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Sun X, Lin X, Yao J, Tian T, Li Z, Chen S, Hu W, Jiang J, Tang H, Cai H, Guo T, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhang M, Sun Y, Lin S, Qu Y, Deng X, Lin Z, Xia L, Jin Y, Zhang W. Potential causal links of long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and its chemical components with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma recurrence: A 10-year cohort study in South China. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38863244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
There is a lack of evidence from cohort studies on the causal association of long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its chemical components with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) recurrence. Based on a 10-year prospective cohort of 1184 newly diagnosed NPC patients, we comprehensively evaluated the potential causal links of ambient PM2.5 and its chemical components including black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), sulfate (SO4 2-), nitrate (NO3 -), and ammonium (NH4 +) with the recurrence risk of NPC using a marginal structural Cox model adjusted with inverse probability weighting. We observed 291 NPC patients experiencing recurrence during the 10-year follow-up and estimated a 33% increased risk of NPC recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.74) following each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 exposure. Each IQR increment in BC, NH4 +, OM, NO3 -, and SO4 2- was associated with HRs of 1.36 (95%CI: 1.13-1.65), 1.35 (95%CI: 1.07-1.70), 1.33 (95%CI: 1.11-1.59), 1.32 (95%CI: 1.06-1.64), 1.31 (95%CI: 1.08-1.57). The elderly, patients with no family history of cancer, no smoking history, no drinking history, and those with severe conditions may exhibit a greater likelihood of NPC recurrence following exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical components. Additionally, the effect estimates of the five components are greater among patients who were exposed to high concentration than in the full cohort of patients. Our study provides solid evidence for a potential relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its components and the risk of NPC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurui Sun
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jijin Yao
- The Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanle Cai
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xudan Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibing Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Hospital Infection Control Office, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqing Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shao Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Yanji Qu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlei Deng
- Analytics Department, Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd, Novartis Pharma AG, London, UK
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangping Xia
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Jin
- The Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yuan T, Lu X, Jiang J, Chen N, Tang B, He C, Liu W, Wang J, Ci C. ACTN1 promotes malignant progression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating the p53 signaling pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01094. [PMID: 38835108 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Yijishan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241004, China
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Zhu KL, Su F, Yang JR, Xiao RW, Wu RY, Cao MY, Ling XL, Zhang T. TP53 to mediate immune escape in tumor microenvironment: an overview of the research progress. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:205. [PMID: 38270700 PMCID: PMC10811008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that key cancer-causing driver genes continue to exert a sustained influence on the tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the importance of immunotherapeutic targeting of gene mutations in governing tumor progression. TP53 is a prominent tumor suppressor that encodes the p53 protein, which controls the initiation and progression of different tumor types. Wild-type p53 maintains cell homeostasis and genomic instability through complex pathways, and mutant p53 (Mut p53) promotes tumor occurrence and development by regulating the TME. To date, it has been wildly considered that TP53 is able to mediate tumor immune escape. Herein, we summarized the relationship between TP53 gene and tumors, discussed the mechanism of Mut p53 mediated tumor immune escape, and summarized the progress of applying p53 protein in immunotherapy. This study will provide a basic basis for further exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Li Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Su
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ru Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Wen Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Yue Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yue Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Ling
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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Siak PY, Heng WS, Teoh SSH, Lwin YY, Cheah SC. Precision medicine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comprehensive review of past, present, and future prospect. J Transl Med 2023; 21:786. [PMID: 37932756 PMCID: PMC10629096 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive malignancy with high propensity for lymphatic spread and distant metastasis. It is prominent as an endemic malignancy in Southern China and Southeast Asia regions. Studies on NPC pathogenesis mechanism in the past decades such as through Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection and oncogenic molecular aberrations have explored several potential targets for therapy and diagnosis. The EBV infection introduces oncoviral proteins that consequently hyperactivate many promitotic pathways and block cell-death inducers. EBV infection is so prevalent in NPC patients such that EBV serological tests were used to diagnose and screen NPC patients. On the other hand, as the