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Yao C, Zhang H, Wang C. Recent advances in therapeutic engineered extracellular vesicles. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7825-7840. [PMID: 38533676 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05470e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural particles secreted by living cells, which hold significant potential for various therapeutic applications. Native EVs have specific components and structures, allowing them to cross biological barriers, and circulate in vivo for a long time. Native EVs have also been bioengineered to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and targeting affinity. Recently, the therapeutic potential of surface-engineered EVs has been explored in the treatment of tumors, autoimmune diseases, infections and other diseases by ongoing research and clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the modified methods of engineered EVs, summarize the application of engineered EVs in preclinical and clinical trials, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of surface-engineered EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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2
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Li M, Shi L, Chen X, Yi D, Ding Y, Chen J, Xing G, Chen S, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y. In-situ gelation of fibrin gel encapsulating platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes promotes rotator cuff healing. Commun Biol 2024; 7:205. [PMID: 38374439 PMCID: PMC10876555 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes (PRP-Exos) hold significant repair potential, their efficacy in treating rotator cuff tear (RCT) remains unknown. In light of the potential for clinical translation of fibrin gel and PRP-Exos, we evaluated their combined impact on RCT healing and explored suitable gel implantation techniques. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PRP-Exos effectively enhanced key phenotypes changes in tendon stem/progenitor cells. Multi-modality imaging, including conventional ultrasound, shear wave elastography ultrasound, and micro-computed tomography, and histopathological assessments were performed to collectively evaluate the regenerative effects on RCT. The regenerated tendons exhibited a well-ordered structure, while bone and cartilage regeneration were significantly improved. PRP-Exos participated in the healing process of RCT. In-situ gelation of fibrin gel-encapsulated PRP-Exos at the bone-tendon interface during surgery proved to be a feasible gel implantation method that benefits the healing outcome. Comprehensive multi-modality postoperative evaluations were necessary, providing a reliable foundation for post-injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molin Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Ding
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanghui Xing
- Department of Ultrasound, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- No. 962 Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Harbin, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuexiang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Hirayu N, Takasu O. Exploring the Hemostatic Effects of Platelet Lysate-Derived Vesicles: Insights from Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1188. [PMID: 38256259 PMCID: PMC10816445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet transfusion has various challenges, and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles have been reported to have more significant procoagulant activity than platelets themselves. Furthermore, platelet products derived from platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysates (PLs) have gained attention for their physiological activity and potential role as drug delivery vehicles owing to the properties of their membranes. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of the fractions isolated through ultracentrifugation from mouse-washed PLs and assess the potential clinical applications of these fractions as a therapeutic approach for bleeding conditions. We prepared PLs from C57BL/6 mouse-washed platelets and isolated three different fractions (20K-vesicles, 100K-vesicles, and PLwo-vesicles) using ultracentrifugation. There was a notable difference in particle size distribution between 20K-vesicles and 100K-vesicles, particularly in terms of the most frequent diameter. The 20K-vesicles exhibited procoagulant activity with concentration dependence, whereas PLwo-vesicles exhibited anticoagulant activity. PLwo-vesicles did not exhibit thrombin generation capacity, and the addition of PLwo-vesicles to Microparticle Free Plasma extended the time to initiate thrombin generation by 20K-vesicles and decreased the peak thrombin value. In a tail-snip bleeding assay, pre-administration of 20K-vesicles significantly shortened bleeding time. PL-derived 20K-vesicles exhibited highly potent procoagulant activity, making them potential alternatives to platelet transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Hirayu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan;
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Cai Z, Feng J, Dong N, Zhou P, Huang Y, Zhang H. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles play an important role in platelet transfusion therapy. Platelets 2023; 34:2242708. [PMID: 37578045 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2242708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain the characteristics of their cell of origin and mediate cell-to-cell communication. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) not only have procoagulant activity but also contain platelet-derived inflammatory factors (CD40L and mtDNA) that mediate inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that platelets are activated during storage to produce large amounts of PEVs, which may have implications for platelet transfusion therapy. Compared to platelets, PEVs have a longer storage time and greater procoagulant activity, making them an ideal alternative to platelets. This review describes the reasons and mechanisms by which PEVs may have a role in blood transfusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cai
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Feng
- Class 2018 Medical Inspection Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Nian Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gulin People's Hospital, Guilin, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanshuai Huang
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Taha HB. Plasma versus serum for extracellular vesicle (EV) isolation: A duel for reproducibility and accuracy for CNS-originating EVs biomarker analysis. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1677-1686. [PMID: 37501394 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Blood-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a popular source of biomarkers for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but inconsistencies in isolation and analysis hinder their clinical translation. This review summarizes recent studies that investigate the impact of different anticoagulated plasma and serum on the yield, purity, and molecular content of EVs. Specifically, the studies compare ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citrate, heparin plasma, and serum and highlight the risk of contamination from platelet-derived EVs. Here, I offer practical guidelines for standardizing EV isolation and analysis, recommending the use of plasma anticoagulated with acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) or citrate followed by EDTA and heparin, subgroup analyses for samples from different biobank repositories, and avoiding serum and plasma-to-serum transformation. Other factors like illness, age, gender, meal timing, exercise, circadian timing, and arm pressure during blood draw can alter EV signatures. Yet, how these variables interact with different anticoagulated plasma or serum samples is unclear, necessitating further research. Furthermore, whether the changes are dependent on the isolation or quantification methodology remains an area of investigation. Importantly, the perspective emphasizes the need for consistency in experimental methodologies to improve the reproducibility and clinical applicability of CNS-originating EV biomarker studies. The proposed guidelines, along with ongoing efforts to standardize blood sample handling and collection, may facilitate the development of more reliable and informative CNS-originating EV biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hash Brown Taha
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Burnouf T, Chou ML, Lundy DJ, Chuang EY, Tseng CL, Goubran H. Expanding applications of allogeneic platelets, platelet lysates, and platelet extracellular vesicles in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:79. [PMID: 37704991 PMCID: PMC10500824 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleated blood cells primarily known for their vital hemostatic role. Allogeneic platelet concentrates (PCs) collected from healthy donors are an essential cellular product transfused by hospitals to control or prevent bleeding in patients affected by thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunctions. Platelets fulfill additional essential functions in innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation, as well as in wound-healing and tissue-repair mechanisms. Platelets contain mitochondria, lysosomes, dense granules, and alpha-granules, which collectively are a remarkable reservoir of multiple trophic factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules. In addition, platelets are prone to release in the blood circulation a unique set of extracellular vesicles (p-EVs), which carry a rich biomolecular cargo influential in cell-cell communications. The exceptional functional roles played by platelets and p-EVs explain the recent interest in exploring the use of allogeneic PCs as source material to develop new biotherapies that could address needs in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. Pooled human platelet lysates (HPLs) can be produced from allogeneic PCs that have reached their expiration date and are no longer suitable for transfusion but remain valuable source materials for other applications. These HPLs can substitute for fetal bovine serum as a clinical grade xeno-free supplement of growth media used in the in vitro expansion of human cells for transplantation purposes. The use of expired allogeneic platelet concentrates has opened the way for small-pool or large-pool allogeneic HPLs and HPL-derived p-EVs as biotherapy for ocular surface disorders, wound care and, potentially, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, and others. Additionally, allogeneic platelets are now seen as a readily available source of cells and EVs that can be exploited for targeted drug delivery vehicles. This article aims to offer an in-depth update on emerging translational applications of allogeneic platelet biotherapies while also highlighting their advantages and limitations as a clinical modality in regenerative medicine and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David J Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hadi Goubran
