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Balaji PG, Bhimrao LS, Yadav AK. Revolutionizing Stroke Care: Nanotechnology-Based Brain Delivery as a Novel Paradigm for Treatment and Diagnosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04215-3. [PMID: 38829514 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Stroke, a severe medical condition arising from abnormalities in the coagulation-fibrinolysis cycle and metabolic processes, results in brain cell impairment and injury due to blood flow obstruction within the brain. Prompt and efficient therapeutic approaches are imperative to control and preserve brain functions. Conventional stroke medications, including fibrinolytic agents, play a crucial role in facilitating reperfusion to the ischemic brain. However, their clinical efficacy is hampered by short plasma half-lives, limited brain tissue distribution attributed to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and lack of targeted drug delivery to the ischemic region. To address these challenges, diverse nanomedicine strategies, such as vesicular systems, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, exosomes, inorganic nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanoparticles, have emerged. These platforms enhance drug pharmacokinetics by facilitating targeted drug accumulation at the ischemic site. By leveraging nanocarriers, engineered drug delivery systems hold the potential to overcome challenges associated with conventional stroke medications. This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiological mechanism underlying stroke and BBB disruption in stroke. Additionally, this review investigates the utilization of nanocarriers for current therapeutic and diagnostic interventions in stroke management. By addressing these aspects, the review aims to provide insight into potential strategies for improving stroke treatment and diagnosis through a nanomedicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gajanan Balaji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Londhe Sachin Bhimrao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awesh K Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Zhang Q, Huang S, Liu X, Wang W, Zhu Z, Chen L. Innovations in Breaking Barriers: Liposomes as Near-Perfect Drug Carriers in Ischemic Stroke Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3715-3735. [PMID: 38681090 PMCID: PMC11046314 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s462194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liposomes, noted for their tunable particle size, surface customization, and varied drug delivery capacities, are increasingly acknowledged in therapeutic applications. These vesicles exhibit surface flexibility, enabling the incorporation of targeting moieties or peptides to achieve specific targeting and avoid lysosomal entrapment. Internally, their adaptable architecture permits the inclusion of a broad spectrum of drugs, contingent on their solubility characteristics. This study thoroughly reviews liposome fabrication, surface modifications, and drug release mechanisms post-systemic administration, with a particular emphasis on drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to address lesions. Additionally, the review delves into recent developments in the use of liposomes in ischemic stroke models, offering a comparative evaluation with other nanocarriers like exosomes and nano-micelles, thereby facilitating their clinical advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songze Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Bonechi C, Mahdizadeh FF, Talarico L, Pepi S, Tamasi G, Leone G, Consumi M, Donati A, Magnani A. Liposomal Encapsulation of Citicoline for Ocular Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16864. [PMID: 38069187 PMCID: PMC10706088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma represents a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by optic nerve damage and the slowly progressive death of retinal ganglion cells. Glaucoma is considered the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Pharmaceutical treatment of glaucoma is critical because of the properties of the ocular barrier that limit the penetration of drugs, resulting in lower systemic bioavailability. This behavior causes the need of frequent drug administration, which leads to deposition of concentrated solutions on the eye, causing toxic effects and cellular damage to the eye. To overcome these drawbacks, novel drug-delivery systems, such as liposomes, can play an important role in improving the therapeutic efficacy of antiglaucomatous drugs. In this work, liposomes were synthesized to improve various aspects, such as ocular barrier penetration, bioavailability, sustained release of the drug, targeting of the tissue, and reduction in intraocular pressure. Citicoline (CDP-choline; cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine) is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of cell membrane phospholipids, with neuroprotective and neuroenhancement properties, and it was used in the treatment on retinal function and neural conduction in the visual pathways of glaucoma patients. In this study, citicoline was loaded into the 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol liposomal carrier to enhance its therapeutic effect. The citicoline encapsulation efficiency, drug release, and size analysis of the different liposome systems were investigated using dynamic light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and ToF-SIMS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bonechi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fariba Fahmideh Mahdizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Luigi Talarico
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Simone Pepi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tamasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gemma Leone
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marco Consumi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Donati
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.B.); (F.F.M.); (L.T.); (S.P.); (G.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Li Z, Gong P, Zhang M, Li C, Xiao P, Yu M, Wang X, An L, Bi F, Song X, Wang X. Multi-parametric MRI assessment of melatonin regulating the polarization of microglia in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110807. [PMID: 37923146 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide comprehensive and valuable information for precise diagnosis and treatment evaluation of a number of diseases. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of melatonin (Mel) on a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) were assessed by multi-parametric MRI combined with histopathological techniques for longitudinal monitoring of the lesion microenvironment. METHODS Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: the Sham, CIRI and CIRI + Mel groups. At multiple time points after ischemia, MRI scanning was performed on a 7.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Multi-parametric MRI includes T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-MRI. CEST effects were calculated by the Lorentzian difference method, 3.5 ppm indicates amide protons of mobile proteins/peptide (Amide-CEST) and 2.0 ppm indicates amine protons (Guan-CEST). Multiple histopathological techniques were used to examine the histopathological changes and explore the therapeutic effects of Mel. RESULTS T2WI and DWI-MRI could localize the infarct foci and areas in CIRI rats, which was further validated by staining, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining. After Mel treatment, T2WI and DWI-MRI showed smaller infarct volume, and neurons displayed improved morphology with less apoptosis rates. Notably, Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST signal decreased as early as 2 h after CIRI (all P <0.001), reflecting the change of pH after ischemia. After Mel treatment, both Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST signal increased in ischemic cortex and striatum compared with control group (all P < 0.001). The immunofluorescence staining and western blotting analysis suggested the expression of M2 microglia increased after Mel treatment; While,after Mel treatment the inflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) decreased compared with control CIRI rats. CONCLUSIONS Multi-parametric MRI was shown to be an effective method to monitor the brain damage in a rat model of CIRI and assess the therapeutic effects of Mel treatment. Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST were especially sensitive to the changes in brain microenvironment during the early stage after CIRI. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of Mel treatment is associated with its promotion of the microglia polarized to M2 type in CIRI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mengbei Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Department of Radiology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peilun Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xizhen Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin An
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China.
