1
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Li Y, Li L, Yin W, Wan J, Zhong X. Bibliometric analysis of the correlation between H. pylori and inflammatory bowel disease. JGH Open 2024; 8:e70014. [PMID: 39148512 PMCID: PMC11325047 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.70014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is prevalent and associated with the development of various gastric diseases. On the other hand, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-related intestinal disorder influenced by factors like gut microbiota imbalance, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences. Despite extensive research on the H. pylori-IBD relationship, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this area is lacking. Therefore, this study aims to use bibliometric methods to explore research trends, hotspots, and frontiers in H. pylori and IBD-related research, offering valuable insights for future research and clinical practice. Methods We retrieved relevant literature on H. pylori and IBD from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Scopus databases covering 2007 to 2024. We perform a comprehensive analysis within the WoSCC literature. We compare these findings with relevant results from Scopus. Results Research on H. pylori and IBD has remained prominent in recent years. The United States leads in output, with strong contributions from authors, institutions, and journals. China, despite being a developing country, shows rapid article growth, signaling growing research potential. Key topics include Crohn's disease, gut microbiota, H. pylori infection, and ulcerative colitis. Newer interests include health, cancer prevention, and chronic gastritis. Conclusion Over the past, research on H. pylori and IBD has primarily centered around epidemiology and clinical studies. The question of whether H. pylori definitively offers protective effects against IBD remains unresolved. Therefore, further investigation could explore the underlying mechanisms of their relationship or initiate long-term prospective cohort studies to gather more compelling evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Limin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Wenmeng Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Juyi Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
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2
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Are Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Carcinoma Associated with Helicobacter pylori? A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies regarding the correlation between colorectal carcinoma, inflammatory bowel disease and Helicobacter pylori infection are inconsistent. The present study aims to investigate the association between colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with H. pylori status in 100 patients who have inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma was confirmed disease by histological approach. Besides, a meta-analysis was performed of published studies, to evaluate the link between H. pylori infection and an increased risk of CRC and IBD. Among 67 cases with CRA and 33 cases with IBD, 59.7% and 51.5% were H. pylori positive; respectively. In the meta-analysis, thirty-nine articles were included, involving 13 231 cases with CRC and 2477 with IBD. The pooled odds ratio for CRC and IBD was 1.16 (95%CI = 0.73-1.82) and 0.42 (95%CI = 0.32-0.56); respectively. Our meta-analysis indicates that H. pylori is not associated with CRC.
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3
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Ali I, Abdo Q, Al-Hihi SM, Shawabkeh A. Association between ulcerative colitis and Helicobacter pylori infection: A case-control study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08930. [PMID: 35198786 PMCID: PMC8841358 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative Colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is defined as chronic inflammation of the superficial mucosal layer of the large intestine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization, and UC in Palestine. Methods A total of 35 Palestinian patients of UC and 105 age-matched and gender-matched controls were retrospectively studied for a period of one year. Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was based on both colonoscopy and biopsy. The presence of H. pylori in the stomach was evaluated by the H. pylori stool antigen test (HpSA). An interview-based data collection form was filled for all patients with UC before starting the test. Results The overall positivity of H. pylori infection in patients with UC was 14.3%, significantly lower than the control group, 41.9% (odds ratios (OR) = 0.23, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.083–0.643, P-value = 0.003). Interestingly, the presence of H. pylori showed no correlation with the extension of UC (P-value = 0.44). Moreover, there were no relationships between the presence of H. pylori and age (P-value = 0.97), gender (P-value = 0.26), smoking (P-value = 0.08), and medication regimen (P-value = 0.80). Conclusion The rate of H. pylori infection was significantly lower in patients with UC compared with the control group suggesting a protective role of H. pylori against the occurrence of UC.
