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Nassar WM, El-Kholy WM, El-Sawi MR, El-Shafai NM, Alotaibi BS, Ghamry HI, Shukry M. Ameliorative Effect of Thymoquinone and Thymoquinone Nanoparticles against Diazinon-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: A Possible Protection Mechanism. TOXICS 2023; 11:783. [PMID: 37755793 PMCID: PMC10536923 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of thymoquinone (TQ) have been a significant focus of numerous studies. However, more research is needed to ascertain whether its nano-form can effectively treat or prevent chronic diseases. In this study, we investigated how thymoquinone and its nanoparticles can mitigate liver damage induced by diazinon in male Wistar rats and explored the intracellular mechanisms involved. Forty-two Wistar male rats (n = 42) were randomly allotted into seven groups. Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 (vehicle) consisted of rats that received corn oil via a gastric tube daily. In Group 3 (TQ), rats were given a daily oral administration of TQ (40 mg/kg bw). Group 4 (thymoquinone nanoparticles, NTQ) included rats that received NTQ (0.5 mg/kg bw) orally for 21 days. Group 5 (DZN) involved rats that were administered diazinon (DZN, 15 mg/kg bw) orally. In Group 6 (TQ + DZN), rats first received TQ orally, followed by DZN. Group 7 (NTQ + DZN) consisted of rats receiving NTQ orally, then DZN. After 21 days of treatment, the rats were euthanized. After oral administration of DZN, liver enzymes were significantly elevated (p < 0.05). Additionally, there were noticeable increases in oxidative injury markers, such as nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, redox oxygen radicals, and overall increases in hydrogen peroxide and liver protein carbonyl concentrations. This was accompanied by the upregulation of apoptotic markers (Bax, caspase9, caspase 3, bax/Bcl2 ratio), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), and DNA damage. There was also a noteworthy decrease (p < 0.05) in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and anti-apoptotic markers. However, the oral administration of thymoquinone or its nanoparticle form mitigated these diazinon complications; our histopathological findings corroborated our biochemical and molecular observations. In conclusion, the significant antioxidant properties of thymoquinone, or its nanoparticle form, in tandem with the downregulation of apoptotic markers and inflammatory cytokines, provided a protective effect against hepatic dysfunction caused by diazinon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M. Nassar
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M. El-Kholy
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh R. El-Sawi
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nagi M. El-Shafai
- Nanotechnology Center, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I. Ghamry
- Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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2
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Saima, Anjum I, Najm S, Barkat K, Nafidi HA, Bin Jardan YA, Bourhia M. Caftaric Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Bladder Overactivity in Rats Having Interstitial Cystitis: An In Silico Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28196-28206. [PMID: 38173953 PMCID: PMC10763566 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is the principal unwanted effect associated with the use of cyclophosphamide (CYP). It results in increased oxidative stress, overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines, and bladder overactivity. Patients receiving CYP treatment had severely depreciated quality of life, as the treatment available is not safe and effective. The goal of this study was to assess the protective effect of caftaric acid in CYP-induced IC. IC was induced in female Sprague Dawley by injecting CYP (150 mg/kg, i.p.). In the present study, oral administration of caftaric acid (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg) significantly decreased inflammation. Caftaric acid significantly increased SOD (93%), CAT (92%), and GSH (90%) while decreased iNOS (97%), IL-6 (90%), TGF 1-β (83%), and TNF-α (96%) compared to the diseased. DPPH assay showed the antioxidant capacity comparable to ascorbic acid. Molecular docking of caftaric acid with selected protein targets further confirmed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The cyclophosphamide-induced bladder overactivity had been decreased possibly through the inhibition of M3 receptors, ATP-sensitive potassium channels, calcium channels, and COX enzyme by caftaric acid. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that caftaric acid has a considerable protective role against CYP-induced IC by decreasing the oxidative stress, inflammation, and bladder smooth muscle hyperexcitability. Thus, caftaric acid signifies a likely adjuvant agent in CYP-based chemotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Anjum
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan
| | - Saima Najm
- Department
of Pharmacy, Lahore College of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Lahore 55150, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Barkat
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2325, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
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3
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Sadeghi E, Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of black cumin (Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5439-5454. [PMID: 37155017 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigella sativa and its main bioactive ingredient, thymoquinone, exhibit various pharmacological activities, including neuroprotective, nephroprotective, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-cancer effects. Many studies have been conducted trying to elucidate the molecular signaling pathways that mediate these diverse pharmacological properties of N. sativa and thymoquinone. Accordingly, the goal of this review is to show the effects of N. sativa and thymoquinone on different cell signaling pathways. METHODS The online databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant articles using a list of related keywords such as Nigella sativa, black cumin, thymoquinone, black seed, signal transduction, cell signaling, antioxidant, Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, apoptosis, JAK/STAT, AMPK, MAPK, etc. Only articles published in the English language until May 2022 were included in the present review article. RESULTS Studies indicate that N. sativa and thymoquinone improve antioxidant enzyme activities, effectively scavenges free radicals, and thus protect cells from oxidative stress. They can also regulate responses to oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. N. sativa and thymoquinone can inhibit cancer cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT pathway by upregulating phosphatase and tensin homolog. Thymoquinone can modulate reactive oxygen species levels in tumor cells, arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase as well as affect molecular targets including p53, STAT3 and trigger the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Thymoquinone, by adjusting AMPK, can regulate cellular metabolism and energy hemostasis. Finally, N. sativa and thymoquinone can elevate brain GABA content, and thus it may ameliorate epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the improvement of antioxidant status and prevention of inflammatory process by modulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT pathway appear to be the main mechanisms involved in different pharmacological properties of N. sativa and thymoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nithya G, Santhanasabapathy R, Vanitha MK, Anandakumar P, Sakthisekaran D. Antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic activity of thymoquinone against benzo(a)pyrene-induced experimental lung cancer. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23230. [PMID: 36193556 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that increased consumption of phytochemicals is a comparatively easy and practical strategy to significantly decrease the incidence of cancer. In the present study, we have reported the protective effect of a natural compound, thymoquinone (TQ) against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) was administered twice weekly for four successive weeks and left until 20 weeks to induce lung cancer in mice. TQ (20 mg/kg body weight) was given orally as a pretreatment and posttreatment drug to determine its chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. B(a)P-induced lung cancer-bearing animals displayed cachexia-like symptoms along with an abnormal increase in lung weight and the activities of marker enzymes adenosine deaminase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 5'-nucleotidase and lactate dehydrogenase; tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Furthermore, B(a)P-induced animals showed elevated levels of lipid peroxides with subsequent depletion in the antioxidant status and histological aberrations. These anomalies were accompanied by increased expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 in the lung sections derived from B(a)P-induced animals. On TQ treatment, all the above alterations were returned to near normalcy. Furthermore, TQ administration in B(a)P-induced animals downregulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and induced apoptosis as evidenced by a decrease in cytochrome c, proapoptotic Bax, caspase-3, and p53 with a parallel increase in antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Our present results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of TQ as an antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic agent against B(a)P-induced experimental lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendran Nithya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Manickam Kalappan Vanitha
