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Kirchner J, Plesca I, Rothe R, Resag A, Löck S, Benešová I, Rupp L, Linge A, Wehner R, Krause M, Schmitz M. Type I conventional dendritic cells and CD8 + T cells predict favorable clinical outcome of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1414298. [PMID: 38938577 PMCID: PMC11208331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1414298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common tumor entities worldwide, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection contributing to cancer development. Conventional therapies achieve only limited efficiency, especially in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. As the immune landscape decisively impacts the survival of patients and treatment efficacy, this study comprehensively investigated the immunological tumor microenvironment (TME) and its association with patient outcome, with special focus on several dendritic cell (DC) and T lymphocyte subpopulations. Therefore, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 56 HNSCC patients, who have undergone resection and adjuvant radiotherapy, were analyzed by multiplex immunohistochemistry focusing on the detailed phenotypic characterization and spatial distribution of DCs, CD8+ T cells, and T-helper cell subsets in different tumor compartments. Immune cell densities and proportions were correlated with clinical characteristics of the whole HNSCC cohort and different HPV- or hypoxia-associated subcohorts. Tumor stroma was highly infiltrated by plasmacytoid DCs and T lymphocytes. Among the T-helper cells and CD8+ T cells, stromal regulatory T cells and intraepithelial exhausted CD8+ T cells expressing programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1+) and/or lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3+) were the predominant phenotypes, indicating an immunosuppressive TME. HPV-associated tumors showed significantly higher infiltration of type I and type II conventional DCs (cDC1, cDC2) as well as several CD8+ T cell phenotypes including exhausted, activated, and proliferating T cells. On the contrary, tumors with hypoxia-associated gene signatures exhibited reduced infiltration for these immune cells. By multivariate Cox regression, immune-related prognostic factors were identified. Patient clusters defined by high infiltration of DCs and T lymphocytes combined with HPV positivity or low hypoxia showed significantly prolonged survival. Thereby, cDC1 and CD8+ T cells emerged as independent prognostic factors for local and distant recurrence. These results might contribute to the implementation of an immune cell infiltration score predicting HNSCC patients' survival and such patient stratification might improve the design of future individualized radiochemo-(immuno)therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Kirchner
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioana Plesca
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rothe
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonia Resag
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iva Benešová
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Rupp
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden – Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiooncology – OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Heras-Murillo I, Adán-Barrientos I, Galán M, Wculek SK, Sancho D. Dendritic cells as orchestrators of anticancer immunity and immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:257-277. [PMID: 38326563 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of antigen-presenting innate immune cells that regulate adaptive immunity, including against cancer. Therefore, understanding the precise activities of DCs in tumours and patients with cancer is important. The classification of DC subsets has historically been based on ontogeny; however, single-cell analyses are now additionally revealing a diversity of functional states of DCs in cancer. DCs can promote the activation of potent antitumour T cells and immune responses via numerous mechanisms, although they can also be hijacked by tumour-mediated factors to contribute to immune tolerance and cancer progression. Consequently, DC activities are often key determinants of the efficacy of immunotherapies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Potentiating the antitumour functions of DCs or using them as tools to orchestrate short-term and long-term anticancer immunity has immense but as-yet underexploited therapeutic potential. In this Review, we outline the nature and emerging complexity of DC states as well as their functions in regulating adaptive immunity across different cancer types. We also describe how DCs are required for the success of current immunotherapies and explore the inherent potential of targeting DCs for cancer therapy. We focus on novel insights on DCs derived from patients with different cancers, single-cell studies of DCs and their relevance to therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Adán-Barrientos
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Galán
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- Innate Immune Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Okwuone DDD, Morgan D, Gan GN. Exploring the function of myeloid cells in promoting metastasis in head and neck cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:108-119. [PMID: 38468824 PMCID: PMC10925485 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a challenging disease that lacks effective treatment, particularly in the cases that spread locoregionally and metastasize distantly, dramatically reducing patient survival rates. Expanding the understanding of the mechanisms of the metastatic cascade is critical for creating more effective therapeutics that improve outcomes for HNC patients. A true grasp of cancer metastasis requires the consideration of all cell types that contribute to the inflammatory HNC microenvironment as drivers of this process. More emphasis now is being placed on exploring the roles of the different immune cells in cancer control, tumorigenesis and metastasis. Myeloid cells are the most numerous immune cell types in the body, and they are actively recruited