enamel junction; and Modified, by adding 2 grooves on the mesial side of the vestibular dentinal wall and on the distal side of the lingual dentinal wall. After cementation and thermomechanical cycling loading, half of the samples (n = 10) from each group were loaded axially and the other half (n = 10) was loaded laterally. Fracture resistance and failure modes were observed and the finite element analysis (FEA) was used to identify the stress concentration. Two-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests (α = 0.05) were used for in vitro data analyzes. Results Fracture resistance showed a statistically significant difference between conventional and modified preparations (p < .001), and between axial and lateral loadings (p < .001). Conventional preparation recorded 2914 N under axial loading and 1516 N under lateral loading, while modified preparation recorded 3329 N under axial loading and 1871 N under lateral loading. FEA showed that retention grooves have reduced the stress concentration under both loads for the tooth and the restoration. Conclusion Modified endocrown design showed higher fracture resistance than conventional endocrown. Lateral loading displayed a high percentage of severe fracture but under higher load to failure than the values reported for normal masticatory forces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Ghoul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Centre of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joao Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bou Assi S, Macari A, Hanna A, Tarabay R, Salameh Z. Cephalometric Evaluation of Maxillary Incisors Inclination, Facial, and Growth Axes in Different Vertical and Sagittal Patterns: An Original Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:292-299. [PMID: 32802775 PMCID: PMC7402251 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_60_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclination of the maxillary incisors (I), facial axis (FA), and growth axis (GA) in different vertical and sagittal patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 498 consecutive orthodontic patients, with an average age of 18.87 years (range = 5-63 years), were grouped based on their vertical and sagittal patterns. Maxillary incisors, FA, and GA axes were traced and their corresponding angles to nasion-basion and true horizontal lines were measured. The sample was divided into three groups based on the mandibular divergence (mandibular plane-MP/sella-nasion [SN]): Group 1-hypodivergent pattern (MP/SN ≤ 27; n = 30), Group 2-normodivergent pattern (27 < MP/SN <37; n = 254), and Group 3-hyperdivergent pattern (MP/SN ≥ 37; n = 214); the sample was then divided into three groups based on the sagittal pattern (ANB, angle between points A, Nasion and B): Group I-skeletal CLI (Class I) (0 RESULTS FA/nasion-basion (NBa) and GA/NBa were different among the vertical groups (P < 0.001). FA/NBa was found significantly different in the sagittal groups, whereas GA/NBa was only different between CLII and CLIII groups. Compensation in maxillary incisors' inclination was present in the sagittal groups, but not in the vertical ones. CLI patients when stratified in vertical groups showed FA/NBa and GA/NBa to be different across the three vertical groups. CONCLUSION FA/NBa was found different in the vertical and the sagittal groups. Maxillary incisors compensation was only found in the sagittal and not in the vertical groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Bou Assi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Lebanese University & American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Macari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Lebanese University & American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Hanna
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Lebanese University & American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Tarabay
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Lebanese University & American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Masri G, Mortada R, Ounsi H, Alharbi N, Boulos P, Salameh Z. Adaptation of Complete Denture Base Fabricated by Conventional, Milling, and 3-D Printing Techniques: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020; 21:367-371. [PMID: 32584270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the adaptation of complete denture base (CDB) manufactured by three different techniques: conventional, milling, and three-dimensional (3-D) printing. MATERIALS AND METHODS A master cast was duplicated to create 60 gypsum casts. Twenty casts (n = 20) were attributed to each group. In the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) groups (milling and 3-D printing), the 40 gypsum casts reserved for these two groups were scanned. An STL file was obtained and a master CDB was designed and then fabricated according to each technique. In the conventional group, a polyvinyl siloxane putty mold was obtained from the milled CDB, and this mold was used to fabricate 20 conventional denture bases by compression molding using the silicon-gypsum technique in a bronze flask. The inner surfaces of the obtained 60 CDB were scanned and superimposed over their corresponding master cast. Deviation analyses were calculated using digital subtraction technique. Five functional areas (posterior palatal seal, anterior border seal, crest of the ridge, maxillary tuberosities, and palate) were selected to evaluate the variations in CBD adaptation. RESULTS Based on the results and color maps of all selected regions, milling technique offers the best adaptation. The crest of ridge in the conventional technique showed the least adaptation and the posterior palatal seal in the 3-D printing technique showed the best adaptation. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the CAD/CAM fabrication techniques seem to offer better adaptation of CDB compared to the conventional fabrication technique. Milled CDBs presented the most homogeneous distribution of adaptation, yet the 3-D printing process seems a promising techniques that needs to be addressed and perfected. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The CAD/CAM technologies can help overcome many limitations related to conventional impressions and therefore should be well investigated to improve the edentulous patient's quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Masri
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961 3620654, e-mail:
| | - Rola Mortada
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nawal Alharbi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Boulos
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saade J, Skienhe H, Ounsi HF, Matinlinna JP, Salameh Z. Evaluation Of The Effect Of Different Surface Treatments, Aging And Enzymatic Degradation On Zirconia-Resin Micro-Shear Bond Strength. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:1-8. [PMID: 32021475 PMCID: PMC6954371 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s219705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on zirconia-resin bonding and the effect of aging on bond durability for one year. Method Three hundred and twenty zirconia blocks were divided into 4 equal study groups. Group 1 (control): as-sintered, group 2: (GB): grit-blasted, group 3: (LAS): laser-etched, group 4: (SIE): selective infiltration etching. Composite cylinders were bonded to the zirconia with resin cement and ceramic primer. Aging was performed following 3 different aging protocols: thermocycling, storage in distilled water, or storage in an enzymatic esterase solution. Micro-shear bond strength test (μSBS) was recorded using a universal testing machine. μSBS values were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Results GB, LAS and SIE groups showed significantly higher values when compared to control. Groups GB, LAS and SIE reported a significant decrease up to 50% in μSBS after water storage and enzymatic degradation, while control group reported a 90% decrease. Failure analysis showed mainly adhesive failure for control group, while the percentage of cohesive failure in resin cement was higher in SIE group compared to GB and LAS groups. Conclusion Water aging and esterase solutions played a significant role by increasing bond degradation. A minimum of one-year water and esterase storage medium should be used to evaluate the durability of the bond between resin cement and zirconia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Saade
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani F Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Corbani K, Hardan L, Skienhe H, Özcan M, Alharbi N, Salameh Z. Effect of material thickness on the fracture resistance and failure pattern of 3D-printed composite crowns. Int J Comput Dent 2020; 23:225-233. [PMID: 32789310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure pattern of 3D-printed and milled composite resin crowns as a function of different material thicknesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three typodont tooth models were prepared to receive a full coverage composite resin crown with different thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm). The prepared master casts were digitally scanned using an intraoral scanner, and the STL files were used to fabricate 60 nanocomposite crowns divided into two groups according to the material thickness (n = 10) and fabrication method: a 3D-printed group (3D) using an SLA printer with nanocomposite, and a milled group (M) using a milling machine and composite blocks. All crowns were adhesively seated on stereolithography (SLA)-fabricated dies. All samples were subjected to thermomechanical loading and fracture testing. The load to fracture [N] was recorded and the failure pattern evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS The 3D group showed the highest values for fracture resistance compared with the milled group within the three tested thicknesses (P < 0.001). The 3D and M groups presented significantly higher load to fracture for the 1.5-mm thickness (2383.5 ± 188.58 N and 1284.7 ± 77.62 N, respectively) compared with the 1.0-mm thickness (1945.9 ± 65.32 N and 932.1 ± 41.29 N, respectively) and the 0.5-mm thickness, which showed the lowest values in both groups (1345.0 ± 101.15 N and 519.3 ± 32.96 N, respectively). A higher incidence of irreparable fractures was observed for the 1.5-mm thickness. CONCLUSION 3D-printed composite resin crowns showed high fracture resistance at different material thicknesses and can be suggested as a viable solution in conservative dentistry.