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Dhanapalan Sakthisekaran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Qiu H, Li J, Huang Y, Shen C, Dai L, Su Q, Zhi Y, Fang Q, Shi C, Li W. Sulfhydryl functionalized hyaluronic acid hydrogels attenuate cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36542863 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acadc2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical management of cyclophosphamide (CYP) results in numerous side effects including hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), which is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress damage. Intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) supplementation, a therapeutic method to restore barrier function of bladder, avoid the stimulation of metabolic toxicants on bladder and reduce inflammatory response, has shown good results in acute or chronic bladder diseases. However, there are unmet medical needs for the treatment of HC to temporarily restore bladder barrier and reduce inflammation. Herein, sulfhydryl functionalized HA (HA-SH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used to prepared a hydrogel system for optimizing the treatment of HC. We systematically evaluated the physicochemical of hydrogels and their roles in a rat model of CYP-induced HC. The prepared hydrogels exhibited outstanding gel forming properties, injectability, and biosafety. Swelling and retention studies showed that hydrogels were stable and could prolong the residence time of HA in the bladder. Histopathology and vascular permeability studies indicated that the hydrogels significantly attenuated bladder injury caused by CYP administration. Moreover, the hydrogels also showed excellent anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation properties. In conclusion, these data suggest that intravesical instillation of HA-SH/DMSO hydrogels reduces CYP-induced bladder toxicity and this work provides a new strategy for the prevention and early treatment of HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Qiu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuandi Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongxing Shen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyong Dai
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Su
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhi
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Fang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibing Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
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6
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Alam T, Shahid F, Abidi S, Parwez I, Khan F. Thymoquinone supplementation mitigates arsenic-induced cytotoxic and genotoxic alterations in rat liver. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127067. [PMID: 36155422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic, a widespread environmental toxin, produces multiple organ toxicity, including hepatotoxicity. Thymoquinone (TQ) is known to restore liver functions in several hepatic injury models. This study aims to assess the mitigative potential of TQ against sodium arsenate (NaAs)-induced cytotoxic and genotoxic alterations in the liver. Rats were randomly distributed to control, NaAs, TQ, and NaAs+TQ groups. NaAs+TQ and TQ group of rats were pre-treated with TQ (1.5 mg/kg bwt, orally) for 14 days, and the treatment was further continued for 30 days, with and without NaAs treatment (5 mg/kg bwt, orally), respectively. The deleterious histological alterations in the liver of arsenic intoxicated animals were accompanied by an upsurge in the activities of serum ALT and AST, the diagnostic indicators of liver injury. NaAs caused pronounced alterations in the activities of membrane marker and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of hepatic antioxidant defense. Significant hepatocyte DNA damage and hepatic arsenic accumulation were also observed in arsenic-exposed rats. TQ supplementation alleviated these adverse alterations and improved the overall hepatic metabolic and antioxidant status in NaAs-administered rats. Prevention of oxidative injury could be the key mechanism of TQ-elicited protective effects. TQ may have an excellent scope as a dietary supplement in the management of arsenic-induced hepatic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faaiza Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subuhi Abidi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Iqbal Parwez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Farah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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7
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Juszczak K, Adamowicz J, Zapała Ł, Kluz T, Adamczyk P, Wdowiak A, Bojar I, Misiek M, Grzybowska ME, Stangel-Wójcikiewicz K, Poleszak E, Pokrywczyńska M, Drewa T, Wróbel A. Potentilla chinensis aqueous extract attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rat model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13076. [PMID: 35906474 PMCID: PMC9338276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) damages all mucosal defence lines and induces hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) leading to detrusor overactivity. Patients who undergo combined chemio-radiotherapy are at higher risk of HC. Potentilla chinensis extract (PCE) prevent oxidative stress-dependent diseases. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of PCE on urinary bladder function in CYP-induced HC in preclinical study. 60 rats were divided into 4 groups, as follows: I—control, II—rats with CYP-induced HC, III—rats received PCE in dose of 500 mg/kg, and IV—rats with CYP-induced HC which received PCE in dose of 500 mg/kg. PCE or vehicle were administered orally for 14 days. The cystometry was performed 3 days after the last dose of the PCE. Next, urothelium thickness and oedema measurement and biochemical analyses were performed. Cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis. PCE had no influence on the urinary bladder function and micturition cycles in normal rats. PCE diminished the severity of CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. In the urothelium the cyclophosphamide induced the elevation of CGRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, OTC3, NIT, and MAL. Also, the level of T-H protein, HB-EGF, and ZO1 was decreased. Moreover, the level of ROCK1 and VAChT in detrusor muscle increased. cyclophosphamide caused an increased concentration of BDNF and NGF in the urine. In turn, PCE in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis caused a reversal of the described biochemical changes within urothelium, detrusor muscle and urine. PCE attenuates detrusor overactivity. In conclusion, our results revealed that PCE attenuates detrusor overactivity in case of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. The potential properties of PCE appear to be important in terms of preventing of oxidative stress-dependent dysfunction of urinary bladder. PCE may become a potential supportive treatment in patient to whom cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Juszczak
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jan Adamowicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zapała
- Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Przemysław Adamczyk
- Department of General and Oncological Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Torun, Poland
| | - Artur Wdowiak
- Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Bojar
- Department of Women's Health, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Misiek
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Emilia Grzybowska
- Department of GynecologyGynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Poleszak
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Pokrywczyńska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954, Lublin, Poland.
