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Agarwal V, Kaushik AS, Chaudhary R, Rehman M, Srivastava S, Mishra V. Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cardiac abnormalities in chronically stressed rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:281-303. [PMID: 37421431 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronically stressed patients often have low vagal tone and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which increase their risk for developing cardiac dysfunction. Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a way to activate the parasympathetic system, which has the ability to reduce inflammation and antagonize excessive sympathetic responses. However, the effectiveness of taVNS in treating cardiac dysfunction caused by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) has not been studied. To investigate this, we first validated a rat model of CUS, in which the rats were exposed to random stressors daily for 8 weeks. Post CUS, the rats were treated with taVNS (1.0 ms, 6 V, 6 Hz, for 40 min × 2 weeks, alternatively) and their cardiac function and cholinergic flow were evaluated. Furthermore, serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), cardiac caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in rats were also assessed. The chronically stressed rats showed depressed behavior with increased levels of serum corticosterone and proinflammatory cytokines. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate variability (HRV) studies revealed elevated heart rate, diminished vagal tone, and altered sinus rhythm in CUS rats. Furthermore, the CUS rats demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis with increased caspase-3, iNOS, and TGF-β expression in their myocardium and increased levels of serum cTnI. Interestingly, alternate taVNS therapy for 2 weeks, post CUS, helped alleviate these cardiac abnormalities. These suggest that taVNS could be a useful adjunctive and non-pharmacological approach for managing CUS induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Arjun Singh Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Mujeeba Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Siddhi Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Vikas Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India.
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Serafini E, Corti A, Gallo D, Chiastra C, Li XC, Casarin S. An agent-based model of cardiac allograft vasculopathy: toward a better understanding of chronic rejection dynamics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1190409. [PMID: 37771577 PMCID: PMC10523786 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1190409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a coronary artery disease affecting 50% of heart transplant (HTx) recipients, and it is the major cause of graft loss. CAV is driven by the interplay of immunological and non-immunological factors, setting off a cascade of events promoting endothelial damage and vascular dysfunction. The etiology and evolution of tissue pathology are largely unknown, making disease management challenging. So far, in vivo models, mostly mouse-based, have been widely used to study CAV, but they are resource-consuming, pose many ethical issues, and allow limited investigation of time points and important biomechanical measurements. Recently, agent-based models (ABMs) proved to be valid computational tools for deciphering mechanobiological mechanisms driving vascular adaptation processes at the cell/tissue level, augmenting cost-effective in vivo lab-based experiments, at the same time guaranteeing richness in observation time points and low consumption of resources. We hypothesize that integrating ABMs with lab-based experiments can aid in vivo research by overcoming those limitations. Accordingly, this work proposes a bidimensional ABM of CAV in a mouse coronary artery cross-section, simulating the arterial wall response to two distinct stimuli: inflammation and hemodynamic disturbances, the latter considered in terms of low wall shear stress (WSS). These stimuli trigger i) inflammatory cell activation and ii) exacerbated vascular cell activities. Moreover, an extensive analysis was performed to investigate the ABM sensitivity to the driving parameters and inputs and gain insights into the ABM working mechanisms. The ABM was able to effectively replicate a 4-week CAV initiation and progression, characterized by lumen area decrease due to progressive intimal thickening in regions exposed to high inflammation and low WSS. Moreover, the parameter and input sensitivity analysis highlighted that the inflammatory-related events rather than the WSS predominantly drive CAV, corroborating the inflammatory nature of the vasculopathy. The proof-of-concept model proposed herein demonstrated its potential in deepening the pathology knowledge and supporting the in vivo analysis of CAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Serafini
- PolitoMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- LaSIE, UMR 7356 CNRS, La Rochelle Université, La Rochelle, France
- Center for Precision Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anna Corti
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Gallo
- PolitoMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Chiastra
- PolitoMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Xian C. Li
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stefano Casarin
- LaSIE, UMR 7356 CNRS, La Rochelle Université, La Rochelle, France
- Center for Precision Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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Davies DM, van den Handel K, Bharadwaj S, Lengefeld J. Cellular enlargement - A new hallmark of aging? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1036602. [PMID: 36438561 PMCID: PMC9688412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1036602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Years of important research has revealed that cells heavily invest in regulating their size. Nevertheless, it has remained unclear why accurate size control is so important. Our recent study using hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vivo indicates that cellular enlargement is causally associated with aging. Here, we present an overview of these findings and their implications. Furthermore, we performed a broad literature analysis to evaluate the potential of cellular enlargement as a new aging hallmark and to examine its connection to previously described aging hallmarks. Finally, we highlight interesting work presenting a correlation between cell size and age-related diseases. Taken together, we found mounting evidence linking cellular enlargement to aging and age-related diseases. Therefore, we encourage researchers from seemingly unrelated areas to take a fresh look at their data from the perspective of cell size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Davies
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kim van den Handel
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Soham Bharadwaj
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jette Lengefeld
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kessler EL, Wang JW, Kok B, Brans MA, Nederlof A, van Stuijvenberg L, Huang C, Vink A, Arslan F, Efimov IR, Lam CSP, Vos MA, de Kleijn DPV, Fontes MSC, van Veen TAB. Ventricular TLR4 Levels Abrogate TLR2-Mediated Adverse Cardiac Remodeling upon Pressure Overload in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111823. [PMID: 34769252 PMCID: PMC8583975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in maladaptive cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF) upon pressure overload has been studied extensively, but less is known about the role of TLR2. Interplay and redundancy of TLR4 with TLR2 have been reported in other organs but were not investigated during cardiac dysfunction. We explored whether TLR2 deficiency leads to less adverse cardiac remodeling upon chronic pressure overload and whether TLR2 and TLR4 additively contribute to this. We subjected 35 male C57BL/6J mice (wildtype (WT) or TLR2 knockout (KO)) to sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. After 12 weeks, echocardiography and electrocardiography were performed, and hearts were extracted for molecular and histological analysis. TLR2 deficiency (n = 14) was confirmed in all KO mice by PCR and resulted in less hypertrophy (heart weight to tibia length ratio (HW/TL), smaller cross-sectional cardiomyocyte area and decreased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) mRNA expression, p < 0.05), increased contractility (QRS and QTc, p < 0.05), and less inflammation (e.g., interleukins 6 and 1β, p < 0.05) after TAC compared to WT animals (n = 11). Even though TLR2 KO TAC animals presented with lower levels of ventricular TLR4 mRNA than WT TAC animals (13.2 ± 0.8 vs. 16.6 ± 0.7 mg/mm, p < 0.01), TLR4 mRNA expression was increased in animals with the largest ventricular mass, highest hypertrophy, and lowest ejection fraction, leading to two distinct groups of TLR2 KO TAC animals with variations in cardiac remodeling. This variation, however, was not seen in WT TAC animals even though heart weight/tibia length correlated with expression of TLR4 in these animals (r = 0.078, p = 0.005). Our data suggest that TLR2 deficiency ameliorates adverse cardiac remodeling and that ventricular TLR2 and TLR4 additively contribute to adverse cardiac remodeling during chronic pressure overload. Therefore, both TLRs may be therapeutic targets to prevent or interfere in the underlying molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise L. Kessler
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
- Laboratory Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-628706156
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (J.-W.W.); (C.H.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Bart Kok
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
| | - Maike A. Brans
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
- Laboratory Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Angelique Nederlof
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
| | - Leonie van Stuijvenberg
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
| | - Chenyuan Huang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (J.-W.W.); (C.H.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Aryan Vink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Fatih Arslan
- Laboratory Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Igor R. Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Carolyn S. P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, 5 Hospital Dr, Singapore 169609, Singapore;
- UMC Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A. Vos
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
| | - Dominique P. V. de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Netherlands & Netherlands Heart Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- The Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Magda S. C. Fontes
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
| | - Toon A. B. van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.K.); (M.A.B.); (A.N.); (L.v.S.); (M.A.V.); (M.S.C.F.); (T.A.B.v.V.)