Collapse
|
21
|
Eid R, Azzam K, Skienhe H, Ounsi H, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Influence of Adaptation and Adhesion on the Retention of Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Glass Fiber Posts to Root Canal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019; 20:1003-1008. [PMID: 31797819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to assess the effect of friction and adhesion on the pushout bond strength of CAD/CAM fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post and cores in comparison to prefabricated fiber posts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty extracted single-rooted premolars were divided into three groups (N = 10): CP: CAD/CAM FRC posts (Trilor, Bioloren) cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Rely X U200, 3M) as control group. CPL: CAD/CAM FRC composite posts cemented with the same self-adhesive resin cement after lubricating the root canal with petroleum jelly (Vaseline, Unilever) to prevent adhesion. RXP: prefabricated posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. Specimens were subjected to thermal cycling and then to pushout tests. The mode of failure was observed using a stereomicroscope. Results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post hoc test for comparison, p = 0.05. RESULTS Push-out bond strength was significantly lower in the RXP group (8.54 ± 3.35 MPa) in comparison to CP (12.10 ± 1.38 MPa), while no significant differences were concluded between the other groups. Failure was mostly adhesive for CPL and RXP and adhesive and mixed for CP. CONCLUSION Custom made CAD/CAM posts have a positive effect on the retention of FRC posts to root canal walls while adhesion between self-adhesive cement and root dentin did not influence significantly the pushout bond strength of CAD/CAM posts to root canal. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The friction of well-adapted CAD/CAM fiber post and cores plays a predominant role in the success of post restorations of endodontically treated teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Eid
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961 3695576, e-mail:
| | | | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eid RY, Koken S, Baba NZ, Ounsi H, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Effect of Fabrication Technique and Thermal Cycling on the Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Milled Custom Fit Anatomical Post and Cores: An In Vitro Study. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:898-905. [PMID: 31397947 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is to investigate the effect of milling custom fit anatomical post and cores from fiber reinforced composite and high-density polymer blocks using CAD/CAM technology on the bond strength to root canal dentin compared with prefabricated fiber posts, and to evaluate the influence of thermal cycling on the push out bond strength of the tested materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty extracted single-rooted premolars, endodontically treated and prepared to receive the posts, were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): BLC: Custom-milled fiber-reinforced composite posts and cores (Trilor, Bioloren), AMC: Custom-milled high-density polymer posts and cores (Ambarino, Creamed), BLP: Prefabricated fiber-reinforced composite posts and composite core buildups (Bioloren; Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, 3M). The posts used have the same matrix and fiber composition as BLC, RXP: Prefabricated posts and composite core buildups (RelyX fiber post, 3M; Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior); used as a control group. All of the posts were cemented using a self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U200, 3M). Half of the sample was randomly assigned to thermal cycling in distilled water for 6,000 cycles to simulate aging, while the other half was tested for bond strength without thermal cycling. A push-out test was conducted using a universal testing machine until failure. Bond strength values were calculated in megapascals (MPa). The mode of failure was observed using a stereo microscope. Results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test for comparison. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Push-out bond strength was significantly higher (p <0.001) in the CAD/CAM post groups than in the groups with prefabricated posts regardless of the post material, while aging of the teeth did not significantly affect the push-out strength (p = 0.536). Failures were adhesive between cement and dentin for all groups except for AMC, where adhesive failure between the cement and the post was also observed. CONCLUSION The CAD/CAM manufacturing technique was proved to ameliorate the retention of the post and cores in the root canal. Thermal cycling did not affect the bond strength of the tested groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Y Eid
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Serhat Koken
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nadim Z Baba
- Advanced Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Saade J, Skienhe H, Ounsi H, Matinlinna JP, Salameh Z. Effect of different combinations of surface treatment on adhesion of resin composite to zirconia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2019; 11:119-129. [PMID: 31213925 PMCID: PMC6549770 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s204986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment combinations on resin zirconia bonding. Materials and methods: One hundred and five pre-sintered zirconia quadrangles were prepared out of zirconia blocks, polished, then sintered and divided into five groups (n=21). Group I (control): samples were untreated, group II: grit-blasting with 50 µm alumina particles, group III: grit-blasting with 100 µm alumina particles, group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and group V: selective infiltration etching technique. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, a diffractometer, and a profilometer. Cylinders of composite resin were luted with Panavia resin composite cementand Clearfil ceramic primer. Shear bond strength (SBS) was determined using a universal testing machine. Results: SBS results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. The level of significance was set to 0.05. SBS values of the studied groups II, III, IV, and V were 16.2±1.8 MPa, 15.7±3.7 MPa, 14.8±3.4 MPa, and 16.8±3.0 MPa, respectively. All values were significantly higher than the control group (10.48±1.80 MPa), but without a significant difference between them. Group III exhibited the roughest surface, and Group I had a more significantly reduced surface roughness value than any other group. Group III presented the highest significant increase of tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation (13%). Conclusion: The use of grit-blasting with greater particles size enhanced SBS with resin composite cement, but induced a higher amount of monoclinic phase transformation. The use of primer based on adhesive monomer with the resin cement is required to enhance the bonding efficiency. The use of laser enhanced the surface roughness and the bonding ability to zirconia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Saade