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8
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Prajapati C, Agrawal YO, Agnihotri VV, Mahajan UB, Patil KR, Patil DD, Patil CR. Development and biological evaluation of protective effect of kidney targeted N-acetylated chitosan nanoparticles containing thymoquinone for the treatment of DNA damage in cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:391-401. [PMID: 35714868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), the most prominent constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, essential oil, is reported to possess an organ protective effect via Nrf2 expression and activation of Phase-II antioxidant enzymes. Haemorrhagic cystitis is the sudden onset of haematuria combined with bladder pain and irritable bladder symptoms are the known toxic effects of cyclophosphamide (CYP) chemotherapy. The objective of the present study was to investigate and compare the protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and thymoquinone nanoparticles (TQ-NP) in the kidney against CYP-induced haemorrhagic cystitis. Primarily, TQ-NP was fabricated by synthesis of N-acetylated chitosan and nanoparticle preparation by the ionic gelation technique. They were characterized by particle size, polydispersive index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE), SEM, and dynamic scattering calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled NPs were prepared for biodistribution studies. The protective mechanisms of TQ-NP included its anti-inflammatory activity, inhibitory effects on cytokine levels, and protection against the DNA damage in the bladder epithelium. The cystitis was induced in rats by orally administering 200 mg/kg of CYP. The dose-dependent protective effect of the TQ-NP was determined by intravenously administering 1, 2, and 5 mg/kg of the TQ-NP to CYP-treated rats. The present study revealed that the TQ-NP prepared by ionic gelation method provides kidney targeted delivery of TQ as compared to TQ solution. The mean particle size, PDI, and %EE of TQ-NP were 272.6 nm, 0.216, 70.81 ± 0.12% respectively. The zeta potential of thymoquinone-loaded nanoparticles was found to be -20.7 mV and - 22.6 mV respectively before and after lyophilization. SEM study also confirmed the small size and spherical shape. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed the improvement in half-life and prolonged action of the TQ-NP as compared to the TQ solution. Also, TQ-NP administration showed more protection against the characteristic histological alterations in the bladder in comparison to TQ solution. The present study indicates that TQ-NP exerts potent anti-oxidant, DNA protective and cytokine inhibitory activity at considerably lower concentrations as compared to plain TQ solution. The nano formulation of TQ using N-acetylated chitosan provides effective kidney targeted delivery of TQ, which in turn improves its retention and protective efficacy against CYP-induced haemorrhagic cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yogeeta O Agrawal
- Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vinit V Agnihotri
- Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Umesh B Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalpesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dipak D Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India.
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9
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Kacar S, Sahinturk V, Tomsuk O, Kutlu HM. The effects of thymoquinone and quercetin on the toxicity of acrylamide in rat glioma cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22992. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Kacar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Varol Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Ozlem Tomsuk
- Department of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Biotechnology and Biosafety Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Hatice M. Kutlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Eskisehir Technical University Eskisehir Turkey
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10
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Farooq J, Sultana R, Taj T, Asdaq SMB, Alsalman AJ, Mohaini MA, Al Hawaj MA, Kamal M, Alghamdi S, Imran M, Shahin H, Tabassum R. Insights into the Protective Effects of Thymoquinone against Toxicities Induced by Chemotherapeutic Agents. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010226. [PMID: 35011457 PMCID: PMC8746502 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The drugs used to treat cancer not only kill fast-growing cancer cells, but also kill or slow the growth of healthy cells, causing systemic toxicities that lead to altered functioning of normal cells. Most chemotherapeutic agents have serious toxicities associated with their use, necessitating extreme caution and attention. There is a growing interest in herbal remedies because of their pharmacological activities, minimal side effects, and low cost. Thymoquinone, a major component of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa Linn, also known as black cumin or black seeds, is commonly used in Middle Eastern countries as a condiment. It is also utilized for medicinal purposes and possesses antidiabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. This review attempts to compile the published literature demonstrating thymoquinone's protective effect against chemotherapeutic drug-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juveriya Farooq
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Rokeya Sultana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
- Correspondence: or (R.S.); or (S.M.B.A.)
| | - Tahreen Taj
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (R.S.); or (S.M.B.A.)
| | - Abdulkhaliq J. Alsalman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Al Mohaini
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Thuwal 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maitham A. Al Hawaj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Haleema Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruheena Tabassum
- Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (J.F.); (T.T.); (H.S.); (R.T.)
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11
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Ni B, Chen Z, Shu L, Shao Y, Huang Y, Tamrat NE, Wei Z, Shen B. Nrf2 Pathway Ameliorates Bladder Dysfunction in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis via Suppression of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4009308. [PMID: 34306306 PMCID: PMC8279868 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4009308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in interstitial cystitis (IC). METHODS We established a mouse model of IC by cyclophosphamide (CYP) in wild-type mice and Nrf2 gene knockout mice. We examined the histological and functional alterations, the changes of oxidative stress markers, and the expression of the antioxidant genes downstream of Nrf2 pathway. RESULTS After CYP administration, the mice showed urinary frequency and urgency, pain sensitization, decreased contractility, bladder edema, and oxidative stress disorder. Notably, the Nrf2-/- CYP mice had more severe symptoms. The mRNA and protein levels of antioxidant genes downstream of Nrf2 pathway were significantly upregulated in the Nrf2+/+ CYP mice, while there were no significant changes in the Nrf2-/- CYP mice. CONCLUSION Nrf2 pathway protects bladder injury and ameliorates bladder dysfunction in IC, possibly by upregulating antioxidant genes and inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ni
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhengsen Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Le Shu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yunpeng Shao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Nebiyu Elias Tamrat
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhongqing Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Baixin Shen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
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12
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Sarkar C, Jamaddar S, Islam T, Mondal M, Islam MT, Mubarak MS. Therapeutic perspectives of the black cumin component thymoquinone: A review. Food Funct 2021; 12:6167-6213. [PMID: 34085672 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00401h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dietary phytochemical thymoquinone (TQ), belonging to the family of quinones, mainly obtained from the black and angular seeds of Nigella sativa, is one of the promising monoterpenoid hydrocarbons, which has been receiving massive attention for its therapeutic potential and pharmacological properties. It plays an important role as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent in the treatment of various diseases and illnesses. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the most recent literature pertaining to the use of TQ for the prevention and treatment of various diseases along with possible mechanisms of action, and the potential use of this natural product as a complementary or alternative medicine. Research findings indicated that TQ exhibits numerous pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and anticancer, among others. Conclusions of this review on the therapeutic aspects of TQ highlight the medicinal and folk values of this compound against various diseases and ailments. In short, TQ could be a novel drug in clinical trials, as we hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh.