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Han R, Lan X, Han Z, Ren H, Aafreen S, Wang W, Hou Z, Zhu T, Qian A, Han X, Koehler RC, Liu G. Improving outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage through microglia/macrophage-targeted IL-10 delivery with phosphatidylserine liposomes. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122277. [PMID: 37597297 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains the most lethal type of stroke, and effective clinical therapies that can speed up hematoma resolution after ICH are still lacking. While the beneficial effects of IL-10 on ICH recovery have been demonstrated, the clinical translation of IL-10 requires effective delivery methods by which sufficient IL-10 can be delivered to ICH-affected regions in the brain. Here we report the use of a phosphatidylserine (PS) liposome (PSL)-based nanoparticle system for microglia/macrophage-targeted delivery of IL-10 in ICH. We first prepared IL-10-conjugated PSL (PSL-IL10) and characterized their immunomodulating effects in vitro. Then we evaluated the therapeutic effects, including hematoma absorption, short-term outcomes, and neuroinflammation, of intranasally administered PSL-IL10 (3 μg IL-10 per mouse, 2 h post-ICH) in a collagenase-induced ICH mouse model. We also isolated microglia/macrophages from the mouse brains with ICH to analyze their morphology, phagocytosis ability, and polarization. Our study reveals that, 1) PSL-IL10 treatment resulted in significantly improved outcomes and accelerated hematoma resolution in the acute phase of ICH; 2) PSL-IL10 inhibited glial activation and down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production; 3) PSL-IL10 induced Iba1+ cells with a stronger phagocytosis ability; 4) PSL-IL10 activated STAT3 and upregulated CD36 expression in microglia/macrophage. These findings collectively show that PSL-IL10 is a promising nanotherapeutic for effectively ameliorating ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Zheng Han
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Health Systems Innovation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Safiya Aafreen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenshen Wang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhipeng Hou
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tianyue Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Łopuszyńska N, Węglarz WP. Contrasting Properties of Polymeric Nanocarriers for MRI-Guided Drug Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2163. [PMID: 37570481 PMCID: PMC10420849 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Poor pharmacokinetics and low aqueous solubility combined with rapid clearance from the circulation of drugs result in their limited effectiveness and generally high therapeutic doses. The use of nanocarriers for drug delivery can prevent the rapid degradation of the drug, leading to its increased half-life. It can also improve the solubility and stability of drugs, advance their distribution and targeting, ensure a sustained release, and reduce drug resistance by delivering multiple therapeutic agents simultaneously. Furthermore, nanotechnology enables the combination of therapeutics with biomedical imaging agents and other treatment modalities to overcome the challenges of disease diagnosis and therapy. Such an approach is referred to as "theranostics" and aims to offer a more patient-specific approach through the observation of the distribution of contrast agents that are linked to therapeutics. The purpose of this paper is to present the recent scientific reports on polymeric nanocarriers for MRI-guided drug delivery. Polymeric nanocarriers are a very broad and versatile group of materials for drug delivery, providing high loading capacities, improved pharmacokinetics, and biocompatibility. The main focus was on the contrasting properties of proposed polymeric nanocarriers, which can be categorized into three main groups: polymeric nanocarriers (1) with relaxation-type contrast agents, (2) with chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) properties, and (3) with direct detection contrast agents based on fluorinated compounds. The importance of this aspect tends to be downplayed, despite its being essential for the successful design of applicable theranostic nanocarriers for image-guided drug delivery. If available, cytotoxicity and therapeutic effects were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Łopuszyńska
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Cracow, Poland
| | - Władysław P. Węglarz
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Cracow, Poland
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Novorolsky RJ, Kasheke GDS, Hakim A, Foldvari M, Dorighello GG, Sekler I, Vuligonda V, Sanders ME, Renden RB, Wilson JJ, Robertson GS. Preserving and enhancing mitochondrial function after stroke to protect and repair the neurovascular unit: novel opportunities for nanoparticle-based drug delivery. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1226630. [PMID: 37484823 PMCID: PMC10360135 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1226630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of vascular cells, glia, and neurons that form the basic component of the blood brain barrier. This intricate structure rapidly adjusts cerebral blood flow to match the metabolic needs of brain activity. However, the NVU is exquisitely sensitive to damage and displays limited repair after a stroke. To effectively treat stroke, it is therefore considered crucial to both protect and repair the NVU. Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uptake supports NVU function by buffering Ca2+ and stimulating energy production. However, excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake causes toxic mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading that triggers numerous cell death pathways which destroy the NVU. Mitochondrial damage is one of the earliest pathological events in stroke. Drugs that preserve mitochondrial integrity and function should therefore confer profound NVU protection by blocking the initiation of numerous injury events. We have shown that mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and efflux in the brain are mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUcx) and sodium/Ca2+/lithium exchanger (NCLX), respectively. Moreover, our recent pharmacological studies have demonstrated that MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation suppress ischemic and excitotoxic neuronal cell death by blocking mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading. These findings suggest that combining MCUcx inhibition with NCLX activation should markedly protect the NVU. In terms of promoting NVU repair, nuclear hormone receptor activation is a promising approach. Retinoid X receptor (RXR) and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists activate complementary transcriptional programs that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, suppress inflammation, and enhance the production of new vascular cells, glia, and neurons. RXR and TR agonism should thus further improve the clinical benefits of MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation by increasing NVU repair. However, drugs that either inhibit the MCUcx, or stimulate the NCLX, or activate the RXR or TR, suffer from adverse effects caused by undesired actions on healthy tissues. To overcome this problem, we describe the use of nanoparticle drug formulations that preferentially target metabolically compromised and damaged NVUs after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. These nanoparticle-based approaches have the potential to improve clinical safety and efficacy by maximizing drug delivery to diseased NVUs and minimizing drug exposure in healthy brain and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn J. Novorolsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gracious D. S. Kasheke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Antoine Hakim
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Marianna Foldvari
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriel G. Dorighello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Israel
| | | | | | - Robert B. Renden
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - George S. Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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8
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Ohno Y, Yui M, Yamamoto K, Takenaka D, Koyama H, Nagata H, Ueda T, Ikeda H, Ozawa Y, Toyama H, Yoshikawa T. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI: Capability for Predicting Therapeutic Effect of Chemoradiotherapy on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:174-186. [PMID: 36971493 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amide proton transfer (APT) weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer CEST (APTw/CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been suggested as having the potential for assessing the therapeutic effect of brain tumors or rectal cancer. Moreover, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography by means of 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG-PET/CT) have been suggested as useful in same setting. PURPOSE To compare the capability of APTw/CEST imaging, DWI, and FDG-PET/CT for predicting therapeutic effect of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Eighty-four consecutive patients with Stage III NSCLC, 45 men (age range, 62-75 years; mean age, 71 years) and 39 women (age range, 57-75 years; mean age, 70 years). All patients were then divided into two groups (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] responders, consisting of the complete response and partial response groups, and RECIST non-responders, consisting of the stable disease and progressive disease groups). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T, echo planar imaging or fast advanced spin-echo (FASE) sequences for DWI and 2D half Fourier FASE sequences with magnetization transfer pulses for CEST imaging. ASSESSMENT Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym ) at 3.5 ppm, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax, ) on PET/CT were assessed by means of region of interest (ROI) measurements at primary tumor. STATISTICAL TESTS Kaplan-Meier method followed by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with multivariate analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) had significant difference between two groups. MTRasym at 3.5 ppm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70) and SUVmax (HR = 1.41) were identified as significant predictors for PFS. Tumor staging (HR = 0.57) was also significant predictors for OS. DATA CONCLUSION APTw/CEST imaging showed potential performance as DWI and FDG-PET/CT for predicting the therapeutic effect of CRT on stage III NSCLC patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masao Yui
- Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Takenaka
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Koyama
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagata
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ikeda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Toyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
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9
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Longo DL, Carella A, Corrado A, Pirotta E, Mohanta Z, Singh A, Stabinska J, Liu G, McMahon MT. A snapshot of the vast array of diamagnetic CEST MRI contrast agents. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4715. [PMID: 35187749 PMCID: PMC9724179 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of CEST MRI in the 1990s, a number of compounds have been identified as suitable for generating contrast, including paramagnetic lanthanide complexes, hyperpolarized atom cages and, most interesting, diamagnetic compounds. In the past two decades, there has been a major emphasis in this field on the identification and application of diamagnetic compounds that have suitable biosafety profiles for usage in medical applications. Even in the past five years there has been a tremendous growth in their numbers, with more and more emphasis being placed on finding those that can be ultimately used for patient studies on clinical 3 T scanners. At this point, a number of endogenous compounds present in tissue have been identified, and also natural and synthetic organic compounds that can be administered to highlight pathology via CEST imaging. Here we will provide a very extensive snapshot of the types of diamagnetic compound that can generate CEST MRI contrast, together with guidance on their utility on typical preclinical and clinical scanners and a review of the applications that might benefit the most from this new technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Corrado
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Pirotta
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Zinia Mohanta
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aruna Singh
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia Stabinska
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guanshu Liu
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael T. McMahon
- F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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10
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Wu T, Liu C, Thamizhchelvan AM, Fleischer C, Peng X, Liu G, Mao H. Label-Free Chemically and Molecularly Selective Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:121-139. [PMID: 37235188 PMCID: PMC10207347 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical imaging, especially molecular imaging, has been a driving force in scientific discovery, technological innovation, and precision medicine in the past two decades. While substantial advances and discoveries in chemical biology have been made to develop molecular imaging probes and tracers, translating these exogenous agents to clinical application in precision medicine is a major challenge. Among the clinically accepted imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) exemplify the most effective and robust biomedical imaging tools. Both MRI and MRS enable a broad range of chemical, biological and clinical applications from determining molecular structures in biochemical analysis to imaging diagnosis and characterization of many diseases and image-guided interventions. Using chemical, biological, and nuclear magnetic resonance properties of specific endogenous metabolites and native MRI contrast-enhancing biomolecules, label-free molecular and cellular imaging with MRI can be achieved in biomedical research and clinical management of patients with various diseases. This review article outlines the chemical and biological bases of several label-free chemically and molecularly selective MRI and MRS methods that have been applied in imaging biomarker discovery, preclinical investigation, and image-guided clinical management. Examples are provided to demonstrate strategies for using endogenous probes to report the molecular, metabolic, physiological, and functional events and processes in living systems, including patients. Future perspectives on label-free molecular MRI and its challenges as well as potential solutions, including the use of rational design and engineered approaches to develop chemical and biological imaging probes to facilitate or combine with label-free molecular MRI, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Wu