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Choubaya C, Chahine R, Zalloua P, Salameh Z. Periodontitis and diabetes interrelationships in rats: biochemical and histopathological variables. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:163-172. [PMID: 31275887 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background A two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontitis is now clinically established. Both conditions share common mechanisms of pathogenesis that are related to altered immune-inflammatory responses at local and/or systemic levels. The aim of this study is to investigate whether periodontitis is associated with the development and progression of diabetes and to evaluate the health impact of coexistence of both diseases. Material and methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (10 weeks old) were randomized into seven groups (n = 12): Group 1) Control; Groups 2 and 6) Periodontitis induced at two or six weeks; Groups 3 and 5) Diabetes induced at two or six weeks; Groups 4 and 7) Periodontitis followed by diabetes, and diabetes followed by periodontitis at two or six weeks. For diabetes induction, animals received a one-time intravenous injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). Periodontitis was induced by Lipoppolysaccharide injection (20 μg/rat) through the palatal gingival and by placing a ligature of 0/0 braided silk around the cervix of the upper right second molar. Body weight, glycaemia as well as urine were collected weekly. Rats were sacrificed at the end of week 10, gingival tissue was removed, fixed in formaldehyde and processed for histopathological study. Results Body weight was significantly decreased (25%) following diabetes induction (p < 0.01). 40% weight loss was observed when diabetes was induced first compared to 30% when periodontitis was first induced in the animals (p < 0.01). Rats treated with streptozotocin showed a three-fold increase in diabetes compared to the control group (p < 0.01). In rats where periodontitis was induced after diabetes, glucose levels increased significantly (450 mg/dL) compared to glucose levels (410 mg/dL) where periodontitis was induced first (p < 0.01). Histopathological studies showed greater alveolar bone loss when both diabetes and periodontitis were present. Conclusion When periodontitis occurs after diabetes it aggravates the symptoms of the two pathologies. When diabetes is induced after periodontitis, no symptoms aggravation is observed for diabetes, although periodontitis gets worse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Choubaya
- 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Ramez Chahine
- 2Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Research Team, Lebanese University and Faculty of Public Health La Sagesse University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- 4Department of Prosthodontics and Department of Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
El Ghoul W, Özcan M, Silwadi M, Salameh Z. Fracture resistance and failure modes of endocrowns manufactured with different CAD/CAM materials under axial and lateral loading. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:378-387. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Ghoul
- Lebanese UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics Beirut Lebanon
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- University of ZurichCenter for Dental and Oral Medicine, Division of Dental Biomaterials Zurich Switzerland
| | - Munir Silwadi
- Lebanese UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics Beirut Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Lebanese UniversityFaculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics Beirut Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Naffah N, Ounsi H, Ozcan M, Bassal H, Salameh Z. Evaluation of the Adaptation and Fracture Resistance of Three CAD-CAM Resin Ceramics: An In vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019; 20:571-576. [PMID: 31316020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM The internal fit and resistance to fracture of resin ceramics are to be evaluated compared to that of lithium disilicate as the control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups of 20 crowns each (GC Cerasmart, Vita Enamic, Coltène Brilliant Crios, and e.max CAD) were cemented on identical metal dies. Marginal gaps were measured before cementation and load to fracture was applied after cementation, half of each group was thermodynamically aged (3,000 cycles of 5° to 55° immersion followed by 200,000 cycles of 100 N load), finally the crowns were loaded until fracture in a universal testing machine. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) package 23 was used for statistical work. RESULTS Marginal gaps ranged between 68.5 ± 23.8 µm and 87 ± 29.1 µm while occlusal gaps ranged from 220.7 ± 33.3 µm to 275.5 ± 46.5 µm and were not significantly different between groups. Fracture loads ranged from 633.8 ± 127.3 N to 1596.4 ± 497.7 N with lithium disilicate glass ceramics (LDGCs) and Enamic having higher values than resin nano-ceramics (RNCs). The fracture resistance was more related to material than aging and gap value. CONCLUSION The margin adaptation of resin ceramics was comparable to lithium disilicate with no significant difference. Lithium disilicate showed a higher resistance than resin ceramics and there was a higher resistance to fracture for polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) than RNCs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Resin ceramics can have marginal adaptation and fracture resistance within clinical acceptance; therefore, they can be a good chair-side solution achieved in a single appointment session.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Naffah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961 3300122, e-mail:
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Dental Medicine, Siena University, Siena SI, Italy
| | - Mutlu Ozcan
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Zurich University, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hsein Bassal
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center and Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
El Ghoul WA, Özcan M, Ounsi H, Tohme H, Salameh Z. Effect of different CAD-CAM materials on the marginal and internal adaptation of endocrown restorations: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 123:128-134. [PMID: 31027958 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Recent resin-based and ceramic-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials have been used to restore endodontically treated teeth. Adaptation of the restoration is important for clinical success, but studies evaluating the effect of these materials on the adaptation of endocrowns are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of resin-based and ceramic-based materials on the marginal and internal adaptation of endocrowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty mandibular molars were divided into 4 groups (n=10); each group was restored with a different CAD-CAM material: group C: hybrid nanoceramic (Cerasmart; GC Corp), group T: fiber-composite material (Trilor; Bioloren Srl), group E: lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar Vivadent AG), and group V: zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (Vita Suprinity; VITA Zahnfabrik GmbH). A digital scan was made with an intraoral digital scanner (TRIOS 3; 3Shape A/S), and endocrowns were milled with a 5-axis milling machine (Coritec 250i; imes-icore GmbH). The replica technique and a stereomicroscope (×70) were used to measure the marginal and internal adaptation of the endocrowns at 32 points. All data were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and the Tukey honestly significant difference test (α=.05). RESULTS Statistical tests showed significant differences among the tested groups (P<.001). The resin-based groups displayed larger discrepancies than the ceramic-based groups. The resin-based groups showed a mean marginal gap larger than the mean internal gap C (P=.009), T (P<.001), whereas the ceramic-based groups showed similar gaps, V (P=.396), E (P=.936). The largest gap was observed at the pulpal floor (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS All materials had clinically acceptable internal and marginal gaps (≤150 μm), except for the marginal gap of the Trilor group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiam A El Ghoul