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Wróbel A, Zapała Ł, Kluz T, Rogowski A, Misiek M, Juszczak K, Sieńko J, Gold D, Stangel-Wójcikiewicz K, Poleszak E, Radziszewski P. The Potential of Asiatic Acid in the Reversion of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115853. [PMID: 34072606 PMCID: PMC8198845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if asiatic acid may act efficiently in the model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis in rats. We performed experiments after administration of CYP (single dose 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), asiatic acid (30 mg/kg/day for 14 consecutive days, by oral gavage), or CYP plus asiatic acid, during which conscious cystometry, measurements of urothelium thickness and bladder edema, as well as selected biomarkers analyses were conducted. In rats that received asiatic acid together with CYP, a drop in bladder basal pressure, detrusor overactivity index, non-voiding contraction amplitude, non-voiding contraction frequency, and the area under the pressure curve were observed, when compared to the CYP group. Furthermore, a significant increase in threshold pressure, voided volume, intercontraction interval, bladder compliance, and volume threshold to elicit NVC were found in that group accordingly. Administration of the asiatic acid successfully restored concentrations of biomarkers both in bladder urothelium (BDNF, CGRP, OCT-3, IL-1β, IL-6, NGF, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, SV2A, SNAP23, SNAP25, PAC-1, ORM1, occludin, IGFBP-3, HB-EGF, T–H protein, Z01, and HPX) and detrusor muscle (Rho kinase and VAChT) in CYP-treated rats. Finally, asiatic acid significantly decreased urothelium thickness and bladder oedema. Asiatic acid proved to be a potent and effective drug in the rat model of CYP-induced cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Łukasz Zapała
- Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Artur Rogowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mother and Child Institute, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Misiek
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-377 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Kajetan Juszczak
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Sieńko
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Daniela Gold
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | | | - Ewa Poleszak
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Radziszewski
- Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland;
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Shruthi S, Shenoy KB. Gallic acid: A promising genoprotective and hepatoprotective bioactive compound against cyclophosphamide induced toxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:123-131. [PMID: 32902929 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent and is also known to interact with specific biological molecules and produce numerous side effects such as genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity and nephrotoxicity. CP induces genotoxicity by generating oxygen/nitrogen derived free radicals during chemotherapy and causes DNA damage. Hence, to overcome such side effects of chemotherapeutic agents antioxidants are recommended. Gallic acid (GA) a phenolic compound is commonly exists in variety of fruits and in many plants. In the present study, genoprotecive effects of GA against CP induced genotoxicity in Swiss albino mice were evaluated by using comet assay, bone marrow, and peripheral micronucleus (MN) assays. CP produced oxidative stress induced hepatic damage was assessed by estimating the activity of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione content (GSH), and also by examining the histological alterations induced by CP in hepatic tissue of mice. It was noticed that, GA pretreatment significantly reduced the frequency of MN and DNA strand breaks induced by CP. GA also protected the hepatic tissue against CP induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated damage and was evident by increased levels of liver SOD and GSH. GA ameliorated the histological changes induced by CP in hepatic tissue. These findings suggest that, GA is a versatile antioxidant with promising protection against CP induced genotoxicity and hepatic damage in Swiss albino mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shruthi
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Applied Zoology, Alva's College, Moodubidire, India
| | - K Bhasker Shenoy
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Biological and therapeutic activities of thymoquinone: Focus on the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1739-1753. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas United States
- Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc San Antonio Texas United States
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) Birjand Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
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Agrawal YO, Mahajan UB, Mahajan HS, Ojha S. Methotrexate-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Gel Alleviates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis by Moderating Inflammation: Formulation, Optimization, Characterization, In-Vitro and In-Vivo Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4763-4778. [PMID: 32753865 PMCID: PMC7354956 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s247007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methotrexate exhibits poor cutaneous bioavailability and systemic side effects on topical administration, so there is an unmet need for a novel carrier and its optimized therapy. Methotrexate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (MTXNLCs) were formulated and characterized to determine in vitro drug release and evaluate the role of MTXNLC gel in the topical treatment of psoriasis. METHODS A solvent diffusion technique was employed to prepare MTXNLCs, which was optimized using 32 full factorial designs. The mean diameter and surface morphology of MTXNLCs was evaluated. The crystallinity of lyophilized MTXNLCs was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). MTXNLCs were integrated in 1% w/w Carbopol 934 P gel base, and in vitro skin deposition studies in human cadaver skin (HCS) were carried out. RESULTS The optimized MTXNLCs were rod-shaped, with an average particle size of 253 ± 8.65 nm, a zeta potential of -26.4±0.86 mV, and EE of 54.00±1.49%. DSC and XRD data confirmed the formation of NLCs. Significantly higher deposition of MTX was found in HCS from MTXNLC gel (71.52 ±1.13%) as compared to MTX plain gel (38.48±0.96%). In vivo studies demonstrated significant improvement in therapeutic response and reduction in local side effects with MTXNLCs-loaded gel in the topical treatment of psoriasis. Anti-psoriatic efficacy of MTXNLCs 100 ug/cm2 compared with plain MTX gel was evaluated using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis in BALB/c mice. The topical application of MTXNLCs to the mouse ear resulted in a significant reduction of psoriatic area and severity index, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and IMQ-induced histopathological alterations in mouse ear samples. CONCLUSION Developed formulation of MTXNLC gel demonstrated better anti-psoriatic activity and also displayed prolonged and sustained release effect, which shows that it can be a promising alternative to existing MTX formulation for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogeeta O Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra425405, India
| | - Umesh B Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra425405, India
| | - Hitendra S Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra425405, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Thymoquinone-chemotherapeutic combinations: new regimen to combat cancer and cancer stem cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1581-1598. [PMID: 32458010 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a worldwide disease that causes millions of cases of mortality and morbidity. The major problem associated with the cancer is its resistance to conventional therapy and a high relapse rate. The use of chemotherapy to treat cancer began at the start of the twentieth century with attempts to control cancer. In time advance, many cancer chemotherapeutic agents have been developed for cancer treatment with different mechanisms of action including the alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antimicrotubule, topoisomerase inhibitors, and cytotoxic antibiotics, all of which have toxic effects toward normal cells in the body. Here, we reviewed chemotherapeutics' anticancer role potentiation and safety by thymoquinone (TQ) alone or in combination with the most common therapeutic drugs. Our search was done through PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Taylor & Francis Online, Wiley Online Library, Nature publication group, SAGE Journals, and Web of Science databases. We recognized that TQ-chemotherapeutics combination increased chemo-modulation to the anticancer effect of different chemotherapeutics and protected the normal body cells from the toxic injuries that are induced by chemotherapeutics based on its antioxidant power. Moreover, the current study investigates the possible combinatory effect of TQ and chemotherapeutics to control cancer stem cells through molecular docking targeting of wingless/integrated (Wnt) and Hedgehog (Hh). We found that TQ modulates the Wnt and Hh pathways, by binding with tankyrase-2 and smoothened 7TM receptor, respectively, more efficiently than most chemotherapeutics drugs, while methotrexate showed high-binding affinity compared with TQ. Therefore, we encourage researchers to investigate the chemo-modulatory potential and protective effects of TQ in combination with chemotherapeutics for either cancer or cancer stem cell treatment.
