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Suwardjo S, Permana KG, Aryandono T, Heriyanto DS, Anwar SL. Long-Noncoding-RNA HOTAIR Upregulation is Associated with Poor Breast Cancer Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1169-1182. [PMID: 38679975 PMCID: PMC11162707 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.4.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide with significant disproportionate mortality rates in developing countries. Although clinical management of breast cancer has been immensely improved, refinement in the prognostic and recurrent markers is still needed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) HOTAIR has recently been associated with poor outcome and is potentially used as a prognostic marker in breast cancer. METHODS We comprehensively reviewed studies evaluating lncRNA HOTAIR in association with overall and disease-free survivals in breast cancers. Systematic searches were performed in Pubmed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Nature, Sage Journals, and Wiley databases using combination keywords "long non-coding RNA," "lncRNA," "HOX transcript antisense RNA," "HOTAIR," "breast can-cer," "carcinoma mammae," "prognosis," and "survival." Risk of bias score was used to assess quality of studies, I2 test was conducted to assess heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed to compare HOTAIR expression with breast cancer survival rates using STATA v.17 software. RESULTS Of the total 1,504 screened studies, seven studies were included in the meta-analysis involving 533 patients. High expression of HOTAIR was associated with poor survival rates (pooled HR: 1.69; 95%CI: 1.11-2.59; p=0.015), shorter overall survival (OS) (pooled HR: 1.33; 95%CI: 0.78-2.26; p=0.455), poor disease-free survival (DFS) (pooled HR: 2.40; 95%CI: 1.63-3.53; p<0.001), poor distant metastatic-free survival (MFS) (HR: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.13-2.71; p=0.012). In addition, overexpression of HOTAIR was associated with positive lymph node infiltration (pooled OR: 2.38; 95%CI: 0.53-10.69; p=0.26) and ductal type cancer (pooled OR: 3.27; 95%CI: 1.15-9.30; p=0.03). CONCLUSION Upregulation of lncRNA HOTAIR is associated with worse DFS aand MFS that can potentially be used as a prognostic marker in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwardjo Suwardjo
- Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, Dr Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
| | - Kavi Gilang Permana
- Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, Dr Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
| | - Teguh Aryandono
- Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, Dr Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Dr Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
| | - Sumadi Lukman Anwar
- Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery, Dr Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
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2
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Qattan A. Genomic Alterations Affecting Competitive Endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and Regulatory Networks (ceRNETs) with Clinical Implications in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2624. [PMID: 38473871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of competitive endogenous RNA regulation has brought on a change in the way we think about transcriptional regulation by miRNA-mRNA interactions. Rather than the relatively simple idea of miRNAs negatively regulating mRNA transcripts, mRNAs and other non-coding RNAs can regulate miRNAs and, therefore, broad networks of gene products through competitive interactions. While this concept is not new, its significant roles in and implications on cancer have just recently come to light. The field is now ripe for the extrapolation of technologies with a substantial clinical impact on cancer. With the majority of the genome consisting of non-coding regions encoding regulatory RNAs, genomic alterations in cancer have considerable effects on these networks that have been previously unappreciated. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high mutational burden, genomic instability and heterogeneity, making this aggressive breast cancer subtype particularly relevant to these changes. In the past few years, much has been learned about the roles of competitive endogenous RNA network regulation in tumorigenesis, disease progression and drug response in triple-negative breast cancer. In this review, we present a comprehensive view of the new knowledge and future perspectives on competitive endogenous RNA networks affected by genomic alterations in triple-negative breast cancer. An overview of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis and its bearing on cellular function and disease is provided, followed by a thorough review of the literature surrounding key competitive endogenous RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer, the genomic alterations affecting them, key disease-relevant molecular and functional pathways regulated by them and the clinical implications and significance of their dysregulation. New knowledge of the roles of these regulatory mechanisms and the current acceleration of research in the field promises to generate insights into the diagnosis, classification and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer through the elucidation of new molecular mechanisms, therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Qattan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Nayak R, Mallick B. LncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network analysis uncovered key lncRNAs involved in temozolomide resistance and tumor recurrence of glioblastoma. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3060. [PMID: 37720935 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a common alkylating chemotherapeutic agent used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma. GBM patients develop resistance to this drug, which has an unclear and complicated molecular mechanism. The competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and tumor recurrence in cancers. This study aims to predict ceRNAs, their possible involvement, and underlying molecular mechanisms in TMZ resistance. Therefore, we analyzed coding and non-coding RNA expression levels in TMZ-resistant GBM samples compared to sensitive GBM samples and performed pathway analysis of mRNAs differentially expressed (DE) in TMZ-resistant samples. We next applied a mathematical model on 950 DE long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 116 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 7977 mRNAs and obtained 10 lncRNA-associated ceRNAs that may be regulating potential target genes involved in cancer-related pathways by sponging 25 miRNAs in TMZ-resistant GBM. Among these, two lncRNAs named ARFRP1 and RUSC2 regulate five target genes (IRS1, FOXG1, GNG2, RUNX2, and CACNA1E) involved in AMPK, AKT, mTOR, and TGF-β signaling pathways that activate or inhibit autophagy causing TMZ resistance. The novel lncRNA-associated ceRNA network predicted in GBM offers a fresh viewpoint on TMZ resistance, which might contribute to treating this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojalin Nayak
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Bibekanand Mallick
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Das PK, Siddika A, Rashel KM, Auwal A, Soha K, Rahman MA, Pillai S, Islam F. Roles of long noncoding RNA in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20365-20379. [PMID: 37795578 PMCID: PMC10652353 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating various hallmarks in cancers. Triple-negative (Estrogen receptor, ER; Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, HER2; Progesterone receptor, PR) breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancers with a poor prognosis and no available molecular targeted therapy. METHODS We reviewed the current literature on the roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis, therapy resistance, and prognosis of patients with TBNC. RESULTS LncRNAs are associated with TNBC pathogenesis, therapy resistance, and prognosis. For example, lncRNAs such as small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12), highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), lincRNA-regulator of reprogramming (LincRNA-ROR), etc., are aberrantly expressed in TNBC and are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. LncRNAs act as a decoy, scaffold, or sponge to regulate the expression of genes, miRNAs, and transcription factors associated with pathogenesis and progression of TNBC. Moreover, lncRNAs such as ferritin heavy chain 1 pseudogene 3 (FTH1P3), BMP/OP-responsive gene (BORG) contributes to the therapy resistance property of TNBC through activating ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1) drug efflux pumps by increasing DNA repair capacity or by inducing signaling pathway involved in therapeutic resistance. CONCLUSION In this review, we outline the functions of various lncRNAs along with their molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis, therapeutic resistance of TBNC. Also, the prognostic implications of lncRNAs in patients with TNBC is illustrated. Moreover, potential strategies targeting lncRNAs against highly aggressive TNBC is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon Kumar Das
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia
| | - Ayesha Siddika
- Institute of Tissue Banking & Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) SavarDhakaBangladesh
| | - Khan Mohammad Rashel
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Abdul Auwal
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Kazi Soha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Md. Arifur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of QueenslandSaint LuciaAustralia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia
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Palcau AC, Brandi R, Mehterov NH, Botti C, Blandino G, Pulito C. Exploiting Long Non-Coding RNAs and Circular RNAs as Pharmacological Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4181. [PMID: 37627209 PMCID: PMC10453179 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death among women worldwide. In particular, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype because it is characterized by the absence of molecular targets, thus making it an orphan type of malignancy. The discovery of new molecular druggable targets is mandatory to improve treatment success. In that context, non-coding RNAs represent an opportunity for modulation of cancer. They are RNA molecules with apparently no protein coding potential, which have been already demonstrated to play pivotal roles within cells, being involved in different processes, such as proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, migration, and diseases, including cancer. Accordingly, they could be used as targets for future TNBC personalized therapy. Moreover, the peculiar characteristics of non-coding RNAs make them reliable biomarkers to monitor cancer treatment, thus, to monitor recurrence or chemoresistance, which are the most challenging aspects in TNBC. In the present review, we focused on the oncogenic or oncosuppressor role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) mostly involved in TNBC, highlighting their mode of action and depicting their potential role as a biomarker and/or as targets of new non-coding RNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Catalina Palcau
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.C.P.); (R.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Renata Brandi
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.C.P.); (R.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Nikolay Hristov Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Claudio Botti
- Breast Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.C.P.); (R.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.C.P.); (R.B.); (G.B.)