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Claire Liu
- F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Anbu Mozhi Thamizhchelvan
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Candace Fleischer
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Xingui Peng
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of
Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School
of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Guanshu Liu
- F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Russell
H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hui Mao
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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11
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Bo S, Zhang D, Ma M, Mo X, Stabinska J, McMahon MT, Shi C, Luo L. Acyl Hydrazides and Acyl Hydrazones as High-Performance Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI Contrast Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050639. [PMID: 37242423 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a versatile molecular imaging approach that holds great promise for clinical translation. A number of compounds have been identified as suitable for performing CEST MRI, including paramagnetic CEST (paraCEST) agents and diamagnetic CEST (diaCEST) agents. DiaCEST agents are very attractive because of their excellent biocompatibility and potential for biodegradation, such as glucose, glycogen, glutamate, creatine, nucleic acids, et al. However, the sensitivity of most diaCEST agents is limited because of small chemical shifts (1.0-4.0 ppm) from water. To expand the catalog of diaCEST agents with larger chemical shifts, herein, we have systematically investigated the CEST properties of acyl hydrazides with different substitutions, including aromatic and aliphatic substituents. We have tuned the labile proton chemical shifts from 2.8-5.0 ppm from water while exchange rates varied from ~680 to 2340 s-1 at pH 7.2, which allows strong CEST contrast on scanners down to B0 = 3 T. One acyl hydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH), was tested on a mouse model of breast cancer and showed nice contrast in the tumor region. We also prepared a derivative, acyl hydrazone, which showed the furthest shifted labile proton (6.4 ppm from water) and excellent contrast properties. Overall, our study expands the catalog of diaCEST agents and their application in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Bo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengjie Ma
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xukai Mo
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Julia Stabinska
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael T McMahon
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510317, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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12
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Toljan K, Ashok A, Labhasetwar V, Hussain MS. Nanotechnology in Stroke: New Trails with Smaller Scales. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030780. [PMID: 36979759 PMCID: PMC10045028 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death, long-term disability, and socioeconomic costs, highlighting the urgent need for effective treatment. During acute phase, intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a thrombolytic agent, and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), a mechanical intervention to retrieve clots, are the only FDA-approved treatments to re-establish cerebral blood flow. Due to a short therapeutic time window and high potential risk of cerebral hemorrhage, a limited number of acute stroke patients benefit from tPA treatment. EVT can be performed within an extended time window, but such intervention is performed only in patients with occlusion in a larger, anatomically more proximal vasculature and is carried out at specialty centers. Regardless of the method, in case of successful recanalization, ischemia-reperfusion injury represents an additional challenge. Further, tPA disrupts the blood-brain barrier integrity and is neurotoxic, aggravating reperfusion injury. Nanoparticle-based approaches have the potential to circumvent some of the above issues and develop a thrombolytic agent that can be administered safely beyond the time window for tPA treatment. Different attributes of nanoparticles are also being explored to develop a multifunctional thrombolytic agent that, in addition to a thrombolytic agent, can contain therapeutics such as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuro/vasoprotective, or imaging agent, i.e., a theragnostic agent. The focus of this review is to highlight these advances as they relate to cerebrovascular conditions to improve clinical outcomes in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlo Toljan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Anushruti Ashok
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Vinod Labhasetwar
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence: (V.L.); (M.S.H.)
| | - M. Shazam Hussain
- Cerebrovascular Center, Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence: (V.L.); (M.S.H.)
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13
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Zhang L, Xu C, Li Z, Sun J, Wang X, Hou B, Zhao Y. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantification of transient ischemia using a combination method of 5-pool Lorentzian fitting and inverse Z-spectrum analysis. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:1860-1873. [PMID: 36915363 PMCID: PMC10006163 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a promising method for the detection of biochemical alterations in cancers and neurological diseases. However, the sensitivity of the currently existing quantitative method for detecting ischemia needs further improvement. Methods To further improve the quantification of the CEST signal and enhance the CEST detection for ischemia, we used a quantitative analysis method that combines an inverse Z-spectrum analysis and a 5-pool Lorentzian fitting. Specifically, a 5-pool Lorentzian simulation was conducted with the following brain tissue parameters: water, amide (3.5 ppm), amine (2.2 ppm), magnetization transfer (MT), and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE; -3.5 ppm). The parameters were first calculated offline and stored as the initial value of the Z-spectrum fitting. Then, the measured Z-spectrum with the peak value set to 0 was fitted via the stored initial value, which yielded the reference Z-spectrum. Finally, the difference between the inverse of the Z-spectrum and the inverse of the reference Z-spectrum was used as the CEST definite spectrum. Results The simulation results demonstrated that the Z-spectra of the rat brain were well simulated by a 5-pool Lorentzian fitting. Further, the proposed method detected a larger difference than did either the saturation transfer difference or the 5-pool Lorentzian fitting, as demonstrated by simulations. According to the results of the cerebral ischemia rat model, the proposed method provided the highest contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the contralateral and the ipsilateral striatum under various acquisition conditions. The results indicated that the difference of fitted amplitudes generated with a 5-pool Lorentzian fitting in amide at 3.5 ppm (6.04%±0.39%; 6.86%±0.39%) was decreased in a stroke lesion compared to the contralateral normal tissue. Moreover, the difference of the residual of inversed Z-spectra in which 5-pool Lorentzian fitting was used to calculate the reference Z-spectra ( M T R R e x 5 L ) amplitudes in amide at 3.5 ppm (13.83%±2.20%, 15.69%±1.99%) was reduced in a stroke lesion compared to the contralateral normal tissue. Conclusions M T R R e x 5 L is predominantly pH-sensitive and is suitable for detecting tissue acidosis following an acute stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Chongxin Xu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junding Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Beibei Hou
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yingcheng Zhao
- Xi'an Key Lab of Radiomics and Intelligent Perception, School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Chen Y, Dang X, Hu W, Sun Y, Bai Y, Wang X, He X, Wang M, Song X. Reassembled saturation transfer (REST) MR images at 2 B 1 values for in vivo exchange-dependent imaging of amide and nuclear Overhauser enhancement. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:620-635. [PMID: 36253943 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Design an efficient CEST scheme for exchange-dependent images with high contrast-to-noise ratio. THEORY Reassembled saturation transfer (REST) signals were defined as Δ $$ \Delta $$ r.Z = r.Zref - r.ZCEST and the reassembled exchange-dependen magnetization transfer ratio r.MTRRex = r.1/Zref - r.1/ZCEST , utilizing the averages over loosely sampled reference frequency offsets as Zref and over densely sampled target offsets as ZCEST . Using r.MTRRex measured under 2 B1,sat values, exchange rate could be estimated. METHODS The REST approach was optimized and assessed quantitatively by simulations for various exchange rates, pool concentration, and water T1 . In vivo evaluation was performed on ischemic rat brains at 7 Tesla and human brains at 3 Tesla, in comparison with conventional asymmetrical analysis, Lorentzian difference (LD), an MTRRex_ LD. RESULTS For a broad choice of Δ ω ref $$ \Delta {\omega}_{ref} $$ ranges and numbers, Δr.Z and r.MTRRex exhibited comparable quantification features with conventional LD and MTRRex _LD, respectively, when B1,sat ≤ 1 μT. The subtraction of 2 REST values under distinct B1,sat values showed linear relationships with exchange rate and obtained immunity to field inhomogeneity and variation in MT and water T1 . For both rat and human studies, REST images exhibited similar contrast distribution to MTRRex _LD, with superiority in contrast-to-noise ratio and acquisition efficiency. Compared with MTRRex _LD, 2-B1,sat subtraction REST images displayed better resistance to B1 inhomogeneity, with more specific enhanced regions. They also showed higher signals for amide than for nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in human brain, presumably reflecting the higher increment from faster-exchanging species as B1,sat increased. CONCLUSION Featuring high contrast-to-noise ratio efficiency, REST could be a practical exchange-dependent approach readily applicable to either retrospective Z-spectra analysis or perspective 6-offset acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Chen
- School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujian Dang
- School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanting Hu
- School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaozong Sun
- School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei He
- School of Information Sciences and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Liu G, Ling J, He L, Xu Y, Chen T, Shi C, Luo L. Theranostic Cancer Treatment Using Lentinan-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles and Label-Free CEST MRI. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010120. [PMID: 36678748 PMCID: PMC9864256 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticle (SeNP)-based nanotherapeutics have become an emerging cancer therapy, while effective drug delivery remains a technical hurdle. A theranostic approach, through which imaging companions are integrated with SeNPs, will allow image-guided drug delivery and, therefore, is highly desirable. Traditional methods require the chemical conjugation of imaging agents to the surface of nanoparticles, which may impede the later clinical translation. In this study, we developed a label-free strategy in which lentinan-functionalized SeNPs (LNT-SeNPs) are detected using MRI by the hydroxyl protons carried on LNT molecules. The in vitro phantom study showed that LNT and LNT-SeNPs have a strong CEST signal at 1.0 ppm apart from the water resonance, suggesting an in vivo detectability in the µM concentration range. Demonstrated on CT26 colon tumor cells, LNT-SeNPs exert a strong anticancer effect (IC50 = 4.8 μM), prominently attributed to the ability to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species. However, when testing in a mouse model of CT26 tumors, administration of LNT-SeNPs alone was found unable to deliver sufficient drugs to the tumor, leading to poor treatment responses. To improve the drug delivery, we co-injected LNT-SeNPs and TNF-α, a previously reported drug that could effectively damage the endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature, thereby increasing drug delivery to the tumor. Our results revealed a 75% increase in the intratumoral CEST MRI signal, indicating a markedly increased delivery efficiency of LNT-SeNPs when combined with TNF-α. The combination therapy also resulted in a significantly enhanced treatment outcome, as revealed by the tumor growth study. Taken together, our study demonstrates the first label-free, SeNP-based theranostic system, in which LNT was used for both functional surface coating and CEST MRI signal generating. Such a theranostic LNT-SeNP system is advantageous because it requires chemical labeling and, therefore, has high biocompatibility and low translatable barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanfu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiabao Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lizhen He
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (C.S.); Tel.: +86-022-85223393 (T.C.); +86-020-38688848 (C.S.)
