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López-Bielma MF, Falfán-Valencia R, Fierro-Piña A, Abarca-Rojano E, Córdoba-Lanus E, Fricke-Galindo I, Romero-Villaseñor P, Buendía-Roldán I, Chávez-Galán L, Jaime-Capetillo ME, Pérez-Rubio G. Genetic variants in ATP2B2 as risk factors for mortality in patients unrelated but not associated with families with severe COVID-19. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29493. [PMID: 38628728 PMCID: PMC11019202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease has a wide range of clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to severe. Ancestral contribution, sex, immune response, and genetic factors influence the presentation of the disease. The objective of the present study was to validate these genetic variants in patients with severe COVID-19 who died and in survivor patients. Methods: Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in six genes: ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2 (ATP2B2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2), (interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 2) IFNAR2, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1A (TNFRSF1A), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B (TNFRSF1B), were explored in two groups: the first consisted of severe COVID-19-related patients (familial cases from 58 families, n = 130), and the second group of unrelated severe COVID-19 patients (n = 1045). In each study group, death was evaluated as the outcome. Results In non-related patients with severe COVID-19, carriers of GG genotype (rs2289274) in the ATP2B2 gene showed a high-risk probability of non-surviving (OR = 1.43). Survival analysis to 75 days indicates that carriers of GG have a higher risk than GA or AA genotypes (p = 0.0059). The haplotype GG (rs2289273-rs2289274) in ATP2B2 was found to be associated with a high risk of death in severe non-related COVID-19 patients. No significant associations were found between severe COVID-19-related patients and SNVs in ATP2B2, TMPRSS2, DOCK2, IFNAR2, TNFRSF1A, or TNFRSF1B. Conclusions Unrelated patients with severe COVID-19 that carry the GG genotype (rs2289274) in ATP2B2 showed a high death risk. Survival analysis to 75 days indicates that carriers of GG have a higher risk of non-survival compared to GA or AA genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda López-Bielma
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
- Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Aurelio Fierro-Piña
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Edgar Abarca-Rojano
- Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanus
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38296, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ingrid Fricke-Galindo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Priscila Romero-Villaseñor
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Leslie Chávez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - María Esther Jaime-Capetillo
- Clinical Laboratory Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
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Khan KM, Zimpfer MJ, Sultana R, Parvez TM, Navas-Acien A, Parvez F. Role of Metals on SARS-CoV-2 Infection: a Review of Recent Epidemiological Studies. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:353-368. [PMID: 37665544 PMCID: PMC11149155 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metals and metalloids are known for their nutritional as well as toxic effects in humans. In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, understanding the role of metals on COVID-19 infection is becoming important due to their role in infectious diseases. During the past 2 years, a significant number of studies have examined the impact of metals and metalloids on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed manuscripts on the association of metals and metalloids with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity published since the onset of the pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS We searched for epidemiological studies available through the PubMed database published from January 2020 to December 2022. Of 92 studies identified, 20 met our inclusion criteria. These articles investigated the association of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), and/or lead (Pb) levels on SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 severity. Of the ten metals and metalloids of interest that reported either positive, negative, or no associations, Zn yielded the highest number of articles (n = 13), followed by epidemiological studies on Se (n = 7) and Fe (n = 5). Elevated serum Zn and Se were associated with reduced COVID-19 severity and mortality. Similarly, higher levels of serum Fe were associated with lower levels of cellular damage and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and with faster recovery from COVID-19. On the other hand, higher serum and urinary Cu and serum Mg levels were associated with higher COVID-19 severity and mortality. Along with the positive or negative effects, some studies reported no impact of metals on SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic review suggests that metals, particularly Zn, Fe, and Se, may help reduce the severity of COVID-19, while Cu and Mg may aggravate it. Our review suggests that future pandemic mitigation strategies may evaluate the role of Zn, Se, and Fe as potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Khan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, USA
| | - Mariah J Zimpfer
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, USA
| | - Rasheda Sultana
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, USA
| | - Tahmid M Parvez
- Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W, 168Th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722W, 168Th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Çobanogullari H, Evren EU, Evren H, Suer K, Balcioglu O, Ergoren MC. Strong association between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene InDel polymorphism and COVID-19 diseases. MEDICINA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 160:489-494. [PMID: 37309467 PMCID: PMC10250597 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic that emerged in China in late 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. There is evidence that COVID-19 infection can be influenced by genetic variations in the host. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ACE InDel polymorphism and COVID-19 in Northern Cyprus. Patients and methods This study included 250 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and 371 healthy controls. Genotyping for the ACE InDel gene polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results The frequency of ACE DD homozygotes was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group (p = 0.022). The difference in the presence of the D allele between the patient and control groups was statistically significant (57.2% and 50.67%, respectively, p < 0.05). Individuals with the genotype II were found to have a higher risk of symptomatic COVID-19 (p = 0.011). In addition, chest radiographic findings were observed more frequently in individuals with the genotype DD compared to individuals with the genotypes ID and II (p = 0.005). A statistically significant difference was found when the time of onset of symptoms for COVID-19 and duration of treatment were compared with participants' genotypes (p = 0.016 and p = 0.014, respectively). The time of onset of COVID-19 was shorter in individuals with the genotype DD than in individuals with the genotype II, while the duration of treatment was longer. Conclusion In conclusion, the ACE I/D polymorphism has the potential to predict the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havva Çobanogullari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Graduate Studies, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emine Unal Evren
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Hakan Evren
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kaya Suer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ozlem Balcioglu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Zabihi Rizi F, Ghorbani A, Zahtab P, Darbaghshahi NN, Ataee N, Pourhamzeh P, Hamzei B, Dolatabadi NF, Zamani A, Hooshmand M. TYK2 single-nucleotide variants associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease. Arch Virol 2023; 168:119. [PMID: 36959416 PMCID: PMC10035968 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a lethal disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which can result in a broad clinical spectrum of respiratory symptoms. While many clinical risk factors such as concomitant chronic diseases play roles in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, genetic predisposition factors have not been widely studied. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the relationship between some singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the human genes TYK2 and ACE2 and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Genomic DNA was isolated from 200 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with severe (n = 100) or mild (n = 100) disease. Owing to the importance of ACE2 and TYK2 genes in regulating the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, TYK2 gene SNPs, i.e. rs2304255, rs2304256, rs12720270, and rs12720354 and ACE2 rs382746 variants, were genotyped in the samples. To confirm the results, the expression of different TYK2 genotypes was investigated using real-time PCR. The presence of the nucleotide T at the locus rs2304255 was shown to be a risk factor linked to disease severity (OR [95% CI] = 3.2485 [2.1554-4.8961]). Similarly, the presence of A at the locus rs12720354 increased the risk of severity (OR [95% CI]) = 3.9721 [2.6075-6.0509]). In contrast, the presence of A at the loci rs2304256 and rs12720270 was observed to reduce the severity risk (OR [95% CI] = 0.2495 [0.1642-0.3793] and 0.1668 [0.1083-0.2569], respectively). Real-time PCR results also demonstrated that the expression level of TYK2 in samples with the TT genotype of rs2304255 and the AA genotype of rs12720354 and in samples with the GG genotype of rs12720207 was significantly lower than in those with other genotypes. The results of this study suggest that TYK2 SNPs might be utilized to identify individuals who are at risk for severe COVID-19, in order to better manage their health care. It is predicted that the presence of some alleles (T in rs2304255, A in rs12720354, and G in rs12720207) of TYK2 can affect COVID-19 severity by reducing TYK2 expression and thereby affecting the regulatory role of TYK2 in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Zabihi Rizi
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnia Zahtab
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Naderi Darbaghshahi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Nioosha Ataee
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Esfahan, Iran
| | | | - Behnaz Hamzei
- Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Fatahi Dolatabadi
- Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Zamani
- Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Hooshmand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
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Chiappelli F, Penhaskashi J. Permafrost Immunity. Bioinformation 2022; 18:734-738. [PMID: 37426494 PMCID: PMC10326340 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thawing permafrost is a serious and worrisome threat to the environment, because it releases trapped heavy metals and greenhouse gasses. Thawing permafrost is also a health threat because, in addition to releasing these noxious gasses, thawing permafrost may free novel and undiscovered antibiotic-resistant bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites among a plethora of dormant pathogens. Our immune system is ill-prepared to counter these challenges, and will require significant adaptation, or allostasis, which can be subsumed under the generic term of permafrost immunity. Since most of the most gravely threatening pathogens released by thawing permafrost are likely to penetrate the organism through the oral cavity, permafrost immunity may first be identified in the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaden Penhaskashi