- Chief of clinical services, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tohme
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Professor, Department of Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Moustapha G, Azzam K, AlShwaimi E, Silwadi M, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Evaluation of the fit of zirconia three-unit fixed partial dentures fabricated by different impression techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:e12413. [PMID: 31001919 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of zirconium fixed partial denture using different impression techniques. METHODS A Nissin Typodont model, including maxillary central incisor and canine with missing lateral incisor, was selected for the present study. Thirty zirconium frameworks were fabricated following three impression techniques (N = 10), conventional silicone impression (group C), scanned dental impression (group S), and Trios 3 (3Shape) intraoral scanner (group T). An extra-fine milling strategy was applied. RESULTS Group T had the smallest discrepancy compared to groups C (P = 0.006) and S (P = 0.052) at the marginal level, whereas it was larger at the incisal tip. Discrepancies in group T were smaller than group C (P = 0.004) when measured at the axial walls, and smaller than group S (P = 0.045) when measured at the chamfer area for the central teeth only. Samples in group T showed a greater percentage of equally extended restorations (52.5%), while other groups were mainly underextended (group C: 63.7%, group S: 68.8%). CONCLUSION Better adaptation was achieved with the intraoral scanner group, except at the incisal tip. Conventional and scanned impressions revealed a greater percentage of underextended restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Moustapha
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Emad AlShwaimi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munir Silwadi
- Dr Munir Silwadi Dental Centers, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Moustapha G, AlShwaimi E, Silwadi M, Ounsi H, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM fiber post and cores. Int J Comput Dent 2019; 22:45-53. [PMID: 30848254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the marginal adaptation and internal fit of milled fiber post and cores using different scanning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty typodont tooth models (Nissin) with pulp cavity were endodontically treated and prepared to receive 30 fabricated fiber post and cores. Three different methods of scanning were used (n = 10): an intraoral scanner (IOS) (Trios 3; 3Shape) to directly digitalize the post space (Group T) and a laboratory scanner to indirectly digitalize the resin pattern (Group RP) and the silicone impression (Group S) of the post space. All the specimens were examined using an optical microscope for the measurement of the vertical marginal discrepancy (VMD), and five in each group were scanned using microcomputed tomography (µCT) for the assessment of the VMD, the internal fit at the corner (IFC), post apex (PA), and at four horizontal cross-sections (CS1-4) inside the canal. All data were analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA, followed by pairwise testing to identify the differences (α = 0.05). RESULTS Statistical analysis revealed that Group T was associated with the smallest cement space compared with Group RP (P = 0.001) and Group S (P < 0.001) for VMD using µCT or direct microscopy (OM) (P < 0.001). Similarly, the cement space for Group T was smaller than that of Group S (P = 0.039) when measured at the IFC (µCT), and smaller than Group RP (P = 0.025) when measured at CS1-4 (µCT), with CS1 larger than CS3 (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference at PA (P = 0.271). CONCLUSION Better adaptation was achieved with a complete digital workflow. Scanning the resin pattern or the silicone impression introduced more variables in the digital process or milling of a one-piece fiber post and core.
Collapse
|
30
|
Eid R, Juloski J, Ounsi H, Silwaidi M, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Fracture Resistance and Failure Pattern of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Computer-aided Design/ Computer-aided Manufacturing Post and Cores: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019; 20:56-63. [PMID: 31102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure pattern of custom made computer-aided design & computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) post and cores using a fiber reinforced composite material (FRC) and a high-density-polymer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty extracted mandibular second premolars were selected, endodontically treated and prepared to receive the posts. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) according to each material: group 1 (RXP) : fiber posts (Rely X, 3M-ESPE) with composite core build-up (Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, 3M-ESPE) as a control group; group 2 (BLC): one-piece milled post and core from fiber reinforced composite blocks (Trilor, Bioloren); and group 3 (AMC): one-piece milled post and core from hybrid ceramic disks (Ambarino, Creamed). All the posts were cemented using a self-adhesive resin cement (Rely X U200, 3M ESPE). Fracture resistance was tested using a universal testing machine, failure patterns were then observed visually and radiographically then evaluated under SEM. Data was analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tamhane post-hoc test in order to determine significant differences among groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS The mean fracture resistance values were: 426.08 ± 128.26 N for group 1 (R X P), 367.06 ± 72.34N for group 2 (BLC), and 620.02 ± 54.29N for group 3 (AMC). Statistical analysis revealed that group 3 (AMC) had the highest mean load to fracture in comparison to the other groups (p = 0.000). failures were cohesive in group 2 and 3 and mixed in group 1 with no catastrophic failures reported in all groups. CONCLUSION All systems evaluated presented sufficient mean load-to-failure values for endodontically treated teeth restorations. CAD/CAM post and cores made from high-density-polymer showed a better performance than prefabricated fiber posts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Eid
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Mobile: 09613695576, e-mail:
| | - Jelena Juloski
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Munir Silwaidi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Silwaidi Dental Center, Abu Dhabi, Digital Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Raj AT, Patil S, Sarode S, Salameh Z. P-Hacking: A Wake-Up Call for the Scientific Community. Sci Eng Ethics 2018; 24:1813-1814. [PMID: 29071570 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-017-9984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
P-hacking or data dredging involves manipulation of the research data in order to obtain a statistically significant result. The reasons behind P-hacking and the consequences of the same are discussed in the present manuscript.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai, 600130, India.