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Furihata T, Maekawa S, Takada S, Kakutani N, Nambu H, Shirakawa R, Yokota T, Kinugawa S. Premedication with pioglitazone prevents doxorubicin-induced left ventricular dysfunction in mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:27. [PMID: 33962676 PMCID: PMC8103594 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for cancers; however, DOX induces cardiac toxicity, called DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. Although DOX-induced cardiomyopathy is known to be associated with a high cumulative dose of DOX, the mechanisms of its long-term effects have not been completely elucidated. Pioglitazone (Pio) is presently contraindicated in patients with symptomatic heart failure owing to the side effects. The concept of drug repositioning led us to hypothesize the potential effects of Pio as a premedication before DOX treatment, and to analyze this hypothesis in mice. METHODS First, for the hyperacute (day 1) and acute (day 7) DOX-induced dysfunction models, mice were fed a standard diet with or without 0.02% (wt/wt) Pio for 5 days before DOX treatment (15 mg/kg body weight [BW] via intraperitoneal [i.p.] administration). The following 3 treatment groups were analyzed: standard diet + vehicle (Vehicle), standard diet + DOX (DOX), and Pio + DOX. Next, for the chronic model (day 35), the mice were administrated DOX once a week for 5 weeks (5 mg/kg BW/week, i.p.). RESULTS In the acute phase after DOX treatment, the percent fractional shortening of the left ventricle (LV) was significantly decreased in DOX mice. This cardiac malfunction was improved in Pio + DOX mice. In the chronic phase, we observed that LV function was preserved in Pio + DOX mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may provide a new pathophysiological explanation by which Pio plays a role in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, but the molecular links between Pio and DOX-induced LV dysfunction remain largely elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, 069-8511, Japan
| | - Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Nambu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Phthalamide derivatives as ACE/AChE/BuChE inhibitors against cardiac hypertrophy: an in silico, in vitro, and in vivo modeling approach. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Katare PB, Nizami HL, Paramesha B, Dinda AK, Banerjee SK. Activation of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis through SIRT2 dependent p53 deacetylation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19232. [PMID: 33159115 PMCID: PMC7648754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte inflammation followed by apoptosis and fibrosis is an important mediator for development and progression of heart failure. Activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), an important regulator of inflammation, causes the progression of cardiac hypertrophy and injury. However, the precise mechanism of TLR4-mediated adverse cardiac outcomes is still elusive. The present study was designed to find the role of TLR4 in cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis, and molecular mechanism thereof. Rats were treated with TLR4 agonist (LPS 12.5 μg/kg/day) through osmotic pump for 14 days. To simulate the condition in vitro, H9c2 cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml). Similarly, H9c2 cells were transfected with TLR4 and SIRT2 c-DNA clone for overexpression. Myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and mitochondrial parameters were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Cardiac inflammation after LPS treatment was confirmed by increased TNF-α and IL-6 expression in rat heart. There was a marked increase in oxidative stress as observed by increased TBARS and decreased endogenous antioxidants (GSH and catalase), along with mitochondrial dysfunction as measured by mitochondrial complex activity in LPS-treated rat hearts. Histopathological examination showed the presence of cardiac fibrosis after LPS treatment. Protein expression of nuclear p53 and cleaved caspase-7/caspase-9 was significantly increased in LPS treated heart. Similar to in vivo study, nuclear translocation of p53, mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis were observed in H9c2 cells treated with LPS. Our data also indicate that decreased expression of SIRT2 was associated with increased acetylation of p53 after LPS treatment. In conclusion, TLR4 activation in rats promotes cardiac inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and fibrosis. p53 and caspase 7/caspase 9 were found to play an important role in TLR4-mediated apoptosis. Our data suggest that, reducing TLR4 mediated fibrosis and apoptosis could be a novel approach in the treatment of heart failure, keeping in the view the major role played by TLR4 in cardiac inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar Bajirao Katare
- Drug Discovery Research Centre (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Hina Lateef Nizami
- Drug Discovery Research Centre (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Bugga Paramesha
- Drug Discovery Research Centre (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Amit K Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Drug Discovery Research Centre (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India. .,National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India.