and reprogrammed by tumor cells to behave in a variety of ways. These cells are remarkably diverse in phenotype and function, and the part they play in tumor spread greatly differs based on the cell type. This review will focus on summarizing the roles of macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and dendritic cells (DCs) in driving HNC metastasis by examining the current knowledge base and offering potential new routes through which to target and treat this deadly process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deri Morgan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Gregory N. Gan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Li K, Zeng X, Liu P, Zeng X, Lv J, Qiu S, Zhang P. The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4301-4315. [PMID: 37791117 PMCID: PMC10544098 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms through which inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, and cells contribute to the initiation and progression of HNSCC have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in HNSCC has been discussed to gain new insights into improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Guo Z, Li K, Liu P, Zhang X, Lv J, Zeng X, Zhang P. Targeted therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1257898. [PMID: 37711747 PMCID: PMC10498927 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1257898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) originates from the squamous epithelium of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. HNSCC in the oral cavity and larynx is strongly associated with tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, while oropharyngeal cancer is increasingly attributed to infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV-16. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex network of cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, surrounding blood vessels, and signaling molecules, and plays a critical role in tumor cell survival, invasion, and recurrence. Therefore, it is critical to elucidate the molecular basis of the interaction between tumor cells and the TME in order to develop innovative anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Dalir Abdolahinia E, Han X. The Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture Models in the Study of Oral Cancer Immune Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4266. [PMID: 37686542 PMCID: PMC10487272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset and progression of oral cancer are accompanied by a dynamic interaction with the host immune system, and the immune cells within the tumor microenvironment play a pivotal role in the development of the tumor. By exploring the cellular immunity of oral cancer, we can gain insight into the contribution of both tumor cells and immune cells to tumorigenesis. This understanding is crucial for developing effective immunotherapeutic strategies to combat oral cancer. Studies of cancer immunology present unique challenges in terms of modeling due to the extraordinary complexity of the immune system. With its multitude of cellular components, each with distinct subtypes and various activation states, the immune system interacts with cancer cells and other components of the tumor, ultimately shaping the course of the disease. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture methods fall short of capturing these intricate cellular interactions. Mouse models enable us to learn about tumor biology in complicated and dynamic physiological systems but have limitations as the murine immune system differs significantly from that of humans. In light of these challenges, three-dimensional (3D) culture systems offer an alternative approach to studying cancer immunology and filling the existing gaps in available models. These 3D culture models provide a means to investigate complex cellular interactions that are difficult to replicate in 2D cultures. The direct study of the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells of human origin offers a more relevant and representative platform compared to mouse models, enabling advancements in our understanding of cancer immunology. This review explores commonly used 3D culture models and highlights their significant contributions to expanding our knowledge of cancer immunology. By harnessing the power of 3D culture systems, we can unlock new insights that pave the way for improved strategies in the battle against oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaozhe Han
- Department of Oral Science and Translation Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
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Li S, Li S, Li Q, Zhou Q, Liao W, Yu L, Ouyang C, Xia H, Liu C, Li M. Identification of key genes and pathways in atherosclerosis using integrated bioinformatics analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:102. [PMID: 37179331 PMCID: PMC10183119 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that might induce severe cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. These risk factors in the pathogenesis of AS remain uncertain and further research is needed. This study aims to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of AS by bioinformatics analyses. METHODS GSE100927 gene expression profiles, including 69 AS samples and 35 healthy controls, were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database and indenfied for key genes and pathways in AS. RESULTS A total of 443 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and AS were identified, including 323 down-regulated genes and 120 up-regulated genes. The Gene ontology terms enriched by the up-regulated DEGs were associated with the regulation of leukocyte activation, endocytic vesicle, and cytokine binding, while the down-regulated DEGs were associated with negative regulation of cell growth, extracellular matrix, and G protein-coupled receptor binding. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the up-regulated DEGs were enriched in Osteoclast differentiation and Phagosome, while the down-regulated DEGs were enriched in vascular smooth muscle contraction and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Using the modular analysis of Cytoscape, we identified 3 modules mainly involved in Leishmaniasis and Osteoclast differentiation. The GSEA analysis showed the up-regulated gene sets were enriched in the ribosome, ascorbated metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. The LASSO Cox regression analysis showed the top 3 genes were TNF, CX3CR1, and COL1R1. Finally, we found these immune cells were conferred significantly higher infiltrating density in the AS group. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed the pathway of Osteoclast differentiation and Leishmaniasis was involved in the AS process and we developed a three-gene model base on the prognosis of AS. These findings clarified the gene regulatory network of AS and may provide a novel target for AS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Liao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhu Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhan Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Xia
- The Central Hospital of Xianning, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mincai Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
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Yu H, Mei Y, Dong Y, Chen C, Lin X, Jin H, Yu J, Liu X. CCR9-CCL25 mediated plasmacytoid dendritic cell homing and contributed the immunosuppressive microenvironment in gastric cancer. Transl Oncol 2023; 33:101682. [PMID: 37126939 PMCID: PMC10172990 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a crucial role in the microenvironment of tumor. Evidences has been shown that chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) is an important molecule that attracts pDCs homing to the digestive tract and the latter are involved in the formation of digestive tract immune tolerance. The aim of this study was to explore the role of CCR9-CCL25 interaction in pDC-mediated immunosuppression microenvironment of gastric cancer (GC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pDCs were detected by immunohistochemistry. CCR9, which expressed on pDC was visualized by immunofluorescence. Western Blot was applied to evaluate the expression of CCL-25. Total pDCs, CCR9+pDCs, CCR9-pDCs, total Tregs, inducible costimulator + (ICOS) Tregs and ICOS-Tregs in peripheral blood and draining lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma concentration of the cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay RESULTS: Total Tregs, pDCs and CCR9+pDCs were higher in GC tissue. CCL-25 was over-expressed in carcinoma tissue. Peripheral total pDCs, CCR9-pDCs, total Tregs, ICOS+ Tregs, ICOS- Tregs were significantly increased in GC patients. More total pDCs, CCR9+ pDCs, total Tregs, ICOS+ Tregs were found in metastatic lymph nodes. Plasma concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly higher in GC patients. More CCR9+ pDCs were found infiltrating carcinoma tissue in patients with later T staging and lymph node metastasis and conferred a poor prognosis. CONCLUSION CCR9-CCL25 interaction might play an important role in mediating PDC homing to metastatic lymph nodes and carcinoma tissue, which contributed to the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ying Mei
- Department of Precision Medicine Clinical Research Center, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313003, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Xianke Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Hailong Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Jiren Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China.
| | - Xiaosun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Starska-Kowarska K. The Role of Different Immunocompetent Cell Populations in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancer-Regulatory Mechanisms of Pro- and Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Impact on Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1642. [PMID: 36980527 PMCID: PMC10046400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous groups of human neoplasms. HNSCC is characterized by high morbidity, accounting for 3% of all cancers, and high mortality with ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. It was the most common cancer worldwide in 2020, according to the latest GLOBOCAN data, representing the seventh most prevalent human malignancy. Despite great advances in surgical techniques and the application of modern combinations and cytotoxic therapies, HNSCC remains a leading cause of death worldwide with a low overall survival rate not exceeding 40-60% of the patient population. The most common causes of death in patients are its frequent nodal metastases and local neoplastic recurrences, as well as the relatively low response to treatment and severe drug resistance. Much evidence suggests that the tumour microenvironment (TME), tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and circulating various subpopulations of immunocompetent cells, such regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs), cytotoxic CD3+CD8+ T cells (CTLs) and CD3+CD4+ T helper type 1/2/9/17 (Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17) lymphocytes, T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and CD56dim/CD16bright activated natural killer cells (NK), carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumour-associated neutrophils (N1/N2 TANs), as well as tumour-associated macrophages (M1/M2 phenotype TAMs) can affect initiation, progression and spread of HNSCC and determine the response to immunotherapy. Rapid advances in the field of immuno-oncology and the constantly growing knowledge of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and effects of tumour cancer have allowed for the use of effective and personalized immunotherapy as a first-line therapeutic procedure or an essential component of a combination therapy for primary, relapsed and metastatic HNSCC. This review presents the latest reports and molecular studies regarding the anti-tumour role of selected subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, including HPV+ve (HPV+) and HPV-ve (HPV-) tumours. The article focuses on the crucial regulatory mechanisms of pro- and anti-tumour activity, key genetic or epigenetic changes that favour tumour immune escape, and the strategies that the tumour employs to avoid recognition by immunocompetent cells, as well as resistance mechanisms to T and NK cell-based immunotherapy in HNSCC. The present review also provides an overview of the pre- and clinical early trials (I/II phase) and phase-III clinical trials published in this arena, which highlight the unprecedented effectiveness and limitations of immunotherapy in HNSCC, and the emerging issues facing the field of HNSCC immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-604-541-412