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre and College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Xu C, Mi Z, Dong Z, Chen X, Ji G, Kang H, Li K, Zhao B, Wang F. Platelet-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Knee Osteoarthritis by Attenuating Cartilage Degeneration and Subchondral Bone Loss. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:2975-2985. [PMID: 37551685 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231188122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic degenerative joint disease among the aged population. However, current treatments for OA are limited to alleviating symptoms, with no therapies that prevent and regenerate cartilage deterioration. PURPOSE To assess the effects of platelet-derived exosomes (Plt-exos) on OA and then to explore the potential molecular mechanism. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Exosomes derived from human apheresis platelets were isolated and identified. The effects of Plt-exos in protecting chondrocytes under interleukin 1β stimulation were evaluated by analyzing the proliferation and migration in human primary chondrocytes. RNA sequencing was later performed in vitro for primary chondrocytes to reveal the underlying mechanisms of Plt-exo treatment. Anterior cruciate ligament transection was used to construct an OA mice model, and intra-articular injection of Plt-exos was given once a week for 6 weeks. Mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after the last injection. Histologic and immunohistochemistry staining and micro-computed tomography analysis were performed to assess alterations of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. RESULTS Plt-exos significantly promoted proliferation and migration of chondrocytes within a dose-dependent manner, as well as dramatically promoted cartilage regeneration and attenuated abnormal tibial subchondral bone remodeling, thus slowing the progression of OA. After being treated with Plt-exos, 1797 genes were differentially expressed in chondrocytes (923 upregulated and 874 downregulated genes). Functional enrichment results and hub genes were mainly involved in anti-inflammatory effects, mediating cell adhesion, stimulating cartilage repair, promoting anabolism, and inhibiting catabolism. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that Plt-exos promoted chondrocyte proliferation and migration in vitro, as well as attenuated cartilage degeneration, improved the microarchitecture of subchondral bone, and retarded OA progression in vivo. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study illustrated that the administered Plt-exos could alleviate knee OA by attenuating cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss, possibly serving as a novel promising treatment for OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Xu
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziyue Mi
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenyue Dong
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huijun Kang
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kehan Li
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Johnson J, Law SQK, Shojaee M, Hall AS, Bhuiyan S, Lim MBL, Silva A, Kong KJW, Schoppet M, Blyth C, Ranasinghe HN, Sejic N, Chuei MJ, Tatford OC, Cifuentes‐Rius A, James PF, Tester A, Dixon I, Lichtfuss G. First-in-human clinical trial of allogeneic, platelet-derived extracellular vesicles as a potential therapeutic for delayed wound healing. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12332. [PMID: 37353884 PMCID: PMC10290200 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The release of growth factors, cytokines and extracellular matrix modifiers by activated platelets is an important step in the process of healthy wound healing. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by activated platelets carry this bioactive cargo in an enriched form, and may therefore represent a potential therapeutic for the treatment of delayed wound healing, such as chronic wounds. While EVs show great promise in regenerative medicine, their production at clinical scale remains a critical challenge and their tolerability in humans is still to be fully established. In this work, we demonstrate that Ligand-based Exosome Affinity Purification (LEAP) chromatography can successfully isolate platelet EVs (pEVs) of clinical grade from activated platelets, which retain the regenerative properties of the parent cell. LEAP-isolated pEVs display the expected biophysical features of EV populations and transport essential proteins in wound healing processes, including insulin growth factor (IGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß). In vitro studies show that pEVs induce proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts and increase dermal endothelial cells' angiogenic potential, demonstrating their wound healing potential. pEV treatment activates the ERK and Akt signalling pathways within recipient cells. In a first-in-human, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I clinical trial of healthy volunteer adults, designed primarily to assess safety in the context of wound healing, we demonstrate that injections of LEAP-purified pEVs in formulation buffer are safe and well tolerated (Plexoval II study, ACTRN12620000944932). As a secondary objective, biological activity in the context of wound healing rate was assessed. In this cohort of healthy participants, in which the wound bed would not be expected to be deficient in the bioactive cargo that pEVs carry, all wounds healed rapidly and completely and no difference in time to wound closure of the treated and untreated wounds was observed at the single dose tested. The outcomes of this study evidence that pEVs manufactured through the LEAP process can be injected safely in humans as a potential wound healing treatment, and warrant further study in clinical trials designed expressly to assess therapeutic efficacy in patients with delayed or disrupted wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jancy Johnson
- Exopharm LtdMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gregor Lichtfuss
- Exopharm LtdMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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Giovanazzi A, van Herwijnen MJC, Kleinjan M, van der Meulen GN, Wauben MHM. Surface protein profiling of milk and serum extracellular vesicles unveils body fluid-specific signatures. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8758. [PMID: 37253799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are currently in the limelight as potential disease biomarkers. The promise of EV-based liquid biopsy resides in the identification of specific disease-associated EV signatures. Knowing the reference EV profile of a body fluid can facilitate the identification of such disease-associated EV-biomarkers. With this aim, we purified EVs from paired human milk and serum samples and used the MACSPlex bead-based flow-cytometry assay to capture EVs on bead-bound antibodies specific for a certain surface protein, followed by EV detection by the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81. Using this approach we identified body fluid-specific EV signatures, e.g. breast epithelial cell signatures in milk EVs and platelet signatures in serum EVs, as well as body fluid-specific markers associated to immune cells and stem cells. Interestingly, comparison of pan-tetraspanin detection (simultaneous CD9, CD63 and CD81 detection) and single tetraspanin detection (detection by CD9, CD63 or CD81) also unveiled body fluid-specific tetraspanin distributions on EVs. Moreover, certain EV surface proteins were associated with a specific tetraspanin distribution, which could be indicative of the biogenesis route of this EV subset. Altogether, the identified body fluid-specific EV profiles can contribute to study EV profile deviations in these fluids during disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberta Giovanazzi
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- TRAIN-EV Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action-ITN, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn J C van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Kleinjan
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- TRAIN-EV Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action-ITN, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Chen T, Song P, He M, Rui S, Duan X, Ma Y, Armstrong DG, Deng W. Sphingosine-1-phosphate derived from PRP-Exos promotes angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing via the S1PR1/AKT/FN1 signalling pathway. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad003. [PMID: 37251708 PMCID: PMC10208895 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a key regulator of vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis, is enriched in exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma (PRP-Exos). However, the potential role of PRP-Exos-S1P in diabetic wound healing remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of PRP-Exos-S1P in diabetic angiogenesis and wound repair. Methods Exosomes were isolated from PRP by ultracentrifugation and analysed by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. The concentration of S1P derived from PRP-Exos was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression level of S1P receptor1-3 (S1PR1-3) in diabetic skin was analysed by Q-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis and proteomic sequencing were conducted to explore the possible signalling pathway mediated by PRP-Exos-S1P. A diabetic mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of PRP-Exos on wound healing. Immunofluorescence for cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) was used to assess angiogenesis in a diabetic wound model. Results In vitro, PRP-Exos significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Furthermore, PRP-Exos accelerated the process of diabetic angiogenesis and wound closure in vivo. S1P derived from PRP-Exos was present at a high level, and S1PR1 expression was significantly elevated compared with S1PR2 and S1PR3 in the skin of diabetic patients and animals. However, cell migration and tube formation were not promoted by PRP-Exos-S1P in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with shS1PR1. In the diabetic mouse model, inhibition of S1PR1 expression at wounding sites decreased the formation of new blood vessels and delayed the process of wound closure. Bioinformatics analysis and proteomics indicated that fibronectin 1 (FN1) was closely related to S1PR1 due to its colocalization in the endothelial cells of human skin. Further study supported that FN1 plays an important role in the PRP-Exos-S1P-mediated S1PR1/protein kinase B signalling pathway. Conclusions PRP-Exos-S1P promotes angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing via the S1PR1/protein kinase B/FN1 signalling pathway. Our findings provide a preliminary theoretical foundation for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers using PRP-Exos in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Peiyang Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Shunli Rui
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xiaodong Duan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - David G Armstrong
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wuquan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
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11
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Souza VGP, Forder A, Brockley LJ, Pewarchuk ME, Telkar N, de Araújo RP, Trejo J, Benard K, Seneda AL, Minutentag IW, Erkan M, Stewart GL, Hasimoto EN, Garnis C, Lam WL, Martinez VD, Reis PP. Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer: Biomarkers for the Management of Recurrence and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108894. [PMID: 37240238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies have emerged as a promising tool for the detection of metastases as well as local and regional recurrence in lung cancer. Liquid biopsy tests involve analyzing a patient's blood, urine, or other body fluids for the detection of biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells or tumor-derived DNA/RNA that have been shed into the bloodstream. Studies have shown that liquid biopsies can detect lung cancer metastases with high accuracy and sensitivity, even before they are visible on imaging scans. Such tests are valuable for early intervention and personalized treatment, aiming to improve patient outcomes. Liquid biopsies are also minimally invasive compared to traditional tissue biopsies, which require the removal of a sample of the tumor for further analysis. This makes liquid biopsies a more convenient and less risky option for patients, particularly those who are not good candidates for invasive procedures due to other medical conditions. While liquid biopsies for lung cancer metastases and relapse are still being developed and validated, they hold great promise for improving the detection and treatment of this deadly disease. Herein, we summarize available and novel approaches to liquid biopsy tests for lung cancer metastases and recurrence detection and describe their applications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G P Souza
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Aisling Forder
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Liam J Brockley
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | | | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Rachel Paes de Araújo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Jessica Trejo
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Katya Benard
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Ana Laura Seneda