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8
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Kelm NQ, Straughn AR, Kakar SS. Withaferin A attenuates ovarian cancer-induced cardiac cachexia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236680. [PMID: 32722688 PMCID: PMC7386592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a common multifactorial syndrome in the advanced stages of cancer and accounts for approximately 20–30% of all cancer-related fatalities. In addition to the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, cancer results in impairments in cardiac function. We recently demonstrated that WFA attenuates the cachectic skeletal muscle phenotype induced by ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ovarian cancer induces cardiac cachexia, the possible pathway involved, and whether WFA attenuates cardiac cachexia. Xenografting of ovarian cancer induced cardiac cachexia, leading to the loss of normal heart functions. Treatment with WFA rescued the heart weight. Further, ovarian cancer induced systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction Treatment with WFA preserved systolic function in tumor-bearing mice, but diastolic dysfunction was partially improved. In addition, WFA abrogated the ovarian cancer-induced reduction in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area. Finally, treatment with WFA ameliorated fibrotic deposition in the hearts of tumor-bearing animals. We observed a tumor-induced MHC isoform switching from the adult MHCα to the embryonic MHCβ isoform, which was prevented by WFA treatment. Circulating Ang II level was increased significantly in the tumor-bearing, which was lowered by WFA treatment. Our results clearly demonstrated the induction of cardiac cachexia in response to ovarian tumors in female NSG mice. Further, we observed induction of proinflammatory markers through the AT1R pathway, which was ameliorated by WFA, in addition to amelioration of the cachectic phenotype, suggesting WFA as a potential therapeutic agent for cardiac cachexia in oncological paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natia Q. Kelm
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Alex R. Straughn
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Sham S. Kakar
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Darcy J, Fang Y, McFadden S, Lynes MD, Leiria LO, Dreyfuss JM, Bussburg V, Tolstikov V, Greenwood B, Narain NR, Kiebish MA, Bartke A, Tseng YH. Integrated metabolomics reveals altered lipid metabolism in adipose tissue in a model of extreme longevity. GeroScience 2020; 42:1527-1546. [PMID: 32632845 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays an essential role in metabolic health. Ames dwarf mice are exceptionally long-lived and display metabolically beneficial phenotypes in their adipose tissue, providing an ideal model for studying the intersection between adipose tissue and longevity. To this end, we assessed the metabolome and lipidome of adipose tissue in Ames dwarf mice. We observed distinct lipid profiles in brown versus white adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice that are consistent with increased thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity, such as increased cardiolipin and decreased ceramide concentrations. Moreover, we identified 5-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (5-HEPE), an ω-3 fatty acid metabolite, to be increased in Ames dwarf brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as in circulation. Importantly, 5-HEPE is increased in other models of BAT activation and is negatively correlated with body weight, insulin resistance, and circulating triglyceride concentrations in humans. Together, these data represent a novel lipid signature of adipose tissue in a mouse model of extreme longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Darcy
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yimin Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Samuel McFadden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Matthew D Lynes
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luiz O Leiria
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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The α1D-adrenoreceptor antagonist BMY 7378 reverses cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2020; 38:1496-1503. [PMID: 32195823 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The α1D-adrenoreceptor (α1D-AR) is involved in angiotensin II-induced vascular remodeling and hypertension. Whether α1D-AR plays a role in hypertension-associated cardiac hypertrophy is unclear. Here we investigated effects of BMY 7378, a selective α1D-AR antagonist, on cardiac status in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Male SHR were studied during the phase of developing hypertension (5 and 10 weeks old) and once hypertension was established (20 and 30 weeks old) to assess the evolution of cardiac hypertrophy. Age-matched WKY rats were studied as controls. Thirty-week-old SHR were treated for 4 weeks with BMY 7378 (10 mg/kg per day, o.a.), or captopril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, 40 mg/kg per day, o.a.) (as a positive control). Blood pressure and cardiac function were measured in vivo, cardiac hypertrophy by histology, and α1D-AR protein expression by immunofluorescence. RESULTS By 30 weeks of age, SHR exhibited significant hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. BMY 7378 and captopril decreased blood pressure and improved hemodynamic parameters and cardiac function in treated SHR vs. untreated SHR (P < 0.05). Histology showed increased cardiomyocyte size, fibrosis, and left ventricular hypertrophy in SHR hearts. BMY 7378 ameliorated fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy, but had no effect on cardiomyocyte size in SHR. Effects of BMY 7378 were associated with increased α1D-AR protein expression in SHR. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that pharmacological antagonism of α1D-AR reduces blood pressure and associated cardiac hypertrophy in aged SHR. These findings suggest that the α1D-AR plays a pathophysiological role in the development of hypertension and cardiac target organ damage in SHR.
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11
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Various effects of AAV9-mediated βARKct gene therapy on the heart in dystrophin-deficient (mdx) mice and δ-sarcoglycan-deficient (Sgcd-/-) mice. Neuromuscul Disord 2019; 29:231-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Bahey NG, Abd Elaziz HO, Elsayed Gadalla KK. Potential Toxic Effect of Bisphenol A on the Cardiac Muscle of Adult Rat and the Possible Protective Effect of Omega-3: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2019; 7:1-8. [PMID: 31008050 PMCID: PMC6442328 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_53_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is intensely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Recently, BPA has been receiving increased attention due to its link to various health problems that develop after direct or indirect human exposure. Previous studies have shown the harmful effect of high doses of BPA; however, the effect of small doses of BPA on disease development is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a low dose of BPA on the rat myocardium and to explore the outcome of coadministration of Omega-3 fatty acid (FA). Thirty adult male rats were divided equally into control group, BPA-treated group (1.2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 3 weeks), and BPA and Omega-3-treated group (received BPA as before plus Omega-3 at a daily dose of 300 mg/kg/day orally) for 3 weeks. Exposure to BPA resulted in structural anomalies in the rat myocardium in the form of disarrangement of myofibers, hypertrophy of myocytes, myocardial fibrosis, and dilatation of intramyocardial arterioles. On the other hand, mast cell density and media-to-lumen area ratio were not significantly altered. Interestingly, concomitant administration of Omega-3 FAs with BPA significantly reduced BPA-induced changes and provided a protective effect to the myocardium. In conclusion, exposure to a low dose of BPA could potentially lead to pathological alterations in the myocardium, which could be prevented by administration of Omega-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Gamal Bahey
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | | | - Kamal Kamal Elsayed Gadalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.,Center for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh University, United Kingdom
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13
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SIRT-3 Modulation by Resveratrol Improves Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Diabetic Heart through Deacetylation of TFAM. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120235. [PMID: 30487434 PMCID: PMC6315986 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction remains the crucial cause for many heart diseases including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Sirtuin-3 (SIRT-3) is a protein deacetylase localized in the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial function. Being a noteworthy mitochondrial protein deacetylase enzyme, the role of SIRT-3 in DCM is yet to be explored. Experimental Approach: Diabetes mellitus (Type-I, T1DM) was induced using streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg) in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Rats with >200 mg/dL blood glucose levels were then divided randomly into two groups, DIA and DIA + RESV, where vehicle and resveratrol (25 mg/kg/day) were administered orally in both groups, respectively. Cardiac oxidative stress, fibrosis, and mitochondrial parameters were evaluated. H9c2 cells were transfected with SIRT-3 siRNA and shRNA, and ORF plasmid for silencing and overexpression, respectively. Key Results: After eight weeks, diabetic rat heart showed reduced cardiac cell size, increased oxidative stress and reduction of the activities of enzymes involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). There was reduced expression and activity of SIRT-3 and mitochondrial transcription factor (TFAM) in diabetic heart. Reduced SIRT-3 expression is also correlated with increased acetylation, decreased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) binding activity of TFAM, and reduced transcription of mitochondrial DNA encoded genes. Administration of resveratrol prevented the decrease in SIRT-3 and TFAM activity, which was corresponding to the reduced acetylation status of TFAM. Silencing SIRT-3 using siRNA in H9C2 cells showed increased acetylation of TFAM. Conclusion and Implications: Together our data shows that resveratrol activates SIRT-3, regulates the acetylation status of TFAM and preserves the mitochondrial function along with cellular size in diabetic rat heart.