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (C.S.); Tel.: +86-022-85223393 (T.C.); +86-020-38688848 (C.S.)
| | - Liangping Luo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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16
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Secades JJ, Gareri P. Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2022 update. Rev Neurol 2022; 75:S1-S89. [PMID: 36544369 PMCID: PMC10548481 DOI: 10.33588/rn.75s05.2022311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review is based on the previous one published in 2016 (Secades JJ. Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2016 update. Rev Neurol 2016; 63 (Supl 3): S1-S73), incorporating 176 new references, having all the information available in the same document to facilitate the access to the information in one document. This review is focused on the main indications of the drug, as acute stroke and its sequelae, including the cognitive impairment, and traumatic brain injury and its sequelae. There are retrieved the most important experimental and clinical data in both indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio J. Secades
- Medical Department. Grupo Ferrer, S.A.
Barcelona, SpainMedical DepartmentGrupo Ferrer, S.A.BarcelonaSpain
| | - Pietro Gareri
- Center for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia -
Catanzaro Lido. ASP Catanzaro. Catanzaro, ItalyCenter for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia -
Catanzaro LidoCenter for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia -
Catanzaro LidoCatanzaroItaly
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17
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Kilbride BF, Narsinh KH, Jordan CD, Mueller K, Moore T, Martin AJ, Wilson MW, Hetts SW. MRI-guided endovascular intervention: current methods and future potential. Expert Rev Med Devices 2022; 19:763-778. [PMID: 36373162 PMCID: PMC9869980 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2022.2141110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Image-guided endovascular interventions, performed using the insertion and navigation of catheters through the vasculature, have been increasing in number over the years, as minimally invasive procedures continue to replace invasive surgical procedures. Such endovascular interventions are almost exclusively performed under x-ray fluoroscopy, which has the best spatial and temporal resolution of all clinical imaging modalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers unique advantages and could be an attractive alternative to conventional x-ray guidance, but also brings with it distinctive challenges. AREAS COVERED In this review, the benefits and limitations of MRI-guided endovascular interventions are addressed, systems and devices for guiding such interventions are summarized, and clinical applications are discussed. EXPERT OPINION MRI-guided endovascular interventions are still relatively new to the interventional radiology field, since significant technical hurdles remain to justify significant costs and demonstrate safety, design, and robustness. Clinical applications of MRI-guided interventions are promising but their full potential may not be realized until proper tools designed to function in the MRI environment are available. Translational research and further preclinical studies are needed before MRI-guided interventions will be practical in a clinical interventional setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget F. Kilbride
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kazim H. Narsinh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Teri Moore
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alastair J. Martin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark W. Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven W. Hetts
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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18
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In vivo tracking of unlabelled mesenchymal stromal cells by mannose-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:658-666. [PMID: 35132228 PMCID: PMC9425291 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tracking of the in vivo biodistribution of transplanted human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) relies on reporter genes or on the addition of exogenous imaging agents. However, reporter genes and exogenous labels may require bespoke manufacturing and regulatory processes if used in cell therapies, and the labels may alter the cells' properties and are diluted on cellular division. Here we show that high-mannose N-linked glycans, which are abundantly expressed on the surface of hMSCs, can serve as a biomarker for the label-free tracking of transplanted hMSCs by mannose-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For live mice with luciferase-transfected hMSCs transplanted into their brains, post-mortem fluorescence staining with a mannose-specific lectin showed that increases in the CEST MRI signal, which correlated well with the bioluminescence intensity of viable hMSCs for 14 days, corresponded to the presence of mannose. In vitro, osteogenically differentiated hMSCs led to lower CEST MRI signal intensities owing to the concomitantly reduced expression of mannose. The label-free imaging of hMSCs may facilitate the development and testing of cell therapies.
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19
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Zhang Z, Zhou F, Davies G, Williams GR. Theranostics for MRI‐guided therapy: Recent developments. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- UCL School of Pharmacy University College London London UK
- UCL Department of Chemistry University College London London UK
| | - Feng‐Lei Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London UK
- College of Textiles and Clothing Qingdao University Qingdao PR China
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20
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Mihailovic JM, Huang Y, Walsh JJ, Khan MH, Mishra SK, Samuels S, Hyder F, Coman D. High-resolution pH imaging using ratiometric chemical exchange saturation transfer combined with biosensor imaging of redundant deviation in shifts featuring paramagnetic DOTA-tetraglycinate agents. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4658. [PMID: 34837412 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and biosensor imaging of redundant deviation in shifts (BIRDS) methods differ respectively by detecting exchangeable and nonexchangeable proton signals by magnetic resonance. Because CEST contrast depends on both temperature and pH, simultaneous CEST and BIRDS imaging can be employed to separate these contributions. Here, we test if high-resolution pH imaging in vivo is possible with ratiometric CEST calibrated for temperature variations measured by BIRDS. Thulium- and europium-based DOTA-tetraglycinate agents, TmDOTA-(gly)4- and EuDOTA-(gly)4- , were used for high-resolution pH mapping in vitro and in vivo, using BIRDS for temperature adjustments needed for a more accurate ratiometric CEST approach. Although neither agent showed pH dependence with BIRDS in vitro in the pH range 6 to 8, each one's temperature sensitivity was enhanced when mixed because of increased redundancy. By contrast, the CEST signal of each agent was affected by the presence of the other agent in vitro. However, pH could be measured more accurately when temperature from BIRDS was detected. These in vitro calibrations with TmDOTA-(gly)4- and EuDOTA-(gly)4- enabled high-resolution pH imaging of glioblastoma in rat brains. It was concluded that temperature mapping with BIRDS can calibrate the ratiometric CEST signal from a cocktail of TmDOTA-(gly)4- and EuDOTA-(gly)4- agents to provide temperature-independent absolute pH imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Mihailovic
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuegao Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - John J Walsh
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Muhammad H Khan
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sandeep K Mishra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sara Samuels
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniel Coman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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21
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Advanced drug delivery system against ischemic stroke. J Control Release 2022; 344:173-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Fukuta T, Oku N, Kogure K. Application and Utility of Liposomal Neuroprotective Agents and Biomimetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020361. [PMID: 35214092 PMCID: PMC8877231 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is still one of the leading causes of high mortality and severe disability worldwide. Therapeutic options for ischemic stroke and subsequent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remain limited due to challenges associated with drug permeability through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Neuroprotectant delivery with nanoparticles, including liposomes, offers a promising solution to address this problem, as BBB disruption following ischemic stroke allows nanoparticles to pass through the intercellular gaps between endothelial cells. To ameliorate ischemic brain damage, a number of nanotherapeutics encapsulating neuroprotective agents, as well as surface-modified nanoparticles with specific ligands targeting the injured brain regions, have been developed. Combination therapy with nanoparticles encapsulating neuroprotectants and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), a globally approved thrombolytic agent, has been demonstrated to extend the narrow therapeutic time window of t-PA. In addition, the design of biomimetic drug delivery systems (DDS) employing circulating cells (e.g., leukocytes, platelets) with unique properties has recently been investigated to overcome the injured BBB, utilizing these cells’ inherent capability to penetrate the ischemic brain. Herein, we review recent findings on the application and utility of nanoparticle DDS, particularly liposomes, and various approaches to developing biomimetic DDS functionalized with cellular membranes/membrane proteins for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Fukuta
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Naoto Oku
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kogure
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi 1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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23
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Cheng Y, Cheng A, Jia Y, Yang L, Ning Y, Xu L, Zhong Y, Zhuang Z, Guan J, Zhang X, Lin Y, Zhou T, Fan X, Li J, Liu P, Yan G, Wu R. pH-Responsive Multifunctional Theranostic Rapamycin-Loaded Nanoparticles for Imaging and Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56909-56922. [PMID: 34807583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and the most common cause of severe disability. Several barriers need to be addressed more effectively to treat stroke, including efficient delivery of therapeutic agents, rapid release at the infarct site, precise imaging of the infarct site, and drug distribution monitoring. The present study aimed to develop a bio-responsive theranostic nanoplatform with signal-amplifying capability to deliver rapamycin (RAPA) to ischemic brain tissues and visually monitor drug distribution. A pH-sensitive theranostic RAPA-loaded nanoparticle system was designed since ischemic tissues have a low-pH microenvironment compared with normal tissues. The nanoparticles demonstrated good stability and biocompatibility and could efficiently load rapamycin, followed by its rapid release in acidic environments, thereby improving therapeutic accuracy. The nano-drug-delivery system also exhibited acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging signal properties, enabling accurate multimodal imaging with minimal background noise, thus improving drug tracing and diagnostic accuracy. Finally, in vivo experiments confirmed that the nanoparticles preferentially aggregated in the ischemic hemisphere and exerted a neuroprotective effect in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). These pH-sensitive multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles could serve as a potential nanoplatform for drug tracing as well as the treatment and even diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. Moreover, they could be a universal solution to achieve accurate in vivo imaging and treatment of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Airong Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Chengwu County People's Hospital, Chengwu 274200, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- Department of Radiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei 441021, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of TCM, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yazhi Zhong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zerui Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jitian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiusong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwu Li