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Iael W Minutentag
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Melis Erkan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Greg L Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Erica N Hasimoto
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Cathie Garnis
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Wan L Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Victor D Martinez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Patricia P Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
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12
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Iwasaki Y, Takei Y, Yamada M, Sugino S, Saito K, Aoyagi T, Oshima K, Kanamori H, Baba H, Takei K, Tokuda K, Kodama EN, Kamo T, Kamio T, Kasai T, Ogawa S, Yamauchi M. Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Levels in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Coagulopathy: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103460. [PMID: 37240566 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with coagulopathy. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. We evaluated the association between COVID-19 coagulopathy and extracellular vesicle (EV) levels. We hypothesized that several EV levels would be higher in COVID-19 coagulopathy patients than in non-coagulopathy patients. This prospective observational study was conducted in four tertiary care faculties in Japan. We enrolled 99 COVID-19 patients (48 with coagulopathy and 51 without coagulopathy) aged ≥20 years who required hospitalization, and 10 healthy volunteers; we divided the patients into coagulopathy and non-coagulopathy groups according to the D-dimer levels (≥1 μg/mL and <1 μg/mL, respectively). We used flow cytometry to measure the tissue-factor-bearing, endothelium-derived, platelet-derived, monocyte-derived, and neutrophil-derived EV levels in platelet-free plasma. The EV levels were compared between the two COVID-19 groups as well as among the coagulopathy patients, non-coagulopathy patients, and healthy volunteers. No significant difference was found in EV levels between the two groups. Meanwhile, the cluster of differentiation (CD) 41 + EV levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 coagulopathy patients than in healthy volunteers (549.90 [255.05-984.65] vs. 184.3 [150.1-254.1] counts/µL, p = 0.011). Therefore, CD41+ EVs might play an essential role in COVID-19 coagulopathy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Sugino
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koji Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Aoyagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kengo Oshima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hajime Kanamori
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Baba
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kentarou Takei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eichi N Kodama
- Division of Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamo
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Tochigi Prefectural Emergency and Critical Care Center, Imperial Gift Foundation Saiseikai, Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya-shi 321-0974, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kamio
- Department of Intensive Care, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, 1370-1 Okamoto, Kamakura 247-8533, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takehiko Kasai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoru Ogawa
- Department of Pain Management and Palliative Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamauchi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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13
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Kawabata S, Akeda K, Yamada J, Takegami N, Fujiwara T, Fujita N, Sudo A. Advances in Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment for Spinal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087677. [PMID: 37108837 PMCID: PMC10145581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal diseases are commonly associated with pain and neurological symptoms, which negatively impact patients' quality of life. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous source of multiple growth factors and cytokines, with the potential to promote tissue regeneration. Recently, PRP has been widely used for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, including spinal diseases, in clinics. Given the increasing popularity of PRP therapy, this article examines the current literature for basic research and emerging clinical applications of this therapy for treating spinal diseases. First, we review in vitro and in vivo studies, evaluating the potential of PRP in repairing intervertebral disc degeneration, promoting bone union in spinal fusion surgeries, and aiding in neurological recovery from spinal cord injury. Second, we address the clinical applications of PRP in treating degenerative spinal disease, including its analgesic effect on low back pain and radicular pain, as well as accelerating bone union during spinal fusion surgery. Basic research demonstrates the promising regenerative potential of PRP, and clinical studies have reported on the safety and efficacy of PRP therapy for treating several spinal diseases. Nevertheless, further high-quality randomized controlled trials would be required to establish clinical evidence of PRP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soya Kawabata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Akeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Junichi Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takegami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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14
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Troha K, Vozel D, Arko M, Bedina Zavec A, Dolinar D, Hočevar M, Jan Z, Kisovec M, Kocjančič B, Pađen L, Pajnič M, Penič S, Romolo A, Repar N, Spasovski V, Steiner N, Šuštar V, Iglič A, Drobne D, Kogej K, Battelino S, Kralj-Iglič V. Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma as Therapeutic Fluid: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3420. [PMID: 36834843 PMCID: PMC9959846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The preparation of autologous platelet and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) has been explored in many medical fields with the aim to benefit from its healing potential. In parallel, efforts are being invested to understand the function and dynamics of PVRP that is complex in its composition and interactions. Some clinical evidence reveals beneficial effects of PVRP, while some report that there were no effects. To optimize the preparation methods, functions and mechanisms of PVRP, its constituents should be better understood. With the intention to promote further studies of autologous therapeutic PVRP, we performed a review on some topics regarding PVRP composition, harvesting, assessment and preservation, and also on clinical experience following PVRP application in humans and animals. Besides the acknowledged actions of platelets, leukocytes and different molecules, we focus on extracellular vesicles that were found abundant in PVRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Troha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Vozel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matevž Arko
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1000 Ljubjana, Slovenia
| | - Drago Dolinar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Zaloška 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- MD-RI Institute for Materials Research in Medicine, Bohoričeva 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Department of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Institute of Metals and Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zala Jan
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matic Kisovec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1000 Ljubjana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Kocjančič
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Zaloška 9, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Penič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anna Romolo
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neža Repar
- University of Ljubljana, Research Group for Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, Biotechnical Faculty, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Spasovski
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nejc Steiner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vid Šuštar
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- University of Ljubljana, Research Group for Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, Biotechnical Faculty, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Kogej
- University of Ljubljana, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saba Battelino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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15
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Dai Z, Xia C, Zhao T, Wang H, Tian H, Xu O, Zhu X, Zhang J, Chen P. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction. Mater Today Bio 2023; 18:100512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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16
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Zakeri A, Khaseb S, Akhavan Rahnama M, Hajaliaskari A, Soufi Zomorrod M. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells: A promising cell-free therapeutic tool for cutaneous wound healing. Biochimie 2023; 209:73-84. [PMID: 36681232 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a multifaceted process involving a cascade of molecular and cellular procedures that occur in four different phases: (a) hemostasis, (b) inflammation, (c) proliferation, and (d) tissue remodeling. Prolonged wound healing in skin is still a major challenge in treatment of wounds. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) accelerate cutaneous wound healing through their paracrine activity. Exosomes are one of the key secretory products of MSCs, mimicking the effects of parental MSCs in skin wound healing process. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles (30-150 nm in diameter) that originate from endosomal pathways and transport numerous biomolecules, including DNAs, messenger RNAs, microRNAs, lipids, and proteins. They can be taken up by target cells and release their contents to modulate the activity of recipient cells. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) reduce inflammation, promote proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and enhance angiogenesis in skin wound healing process. Therefore, exosomes are emerging as novel cell-cell communication mediators and have opened a novel viewpoint for developing cell-free therapies. This review aims to demonstrate the roles of exosomes in each step of skin wound healing through a comprehensive literature search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zakeri
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Khaseb
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Akhavan Rahnama
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Akram Hajaliaskari
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mina Soufi Zomorrod
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Small Extracellular Vesicles as a New Class of Medicines. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020325. [PMID: 36839647 PMCID: PMC9961868 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles that are naturally released from cells in a lipid bilayer-bound form. A subset population with a size of 200 nm, small EVs (sEVs), is enticing in many ways. Initially perceived as mere waste receptacles, sEVs have revealed other biological functions, such as cell-to-cell signal transduction and communication. Besides their notable biological functions, sEVs have profound advantages as future drug modalities: (i) excellent biocompatibility, (ii) high stability, and (iii) the potential to carry undruggable macromolecules as cargo. Indeed, many biopharmaceutical companies are utilizing sEVs, not only as diagnostic biomarkers but as therapeutic drugs. However, as all inchoate fields are challenging, there are limitations and hindrances in the clinical translation of sEV therapeutics. In this review, we summarize different types of sEV therapeutics, future improvements, and current strategies in large-scale production.