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4
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Ranjbar J, Geramizadeh B, Bagheri Lankarani K, Jowkar Z, Mirzai M, Moazamian E. Is the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in the Colonic Mucosa, Provocative of Activity in Ulcerative Colitis? CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (THOUSAND OAKS, VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.) 2022; 15:2632010X221096660. [PMID: 35592739 PMCID: PMC9112294 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x221096660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown world-wide increasing incidence of
ulcerative colitis (UC) as an autoimmune disease of intestine. In the
meantime, gastrointestinal H. Pylori infection is being decreased. Objectives: There are very few studies about comparing the presence of H. Pylori in the
colon and the disease activity of UC. There is no study form Iran. In this
study, we tried to investigate the presence of H. Pylori in the mucosa of
colon by molecular and microbiological as well as pathological methods to
find any association between the presence of this organism in the colon and
the presence and activity of UC. Patients and Methods: In 100 patients who referred to colonoscopy clinic, colonoscopy was
performed. Fifty-seven patients with the new diagnosis of UC were considered
as cases and 43 patients with normal screening colonoscopy for polyps were
considered as controls. Colon biopsies were evaluated according to
histopathology, clinical findings, and laboratory results to confirm the
diagnosis and the degree of activity in the cases of UC. Molecular studies
were also performed to evaluate the presence of H. Pylori genome in the
colon biopsies. A sample of colon was also cultured for H. Pylori. ELISA
test was performed in a sample of blood to evaluate the level of IL-10 and
IL-17 as regulatory cytokines of inflammation. Results: Cases with the diagnosis of UC showed significantly higher number of positive
colonic H. Pylori comparing to normal colonic mucosa. Also, the presence of
H. Pylori genome in the colon was associated with higher activity in the
cases with UC and higher levels of inflammatory mediators especially IL17
and lower levels of inhibitory mediators such as IL-10. Conclusion: Colonic colonization of H. Pylori was higher in the patients with UC and
higher activity of this disease comparing with normal control colonic
mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Ranjbar
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Agriculture and Modern Technology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy research center, School of Medicine, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Jowkar
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Mirzai
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Moazamian
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Agriculture and Modern Technology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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5
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Fujita Y, Tominaga K, Tanaka T, Sugaya T, Yoshihara S. Ulcerative colitis relapse after Helicobacter pylori eradication in a 12-year-old boy with duodenal ulcer. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:424. [PMID: 34758726 PMCID: PMC8579552 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prevalence is lower in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in those without IBD, suggesting that H. pylori plays a protective role in IBD. It has been reported that IBD may occur due to H. pylori eradication; however, it is unclear whether H. pylori eradication increases the incidence of IBD. Moreover, the effect of H. pylori eradication on IBD activity is unclear. Case presentation An 11-year-old boy diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) was in clinical remission, with treatment involving 5-aminosalicylic acid. Fecal calprotectin (FC) level had decreased to 33.2 mg/kg, indicating mucosal healing. At age 12, he experienced epigastric pain on an empty stomach, which was relieved with dietary intake. His FC level was elevated without UC symptoms, such as diarrhea and bloody stools. He was diagnosed with H. pylori duodenal ulcer. H. pylori eradication (clarithromycin and amoxicillin for 7 days and a proton-pump inhibitor) led to symptom improvement the day after treatment initiation. However, he developed diarrhea and his FC level remained high despite improvement in duodenal ulcer symptoms and endoscopic findings of H. pylori eradication. Colonoscopy results indicated UC relapse. Conclusions H. pylori eradication may worsen UC activity. However, further studies are required as this case report involved only one pediatric patient with increased UC activity after H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Fujita
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takanao Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigemi Yoshihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
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6
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Homolak J, Nikolić M, Potoč D, Živković M, Bakula D, Budimir I, Pavić I, Hrabar D, Ljubičić N, Vražić D. The onset of ulcerative colitis upon Helicobacter pylori eradication in a 72-year-old woman: report of a rare case with a 3-year follow-up. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:303. [PMID: 34332529 PMCID: PMC8325205 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse association between H. pylori infection/exposure and inflammatory bowel disease prevalence/incidence, however, there are no reports of individual patients who developed a "non-transient" ulcerative colitis (UC) following H. pylori eradication. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of a 72-year-old female with an elderly-onset UC developed upon H. pylori eradication and a 3-year follow-up of the progression to steroid-dependent colitis complicated with enteropathic arthritis and final containment of the disease with golimumab. In our patient, H. pylori eradication was associated with the development of pancolitis that evolved into clinically, endoscopically, and pathohistologically confirmed UC. CONCLUSIONS The case of our patient provides a unique clinical context for a growing body of literature suggesting molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of genes, environment, and microbiota to be of critical importance in the etiopathogenesis of UC, and thus, provides a valuable set of complementary translational information for preclinical and epidemiological research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Homolak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Nikolić