- West Valley Dental Implant Center, Encino, CA 91316 (minimallyinvasiveperio.com)
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Villapalos-García G, Zubiaur P, Rivas-Durán R, Campos-Norte P, Arévalo-Román C, Fernández-Rico M, García-Fraile Fraile L, Fernández-Campos P, Soria-Chacartegui P, Fernández de Córdoba-Oñate S, Delgado-Wicke P, Fernández-Ruiz E, González-Álvaro I, Sanz J, Abad-Santos F, de Los Santos I. Transmembrane protease serine 2 ( TMPRSS2) rs75603675, comorbidity, and sex are the primary predictors of COVID-19 severity. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201396. [PMID: 35636966 PMCID: PMC9152129 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The TMPRSS2 rs75603675 genotype (OR = 0.586), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.289), sex (OR = 0.586), and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 1.126) were identified as the main predictors of COVID-19 severity in 817 patients who attended Hospital Universitario de La Princesa during March and April 2020. By the end of December 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) produced more than 271 million cases and 5.3 million deaths. Although vaccination is an effective strategy for pandemic control, it is not yet equally available in all countries. Therefore, identification of prognostic biomarkers remains crucial to manage COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate predictors of COVID-19 severity previously proposed. Clinical and demographic characteristics and 120 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed from 817 patients with COVID-19, who attended the emergency department of the Hospital Universitario de La Princesa during March and April 2020. The main outcome was a modified version of the 7-point World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 severity scale (WHOCS); both in the moment of the first hospital examination (WHOCS-1) and of the severest WHOCS score (WHOCS-2). The TMPRSS2 rs75603675 genotype (OR = 0.586), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.289), sex (OR = 0.586), and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 1.126) were identified as the main predictors of disease severity. Consequently, these variables might influence COVID-19 severity and could be used as predictors of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Villapalos-García
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Zubiaur
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Rivas-Durán
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Campos-Norte
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Arévalo-Román
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-Rico
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucio García-Fraile Fraile
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Fernández-Campos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Soria-Chacartegui
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Fernández de Córdoba-Oñate
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Delgado-Wicke
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Ruiz
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isidoro González-Álvaro
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanz
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio de Los Santos
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
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Comparative study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different cell types: Biophysical-computational approach to the role of potential receptors. Comput Biol Med 2022; 142:105245. [PMID: 35077937 PMCID: PMC8770263 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the respiratory tract has been associated with the ability of the virus to interact with potential receptors on the host membrane. We have modeled viral dynamics by simulating various cellular systems and artificial conditions, including macromolecular crowding, based on experimental and transcriptomic data to infer parameters associated with viral growth and predict cell susceptibility. We have accomplished this based on the type, number and level of expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine 2 (TMPRSS2), basigin2 (CD147), FURIN protease, neuropilin 1 (NRP1) or other less studied candidate receptors such as heat shock protein A5 (HSPA5) and angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AGTR2). In parallel, we studied the effect of simulated artificial environments on the accessibility to said proposed receptors. In addition, viral kinetic behavior dependent on the degree of cellular susceptibility was predicted. The latter was observed to be more influenced by the type of proteins and expression level, than by the number of potential proteins associated with the SARS CoV-2 infection. We predict a greater theoretical propensity to susceptibility in cell lines such as NTERA-2, SCLC-21H, HepG2 and Vero6, and a lower theoretical propensity in lines such as CaLu3, RT4, HEK293, A549 and U-251MG. An important relationship was observed between expression levels, protein diffusivity, and thermodynamically favorable interactions between host proteins and the viral spike, suggesting potential sites of early infection other than the lungs. This research is expected to stimulate future quantitative experiments and promote systematic investigation of the effect of crowding presented here.