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14
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Rader EP, Naimo MA, Ensey J, Baker BA. VCAM-1 upregulation accompanies muscle remodeling following resistance-type exercise in Snell dwarf (Pit1 dw/dw ) mice. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12816. [PMID: 29992743 PMCID: PMC6156491 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Snell dwarf mice (Pit1dw/dw ) exhibit deficiencies in growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid stimulating hormone. Besides being an experimental model of hypopituitarism, these mice are long-lived (>40% lifespan extension) and utilized as a model of slowed/delayed aging. Whether this longevity is accompanied by a compromised quality of life in terms of muscular performance has not yet been characterized. In this study, we investigated nontrained and trained muscles 1 month following a general validated resistance-type exercise protocol in 3-month-old Snell dwarf mice and control littermates. Nontrained Snell dwarf gastrocnemius muscles exhibited a 1.3-fold greater muscle mass to body weight ratio than control values although muscle quality, maximum isometric torque normalized to muscle mass, and fatigue recovery were compromised. For control mice, training increased isometric torque (17%) without altering muscle mass. For Snell dwarf mice, isometric torque was unaltered by training despite decreased muscle mass that rendered muscle mass to body weight ratio comparable to control values. Muscle quality and fatigue recovery improved twofold and threefold, respectively, for Snell dwarf mice. This accompanied a fourfold increase in levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), a mediator of progenitor cell recruitment, and muscle remodeling in the form of increased number of central nuclei, additional muscle fibers per unit area, and altered fiber type distribution. These results reveal a trade-off between muscle quality and longevity in the context of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency and that resistance-type training can diminish this trade-off by improving muscle quality concomitant with VCAM-1 upregulation and muscle remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P. Rader
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Morgantown West Virginia
| | - Marshall A. Naimo
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Morgantown West Virginia
- Division of Exercise Physiology; West Virginia School of Medicine; Morgantown West Virginia
| | - James Ensey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Morgantown West Virginia
| | - Brent A. Baker
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Morgantown West Virginia
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15
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Houde M, Schwertani A, Touil H, Desbiens L, Sarrhini O, Lecomte R, Lepage M, Gagnon H, Takai S, Pejler G, Jacques D, Gobeil F, Day R, D'Orléans-Juste P. Mouse Mast Cell Protease 4 Deletion Protects Heart Function and Survival After Permanent Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:868. [PMID: 30233357 PMCID: PMC6127244 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chymase, a mast cell serine protease involved in the generation of multiple cardiovascular factors, such as angiotensin II and endothelin-1 (ET-1), is elevated and participates in tissue degeneration after permanent myocardial infarction (PMI). Anesthetized 4-month old male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice and mouse mast cell protease-4 knockout (mMCP-4 KO) congeners were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. A group of mice was then subjected to Kaplan-Meier 28-day survival analysis. In another group of mice, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) was performed to evaluate heart function and the infarcted zone 3 days post-PMI surgery. Cardiac morphology following PMI was evaluated on formalin-fixed heart slices and glycoproteomic analysis was performed using mass spectrometry. Finally, cardiac and lung tissue content of immunoreactive ET-1 was determined. PMI caused 60% mortality in WT mice, due to left ventricular wall rupture, and 7% in mMCP-4 KO mice. Cardiac PET analysis revealed a significant reduction in left ventricular volume (systolic and diastolic) and preserved the ejection fraction in mMCP-4 KO compared to WT animals. The infarcted area, apoptotic signaling and wall remodeling were significantly decreased in mMCP-4 KO mice compared to their WT congeners, while collagen deposition was increased. Glycoproteomic analysis showed an increase in apolipoprotein A1, an established chymase substrate in mMCP-4 KO mice compared to WT mice post-PMI. ET-1 levels were increased in the lungs of WT, but not mMCP-4 KO mice, 24 h post-PMI. Thus, the genetic deletion of mMCP-4 improved survival and heart function post-PMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Houde
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hanène Touil
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Louisane Desbiens
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Otman Sarrhini
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center, CRCHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Roger Lecomte
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center, CRCHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center, CRCHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Gagnon
- PhenoSwitch Bioscience Inc., Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Fernand Gobeil
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Day
- Department of Surgery, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Pedro D'Orléans-Juste
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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16
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Sulistyowati E, Hsu JH, Cheng YB, Chang FR, Chen YF, Yeh JL. Indonesian herbal medicine prevents hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy by diminishing NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative stress. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86784-86798. [PMID: 29156835 PMCID: PMC5689725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Indonesian herbal medicine Centella asiatica, Justicia gendarussa and Imperata cylindrica decoction (CJID) are known to be efficacious for hypertension. Oxidative stress plays an important role in hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy (H-LVH). This study evaluated whether CJID inhibit cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) through mechanism of oxidative stress-related cardiac-NADPH oxidase (NOXs) pathway: NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4. Forty-weeks-old SHRs and normotensive-WKY rats, were both randomly divided into 2 groups: CJID and control. All rats were treated for 5 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. LV morphology, function and performance were assessed by histological staining and echocardiography. Serum and cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were assessed. Cardiac superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) productions, protein expressions of SOD2, SOD3, NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4 were also determined. We found that SBP and HR were significantly decreased in SHRs-treated group. Echocardiography showed that CJID significantly improved LV morphometry and function. CJID decreased MDA level, but increased SOD activity. Cardiac superoxide and H2O2 generation were decreased in SHRs-treated group. CJID caused cardiac SODs expressions to be increased but NOXs expressions to be suppressed. In conclusion, CJID prevents H-LVH by reducing reactive oxygen species production via the NOXs-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Sulistyowati
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Malang, Malang, East Java Province, Indonesia
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Sin-Lau Christian Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Katare PB, Bagul PK, Dinda AK, Banerjee SK. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Inhibition Improves Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Health in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats. Front Immunol 2017; 8:719. [PMID: 28690610 PMCID: PMC5479928 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation remains a crucial factor for progression of cardiac diseases and cardiac hypertrophy remains an important cause of cardiac failure over all age groups. As a key regulator of inflammation, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Being an important regulator of innate immunity, the precise pathway of TLR4-mediated cardiac complications is yet to be established. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study was to find the role of TLR4 in cardiac hypertrophy and the molecular mechanism thereof. METHODS Cardiac hypertrophy was induced with administration of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day, sc). TLR4 receptor inhibitor RS-LPS (lipopolysaccharide from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides; 5 μg/day) and agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (from Escherichia coli; 3.12 μg/day) were administered through osmotic pump along with isoproterenol. Cardiac hypertrophy as well as oxidative stress and mitochondrial parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed with increased heart weight/body weight ratio as well as assessment of hypertrophic markers in heart. There was a marked increase in the TLR4 expression and oxidative stress along with mitochondrial dysfunction in ISO group. TLR4 inhibition significantly decreased heart weight/body weight ratio and ANP, collagen, and β-MHC expression and restored the disturbed cellular antioxidant flux. The mitochondrial perturbations that were observed in hypertrophy heart was normalized after administration of TLR4 inhibitor but not with the agonist. TLR4 agonism further exaggerated the oxidative stress in heart and hence accelerated the disease development and progression. CONCLUSION Our data show that increased TLR4 ligand pool in cardiac hypertrophy may exaggerate the disease progression. However, inhibition of TLR4 attenuated cardiac hypertrophy through reduced cardiac redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar B Katare