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. .,University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - D Potoč
- University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Živković
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Bakula
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Budimir
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Pavić
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Hrabar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Ljubičić
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Vražić
- Department of Periodontology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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7
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Shirzad-Aski H, Besharat S, Kienesberger S, Sohrabi A, Roshandel G, Amiriani T, Norouzi A, Keshtkar A. Association Between Helicobacter pylori Colonization and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 55:380-392. [PMID: 32833699 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various observational studies have examined a potential relationship between Helicobacter pylori colonization and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs); however, results are inconclusive. This systematic review evaluates articles reporting an association between human H. pylori colonization and IBD. METHODS A systematic search of studies was conducted to evaluate a possible relationship between H. pylori colonization and IBD. Seven databases and different types of gray literature were searched. After screening for relevant articles, selection and data extraction were done. After that, the data were analyzed, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, using meta-analysis. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and subgroups analyses were conducted. Funnel plots followed by Begg and Egger tests were done to assess the publication bias. RESULTS Among 58 studies, including 13,549 patients with IBD and 506,554 controls, the prevalence of H. pylori colonization was 22.74% and 36.30%, respectively. A significant negative association was observed between H. pylori colonization and IBD (pooled OR: 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.39-0.53, P≤0.001). The random-effect model showed significant statistical heterogeneity in the included studies (I2=79%). No publication bias was observed. Among subgroups, ORs were notably different when the data were stratified by the age difference between patient and control group, and by study regions and/or continent. Finally, the meta-regression analysis showed significant results, in terms of the age difference and region variables. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis, all statistical data support the theory that H. pylori has a protective role in IBD. However, more primary studies using proper methodology are needed to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sima Besharat
- Infectious Diseases Research Center
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
| | - Sabine Kienesberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ahmad Sohrabi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
| | - Aabbas Keshtkar
- Department of Health Sciences Education Development, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Gravina AG, Priadko K, Ciamarra P, Granata L, Facchiano A, Miranda A, Dallio M, Federico A, Romano M. Extra-Gastric Manifestations of Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123887. [PMID: 33265933 PMCID: PMC7761397 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative flagellated microorganism that has been extensively studied since its first isolation due to its widespread diffusion and association with numerous diseases. While the bacterium is proved to be a causative factor for a number of gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma, and MALT-lymphoma, its role at other gastrointestinal levels and in other systems is being thoroughly studied. In this article, we reviewed the latest published clinical and laboratory studies that investigated associations of H. pylori with hematologic diseases such as Vitamin B12- and iron-deficiency anemia, primary immune thrombocytopenia, and with a number of dermatologic and ophthalmic diseases. In addition, the putative role of the bacterium in inflammatory bowel diseases, esophageal disorders, metabolic, diseases, neurologic diseases and allergy were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Romano
- Correspondence: (A.G.G.); (M.R.); Tel.: +39-3382465767 (A.G.G.)
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9
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Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Fonseca-Camarillo G, Barrera-Ochoa CA, Furuzawa-Carballeda J. Synthesis of Interleukin-10 in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Helicobacter pylori Infection. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:4171083. [PMID: 32695157 PMCID: PMC7362266 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4171083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Detection of H. pylori infection was performed by a 13C-urea breath test in 31 patients with UC. In each patient, a serum sample was drawn to measure IL-10 by the ELISA technique. Based on the primary breath test result, two groups were formed and serum IL-10 was measured. RESULTS Serological IL-10 levels in patients with UC and negative 13C-urea breath test was 10.28 pg/ml whereas in patients with UC and positive 13C-urea breath test was 5.5 pg/ml (P = 0.035). IL-10 levels were higher in the inflammatory endoscopic and histological active groups which tested positive in the 13C-urea breath tests for H. pylori (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The role of IL-10 secretion in patients with UC in determining the clinicopathological outcome of infection merits further study. This study suggests an association between serum IL-10 and disease severity in patients with UC and HP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús K. Yamamoto-Furusho
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Barrera-Ochoa