- Transfusion Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Gen Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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24
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Wang J, Zhang B, Sun J, Hu W, Wang H. Recent advances in porous nanostructures for cancer theranostics. NANO TODAY 2021; 38:101146. [PMID: 33897805 PMCID: PMC8059603 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous nanomaterials with high surface area, tunable porosity, and large mesopores have recently received particular attention in cancer therapy and imaging. Introduction of additional pores to nanostructures not only endows the tunability of optoelectronic and optical features optimal for tumor treatment, but also modulates the loading capacity and controlled release of therapeutic agents. In recognition, increasing efforts have been made to fabricate various porous nanomaterials and explore their potentials in oncology applications. Thus, a systematic and comprehensive summary is necessary to overview the recent progress, especially in last ten years, on the development of various mesoporous nanomaterials for cancer treatment as theranostic agents. While outlining their individual synthetic mechanisms after a brief introduction of the structures and properties of porous nanomaterials, the current review highlighted the representative applications of three main categories of porous nanostructures (organic, inorganic, and organic-inorganic nanomaterials). In each category, the synthesis, representative examples, and interactions with tumors were further detailed. The review was concluded with deliberations on the key challenges and future outlooks of porous nanostructures in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, 300401, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Beilu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
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25
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Ailuno G, Zuccari G, Baldassari S, Lai F, Caviglioli G. Anti-Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Nanosystems: A Promising Strategy Against Inflammatory Based Diseases. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:2793-2807. [PMID: 33653444 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation underlays the onset and supports the development of several worldwide diffused pathologies, therefore in the last decades inflammatory markers have attracted a great deal of interest as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Adhesion molecules are membrane proteins expressed by endotheliocytes and leukocytes, acting as mediators in the process of tethering, rolling, firm adhesion and diapedesis that leads the immune cells to reach an inflamed tissue. Among them, the adhesion molecule VCAM-1 has been investigated as a potential target because of its low constitutive expression and easy accessibility on the endothelium. Moreover, VCAM-1 is involved in the early stages of development of several pathologies like, among others, atherosclerosis, cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, so a diagnostic or therapeutic tool directed to this protein would allow specific detection and efficacious intervention. The availability of monoclonal antibodies against VCAM-1 has recently fostered the development of various targeting technologies potentially suitable for imaging and drug delivery in VCAM-1 overexpressing pathologies. In this review we initially focus on the structure and functions of VCAM-1, giving also a brief overview of antibodies origin, structure and function; then, we summarize some of the VCAM-1 targeting nanosystems based on antibodies, gathered according to the carrier used, for diagnosis or therapeutic treatment of different inflammatory based pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Lai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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26
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Mamoune KE, Barantin L, Adriaensen H, Tillet Y. Application of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) in neuroimaging. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 114:101944. [PMID: 33716103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since the early eighties MRI has become the most powerful technic for in-vivo imaging particularly in the field of brain research. This non-invasive method allows acute anatomical observations of the living brain similar to post-mortem dissected tissues. However, one of the main limitation of MRI is that it does not make possible the neurochemical identification of the tissues conversely to positron emission tomography scanner which can provide a specific molecular characterization of tissue, in spite of poor anatomical definition. To gain neurochemical information using MRI, new categories of contrast agents were developed from the beginning of the 2000's, particularly using the chemical-exchange saturation transfer (CEST) method. This method induces a significant change in the magnitude of the water proton signal and allows the detection of specific molecules within the tissues like sugars, amino acids, transmitters, and nucleosides. This short review presents several CEST contrast agents and their recent developments for in vivo detection of metabolites and neurotransmitters in the brain for research and clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahina El Mamoune
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 085 INRAE, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, 37380 Nouzilly, France; Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint Denis, France; SFR FED 4226, Université de Tours, 2 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Laurent Barantin
- iBrain, UMR 1253 INSERM, Université de Tours, 10 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France; SFR FED 4226, Université de Tours, 2 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Hans Adriaensen
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 085 INRAE, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, 37380 Nouzilly, France; CIRE UMR 085 INRAE, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, 37380 Nouzilly, France; SFR FED 4226, Université de Tours, 2 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Yves Tillet
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 085 INRAE, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, 37380 Nouzilly, France; SFR FED 4226, Université de Tours, 2 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France.
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27
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Abstract
Mounting evidence shows the great promise of nanoparticle drug delivery systems (nano-DDSs) to improve delivery efficiency and reduce off-target adverse effects. By tracking drug delivery and distribution, monitoring nanoparticle degradation and drug release, aiding and optimizing treatment planning, and directing the design of more robust nano-DDSs, image guidance has become a vital component of nanomedicine. Recently, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an attempting imaging method for achieving image-guided drug delivery. One of the unbeatable advantages of CEST MRI is its ability to detect diamagnetic compounds that cannot be detected using conventional MRI methods, making a broad spectrum of bioorganic agents, natural compounds, even nano-carriers directly MRI detectable in a high-spatial-resolution manner. To date, CEST MRI has become a versatile and powerful imaging technology for non-invasive in vivo tracking of nanoparticles and their loaded drugs. In this review, we will provide a concise overview of different forms of recently developed, CEST MRI trackable nano-DDSs, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, self-assembled drug-based nanoparticles, and carbon dots. The potential applications and future perspectives will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Han
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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28
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Perrelli A, Fatehbasharzad P, Benedetti V, Ferraris C, Fontanella M, De Luca E, Moglianetti M, Battaglia L, Retta SF. Towards precision nanomedicine for cerebrovascular diseases with emphasis on Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM). Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:849-876. [PMID: 33406376 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1873273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cerebrovascular diseases encompass various disorders of the brain vasculature, such as ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes, aneurysms, and vascular malformations, also affecting the central nervous system leading to a large variety of transient or permanent neurological disorders. They represent major causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, and some of them can be inherited, including Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM), an autosomal dominant cerebrovascular disease linked to mutations in CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2, or CCM3/PDCD10 genes.Areas covered: Besides marked clinical and etiological heterogeneity, some commonalities are emerging among distinct cerebrovascular diseases, including key pathogenetic roles of oxidative stress and inflammation, which are increasingly recognized as major disease hallmarks and therapeutic targets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the different clinical features and common pathogenetic determinants of cerebrovascular diseases, highlighting major challenges, including the pressing need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, and focusing on emerging innovative features and promising benefits of nanomedicine strategies for early detection and targeted treatment of such diseases.Expert opinion: Specifically, we describe and discuss the multiple physico-chemical features and unique biological advantages of nanosystems, including nanodiagnostics, nanotherapeutics, and nanotheranostics, that may help improving diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases and neurological comorbidities, with an emphasis on CCM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy.,CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy
| | - Parisa Fatehbasharzad
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy.,CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy
| | - Valerio Benedetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy.,CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Ferraris
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Fontanella
- CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa De Luca
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy.,Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Moglianetti
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy.,Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy.,CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino Italy
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29
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Liu G, van Zijl PC. CEST (Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer) MR Molecular Imaging. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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30
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Prinz C, Starke L, Millward JM, Fillmer A, Delgado PR, Waiczies H, Pohlmann A, Rothe M, Nazaré M, Paul F, Niendorf T, Waiczies S. In vivo detection of teriflunomide-derived fluorine signal during neuroinflammation using fluorine MR spectroscopy. Theranostics 2021; 11:2490-2504. [PMID: 33456555 PMCID: PMC7806491 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indispensable for diagnosing neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI also supports decisions regarding the choice of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs). Determining in vivo tissue concentrations of DMDs has the potential to become an essential clinical tool for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The aim here was to examine the feasibility of fluorine-19 (19F) MR methods to detect the fluorinated DMD teriflunomide (TF) during normal and pathological conditions. Methods: We used 19F MR spectroscopy to detect TF in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) in vivo. Prior to the in vivo investigations we characterized the MR properties of TF in vitro. We studied the impact of pH and protein binding as well as MR contrast agents. Results: We could detect TF in vivo and could follow the 19F MR signal over different time points of disease. We quantified TF concentrations in different tissues using HPLC/MS and showed a significant correlation between ex vivo TF levels in serum and the ex vivo19F MR signal. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of 19F MR methods to detect TF during neuroinflammation in vivo. It also highlights the need for further technological developments in this field. The ultimate goal is to add 19F MR protocols to conventional 1H MRI protocols in clinical practice to guide therapy decisions.