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tohme H, Makzoume J, Boulos P, Fakhoury J, Yared C, Salameh Z, Daou M. Effect of Cyclic Dislodging on the Retention of Two Attachment Systems for Implant-supported Overdentures: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:1386-1392. [PMID: 30602646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the retention of two new attachment systems used for implant-supported overdentures subjected to insertion-removal cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty custom-manufactured polyvinyl chloride models mimicking implant-retained over-dentureresin blocks were fabricated and divided into two groups (n = 10): group 1 ('Kerator' attachment) and group 2 ('EMI' attachment). Each model received two parallel implants (JD evolution®) 20 mm apart and was subjected to cyclic retention forces of 10, 100, 1000, 5000, 10000 and 14600 cycles using a universal testing machine in a 0.9% sodium chloride water solution at 22° C. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance; the level of significance was set at a < 0.05. RESULTS The 'Kerator' and 'EMI' attachment systems reported a significant decrease in retention (64 and 56.6% respectively) after 14600 insertion-removal cycles (p < 0.001). The 'EMI' attachment showed significant higher loss of retention than the 'Kerator' attachment all along the 14600 cycles (p < 0.05) except for cycles 100 and 5000 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this in vitro study, both attachments reported satisfactory retentive values during the 14600 cycles, the 'Kerator' attachment showed better retention than the new 'EMI' attachment. The initial retentive force of both attachments has gradually decreased. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Both attachment systems evaluated in this study can be used in clinical practice for implant-supported overdentures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hani Tohme
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961-3-307910 e-mail:
| | - Joseph Makzoume
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Paul Boulos
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jihad Fakhoury
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carole Yared
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maha Daou
- Department of Pedodontics, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Daou EE, Özcan M, Salameh P, Al-Haj Husain N, Salameh Z. Comparison of Adhesion of a Novel Pre-sintered Cobalt-Chromium to Pre-sintered Zirconia and Cast Nickel-Chromium. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:816-823. [PMID: 30066685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study compared the bond strength of pre-sintered Ceramill Sintron to pre-sintered zirconia and cast nickel-chromium (NiCr). MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens (n = 60) (diameter: 15 mm; thickness: 2 mm) were prepared (n = 20/group) (Ceramill Sintron, Ceramill Zi, and Wirobond 99). Disks were layered with vita VM ceramic (4 mm). Specimens were randomly divided into two subgroups. Only one subgroup was thermocycled. Specimens were tested under shear strength. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping was done on one disk of each material before and after ceramic layering. RESULTS Failure types were mostly mixed failures. Significant difference was found between the three materials for Y and Z failure types (p-values: 0.032 and 0.010 respectively). Thermocycling had no major effect on the results reported. Considering Fmax (force-inducing bonding failure) registered, significant difference was found between the control group and milled alloys groups. No significant difference was found between Ceramill Sintron and Zi. The EDX mapping showed a net increase in the control group oxide layer, whereas only slight increase and decrease were reported for Zi and Sintron respectively. CONCLUSION When compared with cast NiCr, novel Ceramill Sintron has higher bond strength, comparable to Ceramill Zi. Thermocycling had no major effects on the results. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Ceramic-alloy bonding is a primary factor in the prosthesis' longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elie E Daou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon, e-mail: /
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Department of Research and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry and Dental Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Daou EE, Ounsi H, Özcan M, Al-Haj Husain N, Salameh Z. Marginal and internal fit of pre-sintered Co-Cr and zirconia 3-unit fixed dental prostheses as measured using microcomputed tomography. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:409-414. [PMID: 29724558 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Limited information is available on the precision of new metal processing technologies. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of pre-sintered cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and zirconia 3-unit fixed dental prostheses using x-ray microcomputed tomography. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three-unit fixed dental prostheses were prepared on metal dies (N=12) using a typodont model from the maxillary first premolar to the first molar. A standardized preparation with a 1.2-mm chamfer (360 degrees) and a 2-mm occlusal reduction was prepared on abutment teeth. The dies were scanned and divided into 2 groups to receive the fixed dental prostheses (n=6) made of pre-sintered Co-Cr and pre-sintered zirconia. Each framework was seated on its cast, and marginal and internal discrepancies were measured at 9 points, starting from the most distal point from the pontic for the maxillary first premolar and the first molar (points 1-4, mesial; point 5, occlusal; points 6-9, distal) of each abutment tooth using microcomputed tomography. The data were analyzed using the Levene test, t test, and ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS When overall mean discrepancy values were compared, no significant difference was observed between pre-sintered Co-Cr and pre-sintered zirconia (P=.085). Discrepancy values for points 1, 2, and 3 were significantly different for pre-sintered Co-Cr and pre-sintered zirconia, with the lowest mean values for point 1 and the highest for point 5. On the abutment tooth basis, for the maxillary first premolar and the first molar, a significant difference was found only in points 6 (P<.001) and 8 (P<.003) for both materials. When the discrepancies for the maxillary first premolar were considered for pre-sintered Co-Cr and pre-sintered zirconia, the mean values were significantly different only at points 1 (P<.001), 2 (P=.007), and 3 (P=.003) and were smaller for pre-sintered zirconia. For the tooth the first molar, a significant difference was observed at point 2 (P=.002) and point 3 (P=.008) for both materials, where the mean values were higher for pre-sintered Co-Cr than for pre-sintered zirconia. The pairwise comparison between points showed a significant difference between measurement points within each material (P<.05). The increase in values between points 1 and 5 was evident for both pre-sintered Co-Cr and pre-sintered zirconia materials. CONCLUSIONS Three-unit fixed dental prostheses made of pre-sintered Co-Cr or zirconia showed similar marginal and internal discrepancy values, with the highest discrepancy values at the occlusal region in both the first premolar and first molar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elie E Daou
- Doctorate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Professor, University of Zurich, Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Dentist, University of Zurich, Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Professor, Department of Research, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Skienhe H, Habchi R, Ounsi HF, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Structural and Morphological Evaluation of Presintered Zirconia following Different Surface Treatments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:156-165. [PMID: 29422464 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on roughness, grain size, and phase transformation of presintered zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surface treatments included airborne particle abrasion (APA) before and after sintering with different particles shape, size, and pressure (50 μm Al2O3, 50 μm glass beads, and ceramic powder). Thirty-five square-shaped presin-tered yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic slabs (Zenostar ZR bridge, Wieland) were prepared (4 mm height × 10 mm width × 10 mm length) and polished with silicon carbide grit papers #800, 1000, 1200, 1500, and 2000 to ensure identical initial roughness. Specimens were divided into five groups according to surface treatment: group I (control): no surface treatment; group II: APA 50 μm Al2O3 after sintering; group III: APA 50 μm Al2O3 particles before sintering; group IV: APA 50 μm glass bead particles before sintering; and group V: APA ceramic powder before sintering. Specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and tested for shear bond strength (SBS). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tests for multiple comparisons Tukey's test (a > 0.05). RESULTS Air abrasion before sintering significantly increased the surface roughness when compared with groups I and III. The highest tetragonal to monoclinic (t-m) phase transformation (0.07%) was observed in group III, and a reverse transformation was observed in presintered groups (0.01%). Regarding bond strength, there was a significant difference between APA procedures pre- and postsintering. CONCLUSION Air abrasion before sintering is a valuable method for increasing surface roughness and SBS. The abrasive particles' size and type used before sintering had a little effect on phase transformation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Air abrasion before sintering could be supposed to be an alternative surface treatment method to air abrasion after sintering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Skienhe