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Imawana RA, Smith DR, Goodson ML. The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and Helicobacter pylori across East Asian, European and Mediterranean countries: a meta-analysis. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:485-494. [PMID: 32879595 PMCID: PMC7406810 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current literature suggests a protective benefit of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we assessed whether this effect varied by IBD subtype—Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC)—and geographic region: East Asia, Europe (non-Mediterranean) or Mediterranean region. Methods A database search was performed up to July 2019 inclusive for all studies that compared H. pylori infection in IBD patients vs. non-IBD controls. The relative risk (RR) was used to quantify the association between IBD and H. pylori, and the effects were combined across studies using a mixed-effects meta-regression model, which included IBD subtype and geographic region as categorical moderator variables. Results Our meta-regression model exhibited moderate heterogeneity (I2=48.74%). Pooled RR depended on both region (P=0.02) and subtype (P<0.001). Pooled RRs were <1 for all subtype and region combinations, indicative of a protective effect of H. pylori against IBD. The pooled RR was 28% (9%, 50%; P=0.001) greater for UC vs. CD and 43% (4%, 96%; P=0.02) greater for Mediterranean countries vs. East Asia. The pooled RR was 18% (-13%, 60%; P=0.48) greater for Europe vs. East Asia and 21% (-13%, 68%; P=0.42) greater for Mediterranean vs. Europe, though these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions The protective effect of H. pylori on IBD varied by both subtype (more protection against CD vs. UC) and region (East Asia more protected than Mediterranean regions). Variation due to these effects could provide insight into IBD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Robert Smith
- Medical Research Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia
| | - Michaela Louise Goodson
- Medical Research Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia
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11
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Mansour L, El-Kalla F, Kobtan A, Abd-Elsalam S, Yousef M, Soliman S, Ali LA, Elkhalawany W, Amer I, Harras H, Hagras MM, Elhendawy M. Helicobacter pylori may be an initiating factor in newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot study. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:641-649. [PMID: 30430119 PMCID: PMC6232561 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i13.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To directly visualize Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by the highly sensitive and specific technique of immunohistochemical staining in colonic tissue from patients newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS Colonoscopic biopsies from thirty patients with newly diagnosed UC and thirty controls were stained with Giemsa stain and immunohistochemical stain for detection of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Results were confirmed by testing H. pylori Ag in the stool then infected patients were randomized to receive either anti H. pylori treatment or placebo.
RESULTS Twelve/30 (40%) of the UC patients were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa, and 17/30 (56.6%) by immunohistochemistry stain. Among the control group 4/30 (13.3%) and 6/30 (20 %) were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa and immunohistochemistry staining respectively. H. pylori was significantly higher in UC than in controls (P = 0.04 and 0.007). All Giemsa positive patients and controls were positive by immunohistochemical stain. Four cases of the control group positive for H. pylori also showed microscopic features consistent with early UC.
CONCLUSION H. pylori can be detected in colonic mucosa of patients with UC and patients with histological superficial ulcerations and mild infiltration consistent with early UC. There seems to be an association between UC and presence of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Whether this is a causal relationship or not remains to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loai Mansour
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Ferial El-Kalla
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Kobtan
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yousef
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Samah Soliman
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Lobna Abo Ali
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Walaa Elkhalawany
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Amer
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33511, Egypt
| | - Heba Harras
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Maha M Hagras
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhendawy
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
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12
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Yu Y, Zhu S, Li P, Min L, Zhang S. Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease: a crosstalk between upper and lower digestive tract. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:961. [PMID: 30237392 PMCID: PMC6148320 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori has coexisted with humans for approximately 60,000 years and greater than 50% of the global population is infected with H. pylori. H. pylori was successfully cultured in vitro in 1983 and studies of H. pylori have achieved substantial advances over the last 35 years. Since then, H. pylori has been characterized as the primary pathogenic factor for chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric malignancy. Numerous patients have received H. pylori eradication treatment, but only 1-2% of H. pylori-infected individuals ultimately develop gastric cancer. Recently, numerous epidemiological and basic experimental studies suggested a role for chronic H. pylori infection in protecting against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by inducing systematic immune tolerance and suppressing inflammatory responses. Here we summarize the current research progress on the association between H. pylori and IBD, and further describe the detailed molecular mechanism underlying H. pylori-induced dendritic cells (DCs) with the tolerogenic phenotype and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). Based on the potential protective role of H. pylori infection on IBD, we suggest that the interaction between H. pylori and the host is complicated, and H. pylori eradication treatment should be administered with caution, especially for children and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China.