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The Role of Antioxidants in Ameliorating Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4965171. [PMID: 32454939 PMCID: PMC7238386 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4965171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide has previously been shown to induce complications within the setting of bone marrow transplantation. More recently, cardiotoxicity has been shown to be a dose-limiting factor during cyclophosphamide therapy, and cardiooncology is getting wider attention. Though mechanism of cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity is not completely understood, it is thought to encompass oxidative and nitrative stress. As such, this review focuses on antioxidants and their role in preventing or ameliorating cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. It will give special emphasis to the cardioprotective effects of natural, plant-derived antioxidants that have garnered significant interest in recent times.
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Fan P, Han B, Hu H, Wei Q, Zhang X, Meng L, Nie J, Tang X, Tian X, Zhang L, Wang L, Li J. Proteome of thymus and spleen reveals that 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid could enhance immunity in mice. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:267-279. [PMID: 32077781 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1733529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA), a unique component of royal jelly existing only in nature, has the potential to promote human health. Knowledge of 10-HDA in regulating immuno-activity, however, is lacking. The aim of our work is to gain a novel understanding of 10-HDA in promoting immunity.Methods: Immuno-suppressed mice were generated by cyclophosphamide injection, After 10-HDA supplementation to the mice to rescue their immunity, the proteomes of the thymus and spleen were analyzed.Results: The weight of the body, thymus, and spleen in cyclophosphamide-induced mice recovered by 10-HDA indicate its potential role in immuno-organ protection. In the thymus, the enhanced activity of pathways associated with DNA/RNA/protein activities may be critical for T-lymphocyte proliferation/differentiation, and cytotoxicity. In the spleen, the induced pathways involved in DNA/RNA/protein activities, and cell proliferative stimulation suggest their vital role in B-lymphocyte affinity maturation, antigen presentation, and macrophage activity. The up-regulated proteins highly connected in networks modulated by 10-HDA indicate that the mice may evolve tactics to respond to immuno-organ impairment by activating critical physiological processes.Conclusion: Our data constitute a proof-of-concept that 10-HDA is a potential agent to improve immunity in the thymus and spleen and offer a new venue for applying natural products to the therapy for hypoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Henan Jianda Bio Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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20
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Al Fayi M, Otifi H, Alshyarba M, Dera AA, Rajagopalan P. Thymoquinone and curcumin combination protects cisplatin-induced kidney injury, nephrotoxicity by attenuating NFκB, KIM-1 and ameliorating Nrf2/HO-1 signalling. J Drug Target 2020; 28:913-922. [PMID: 31983246 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1722136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the protective effects of Thymoquinone (Tq) and Curcumin (Cur) in models of cisplatin-induced renal toxicity. Proliferation studies were carried out in HEK-293 cells. Cisplatin(ip) 5 mg/kg BW was used to induce renal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. 50 mg/kg BW Tq + 100 mg/kg BW Cur, with or without cisplatin-treatment were administered for 5 days. Tq + Cur combination synergistically reduced the proliferation inhibition of HEK-293 cells resulted from cisplatin treatment and brought down cisplatin-induced apoptosis in these cells. In vitro studies revealed serum levels of BUN, creatinine, CK and pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6 and MRP-1 to be elevated in the cisplatin-treated group while reducing glomerular filtration rate. Tq + Cur treatment significantly improved these conditions. The antioxidant enzyme levels and mitochondrial ATPases were restored upon treatment, which were lessened in the cisplatin-treated group. Cisplatin induced the expression of KIM-1, which was brought down by the combination treatment. Tq + Cur treatment increased the expressions of phosphorylated Akt, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins while decreasing the levels of cleaved caspase 3 and NFκB in kidney homogenates. In summary, Tq + Cur had protective effects on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and renal injury, which could be mediated by up-regulation of survival signals like Akt, Nrf2/HO-1 and attenuation of KIM-1, NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Al Fayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Otifi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mishari Alshyarba
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayed A Dera
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prasanna Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Khairnar SI, Mahajan UB, Patil KR, Patel HM, Shinde SD, Goyal SN, Belemkar S, Ojha S, Patil CR. Disulfiram and Its Copper Chelate Attenuate Cisplatin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Rats Via Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 193:174-184. [PMID: 30825159 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of cisplatin (CP) in chemotherapy of resistant cancers is limited due to its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Disulfiram (DSF), the aversion therapy for alcoholism, has recently emerged as an anticancer and chemopreventive agent. Its anticancer activity is potentiated in the presence of copper. However, such use of copper leads to several adverse effects. In the present study, the protective effect of DSF and its copper chelate (Cu-DEDC) against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats was evaluated. Nephrotoxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of CP (5 mg/kg). The treatment groups included control (vehicle treated), CP (CP-treated), CP + DSF (CP followed by DSF), CP + DSF + Cu (CP followed by DSF and CuCl2), CP + Cu-DEDC (CP followed by Cu-DEDC), and CP + AMF (amifostine pre-treated and CP-treated). The DSF, Cu-DEDC, and CuCl2 were administered orally at 50 mM/kg/day dose for 5 days post CP injection. AMF served as a standard chemo protectant, administered intravenously 30 min prior to CP. The markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and kidney function estimated on the 6th day revealed that both DSF and Cu-DEDC significantly attenuated the CP-induced rise in the serum/urine creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The CP-induced rise in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) was reversed by these drugs. Both drugs reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO) in kidney tissues. These drugs reversed CP-induced depletion of SOD, catalase, and GSH in the kidneys. There was a significant reduction in the CP-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production along with prevention of histological alterations. Above observations indicate that DSF and Cu-DEDC may have significance as adjuvants to protect against CP-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha I Khairnar
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Umesh B Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Kalpesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Harun M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sachin D Shinde
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
- Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, Maharashtra, 424001, India
| | - Sateesh Belemkar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, India, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India.