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +9613600991, e-mail:
| | - Roland Habchi
- Department of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology. Campus Pierre Gemayel, Fanar, Lebanese University
| | - Hani F Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED To improve clinical use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary instruments by better understanding the alloys that compose them. A large number of engine-driven NiTi shaping instruments already exists on the market and newer generations are being introduced regularly. While emphasis is being put on design and technique, manufacturers are more discreet about alloy characteristics that dictate instrument behavior. Along with design and technique, alloy characteristics of endodontic instruments is one of the main variables affecting clinical performance. Modification in NiTi alloys is numerous and may yield improvements, but also drawbacks. Martensitic instruments seem to display better cyclic fatigue properties at the expense of surface hardness, prompting the need for surface treatments. On the contrary, such surface treatments may improve cutting efficiency but are detrimental to the gain in cyclic fatigue resistance. Although the design of the instrument is vital, it should in no way cloud the importance of the properties of the alloy and how they influence the clinical behavior of NiTi instruments. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dentists are mostly clinicians rather than engineers. With the advances in instrumentation design and alloys, they have an obligation to deal more intimately with engineering consideration to not only take advantage of their possibilities but also acknowledge their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hani F Ounsi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Siena University, Siena, Italy, e-mail:
| | - Wadih Nassif
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Simone Grandini
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Prasanna Neelakantan
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dental Health, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ayoub F, Jassar H, El Husseini H, Salameh Z. Choice of Endodontic Fiber Posts and its Influence on Dental Malpractice: An in vitro Evaluation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017. [PMID: 28621273 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The fiber post type used in restoring endodontically treated teeth may affect the dental expert decision in the case of dental malpractice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the low-cost commercial fiber post in comparison with a higher cost or well-known documented fiber post system. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 20 premolars were selected for the study; following endodontic treatment, specimens were randomly divided into two groups of 10 specimens each according to the type of fiber post used: (1) Low-cost commercial fiber post (OYAPost, Taper Lucent, OYARICOM) and (2) higher cost well-known fiber post (Rely X Fiber post, 3M ESPE). Both fiber posts were cemented using self-adhesive cement (Rely X Unicem). Samples were subjected to push-out bond strength and to failure analysis. One-way analysis of variance was used (p < 0.005). RESULTS There was no significant difference between the bond strength of the two tested groups (p > 0.05), while statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted between the different post space regions (cervical, middle, and apical). CONCLUSION Based on the evidence from the study, it can be concluded that the type of fiber post should not affect the dental expert decision in the case of dental malpractice/lawsuit. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE All types of low-cost fiber posts may behave similarly to other higher cost or well-documented fiber posts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Ayoub
- Department of Forensic Odontology and Human Identification Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Houssam Jassar
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan El Husseini
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +0096171247147 e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Diab HA, Salameh Z, Hamadeh GN, Younes G, Ayoub F. Oral Health Status of Institutionalized Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Lebanon. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2017; 8:e4. [PMID: 28496964 PMCID: PMC5423309 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2017.8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the dental status of institutionalized intellectually disabled individuals in Lebanon and the role of background and behavioural determinants. MATERIAL AND METHODS Oral health was recorded for 652 individuals (6, 12, 15 and 35 - 44 years old) using the decayed, missing and filled teeth/decayed and filled teeth (DMFT/dft) index. Data collected was statistically analysed with statistical significance set at P = 0.05. RESULTS Overall, mean DMFT index score was 5.86 (SD 6); composed of 3.64 (SD 4.05) decayed (D) teeth; 1.71 (SD 4.38) missing (M) teeth; 0.87 (SD 2.51) filled (F) teeth. DMFT was highest in adults (12.71 [SD 7.43]) and had a large component of missing (6.24 [SD 7.02]) and filled (3.31 [SD 4.56]) teeth. DMFT scores ranged between 3.5 (SD 4.44) at 6 years and 4.8 (SD 4.52) at 15 years and the decayed component was the main contributor. In multivariate analyses, governorate of residence was statistically significantly (P ≤ 0.040 and P ≤ 0.044) associated with D and DMFT, the degree of disability and caretaker educational level were statistically significantly (P = 0.009 and P = 0.008) associated with D, oral hygiene practices were statistically significantly (P ≤ 0.017; P < 0.001; P ≤ 0.017; P < 0.001) associated with D, M, F and DMFT and sugar consumption was statistically significantly (P ≤ 0.03 and P ≤ 0.019) associated with D and DMFT. CONCLUSIONS In Lebanon, preventive and treatment programs to improve the oral health status of institutionalized intellectually disabled subjects are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hicham A Diab
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, BeirutLebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, BeirutLebanon
| | - Ghassan N Hamadeh
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, BeirutLebanon
| | | | - Fouad Ayoub
- Department of Forensic Dentistry and Human Identification, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, BeirutLebanon
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tae Young A, Kang JH, Kang DJ, Venkatesan J, Chang HK, Bhatnagar I, Chang KY, Hwang JH, Salameh Z, Kim SK, Kim HT, Kim DG. Interaction of stem cells with nano hydroxyapatite-fucoidan bionanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:1488-1491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
40
|