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Fan SJ, Liao JK, Wei L, Wang BY, Kai L, Tan DX. Treatment efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen capsules for eraly-stage COVID-19. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1332-1338. [PMID: 35273735 PMCID: PMC8902566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically determine the effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules on the early antiviral and anti-inflammatory action against COVID-19 (Coronavirus 2019) and its applicational value in the treatment of COVID-19. METHODS The clinical data of 66 early-mid-stage COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals in Guangzhou between January 2020 and April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients receiving Lianhua Qingwen Capsule treatment were assigned to the observation group (n=33) and those given conventional therapy were included in the control group (n=33). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical effects and main symptom (fever, cough and fatigue) disappearance rate. RESULTS In comparison with the control group, 1) the total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group (P<0.05); 2) the disappearance rates of fever, cough and fatigue were statistically higher in the observation group; 3) the treatment time was significantly shorter and patient recovery was significantly better in the observation group; 4) the laboratory index levels [white blood cell (WBC), interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum amyloid A (SAA)] were better in the observation group. CONCLUSION Lianhua Qingwen Capsules can significantly improve the total effective rate for COVID-19 patients, as well as shorten the hospital stay and treatment time, which is worth of promotion in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Fan
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Kun Liao
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Liu Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, SongGang People’s HospitalShenzhen 518105, Guangdong, China
| | - Bai-Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jilin Cancer HospitalChangchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Liu Kai
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Du-Xun Tan
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518116, Guangdong, China
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Ranjan J, Ravindra A, Mishra B. Gender and genetic factors impacting COVID-19 severity. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3956-3963. [PMID: 35136752 PMCID: PMC8797126 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_769_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is a cause of global concern and is impacting lives and economy globally. Infection due to SARS-CoV-2 leads to varied clinical manifestations, which can vary from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome and death. The clinical features are proposed to depend upon various host factors, namely, gender and genetic factors. The significantly high mortality among males has revealed the role of gender, androgens, age, genetics, and risk factors in determining the severity of COVID-19 among the population. The interplay of various host factors and their association with clinically severe infections is crucial for our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis. A PubMed and Google scholar search was made using keywords such as "COVID-19 + sex differences," "COVID-19 + androgens," "COVID-19 + ACE2 receptor," and "COVID-19 + smoking alcoholism pregnancy." The articles which highlight the association of gender and genetic factors to COVID-19 were selected and included in our study. It is mainly the primary care or family physicians who act as the first contact of COVID-19 patients. With the recent increase in SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Indian subcontinent and probability of upcoming surges, it has become imperative to understand its interaction with the various gender and genetic factors to devise effective triage and management protocols. Our review highlights the possible mechanisms by which these factors impact the severity of COVID-19. A better understanding of these factors will be of immense help to primary care physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Ranjan
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Akshatha Ravindra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Baijayantimala Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Baijayantimala Mishra, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar - 751 019, Odisha, India. E-mail:
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Vianello A, Del Turco S, Babboni S, Silvestrini B, Ragusa R, Caselli C, Melani L, Fanucci L, Basta G. The Fight against COVID-19 on the Multi-Protease Front and Surroundings: Could an Early Therapeutic Approach with Repositioning Drugs Prevent the Disease Severity? Biomedicines 2021; 9:710. [PMID: 34201505 PMCID: PMC8301470 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the membrane spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of the human epithelial host cell is the first step of infection, which has a critical role for viral pathogenesis of the current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Following the binding between S1 subunit and ACE2 receptor, different serine proteases, including TMPRSS2 and furin, trigger and participate in the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. On the basis of the high virulence and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, other receptors have been found involved for viral binding and invasiveness of host cells. This review comprehensively discusses the mechanisms underlying the binding of SARS-CoV2 to ACE2 and putative alternative receptors, and the role of potential co-receptors and proteases in the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the short therapeutic time window within which to act to avoid the devastating evolution of the disease, we focused on potential therapeutic treatments-selected mainly among repurposing drugs-able to counteract the invasive front of proteases and mild inflammatory conditions, in order to prevent severe infection. Using existing approved drugs has the advantage of rapidly proceeding to clinical trials, low cost and, consequently, immediate and worldwide availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Vianello
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Serena Del Turco
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Serena Babboni
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Beatrice Silvestrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology, and Critical Area, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Rosetta Ragusa
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Luca Melani
- Department of Territorial Medicine, ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luca Fanucci
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
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11
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Pojero F, Candore G, Caruso C, Di Bona D, Groneberg DA, Ligotti ME, Accardi G, Aiello A. The Role of Immunogenetics in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2636. [PMID: 33807915 PMCID: PMC7961811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is induced by SARS-CoV-2 and may arise as a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic condition to a life-threatening disease associated with cytokine storm, multiorgan and respiratory failure. The molecular mechanism behind such variability is still under investigation. Several pieces of experimental evidence suggest that genetic variants influencing the onset, maintenance and resolution of the immune response may be fundamental in predicting the evolution of the disease. The identification of genetic variants behind immune system reactivity and function in COVID-19 may help in the elaboration of personalized therapeutic strategies. In the frenetic look for universally shared treatment plans, those genetic variants that are common to other diseases/models may also help in addressing future research in terms of drug repurposing. In this paper, we discuss the most recent updates about the role of immunogenetics in determining the susceptibility to and the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose a narrative review of available data, speculating about lessons that we have learnt from other viral infections and immunosenescence, and discussing what kind of aspects of research should be deepened in order to improve our knowledge of how host genetic variability impacts the outcome for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Mattia E. Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.); (M.E.L.); (G.A.)