- Drug Discovery Research Center (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
| | - Pankaj K Bagul
- Drug Discovery Research Center (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
| | - Amit K Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Drug Discovery Research Center (DDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
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18
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Lee KN, Lu X, Nguyen C, Feng Q, Chidiac P. Cardiomyocyte specific overexpression of a 37 amino acid domain of regulator of G protein signalling 2 inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and improves function in response to pressure overload in mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017. [PMID: 28641980 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signalling 2 (RGS2) is known to play a protective role in maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure via its ability to inhibit Gq- and Gs- mediated GPCR signalling. We previously demonstrated that RGS2 can also inhibit protein translation and can thereby attenuate cell growth. This G protein-independent inhibitory effect has been mapped to a 37 amino acid domain (RGS2eb) within RGS2 that binds to eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B). When expressed in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, RGS2eb attenuates both protein synthesis and hypertrophy induced by Gq- and Gs- activating agents. In the current study, we investigated the potential cardioprotective role of RGS2eb by determining whether RGS2eb transgenic (RGS2eb TG) mice with cardiomyocyte specific overexpression of RGS2eb show resistance to the development of hypertrophy in comparison to wild-type (WT) controls. Using transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in a pressure-overload hypertrophy model, we demonstrated that cardiac hypertrophy was inhibited in RGS2eb TG mice compared to WT controls following four weeks of TAC. Expression of the hypertrophic markers atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and β-myosin heavy chain (MHC-β) was also reduced in RGS2eb TG compared to WT TAC animals. Furthermore, cardiac function in RGS2eb TG TAC mice was significantly improved compared to WT TAC mice. Notably, cardiomyocyte cell size was significantly decreased in TG compared to WT TAC mice. These results suggest that RGS2 may limit pathological cardiac hypertrophy at least in part via the function of its eIF2B-binding domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Xiangru Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Chau Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York 14201, USA
| | - Qingping Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Peter Chidiac
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada.
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19
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Tarantini S, Giles CB, Wren JD, Ashpole NM, Valcarcel-Ares MN, Wei JY, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z, Csiszar A. IGF-1 deficiency in a critical period early in life influences the vascular aging phenotype in mice by altering miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation: implications for the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:239-258. [PMID: 27566308 PMCID: PMC5061677 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological findings support the concept of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, suggesting that early-life hormonal influences during a sensitive period of development have a fundamental impact on vascular health later in life. The endocrine changes that occur during development are highly conserved across mammalian species and include dramatic increases in circulating IGF-1 levels during adolescence. The present study was designed to characterize the effect of developmental IGF-1 deficiency on the vascular aging phenotype. To achieve that goal, early-onset endocrine IGF-1 deficiency was induced in mice by knockdown of IGF-1 in the liver using Cre-lox technology (Igf1 f/f mice crossed with mice expressing albumin-driven Cre recombinase). This model exhibits low-circulating IGF-1 levels during the peripubertal phase of development, which is critical for the biology of aging. Due to the emergence of miRNAs as important regulators of the vascular aging phenotype, the effect of early-life IGF-1 deficiency on miRNA expression profile in the aorta was examined in animals at 27 months of age. We found that developmental IGF-1 deficiency elicits persisting late-life changes in miRNA expression in the vasculature, which significantly differed from those in mice with adult-onset IGF-1 deficiency (TBG-Cre-AAV8-mediated knockdown of IGF-1 at 5 month of age in Igf1 f/f mice). Using a novel computational approach, we identified miRNA target genes that are co-expressed with IGF-1 and associate with aging and vascular pathophysiology. We found that among the predicted targets, the expression of multiple extracellular matrix-related genes, including collagen-encoding genes, were downregulated in mice with developmental IGF-1 deficiency. Collectively, IGF-1 deficiency during a critical period during early in life results in persistent changes in post-transcriptional miRNA-mediated control of genes critical targets for vascular health, which likely contribute to the deleterious late-life cardiovascular effects known to occur with developmental IGF-1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tarantini
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Cory B Giles
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Nicole M Ashpole
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - M Noa Valcarcel-Ares
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Jeanne Y Wei
- Reynolds Institute on Aging and Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Science, 4301 West Markham Street, No. 748, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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20
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Bagul PK, Dinda A, Banerjee SK. Effect of resveratrol on sirtuins expression and cardiac complications in diabetes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:221-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Smith SC, Zhang X, Zhang X, Gross P, Starosta T, Mohsin S, Franti M, Gupta P, Hayes D, Myzithras M, Kahn J, Tanner J, Weldon SM, Khalil A, Guo X, Sabri A, Chen X, MacDonnell S, Houser SR. GDF11 does not rescue aging-related pathological hypertrophy. Circ Res 2015; 117:926-32. [PMID: 26383970 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β super family of secreted factors. A recent study showed that reduced GDF11 blood levels with aging was associated with pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) and restoring GDF11 to normal levels in old mice rescued PCH. OBJECTIVE To determine whether and by what mechanism GDF11 rescues aging dependent PCH. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four-month-old C57BL/6 mice were given a daily injection of either recombinant (r) GDF11 at 0.1 mg/kg or vehicle for 28 days. rGDF11 bioactivity was confirmed in vitro. After treatment, rGDF11 levels were significantly increased, but there was no significant effect on either heart weight or body weight. Heart weight/body weight ratios of old mice were not different from 8- or 12-week-old animals, and the PCH marker atrial natriuretic peptide was not different in young versus old mice. Ejection fraction, internal ventricular dimension, and septal wall thickness were not significantly different between rGDF11 and vehicle-treated animals at baseline and remained unchanged at 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment. There was no difference in myocyte cross-sectional area rGDF11 versus vehicle-treated old animals. In vitro studies using phenylephrine-treated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, to explore the putative antihypertrophic effects of GDF11, showed that GDF11 did not reduce neonatal rat ventricular myocytes hypertrophy, but instead induced hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS Our studies show that there is no age-related PCH in disease-free 24-month-old C57BL/6 mice and that restoring GDF11 in old mice has no effect on cardiac structure or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavonn C Smith
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Polina Gross
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Timothy Starosta
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Michael Franti
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - David Hayes
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Maria Myzithras
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Julius Kahn
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - James Tanner
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Steven M Weldon
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Xinji Guo
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Abdelkarim Sabri
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Scott MacDonnell
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell)
| | - Steven R Houser
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.C.S., Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, P.G., T.S., S Mohsin, X.G., A.S., X.C., S.R.H.); and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT (M.F., P.G., D.H., M.M., J.K., J.T., S.M.W., A.K., S. MacDonnell).