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Jiang R, Xu X, Sun Z, Wang F, Ma R, Feng K, Li T, Sun L. Protective Effects of Ginseng Proteins on Photoaging of Mouse Fibroblasts Induced by
UVA. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 96:113-123. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology College of Science Beihua University Jilin City Jilin Province China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun Jilin Province China
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun Jilin Province China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology College of Science Beihua University Jilin City Jilin Province China
| | - Fei Wang
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology College of Science Beihua University Jilin City Jilin Province China
| | - Rui Ma
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology College of Science Beihua University Jilin City Jilin Province China
| | - Kai Feng
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology College of Science Beihua University Jilin City Jilin Province China
| | - Tong Li
- Departments of Pathology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Liwei Sun
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun Jilin Province China
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Iqubal A, Sharma S, Ansari MA, Najmi AK, Syed MA, Ali J, Alam MM, Ahmad S, Haque SE. Nerolidol attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced cardiac inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis in Swiss Albino mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172666. [PMID: 31541628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Incidence and prevalence of cancer is an alarming situation globally. For the treatment of cancer many anticancer drugs have been developed but, unfortunately, their potential cardiotoxic side effects raised serious concerns about their use among clinicians. Cyclophosphamide is a potent anticancer and immunosuppressant drug but its use is limited due to cardiotoxic side effect. Thus, there is a need for the development of certain drug which can reduce cardiotoxicity and can be used as an adjuvant therapy in cancer patients. In this direction we, therefore planned to evaluate nerolidol (NER) for its cardioprotective potential against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in Swiss Albino mice. Animals were divided into 6 groups. Vehicle control; Cyclophosphamide (CP 200); NER 400 per se; NER 200 + CP 200; NER 400 + CP 200; and fenofibrate (FF 80) + CP 200. Dosing was done for 14 days along with a single dose of CP 200 on the 7th day. On 15th day animals were sacrificed and various biochemical parameters pertaining to oxidative stress, nitrative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis were estimated in the blood and heart tissues. Histopathological analysis (H & E and Masson's trichrome staining); ultrastructural analysis (transmission electron microscopy) and immunohistochemical analysis were also performed along with mRNA expression and molecular docking to establish the cardioprotective potential of nerolidol. Nerolidol acted as a potent cardioprotective molecule and attenuated CP-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Asif Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Shaniya Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Thymoquinone prevents neurodegeneration against MPTP in vivo and modulates α-synuclein aggregation in vitro. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:115-126. [PMID: 31028778 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration with a concomitant increase in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Recent studies have focused on targeting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress to effectively treat PD. The present study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) against 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in a PD mouse model. TQ (10 mg/kg body weight [b. wt.]) was administered for 1 week prior to MPTP (25 mg/kg b. wt.). MPTP administration caused oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, a depletion of reduced glutathione, and a concomitant rise in malondialdehyde. It also significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and elevated inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the striatum. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed dopamine neuron loss in the SNc and decreased dopamine transporters in the striatum following MPTP administration; however, these were rescued by TQ treatment. TQ treatment further restored antioxidant enzymes, prevented glutathione depletion, inhibited lipid peroxidation, and attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokines. TQ also decreased the raised levels of inflammatory mediators, such as COX-2 and iNOS. Therefore, TQ is thought to protect against MPTP-induced PD and the observed neuroprotective effects are attributed to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the in vitro analysis found that TQ significantly inhibited α-synuclein aggregation and prevented cell death induced by pre-formed fibrils. Thus, TQ not only scavenges the MPTP-induced toxicity but also prevents α-synuclein-fibril formation and its associated toxicity.
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The Ameliorating Effect of Plasma Protein from Tachypleus tridentatus on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040227. [PMID: 30991714 PMCID: PMC6521031 DOI: 10.3390/md17040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the study, the protective effect of plasma protein from Tachypleus tridentatus (PPTT) on acute kidney injury (AKI) and the related molecular mechanisms were first investigated by Western blotting analyses, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay, and immunohistochemistry. It was found that PPTT had an obviously inhibitory effect on Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-exposed mice. Furthermore, results demonstrated that the renal cell death mode is due to inducing apoptosis and autophagy inhibited by dose-dependent PPTT in mice treated with CTX by decreasing the protein expression of bax, beclin-1, and LC3 and increasing the expression of bcl-2. Moreover, the p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were observed to take part in the PPTT-induced renal cell growth effect by enhancing the upregulation of the expression of Akt and p-Akt as well as the downregulation of the expression of p38 and p-p38, which indicated a PPTT ameliorating effect on AKI CTX-induced in mice through p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Briefly, this article preliminarily studies the mechanism of the PPTT ameliorating effect on AKI CTX-induced in mice, which helps to provide a reference for PPTT clinical application in AKI therapy.