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Qian L, Li L, Li Y, Li S, Zhang B, Zhu Y, Yang B. LncRNA HOTAIR as a ceRNA is related to breast cancer risk and prognosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023:10.1007/s10549-023-06982-4. [PMID: 37294527 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) is one of the biggest threats to women's health. LncRNA HOTAIR is related to the recurrence and metastasis of BC. Whether HOTAIR can serve as an effective biomarker to distinguish BC patients with different prognosis need to be further studied. METHODS The miRNA and mRNA expression profile data of BC patients were downloaded from TCGA database. Univariate Cox regression was used to screen differential expression genes (DEGs). The miRcode database and miRWalk database were used to predict miRNA binding to HOTAIR and binding sites of miRNAs, respectively. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis was used to estimate the overall survival rate of BC patients. Finally, qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to evaluate the expression level of HOTAIR and mRNAs between BC cells and normal mammary cells. RESULTS The patients with high HOTAIR expression had poor prognosis in BC. Totally 10 genes correlated with BC prognosis were identified from 170 DEGs, among which PAX7, IYD, ZIC2, MS4A1, TPRXL, CD24, LHX1 were positively correlated with HOTAIR, while CHAD, NPY1R, TPRG1 were opposite. The levels of IYD, ZIC2, CD24 mRNA and protein were increased in BC tissues and BC cells. In BC cells, the levels of IYD, ZIC2 and CD24 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in HOTAIR overexpressed group. HOTAIR had the strongest interaction with hsa-miR-129-5p, followed by hsa-miR-107. CONCLUSION HOTAIR regulated the expression of downstream genes by interacting with 8 miRNAs and ultimately affected the prognosis of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Qian
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300170, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Third Center Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Arriaga-Canon C, Contreras-Espinosa L, Aguilar-Villanueva S, Bargalló-Rocha E, García-Gordillo JA, Cabrera-Galeana P, Castro-Hernández C, Jiménez-Trejo F, Herrera LA. The Clinical Utility of lncRNAs and Their Application as Molecular Biomarkers in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087426. [PMID: 37108589 PMCID: PMC10138835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Given their tumor-specific and stage-specific gene expression, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated to be potential molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. Particularly, the lncRNAs DSCAM-AS1 and GATA3-AS1 serve as examples of this because of their high subtype-specific expression profile in luminal B-like breast cancer. This makes them candidates to use as molecular biomarkers in clinical practice. However, lncRNA studies in breast cancer are limited in sample size and are restricted to the determination of their biological function, which represents an obstacle for its inclusion as molecular biomarkers of clinical utility. Nevertheless, due to their expression specificity among diseases, such as cancer, and their stability in body fluids, lncRNAs are promising molecular biomarkers that could improve the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of molecular techniques used in clinical diagnosis. The development of lncRNA-based diagnostics and lncRNA-based therapeutics will be useful in routine medical practice to improve patient clinical management and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Arriaga-Canon
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Avenida San Fernando No. 22 Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura Contreras-Espinosa
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Avenida San Fernando No. 22 Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Sergio Aguilar-Villanueva
- Departamento de Tumores Mamarios, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - Enrique Bargalló-Rocha
- Departamento de Tumores Mamarios, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - José Antonio García-Gordillo
- Departamento de Oncología Médica de Mama, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - Paula Cabrera-Galeana
- Departamento de Oncología Médica de Mama, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - Clementina Castro-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Avenida San Fernando No. 22 Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | | | - L A Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Avenida San Fernando No. 22 Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey C.P. 64710, Mexico
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Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Bandaru SS, Varaprasad GL, Nagaraju GP, Malla RR, Huh YS, Han YK. HOTAIR: a potential metastatic, drug-resistant and prognostic regulator of breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:65. [PMID: 36997931 PMCID: PMC10061914 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is an oncogenic non-coding RNA whose expression is strongly correlated with the tumor grade and prognosis of a variety of carcinomas including breast cancer (BC). HOTAIR regulates various target genes via sponging and epigenetic mechanisms and controls various oncogenic cellular and signaling mechanisms including metastasis and drug resistance. In BC cells, HOTAIR expression is regulated by a variety of transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we describe the regulatory mechanisms that govern HOTAIR expression during cancer development and explore how HOTAIR drives BC development, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the final section of this review, we focus on the role of HOTAIR in BC management, therapeutic treatment, and prognosis, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ganji Lakshmi Varaprasad
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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Franco PIR, Neto JRDC, de Menezes LB, Machado JR, Miguel MP. Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer: A new look at long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154381. [PMID: 36857948 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. The increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its heterogeneity favors a better understanding of tumor biology and consequently the development of better diagnostic and treatment techniques. The advent of tumor genome sequencing techniques has highlighted more participants in the process, in addition to protein-coding genes. Thus, it is now known that long noncoding RNAs, previously described as transcriptional noise with no biological function, are intimately associated with tumor development. In breast cancer, they are abnormally expressed and closely associated with tumor progression, which makes them attractive diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic and specific therapeutic targets. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer is essential for the search for new treatment strategies. In this review, we summarize the major long noncoding RNAs and their association with the cancer characteristics of the ability to sustain proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, replicative immortality, activation of invasion and metastasis, induction of angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, reprogramming of energy metabolism, genomic instability and sustained mutations, promotion of tumor inflammation, and evasion of the immune system. In addition, we report and suggest how they can be used as prognostic biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Igor Ribeiro Franco
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Liliana Borges de Menezes
- Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Marina Pacheco Miguel
- Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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10
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Yu D, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Yang H, Peng C, Zhang F, Liao X, Zhu Y, Deng W, Li B, Zhang S. ncR2Met (lncR2metasta v2.0): An updated database for experimentally supported ncRNAs during cancer metastatic events. Genomics 2023; 115:110569. [PMID: 36736440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are widely involved in cancer metastatic events (CMEs, e.g., cancer cell invasion, intravasation, extravasation, proliferation), which collaboratively accelerate tumor spread and cause high patient mortality. In early 2020, we developed a manually curated database named 'lncR2metasta' to provide a comprehensive repository for long ncRNA (lncRNA) regulation during CMEs. We updated this database by supplementing other two important ncRNA types, microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), for their involvement during CMEs after a thorough manual curation from published studies. ncR2metasta documents 1565 lncRNA-associated, 882 miRNA-associated, and 628 circRNA-associated entries for ncRNA-CME associations during 50 CMEs across 63 human cancer subtypes. ncR2Met has a concise web interface for researchers to easily browse, search and download as well as to submit novel ncRNA-CME associations. We anticipated that it could be a valuable resource, which will significantly improve our understanding of ncRNA functions in metastasis. It is freely available at http://ncr2met.wchoda.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- De'en Yu
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yeman Zhou
- College of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Heng Yang
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chen Peng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinghua Liao
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wensheng Deng
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Bo Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Shihua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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11
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Maroni P, Gomarasca M, Lombardi G. Long non-coding RNAs in bone metastasis: progresses and perspectives as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156494. [PMID: 37143733 PMCID: PMC10153099 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In a precision medicine perspective, among the biomarkers potentially useful for early diagnosis of cancers, as well as to define their prognosis and eventually to identify novel and more effective therapeutic targets, there are the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The term lncRNA identifies a class of non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression that intervene at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic level. Metastasis is a natural evolution of some malignant tumours, frequently encountered in patients with advanced cancers. Onset and development of metastasis represents a detrimental event that worsen the patient's prognosis by profoundly influencing the quality of life and is responsible for the ominous progression of the disease. Due to the peculiar environment and the biomechanical properties, bone is a preferential site for the secondary growth of breast, prostate and lung cancers. Unfortunately, only palliative and pain therapies are currently available for patients with bone metastases, while no effective and definitive treatments are available. The understanding of pathophysiological basis of bone metastasis formation and progression, as well as the improvement in the clinical management of the patient, are central but challenging topics in basic research and clinical practice. The identification of new molecular species that may have a role as early hallmarks of the metastatic process could open the door to the definition of new, and more effective, therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Non-coding RNAs species and, particularly, lncRNAs are promising compounds in this setting, and their study may bring to the identification of relevant processes. In this review, we highlight the role of lncRNAs as emerging molecules in mediating the formation and development of bone metastases, as possible biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets to counteract cancer spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marta Gomarasca,