downstream effectors of oncogenic mechanisms, the promitotic pathways can potentially be exploited therapeutically. With the apparent heterogeneity and distinct molecular aberrations of NPC tumor, the focus has turned into a more personalized treatment in NPC. Herein in this comprehensive review, we depict the current status of screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention in NPC. Subsequently, based on the limitations on those aspects, we look at their potential improvements in moving towards the path of precision medicine. The importance of recent advances on the key molecular aberration involved in pathogenesis of NPC for precision medicine progression has also been reported in the present review. Besides, the challenge and future outlook of NPC management will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Win Sen Heng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Siew Hoon Teoh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Yu Yu Lwin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Niranjan V, Setlur AS, K C, Kumkum S, Dasgupta S, Singh V, Desai V, Kumar J. Exploring the Synergistic Mechanism of AP2A2 Transcription Factor Inhibition via Molecular Modeling and Simulations as a Novel Computational Approach for Combating Breast Cancer: In Silico Interpretations. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00871-3. [PMID: 37747672 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that transcription factor AP2A2 (activator protein-2 alpha-2) is involved in the expression of DLEC1, a tumor suppressor gene, which, when mutated, will cause breast cancer and is thus an excellent target for breast cancer studies. Therefore, in the present research, a synergistic approach toward combating breast cancer is proposed by blocking AP2A2 factor, and allowing the cancer cells to be sensitive to anti-cancer drugs. The effect of AP2A2 on breast cancer was first understood via gene analysis from cBioPortal. AP2A2 was then modeled using RaptorX and its structure was validated from Ramachandran plots. Using all ligands from MolPort database, molecular docking was performed against AP2A2, from which the top three best docked ligands were studied for toxicity in humans using Protox-II. Once the ligands passed these tests, the best complexes were simulated at 200ns in Desmond Maestro, to comprehend their stabilities, followed by the computations of free energies of binding via Molecular mechanics- Generalized Born Solvent Accessibility method (MM-GBSA). The results showed that molecules MolPort-005-945-556 (sachharolipids), MolPort-001-741-124 (flavonoids), and MolPort-005-944-667 (lignan glycosides) with AP2A2 passed toxicity evaluation and belonged to toxicity classes 6, 5, and 5, respectively, with good docking energies. 200 ns simulations revealed stable complexes with slight conformational changes. Stability of ligands was confirmed via snapshots at every 20 ns of the trajectory. Radial distribution of these molecules against the protein revealed very slight deviation from binding pocket. Additionally, the free binding energies for these complexes were found to be - 54.93 ± 12.982 kcal/mol, - 44.39 ± 14.393 kcal/mol, and - 66.51 ± 13.522 kcal/mol, respectively. A preliminary computational validation of the inability of AP2A2 to bind to DLEC1 in the presence of ligands offers beneficial insights into the potential of these ligands. Therefore, this study sheds light on the potential natural molecules that could stably block AP2A2 with least deviation and act in synergy to aid anti-cancer drugs work on breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India.
| | - Anagha S Setlur
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Chandrashekar K
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Sneha Kumkum
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Sanjana Dasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Varsha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Vrushali Desai
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), CGO complex Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India.
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6
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Shahzadi C, Di Serafino A, Aruffo E, Mascitelli A, Di Carlo P. A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1243. [PMID: 37759642 PMCID: PMC10525880 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Airborne microplastics raise significant concerns due to their potential health impacts. Having a small size, larger surface area, and penetrative ability into the biological system, makes them hazardous to health. This review article compiles various studies investigating the mechanism of action of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics affecting lung epithelial cells A549. These inhalable microplastics damage the respiratory system, by triggering a proinflammatory environment, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, morphological changes, and cytotoxic accumulation in A549 cells. PS-NP lung toxicity depends on various factors such as size, surface modifications, concentration, charge, and zeta potential. However, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity mechanisms depend on the cell type. For A549 cells, PS-NPs are responsible for energy imbalance by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity, immunomodulation, and apoptosis. Additionally, PS-NPs have the ability to traverse the placental barrier, posing a risk to offspring. Despite the advancements, the precise mechanisms underlying how prolonged exposure to PS-NPs leads to the development and progression of lung diseases have unclear points, necessitating further investigations to unravel the root cause. This review also sheds light on data gaps, inconsistencies in PS-Nos research, and provides recommendations for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chman Shahzadi
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Serafino
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
| | - Eleonora Aruffo
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mascitelli
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Di Carlo
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.S.); (A.D.S.); (E.A.); (P.D.C.)