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18
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Harper MT. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Arterial Thrombosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1418:259-275. [PMID: 37603285 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1443-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Blood platelets are necessary for normal haemostasis but also form life-threatening arterial thrombi when atherosclerotic plaques rupture. Activated platelets release many extracellular vesicles during thrombosis. Phosphatidylserine-exposing microparticles promote coagulation. Small exosomes released during granule secretion deliver cargoes including microRNAs to cells throughout the cardiovascular system. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which platelets release these extracellular vesicles, together with the possibility of inhibiting this release as an antithrombotic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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19
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Wang H, Zhang B, Zhong X, Qin D, Li Z. Mechanism Research of Platelet Core Marker Prediction and Molecular Recognition in Cardiovascular Events. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:103-115. [PMID: 35345996 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220328091748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombosis triggered by platelet activation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE This study aims to find platelet combined biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases and investigate the possibility of Concanavalin A (ConA) acting on platelets as a new pharmacological target. METHODS High-throughput Technology and bioinformatics analysis were combined and groups of microarray chip gene expression profiles for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sickle cell disease (SCD) were obtained using GEO database screening. R language limma package was used to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO, KEGG, and other databases were utilized to perform the enrichment analysis of DEGs' functions, pathways, etc. PPI network was constructed using STRING database and Cytoscape software, and MCC algorithm was used to obtain the 200 core genes of the two groups of DEGs. Core targets were confirmed by constructing an intersection area screening. A type of molecular probe, ConA, was molecularly docked with the above core targets on the Zdock, HEX, and 3D-DOCK servers. RESULTS We found six core markers, CD34, SOCS2, ABL1, MTOR, VEGFA, and SMURF1, which were simultaneously related to both diseases, and the docking effect showed that VEGFA is the best-performing. CONCLUSION VEGFA is most likely to reduce its expression by binding to ConA, which could affect the downstream regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during platelet activation. Some other core targets also have the opportunity to interact with ConA to affect platelet-activated thrombosis and trigger changes in cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xianhua Zhong
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Dui Qin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Zhangyong Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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20
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Exosome-Based Cell Homing and Angiogenic Differentiation for Dental Pulp Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010466. [PMID: 36613910 PMCID: PMC9820194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have attracted attention due to their ability to promote intercellular communication leading to enhanced cell recruitment, lineage-specific differentiation, and tissue regeneration. The object of this study was to determine the effect of exosomes on cell homing and angiogenic differentiation for pulp regeneration. Exosomes (DPSC-Exos) were isolated from rabbit dental pulp stem cells cultured under a growth (Exo-G) or angiogenic differentiation (Exo-A) condition. The characterization of exosomes was confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and an antibody array. DPSC-Exos significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration when treated with 5 × 108/mL exosomes. In gene expression analysis, DPSC-Exos enhanced the expression of angiogenic markers including vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), and platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM1). Moreover, we identified key exosomal microRNAs in Exo-A for cell homing and angiogenesis. In conclusion, the exosome-based cell homing and angiogenic differentiation strategy has significant therapeutic potential for pulp regeneration.
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21
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Zhan M, Shi S, Zheng X, Chen W, Sun L, Zhang Y, Liu J. Research landscape of exosomes in platelets from 2000 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1054816. [PMID: 36606281 PMCID: PMC9810141 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1054816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood-derived exosomes are involved in developing multiple pathological processes, with platelets being the most well-known source. Related studies have become an area of research with significant value and potential. However, no bibliometric studies in this field have yet been identified. We aimed to analyze the hotspots and academic trends of platelet exosome research through bibliometric visualization to actively grasp the research base in this field and track its developmental orientation. Methods From 2000 to 2022, we screened all relevant publications on platelet exosome-related research from the Web of Science database, generated knowledge maps using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, and analyzed research trends in the field. Results A total of 722 articles were screened for inclusion based on the search strategy. The number of articles on exosome studies in platelets has expanded vastly. The USA and the People's Republic of China contributed substantially among 69 countries or regions. Amsterdam University and Semmelweis University are the research institutions with the most publications. The most studied and co-cited journals were the International Journal of Molecular Sciences and the Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. We identified 4,598 authors, with Nieuwland Rienk having the highest number of articles and Bruno Stefania having the most cited publications. Keywords of great interest include "thrombosis," "anti-inflammatory," "anti-apoptosis," "angiogenesis," "microparticles," "miRNAs," "stem cells," and "biomarkers," which are key research areas for future development. Conclusion We used bibliometric and visualization methods to identify hotspots and trends in platelet exosome research. Platelet exosome research is widely expanding. Future research will most likely focus on "thrombosis," "anti-inflammatory," "anti-apoptosis," "angiogenesis," "microparticles," "miRNAs," "stem cells," and "biomarkers."
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhan
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linjuan Sun
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Linjuan Sun,
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Yehao Zhang,
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jianxun Liu,
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22
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Gankema AAF, Li B, Nieuwland R, Pol EVD. Automated fluorescence gating and size determination reduce variation in measured concentration of extracellular vesicles by flow cytometry. Cytometry A 2022; 101:1049-1056. [PMID: 35707999 PMCID: PMC10084316 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an upcoming biomarker for disease. However, the measured concentrations of EVs by flow cytometry are incomparable due to analytical variables. This study aimed to investigate how the choice of fluorophore, and thereby brightness, affects the measured concentration of EVs. Four commonly used fluorophores allophycocyanin, Brilliant Violet-421, fluorescein isothiocyanate, and phycoerythrin, all conjugated to CD61 antibodies, were used to label platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) in human plasma. PEVs were measured by flow cytometry. The concentration of EVs was obtained by manually set fluorescence gates, automatically determined fluorescence gates, and automatically determined fluorescence gates combined with specific size gates. Manually set fluorescence gates by five independent experts resulted in a variation coefficient (CV) of 41% between the measured PEV concentrations labeled with the four different fluorophores. A new algorithm for automatic determination of fluorescence gates was applied to reduce inter-operator variability. Applying this algorithm resulted in a CV of 58%. However, when the algorithm was combined with a size gate to correct for differences in brightness between fluorophores, the CV reduced to 25%. In this study, we showed that different fluorophores can detect similar concentrations of EVs by (1) determining fluorescence gates automatically, and (2) by adding a size gate to correct for differences in brightness between fluorophores. Therefore, our research contributes to further standardization of EV concentration measurements by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Adriana Francisca Gankema
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Li
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Dai Z, Zhao T, Song N, Pan K, Yang Y, Zhu X, Chen P, Zhang J, Xia C. Platelets and platelet extracellular vesicles in drug delivery therapy: A review of the current status and future prospects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1026386. [PMID: 36330089 PMCID: PMC9623298 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1026386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are blood cells that are primarily produced by the shedding of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Platelets participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in vivo, including hemostasis, thrombosis, immune-inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis. Platelets have been widely used for targeted drug delivery therapies for treating various inflammatory and tumor-related diseases. Compared to other drug-loaded treatments, drug-loaded platelets have better targeting, superior biocompatibility, and lower immunogenicity. Drug-loaded platelet therapies include platelet membrane coating, platelet engineering, and biomimetic platelets. Recent studies have indicated that platelet extracellular vesicles (PEVs) may have more advantages compared with traditional drug-loaded platelets. PEVs are the most abundant vesicles in the blood and exhibit many of the functional characteristics of platelets. Notably, PEVs have excellent biological efficacy, which facilitates the therapeutic benefits of targeted drug delivery. This article provides a summary of platelet and PEVs biology and discusses their relationships with diseases. In addition, we describe the preparation, drug-loaded methods, and specific advantages of platelets and PEVs targeted drug delivery therapies for treating inflammation and tumors. We summarize the hot spots analysis of scientific articles on PEVs and provide a research trend, which aims to give a unique insight into the development of PEVs research focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqiu Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Tingxiao Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Song
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaifeng Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xunbin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Pengfei Chen, ; Jun Zhang, ; Chen Xia,
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Pengfei Chen, ; Jun Zhang, ; Chen Xia,
| | - Chen Xia
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Pengfei Chen, ; Jun Zhang, ; Chen Xia,
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24
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Miller CM, L Enninga EA, Rizzo SA, Phillipps J, Guerrero-Cazares H, Destephano CC, Peterson TE, Stalboerger PG, Behfar A, Khan Z. Platelet-derived exosomes induce cell proliferation and wound healing in human endometrial cells. Regen Med 2022; 17:805-817. [PMID: 36193669 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the regenerative effects of a platelet-derived purified exosome product (PEP) on human endometrial cells. Materials & methods: Endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (HEC-1A), endometrial stromal cells (T HESC) and menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSC) were assessed for exosome absorption and subsequent changes in cell proliferation and wound healing properties over 48 h. Results: Cell proliferation increased in PEP treated T HESC (p < 0.0001) and MenSC (p < 0.001) after 6 h and in HEC-1A (p < 0.01) after 12 h. PEP improved wound healing after 6 h in HEC-1A (p < 0.01) and MenSC (p < 0.0001) and in T HESC between 24 and 36 h (p < 0.05). Conclusion: PEP was absorbed by three different endometrial cell types. PEP treatment increased cell proliferation and wound healing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Miller
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Skylar A Rizzo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.,Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.,Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jordan Phillipps
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy E Peterson
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul G Stalboerger
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.,Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zaraq Khan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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25
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Platelet Activation in Ovarian Cancer Ascites: Assessment of GPIIb/IIIa and PF4 in Small Extracellular Vesicles by Nano-Flow Cytometry Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174100. [PMID: 36077635 PMCID: PMC9454670 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Platelets play a critical role in coagulation and fibrinolysis processes, but recent literature also indicates their central involvement in immune response, cancer progression and metastasis. During platelet activation, small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released. The ascites are a fluid developing in the peritoneum of ovarian cancer patients in an advanced stage. This study analysed the expression of platelet markers GPIIb/IIIa and PF4 in small-EVs populations isolated from the ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The percentage of platelet-derived small-EVs was positively correlated with platelet distribution width to platelet count in sera (PDW/PLT), a surrogate indicator of platelet activation. Overall, we presented a method that can be helpful in future studies to determine the correlation between the extent of platelet activation in ascites and disease status. Abstract In ovarian cancer, ascites represent the microenvironment in which the platelets extravasate to play their role in the disease progression. We aimed to develop an assay to measure ascites’ platelet activation. We enriched small extracellular vesicles (EVs) (40–200 nm) from ascites of high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer patients (n = 12) using precipitation with polyethylene glycol, and we conducted single-particle phenotyping analysis by nano-flow cytometry after labelling and ultra-centrifugation. Atomic force microscopy single-particle nanomechanical analysis showed heterogeneous distributions in the size of the precipitated particles and their mechanical stiffness. Samples were fluorescently labelled with antibodies specific to the platelet markers GPIIb/IIIa and PF4, showing 2.6 to 18.16% of all particles stained positive for the biomarkers and, simultaneously, the EV membrane labelling. Single-particle phenotyping analysis allowed us to quantify the total number of non-EV particles, the number of small-EVs and the number of platelet-derived small-EVs, providing a platelet activation assessment independent of the ascites volume. The percentage of platelet-derived small-EVs was positively correlated with platelet distribution width to platelet count in sera (PDW/PLT). Overall, we presented a high-throughput method that can be helpful in future studies to determine the correlation between the extent of platelet activation in ascites and disease status.