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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12
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Huang G, Cao H, Liu G, Chen J. Role of androgen receptor signaling pathway-related lncRNAs in the prognosis and immune infiltration of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20631. [PMID: 36450882 PMCID: PMC9712677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is strong association with breast cancer (BRCA). We aimed to investigate the effect of the androgen receptor signaling pathway-related long non-coding RNAs (ARSP-related lncRNAs) on the process of subtype classification and the tumor microenvironment (TME) of breast cancer (BRCA). Our study screen ARSP-related lncRNAs for the construction of a risk model. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method was used to detect the differences between the immune responses generated by the patients belonging to the low- and high-risk groups. The relationship between the ARSP-related lncRNAs and TME was explored following the process of cluster analysis. The univariate Cox analysis and the Lasso regression analysis method was used to screen nine of these lncRNAs to develop a risk model. It was observed that risk score could function as an independent prognostic factor, affecting the prognoses of patients suffering from BRCA. The validity of the model was assessed by analyzing the generated calibration curves and a nomogram. Additionally, the effect of the risk score on the extent of immune cell infiltration realized in TME was explored. M2 macrophages correlated positively, whereas NK cells, CD4+ T cells, and naive B cells correlated negatively with the risk score. Results obtained using the cluster analysis indicated that immune scores correlated with clustered subtypes. Finally, the risk score and cluster subtypes were analyzed to study the sensitivity of the patients toward different drugs to identify the appropriate therapeutic agents. The prognoses of patients suffering from BRCA can be accurately predicted by ARSP-related lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Huang
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.413432.30000 0004 1798 5993Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Hong Cao
- grid.413432.30000 0004 1798 5993Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Guowen Liu
- grid.452847.80000 0004 6068 028XDepartment of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035 Guangdong China
| | - Juan Chen
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
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13
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El-Helkan B, Emam M, Mohanad M, Fathy S, Zekri AR, Ahmed OS. Long non-coding RNAs as novel prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer in Egyptian women. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19498. [PMID: 36376369 PMCID: PMC9663553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), the most common type of malignant tumor, is the leading cause of death, having the highest incidence rate among women. The lack of early diagnostic tools is one of the clinical obstacles for BC treatment. The current study was designed to evaluate a panel of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) BC040587, HOTAIR, MALAT1, CCAT1, CCAT2, PVT1, UCA1, SPRY4-IT1, PANDAR, and AK058003-and two mRNAs (SNCG, BDNF) as novel prognostic biomarkers for BC. This study was ethically approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University. Our study included 75 women recently diagnosed with BC and 25 healthy women as normal controls. Patients were divided into three groups: 24 with benign breast diseases, 28 with metastatic breast cancer (MBC, stage IV), and 23 with non-metastatic breast cancer (NMBC, stage III). LncRNA and mRNA expression levels were measured in patient plasma using quantitative real-time PCR. We found that 10 lncRNAs (BCO40587, HOTAIR, PVT1, CCAT2, PANDAR, CCAT1, UCA1, SPRY4-IT1, AK058003, and MALAT1) and both mRNAs demonstrated at least a 2-fold change in expression with a more than 95% probability of significance. BCO40587 and SNCG were significantly up-regulated in MBC and NMBC patients (3.2- and 4-fold, respectively) compared with normal controls. The expression of UCA1 was repressed by 1.78-fold in MBC and NMBC patients compared with those with benign diseases. SPRY4-IT1 was down-regulated by 1.45-fold in MBC patients compared with NMBC and benign disease patients. Up-regulation of lncRNAs plays an important role in BC development. SNCG and BCO40587 may be potential prognostic markers for BC.The organization number is IORG0003381 (IRB No: IRB00004025).
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma El-Helkan
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Emam
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohanad
- grid.440875.a0000 0004 1765 2064College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October ,Giza, Egypt
| | - Shadia Fathy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Rahman Zekri
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola S. Ahmed
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Shi F, Chen X, Wang Y, Xie Y, Zhong J, Su K, Li M, Li Y, Lin Q, Zhou Y, Wang J, Xiong L. HOTAIR/miR-203/CAV1 Crosstalk Influences Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in the Breast Cancer Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911755. [PMID: 36233075 PMCID: PMC9569926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, malignant breast cancer metastasis has caused a great increase in mortality. Research on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of malignant breast cancer has continued to deepen, and targeted therapy has become the general trend. Among them, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-related molecules have received much attention. Homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) has been reported to function extensively as a ceRNA in breast cancer. Notably, miR-203 and Caveolin 1 (CAV1) have also been found to play a role in breast cancer. However, the relationship between the three remains unclear. In this study, we present a new mechanic through bioinformatics tool and basic experiments: the HOTAIR/miR-203/CAV1 axis, which complemented the role network of HOTAIR as a ceRNA, thus, it will provide a novel potential idea for breast cancer research and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiu Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Junpei Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kangtai Su
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Miao Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuqiu Li
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Youjia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Province University, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Province University, Xiamen 361023, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8636-0556
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15
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Hu K, Yu H, Liu S, Liao D, Zhang Y. Systematic pan-cancer analysis on the expression and role of regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene 12. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:946507. [PMID: 36148010 PMCID: PMC9486007 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.946507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulator of chromatin condensation 1 (RCC1) is the major guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RAN GTPase, which plays a key role in various biological processes such as cell cycle and DNA damage repair. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) and small nucleolar RNA host gene12 are long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and are located on chromatin very close to the sequence of Regulator of chromatin condensation 1. Many studies have shown that they are aberrantly expressed in tumor tissues and can affect the proliferation and viability of cancer cells. Although the effects of Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 on cellular activity have been reported, respectively, their overall analysis on the pan-cancer level has not been performed. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 in 33 cancers through the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Database. The results showed that Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 were highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. The expression of Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 in BRCA, LGG and LIHC was associated with TP53 mutations. In addition, Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 expression was closely associated with the prognosis of patients with multiple tumors. Immunocorrelation analysis indicated that Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 showed a correlation with multiple immune cell infiltration. The results of enrichment analysis suggested that Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 was involved in the regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis and other pathways. We found that these effects were mainly mediated by Regulator of chromatin condensation 1, while the trend of small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 regulation was also consistent with regulator of chromatin condensation 1. The important role played by Regulator of chromatin condensation 1 in tumor diseases was further corroborated by the study of adjacent lncRNAs.These findings provide new and comprehensive insights into the role of Regulator of chromatin condensation 1/small nucleolar RNA host gene 3/small nucleolar RNA host gene12 in tumor development and show their potential as clinical monitoring and therapy.
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16
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Vtorushin S, Dulesova A, Krakhmal N. Luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype of triple-negative breast cancer: molecular, morphological, and clinical features. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:617-624. [PMID: 35953756 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
According to the classification presented by Lehmann BD (2016), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with four specific subtypes: basal-like (subtype 1 and subtype 2), mesenchymal, and luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtypes. The basal-like subtypes of carcinomas predominate in this group, accounting for up to 80% of all cases. Despite the significantly lower proportions of mesenchymal and LAR variants in the group of breast carcinomas with a TNBC profile, such tumors are characterized by aggressive biological behavior. To this end, the LAR subtype is of particular interest, since the literature on such tumors presents different and even contradictory data concerning the disease course and prognosis. This review is devoted to the analysis of the relevant literature, reflecting the main results of studies on the molecular properties and clinical features of the disease course of LAR-type TNBC carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Vtorushin
- Department of Pathology, Siberian State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk 634050, Russia.,Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634009, Russia
| | - Anastasia Dulesova
- Department of Pathology, Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary Ministry of Health, Tatarstan Republic, Kazan 420029, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Krakhmal
- Department of Pathology, Siberian State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk 634050, Russia. .,Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634009, Russia.