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31
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Repurposing Clinical Agents for Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 14:ph14010011. [PMID: 33374213 PMCID: PMC7824058 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging is becoming an indispensable tool to pursue precision medicine. However, quickly translating newly developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents into clinical use remains a formidable challenge. Recently, Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI is emerging as an attractive approach with the capability of directly using low concentration, exchangeable protons-containing agents for generating quantitative MRI contrast. The ability to utilize diamagnetic compounds has been extensively exploited to detect many clinical compounds, such as FDA approved drugs, X-ray/CT contrast agents, nutrients, supplements, and biopolymers. The ability to directly off-label use clinical compounds permits CEST MRI to be rapidly translated to clinical settings. In this review, the current status of CEST MRI based on clinically available compounds will be briefly introduced. The advancements and limitations of these studies are reviewed in the context of their pre-clinical or clinical applications. Finally, future directions will be briefly discussed.
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32
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Gao Y, Chu C, Jablonska A, Bulte JWM, Walczak P, Janowski M. Imaging as a tool to accelerate the translation of extracellular vesicle-based therapies for central nervous system diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1688. [PMID: 33336512 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural and diverse lipid bilayer-enclosed particles originating from various cellular components and containing an abundance of cargoes. Due to their unique properties, EVs have gained considerable interest as therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases, including central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Their therapeutic value depends on cell origin but can be further enhanced by enrichment of cargo when used as drug carriers. Therefore, there has been significant effort directed toward introducing them to clinical practice. However, it is essential to avoid the failures we have seen with whole-cell therapy, in particular for the treatment of the CNS. Successful launching of clinical studies is contingent upon the understanding of the biodistribution of EVs, including their uptake and clearance from organs and specific homing into the region of interest. A multitude of noninvasive imaging methods has been explored in vitro to investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of EVs administered in vivo. However, only a few studies have been performed to track the delivery of EVs, especially delivery to the brain, which is the most therapeutically challenging organ. We focus here on the use of advanced imaging techniques as an essential tool to facilitate the acceleration of clinical translation of EV-based therapeutics, especially in the CNS arena. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chengyan Chu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna Jablonska
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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33
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Abstract
Ischemic stroke, which is caused by a sudden clot in the blood vessels, may cause severe brain tissue damage and has become a leading cause of death globally. Currently, thrombolysis is the gold standard primary treatment of ischemic stroke in clinics. However, the short therapeutic window of opportunity limits thrombolysis utility. Secondary cerebral damage caused by stroke is also an urgent problem. In this review, we discuss the present methods of treating ischemic stroke in clinics and their limitations. Various new drug delivery strategies targeting ischemic stroke lesions have also been summarized, including pharmaceutical methods, diagnostic approaches and other routes. These strategies could change the pharmacokinetic behavior, improve targeted delivery or minimize side effects. A better understanding of the novel approaches utilized to facilitate drug delivery in ischemic stroke would improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Rong Yan
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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Cai X, Zhang J, Lu J, Yi L, Han Z, Zhang S, Yang X, Liu G. N-Aryl Amides as Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Chemistry 2020; 26:11705-11709. [PMID: 32639618 PMCID: PMC10186200 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI has recently emerged as a versatile molecular imaging approach in which diamagnetic compounds can be utilized to generate an MRI signal. To expand the scope of CEST MRI applications, herein, we systematically investigated the CEST properties of N-aryl amides with different N-aromatic substitution, revealing their chemical shifts (4.6-5.8 ppm) and exchange rates (up to thousands s-1 ) are favorable to be used as CEST agents as compared to alkyl amides. As the first proof-of-concept study, we used CEST MRI to detect the enzymatic metabolism of the drug acebutolol directly by its intrinsic CEST signal without any chemical labeling. Our study implies that N-aryl amides may enable the label-free CEST MRI detection of the metabolism of many N-aryl amide-containing drugs and a variety of enzymes that act on N-aryl amides, greatly expanding the scope of CEST MR molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekang Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| | - Long Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Han
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Shuixing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guandong, P. R. China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
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Guo C, Wu J, Rosenberg JT, Roussel T, Cai S, Cai C. Fast chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging based on PROPELLER acquisition and deep neural network reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:3192-3205. [PMID: 32602965 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a method for fast chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging. METHODS The periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) sampling scheme was introduced to shorten the acquisition time. Deep neural network was employed to reconstruct CEST contrast images. Numerical simulation and experiments on a creatine phantom, hen egg, and in vivo tumor rat brain were performed to test the feasibility of this method. RESULTS The results from numerical simulation and experiments show that there is no significant difference between reference images and CEST-PROPELLER reconstructed images under an acceleration factor of 8. CONCLUSION Although the deep neural network is trained entirely on synthesized data, it works well on reconstructing experimental data. The proof of concept study demonstrates that the combination of the PROPELLER sampling scheme and the deep neural network enables considerable acceleration of saturated image acquisition and may find applications in CEST MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Guo
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jens T Rosenberg
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Tangi Roussel
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Congbo Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Jia Y, Geng K, Cheng Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Wu R. Nanomedicine Particles Associated With Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Contrast Agents in Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:326. [PMID: 32391334 PMCID: PMC7189014 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic agents are particles containing both diagnostic and medicinal agents in a single platform. Theranostic approaches often employ nanomedicine because loading both imaging probes and medicinal drugs onto nanomedicine particles is relatively straightforward, which can simultaneously provide diagnostic and medicinal capabilities within a single agent. Such systems have recently been described as nanotheranostic. Currently, nanotheranostic particles incorporating medicinal drugs are being widely explored with multiple imaging methods, including computed tomography, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fluorescence imaging. However, most of these particles are metal-based multifunctional nanotheranostic agents, which pose potential toxicity or radiation risks. Hence, alternative non-metallic and biocompatible nanotheranostic agents are urgently needed. Recently, nanotheranostic agents that combine medicinal drugs and chemical exchange saturated transfer (CEST) contrast agents have shown good promise because CEST imaging technology can utilize the frequency-selective radiofrequency pulse from exchangeable protons to indirectly image without requiring metals or radioactive agents. In this review, we mainly describe the fundamental principles of CEST imaging, features of nanomedicine particles, potential applications of nanotheranostic agents, and the opportunities and challenges associated with clinical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Jia
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kuan Geng
- Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Honghe Prefecture, Mengzi, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Selective targeting of nanomedicine to inflamed cerebral vasculature to enhance the blood-brain barrier. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3405-3414. [PMID: 32005712 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912012117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug targeting to inflammatory brain pathologies such as stroke and traumatic brain injury remains an elusive goal. Using a mouse model of acute brain inflammation induced by local tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), we found that uptake of intravenously injected antibody to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (anti-VCAM) in the inflamed brain is >10-fold greater than antibodies to transferrin receptor-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (TfR-1 and ICAM-1). Furthermore, uptake of anti-VCAM/liposomes exceeded that of anti-TfR and anti-ICAM counterparts by ∼27- and ∼8-fold, respectively, achieving brain/blood ratio >300-fold higher than that of immunoglobulin G/liposomes. Single-photon emission computed tomography imaging affirmed specific anti-VCAM/liposome targeting to inflamed brain in mice. Intravital microscopy via cranial window and flow cytometry showed that in the inflamed brain anti-VCAM/liposomes bind to endothelium, not to leukocytes. Anti-VCAM/LNP selectively accumulated in the inflamed brain, providing de novo expression of proteins encoded by cargo messenger RNA (mRNA). Anti-VCAM/LNP-mRNA mediated expression of thrombomodulin (a natural endothelial inhibitor of thrombosis, inflammation, and vascular leakage) and alleviated TNFα-induced brain edema. Thus VCAM-directed nanocarriers provide a platform for cerebrovascular targeting to inflamed brain, with the goal of normalizing the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, thus benefiting numerous brain pathologies.