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26
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Bordin A, Chirivì M, Pagano F, Milan M, Iuliano M, Scaccia E, Fortunato O, Mangino G, Dhori X, De Marinis E, D'Amico A, Miglietta S, Picchio V, Rizzi R, Romeo G, Pulcinelli F, Chimenti I, Frati G, De Falco E. Human platelet lysate-derived extracellular vesicles enhance angiogenesis through miR-126. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13312. [PMID: 35946052 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key biological mediators of several physiological functions within the cell microenvironment. Platelets are the most abundant source of EVs in the blood. Similarly, platelet lysate (PL), the best platelet derivative and angiogenic performer for regenerative purposes, is enriched of EVs, but their role is still too poorly discovered to be suitably exploited. Here, we explored the contribution of the EVs in PL, by investigating the angiogenic features extrapolated from that possessed by PL. METHODS We tested angiogenic ability and molecular cargo in 3D bioprinted models and by RNA sequencing analysis of PL-derived EVs. RESULTS A subset of small vesicles is highly represented in PL. The EVs do not retain aggregation ability, preserving a low redox state in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and increasing the angiogenic tubularly-like structures in 3D endothelial bioprinted constructs. EVs resembled the miRNome profile of PL, mainly enriched with small RNAs and a high amount of miR-126, the most abundant angiogenic miRNA in platelets. The transfer of miR-126 by EVs in HUVEC after the in vitro inhibition of the endogenous form, restored angiogenesis, without involving VEGF as a downstream target in this system. CONCLUSION PL is a biological source of available EVs with angiogenic effects involving a miRNAs-based cargo. These properties can be exploited for targeted molecular/biological manipulation of PL, by potentially developing a product exclusively manufactured of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Maila Chirivì
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (IBBC-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Milan
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Ca'Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Eleonora Scaccia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Orazio Fortunato
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Xhulio Dhori
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Marinis
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Fabio Pulcinelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzili, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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27
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Zhang X, Takeuchi T, Takeda A, Mochizuki H, Nagai Y. Comparison of serum and plasma as a source of blood extracellular vesicles: Increased levels of platelet-derived particles in serum extracellular vesicle fractions alter content profiles from plasma extracellular vesicle fractions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270634. [PMID: 35749554 PMCID: PMC9231772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted much attention as potential diagnostic biomarkers for human diseases. Although both plasma and serum are utilized as a source of blood EVs, it remains unclear whether, how and to what extent the choice of plasma and serum affects the experimental results. To address this issue, in this study, we performed comprehensive characterization of EV fractions derived from plasma and serum, and investigated the differences between these blood EVs. We demonstrated by nanoparticle tracking analysis that EV fractions derived from serum contain more particles than those from plasma of mice. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that platelet-associated proteins are selectively enriched in serum EV fractions from both mice and humans. A literature review of proteomic data of human blood EVs reported by other groups further confirmed that selective enrichment of platelet-associated proteins is commonly observed in serum EVs, and confers different proteome profiles to plasma EVs. Our data provide experimental evidence that EV fractions derived from serum generally contain additional EVs that are released from platelets, which may qualitatively and quantitatively alter EV profiles when using serum as a source of blood EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zhang
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Takeuchi
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Life Science Research Institute, Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (TT); (YN)
| | - Akiko Takeda
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (TT); (YN)
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28
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Theragnostic Applications of Mammal and Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Latest Findings, Current Technologies, and Prospects. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123941. [PMID: 35745063 PMCID: PMC9228370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The way cells communicate is not fully understood. However, it is well-known that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved. Researchers initially thought that EVs were used by cells to remove cellular waste. It is now clear that EVs function as signaling molecules released by cells to communicate with one another, carrying a cargo representing the mother cell. Furthermore, these EVs can be found in all biological fluids, making them the perfect non-invasive diagnostic tool, as their cargo causes functional changes in the cells upon receiving, unlike synthetic drug carriers. EVs last longer in circulation and instigate minor immune responses, making them the perfect drug carrier. This review sheds light on the latest development in EVs isolation, characterization and, application as therapeutic cargo, novel drug loading techniques, and diagnostic tools. We also address the advancement in plant-derived EVs, their characteristics, and applications; since plant-derived EVs only recently gained focus, we listed the latest findings. Although there is much more to learn about, EV is a wide field of research; what scientists have discovered so far is fascinating. This paper is suitable for those new to the field seeking to understand EVs and those already familiar with it but wanting to review the latest findings.
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29
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Platelet-Rich Plasma as an Alternative to Xenogeneic Sera in Cell-Based Therapies: A Need for Standardization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126552. [PMID: 35742995 PMCID: PMC9223511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an explosion in scientific interest in using human-platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a substitute of xenogeneic sera in cell-based therapies. However, there is a need to create standardization in this field. This systematic review is based on literature searches in PubMed and Web of Science databases until June 2021. Forty-one studies completed the selection criteria. The composition of PRP was completely reported in less than 30% of the studies. PRP has been used as PRP-derived supernatant or non-activated PRP. Two ranges could be identified for platelet concentration, the first between 0.14 × 106 and 0.80 × 106 platelets/µL and the second between 1.086 × 106 and 10 × 106 platelets/µL. Several studies have pooled PRP with a pool size varying from four to nine donors. The optimal dose for the PRP or PRP supernatant is 10%. PRP or PRP-derived supernatants a have positive effect on MSC colony number and size, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and genetic stability. The use of leukocyte-depleted PRP has been demonstrated to be a feasible alternative to xenogeneic sera. However, there is a need to improve the description of the PRP preparation methodology as well as its composition. Several items are identified and reported to create guidelines for future research.
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30
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Zoulikha M, Huang F, Wu Z, He W. COVID-19 inflammation and implications in drug delivery. J Control Release 2022; 346:260-274. [PMID: 35469984 PMCID: PMC9045711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that hyperinflammatory syndrome and cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 severe cases are narrowly associated with the disease's poor prognosis. Therefore, targeting the inflammatory pathways seems to be a rational therapeutic strategy against COVID-19. Many anti-inflammatory agents have been proposed; however, most of them suffer from poor bioavailability, instability, short half-life, and undesirable biodistribution resulting in off-target effects. From a pharmaceutical standpoint, the implication of COVID-19 inflammation can be exploited as a therapeutic target and/or a targeting strategy against the pandemic. First, the drug delivery systems can be harnessed to improve the properties of anti-inflammatory agents and deliver them safely and efficiently to their therapeutic targets. Second, the drug carriers can be tailored to develop smart delivery systems able to respond to the microenvironmental stimuli to release the anti-COVID-19 therapeutics in a selective and specific manner. More interestingly, some biosystems can simultaneously repress the hyperinflammation due to their inherent anti-inflammatory potency and endow their drug cargo with a selective delivery to the injured sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makhloufi Zoulikha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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31
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Customizing the extracellular vesicles release and effect by strategizing surface functionalization of titanium. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7399. [PMID: 35513419 PMCID: PMC9072683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic material functionalization with Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) is a desirable therapeutic approach to improve regenerative procedures. Among the different functionalization strategies available, here we have compared drop casting on machined Ti surfaces, drop casting on nanostructured TiO2 surfaces and polymeric entrapment with polydopamine. EVs are a heterogeneous population of communication nanovesicles released by cells that are being intensively investigated for their use in therapeutics. We have selected platelet derived EVs for Ti surface coating due to their demonstrated osteoinductive properties. Our results show that each functionalization strategy leads to differences in the size of EV populations attached to and released from the metallic implants, which, in turn, leads to variations in their osteogenic capability measured through alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. In conclusion, the functionalization strategy used has an important effect on the resulting implant functionality, probably due to the heterogeneous EVs nature. Thus, the methodological approach to metallic material functionalization should be carefully chosen when working with extracellular vesicles in order to obtain the desired therapeutic application.