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17
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Hu X, Zhang Q, Xing W, Wang W. Role of microRNA/lncRNA Intertwined With the Wnt/β-Catenin Axis in Regulating the Pathogenesis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:814971. [PMID: 35814205 PMCID: PMC9263262 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective (s): In this mini-review, we aimed to discuss the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway modulation in triple-negative breast cancer, particularly the contribution of lncRNAs and miRNAs in its regulation and their possible entwining role in breast cancer pathogenesis, proliferation, migration, or malignancy.Background: Malignant tumor formation is very high for breast cancer in women and is a leading cause of death all over the globe. Among breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer is rife in premenopausal women, most invasive, and prone to metastasis. Complex pathways are involved in this cancer’s pathogenesis, advancement, and malignancy, including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This pathway is conserved among vertebrates and is necessary for sustaining cell homeostasis. It is regulated by several elements such as transcription factors, enhancers, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs), etc.Methods: We evaluated lncRNAs and miRNAs differentially expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from the cDNA microarray data set literature survey. Using in silico analyses combined with a review of the current literature, we anticipated identifying lncRNAs and miRNAs that might modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Result: The miRNAs and lncRNAs specific to triple-negative breast cancer have been identified based on literature and database searches. Tumorigenesis, metastasis, and EMT were all given special attention. Apart from cross-talk being essential for TNBC tumorigenesis and treatment outcomes, our results indicated eight upregulated and seven downregulated miRNAs and 19 upregulated and three downregulated lncRNAs that can be used as predictive or diagnostic markers. This consolidated information could be useful in the clinic and provide a combined literature resource for TNBC researchers working on the Wnt/β-catenin miRNA/lncRNA axis.Conclusion: In conclusion, because the Wnt pathway and miRNAs/lncRNAs can modulate TNBC, their intertwinement results in a cascade of complex reactions that affect TNBC and related processes. Their function in TNBC pathogenesis has been highlighted in molecular processes underlying the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Wanying Xing
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wan Wang,
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18
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Paul U, Banerjee S. The functional significance and cross-talk of non-coding RNAs in triple negative and quadruple negative breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6899-6918. [PMID: 35235157 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
One of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide is breast cancer, among which triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant and lethal subtype. This cancer accounts for 10-20% of all breast cancer deaths. Proliferation, tumorigenesis, and prognosis of TNBC are affected when the androgen receptor (AR) is not expressed, and it is classified as quadruple negative breast cancer (QNBC). Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a significant role in tumorigenesis by virtue of their oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. To regulate tumorigenesis, miRNAs interact with their target mRNAs and modulate their expression, whereas lncRNAs can either act alone or interact with miRNAs or other molecules through various signaling pathways. Conversely, circRNAs regulate tumorigenesis by acting as miRNA sponges predominantly. Recently, non-coding RNAs were studied comprehensively for their roles in tumor proliferation, progression, and metastasis. As a result of existing studies and research progress, non-coding RNAs have been implicated in TNBC, necessitating their use as biomarkers for future diagnostic applications. In this review, the non-coding RNAs are explicitly implicated in the regulation of breast cancer, and their cross-talk between TNBC and QNBC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpalendu Paul
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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19
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Di Agostino S, Vahabi M, Turco C, Fontemaggi G. Secreted Non-Coding RNAs: Functional Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment and Clinical Relevance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8010005. [PMID: 35076579 PMCID: PMC8788502 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast carcinoma characterized by poor prognosis and high rate of metastasis. Current treatment is based on chemo- and/or radiotherapy and surgery. TNBC is devoid of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Although precision medicine has come a long way to ameliorate breast cancer disease management, targeted therapies for the treatment of TNBC patients are still limited. Mounting evidence has shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) drive many oncogenic processes at the basis of increased proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in TNBC, strongly contributing to tumor progression and resistance to treatments. Many of these ncRNAs are secreted in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and impinge on the activity of the diverse immune and stromal cell types infiltrating the TME. Importantly, secreted ncRNAs may be detected as circulating molecules in serum/plasma from cancer patients and are emerging a promising diagnostic/therapeutic tools in TNBC. This review aims to discuss novel insights about the role of secreted circulating ncRNAs in the intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment and their potential clinical use as diagnostic and prognostic non-invasive biomarkers in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.A.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-06-5266-2878 (G.F.)
| | - Mahrou Vahabi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.T.)
| | - Chiara Turco
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.T.)
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.A.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-06-5266-2878 (G.F.)
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20
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Selem NA, Youness RA, Gad MZ. What is beyond LncRNAs in breast cancer: A special focus on colon cancer-associated Transcript-1 (CCAT-1). Noncoding RNA Res 2021; 6:174-186. [PMID: 34938928 PMCID: PMC8666458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play a vital role in the process of malignant transformation. In breast cancer (BC), lncRNAs field is currently under intensive investigations. Yet, the role of lncRNAs as promising diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic target/tool among BC patients still needs a special focus from the biomedical scientists. In BC, triple negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) are the unlucky group as they are always represented with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rates. For that reason, a special focus on TNBC and associated lncRNAs was addressed in this review. Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is a newly discovered oncogenic lncRNA that has been emerged as a vital biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic interventions in multiple malignancies and showed differential expression among TNBC patients. In this review, the authors shed the light onto the general role of lncRNAs in BC and the specific functional activities, molecular mechanisms, competing endogenous ncRNA role of CCAT-1 in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Selem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11586, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Zhang J, Liu D, Deng G, Wang Q, Li L, Zhang J, Wu H. lncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 18 upregulates activating transcription factor 7 to prevent metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via sponging miR-103a-3p. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12070-12086. [PMID: 34787047 PMCID: PMC8809992 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2003928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) prostate cancer-associated transcript 18 (PCAT18) is a potential diagnostic target for adenocarcinoma. However, its role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains largely unknown. Based on data from an online database, a significant decline in lncRNA PCAT18 was observed in patients with TNBC subtype compared to a population with normal breast tissue. Patients with TNBC with high PCAT18 levels presented good outcomes. Patients with TNBC with high PCAT18 had a lower rate of lymph node-positive metastasis than those with low PCAT18. PCAT18-upregulation inhibited, while PCAT18-downregulation promoted, migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinases 9/2 (MMP9/MMP2) and uridylyl phosphate adenosine (uPA) in TNBC cells. Activating transcription factor 7 (ATF7) was positively associated with PCAT18, and ATF7-inhibition abrogated the anti-migration effects of PCAT18 on TNBC cells. Mechanistically, miR-103a-3p directly targeted and inhibited ATF7 expression. PCAT18 competitively sponges miR-103a-3p, promoting the expression of ATF7. Exogenous PCAT18 was associated with lower incidence of lung metastasis followed by the upregulation of ATF7, which was prevented by the treatment of miR-103a-3p mimics. Collectively, PCAT18 was expressed at low levels in TNBC, and PCAT18 could sponge miR-103a-3p and promote ATF7 expression, resulting in prevention of TNBC metastasis. Thus, PCAT18 can serve as a predictive factor for patients with metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
| | - Donghua Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
| | - Guoming Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
| | - Qiuming Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
| | | | - Heming Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, P. R. China
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22
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Rahman MM, Hossain MT, Reza MS, Peng Y, Feng S, Wei Y. Identification of Potential Long Non-Coding RNA Candidates that Contribute to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Humans through Computational Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12359. [PMID: 34830241 PMCID: PMC8619140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy identified in adult females, resulting in enormous financial losses worldwide. Owing to the heterogeneity as well as various molecular subtypes, the molecular pathways underlying carcinogenesis in various forms of BC are distinct. Therefore, the advancement of alternative therapy is required to combat the ailment. Recent analyses propose that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform an essential function in controlling immune response, and therefore, may provide essential information about the disorder. However, their function in patients with triple-negative BC (TNBC) has not been explored in detail. Here, we analyzed the changes in the genomic expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) and lncRNA in standard control in response to cancer metastasis using publicly available single-cell RNA-Seq data. We identified a total of 197 potentially novel lncRNAs in TNBC patients of which 86 were differentially upregulated and 111 were differentially downregulated. In addition, among the 909 candidate lncRNA transcripts, 19 were significantly differentially expressed (DE) of which three were upregulated and 16 were downregulated. On the other hand, 1901 mRNA transcripts were significantly DE of which 1110 were upregulated and 791 were downregulated by TNBCs subtypes. The Gene Ontology (GO) analyses showed that some of the host genes were enriched in various biological, molecular, and cellular functions. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that some of the genes were involved in only one pathway of prostate cancer. The lncRNA-miRNA-gene network analysis showed that the lncRNAs TCONS_00076394 and TCONS_00051377 interacted with breast cancer-related micro RNAs (miRNAs) and the host genes of these lncRNAs were also functionally related to breast cancer. Thus, this study provides novel lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for the therapeutic intervention of this cancer subtype.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Computational Biology/methods
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Ontology
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Mammary Glands, Human/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Human/pathology
- MicroRNAs/classification
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Annotation
- RNA, Long Noncoding/classification
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/classification
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/classification
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Motiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Vestal, New York, NY 13902, USA
| | - Md. Tofazzal Hossain
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China; (T.H.); (S.R.)