Mirmohammadi H, Gerges E, Salameh Z, Wesselink PR. Effect of post diameter and cement thickness on bond strength of fiber posts. Quintessence Int 2015; 44:801-10. [PMID: 23878848 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a30179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effects of different post diameter and oversized post spaces on the push-out bond strength of a fiber post to dentin. METHOD AND MATERIALS Fifty extracted human maxillary central incisors and canines were divided into five groups and submitted to the push-out test (0.5 mm min-1). Groups 1, 2, and 3 were restored using a fiber post size that was identical to the drill size (sizes 1, 2, and 3, respectively), and groups 4 and 5 were both prepared with drill size 3, and restored using the size 2 and 1 fiber post, respectively. The fiber posts were cemented using self-adhesive dual-polymerized resin cement (RelyX Unicem). The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the mean values for push-out bond strength between groups with different post diameters (P > .05). However, the push-out bond strengths were significantly different between groups with different cement thicknesses, and group 4 yielded the highest bond strength (11.7 ± 0.4 MPa). For all groups, the apical third had the lowest bond strength value (P < .05). CONCLUSION The highest push-out bond strength values were obtained when one incremental oversized post space was used. Clinically, fiber post space has to provide an optimum cement thickness (around 120 µm) for adequate cementation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Berberi A, Bouserhal L, Nader N, Assaf RB, Nassif NB, Bouserhal J, Salameh Z. Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Volumetric Changes After Sinus Floor Augmentation with Mineralized Cortical Bone Allograft. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2015; 14:624-9. [PMID: 26225054 PMCID: PMC4511887 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-014-0736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this retrospective study was to quantify three-dimensional (3D) volumetric bone changes over a two-year period in maxillary sinuses augmented with a mineralized cortical bone allograft material (MCBA) material. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eleven patients (6 males and 5 females) with mean of age of 51.6 (range: 46-61) years were treated to increase the vertical dimension of the alveolar crest by maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedure. Study data were collected from patient records and by analyzing preoperative radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken within the first two weeks after maxillary sinus lift (T0), immediately before implant placement four months after grafting (T1), and after one year of implant loading (T2). All DICOM-formatted images were rendered into volumetric images using software that automatically calculated the volume of the grafted material in cubic centimeters. RESULTS Mean graft volume was 16.24 ± 1.54 cm(3) at T0, 14.48 ± 1.48 cm(3) at T1 and 13.06 ± 1.39 cm(3) at T2. Mean volume retraction resulted in 1.76 ± 0.34 cm(3) ΔV1 (T0-T1) and 1.42 ± 0.4 cm(3) ΔV2 (T1-T2) and was 10.83 % of the initial total volume at (T0-T1) and 9.8 % of the total volume (T1-T2). CONCLUSION The present retrospective investigation demonstrated a 20.63 % decrease in graft volume. Volumetric 3D assessment of CBCT scans with the selected software appeared to be a promising approach to quantifying long-term changes in the grafted area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Berberi
- />Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
- />Oral Surgery Section, ENT Department, Sacre-Coeur Hospital, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lea Bouserhal
- />Department of Orthodontics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Nabih Nader
- />Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita Bou Assaf
- />Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nayla Bassil Nassif
- />Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Bouserhal
- />Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- />Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Berberi A, Nader N, Noujeim Z, Scardina A, Leone A, Salameh Z. Horizontal and vertical reconstruction of the severely resorbed maxillary jaw using subantral augmentation and a novel tenting technique with bone from the lateral buccal wall. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2015; 14:263-70. [PMID: 26028846 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-014-0635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using the lateral wall bone in sinus lifting two-dimensional reconstruction on bone augmentation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten patients affected by class V or VI maxillary atrophy with less than 3 mm of residual horizontal ridge were selected. Using a piezo-ultrasonic surgery tip bony lateral wall was cut. To expose native bone to the bone graft, multiple perforations, made through the cortical plate of the recipient site with a round bur. Once the bony buccal wall was adjusted it was fixed away from the ridge with two 1.5 x 13 mm bone fixation screws. Deficiencies created between the bony buccal wall and the ridge was filled with a mineralized cortical bone. A pericardium membrane was then placed on the graft. A biopsy for histologic evaluation was made. RESULTS The data analysis in bone volume changes reported significant differences between the anterior and posterior locations before and after grafting (p < 0.05). The biopsy shows mature cancellous bone with predominantly lamellar structure. CONCLUSION The use of the lateral wall bone in sinus lift surgery showed significant increase in bone volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Berberi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. BOX: 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nabih Nader
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. BOX: 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Noujeim
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. BOX: 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alessandro Scardina
- Section of Oral Sciences and Histology and Embriology, School of Dentistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Leone
- Section of Oral Sciences and Histology and Embriology, School of Dentistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, P.O. BOX: 5208-116, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ayoub F, Nehme E, Jad S, Salameh Z. A Novel Approach for the Reimbursement of Permanent Partial Dental Disability Following Dental Injury. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:504-6. [PMID: 26323454 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Reimbursement of long-term permanent disability following a dental injury can lead to claims and legal involvement by the injured person. This will delay the treatment the patient's quality of life and the court system. A new formula has been hypothesized to address the problem. This might help the stakeholders including patients, insurance companies. The details of calculating the index and its significance are discussed. Implication studies are mandatory to refine the proposed hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Ayoub
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Edgar Nehme
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Jad
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Professor, Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +961-71247147, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Almas K, Salameh Z, Kutkut A, Al Doubali A. A Simplified Technique to Measure Plaque on the Intaglio Surfaces of Complete Dentures. J Int Acad Periodontol 2015; 17:58-64. [PMID: 26242012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study was to develop a simplified quantitative denture plaque index that could help dentists to motivate denture patients to maintain optimal oral hygiene. The secondary aim was to assess specific areas of dentures more prone to accumulate plaque and subjects' oral hygiene habits related to their dentures. METHODS One hundred subjects who wore maxillary and/or mandibular complete dentures for at least one year were included in the study as a powered sample. Fifteen females and 85 males, age range 45-75 years, were recruited. The study was carried out at King Saud University (KSU), College of Dentistry. A plaque disclosing solution was used to assess the plaque covered areas of denture. A quantitative percentage (10 x 10%) score index was developed by assessing plaque scores from digital images of intaglio surfaces of the dentures. The weighted kappa method was used to assess inter-examiner agreement in the main study. RESULTS The new denture plaque index was identified as ASKD-DPI (Almas, Salameh, Kutkut, and Doubali-Denture Plaque Index). It ranged from 0 - 100%, and reflected the percentage of the intaglio surfaces of maxillary and mandibular complete dentures that contained plaque. It also classified quantitative percentages: 30 subjects ranged from 0 - 30% (low DPI), 50 subjects ranged from 31 - 70% (moderate DPI), and 20 subjects ranged from 71 - 100% (high DPI) denture plaque score. CONCLUSIONS A simplified denture plaque index (ASKD-DPI) technique was developed and tested in this study. ASKD-DPI may be used for evaluating denture plaque scores, monitoring denture hygiene, and measuring compliance of patients regarding plaque control for complete dentures.