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32
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Polymeric coating on β-TCP scaffolds provides immobilization of small extracellular vesicles with surface-functionalization and ZEB1-Loading for bone defect repair in diabetes mellitus. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Liu S, Tian W, Ma Y, Li J, Yang J, Li B. Serum exosomal proteomics analysis of lung adenocarcinoma to discover new tumor markers. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35291954 PMCID: PMC8925168 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09366-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the most aggressive and rapidly lethal types of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type. Exosomes, as a hot area, play an influential role in cancer. By using proteomics analysis, we aimed to identify potential markers of lung adenocarcinoma in serum. METHODS In our study, we used the ultracentrifugation method to isolate serum exosomes. The Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and bioinformatics analysis were used to identify potential serum exosomal proteins with altered expression among patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma, early lung adenocarcinoma, and healthy controls. A western blot (WB) was performed to confirm the above differential expression levels in a separate serum sample-isolated exosome, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted to detect expression levels of the above differential proteins of serum exosomes in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues. Furthermore, we compared different expression models of the above differential proteins in serum and exosomes. RESULT According to the ITGAM (Integrin alpha M chain) and CLU (Clusterin) were differentially expressed in serum exosomes among different groups as well as tumor tissues and adjacent tissues. ITGAM was significantly and specifically enriched in exosomes. As compared to serum, CLU did not appear to be significantly enriched in exosomes. ITGAM and CLU were identified as serum exosomal protein markers of lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS This study can provide novel ideas and a research basis for targeting lung adenocarcinoma treatment as a preliminary study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China.,Internal Medicine Laboratory, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Yuefeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Jiaji Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Burong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, P. R. China.
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Chen J, Qian D, Gao P, Qin T, Jiang T, Yi J, Xu T, Huang Y, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Bao T, Zhao X, Liu H, Zheng Z, Fan J, Zhao S, Li Q, Yin G. Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma administration in site mediate cartilage protection in subtalar osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:56. [PMID: 35093078 PMCID: PMC8801111 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSubtalar osteoarthritis (STOA) is often secondary to chronic ankle sprains, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Due to its etiology and pathogenesis was not studied equivocally yet, there is currently a lack of effective conservative treatments. Although they have been used for tissue repair, platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes (PRP-Exo) have the disadvantage of low retention and short-lived therapeutic effects. This study aimed to determine whether incorporation of PRP-Exo in thermosensitive hydrogel (Gel) increased their retention in the joint and thereby playing a therapeutic role on STOA due to chronic mechanical instability established by transecting lateral ligaments (anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)/calcaneal fibular ligament (CFL)). PRP-Exo incorporated Gel (Exo-Gel) system, composed of Poloxamer-407 and 188 mixture-based thermoresponsive hydrogel matrix in an optimal ratio, was determined by its release ability of Exo and rheology of Gel response to different temperature. The biological activity of Exo-Gel was evaluated in vitro, and the therapeutic effect of Exo-Gel on STOA was evaluated in vivo. Exo released from Exo-Gel continuously for 28 days could promote the proliferation and migration of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) and chondrocytes, at the same time enhance the chondrogenic differentiation of mBMSCs, and inhibit inflammation-induced chondrocyte degeneration. In vivo experiments confirmed that Exo-Gel increased the local retention of Exo, inhibited the apoptosis and hypertrophy of chondrocytes, enhanced their proliferation, and potentially played the role in stem cell recruitment to delay the development of STOA. Thus, Delivery of PRP-Exo incorporated in thermosensitive Gel provides a novel approach of cell-free therapy and has therapeutic effect on STOA.
Graphical Abstract
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Characterization of surface markers on extracellular vesicles isolated from lymphatic exudate from patients with breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:50. [PMID: 35012489 PMCID: PMC8744234 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08870-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer, and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, among females world-wide. Recent research suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a major role in the development of breast cancer metastasis. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is a procedure in patients with known lymph node metastases, and after surgery large amounts of serous fluid are produced from the axilla. The overall aim was to isolate and characterize EVs from axillary serous fluid, and more specifically to determine if potential breast cancer biomarkers could be identified. METHODS Lymphatic drain fluid was collected from 7 patients with breast cancer the day after ALND. EVs were isolated using size exclusion chromatography, quantified and detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis, electron microscopy, nano flow cytometry and western blot. The expression of 37 EV surface proteins was evaluated by flow cytometry using the MACSPlex Exosome kit. RESULTS Lymphatic drainage exudate retrieved after surgery from all 7 patients contained EVs. The isolated EVs were positive for the typical EV markers CD9, CD63, CD81 and Flotillin-1 while albumin was absent, indicating low contamination from blood proteins. In total, 24 different EV surface proteins were detected. Eleven of those proteins were detected in all patients, including the common EV markers CD9, CD63 and CD81, cancer-related markers CD24, CD29, CD44 and CD146, platelet markers CD41b, CD42a and CD62p as well as HLA-DR/DP/DQ. Furthermore, CD29 and CD146 were enriched in Her2+ patients compared to patients with Her2- tumors. CONCLUSIONS Lymphatic drainage exudate retrieved from breast cancer patients after surgery contains EVs that can be isolated using SEC isolation. The EVs have several cancer-related markers including CD24, CD29, CD44 and CD146, proteins of potential interest as biomarkers as well as to increase the understanding of the mechanisms of cancer biology.
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Aguiar Koga BA, Fernandes LA, Fratini P, Sogayar MC, Carreira ACO. Role of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1047094. [PMID: 36935901 PMCID: PMC10014555 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1047094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue homeostasis and repair, secreting vesicles to the extracellular environment. Isolated exosomes were shown to affect angiogenesis, immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to describe the mechanism of action of these extracellular vesicles (EVs) and guarantee their safety, since the final aim is their therapeutic application in the clinic. The major advantage of applying MSC-derived EVs is their low or inexistent immunogenicity, prompting their use as drug delivery or therapeutic agents, as well as wound healing, different cancer types, and inflammatory processes in the neurological and cardiovascular systems. MSC-derived EVs display no vascular obstruction effects or apparent adverse effects. Their nano-size ensures their passage through the blood-brain barrier, demonstrating no cytotoxic or immunogenic effects. Several in vitro tests have been conducted with EVs obtained from different sources to understand their biology, molecular content, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action. Application of EVs to human therapies has recently become a reality, with clinical trials being conducted to treat Alzheimer's disease, retina degeneration, and COVID-19 patients. Herein, we describe and compare the different extracellular vesicles isolation methods and therapeutic applications regarding the tissue repair and regeneration process, presenting the latest clinical trial reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Alves Fernandes
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Fratini
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira, ,
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Anderson JR, Jacobsen S, Walters M, Bundgaard L, Diendorfer A, Hackl M, Clarke EJ, James V, Peffers MJ. Small non-coding RNA landscape of extracellular vesicles from a post-traumatic model of equine osteoarthritis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:901269. [PMID: 36003409 PMCID: PMC9393553 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.901269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles comprise an as yet inadequately investigated intercellular communication pathway in the field of early osteoarthritis. We hypothesised that the small non-coding RNA expression pattern in synovial fluid and plasma would change during progression of experimental osteoarthritis. In this study, we conducted small RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive overview of the temporal expression profiles of small non-coding transcripts carried by extracellular vesicles derived from plasma and synovial fluid for the first time in a posttraumatic model of equine osteoarthritis. Additionally, we characterised synovial fluid and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles with respect to quantity, size, and surface markers. The different temporal expressions of seven microRNAs in plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles, eca-miR-451, eca-miR-25, eca-miR-215, eca-miR-92a, eca-miR-let-7c, eca-miR-486-5p, and eca-miR-23a, and four snoRNAs, U3, snord15, snord46, and snord58, represent potential biomarkers for early osteoarthritis. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed microRNAs in synovial fluid highlighted that in early osteoarthritis these related to the inhibition of cell cycle, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and cell proliferation as well as increased cell viability and differentiation of stem cells. Plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicle small non-coding signatures have been established for the first time in a temporal model of osteoarthritis. These could serve as novel biomarkers for evaluation of osteoarthritis progression or act as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Anderson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Marie Walters
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Louise Bundgaard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Emily J Clarke
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Peptide-modified substrate enhances cell migration and migrasome formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112495. [PMID: 34857281 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-to-cell communication tools. Migrasomes are recently discovered microscale EVs formed at the rear ends of migrating cells, and thus are suggested to be involved in communicating with neighboring cells. In cell culture, peptide scaffolds on substrates have been used to demonstrate cellular function for regenerative medicine. In this study, we evaluated peptide scaffolds, including cell penetrating, virus fusion, and integrin-binding peptides, for their potential to enable the formation of migrasome-like vesicles. Through structural and functional analyses, we confirmed that the EVs formed on these peptide-modified substrates were migrasomes. We further noted that the peptide interface comprising cell-penetrating peptides (pVEC and R9) and virus fusion peptide (SIV) have superior properties for enabling cell migration and migrasome formation than fibronectin protein, integrin-binding peptide (RGD), or bare substrate. This is the first report of migrasome formation on peptide-modified substrates. Additionally, the combination of 95% RGD and 5% pVEC peptides provided a functional interface for effective migrasome formation and desorption of cells from the substrate via a simple ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment. These results provide a functional substrate for the enhancement of migrasome formation and functional analysis.