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Alkaff SA, Radhakrishnan K, Nedumaran AM, Liao P, Czarny B. Nanocarriers for Stroke Therapy: Advances and Obstacles in Translating Animal Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:445-464. [PMID: 32021190 PMCID: PMC6982459 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s231853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The technology of drug delivery systems (DDS) has expanded into many applications, such as for treating neurological disorders. Nanoparticle DDS offer a unique strategy for targeted transport and improved outcomes of therapeutics. Stroke is likely to benefit from the emergence of this technology though clinical breakthroughs are yet to manifest. This review explores the recent advances in this field and provides insight on the trends, prospects and challenges of translating this technology to clinical application. Carriers of diverse material compositions are presented, with special focus on the surface properties and emphasis on the similarities and inconsistencies among in vivo experimental paradigms. Research attention is scattered among various nanoparticle DDS and various routes of drug administration, which expresses the lack of consistency among studies. Analysis of current literature reveals lipid- and polymer-based DDS as forerunners of DDS for stroke; however, cell membrane-derived vesicles (CMVs) possess the competitive edge due to their innate biocompatibility and superior efficacy. Conversely, inorganic and carbon-based DDS offer different functionalities as well as varied capacity for loading but suffer mainly from poor safety and general lack of investigation in this area. This review supports the existing literature by systematizing presently available data and accounting for the differences in drugs of choice, carrier types, animal models, intervention strategies and outcome parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdullah Alkaff
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore
| | - Krishna Radhakrishnan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore
| | - Anu Maashaa Nedumaran
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore
| | - Ping Liao
- Calcium Signalling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute 308433, Singapore
| | - Bertrand Czarny
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University 639798, Singapore
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40
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Tapeinos C, Battaglini M, Marino A, Ciofani G. Smart diagnostic nano-agents for cerebral ischemia. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6233-6251. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00260g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A summary of the latest developments on imaging techniques and smart nano-diagnostics used for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tapeinos
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Smart Bio-Interfaces
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
| | - Matteo Battaglini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Smart Bio-Interfaces
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna
| | - Attilio Marino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Smart Bio-Interfaces
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Smart Bio-Interfaces
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
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41
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Surface engineering of nanomaterials with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119646. [PMID: 31787335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates have been widely employed to decorate different nanomaterials, due to their excellent biocompatibility, long blood circulation characteristics, and specific targeting capability. Numerous in vivo studies have demonstrated that nanomedicines peripherally engineered with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates show significantly increased selective and efficient internalization by target cells/tissues. Targeting moieties including small-molecule ligands, peptides, proteins, and antibodies are generally conjugated onto PEGylated phospholipids to decorate liposomes, micelles, hybrid nanoparticles, nanocomplexes, and nanoemulsions for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents to diseased sites. In this review, the synthesis methods of phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates, biophysicochemical properties of nanomedicines decorated with these conjugates, factors dominating their targeting efficiency, as well as their applications for in vivo molecular imaging and targeted therapy were summarized and discussed.
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42
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Chen Z, Li Y, Airan R, Han Z, Xu J, Chan KWY, Xu Y, Bulte JWM, van Zijl PCM, McMahon MT, Zhou S, Liu G. CT and CEST MRI bimodal imaging of the intratumoral distribution of iodinated liposomes. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:1579-1591. [PMID: 31667143 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.06.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background To develop liposomes loaded with iodinated agents as nanosized CT/MRI bimodal contrast agents for monitoring liposome-mediated drug delivery. Methods Rhodamine-labeled iodixanol (VisipaqueTM)-loaded liposomes (IX-lipo) were prepared and tested for their properties as a diamagnetic CEST contrast agent in vitro. Mice bearing subcutaneous CT26 colon tumors were injected i.v. with 1 g/kg (535 mg iodine/kg) IX-lipo, and in vivo CT and CEST MR images were acquired on day 3. CT and CEST MR images were also acquired for tumor-bearing mice co-injected with IX-lipo and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Results In addition to CT contrast, IX-lipo exhibited a strong CEST contrast similar to its non-liposomal form, with a detectability of ~2 nM per liposome. Both CT imaging and CEST MRI showed that i.v. injection of IX-lipo resulted in a rim enhancement of CT26 tumors with a heterogeneous central distribution. In contrast, co-injection of TNF-α caused a significantly augmented CT/MRI contrast in the tumor center. The intratumoral biodistribution of IX-lipo correlated well to the rhodamine patterns observed with fluorescence microscopy. Conclusions We have developed a CT/MRI bimodal imaging approach for monitoring the delivery and biodistribution of liposomes by loading them with the clinically approved X-ray/CT contrast agent iodixanol. Our approach may be easily adapted for other-FDA approved iodinated agents and thus has great translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuguo Li
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Raag Airan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Han
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kannie W Y Chan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yikai Xu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael T McMahon
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shibin Zhou
- Ludwig Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhang J, Yuan Y, Han Z, Li Y, van Zijl PCM, Yang X, Bulte JWM, Liu G. Detecting acid phosphatase enzymatic activity with phenol as a chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent (PhenolCEST MRI). Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111442. [PMID: 31252256 PMCID: PMC6717000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phenol contains an exchangeable hydroxyl proton resonant at 4.8 ppm from the resonance frequency of water in the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrum, enabling itself to be detected at sub-mM concentration by either chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (CEST MRI) or exchange-based T2 relaxation enhancement (T2ex) effect under acidic and basic conditions, respectively. We recently investigated the T2ex effects of phenol and its derivatives, but the CEST characteristics of phenols are unknown in detail, and no study on using the natural CEST MRI effects of phenol for detecting enzymatic activity has been conducted. Herein, on the basis of the inherent CEST MR property of phenol, namely phenolCEST, we developed the first MRI approach to detect acid phosphatase (AcP) enzymatic activity. Upon the activity of AcP at pH = 5.0, non-CEST-detectable enzyme substrate phenyl phosphate was converted to CEST-detectable phenol, providing a simple way to quantify AcP activity directly without the need for a second signalling probe. We showed the application of this phenolCEST biosensor for measuring AcP activity in both enzyme solutions and cell lysates of prostate cells. This work opens a door for the utilization of phenolCEST MRI technique in sensor design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yue Yuan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zheng Han
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yuguo Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Zhang J, Yuan Y, Gao M, Han Z, Chu C, Li Y, van Zijl PCM, Ying M, Bulte JWM, Liu G. Carbon Dots as a New Class of Diamagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (diaCEST) MRI Contrast Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9871-9875. [PMID: 31162873 PMCID: PMC6897491 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
While carbon dots (C-dots) have been extensively investigated pertaining to their fluorescent, phosphorescent, electrochemiluminescent, optoelectronic, and catalytic features, their inherent chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (CEST MRI) properties are unknown. By virtue of their hydrophilicity and abundant exchangeable protons of hydroxyl, amine, and amide anchored on the surface, we report here that C-dots can be adapted as effective diamagnetic CEST (diaCEST) MRI contrast agents. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, human glioma cells were labeled with liposomes with or without encapsulated C-dots and implanted in mouse brain. In vivo CEST MRI was able to clearly differentiate labeled cells from non-labeled cells. The present findings may encourage new applications of C-dots for in vivo imaging in deep tissues, which is currently not possible using conventional fluorescent (near-infrared) C-dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Yue Yuan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Minling Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Zheng Han
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Chengyan Chu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Yuguo Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Jeff W. M. Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
| | - Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA)
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD (USA)
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Zhang J, Yuan Y, Gao M, Han Z, Chu C, Li Y, van Zijl PCM, Ying M, Bulte JWM, Liu G. Carbon Dots as a New Class of Diamagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (diaCEST) MRI Contrast Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Yue Yuan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology ProgramInstitute for Cell EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Minling Gao
- Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Zheng Han
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Chengyan Chu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology ProgramInstitute for Cell EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Yuguo Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain ImagingKennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD USA