- Joint Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Department of Statistics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahaman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Selim Reza
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China; (T.H.); (S.R.)
- Joint Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Yin Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Shengzhong Feng
- Joint Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Yanjie Wei
- Joint Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
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23
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Liguori G, Cerrone M, De Chiara A, Tafuto S, de Bellis MT, Botti G, Di Bonito M, Cantile M. The Role of lncRNAs in Rare Tumors with a Focus on HOX Transcript Antisense RNA ( HOTAIR). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810160. [PMID: 34576322 PMCID: PMC8466298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers are identified as those with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 per 100,000 persons and includes both epithelial and stromal tumors from different anatomical areas. The advancement of analytical methods has produced an accurate molecular characterization of most human cancers, suggesting a “molecular classification” that has allowed the establishment of increasingly personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the limited availability of rare cancer samples has resulted in very few therapeutic options for these tumors, often leading to poor prognosis. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs mostly involved in tumor progression and drug response. In particular, the lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) represents an emergent diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker in many human cancers. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of HOTAIR in rare cancers, proposing it as a new biomarker usable in the management of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Liguori
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Annarosaria De Chiara
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Salvatore Tafuto
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maura Tracey de Bellis
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08159031755; Fax: +39-0815903718
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24
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Zhou Y, Yue Y, Fan S, Jia Q, Ding X. Advances in Pathophysiology of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Potential of lncRNAs for Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognostic Monitoring. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:1093-1102. [PMID: 34245439 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in several gene expression regulation processes, including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, and translation regulation. It also plays a crucial role in the regulation of several characteristics of cancer biology, and the dysregulation of lncRNA expression in cancer may be part of the cause of cancer progression. Meanwhile, more and more studies are trying to determine the association between lncRNA expression and TNBC, as well as the functional role and molecular mechanism of the abnormally expressed lncRNA. Therefore, this review lists some abnormal lncRNAs in TNBC, further analyzes their molecular mechanisms and biological roles in the development of TNBC, and summarizes the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of TNBC, so as to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis monitoring of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangkun Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yang Yue
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Siyu Fan
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qiaojun Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xianfeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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25
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Martinez-Useros J, Martin-Galan M, Florez-Cespedes M, Garcia-Foncillas J. Epigenetics of Most Aggressive Solid Tumors: Pathways, Targets and Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3209. [PMID: 34198989 PMCID: PMC8267921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly aggressive tumors are characterized by a highly invasive phenotype, and they display chemoresistance. Furthermore, some of the tumors lack expression of biomarkers for target therapies. This is the case of small-cell lung cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, metastatic melanoma, and advanced ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, these patients show a low survival rate and most of the available drugs are ineffective. In this context, epigenetic modifications have emerged to provide the causes and potential treatments for such types of tumors. Methylation and hydroxymethylation of DNA, and histone modifications, are the most common targets of epigenetic therapy, to influence gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. These modifications could impact both oncogenes and tumor suppressor factors, which influence several molecular pathways such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, WNT/β-catenin, PI3K-mTOR, MAPK, or mismatch repair machinery. However, epigenetic changes are inducible and reversible events that could be influenced by some environmental conditions, such as UV exposure, smoking habit, or diet. Changes in DNA methylation status and/or histone modification, such as acetylation, methylation or phosphorylation, among others, are the most important targets for epigenetic cancer therapy. Therefore, the present review aims to compile the basic information of epigenetic modifications, pathways and factors, and provide a rationale for the research and treatment of highly aggressive tumors with epigenetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martinez-Useros
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mario Martin-Galan
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Jesus Garcia-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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26
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Thakur KK, Kumar A, Banik K, Verma E, Khatoon E, Harsha C, Sethi G, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Long noncoding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer: A new frontier in the regulation of tumorigenesis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7938-7965. [PMID: 34105151 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has emerged as the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and is usually associated with increased mortality worldwide. The severity of TNBC is primarily observed in younger women, with cases ranging from approximately 12%-24% of all breast cancer cases. The existing hormonal therapies offer limited clinical solutions in completely circumventing the TNBC, with chemoresistance and tumor recurrences being the common hurdles in the path of TNBC treatment. Accumulating evidence has correlated the dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with increased cell proliferation, invasion, migration, tumor growth, chemoresistance, and decreased apoptosis in TNBC. Various clinical studies have revealed that aberrant expression of lncRNAs in TNBC tissues is associated with poor prognosis, lower overall survival, and disease-free survival. Due to these specific characteristics, lncRNAs have emerged as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC treatment. However, the underlying mechanism through which lncRNAs perform their actions remains unclear, and extensive research is being carried out to reveal it. Therefore, understanding of mechanisms regulating the modulation of lncRNAs will be a substantial breakthrough in effective treatment therapies for TNBC. This review highlights the association of several lncRNAs in TNBC progression and treatment, along with their possible functions and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan K Thakur
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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27
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Shi Y, Huang Q, Kong X, Zhao R, Chen X, Zhai Y, Xiong L. Current Knowledge of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Progression and Its Application. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060483. [PMID: 34073224 PMCID: PMC8230351 DOI: 10.3390/life11060483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most devastating cancers with high morbidity and mortality in females worldwide. Breast tumorigenesis and further development present great uncertainty and complexity, and efficient therapeutic approaches still lack. Accumulating evidence indicates HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is dysregulated in cancers and has emerged as a novel hotspot in the field. In breast cancer, aberrant HOTAIR expression is responsible for advanced tumor progression by regulating multifarious signaling pathways. Besides, HOTAIR may act as competitive endogenous RNA to bind to several microRNAs and suppress their expressions, which can subsequently upregulate the levels of targeted downstream messenger RNAs, thereby leading to further cancer progression. In addition, HOTAIR works as a promising biomarker and predictor for breast cancer patients’ diagnosis or outcome prediction. Recently, HOTAIR is potentially considered to be a drug target. Here, we have summarized the induction of HOTAIR in breast cancer and its impacts on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and therapeutic resistance, as well as elucidating the underlying mechanisms. This review aims to provide new insights into investigations between HOTAIR and breast cancer development and inspire new methods for studying the association in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qingyun Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Kong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ruichen Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Y.S.); (Q.H.); (X.K.); (R.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8636-0556
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28
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Vtorushin SV, Krakhmal NV, Zavyalova MV. [Triple-negative breast cancer. Modern molecular genetic concepts and their clinical significance]. Arkh Patol 2021; 83:46-51. [PMID: 33822554 DOI: 10.17116/patol20218302146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous group of carcinomas that substantially differ in clinical, morphological, and molecular genetic characteristics, tumor response to chemotherapy, and prognosis. These features define triple negative BC today as a special clinical problem that has not yet been completely solved. The review is devoted to the description and systematization of the currently available literature data concerning molecular and genetic features and differences in a fairly significant group of breast carcinomas with a severe, aggressive course and an extremely poor prognosis. The review presents the existing molecular genetic classification of triple negative BC based on the results of studies conducted by M.D. Burstein (2015) and B.D. Lehmann (2016), which determines the presence of 4 tumor-specific subtypes: basal-like type (type 1 and type 2), mesenchymal, and luminal androgen receptor types. The paper reflects the main stages of transformation of the proposed classification over the past decade and an attempt has been make to describe the molecular characteristics of each subtype of these carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Vtorushin
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - N V Krakhmal
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M V Zavyalova
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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29
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Brumec M, Sobočan M, Takač I, Arko D. Clinical Implications of Androgen-Positive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1642. [PMID: 33915941 PMCID: PMC8037213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent findings of a vast array of studies conducted on androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer (AR-positive TNBC) to provide a better understanding of this specific breast cancer subgroup. AR expression is correlated with higher age, lower histological grade, lower proliferation index Ki-67, spiculated masses, and calcifications on mammography. Studies investigating the correlation between AR expression and lymph node metastasis are highly discordant. In addition, results regarding prognosis are highly contradictory. AR antagonists are a promising novel therapeutic approach in AR-positive TNBC. However, AR signaling pathways should be more investigated in order to understand the influence of AR expression on TNBC more thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Brumec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (D.A.)