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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10
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Venkatesiah SS, Augustine D, Mishra D, Gujjar N, Haragannavar VC, Awan KH, Patil S. Immunology of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Comprehensive Insight with Recent Concepts. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1807. [PMID: 36362963 PMCID: PMC9695443 DOI: 10.3390/life12111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to understand the concept of oral cancer immunology through the notion of immune profiling, immunoediting and immunotherapy, and to gain knowledge regarding its application for the management of oral cancer patients. Oral cancer is an immunogenic tumor where the cells of the tumor microenvironment play an important role in tumorigenesis. Understanding the mechanism of these modulations can help design immunotherapeutic strategies in oral cancer patients. This article gives an overview of immunomodulation in the oral cancer tumor microenvironment, with concepts of immune profiling, immunoediting and immunotherapy. English literature searches via Google Scholar, Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, and PubMed database were performed with the key words immunology, tumor microenvironment, cells, cross talk, immune profiling, biomarkers, inflammation, gene expression, techniques, immunoediting, immunosurveillance, tumor escape, immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines in cancer, oral cancer, and head and neck cancer. Original research articles, reviews, and case reports published from 2016-2021 (n = 81) were included to appraise different topics, and were discussed under the following subsections. Literature published on oral cancer immunology reveals that oral cancer immune profiling with appropriate markers and techniques and knowledge on immunoediting concepts can help design and play an effective role in immunotherapeutic management of oral cancer patients. An evaluation of oral cancer immunology helps to determine its role in tumorigenesis, and immunotherapy could be the emerging drift in the effective management of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Samudrala Venkatesiah
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Deepika Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi 110608, India
| | - Neethi Gujjar
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Vanishri C. Haragannavar
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Kamran Habib Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai 600077, India
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11
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Jumaniyazova E, Lokhonina A, Dzhalilova D, Kosyreva A, Fatkhudinov T. Immune Cells in Head-and-Neck Tumor Microenvironments. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091521. [PMID: 36143308 PMCID: PMC9506052 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head-and-neck cancers constitute a heterogeneous group of aggressive tumors with high incidence and low survival rates, collectively being the sixth most prevalent cancer type globally. About 90% of head-and-neck cancers are classified as squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The innate and adaptive immune systems, indispensable for anti-cancer immune surveillance, largely define the rates of HNSCC emergence and progression. HNSCC microenvironments harbor multiple cell types that infiltrate the tumors and interact both with tumor cells and among themselves. Gradually, tumor cells learn to manipulate the immune system, either by adapting their own immunogenicity or through the release of immunosuppressive molecules. These interactions continuously evolve and shape the tumor microenvironment, both structurally and functionally, facilitating angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. Our understanding of this evolution is directly related to success in the development of advanced therapies. This review focuses on the key mechanisms that rule HNSCC infiltration, featuring particular immune cell types and their roles in the pathogenesis. A close focus on the tumor-immunity interactions will help identify new immunotherapeutic targets in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enar Jumaniyazova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9254258360
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kosyreva
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
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12
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Wu Y, Yu S, Qiao H. Understanding the functional inflammatory factors involved in therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for pan-cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:990445. [PMID: 36120342 PMCID: PMC9474995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.990445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) fight tumor progression by activating immune conditions. The inflammatory factors are playing a functional role in programmed death-1 (PD-1) or other immune checkpoints. They are involved in regulating the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), the only predictor recognized by the guidelines in response to ICIs. In addition, abundant components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) all interact with various immune factors contributing to the response to ICIs, including infiltration of various immune cells, extracellular matrix, and fibroblasts. Notably, the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients receiving ICIs is increasingly observed in sundry organs. IrAEs are often regarded as an inflammatory factor-mediated positive feedback loop associated with better response to ICIs. It deserves attention because inflammatory factors were observed to be different when targeting different immune checkpoints or in the presence of different irAEs. In the present review, we address the research progresses on regulating inflammatory factors for an intentional controlling anti-cancer response with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmeizhi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Yu, ; Hong Qiao,