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13
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Zhang SL, Wang SN, Miao CY. Influence of Microbiota on Intestinal Immune System in Ulcerative Colitis and Its Intervention. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1674. [PMID: 29234327 PMCID: PMC5712343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with chronic and recurrent characteristics caused by multiple reasons. Although the pathogenic factors have not been clarified yet, recent studies have demonstrated that intestinal microbiota plays a major role in UC, especially in the immune system. This review focuses on the description of several major microbiota communities that affect UC and their interactions with the host. In this review, eight kinds of microbiota that are highly related to IBD, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa, Bacteroides, Roseburia species, Eubacterium rectale, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium, and Candida albicans are demonstrated on the changes in amount and roles in the onset and progression of IBD. In addition, potential therapeutic targets for UC involved in the regulation of microbiota, including NLRPs, vitamin D receptor as well as secreted proteins, are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Long Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Na Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Alshawaqfeh M, Bashaireh A, Serpedin E, Suchodolski J. Reliable Biomarker discovery from Metagenomic data via RegLRSD algorithm. BMC Bioinformatics 2017; 18:328. [PMID: 28693478 PMCID: PMC5504766 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-017-1738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biomarker detection presents itself as a major means of translating biological data into clinical applications. Due to the recent advances in high throughput sequencing technologies, an increased number of metagenomics studies have suggested the dysbiosis in microbial communities as potential biomarker for certain diseases. The reproducibility of the results drawn from metagenomic data is crucial for clinical applications and to prevent incorrect biological conclusions. The variability in the sample size and the subjects participating in the experiments induce diversity, which may drastically change the outcome of biomarker detection algorithms. Therefore, a robust biomarker detection algorithm that ensures the consistency of the results irrespective of the natural diversity present in the samples is needed. Results Toward this end, this paper proposes a novel Regularized Low Rank-Sparse Decomposition (RegLRSD) algorithm. RegLRSD models the bacterial abundance data as a superposition between a sparse matrix and a low-rank matrix, which account for the differentially and non-differentially abundant microbes, respectively. Hence, the biomarker detection problem is cast as a matrix decomposition problem. In order to yield more consistent and solid biological conclusions, RegLRSD incorporates the prior knowledge that the irrelevant microbes do not exhibit significant variation between samples belonging to different phenotypes. Moreover, an efficient algorithm to extract the sparse matrix is proposed. Comprehensive comparisons of RegLRSD with the state-of-the-art algorithms on three realistic datasets are presented. The obtained results demonstrate that RegLRSD consistently outperforms the other algorithms in terms of reproducibility performance and provides a marker list with high classification accuracy. Conclusions The proposed RegLRSD algorithm for biomarker detection provides high reproducibility and classification accuracy performance regardless of the dataset complexity and the number of selected biomarkers. This renders RegLRSD as a reliable and powerful tool for identifying potential metagenomic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alshawaqfeh
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
| | - Ahmad Bashaireh
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
| | - Erchin Serpedin
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA.
| | - Jan Suchodolski
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
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15
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Castaño-Rodríguez N, Kaakoush NO, Lee WS, Mitchell HM. Dual role of Helicobacter and Campylobacter species in IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut 2017; 66:235-249. [PMID: 26508508 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a comprehensive global systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and IBD. As bacterial antigen cross-reactivity has been postulated to be involved in this association, published data on enterohepatic Helicobacter spp (EHS) and Campylobacter spp and IBD was also analysed. DESIGN Electronic databases were searched up to July 2015 for all case-control studies on H. pylori infection/EHS/Campylobacter spp and IBD. Pooled ORs (P-OR) and 95% CIs were obtained using the random effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity and stratified analyses were performed. RESULTS Analyses comprising patients with Crohn's disease (CD), UC and IBD unclassified (IBDU), showed a consistent negative association between gastric H. pylori infection and IBD (P-OR: 0.43, p value <1e-10). This association appears to be stronger in patients with CD (P-OR: 0.38, p value <1e-10) and IBDU (P-OR: 0.43, p value=0.008) than UC (P-OR: 0.53, p value <1e-10). Stratification by age, ethnicity and medications showed significant results. In contrast to gastric H. pylori, non H. pylori-EHS (P-OR: 2.62, p value=0.001) and Campylobacter spp, in particular C. concisus (P-OR: 3.76, p value=0.006) and C. showae (P-OR: 2.39, p value=0.027), increase IBD risk. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection is negatively associated with IBD regardless of ethnicity, age, H. pylori detection methods and previous use of aminosalicylates and corticosteroids. Antibiotics influenced the magnitude of this association. Closely related bacteria including EHS and Campylobacter spp increase the risk of IBD. These results infer that H. pylori might exert an immunomodulatory effect in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Way Seah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Pediatrics and Child Health Research Group, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hazel M Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Alshawaqfeh M, Bashaireh A, Serpedin E, Suchodolski J. Consistent metagenomic biomarker detection via robust PCA. Biol Direct 2017; 12:4. [PMID: 28143486 PMCID: PMC5282705 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-017-0175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent developments of high throughput sequencing technologies allow the characterization of the microbial communities inhabiting our world. Various metagenomic studies have suggested using microbial taxa as potential biomarkers for certain diseases. In practice, the number of available samples varies from experiment to experiment. Therefore, a robust biomarker detection algorithm is needed to provide a set of potential markers irrespective of the number of available samples. Consistent performance is essential to derive solid biological conclusions and to transfer these findings into clinical applications. Surprisingly, the consistency of a metagenomic biomarker detection algorithm with respect to the variation in the experiment size has not been addressed by the current state-of-art algorithms. RESULTS We propose a consistency-classification framework that enables the assessment of consistency and classification performance of a biomarker discovery algorithm. This evaluation protocol is based on random resampling to mimic the variation in the experiment size. Moreover, we model the metagenomic data matrix as a superposition of two matrices. The first matrix is a low-rank matrix that models the abundance levels of the irrelevant bacteria. The second matrix is a sparse matrix that captures the abundance levels of the bacteria that are differentially abundant between different phenotypes. Then, we propose a novel Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) based biomarker discovery algorithm to recover the sparse matrix. RPCA belongs to the class of multivariate feature selection methods which treat the features collectively rather than individually. This provides the proposed algorithm with an inherent ability to handle the complex microbial interactions. Comprehensive comparisons of RPCA with the state-of-the-art algorithms on two realistic datasets are conducted. Results show that RPCA consistently outperforms the other algorithms in terms of classification accuracy and reproducibility performance. CONCLUSIONS The RPCA-based biomarker detection algorithm provides a high reproducibility performance irrespective of the complexity of the dataset or the number of selected biomarkers. Also, RPCA selects biomarkers with quite high discriminative accuracy. Thus, RPCA is a consistent and accurate tool for selecting taxanomical biomarkers for different microbial populations. REVIEWERS This article was reviewed by Masanori Arita and Zoltan Gaspari.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alshawaqfeh
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
| | - Ahmad Bashaireh
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
| | - Erchin Serpedin
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Signal Processing Lab, ECEN Dept., Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA.
| | - Jan Suchodolski
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3128, TX, USA
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17
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Arnold IC, Müller A. Helicobacter pylori: Does Gastritis Prevent Colitis? Inflamm Intest Dis 2016; 1:102-112. [PMID: 29922665 DOI: 10.1159/000445985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since its discovery in the early 1980s, Helicobacter pylori has been linked to a variety of gastric and extragastric diseases. Chronic infection with H. pylori causes histologically evident gastritis in all colonized individuals and is the predominant risk factor for gastric and duodenal ulcers as well as gastric adenocarcinoma. However, increasingly robust experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that H. pylori may at the same time be beneficial to its carriers, as it efficiently prevents allergic disorders and chronic inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this review is to summarize and document the latest evidence for a possible inverse association of H. pylori infection status and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as provided in both experimental and human observational studies. The pathogenesis of IBDs, the available mouse models for these diseases and the dual role of H. pylori in health and disease are presented in dedicated chapters. Summary and Key Messages Almost all available epidemiological data suggest that H. pylori infection is inversely associated with both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis in European, Asian as well as American populations; large meta-analyses reviewing 30 original articles or more document that this inverse association is especially strong in CD patients and in children and young adults. Experimental data available from various mouse models of IBD confirm that live H. pylori infection as well as treatment with immunomodulatory molecules of H. pylori reduce clinical and histopathological IBD symptoms. Various proposed mechanisms involving the tolerization of dendritic cells, the production of protective cytokines and the preferential induction and differentiation of regulatory T-cells are presented. The implications of the beneficial aspects of the Helicobacter-host interaction for H. pylori eradication decisions, as well as potential new therapeutic options in the treatment of IBD are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C Arnold
