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Wang Y, Gao L, Wang F, Yu C, Chen C, Xia C. GPRC5A promotes paclitaxel resistance and glucose content in NSCLC. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:606-614. [PMID: 38602327 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common and malignant cancers worldwide. Chemotherapy has been widely used in the clinical setting, and paclitaxel is the first-line therapy for lung cancer patients but paclitaxel resistance is the main problem. First, we successfully established paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer cells treated with elevated doses of paclitaxel for 3 months, as confirmed by the CCK-8 assay. Paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells increased glucose content. Second, Gtex, Oncomine, and gene expression omnibus database data mining identified GPRC5A, G protein-coupled receptor, as the most prominent differentially expressed gene in drug-resistant datasets including gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and gefitinib overlapped with the microarray data from cancer cell metabolism. Third, qPCR analysis and western blot technique showed that GPRC5A mRNA and protein levels were significantly enhanced in paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer cells. Fourth, functional analysis was conducted by siRNA-mediated transient knockdown of GPRC5A. Silencing GPRC5A significantly decreased paclitaxel resistance and glucose content. In the end, retinoic acid substantially upregulated GPRC5A proteins and promoted glucose content in two lung cancer cells. Kaplan-Meier plot also confirmed that lung cancer patients with high expression of GPRC5A had a relatively lower survival rate. Our study provided a potential drug target GPRC5A, which may benefit lung cancer patients with acquired paclitaxel resistance in the future and a theoretical basis for future preclinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Paclitaxel/pharmacology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Glucose/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
| | - Liang Gao
- Life Science and Health Engineering Department, Jiangnan University, Wuxi
| | - Feiyu Wang
- Life Science and Health Engineering Department, Jiangnan University, Wuxi
| | - Cunjun Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Life Science and Health Engineering Department, Jiangnan University, Wuxi
| | - Chunwei Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Zhang GL, Porter MJ, Awol AK, Orsburn BC, Canner SW, Gray JJ, O'Meally RN, Cole RN, Schnaar RL. The Human Ganglioside Interactome in Live Cells Revealed Using Clickable Photoaffinity Ganglioside Probes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17801-17816. [PMID: 38887845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gangliosides, sialic acid bearing glycosphingolipids, are components of the outer leaflet of plasma membranes of all vertebrate cells. They contribute to cell regulation by interacting with proteins in their own membranes (cis) or their extracellular milieu (trans). As amphipathic membrane constituents, gangliosides present challenges for identifying their ganglioside protein interactome. To meet these challenges, we synthesized bifunctional clickable photoaffinity gangliosides, delivered them to plasma membranes of cultured cells, then captured and identified their interactomes using proteomic mass spectrometry. Installing probes on ganglioside lipid and glycan moieties, we captured cis and trans ganglioside-protein interactions. Ganglioside interactomes varied with the ganglioside structure, cell type, and site of the probe (lipid or glycan). Gene ontology revealed that gangliosides engage with transmembrane transporters and cell adhesion proteins including integrins, cadherins, and laminins. The approach developed is applicable to other gangliosides and cell types, promising to provide insights into molecular and cellular regulation by gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Mitchell J Porter
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Abduselam K Awol
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Benjamin C Orsburn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Samuel W Canner
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Gray
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Robert N O'Meally
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Robert N Cole
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ronald L Schnaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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3
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Iglesias González PA, Valdivieso ÁG, Santa-Coloma TA. The G protein-coupled receptor GPRC5A-a phorbol ester and retinoic acid-induced orphan receptor with roles in cancer, inflammation, and immunity. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:465-480. [PMID: 37467514 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
GPRC5A is the first member of a new class of orphan receptors coupled to G proteins, which also includes GPRC5B, GPRC5C, and GPRC5D. Since its cloning and identification in the 1990s, substantial progress has been made in understanding the possible functions of this receptor. GPRC5A has been implicated in a variety of cellular events, such as cytoskeleton reorganization, cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, migration, and survival. It appears to be a central player in different pathological processes, including tumorigenesis, inflammation, immune response, and tissue damage. The levels of GPRC5A expression differ depending on the type of cancer, with increased expression in colon, pancreas, and prostate cancers; decreased expression in lung cancer; and varied results in breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the early discovery of GPRC5A as a phorbol ester-induced gene and later as a retinoic acid-induced gene, its regulation, and its participation in important canonical pathways related to numerous types of tumors and inflammatory processes. GPRC5A represents a potential new target for cancer, inflammation, and immunity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Iglesias González