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22
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Wu JP, Hsieh CH, Ho TJ, Kuo WW, Yeh YL, Lin CC, Kuo CH, Huang CY. Secondhand smoke exposure toxicity accelerates age-related cardiac disease in old hamsters. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:195. [PMID: 25524239 PMCID: PMC4349676 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is associated with physiological or pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) cardiac changes. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with pathological LVH. The action mechanism in cardiac concentric hypertrophy from SHS exposure is understood, but the transition contributed from SHS exposure is not. To determine whether exposure to SHS has an impact on age-induced LVH we examined young and old hamsters that underwent SHS exposure in a chamber for 30 mins. Methods Morphological and histological studies were then conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome staining. Echocardiographic analysis was used to determine left ventricular wall thickness and function. LVH related protein expression levels were detected by western blot analysis. Results The results showed that both young and aged hamsters exposed to SHS exhibited increased heart weights and left ventricular weights, left ventricular posterior wall thickness and intraventricular septum systolic and diastolic pressure also increased. However, left ventricular function systolic and diastolic pressure deteriorated. H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining results showed LV papillary muscles were ruptured, resulting in lower cardiac function at the myocardial level. LV muscle fiber arrangement was disordered and collagen accumulation occurred. Concentric LVH related protein molecular markers increased only in young hamsters exposed to SHS. However, this declined with hamster age. By contrast, eccentric LVH related proteins increased in aging hamsters exposed the SHS. Pro-inflammatory proteins, IL-6, TNF-α, JAK1, STAT3, and SIRTI expression increased in aging hamsters exposed to SHS. Conclusions We suggest that SHS exposure induces a pro-inflammatory response that results in concentric transition to aging eccentric LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Liu Y, Maureira P, Gauchotte G, Falanga A, Marie V, Olivier A, Groubatch F, Gu C, Marie PY, Tran N. Effect of chronic left ventricular unloading on myocardial remodeling: Multimodal assessment of two heterotopic heart transplantation techniques. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014; 34:594-603. [PMID: 25703962 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac recovery is possible by means of mechanical unloading yet remains rare. Excessive unloading-associated myocardial atrophy and fibrosis may adversely affect the process of reverse remodeling. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effect of different intensities of chronic left ventricular (LV) unloading on myocardial remodeling. METHODS Twenty-five isogenic Lewis rats underwent complete LV unloading (CU, n = 15) induced by heterotopic heart transplantation or partial LV unloading (PU, n = 10) by heterotopic heart-lung transplantation. Information obtained from serial echocardiography, 2-deoxy-2[(18)F]fluoro-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG)-positron emission tomography, and an LV pressure-volume catheter were used to evaluate the morphology, glucose metabolism, and hemodynamic performance of the orthotopic hearts and heterotopic transplants over 4 weeks. Cell size, collagen content, tissue cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 were also determined. The recorded parameters included LV end-systolic dimension, LV end-diastolic dimension, posterior wall thickness, diastolic interventricular septum thickness, LV fractional shortening, and LV ejection fraction. RESULTS We demonstrated an LV load-dependent relationship using echo-based structural (left posterior wall thickness, diastolic interventricular septum thickness, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) and functional (LV fractional shortening and LV ejection fraction) parameters, as well as an (18)F-FDG uptake (all p < 0.05). This load-dependent relationship was also evidenced in measurements from the pressure-volume conductance catheter (stroke volume, stroke work, cardiac output, dP/dTmax, and -dP/dTmin; all p < 0.05). Significant myocardial atrophy and fibrosis were observed in unloaded hearts, whereas concentrations of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were comparable in both unloading conditions. CONCLUSIONS Partial and complete unloading affected the remodeling of non-failing hearts in a rodent model to different extents on myocardial atrophy, fibrosis, glucose metabolism, and mechanical work. Cardiac atrophy is the prominent change after mechanical unloading, which exaggerates the proportion of total collagen that is responsible for diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery And Heart Transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Nancy, Nancy, France; School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pablo Maureira
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery And Heart Transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Nancy, Nancy, France; School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
| | | | - Aude Falanga
- School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Venessa Marie
- School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Frederique Groubatch
- School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Celine Gu
- Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Marie
- School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Nguyen Tran
- School of Surgery, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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24