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Rokkas T, Gisbert JP, Niv Y, O'Morain C. The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease based on meta-analysis. United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 3:539-50. [PMID: 26668747 DOI: 10.1177/2050640615580889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans there are epidemiological data suggesting a protective effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection against the development of autoimmune diseases and in addition, there are laboratory data illustrating H. pylori's ability to induce immune tolerance and limit inflammatory responses. Thus, numerous observational studies have examined the association between H. pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with various results. OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis of available studies to better define the association of H. pylori infection and IBD. METHODS Medical literature searches for human studies were performed through September 2014, using suitable keywords. In each study the risk ratio (RR) of H. pylori infection in IBD patients vs controls was calculated and pooled estimates were obtained using fixed- or random-effects models as appropriate. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran Q test and I(2) statistics, whereas the likelihood of publication bias was assessed by constructing funnel plots. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were eligible for meta-analysis, including 4400 IBD patients and 4763 controls. Overall 26.5% of IBD patients were positive for H. pylori infection, compared to 44.7% of individuals in the control group. There was significant heterogeneity in the included studies (Q = 137.2, df (Q) =32, I(2) ( )= 77%, p < 0.001) and therefore the random-effects model of meta-analysis was used. The obtained pool RR estimation was 0.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55-0.71, test for overall effect Z = -7.04, p < 0.001). There was no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis showed a significant negative association between H. pylori infection and IBD that supports a possible protective benefit of H. pylori infection against the development of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rokkas
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
| | - J P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Unit, La Princesa University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Niv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - C O'Morain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meath/Adelaide Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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19
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Gao F, Chang D, Biddanda A, Ma L, Guo Y, Zhou Z, Keinan A. XWAS: A Software Toolset for Genetic Data Analysis and Association Studies of the X Chromosome. J Hered 2015; 106:666-71. [PMID: 26268243 PMCID: PMC4567842 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esv059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
XWAS is a new software suite for the analysis of the X chromosome in association studies and similar genetic studies. The X chromosome plays an important role in human disease and traits of many species, especially those with sexually dimorphic characteristics. Special attention needs to be given to its analysis due to the unique inheritance pattern, which leads to analytical complications that have resulted in the majority of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) either not considering X or mishandling it with toolsets that had been designed for non-sex chromosomes. We hence developed XWAS to fill the need for tools that are specially designed for analysis of X. Following extensive, stringent, and X-specific quality control, XWAS offers an array of statistical tests of association, including: 1) the standard test between a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) and disease risk, including after first stratifying individuals by sex, 2) a test for a differential effect of a SNP on disease between males and females, 3) motivated by X-inactivation, a test for higher variance of a trait in heterozygous females as compared with homozygous females, and 4) for all tests, a version that allows for combining evidence from all SNPs across a gene. We applied the toolset analysis pipeline to 16 GWAS datasets of immune-related disorders and 7 risk factors of coronary artery disease, and discovered several new X-linked genetic associations. XWAS will provide the tools and incentive for others to incorporate the X chromosome into GWAS and similar studies in any species with an XX/XY system, hence enabling discoveries of novel loci implicated in many diseases and in their sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Diana Chang
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Arjun Biddanda
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Li Ma
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Yingjie Guo
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Zilu Zhou
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo)
| | - Alon Keinan
- From the Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Gao, Chang, Biddanda, Ma, Guo, Zhou, and Keinan); Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (Chang and Keinan); Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740 (Ma); and School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China (Guo).
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20
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Wu XW, Ji HZ, Yang MF, Wu L, Wang FY. Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease in Asians: A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:4750-4756. [PMID: 25914487 PMCID: PMC4402325 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i15.4750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in an Asian population.
METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for observational studies published up until June 2014, without language restrictions. Additional references were obtained from reviewed articles.
RESULTS: Ten studies involving 1299 IBD patients and 1817 controls were included in the meta-analysis (24.9% of IBD patients had H. pylori infection vs 48.3% of the controls). The pooled risk ratio for H. pylori infection in IBD patients compared with controls was 0.48 (95%CI: 0.43-0.54; P < 0.001). There was no significant heterogeneity in the included studies (I2 = 21%). Egger’s linear regression indicated that there was no significant publication bias (P = 0.203).
CONCLUSION: The H. pylori infection rate in Asian IBD patients is significantly lower than in non-IBD patients, indicating that infection protects against the development of IBD.