| | - Monika Sobočan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (D.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Divison of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Takač
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (D.A.)
- Divison of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Darja Arko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (D.A.)
- Divison of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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30
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Zolota V, Tzelepi V, Piperigkou Z, Kourea H, Papakonstantinou E, Argentou MI, Karamanos NK. Epigenetic Alterations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-The Critical Role of Extracellular Matrix. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040713. [PMID: 33572395 PMCID: PMC7916242 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subgroup of breast cancer characterized by genomic complexity and therapeutic options limited to only standard chemotherapy. Although it has been suggested that stratifying TNBC patients by pathway-specific molecular alterations may predict benefit from specific therapeutic agents, application in routine clinical practice has not yet been established. There is a growing body of the literature supporting that epigenetic modifications comprised by DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs play a fundamental role in TNBC pathogenesis. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic 3D network of macromolecules with structural and cellular regulatory roles. Alterations in the expression of ECM components result in uncontrolled matrix remodeling, thus affecting its ability to regulate vital functions of cancer cells, including proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recent molecular data highlight the major role of tumor microenvironment and ECM alterations in TNBC and approaches for targeting tumor microenvironment have recently been recognized as potential therapeutic strategies. Notably, many of the ECM/EMT modifications in cancer are largely driven by epigenetic events, highlighting the pleiotropic effects of the epigenetic network in TNBC. This article presents and critically discusses the current knowledge on the epigenetic alterations correlated with TNBC pathogenesis, with emphasis on those associated with ECM/EMT modifications, their prognostic and predictive value and their use as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (V.T.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-0693613366
| | - Vasiliki Tzelepi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (V.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece; (Z.P.); (N.K.K.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Helen Kourea
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (V.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Efthymia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece;
| | - Maria-Ioanna Argentou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece;
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece; (Z.P.); (N.K.K.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26110 Patras, Greece
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31
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Kumar S, Prajapati KS, Singh AK, Kushwaha PP, Shuaib M, Gupta S. Long non-coding RNA regulating androgen receptor signaling in breast and prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 504:15-22. [PMID: 33556545 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human genome transcribe an array of RNAs that do not encode proteins and may act as mediators in the regulation of gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs consisting of more than 200 nucleotides of RNA transcripts that play important role in tumor development. Numerous lncRNAs have been characterized as functional transcripts associated with several biological processes and pathologic stages. Although the biological function and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs remains to be explored, recent studies demonstrate aberrant expression of several lncRNAs linked with various human cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNA expression patterns and mechanisms that contribute to carcinogenesis. In particular, we focus on lncRNAs regulating androgen receptor signaling pathways in prostate and breast cancer subtype having prognostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Cantile M, Di Bonito M, Tracey De Bellis M, Botti G. Functional Interaction among lncRNA HOTAIR and MicroRNAs in Cancer and Other Human Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030570. [PMID: 33540611 PMCID: PMC7867281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review aimed to describe the contribution of functional interaction between the lncRNA HOTAIR and microRNAs in human diseases, including cancer. HOTAIR/miRNAs complexes interfere with different cellular processes during carcinogenesis, mainly deregulating a series of oncogenic signaling pathways. A great number of ncRNAs-related databases have been established, supported by bioinformatics technologies, to identify the ncRNA-mediated sponge regulatory network. These approaches need experimental validation through cells and animal models studies. The optimization of systems to interfere with HOTAIR/miRNAs interplay could represent a new tool for the definition of diagnostic therapeutics in cancer patients. Abstract LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs mostly involved in regulation of cancer initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance, through participation in post-transcription regulatory processes by interacting with different miRNAs. LncRNAs are able to compete with endogenous RNAs by binding and sequestering miRNAs and thereby regulating the expression of their target genes, often represented by oncogenes. The lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) represents a diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker in many human cancers, and its functional interaction with miRNAs has been described as crucial in the modulation of different cellular processes during cancer development. The aim of this review is to highlight the relation between lncRNA HOTAIR and different microRNAs in human diseases, discussing the contribution of these functional interactions, especially in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-590-3471; Fax: +39-081-590-3718
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maura Tracey De Bellis
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.D.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.D.B.); (G.B.)