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12
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Bonnet G, Weizman O, Trimaille A, Pommier T, Cellier J, Geneste L, Panagides V, Marsou W, Deney A, Attou S, Delmotte T, Ribeyrolles S, Chemaly P, Karsenty C, Giordano G, Gautier A, Chaumont C, Guilleminot P, Sagnard A, Pastiero J, Ezzouhairi N, Perin B, Zakine C, Levasseur T, Ma I, Chavignier D, Noirclerc N, Darmon A, Mevelec M, Duceau B, Sutter W, Mika D, Fauvel C, Pezel T, Waldmann V, Cohen A. Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in France: The Critical COVID-19 France (CCF) study. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 114:352-363. [PMID: 34154953 PMCID: PMC7923854 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a public health crisis. Only limited data are available on the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in France. Aims To investigate the characteristics, cardiovascular complications and outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in France. Methods The Critical COVID-19 France (CCF) study is a French nationwide study including all consecutive adults with a diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection hospitalized in 24 centres between 26 February and 20 April 2020. Patients admitted directly to intensive care were excluded. Clinical, biological and imaging parameters were systematically collected at hospital admission. The primary outcome was in-hospital death. Results Of 2878 patients included (mean ± SD age 66.6 ± 17.0 years, 57.8% men), 360 (12.5%) died in the hospital setting, of which 7 (20.7%) were transferred to intensive care before death. The majority of patients had at least one (72.6%) or two (41.6%) cardiovascular risk factors, mostly hypertension (50.8%), obesity (30.3%), dyslipidaemia (28.0%) and diabetes (23.7%). In multivariable analysis, older age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03 − 1.06; P < 0.001), male sex (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.11 − 2.57; P = 0.01), diabetes (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.12 − 2.63; P = 0.01), chronic kidney failure (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.02 − 2.41; P = 0.04), elevated troponin (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.11 − 2.49; P = 0.01), elevated B-type natriuretic peptide or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.0004 − 2.86; P = 0.049) and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥ 2 (HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.12 − 2.60; P = 0.01) were independently associated with in-hospital death. Conclusions In this large nationwide cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in France, cardiovascular comorbidities and risk factors were associated with a substantial morbi-mortality burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bonnet
- Université de Paris, PARCC, inserm, 75015 Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Orianne Weizman
- Université de Paris, PARCC, inserm, 75015 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Antonin Trimaille
- Nouvel hopital Civil, Centre Hospitalier régional universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thibaut Pommier
- Lariboisiere hospital, AP-HP, university of Paris, 75010 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Joffrey Cellier
- Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laura Geneste
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire d'Amiens-Picardie, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Vassili Panagides
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Wassima Marsou
- GCS-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Deney
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Sabir Attou
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire de Caen-Normandie, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Delmotte
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | | | | | - Clément Karsenty
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Gauthier Giordano
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | - Audrey Sagnard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Julie Pastiero
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nacim Ezzouhairi
- Centre Hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Perin
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Zakine
- Clinique Saint-Gatien, 37540 Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire, France
| | - Thomas Levasseur
- Centre Hospitalier intercommunal Fréjus-Saint-Raphaël, 83600 Fréjus, France
| | - Iris Ma
- Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Arthur Darmon
- Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, université de Paris, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marine Mevelec
- Centre Hospitalier régional de Orléans, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - Baptiste Duceau
- Université de Paris, PARCC, inserm, 75015 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Willy Sutter
- Université de Paris, PARCC, inserm, 75015 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Delphine Mika
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Charles Fauvel
- Rouen University Hospital, FHU REMOD-VHF, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Théo Pezel
- Lariboisiere hospital, AP-HP, university of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Victor Waldmann
- Université de Paris, PARCC, inserm, 75015 Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Saint-Antoine and Tenon hospitals, AP-HP, Inserm UMRS-ICAN 1166 Sorbonne-Université, French Society of Cardiology 2020-2022, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France.
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