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21
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Robinson K. Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Protection against Extra-Gastric Immune and Inflammatory Disorders: The Evidence and Controversies. Diseases 2015; 3:34-55. [PMID: 28943607 PMCID: PMC5548235 DOI: 10.3390/diseases3020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies link H. pylori infection with a reduced risk of developing extra-gastric conditions such as allergy, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease and multiple sclerosis. The strength of the evidence for these protective associations is quite variable, and published studies often do not agree. This review article discusses some of the reasons for these discrepancies, and the difficulties faced when designing studies. Examples of some protective disease associations are described in detail, where the evidence is most abundant and thought to be more reliable. The most convincing of these are supported by published mechanistic data, for example with animal models, or incidence of disease exacerbation in humans following H. pylori eradication. Although controversial, this field is very important as the prevalence of H. pylori is decreasing throughout the world whilst many chronic diseases are becoming more common. These trends are likely to continue in the future, therefore it is important that we fully understand if and how H. pylori confers protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Robinson
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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22
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Chang D, Gao F, Slavney A, Ma L, Waldman YY, Sams AJ, Billing-Ross P, Madar A, Spritz R, Keinan A. Accounting for eXentricities: analysis of the X chromosome in GWAS reveals X-linked genes implicated in autoimmune diseases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113684. [PMID: 25479423 PMCID: PMC4257614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many complex human diseases are highly sexually dimorphic, suggesting a potential contribution of the X chromosome to disease risk. However, the X chromosome has been neglected or incorrectly analyzed in most genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We present tailored analytical methods and software that facilitate X-wide association studies (XWAS), which we further applied to reanalyze data from 16 GWAS of different autoimmune and related diseases (AID). We associated several X-linked genes with disease risk, among which (1) ARHGEF6 is associated with Crohn's disease and replicated in a study of ulcerative colitis, another inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, ARHGEF6 interacts with a gastric bacterium that has been implicated in IBD. (2) CENPI is associated with three different AID, which is compelling in light of known associations with AID of autosomal genes encoding centromere proteins, as well as established autosomal evidence of pleiotropy between autoimmune diseases. (3) We replicated a previous association of FOXP3, a transcription factor that regulates T-cell development and function, with vitiligo; and (4) we discovered that C1GALT1C1 exhibits sex-specific effect on disease risk in both IBDs. These and other X-linked genes that we associated with AID tend to be highly expressed in tissues related to immune response, participate in major immune pathways, and display differential gene expression between males and females. Combined, the results demonstrate the importance of the X chromosome in autoimmunity, reveal the potential of extensive XWAS, even based on existing data, and provide the tools and incentive to properly include the X chromosome in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Chang
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea Slavney
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Graduate Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yedael Y. Waldman
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Aaron J. Sams
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Paul Billing-Ross
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Graduate Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Aviv Madar
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Alon Keinan
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Graduate Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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Abstract
Peptic ulcer bleeding and recurrence rate are strongly linked to Helicobacter pylori infection even if nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a relevant role in this setting. Further studies confirm that H. pylori eradication lowers the risk of recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding. Therefore, a test-and-treat strategy appears to be mandatory for patients with a history of ulcer bleeding and NSAIDs and/or aspirin use. Concerning gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), evidence clearly shows that H. pylori status has no effect on symptoms and treatment. Therefore, H. pylori treatment is not contraindicated in patients with GERD. The exact role of H. pylori in functional dyspepsia (FD) remains controversial. Novel possible mechanisms by which H. pylori may elicit dyspeptic symptoms include alterations of gastric motility, as well as endocrine and acid-secretory abnormalities. Hunger sensations, acid secretion, and gastrointestinal motility are regulated by ghrelin, particularly produced by the gastric enteroendocrine cell compartment. The improvement of symptoms correlates with enhanced plasma ghrelin levels. Apart from the need for more trials on this topic, these findings may give insight into the underlying pathophysiology of FD symptoms. Recent reports suggest that the presence of bacterial DNA in the oral cavity may be relevant to its transmission. A potential protective role of H. pylori on inflammatory bowel diseases needs to be better elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Ierardi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari - AOU Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 10, 70124, Bari, Italy
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Papamichael K, Konstantopoulos P, Mantzaris GJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease: Is there a link? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:6374-6385. [PMID: 24914359 PMCID: PMC4047323 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most widely spread infectious diseases in humans. It can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancies and has been associated with extra-gastric disorders. H. pylori elicit a chronic systemic inflammatory response which, under certain conditions, may trigger autoimmune reactions and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Although the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unknown, it is thought to result from complex interactions between environmental factors and microbiota in the gut of individuals who are genetically susceptible. Several bacterial and viral agents have been implicated in the aetiology of IBD. In theory, H. pylori infection could be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD by inducing alterations in gastric and/or intestinal permeability or by causing immunological derangements resulting in absorption of antigenic material and autoimmunity via various immunological pathways. Similar mechanisms may also be responsible for the co-existence of IBD with other autoimmune diseases and/or extra-intestinal manifestations. However, the epidemiological data fail to support this association. In fact, various studies indicate that the prevalence of H. pylori infection is low in patients with IBD, suggesting a protective role for this infection in the development of IBD. In this report, we aim to shed light on proposed mechanisms and confounding factors underlying the potential link between H. pylori infection and IBD.
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