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Dan Z, Xiujing H, Ting L, Xiaorong Z, Hong Z, Jiqiao Y, Yanchu L, Jing J. Long Non-coding RNA BTG3-7:1 and JUND Co-regulate C21ORF91 to Promote Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progress. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:605623. [PMID: 33585557 PMCID: PMC7879452 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.605623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of highly invasive breast cancer with poor prognosis. Recently, massive data reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer progress. Recently, although the role of lncRNAs in breast cancer has been well documented, few focused on TNBC. In this study, we aimed to systematically identify functional lncRNAs and to explore its molecular mechanism on TNBC progress. METHODS The recurrence of lncRNAs and their target genes were validated with TNBC biopsies and cell lines. Total one hundred and thirteen TNBC biopsies, including nineteen patient-matched samples, were collected. The profile of TNBC-related lncRNAs and their target genes were characterized by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatic analysis. Tumor specific lncRNAs, which also showed biological function correlated with TNBC, were identified as potential candidates; and the target genes, which regulated by the identified lncRNAs, were predicted by the analysis of expression correlation and chromosome colocalization. Cross bioinformatic validation was performed with TNBC independent datasets from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). The biological functions and molecular mechanism were investigated in TNBC model cell lines by cell colony forming assay, flow cytometry assay, western-blot, RNA Fluorescence in situ Hybridization assay (RNA FISH) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR). RESULTS Abundant Lnc-BTG3-7:1, which targets gene C21ORF91, was specifically observed in TNBC biopsies and cell lines. Knockdown of Lnc-BTG3-7:1 or C21ORF91 strongly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle G1-arrested. Meanwhile, investigation of molecular mechanism indicated that Lnc-BTG3-7:1, cooperated with transcription factor JUND, cis-regulated the transcription of C21ORF91 gene, and down-regulation of Lnc-BTG3-7:1/C21ORF91 suppressed GRB2-RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK and GRB2-PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin pathways. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified a TNBC specific lncRNA Lnc-BTG3-7:1, which sustained tumor progress. Up-regulation of Lnc-BTG3-7:1 promoted the transcription of oncogene C21ORF91 and activated PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin and MAPK pathways. Taken together, our results not only identified a biomarker for diagnosis but also provided a potential therapeutic target against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Dan
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Xiujing
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luo Ting
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Xiaorong
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Hong
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Jiqiao
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yanchu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Volovat SR, Volovat C, Hordila I, Hordila DA, Mirestean CC, Miron OT, Lungulescu C, Scripcariu DV, Stolniceanu CR, Konsoulova-Kirova AA, Grigorescu C, Stefanescu C, Volovat CC, Augustin I. MiRNA and LncRNA as Potential Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:526850. [PMID: 33330019 PMCID: PMC7716774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.526850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) include a diverse range of RNA species, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). MiRNAs, ncRNAs of approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length, are involved in gene expression regulation either via degradation or silencing of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and have roles in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. LncRNAs, which are longer than 200 nucleotides, comprise one of the largest and most heterogeneous RNA families. LncRNAs can activate or repress gene expression through various mechanisms, acting alone or in combination with miRNAs and other molecules as part of various pathways. Until recently, most research has focused on individual lncRNA and miRNA functions as regulators, and there is limited available data on ncRNA interactions relating to the tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy of cancer, acting either on mRNA alone or as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents approximately 10%-20% of all breast cancers (BCs) and is highly heterogenous and more aggressive than other types of BC, for which current targeted treatment options include hormonotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapy; however, no targeted therapies for TNBC are available, partly because of a lack of predictive biomarkers. With advances in proteomics, new evidence has emerged demonstrating the implications of dysregulation of ncRNAs in TNBC etiology. Here, we review the roles of lncRNAs and miRNAs implicated in TNBC, including their interactions and regulatory networks. Our synthesis provides insight into the mechanisms involved in TNBC progression and has potential to aid the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania.,Center of Oncology Euroclinic, Iași, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristian Lungulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
| | | | - Cristina Grigorescu
- Department of Surgery, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
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Li H, Cui Z, Lv X, Li J, Gao M, Yang Z, Bi Y, Zhang Z, Wang S, Li S, Zhou B, Yin Z. Long Non-coding RNA HOTAIR Function as a Competing Endogenous RNA for miR-149-5p to Promote the Cell Growth, Migration, and Invasion in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:528520. [PMID: 33102210 PMCID: PMC7545358 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.528520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death all around the world. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to be involved in carcinogenesis of malignancies. However, the molecular mechanism of most lncRNAs in various kinds of cancers remains unclear. LncRNA HOTAIR and HNRNPA1 are reported to play an oncogenic role in non-small cell lung cancer, and the overexpression of HNRNPA1 is shown to promote the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells. In our study, we find that the overexpression of HOTAIR could promote the proliferation and overexpression of miR-149-5p could inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis determines that overexpression of miR-149-5p induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phases, whereas overexpression of HOTAIR decreases the proportion of G0/G1phase cells. Also, overexpression of HOTAIR promotes the migration and invasion ability of lung cancer cells, confirmed by the wound-healing and transwell assays, which are suppressed by overexpression of miR-149-5p. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay indicates that miR-149-5p could bind both HOTAIR and the 3′UTR of HNRNPA1. In summary, we find that HOTAIR can regulate HNRNPA1 expression through a ceRNA mechanism by sequester miR-149-5p, which post-transcriptionally targets HNRNPA1, thus promoting lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoting Lv
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Zitai Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhong Bi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Sixuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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The roles of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:749. [PMID: 32929060 PMCID: PMC7490374 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most significant threat to female health. Breast cancer metastasis is the major cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. To fully unravel the molecular mechanisms that underlie the breast cancer cell metastasis is critical for developing strategies to improve survival and prognosis in breast cancer patients. Recent studies have revealed that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in breast cancer metastasis through a variety of molecule mechanisms, though the precise functional details of these lncRNAs are yet to be clarified. In the present review, we focus on the functions of lncRNAs in breast cancer invasion and metastasis, with particular emphasis on the functional properties, the regulatory factors, the therapeutic promise, as well as the future challenges in studying these lncRNA.
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Zhang S, Ma F, Xie X, Shen Y. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNAs in triple negative breast cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21861. [PMID: 32925722 PMCID: PMC7489686 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and lethal subtype of breast cancer. Accumulating evidence showed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in TNBC and could be valuable prognostic tools for TNBC patients. This study aims to research the prognostic value of lncRNAs in TNBC, using the meta-analysis method. METHODS We performed a detailed literature search on Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on the prognostic value of lncRNAs in TNBC. The meta-analysis method was used to determine the relationship between lncRNAs expression and survival of TNBC patients. RESULTS A total of 2803 TNBC patients and 24 lncRNAs from 27 different articles were included in the present study. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNAs in a group that is upregulated in TBNC showed a significant association with poor overall survival (HR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.45-2.27, I = 41.9%) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.85, 95%CI = 1.37-2.33, I = 0%). Conversely, overexpression of lncRNAs in a downregulation group was markedly related to good overall survival (HR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.43-0.77, I = 28.6%). Moreover, expression of lncRNA SNHG12, MALAT1, HOTAIR, HIF1A-AS2, HULC, LINC00096, ZEB2-AS1, LUCAT1, and LINC000173 showed a marked correlation with positive lymph node metastasis (LNM), while lncRNA MIR503HG, GAS5, TCONS_l2_00002973 showed the opposite effect. High expression level of MALAT1, HIF1A-AS2, HULC, LINC00096, ADPGK-AS1, ZEB2-AS1, LUCAT1 were positively correlated with distant metastasis (DM), while lncRNA MIR503HG showed the opposite effect. In addition, the mechanisms of lncRNAs in TNBC were summarized. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated that abnormally expressed lncRNA were significantly associated with the survival of TNBC patients and may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TNBC prognosis.
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Peng L, Jiang J, Tang B, Nice EC, Zhang YY, Xie N. Managing therapeutic resistance in breast cancer: from the lncRNAs perspective. Theranostics 2020; 10:10360-10377. [PMID: 32929354 PMCID: PMC7482807 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In spite of significant advances in clinical management, the mortality of BC continues to increase due to the frequent occurrence of treatment resistance. Intensive studies have been conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying BC therapeutic resistance, including increased drug efflux, altered drug targets, activated bypass signaling pathways, maintenance of cancer stemness, and deregulated immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are intimately involved in BC therapy resistance through multiple modes of action. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the implication of lncRNAs in resistance to clinical therapies may improve the clinical outcome of BC patients. Here, we highlight the role and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating BC treatment resistance with an emphasis on lncRNAs-mediated resistance in different clinical scenarios, and discuss the potential of lncRNAs as novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets to improve BC therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