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Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from cells that are a part of many biological and pathological processes, especially in intercellular communication. These vesicles are involved cell signaling, influence tissue and immune response, and serve as biomarkers for diseases. Most interesting are the exosomes that are released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for inflammation in joint diseases. Preliminary studies have demonstrated the advantages of using EVs rather than MSCs for cell free therapy. Research on exosomes have shown promising results as biomarkers for tracking the pathogenesis and prognosis of inflammatory arthritis. Therapeutically, animal studies have demonstrated immunosuppression, reversing inflammation, increasing chondrocyte proliferation, and drug delivery properties. The field of exosomes continues to develop and more basic science and clinical studies with safety and efficacy studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck
School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C. Thomas Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck
School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,C. Thomas Vangsness Jr., Department of
Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California,
1520 San Pablo Street 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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40
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de Boer C, Davies NH. Blood derived extracellular vesicles as regenerative medicine therapeutics. Biochimie 2021; 196:203-215. [PMID: 34688790 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative promise of nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells is widely explored. Recently, the capacity of EVs purified from blood to elicit regenerative effect has begun to be evaluated. Blood might be a readily available source of EVs, avoiding need for extensive cell culturing, but there are specific issues that complicate use of the biofluid in this area. We assess the evidence for blood containing regenerative material, progress made towards delivering blood derived EVs as regenerative therapeutics, difficulties that relate to the complexity of blood and the promise of hydrogel-based delivery of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice de Boer
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Neil Hamer Davies
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa.
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Wu J, Piao Y, Liu Q, Yang X. Platelet-rich plasma-derived extracellular vesicles: A superior alternative in regenerative medicine? Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13123. [PMID: 34609779 PMCID: PMC8666280 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), due to its promising therapeutic properties, has been used in regenerative medicine for more than 30 years and numerous encouraging outcomes have been obtained. Currently, by benefiting from new insights into PRP mechanisms and the excellent performance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the field of tissue repair and regeneration, studies have found that a large number of EVs released from activated platelets also participate in the regulation of tissue repair. A growing number of preclinical studies are exploring the functions of PRP-derived EVs (PRP-EVs), especially in tissue regeneration. Here, we summarize the latest progress in PRP-EVs as a superior alternative cell-free therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine, clarify their underlying molecular mechanisms, and discuss the advantages and limitations of the upcoming clinical applications. This review highlights the potential of PRP-EVs to replace the application of PRP or even become a superior alternative in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuping Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingxin Piao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qinyi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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42
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Forstner D, Guettler J, Gauster M. Changes in Maternal Platelet Physiology during Gestation and Their Interaction with Trophoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910732. [PMID: 34639070 PMCID: PMC8509324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon activation, maternal platelets provide a source of proinflammatory mediators in the intervillous space of the placenta. Therefore, platelet-derived factors may interfere with different trophoblast subtypes of the developing human placenta and might cause altered hormone secretion and placental dysfunction later on in pregnancy. Increased platelet activation, and the subsequent occurrence of placental fibrinoid deposition, are linked to placenta pathologies such as preeclampsia. The composition and release of platelet-derived factors change over gestation and provide a potential source of predicting biomarkers for the developing fetus and the mother. This review indicates possible mechanisms of platelet-trophoblast interactions and discusses the effect of increased platelet activation on placenta development.
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Karn V, Ahmed S, Tsai LW, Dubey R, Ojha S, Singh HN, Kumar M, Gupta PK, Sadhu S, Jha NK, Kumar A, Pandit S, Kumar S. Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapy for COVID-19: Promises, Challenges and Future Prospects. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101373. [PMID: 34680490 PMCID: PMC8533559 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious concern and has negatively impacted public health and the economy. It primarily targets the lungs, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, it may also lead to multiple organ failure (MOF) and enhanced mortality rates. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop potential effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from various types of cells that participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological and pathological processes. EVs derived from various cellular origins have revealed suppressive effects on the cytokine storm during systemic hyper-inflammatory states of severe COVID-19, leading to enhanced alveolar fluid clearance, promoted epithelial and endothelial recovery, and cell proliferation. Being the smallest subclass of EVs, exosomes offer striking characteristics such as cell targeting, being nano-carriers for drug delivery, high biocompatibility, safety, and low-immunogenicity, thus rendering them a potential cell-free therapeutic candidate against the pathogeneses of various diseases. Due to these properties, numerous studies and clinical trials have been performed to assess their safety and therapeutic efficacy against COVID-19. Hence, in this review, we have comprehensively described current updates on progress and challenges for EVs as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamika Karn
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai 410221, India;
| | - Shaista Ahmed
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Lung-Wen Tsai
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.T.); (R.D.)
- Department of Information Technology Office, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Himanshu Naryan Singh
- Department of System Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Soumi Sadhu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, India;
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (P.K.G.); (S.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-120-4570-000
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Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles: A Novel Cell-Free Therapy for Wound Healing. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:1285087. [PMID: 34567129 PMCID: PMC8457964 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1285087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing and regeneration are a dynamic and complex process that requires a collaborative effort between growth factors, epidermal cells, dermal cells, extracellular matrix, and vessels local to the wound area. Mesenchymal stem cells participate in the recruitment site, mainly by releasing secretory factors and matrix proteins to promote wound healing. Stem cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), including microvesicles, exosomes, and exosome mimetics, contain most of the biologically active substances of their parent cells and have similar effects. CDNs can shuttle various proteins, messenger RNAs, and microRNAs to regulate the activity of receptor cells, and they play important roles in skin wound healing. This article reviews recent research progress on CDNs for wound repair. We summarize current knowledge on how CDNs regulate immunity, fibroblast activity, angiogenesis, and scar formation in the wound healing process. This review can help researchers explore new treatment strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CDNs, which have a promising future as naturally cell-free therapies.