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of NeurologyThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Jeff W. M. Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain ImagingKennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD USA
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology ProgramInstitute for Cell EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceDivision of MR ResearchThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- F.M Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain ImagingKennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD USA
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Chen H, Liu D, Li Y, Xu X, Xu J, Yadav NN, Zhou S, van Zijl PCM, Liu G. CEST MRI monitoring of tumor response to vascular disrupting therapy using high molecular weight dextrans. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1471-1479. [PMID: 31106918 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular disrupting therapy of cancer has become a promising approach not only to regress tumor growth directly but also to boost the delivery of chemotherapeutics in the tumor. An imaging approach to monitor the changes in tumor vascular permeability, therefore, has important applications for monitoring of vascular disrupting therapies. METHODS Mice bearing CT26 subcutaneous colon tumors were injected intravenously with 150 kD dextran (Dex150, diameter, d~ 20 nm, 375 mg/kg), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; 1 µg per mouse), or both (n = 3 in each group). The Z-spectra were acquired before and 2 h after the injection, and the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) signals in the tumors as quantified by asymmetric magnetization transfer ratio (MTRasym ) at 1 ppm were compared. RESULTS The results showed a significantly stronger CEST contrast enhancement at 1 ppm (∆MTRasym = 0.042 ± 0.002) in the TNF-α-treated tumors than those by Dex150 alone (∆MTRasym = 0.000 ± 0.005, P = 0.0229) or TNF-α alone (∆MTRasym = 0.002 ± 0.004, P = 0.0264), indicating that the TNF-α treatment strongly augmented the tumor uptake of 150 kD dextran. The MRI findings were verified by fluorescence imaging and immunofluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS High molecular weight dextrans can be used as safe and sensitive CEST MRI contrast agents for monitoring tumor response to vascular disrupting therapy and, potentially, for developing dextran-based theranostic drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yuguo Li
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xiang Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nirbhay N Yadav
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shibin Zhou
- Ludwig Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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Han Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen C, van Zijl PC, Liu G. Molecular Imaging of Deoxycytidine Kinase Activity Using Deoxycytidine-Enhanced CEST MRI. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2775-2783. [PMID: 30940660 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) is a key enzyme for the activation of a broad spectrum of nucleoside-based chemotherapy drugs (e.g., gemcitabine); low DCK activity is one of the most important causes of cancer drug-resistance. Noninvasive imaging methods that can quantify DCK activity are invaluable for assessing tumor resistance and predicting treatment efficacy. Here we developed a "natural" MRI approach to detect DCK activity using its natural substrate deoxycytidine (dC) as the imaging probe, which can be detected directly by chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI without any synthetic labeling. CEST MRI contrast of dC and its phosphorylated form, dCTP, successfully discriminated DCK activity in two mouse leukemia cell lines with different DCK expression. This dC-enhanced CEST MRI in xenograft leukemic cancer mouse models demonstrated that DCK(+) tumors have a distinctive dynamic CEST contrast enhancement and a significantly higher CEST contrast than DCK(-) tumors (AUC0-60 min = 0.47 ± 0.25 and 0.20 ± 0.13, respectively; P = 0.026, paired Student t test, n = 4) at 1 hour after the injection of dC. dC-enhanced CEST contrast also correlated well with tumor responses to gemcitabine treatment. This study demonstrates a novel MR molecular imaging approach for predicting cancer resistance using natural, nonradioactive, nonmetallic, and clinically available agents. This method has great potential for pursuing personalized chemotherapy by stratifying patients with different DCK activity. SIGNIFICANCE: A new molecular MRI method that detects deoxycytidine kinase activity using its natural substrate deoxycytidine has great translational potential for clinical assessment of tumor resistance and prediction of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Han
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Radiology College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Chuheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter C van Zijl
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guanshu Liu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. .,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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Han Z, Liu G. Sugar-based biopolymers as novel imaging agents for molecular magnetic resonance imaging. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1551. [PMID: 30666829 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sugar-based biopolymers have been recognized as attractive materials to develop macromolecule- and nanoparticle-based cancer imaging and therapy. However, traditional biopolymer-based imaging approaches rely on the use of synthetic or isotopic labeling, and because of it, clinical translation often is hindered. Recently, a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), has emerged, which allows the exploitation of sugar-based biopolymers as MRI agents by their hydroxyl protons-rich nature. In the study, we reviewed recent studies on the topic of CEST MRI detection of sugar-based biopolymers. The CEST MRI property of each biopolymer was briefly introduced, followed by the pre-clinical and clinical applications. The findings of these preliminary studies imply the enormous potential of CEST detectable sugar-based biopolymers in developing highly sensitive and translatable molecular imaging agents and constructing image-guided biopolymer-based drug delivery systems. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Han
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guanshu Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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Sharma M, Dube T, Chibh S, Kour A, Mishra J, Panda JJ. Nanotheranostics, a future remedy of neurological disorders. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:113-128. [PMID: 30572726 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1562443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective therapy of various neurological disorders is hindered on account of the failure of various therapeutics crossing blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Nanotheranostics has emerged as a cutting-edge unconventional theranostic nanomedicine, capable of realizing accurate diagnosis together with effective and targeted delivery of therapeutics across BBB to the unhealthy regions of the brain for potential clinical success. AREAS COVERED We have tried to review the current status of nanotheranostic based approaches followed to manage neurological disorders. The focus has been majorly laid on to explore various theranostic nanoparticles and their application potential towards image-guided neurotherapies. Additionally, the usefulness of exceptional diagnostic, imaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging are being discussed by highlighting their promising opportunities in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of the neurological disorders. EXPERT OPINION Inimitable diagnostic and therapeutic potential of nanotheranostics have accomplished the aim of personalized therapies by governing the therapeutic efficacy of the system along with facilitating patient pre-selection grounded on non-invasive imaging, thereby predicting the responses of patients to nanomedicine treatments. While these accomplishments are encouraging, they are still the minority and demands for a continuous effort to improve sensitivity and precision in screening/diagnosis along with improving therapeutic efficacy in various neural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- a Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , India
| | - Taru Dube
- a Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , India
| | - Sonika Chibh
- a Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , India
| | - Avneet Kour
- a Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , India
| | - Jibanananda Mishra
- b School of Bioengineering and Biosciences , Lovely Professional University , Phagwara , India
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Li J, Li Q, He M, Ding F, Cai L, Zhao M, Dong L, Wang Q, Xu K. AS1411 aptamer-modified theranostic liposomes co-encapsulating manganese oxide nano-contrast agent and paclitaxel for MRI and therapy of cancer. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34837-34846. [PMID: 35530716 PMCID: PMC9074166 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advantages and development of MRI nano-contrast agents (CAs), increasing number of MRI-based theranostic nanoparticles have emerged. Liposome, as a biosafe nanocarrier has been used phase III trial for cancer treatment. In this study, liposome was employed as a nanocarrier to co-encapsulate MRI nano-contrast agent poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted manganese oxide (PEG-MnO) and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) for the fabrication of a novel theranostic nanocomplex. After being further modified with AS1411 aptamer, the obtained nanoprobe AS1411-liposome-PEG-MnO-PTX displayed the potential of simultaneous MRI diagnosis and therapy of renal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. It was found that compared with PEG-MnO nano-CA, liposome-PEG-MnO and AS1411-liposome-PEG-MnO presented a stronger MR contrast enhancement effect in the tumor and longer retention time in the tumor region. More importantly, the introduction of AS1411 aptamer further enhanced the MRI effect and the tumor growth inhibition effect, showing its potential use as a theranostic nanoprobe for renal carcinoma. AS1411 aptamer modified theranostic liposomes co-encapsulating manganese oxide nano-contrast agent and paclitaxel for MRI and therapy of cancer was realized.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Radiology
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221006
- China
- School of Medical Imaging
| | - Qing Li
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Meijuan He
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Lulu Cai
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Lina Dong
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medical Imaging
- Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221004
- China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Radiology
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Xuzhou 221006
- China
- School of Medical Imaging
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