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Zhang S, Wang B, Xiao H, Dong J, Li Y, Zhu C, Jin Y, Li H, Cui M, Fan S. LncRNA HOTAIR enhances breast cancer radioresistance through facilitating HSPA1A expression via sequestering miR-449b-5p. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1801-1816. [PMID: 32374522 PMCID: PMC7327697 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BRCA) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Pre- and postoperative radiotherapy play a pivotal role in BRCA treatment but its efficacy remains limited and plagued by the emergence of radiation resistance, which aggravates patient prognosis. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-implicated mechanisms underlying radiation resistance are rarely reported. The aim of this study was to determine whether lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) modulated the radiosensitivity of breast cancer through HSPA1A. METHODS A Gammacell 40 Exactor was used for irradiation treatment. Bioinformatic tools and luciferase reporter assay were adopted to explore gene expression profile and demonstrate the interactions between lncRNA, miRNA and target mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). The expression levels of certain genes were determined by real-time PCR and western-blot analyses. in vitro and in vivo functional assays were conducted by cell viability and tumorigenicity assays. RESULTS The levels of oncogenic lncRNA HOTAIR were positively correlated with the malignancy of BRCA but reversely correlated with the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells. Moreover, the expression levels of HOTAIR were positively associated with those of heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A (HSPA1A) in clinical BRCA tissues and HOTAIR upregulated HSPA1A at the mRNA and protein levels in irradiated BRCA cells. Mechanistically, miR-449b-5p restrained HSPA1A expression through targeting the 3'-UTR of HSPA1A mRNA, whereas HOTAIR acted as a competing sponge to sequester miR-449b-5p and thereby relieved the miR-449b-5p-mediated HSPA1A repression. Functionally, HOTAIR conferred decreased radiosensitivity on BRCA cells, while miR-449b-5p overexpression or HSPA1A knockdown abrogated the HOTAIR-enhanced BRCA growth under the irradiation exposure both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA HOTAIR facilitates the expression of HSPA1A by sequestering miR-449b-5p post-transcriptionally and thereby endows BRCA with radiation resistance. KEY POINTS Therapeutically, HOTAIR and HSPA1A may be employed as potential targets for BRCA radiotherapy. Our findings shed new light into the mechanism by which lncRNAs modulate the radiosensitivity of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Huiwen Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Jiali Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Yuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Changchun Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Yuxiao Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Hang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Ming Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
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Cantile M, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Collina F, De Laurentiis M, Botti G. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051197. [PMID: 32397382 PMCID: PMC7281113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type among women, and morbidity and mortality rates are still very high. Despite new innovative therapeutic approaches for all BC molecular subtypes, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers involved in tumor progression has been fundamental for the implementation of personalized treatment strategies and improvement of patient management. Many experimental studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly involved in BC initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance. In particular, aberrant expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) lncRNA plays an important role in BC contributing to its progression and represents a predictor of BC metastasis. For its proven prognostic value, HOTAIR could represent a potential therapeutic target in BC. In the present review, we summarize the role of HOTAIR in cancer progression and drug resistance, in particular in BC, and we illustrate the main approaches for silencing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815903471; Fax: +39-0815903718
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Rajagopal T, Talluri S, Akshaya R, Dunna NR. HOTAIR LncRNA: A novel oncogenic propellant in human cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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He Z, Yang D, Fan X, Zhang M, Li Y, Gu X, Yang M. The Roles and Mechanisms of lncRNAs in Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041482. [PMID: 32098245 PMCID: PMC7073061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have revealed that circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene and protein expression in the process of hepatic fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound healing response followed by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. In the development of liver fibrosis, some lncRNAs regulate diverse cellular processes by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and binding proteins. Previous investigations demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNAs such as H19, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), Gm5091, NR_002155.1, and HIF 1alpha-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) can inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, the upregulation of several lncRNAs [e.g., nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), hox transcript antisense RNA (Hotair), and liver-enriched fibrosis-associated lncRNA1 (lnc-LFAR1)] has been reported to promote liver fibrosis. This review will focus on the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs, the lncRNA transcriptome profile of liver fibrosis, and the main lncRNAs involved in the signalling pathways that regulate hepatic fibrosis. This review provides insight into the screening of therapeutic and diagnostic markers of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (M.Y.); Tel.: +86-159-2848 7973 (M.Y.)
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Mingyao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (M.Y.); Tel.: +86-159-2848 7973 (M.Y.)
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Han C, Fu Y, Zeng N, Yin J, Li Q. LncRNA FAM83H-AS1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression by regulating the miR-136-5p/metadherin axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3594-3616. [PMID: 32074085 PMCID: PMC7066879 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the function and regulation of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) FAM83H-AS1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our data show that the FAM83H-AS1 levels are increased in human TNBC cells and tissues. Proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells are decreased by FAM83H-AS1 suppression, but increased by FAM83H-AS1 overexpression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-136-5p is a potential target of FAM83H-AS1. MiR-136-5p expression is decreased in TNBC tissues, and its overexpression suppresses TNBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-136-5p suppression reverses the FAM83H-AS1 silencing-mediated inhibition of TNBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, suggesting that FAM83H-AS1 exerts its oncogenic effect by inhibiting miR-136-5p. Our data identify metadherin (MTDH) as the target gene of miR-136-5p, and demonstrate that the MTDH expression is increased in human TNBC tissues, which induces proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells. Importantly, our in vivo data show that FAM83H-AS1 also promotes tumor growth in TNBC mouse xenografts. Together, our results demonstrate that FAM83H-AS1 functions as an oncogenic lncRNA that regulates miR-136-5p and MTDH expression during TNBC progression, and suggest that targeting the FAM83H-AS1/miR-136-5p/MTDH axis may serve as a novel therapeutic target in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Han
- Department of Breast Reconstruction, The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Tianjin, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Tianjin, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yiwei Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Breast Reconstruction, The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Tianjin, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Qian Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Tianjin, Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Zhou YH, Cui YH, Wang T, Luo Y. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in cervical cancer: Molecular marker, mechanistic insight, and therapeutic target. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 97:117-140. [PMID: 32448431 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common gynecologic malignant tumor with high mortality. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), a trans-acting long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) containing six exons in humans, is transcribed from the antisense strand of homeobox gene C cluster. This lncRNA serves as a modular scaffold for gene silencing and protein ubiquitination. In patients with cervical cancer, elevated HOTAIR levels are significantly associated with poor prognosis. HOTAIR plays an oncogenic role in cervical cancer by promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and autophagy, inhibiting cell apoptosis, stimulating angiogenesis, accelerating cell cycle progression, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, blockade of HOTAIR by artesunate or propofol shows promise for further development of this lncRNA as a potential therapeutic target in cervical cancer. In this review, we summarized the latest advances regarding the role of HOTAIR in cervical cancer with an emphasis on its diagnostic and prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Zhou
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Tian Y, Xia S, Ma M, Zuo Y. LINC00096 Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion by Sponging miR-383-5p and Regulating RBM3 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10569-10578. [PMID: 31819536 PMCID: PMC6897057 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s229659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play crucial roles in cancer initiation and progression. However, the function and underlying mechanism of lncRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are little investigated. Methods qRT-PCR was used to investigate LINC00096 expression in TNBC tissues and cells. Function assays were used to test the effects of LINC00096 on TNBC cells progression. In addition, luciferase reporter and qRT-PCR assays were used to determine the underlying mechanism of LINC00096 on TNBC progression. Results In our present study, we identify LINC00096 as one of the most upregulated lncRNA in TNBC progression by using microarray screening. High LINC00096 expression was obviously related to advanced tumor stage, metastasis, poor prognosis of patients. Loss-of-function assays showed that LINC00096 suppression reduced TNBC cells proliferation and invasive abilities in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that LINC00096 directly interacted with miR-383-5p, subsequently acted as a miRNA sponge to increase RBM3 expression. Conclusion In the present study, we indicated that LINC00096 might promote the proliferation and invasion through regulating the miR-383-5p/RBM3 pathway in TNBC, which providing a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguan Xia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingde Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Zuo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, People's Republic of China
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Yu F, Wang L, Zhang B. Long non-coding RNA DRHC inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells in triple negative breast cancer by downregulating long non-coding RNA HOTAIR. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3817-3822. [PMID: 31516593 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (DRHC) is a tumor suppressor in liver cancer. However, the role of this lncRNA in breast cancer has not been investigated. The present study revealed that lncRNA DRHC was downregulated and lncRNA Hox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Expression levels of lncRNA DRHC and lncRNA HOTAIR were negatively correlated in tumor tissues but not in adjacent healthy tissues. The lncRNA DRHC expression level was correlated with tumor size but not tumor metastasis. In vitro overexpression of lncRNA DRHC in TNBC cell lines resulted in decreased expression of lncRNA HOTAIR; however, lncRNA HOTAIR overexpression did not affect the expression level of lncRNA DRHC. Overexpression of lncRNA DRHC inhibited, while overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR promoted the proliferation of the TNBC cell lines. In addition, lncRNA HOTAIR overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects of lncRNA DRHC overexpression on cancer cell proliferation. The results obtained in the current study suggested that lncRNA DRHC may inhibit the proliferation of TNBC cells by downregulating the expression of lncRNA HOTAIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Farms and Land General Hospital, Haerbin, Heilongjiang 150088, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Farms and Land General Hospital, Haerbin, Heilongjiang 150088, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, Heilongjiang Farms and Land General Hospital, Haerbin, Heilongjiang 150088, P.R. China
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