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Petkevich AA, Abramov AA, Pospelov VI, Malinina NA, Kuhareva EI, Mazurchik NV, Tarasova OI. Exosomal and non-exosomal miRNA expression levels in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1697-1706. [PMID: 34434498 PMCID: PMC8378763 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with HCV-related cirrhosis are at risk for liver cancer development. For these patients miRNAs may serve as preclinical markers, which expression levels are deregulated in cancer and which are stable to the damaging factors partly through complex formation with proteins or packaging into exosomes. In this research we have tried to identify what miRNA fraction in plasma – exosomal or not packed into exosomes (non-exosomal) – is stronger associated with primary liver cancer. The second question was whether saliva miRNA expression levels – both exosomal and non-exosomal – are associated with primary liver cancer. We evaluated exosomal and non-exosomal miRNAs – let-7a-5p, -16-5p, -18a-5p, -21-5p, -22-3p, -34a-5p, -103a-3p, -122-5p, -221-3p, -222-3p – in plasma and saliva of patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis (n = 24), primary liver cancer (n = 24) and healthy volunteers (n = 21). Relative expression level was calculated with normalization of exosomal miRNA to exosomal miRNA-16-5p, non-exosomal miRNA to non-exosomal miRNA-16-5p and as a ratio of exosomal miRNA to non-exosomal miRNA. In this study, non-exosomal miRNAs (let-7a, miRNA-21-5p, -22-3p, -103a, -122-5p, -221-3p and 222-3p) normalized to non-exosomal miRNA-16-5p showed strong association with liver cancer in plasma. Three miRNAs, those with the mostly pronounced change of expression levels in plasma, – miRNA-21-5p, 122-5p, 221-3p – were detected in saliva. In contrast, exosomal miRNAs show stronger association with primary liver over non-exosomal miRNAs when working with saliva. Thus, depending on the examined biological material both miRNA fractions may serve as a valuable source for diagnostic and prognostic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa A Petkevich
- Genetic Research Laboratory of Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandr A Abramov
- Genetic Research Laboratory of Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim I Pospelov
- Genetic Research Laboratory of Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya A Malinina
- Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena I Kuhareva
- Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya V Mazurchik
- Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Tarasova
- Advanced Therapy Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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46
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Božič D, Vozel D, Hočevar M, Jeran M, Jan Z, Pajnič M, Pađen L, Iglič A, Battelino S, Kralj-Iglič V. Enrichment of plasma in platelets and extracellular vesicles by the counterflow to erythrocyte settling. Platelets 2021; 33:592-602. [PMID: 34384320 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1961716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to prepare optimal platelet and extracellular vesicle (EV)-rich plasma for the treatment of chronic temporal bone inflammation, we studied effects of centrifugation parameters on redistribution of blood constituents in blood samples of 23 patients and 20 volunteers with no record of disease. Concentrations of blood cells and EVs were measured by flow cytometry. Sample content was inspected by scanning electron microscopy. A mathematical model was constructed to interpret the experimental results. The observed enrichment of plasma in platelets and EVs after a single spin of blood depended on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, thereby indicating the presence of a flow of plasma that carried platelets and EVs in the direction opposite to settling of erythrocytes. Prolonged handling time correlated with the decrease of concentration of platelets and larger EVs in platelet and EV-rich plasma (PVRP), R = -0.538, p = 0.003, indicating cell fragmentation during the processing of samples. In further centrifugation of the obtained plasma, platelet and EV enrichment depended on the average distance of the sample from the centrifuge rotor axis. Based on the agreement of the model predictions with observations, we propose the centrifugation protocol optimal for platelet and EV enrichment and recovery in an individual sample, adjusted to the dimensions of the centrifuge rotor, volume of blood and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Božič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Vozel
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Department of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jeran
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zala Jan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Laboratory of Physics, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Orthopedics, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saba Battelino
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Antich-Rosselló M, Forteza-Genestra MA, Monjo M, Ramis JM. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168580. [PMID: 34445286 PMCID: PMC8395287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present a great potential for the development of new treatments in the biomedical field. To be used as therapeutics, many different sources have been used for EVs obtention, while only a few studies have addressed the use of platelet-derived EVs (pEVs). In fact, pEVs have been shown to intervene in different healing responses, thus some studies have evaluated their regenerative capability in wound healing or hemorrhagic shock. Even more, pEVs have proven to induce cellular differentiation, enhancing musculoskeletal or neural regeneration. However, the obtention and characterization of pEVs is widely heterogeneous and differs from the recommendations of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles. Therefore, in this review, we aim to present the main advances in the therapeutical use of pEVs in the regenerative medicine field while highlighting the isolation and characterization steps followed. The main goal of this review is to portray the studies performed in order to enhance the translation of the pEVs research into feasible therapeutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Antich-Rosselló
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.-R.); (M.A.F.-G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Forteza-Genestra
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.-R.); (M.A.F.-G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Marta Monjo
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.-R.); (M.A.F.-G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (J.M.R.); Tel.: +34-971259607 (M.M. & J.M.R.)
| | - Joana M. Ramis
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.A.-R.); (M.A.F.-G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (J.M.R.); Tel.: +34-971259607 (M.M. & J.M.R.)
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48
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Jansen EE, Braun A, Jansen P, Hartmann M. Platelet-Therapeutics to Improve Tissue Regeneration and Wound Healing-Physiological Background and Methods of Preparation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080869. [PMID: 34440073 PMCID: PMC8389548 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides their function in primary hemostasis, platelets are critically involved in the physiological steps leading to wound healing and tissue repair. For this purpose, platelets have a complex set of receptors allowing the recognition, binding, and manipulation of extracellular structures and the detection of pathogens and tissue damage. Intracellular vesicles contain a huge set of mediators that can be released to the extracellular space to coordinate the action of platelets as other cell types for tissue repair. Therapeutically, the most frequent use of platelets is the intravenous application of platelet concentrates in case of thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopathy. However, there is increasing evidence that the local application of platelet-rich concentrates and platelet-rich fibrin can improve wound healing and tissue repair in various settings in medicine and dentistry. For the therapeutic use of platelets in wound healing, several preparations are available in clinical practice. In the present study we discuss the physiology and the cellular mechanisms of platelets in hemostasis and wound repair, the methods used for the preparation of platelet-rich concentrates and platelet-rich fibrin, and highlight some examples of the therapeutic use in medicine and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E. Jansen
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (E.E.J.); (A.B.); (P.J.)
| | - Andreas Braun
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (E.E.J.); (A.B.); (P.J.)
| | - Patrick Jansen
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (E.E.J.); (A.B.); (P.J.)
| | - Matthias Hartmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Yan YY, Zhou WM, Wang YQ, Guo QR, Zhao FX, Zhu ZY, Xing YX, Zhang HY, Aljofan M, Jarrahi AM, Makabel B, Zhang JY. The Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles in COVID-19 Treatment: Opportunity and Challenge. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:699929. [PMID: 34368228 PMCID: PMC8345113 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.699929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has become an urgent public health concern worldwide, severely affecting our society and economy due to the long incubation time and high prevalence. People spare no effort on the rapid development of vaccine and treatment all over the world. Amongst the numerous ways of tackling this pandemic, some approaches using extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging. In this review, we summarize current prevalence and pathogenesis of COVID-19, involving the combination of SARS-CoV-2 and virus receptor ACE2, endothelial dysfunction and micro thrombosis, together with cytokine storm. We also discuss the ongoing EVs-based strategies for the treatment of COVID-19, including mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-EVs, drug-EVs, vaccine-EVs, platelet-EVs, and others. This manuscript provides the foundation for the development of targeted drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-yan Yan
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Wen-min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-ru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, China
| | - Fu-xi Zhao
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Zhuang-yan Zhu
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Yan-xia Xing
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Hai-yan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Mohamad Aljofan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Jian-ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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50
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Vozel D, Božič D, Jeran M, Jan Z, Pajnič M, Pađen L, Steiner N, Kralj-Iglič V, Battelino S. Autologous Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma Is an Effective Treatment Modality for Chronic Postoperative Temporal Bone Cavity Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:677541. [PMID: 34307321 PMCID: PMC8294456 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.677541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the efficacy of autologous platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) to treat chronic postoperative temporal bone cavity inflammation (CPTBCI) after exhausting surgical and standard conservative therapies. Materials and Methods Patients were randomly allocated to treatment with PVRP (PVRP group) or standard conservative methods (control group) in a setting of four once-monthly checkups and subsequent follow-up. The treatment outcome was measured with the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12), CPTBCI focus surface area, and CPTBCI symptom-free time after the fourth checkup. Results Eleven patients from each group completed the trial; 95% of patients suffered from chronically discharging mastoid cavity (the type of CPTBCI). Within four checkups, the COMQ-12 score decreased statistically significantly in the PVRP group (p < 0.001) but not in the control group (p = 0.339). The CPTBCI foci surface area decreased statistically significantly between the first and second checkups (p < 0.0005) but not between other checkups (p > 0.05) in the PVRP group. No statistically significant differences in CPTBCI foci surface area were detected between checkups in the control group (p = 0.152). Nine patients from the PVRP group and three patients from the control group were CPTBCI symptom-free at the fourth checkup. The median symptom-free time was 9.2 months (95% CI [7.4, 11.9]) in the PVRP group. Cumulatively, 49% of patients in the PVRP group remained CPTBCI symptom-free for 12.7 months after the fourth checkup. Conclusion Autologous PVRP represents a novel additional and successful treatment modality for a chronically discharging radical mastoid cavity when the surgical and standard conservative treatment methods have been exhausted. Trial Number https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04281901).
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Affiliation(s)
- Domen Vozel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Božič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jeran
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zala Jan
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Steiner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Extracellular Vesicles and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Saba Battelino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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