| | - Hong Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Yu, ; Hong Qiao,
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13
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Kondoh N, Mizuno-Kamiya M. The Role of Immune Modulatory Cytokines in the Tumor Microenvironments of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122884. [PMID: 35740551 PMCID: PMC9221278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant phenotypes of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of immune modulatory cytokines associated with tumor microenvironments (TMEs). We first present the immune modulatory effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro- and anti- (pro-/anti-) inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon HNSCC phenotypes. We then report our evaluation of the functions of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the crosstalk between tumors and stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In HNSCCs, the status of lymph node metastasis is an important hallmark of a worse prognosis. Several chemokines mediate lymph node metastases in HNSCC patients. There are therapeutic approaches, using antitumoral cytokines or immunotherapies, that target cytokines, chemokines, or signal molecules essential for the immune evasion of HNSCCs. Finally, modulation by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in HNSCC phenotypes and the prognostic significance of serum cytokine levels in HNSCC patients are discussed. Abstract HNSCCs are the major progressive malignancy of the upper digestive and respiratory organs. Malignant phenotypes of HNSCCs are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of the immune modulatory cytokines associated with TMEs, i.e., a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ, plays a role as an anti-tumor regulator against HNSCCs; however, IFN-γ also drives programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1 expression to promote cancer stem cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 promotes the cytotoxic activity of T cells and natural killer cells; however, endogenous IL-2 can promote regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in the protection of HNSCCs. In this report, we first classified and mentioned the immune modulatory aspects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon HNSCC phenotypes. In the TME of HNSCCs, pro-tumoral immune modulation is mediated by stromal cells, including CAFs, MDSCs, pDCs, and TAMs. Therefore, we evaluated the functions of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells. In HNSCCs, the status of lymph node metastasis is an important hallmark of a worse prognosis. We therefore evaluated the possibility of chemokines mediating lymph node metastases in HNSCC patients. We also mention therapeutic approaches using anti-tumoral cytokines or immunotherapies that target cytokines, chemokines, or signal molecules essential for the immune evasion of HNSCCs. We finally discuss modulation by HPV infection upon HNSCC phenotypes, as well as the prognostic significance of serum cytokine levels in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-58-329-1416; Fax: +81-58-329-1417
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Business Administration, Asahi University School of Business Administration, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan;
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14
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Genetic Cross-Talk between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Type 2 Diabetes: The Potential Role of Immunity. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6389906. [PMID: 35634436 PMCID: PMC9135565 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6389906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background. This bioinformatics study was aimed at evaluating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with regard to related immune cells and prognosis. Methods. We downloaded the data on OSCC from TCGA and for T2D from GEO database. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed, i.e., for OSCC genes with
,
; and for T2D, genes with
,
. The intersected genes between OSCC and T2D were cross-talk genes. The expression values of immune-related genes in case samples in OSCC and T2D were assessed and underwent multivariate and univariate analysis (Cox-PH model). The intersection between the immune genes and cross-talk genes was taken and further analyzed by recursive feature elimination (RFE), survival analysis, and ROC analysis. Results. 1008 cross-talk genes were acquired, including 28 common upregulated, 440 common downregulated, and 540 differently regulated DEGs. We extracted the gene expression value of 782 immune-related genes, of which seven increased immune cells were obtained. From the results, plasmacytoid dendritic cells and effector memory CD8 T cells were highly negatively correlated in both OSCC and T2D. After estimating a low- and high-risk model for survival, we found that activated dendritic cell was significantly different between high and low groups (
), followed by plasmacytoid dendritic cell. We integrated DE_Immune genes set 1 and DE_Immune genes set 2 and eight key immune-related cross-talk genes (C1QC, ABCD1, NOS2, PDIA4, IL1RN, ALOX15, CSE1L, and PSMC4) were evaluated. After ROC analysis, we obtained that ABCD1, C1QC, CSE1L, and PSMC4 had higher classification and prediction effects on OSCC and T2D. Conclusion. This study revealed a close relationship between T2D and OSCC. Thereby, plasmacytoid dendritic cell and activated dendritic cell-related genes were associated with the survival of T2D-related OSCC, while ABCD1, C1QC, CSE1L, and PSMC4 were the most important immune-related cross-talk genes.