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Argentina
| | - Ángel G Valdivieso
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Argentina
| | - Tomás A Santa-Coloma
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Argentina
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4
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Zhang N, Yu X, Sun H, Zhao Y, Wu J, Liu G. A prognostic and immunotherapy effectiveness model for pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35167. [PMID: 37861553 PMCID: PMC10589590 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) results in one of the deadliest solid tumors with discouraging clinical outcomes. Growing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in altering the growth, prognosis, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Cuproptosis is a novel type of cell death induced by copper (Cu) and is associated with mitochondrial respiration during the tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, the relationship between lncRNAs related to cuproptosis and PAAD is poorly studied. In this study, we investigated the association between a signature of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and the diagnosis of PAAD. Genomic data and clinical information were obtained using the TCGA dataset, while cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) from previous studies. Co-expression analysis was utilized to identify lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis. We developed and verified a prognostic risk model following a classification of patients into high- and low-risk categories. The prediction capacity of the risk model was assessed using a number of methods including Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, nomograms, and principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to perform functional enrichment analyses, and to examine the behaviors of various risk groups in terms of immune-related activities and medication sensitivity. We identified 7 cuproptosis-related lncRNA signatures, including CASC19, FAM83A-AS1, AC074099.1, AC007292.2, AC026462.3, AL358944.1, and AC009019.1, as overall survival (OS) predictors. OS and progression-free survival (PFS) showed significant differences among patients in different risk groups. Independent prognostic analysis revealed that the cuproptosis-related lncRNA signatures can independently achieve patient prognosis. The risk model demonstrated strong predictive ability for patient outcomes, as evidenced by ROC curves, nomograms, and PCA. Higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and lower tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) scores were observed in the high-risk group. Additionally, the low-risk group was hypersensitive to 3 anti-cancer medications, whereas the high-risk group was hypersensitive to one. A prognostic risk model with a good predictive ability based on cuproptosis-related lncRNAs was developed, providing a theoretical basis for personalized treatment and immunotherapeutic responses in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Graduate College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xuehua Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- College of Postgraduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yunhong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gaifang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Luo Q, Pan Y, Fu Q, Zhang X, Zhou S, Yu P, Tian H, Liu P, Chen S, Zhang H, Qin T. Immortalization-upregulated protein promotes pancreatic cancer progression by regulating NPM1/FHL1-mediated cell-cycle-checkpoint protein activity. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2069-2087. [PMID: 35142956 PMCID: PMC10547647 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Immortalization-upregulated protein (IMUP) plays a vital role in cell proliferation and tumor progression. However, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Here, we select IMUP as an alternative gene based on GeneChip analysis of clinical PDAC tissues and transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. IMUP expression is upregulated in PDAC tumor tissues. Moreover, high IMUP expression correlates with poor prognosis, while IMUP depletion inhibits PDAC cell proliferation and colony formation capacity in vitro, and decreases xenograft tumor growth in vivo. IMUP downregulation leads to cell-cycle arrest in the S phase. IMUP knockdown increases the expression of four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1), which regulates the phosphorylation of cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) by cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and promotes cytoplasmic distribution of CDC25A by interaction with 14-3-3ξ. Furthermore, FHL1 knockdown restores the effects induced by IMUP depletion. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation analysis further show that IMUP interacts directly with nucleophosmin (NPM1) and enhances its stability. DNA methylation sequencing shows that FHL1 promoter methylation decreases when IMUP is downregulated. Overexpression of NPM1 can increase the methylation level of FHL1, thereby decreasing its expression. Our study provides a novel perspective on IMUP/NPM1/FHL1-mediated cell-cycle arrest by regulating CDC25A phosphorylation in PDAC. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Luo