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Grimes KM, Voorhees A, Chiao YA, Han HC, Lindsey ML, Buffenstein R. Cardiac function of the naked mole-rat: ecophysiological responses to working underground. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H730-7. [PMID: 24363308 PMCID: PMC3949069 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00831.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a strictly subterranean rodent with a low resting metabolic rate. Nevertheless, it can greatly increase its metabolic activity to meet the high energetic demands associated with digging through compacted soils in its xeric natural habitat where food is patchily distributed. We hypothesized that the NMR heart would naturally have low basal function and exhibit a large cardiac reserve, thereby mirroring the species' low basal metabolism and large metabolic scope. Echocardiography showed that young (2-4 yr old) healthy NMRs have low fractional shortening (28 ± 2%), ejection fraction (43 ± 2%), and cardiac output (6.5 ± 0.4 ml/min), indicating low basal cardiac function. Histology revealed large NMR cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area (216 ± 10 μm(2)) and cardiac collagen deposition of 2.2 ± 0.4%. Neither of these histomorphometric traits was considered pathological, since biaxial tensile testing showed no increase in passive ventricular stiffness. NMR cardiomyocyte fibers showed a low degree of rotation, contributing to the observed low NMR cardiac contractility. Interestingly, when the exercise mimetic dobutamine (3 μg/g ip) was administered, NMRs showed pronounced increases in fractional shortening, ejection fraction, cardiac output, and stroke volume, indicating an increased cardiac reserve. The relatively low basal cardiac function and enhanced cardiac reserve of NMRs are likely to be ecophysiological adaptations to life in an energetically taxing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Grimes
- Department of Physiology and the Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Aging and Longevity Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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25
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Valencak TG, Ruf T. Phospholipid composition and longevity: lessons from Ames dwarf mice. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:2303-2313. [PMID: 23640425 PMCID: PMC3825011 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-013-9533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fatty acid (FA) composition is correlated with longevity in mammals. The "membrane pacemaker hypothesis of ageing" proposes that animals which cellular membranes contain high amounts of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) have shorter life spans because their membranes are more susceptible to peroxidation and further oxidative damage. It remains to be shown, however, that long-lived phenotypes such as the Ames dwarf mouse have membranes containing fewer PUFAs and thus being less prone to peroxidation, as would be predicted from the membrane pacemaker hypothesis of ageing. Here, we show that across four different tissues, i.e., muscle, heart, liver and brain as well as in liver mitochondria, Ames dwarf mice possess membrane phospholipids containing between 30 and 60 % PUFAs (depending on the tissue), which is similar to PUFA contents of their normal-sized, short-lived siblings. However, we found that that Ames dwarf mice membrane phospholipids were significantly poorer in n-3 PUFAs. While lack of a difference in PUFA contents is contradicting the membrane pacemaker hypothesis, the lower n-3 PUFAs content in the long-lived mice provides some support for the membrane pacemaker hypothesis of ageing, as n-3 PUFAs comprise those FAs being blamed most for causing oxidative damage. By comparing tissue composition between 1-, 2- and 6-month-old mice in both phenotypes, we found that membranes differed both in quantity of PUFAs and in the prevalence of certain PUFAs. In sum, membrane composition in the Ames dwarf mouse supports the concept that tissue FA composition is related to longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa G Valencak
- Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Savoyenstrasse 1, 1160, Vienna, Austria,
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Bartke A, Sun LY, Longo V. Somatotropic signaling: trade-offs between growth, reproductive development, and longevity. Physiol Rev 2013; 93:571-98. [PMID: 23589828 PMCID: PMC3768106 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is a key determinant of postnatal growth and plays an important role in the control of metabolism and body composition. Surprisingly, deficiency in GH signaling delays aging and remarkably extends longevity in laboratory mice. In GH-deficient and GH-resistant animals, the "healthspan" is also extended with delays in cognitive decline and in the onset of age-related disease. The role of hormones homologous to insulin-like growth factor (IGF, an important mediator of GH actions) in the control of aging and lifespan is evolutionarily conserved from worms to mammals with some homologies extending to unicellular yeast. The combination of reduced GH, IGF-I, and insulin signaling likely contributes to extended longevity in GH or GH receptor-deficient organisms. Diminutive body size and reduced fecundity of GH-deficient and GH-resistant mice can be viewed as trade-offs for extended longevity. Mechanisms responsible for delayed aging of GH-related mutants include enhanced stress resistance and xenobiotic metabolism, reduced inflammation, improved insulin signaling, and various metabolic adjustments. Pathological excess of GH reduces life expectancy in men as well as in mice, and GH resistance or deficiency provides protection from major age-related diseases, including diabetes and cancer, in both species. However, there is yet no evidence of increased longevity in GH-resistant or GH-deficient humans, possibly due to non-age-related deaths. Results obtained in GH-related mutant mice provide striking examples of mutations of a single gene delaying aging, reducing age-related disease, and extending lifespan in a mammal and providing novel experimental systems for the study of mechanisms of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bartke
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Research, Springfield, Illinois 62703, USA.