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Uroprotective effect of pantoprazole against cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in mice. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:4273-4281. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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IPSE, a urogenital parasite-derived immunomodulatory protein, ameliorates ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis through downregulation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1586. [PMID: 30733505 PMCID: PMC6367514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ifosfamide and other oxazaphosphorines can result in hemorrhagic cystitis, a constellation of complications caused by acrolein metabolites. We previously showed that a single dose of IPSE (Interleukin-4-inducing principle from Schistosoma eggs), a schistosome-derived host modulatory protein, can ameliorate ifosfamide-related cystitis; however, the mechanisms underlying this urotoxicity and its prevention are not fully understood. To provide insights into IPSE’s protective mechanism, we undertook transcriptional profiling of bladders from ifosfamide-treated mice, with or without pretreatment with IPSE or IPSE-NLS (a mutant of IPSE lacking nuclear localization sequence). Ifosfamide treatment upregulated a range of proinflammatory genes. The IL-1β-TNFα-IL-6 proinflammatory cascade via NFκB and STAT3 pathways was identified as the key driver of inflammation. The NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathway, which regulates heme homoeostasis and expression of antioxidant enzymes, was highly activated. Anti-inflammatory cascades, namely Wnt, Hedgehog and PPAR pathways, were downregulated. IPSE drove significant downregulation of major proinflammatory pathways including the IL-1β-TNFα-IL-6 pathways, interferon signaling, and reduction in oxidative stress. IPSE-NLS reduced inflammation but not oxidative stress. Taken together, we have identified signatures of acute-phase inflammation and oxidative stress in ifosfamide-injured bladder, which are reversed by pretreatment with IPSE. This work revealed several pathways that could be therapeutically targeted to prevent ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
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Iqubal A, Iqubal MK, Sharma S, Ansari MA, Najmi AK, Ali SM, Ali J, Haque SE. Molecular mechanism involved in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity: Old drug with a new vision. Life Sci 2018; 218:112-131. [PMID: 30552952 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an important anticancer drug which belongs to the class of alkylating agent. Cyclophosphamide is mostly used in bone marrow transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, neuroblastoma and other types of cancer. Dose-related cardiotoxicity is a limiting factor for its use. CP-induced cardiotoxicity ranges from 7 to 28% and mortality ranges from 11 to 43% at the therapeutic dose of 170-180 mg/kg, i.v. CP undergoes hepatic metabolism that results in the production of aldophosphamide. Aldophosphamide decomposes into phosphoramide mustard & acrolein. Phosphoramide is an active neoplastic agent, and acrolein is a toxic metabolite which acts on the myocardium and endothelial cells. This is the first review article that talks about cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity and the different signaling pathways involved in its pathogenicity. Based on the available literature, CP is accountable for cardiomyocytes energy pool alteration by affecting the heart fatty acid binding proteins (H-FABP). CP has been found associated with cardiomyocytes apoptosis, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, calcium dysregulation, endoplasmic reticulum damage, and mitochondrial damage. Molecular mechanism of cardiotoxicity has been discussed in detail through crosstalk of Nrf2/ARE, Akt/GSK-3β/NFAT/calcineurin, p53/p38MAPK, NF-kB/TLR-4, and Phospholamban/SERCA-2a signaling pathway. Based on the available literature we support the fact that metabolites of CP are responsible for cardiotoxicity due to depletion of antioxidants/ATP level, altered contractility, damaged endothelium and enhanced pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic activities resulting into cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Dose adjustment, elimination/excretion of acrolein and maintenance of endogenous antioxidant pool could be the therapeutic approach to mitigate the toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Asif Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Mansoor Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia,110025 New Delhi, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Zidan AAA, El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, Ebeid EZM, Salem ML, Mosalam EM. Loading of doxorubicin and thymoquinone with F2 gel nanofibers improves the antitumor activity and ameliorates doxorubicin-associated nephrotoxicity. Life Sci 2018; 207:461-470. [PMID: 29885348 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to elucidate the benefits of nanoformulation of doxorubicin (DOX) and thymoquinone (TQ) loaded with nanofibers of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (pGlcNAc), which is known as F2 gel, over their conventional free forms. Moreover, evaluate the role of TQ in improving chemotherapeutic effect and ameliorating nephrotoxicity of DOX. MAIN METHODS The drugs were loaded into F2 gel followed by measurement of physicochemical characterization. Next, MCF-7 and HEPG2 cells were treated with the prepared formulations and assessed for apoptosis alongside with cellular proliferation. Furthermore, we experimentally induced Heps liver carcinoma in mice and at the end of the treatment, mice were sacrificed and serum samples were used to assess nephrotoxicity markers; blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Additionally, renal tissue was used for determination of oxidative markers and antioxidant enzymes; whereas, tumor tissue was utilized to measure nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase 3. KEY FINDINGS Nanoformulation showed dramatic increase in apoptosis, caspase 3, and antioxidant enzymes; in contrast to, dramatic fall in cell viability, tumor volume, oxidative and nephrotoxicity markers, and NF-κB compared to corresponding free therapies. Combined therapy was superior in conserving the measured parameters compared to other treated groups. SIGNIFICANCE F2 gel loaded with DOX and TQ revealed enhanced antitumor activity with minimal toxicity. Moreover, using TQ as an adjuvant with DOX could augment its cytotoxicity and ameliorate nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Aziz A Zidan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt; Center of Excellence in cancer Research (CECR), Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | | | - Eman G Khedr
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - El-Zeiny M Ebeid
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Salem
- Immunology and Biotechnology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Esraa M Mosalam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt
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Sonawane VK, Mahajan UB, Shinde SD, Chatterjee S, Chaudhari SS, Bhangale HA, Ojha S, Goyal SN, Kundu CN, Patil CR. A Chemosensitizer Drug: Disulfiram Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 18:459-470. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Vasaikar N, Mahajan U, Patil KR, Suchal K, Patil CR, Ojha S, Goyal SN. D-pinitol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 290:6-11. [PMID: 29752894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin has been widely used as a first-line agent against various forms of solid cancers. However, nephrotoxicity is the major limiting factor for its clinical use. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies have suggested different strategies for the reduction of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of D-Pinitol, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg) was used to induce nephrotoxicity in mice. Administration of cisplatin in mice is linked with elevated oxidative stress, imbalanced biochemical parameters, apoptosis and stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. D-Pinitol is a member of the flavonoid family and a chief constituent of Sutherlandia fruitesecnce. It was administered with saline water (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for seven consecutive days after a single dose of cisplatin. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and biochemical parameters in serum and urine were recorded. Kidneys were isolated for the estimation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interlukin-6 levels and histopathological evaluations. It was noted that D-Pinitol significantly ameliorated biochemical levels of serum and urinary creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Tissue homogenate levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and the renal expression of tissue nitrites were also significantly decreased in D-Pinitol treated mice. These results were supplemented by histopathological findings. This study highlights the potential role of D-Pinitol against cisplatin-induced toxicity, exhibited through favorable alterations in biochemical and histological changes as well as reduction in oxidative stress and cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita Vasaikar
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Umesh Mahajan
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalpesh R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Chandragouda R Patil
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Cardiovascular & Diabetes Division, Department of Pharmacology, R.C.Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka, Shirpur, 425405, Dhule, Maharashtra, India; SVKM, Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India.