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Yanfeng Pan
- Department of Infection Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Rd. Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Huiyuan Tian
- Department of Research and Discipline Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Song Chen
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
- Henan University People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobilliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
- Henan University People’s Hospital, No.7, Weiwu Rd., Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003 Henan China
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6
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Gao H, Yin J, Guan X, Zhang S, Peng S, Liu X, Xing F. CMTM6 as a potential therapy target is associated with immunological tumor microenvironment and can promote migration and invasion in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:306. [PMID: 37726578 PMCID: PMC10509136 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
CMTM6 has been connected to the development of several malignancies. However, it is still unknown what function CMTM6 serves in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). We obtained RNA sequencing information of PAAD from public datasets and predicted statistical significance of CMTM6 survival in accordance with Kaplan-Meier curves. Gene set enrichment assessment (GSEA) was employed to analyze changes in pathways. Then, we systematically investigated the association involving CMTM6 and the immunological traits within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PAAD, including immune pathways, immunomodulators, immune infiltrating cells, inflammatory activities, and immunotherapy response prediction. To demonstrate the biologically malignant properties of CMTM6 expression, the Cell Counting Kit-8, transwell experiments, colony formation, and wound healing were utilized. Upregulated CMTM6 expression was revealed within PAAD tissues, which was associated with more frequent somatic mutations and worse survival outcomes. Specifically, CMTM6 expression represented stronger immune infiltration, inflammatory activity, and better immunotherapeutic response in TME. Functional studies revealed that CMTM6 promoted the ability to proliferate, migrate, and invade. Additionally, CMTM6 and PD-L1 had a positive relationship, and CMTM6 can co-immunocoprecipitate with PD-L1 protein in pancreatic cell lines. CMTM6 overexpression shapes the inflammatory TME with a strong immune response. These findings support that CMTM6 is an immunotherapeutic target with promising effect to treat PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jianqiao Yin
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Department of General Surgery, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Sari B, Gulbey O, Hamill KJ. Laminin 332 expression levels predict clinical outcomes and chemotherapy response in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1242706. [PMID: 37779898 PMCID: PMC10540629 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1242706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor outcomes and chemotherapy resistance for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) are a challenge worldwide, and new or improved prognostic biomarkers are urgently required. Individual laminin family members have been established as cancer-associated markers, predicting patient outcomes in many cancer types, including PAAD. Here, we used multiple modalities including RNAseq and gene chip, and genomic and proteomic data to examine the relationships of all laminin genes in PAAD with clinical outcomes. These analyses identified that LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2 expression levels are increased at the mRNA and protein levels in PAAD tumours with evidence of co-regulation. Increased expression of all three genes was associated with decreased promoter methylation status, TP53 mutations, and altered receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways. Clinically, high LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2 transcript abundance was each related to an advanced histological grade. Moreover, high expression of these genes individually predicted poor patient survival, while a signature of combined high expression of LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2 was a stronger predictor of patient outcomes than each gene alone. Interestingly, cell lines with high expression of LM332 chains were not sensitive to the commonly used PAAD chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and gemcitabine; however, increased sensitivity was evident for erlotinib, afatinib, gefitinib, and cetuximab epidermal growth factor (EGFR) RTK inhibitors. To explore possible mechanisms, we investigated co-expressed genes, identifying eight hub genes, namely, GJB3, ITGB6, SERPINB5, GPRC5A, PLEK2, TMPRSS4, P2RY2, and TRIM29, which are co-expressed with all three of LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2. Of these, only SERPINB5 provided a stronger predictive value than the laminin-encoding genes. Together, these multiple integrated analyses suggest that the combined expression of LM332 is a useful prognostic biomarker for PAAD and could help patient stratification and therapeutic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Sari
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ozcan Gulbey
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J. Hamill