Collapse
|
45
|
Riachi F, Naaman N, Tabarani C, Berberi A, Salameh Z. Comparison of morbidity and complications of harvesting bone from the iliac crest and calvarium: a retrospective study. J Int Oral Health 2014; 6:32-35. [PMID: 25083030 PMCID: PMC4109241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to compare the complications after the harvest of bone from the iliac crest and the calvarium. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and eighty patients were selected for this study (125 iliac crest and 55 calvarium donor sites). Data were collected from the medical records and classified as major or minor complications for each procedure. RESULTS The highest percentage of total complications (66.4%) was recorded when the iliac crest was harvested. The highest percentage of major complications was associated with the harvest of calvarium site (14.5%), while highest percentage of minor complications was associated with the harvest of the iliac site (60.8%). CONCLUSION Harvesting of the iliac crest was associated with the highest percentage of complications. Major complications were more observed with harvesting of the calvarium. How to cite the article: Riachi F, Naaman N, Tabarani C, Berberi A, Salameh Z. Comparison of morbidity and complications of harvesting bone from the iliac crest and calvarium: A retrospective study. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(3):32-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Riachi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nada Naaman
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carine Tabarani
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Berberi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Salameh Z, Tehini G, Ziadeh N, Ragab HA, Berberi A, Aboushelib MN. Influence of ceramic color and translucency on shade match of CAD/CAM porcelain veneers. Int J Esthet Dent 2014; 9:90-97. [PMID: 24757701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of translucency of CAD/CAM ceramic milling blocks on the final color of porcelain veneer cemented using resin cement with two different opacities. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standardized incisal lap preparation was made on a maxillary right central incisor that was duplicated using composite resin material (Z250, A4, 3M ESPE). The resin dies were individually laser scanned (Bluecam, Sirona) in order to build a 3D model of the porcelain veneer on the CAD software (Cerec 3D). Three types of milling blocks were used to fabricate the required restorations: multichromatic, high translucency, and low translucency milling blocks (IPS Empress CAD, A1 Vita shade tab). The milled veneers were polished, glazed, and bonded on the resin dies using high opacity and low opacity resin cements (Panavia F2.0). A digital shade guide device (Easyshade Advance, Vita) was used to measure color parameters (CIE Lab values) at the incisal, middle, and cervical third of each cemented restoration. ΔE values of the cemented veneers were calculated against the target color (A1). RESULTS Cementation of porcelain veneers resulted in significant color change of the resin die (A4) as ΔE values ranged between 8.9 and 13.7. However, the type of milling block did not have an observable effect on final color as the measured ΔE values, against original die color, were very close for the multichromatic block (ΔE = 10.7 ± 0.1), high translucency (ΔE = 9.7 ± 0.09), and low translucency blocks (ΔE = 13.4 ± 0.11). The opacity of the used resin cement did not affect the final shade match, as the observed ΔE values using either high opacity and low opacity resin cement were less than 2 for the three used ceramic blocks. The greatest color difference was observed between the incisal third of multichromatic veneers (ΔE = 8.9) and the cervical third of low translucency veneers (ΔE = 13.7), while for the rest of the test groups this shift was not clinically observable (ΔE < 2.5). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the shade match of CAD/CAM porcelain veneers was not influenced by the translucency of used milling block or the opacity of the resin cement.
Collapse
|
47
|
Al-Amri M, Al-Madi E, Sadig WM, Ahmedani MS, Salameh Z. Significance of primary factors influencing students' performance at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. J PAK MED ASSOC 2012; 62:816-821. [PMID: 23862257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of different enabling factors such as curriculum, role of faculty, academic advising and availability of learning resources and supportive services on the performance of students pursuing their Bachelor's degree in dentistry. METHODS Data was collected from the male and female students of the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, during the academic year 2008-2009. All undergraduate students (576) constituted the total sample size of the study. The respondents were requested to fill a questionnaire form, which was specially designed in accordance with requirements of the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE). The questionnaire comprised 45 questions addressing all aspects of the relevant factors. The five-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the feedback. All the responses (239) were thoroughly examined and only the completely filled forms (169) were subjected to regression analyses, taking student's CGPA as a dependent factor and a depiction of their performance. The t-tests were also worked out to evaluate variations in the responses of male and female students to each sub-factor. RESULTS The study showed a significant impact of faculty and learning resources and support services on a student's achievement (alpha = 0.05). Surprisingly, academic advising and the dental curriculum had non-significant effect at 95% level of confidence. However, the critical analyses acknowledged that the non-significant impact was due to poor performance of the two factors. CONCLUSION The role of faculty and learning resources as well as of support services had significant effect on students' performance. However, there is an immense need to improve the level of academic advising and revise the curriculum to have a significant impact of these factors on the student's achievements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Amri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abualsaud H, Zandparsa R, Hirayama H, Sadig W, Aboushelib M, Salameh Z. Color management of the cervical region using different framework materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2011; 23:371-8. [PMID: 22142295 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2010.00387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Color-matching of the cervical area between natural teeth and different crown prostheses is a common clinical problem. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the color of the cervical region of five commercially available crown systems to an extracted natural tooth and to each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS The color of the cervical region of an extracted maxillary incisor was measured by means of a colorimeter (ShadeVision, X-Rite). Fifty master dies were fabricated, divided into five groups (N=10) according to the framework material; group 1: high-noble gold alloy, group 2: same as group 1 but treated with gold paste material, group 3: precious reinforced alloy, group 4: white zirconium oxide substructure (Lava 3M ESPE), and group 5: shaded zirconium oxide (Lava). A direct comparison of L*, a*, and b* parameters was accomplished between the control natural tooth and the five crown systems, and the mean color differences (ΔE) was calculated. The data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc multiple comparison (α=0.05). RESULTS Compared to the natural tooth, the mean color differences (ΔE) values were clinically unacceptable for all groups (ΔE > 3.7). The detected color differences, among different porcelain systems, were not visually perceptible (ΔE < 3.7). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the cervical color of an extracted natural tooth could not be duplicated using different crowns systems. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Color-matching of the cervical region of different crown systems with natural tooth remains a difficult task.
Collapse
|
49
|
Sherfudhin H, Hobeich J, Carvalho CA, Aboushelib MN, Sadig W, Salameh Z. Effect of different ferrule designs on the fracture resistance and failure pattern of endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber posts and all-ceramic crowns. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:28-33. [PMID: 21437466 PMCID: PMC4245860 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the effect of different ferrule heights on endodontically
treated premolars. Materials and Methods Fifty sound mandibular first premolars were endodontically treated and then
restored with 7-mm fiber post (FRC Postec Plus #1 Ivoclar-Vivadent) luted with
self-polymerized resin cement (Multilink, Ivoclar Vivadent) while the coronal
section was restored with hybrid composite core build-up material (Tetric Ceram,
Ivoclar-Vivadent), which received all-ceramic crown. Different ferrule heights
were investigated: 1-mm circumferential ferrule without post and core (group 1
used as control), a circumferential 1-mm ferrule (group 2), non-uniform ferrule
2-mm buccally and 1-mm lingually (group 3), non-uniform ferrule 3-mm buccally and
2-mm lingually (group 4), and finally no ferrule preparation (group 5). The
fracture load and failure pattern of the tested groups were investigated by
applying axial load to the ceramic crowns (n=10). Data were analyzed statistically
by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test was used for pair-wise
comparisons (α=0.05). Results There were no significant differences among the failure load of all tested groups
(P<0.780). The control group had the lowest fracture resistance
(891.43±202.22 N) and the highest catastrophic failure rate
(P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the use of fiber post reduced the
percentage of catastrophic failure while increasing the ferrule height did not
influence the fracture resistance of the restored specimens. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, increasing the ferrule length did not
influence the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with
glass ceramic crowns. Insertion of a fiber post could reduce the percentage of
catastrophic failure of these restorations under function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haneef Sherfudhin
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Al-Hezaimi K, Salameh Z, Al-Fouzan K, Al Rejaie M, Tay FR. Histomorphometric and Micro–computed Tomography Analysis of Pulpal Response to Three Different Pulp Capping Materials. J Endod 2011; 37:507-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|