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15
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Plesca I, Müller L, Böttcher JP, Medyouf H, Wehner R, Schmitz M. Tumor-associated human dendritic cell subsets: phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1750-1758. [PMID: 35106759 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. Activated DCs can produce large amounts of various proinflammatory cytokines, initiate T cell responses, and exhibit direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. They also efficiently enhance the antitumoral properties of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes. Based on these capabilities, immunogenic DCs promote tumor elimination and are associated with improved survival of patients. Furthermore, they can essentially contribute to the clinical efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients. However, depending on their intrinsic properties and the tumor microenvironment, DCs can be rendered dysfunctional and mediate tolerance by producing immunosuppressive cytokines and activating regulatory T cells. Such tolerogenic DCs can foster tumor progression and are linked to poor prognosis of patients. Here, we focus on recent studies exploring the phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance of tumor-infiltrating conventional DC1, conventional DC2, plasmacytoid DCs, and monocyte-derived DCs in translational and clinical settings. In addition, recent findings demonstrating the influence of DCs on the efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies are summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Plesca
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Müller
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Hind Medyouf
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Dholariya S, Singh RD, Radadiya M, Parchwani D, Sharma G, Mir R. Role of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Influence of Epigenetics on the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Carcinogenesis: Potential Implications. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:47-64. [PMID: 37199302 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2022047088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer has become a significant problem throughout the world, particularly in countries that are still developing. Recent literature supports the contribution of components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the effect of epigenetic changes happening in the cells of the TME on oral cancer development and progression. In this review, we comprehensively examine the significance of TME in the development of OC along with the current understanding of the epigenetic modifications that regulate the TME and their cohesive impact on tumor traits and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tabuk, India
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17
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Pei Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, Xu L. The expression and clinical value of tumor infiltrating dendritic cells in tumor tissues of patients with esophageal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1996-2003. [PMID: 34790367 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As dendritic cells (DCs) are the major antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, understanding their role in esophageal cancer is essential for the development of preventative and treatment strategies. This study investigated the expression level and clinical value of tumor infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) in tumor tissues of patients with esophageal cancer. Methods From January 2019 to January 2021, 184 patients with esophageal cancer treated were prospectively enrolled as the observation group and 184 patients with benign esophageal tumors were selected as the control group. Tumor tissue samples were obtained and the expression level and phenotypes of the TIDCs were analyzed. The correlation between TIDC expression and clinical characteristics of patients with esophageal cancer was investigated. Results The density of the TIDCs in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (8.76±2.25 vs. 9.97±2.19; P=0.000). Furthermore, the percentage of major histocompatibility complex-II (MHC-II) positive DCs and the percentage of CD54 positive DCs were relatively lower in the observation group compared to the control group (6.60%±2.12% vs. 9.34%±2.41%; P=0.000 and 7.41%±2.36% vs. 9.98%±2.47%; P=0.000, respectively). Esophageal cancer patients with lymph node metastasis had lower TIDC density, lower percentage of MHC-II positive DCs, and lower percentage of CD54 positive DCs compared to patients without node metastasis (P<0.05). Patients with stage III esophageal cancer also showed significantly lower TIDC density, lower percentage of MHC-II positive DCs, and lower percentage of CD54 positive DCs compared to patients with stage I/II esophageal cancer (P<0.05). Esophageal cancer patients with tumor diameter ≥4 cm presented with decreased TIDC density, decreased percentage of MHC-II positive DCs, and decreased percentage of CD54 positive DCs compared to patients with tumor diameter <4 cm (P<0.05). In addition, the density of TIDCs, the percentage of MHC-II positive DCs, and the percentage of CD54 positive DCs were significantly negatively correlated with the percentage of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and positively correlated with the percentage of CD8+ T-lymphocytes (P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with esophageal cancer had low expression and function of TIDCs, and this was related to the imbalance of T-lymphocyte subsets, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and lesion size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yanzhi Zhu
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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18