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Tao S, Tian L, Wang X, Shou Y. A pyroptosis-related gene signature for prognosis and immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:817919. [PMID: 36118860 PMCID: PMC9476319 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.817919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal tumors owing to its unspecific symptoms during the early stage and multiple treatment resistances. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered gasdermin-mediated cell death, facilitates anti- or pro-tumor effects in a variety of cancers, whereas the impact of pyroptosis in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. Therefore, we downloaded RNA expression and clinic data from the TCGA-PAAD cohort and were surprised to find that most pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) are not only overexpressed in tumor tissue but also strongly associated with overall survival. For their remarkable prognostic value, cox regression analysis and lasso regression were used to establish a five-gene signature. All patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups based on the media value of the risk score, and we discovered that low-risk patients had better outcomes in both the testing and validation cohorts using time receiver operating characteristic (ROC), nomograms, survival, and decision analysis. More importantly, a higher somatic mutation burden and less immune cell infiltration were found in the high-risk group. Following that, we predicted tumor response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both low- and high-risk groups, which suggests patients with low risk were more likely to respond to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. To summarize, our study established an effective model that can help clinicians better predict patients’ drug responses and outcomes, and we also present basic evidence for future pyroptosis related studies in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyan Wang, ; Yajun Shou,
| | - Yajun Shou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyan Wang, ; Yajun Shou,
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9
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Han Z, Ren H, Sun J, Jin L, Wang Q, Guo C, Tian Z. Integrated weighted gene coexpression network analysis identifies Frizzled 2 (FZD2) as a key gene in invasive malignant pleomorphic adenoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:15. [PMID: 34986855 PMCID: PMC8734245 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive malignant pleomorphic adenoma (IMPA) is a highly malignant neoplasm of the oral salivary glands with a poor prognosis and a considerable risk of recurrence. Many disease-causing genes of IMPA have been identified in recent decades (e.g., P53, PCNA and HMGA2), but many of these genes remain to be explored. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) is a newly emerged algorithm that can cluster genes and form modules based on similar gene expression patterns. This study constructed a gene coexpression network of IMPA via WGCNA and then carried out multifaceted analysis to identify novel disease-causing genes. Methods RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for 10 pairs of IMPA and normal tissues to acquire the gene expression profiles. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out with the cutoff criteria of |log2 Fold change (FC)|> 1 and adjusted p value < 0.05. Then, WGCNA was applied to systematically identify the hidden diagnostic hub genes of IMPA. Results In this research, a total of 1970 DEGs were screened out in IMPA tissues, including 1056 upregulated DEGs and 914 downregulated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for identified DEGs and revealed an enrichment of tumor-associated GO terms and KEGG pathways. We used WGCNA to identify gene module most relevant with the histological grade of IMPA. The gene FZD2 was then recognized as the hub gene of the selected module with the highest module membership (MM) value and intramodule connectivity in protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. According to immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, the expression level of FZD2 was higher in low-grade IMPA than in high-grade IMPA. Conclusion FZD2 shows an expression dynamic that is negatively correlated with the clinical malignancy of IMPA and it plays a central role in the transcription network of IMPA. Thus, FZD2 serves as a promising histological indicator for the precise prediction of IMPA histological stages. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03204-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Ren
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihui Jin
- Pediatric Heart Center, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Zhu Z, Wang Q, Chen X, Wang Q, Yan C, Zhao X, Zhao W, Zhu WH. An Enzyme-Activatable Aggregation-Induced-Emission Probe: Intraoperative Pathological Fluorescent Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer via Specific Cathepsin E. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107444. [PMID: 34693566 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most devastating malignant tumors. However, fluorescence probes for early clinical diagnosis of PC often encounter difficulties in accuracy and penetrability. In this work, an enzyme-activated aggregation-induced-emission (AIE) probe, QM-HSP-CPP, for high-contrast fluorescence diagnosis of PC is developed by monitoring specific overexpressed enzyme Cathepsin E (CTSE). The probe is composed of an AIE fluorophore QM-COOH (QM = quinoline-malononitrile), CTSE-triggered hydrophobic peptide (HSP), and hydrophilic biocompatible cell penetrating peptide (CPP). The CPP unit can well-modulate the molecular dispersion properties, giving initial fluorescence-off state in the aqueous biosystem, thus endowing high signal-to-noise ratio, and finally overcoming the poor targeting selectivity of traditional AIE probes. CPP can ensure cell/tissue penetrating ability, thus allowing on-site monitoring of endogenous CTSE in PC cells, tissues, and living animal models. When the QM-HSP-CPP probe is specifically cleaved by CTSE, it can generate AIE signals in situ with high-specificity and long-term tracking ability, and successfully achieve intraoperative diagnosis of human PC sections, tracking PC in heterotopic nude mice models. The CTSE-enzyme-triggered AIEgens' liberation strategy improves accuracy and addresses the penetration problem simultaneously, which can expand the database of multitudinous biocompatible AIE-active probes, especially for establishing intraoperative pathological fluorescent diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Quan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chengxu Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weijun Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Wei R, Qi G, Zeng Z, Shen N, Wang Z, Shen H, Gao L, Song C, Ma W, Wang C. IMUP and GPRC5A: two newly identified risk score indicators in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:620. [PMID: 34819098 PMCID: PMC8613923 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer has been a threateningly lethal malignant tumor worldwide. Despite the promising survival improvement in other cancer types attributing to the fast development of molecular precise medicine, the current treatment situation of pancreatic cancer is still woefully challenging since its limited response to neither traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy nor emerging immunotherapy. The study is to explore potential responsible genes during the development of pancreatic cancer, thus identifying promising gene indicators and probable drug targets. Methods Different bioinformatic analysis were used to interpret the genetic events in pancreatic cancer development. Firstly, based on multiple cDNA microarray profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the genes with differently mRNA expression in cancer comparing to normal pancreatic tissues were identified, followed by being grouped based on the difference level. Then, GO and KEGG were performed to separately interpret the multiple groups of genes, and further Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox Regression analysis assisted us to scale down the candidate genes and select the potential key genes. Further, the basic physicochemical properties, the association with immune cells infiltration, mutation or other types variations besides expression gap in pancreatic cancer comparing to normal tissues of the selected key genes were analyzed. Moreover, the aberrant changed expression of key genes was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) experiment using local hospital tissue microarray samples and the clinical significance was explored based on TCGA clinical data. Results Firstly, a total of 22,491 genes were identified to express differently in cancer comparing to normal pancreatic tissues based on 5 cDNA expression profiles, and the difference of 487/22491 genes was over eightfold, and 55/487 genes were shared in multi profiles. Moreover, after genes interpretation which showed the > eightfold genes were mainly related to extracellular matrix structural constituent regulation, Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox-regression analysis were performed continually, and the result indicated that of the 55 extracellular locating genes, GPRC5A and IMUP were the only two independent prognostic indicators of pancreatic cancer. Further, detailed information of IMUP and GPRC5A were analyzed including their physicochemical properties, their expression and variation ratio and their association with immune cells infiltration in cancer, as well as the probable signaling pathways of genes regulation on pancreatic cancer development. Lastly, local IHC experiment performed on PAAD tissue array which was produced with 62 local hospital patients samples confirmed that GPRC5A and IMUP were abnormally up-regulated in pancreatic cancer, which directly associated with worse patients both overall (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS). Conclusions Using multiple bioinformatic analysis as well as local hospital samples validation, we revealed that GPRC5A and IMUP expression were abnormally up-regulated in pancreatic cancer which associated statistical significantly with patients survival, and the genes’ biological features and clinical significance were also explored. However, more detailed experiments and clinical trials are obligatory to support their further potential drug-target role in clinical medical treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02324-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China
| | - Guoye Qi
- Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of ShanXi Medical University, Tai Yuan, ShanXi, China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of ShanXi Medical University, Tai Yuan, ShanXi, China
| | - Ningning Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Basic Medical College of ShanXi Medical University, Tai Yuan, ShanXi, China
| | - Honghong Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China
| | - Lifang Gao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China
| | - Wenxia Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, No.382 WuYi Road, Tai Yuan, 030000, ShanXi, China.
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