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27
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Elnakish MT, Hassona MDH, Alhaj MA, Moldovan L, Janssen PML, Khan M, Hassanain HH. Rac-induced left ventricular dilation in thyroxin-treated ZmRacD transgenic mice: role of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42500. [PMID: 22936985 PMCID: PMC3427332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathways inducing the critical transition from compensated hypertrophy to cardiac dilation and failure remain poorly understood. The goal of our study is to determine the role of Rac-induced signaling in this transition process. Our previous results showed that Thyroxin (T4) treatment resulted in increased myocardial Rac expression in wild-type mice and a higher level of expression in Zea maize RacD (ZmRacD) transgenic mice. Our current results showed that T4 treatment induced physiologic cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type mice, as demonstrated by echocardiography and histopathology analyses. This was associated with significant increases in myocardial Rac-GTP, superoxide and ERK1/2 activities. Conversely, echocardiography and histopathology analyses showed that T4 treatment induced dilated cardiomyopathy along with compensatory cardiac hypertrophy in ZmRacD mice. These were linked with further increases in myocardial Rac-GTP, superoxide and ERK1/2 activities. Additionally, there were significant increases in caspase-8 expression and caspase-3 activity. However, there was a significant decrease in p38-MAPK activity. Interestingly, inhibition of myocardial Rac-GTP activity and superoxide generation with pravastatin and carvedilol, respectively, attenuated all functional, structural, and molecular changes associated with the T4-induced cardiomyopathy in ZmRacD mice except the compensatory cardiac hypertrophy. Taken together, T4-induced ZmRacD is a novel mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy that shares many characteristics with the human disease phenotype. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show graded Rac-mediated O(2)·(-) results in cardiac phenotype shift in-vivo. Moreover, Rac-mediated O(2)·(-) generation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis seem to play a pivotal role in the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to cardiac dilation and failure. Targeting Rac signaling could represent valuable therapeutic strategy not only in saving the failing myocardium but also to prevent this transition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T. Elnakish
- Department of Anesthesiology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mohamed D. H. Hassona
- Department of Anesthesiology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mazin A. Alhaj
- Department of Anesthesiology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Leni Moldovan
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Paul M. L. Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hamdy H. Hassanain
- Department of Anesthesiology, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Abstract
The average lifespan of humans is increasing, and with it the percentage of people entering the 65 and older age group is growing rapidly and will continue to do so in the next 20 years. Within this age group, cardiovascular disease will remain the leading cause of death, and the cost associated with treatment will continue to increase. Aging is an inevitable part of life and unfortunately poses the largest risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although numerous studies in the cardiovascular field have considered both young and aged humans, there are still many unanswered questions as to how the genetic pathways that regulate aging in model organisms influence cardiovascular aging. Likewise, in the molecular biology of aging field, few studies fully assess the role of these aging pathways in cardiovascular health. Fortunately, this gap is beginning to close, and these two fields are merging together. We provide an overview of some of the key genes involved in regulating lifespan and health span, including sirtuins, AMP-activated protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 and their roles regulating cardiovascular health. We then discuss a series of review articles that will appear in succession and provide a more comprehensive analysis of studies carried out linking genes of aging and cardiovascular health, and perspectives of future directions of these two intimately linked fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J North
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ungvari Z, Csiszar A. The emerging role of IGF-1 deficiency in cardiovascular aging: recent advances. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 67:599-610. [PMID: 22451468 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on cardiovascular protective effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, provides a landscape of molecular mechanisms involved in cardiovascular alterations in patients and animal models with congenital and adult-onset IGF-1 deficiency, and explores the link between age-related IGF-1 deficiency and the molecular, cellular, and functional changes that occur in the cardiovascular system during aging. Microvascular protection conferred by endocrine and paracrine IGF-1 signaling, its implications for the pathophysiology of cardiac failure and vascular cognitive impairment, and the role of impaired cellular stress resistance in cardiovascular aging considered here are based on emerging knowledge of the effects of IGF-1 on Nrf2-driven antioxidant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1303, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Swindell WR, Johnston A, Sun L, Xing X, Fisher GJ, Bulyk ML, Elder JT, Gudjonsson JE. Meta-profiles of gene expression during aging: limited similarities between mouse and human and an unexpectedly decreased inflammatory signature. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33204. [PMID: 22413003 PMCID: PMC3296693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin aging is associated with intrinsic processes that compromise the structure of the extracellular matrix while promoting loss of functional and regenerative capacity. These processes are accompanied by a large-scale shift in gene expression, but underlying mechanisms are not understood and conservation of these mechanisms between humans and mice is uncertain. RESULTS We used genome-wide expression profiling to investigate the aging skin transcriptome. In humans, age-related shifts in gene expression were sex-specific. In females, aging increased expression of transcripts associated with T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells, and decreased expression of genes in regions with elevated Zeb1, AP-2 and YY1 motif density. In males, however, these effects were contrasting or absent. When age-associated gene expression patterns in human skin were compared to those in tail skin from CB6F1 mice, overall human-mouse correspondence was weak. Moreover, inflammatory gene expression patterns were not induced with aging of mouse tail skin, and well-known aging biomarkers were in fact decreased (e.g., Clec7a, Lyz1 and Lyz2). These unexpected patterns and weak human-mouse correspondence may be due to decreased abundance of antigen presenting cells in mouse tail skin with age. CONCLUSIONS Aging is generally associated with a pro-inflammatory state, but we have identified an exception to this pattern with aging of CB6F1 mouse tail skin. Aging therefore does not uniformly heighten inflammatory status across all mouse tissues. Furthermore, we identified both intercellular and intracellular mechanisms of transcriptome aging, including those that are sex- and species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
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Wijeyesekera A, Selman C, Barton RH, Holmes E, Nicholson JK, Withers DJ. Metabotyping of long-lived mice using 1H NMR spectroscopy. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2224-35. [PMID: 22225495 PMCID: PMC4467904 DOI: 10.1021/pr2010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Significant advances in understanding aging have been achieved through studying model organisms with extended healthy lifespans. Employing 1H NMR spectroscopy, we characterized the plasma metabolic phenotype (metabotype) of three long-lived murine models: 30% dietary restricted (DR), insulin receptor substrate 1 null (Irs1-/-), and Ames dwarf (Prop1df/df). A panel of metabolic differences were generated for each model relative to their controls, and subsequently, the three long-lived models were compared to one another. Concentrations of mobile very low density lipoproteins, trimethylamine, and choline were significantly decreased in the plasma of all three models. Metabolites including glucose, choline, glycerophosphocholine, and various lipids were significantly reduced, while acetoacetate, d-3-hydroxybutyrate and trimethylamine-N-oxide levels were increased in DR compared to ad libitum fed controls. Plasma lipids and glycerophosphocholine were also decreased in Irs1-/- mice compared to controls, as were methionine and citrate. In contrast, high density lipoproteins and glycerophosphocholine were increased in Ames dwarf mice, as were methionine and citrate. Pairwise comparisons indicated that differences existed between the metabotypes of the different long-lived mice models. Irs1-/- mice, for example, had elevated glucose, acetate, acetone, and creatine but lower methionine relative to DR mice and Ames dwarfs. Our study identified several potential candidate biomarkers directionally altered across all three models that may be predictive of longevity but also identified differences in the metabolic signatures. This comparative approach suggests that the metabolic networks underlying lifespan extension may not be exactly the same for each model of longevity and is consistent with multifactorial control of the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Wijeyesekera
- Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Bartke A. Pleiotropic effects of growth hormone signaling in aging. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2011; 22:437-42. [PMID: 21852148 PMCID: PMC4337825 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) affects somatic growth, sexual maturation, body composition and metabolism, as well as aging and longevity. Mice lacking GH or GH receptor outlive their normal siblings and exhibit symptoms of delayed aging associated with improved insulin signaling and increased stress resistance. Beneficial effects of eliminating the actions of GH are counterintuitive but conform to the concept of antagonistic pleiotropy. Evolutionary selection for traits promoting early-life fitness and reproductive success could account for post-reproductive deficits. Reciprocal relationships between GH signaling and longevity discovered in mutant mice apply also to normal mice, other mammalian species, and perhaps humans. This review summarizes the present understanding of the multifaceted relationship between somatotropic signaling and mammalian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 North Rutledge, PO Box 19628, Springfield, IL 62794-9628, USA.
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