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Rani R, Dahiya S, Dhingra D, Dilbaghi N, Kim KH, Kumar S. Improvement of antihyperglycemic activity of nano-thymoquinone in rat model of type-2 diabetes. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 295:119-132. [PMID: 29421519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone is a bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa seeds. It has been reported to possess antihyperglycemic effect in rats. However, the effect of nanoformulation (NF) of thymoquinone has not been reported in literature. So, the present study was designed with the aim to investigate the effect of nanoformulation of thymoquinone in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetic rats and compare its effect with pure bioactive compound as well as metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug. It is the first study reporting the use of thymoquinone NF against diabetes. Polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) of thymoquinone and metformin were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using gum rosin, a biocompatible polymer. Box-Behnken statistical analysis tool was used for the optimization of polymer and other excipients. The NCs were then characterized with respect to particle size, stability, morphology, and in vitro drug dissolution profiles. Furthermore, thymoquinone (20, 40 & 80 mg/kg), metformin (150 mg/kg) and their nanoformulations (20, 40 & 80 mg/kg for thymoquinone and 80 mg/kg for metformin) per se were administered for 21 successive days to type-2 diabetic rats. Body weight and blood glucose levels were measured every week for 3 weeks. Serum lipid profile and glycosylated hemoglobin were estimated on 22nd day. The nanocapsules were stable, spherical in shape and size was less than 100 nm. Thymoquinone-and metformin-loaded NCs showed sustained release profile as compared to their pure forms. Oral administration of thymoquinone, metformin and their nanoformulations significantly decreased blood glucose level and glycated haemoglobin; and improved the lipid profile of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control rats. Thymoquinone-loaded NCs (containing 10, 20 and 40 mg of thymoquinone) produced dose-dependent antihyperglycemic effect and this effect was comparable to thymoquinone and metformin. In conclusion, thymoquinone nanocapsules (actually containing half of the doses of thymoquinone) produced better antihyperglycemic effect in type-2 diabetic rats as compared to thymoquinone alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rani
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Shakti Dahiya
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Dinesh Dhingra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and NanoTechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India.
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, Ebeid EZM, Salem ML, Zidan AAA, Mosalam EM. Enhanced anticancer effect and reduced toxicity of doxorubicin in combination with thymoquinone released from poly-N-acetyl glucosamine nanomatrix in mice bearing solid Ehrlish carcinoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:525-532. [PMID: 28890201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer remarkably increases all over the world. Therefore, there is a great demand to introduce new approaches into cancer treatment field. The current study was designated to evaluate the role of doxorubicin (DOX) and/or thymoquinone (TQ) nanomatrix in potentiating the cytotoxicity of either drug, and to investigate the ability of TQ to reduce cardiotoxicity of DOX in solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC)-bearing mice. DOX and TQ were loaded into F2 gel, which is a fully-acetylated poly-N-acetyl glucosamine nanofiber. SEC was induced in female albino mice as a model for experimentally induced breast cancer. Mice were randomly divided into eight groups (n=10): normal control, tumor control, F2 gel, free DOX, DOX+F2 gel, free TQ, TQ+F2 gel, and DOX+TQ+F2 gel. On day 28th from tumor inoculation, mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for measurement of the cardiac markers; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB). In addition, cardiac tissue was utilized for determination of lipid peroxide, and tumor tissue was used for measurement of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 as well as gene expression of the tumor suppressor gene P53. DOX and/or TQ showed a significant reduction in tumor volume, cardiac markers, tumor Bcl-2, and P53 upregulation compared to free conventional therapies. Co-treatment with DOX+TQ+F2 gel was superior to all other groups in exerting beneficial effects. Use of TQ as an adjuvant therapy with DOX could improve its cytotoxic effects and limit its cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, loading of DOX and/or TQ into F2 gel showed a remarkable anti-cancer activity.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylglucosamine/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Benzoquinones/administration & dosage
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Creatine Kinase/blood
- Creatine Kinase, MB Form/blood
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, p53
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
- Malondialdehyde/metabolism
- Mice
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Nanostructures/administration & dosage
- Nanostructures/ultrastructure
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman G Khedr
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - El-Zeiny M Ebeid
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Salem
- Immunology and Biotechnology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa M Mosalam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt.
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Goyal SN, Prajapati CP, Gore PR, Patil CR, Mahajan UB, Sharma C, Talla SP, Ojha SK. Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development of Thymoquinone: A Multitargeted Molecule of Natural Origin. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:656. [PMID: 28983249 PMCID: PMC5613109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone, a monoterpene molecule is chemically known as 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1, 4-benzoquinone. It is abundantly present in seeds of Nigella sativa L. that is popularly known as black cumin or black seed and belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. A large number of studies have revealed that thymoquinone is the major active constituent in N. sativa oil this constituent is responsible for the majority of the pharmacological properties. The beneficial organoprotective activities of thymoquinone in experimental animal models of different human diseases are attributed to the potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thymoquinone has also been shown to alter numerous molecular and signaling pathways in many inflammatory and degenerative diseases including cancer. Thymoquinone has been reported to possess potent lipophilicity and limited bioavailability and exhibits light and heat sensitivity. Altogether, these physiochemical properties encumber the successful formulation for the delivery of drug in oral dosages form and restrict the pharmaceutical development. In recent past, many efforts were undertaken to improve the bioavailability for clinical usage by manipulating the physiochemical parameters. The present review aimed to provide insights regarding the physicochemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics and the methods to promote pharmaceutical development and endorse the clinical usage of TQ in future by overcoming the associated physiochemical obstacles. It also enumerates briefly the pharmacological and molecular targets of thymoquinone as well as the pharmacological properties in various diseases and the underlying molecular mechanism. Though, a convincing number of experimental studies are available but human studies are not available with thymoquinone despite of the long history of use of black cumin in different diseases. Thus, the clinical studies including pharmacokinetic studies and regulatory toxicity studies are required to encourage the clinical development of thymoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer N. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
- SVKM Institute of PharmacyDhule, India
| | - Chaitali P. Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Prashant R. Gore
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Umesh B. Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandhya P. Talla
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, North Maharashtra UniversityShirpur, India
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
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