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Zhang Z, Xie H, Zuo W, Tang J, Zeng Z, Cai W, Lai L, Lu Y, Shen L, Dong X, Yin L, Tang D, Dai Y. Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation proteomics reveals protein modification alteration in the actin cytoskeleton pathway of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Proteomics 2021; 249:104371. [PMID: 34500091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As the most commonplace malignant carcinoma in the oral cavity, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highly invasive and prone to recurrence. The nosogenesis of OSCC are affected by epigenetics. Recently, a newly-found post-translational modification of lysine, 2-hydroxyisobutylation (Khib), has been proved to play a critical role in biological regulation. However, no research has evaluated the mechanism of Khib in oral cancer. Here, we performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics combined with bioinformatics analysis to reveal and evaluate Khib protein alterations in OSCC. Numerous proteins in OSCC undergo up-regulated modification of Khib. We quantified and identified 967 proteins with differential expression levels, and 617 2-hydroxyisobutylated proteins with 938 Khib sites. Among them, 125 proteins both differentially expressed and accompanied by obvious Khib modification were further identified and analyzed through KEGG-based and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). These proteins are enriched in the actin cytoskeleton regulatory pathway, and IPA predicted that they alter the state of actin aggregation and stability, hence impacting and regulating the actin cytoskeleton in OSCC. This is the first 2-hydroxyisobutylated modification proteomics performed for OSCC. Khib protein is significantly concentrated in the actin cytoskeleton regulatory pathway, indicating that this pathway may mediate the tumorigenesis or exacerbation of OSCC. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study that revealed the alterations of Khib protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma through LC-MS/MS-based modified proteomic. Our data showed that the protein in the actin cytoskeleton regulatory pathway was underwent significant Khib modification and abundance changes. We applied predictive function in IPA software to analyze and clarify that the aggregation of actin and the regulation of actin stability that mediated by the actin cytoskeleton regulatory pathway may be the potential mechanism of the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Our research broadens the understanding of the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and provides new insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China; Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Hongliang Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China
| | - Wenxin Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China
| | - Jianming Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China
| | - Wanxia Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China
| | - Liusheng Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Affiliated No. 924 Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guilin 541002, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yongpin Lu
- Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lingjun Shen
- Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Xiangnan Dong
- Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Donge Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China.
| | - Yong Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CN 518020, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Affiliated No. 924 Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guilin 541002, Guangxi, PR China.
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Xie Y, Ruan Y, Zou H, Wang Y, Wu X, Li X, Lai J, Shi M, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Guo B, Zhang F. YAP1 Overexpression Is Associated with Kidney Dysfunction in Lupus Nephritis. Pathobiology 2021; 88:412-423. [PMID: 34344015 DOI: 10.1159/000517575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of the present study was to determine the expression of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in renal tissues of mice with lupus nephritis (LN) and elucidate its role in the progression of renal fibrosis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice and MRL/lpr mice were selected for experimental comparison. Mouse kidney tissues were removed and sectioned for hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichome staining, Sirius staining, and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein levels of YAP1 in mouse kidney tissues were detected, and the correlation between YAP1 and fibronectin (FN) mRNA levels was analyzed. Mouse renal epithelial cells were used for in vitro experiments. After transfection and stimulation, the cells were divided into 4 groups, namely the C57BL/6 serum group (group 1), the MRL/lpr serum group (group 2), the MRL/lpr serum + siRNA-negative control group (group 3), and the MRL/lpr serum + siRNA-YAP1 group (group 4). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in each group were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urinary protein levels were detected and assessed for their correlation with YAP1 mRNA levels by Spearman's analysis. RESULTS Compared to C57BL/6 mice, MRL/lpr mice exhibited obvious changes in fibrosis in renal tissues. In addition, YAP1 expression was significantly higher in the renal tissues of MRL/lpr mice than in those of C57BL/6 mice, and YAP1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with those of FN. YAP1 silencing in lupus serum-stimulated cells could effectively relieve serum-induced EMT. Finally, we observed that YAP1 mRNA levels in mouse kidney tissue were significantly and positively correlated with the degree of renal function injury. CONCLUSION YAP1 expression in the kidney tissues of LN mice was higher than that observed in normal mice, indicating that YAP1 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huimei Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiao Lai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research of Common Chronic Diseases in Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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