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Sun D, Liu C, Zhu Y, Yu C, Guo Y, Sun D, Pang Y, Pei P, Du H, Yang L, Chen Y, Meng X, Liu Y, Zhang J, Schmidt D, Avery D, Chen J, Chen Z, Lv J, Kan H, Li L. Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Incidence of Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Study of 0.5 Million Chinese Adults. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:61-70.e5. [PMID: 37059339 PMCID: PMC7615725 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Evidence is sparse and inconclusive on the association between long-term fine (≤2.5 μm) particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and esophageal cancer. We aimed to assess the association of PM2.5 with esophageal cancer risk and compared the esophageal cancer risk attributable to PM2.5 exposure and other established risk factors. METHODS This study included 510,125 participants without esophageal cancer at baseline from China Kadoorie Biobank. A high-resolution (1 × 1 km) satellite-based model was used to estimate PM2.5 exposure during the study period. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs of PM2.5 with esophageal cancer incidence were estimated using Cox proportional hazard model. Population attributable fractions for PM2.5 and other established risk factors were estimated. RESULTS There was a linear concentration-response relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and esophageal cancer. For each 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, the HR was 1.16 (95% CI, 1.04-1.30) for esophageal cancer incidence. Compared with the first quarter of PM2.5 exposure, participants in the highest quarter had a 1.32-fold higher risk for esophageal cancer, with an HR of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.01-1.72). The population attributable risk because of annual average PM2.5 concentration ≥35 μg/m3 was 23.3% (95% CI, 6.6%-40.0%), higher than the risks attributable to lifestyle risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This large prospective cohort study of Chinese adults found that long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with an elevated risk of esophageal cancer. With stringent air pollution mitigation measures in China, a large reduction in the esophageal cancer disease burden can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Integrated Research on Disaster Risk, International Centers of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqing Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Integrated Research on Disaster Risk, International Centers of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan Schmidt
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Avery
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Integrated Research on Disaster Risk, International Centers of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Xie J, Zhou J, Xia J, Zeng Y, Huang G, Zeng W, Fan T, Li L, Zeng X, Tao Q. Phospholipase C delta 1 inhibits WNT/β-catenin and EGFR-FAK-ERK signaling and is disrupted by promoter CpG methylation in renal cell carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:30. [PMID: 36849889 PMCID: PMC9972803 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PLCD1, located at 3p22, encodes an enzyme that mediates cellular metabolism and homeostasis, intracellular signal transduction and movement. PLCD1 plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression of several types of cancers; however, its expression and underlying molecular mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) pathogenesis remain elusive. METHODS RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect PLCD1 expression in RCC cell lines and normal tissues. Bisulfite treatment, MSP and BGS were utilized to explore the CpG methylation status of PLCD1 promoter. Online databases were analyzed for the association between PLCD1 expression/methylation and patient survival. In vitro experiments including CCK8, colony formation, wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays were performed to evaluate tumor cell behavior. Luciferase assay and Western blot were used to examine effect of PLCD1 on WNT/β-catenin and EGFR-FAK-ERK signaling. RESULTS We found that PLCD1 was widely expressed in multiple adult normal tissues including kidney, but frequently downregulated or silenced in RCC due to its promoter CpG methylation. Restoration of PLCD1 expression inhibited the viability, migration and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in RCC cells. PLCD1 restoration led to the inhibition of signaling activation of WNT/β-catenin and EGFR-FAK-ERK pathways, and the EMT program of RCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that PLCD1 is a potent tumor suppressor frequently inactivated by promoter methylation in RCC and exerts its tumor suppressive functions via suppressing WNT/β-catenin and EGFR-FAK-ERK signaling. These findings establish PLCD1 as a promising prognostic biomarker and treatment target for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlian Xie
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiliang Xia
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Guo Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Weihong Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Tingyu Fan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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9
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He W, Yuan K, He J, Wang C, Peng L, Han Y, Chen N. Network and pathway-based analysis of genes associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:102. [PMID: 36819552 PMCID: PMC9929830 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Although diagnostic methods and treatments have improved over the last few years, the 5-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients remains generally poor. The development of high-throughput technology has facilitated great achievements in localization of ESCC-related genes. To take a further step toward a thorough understanding of ESCC at a molecular level, the potential pathogenesis of ESCC needs to be deciphered. Methods The interaction of ESCC-related genes was explored by collecting genes associated with ESCC and then performing gene enrichment assays, pathway enrichment assays, pathway crosstalk analysis, and extraction of ESCC-specific subnetwork to describe the relevant biochemical processes. Results Through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, many molecular functions related to response to chemical, cellular response to stimulus, and cell proliferation were found to be significantly enriched in ESCC-related genes. The results of pathway and pathway crosstalk analysis showed that pathways associated with multiple malignant tumors, the immune system, and metabolic processes were significantly enriched in ESCC-related genes. Through the analysis of specific subnetworks, we obtained some novel ESCC-related potential genes, such as MUC13, GSTO1, FIN, GRB2, CDC25C, and others. Conclusions The molecular mechanism of ESCC is extremely complex. Some inducing factors change the expression status of many genes. The abnormal expression of genes mediates the biological processes involved in immunity and metabolism, apoptosis, and cell proliferation, leading to the occurrence of tumors. The genes MUC13, RYK, and FIN may be potential prognostic indicators of ESCC; GRB2 and CDC25C may be potential targets of ESCC in proliferation. Our work may provide valuable information for further understanding the molecular mechanisms for the development of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongtao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nianyong Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Huang H, Xie H, Zhang B, Xia W, Guo B. Multifunctional nanotheranostics for near infrared optical imaging-guided treatment of brain tumors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114536. [PMID: 36108792 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors, a heterogeneous group of primary and metastatic neoplasms in the central nervous system (CNS), are notorious for their highly invasive and devastating characteristics, dismal prognosis and low survival rate. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging modalities including fluorescence imaging (FLI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) have displayed bright prospect in innovation of brain tumor diagnoses, due to their merits, like noninvasiveness, high spatiotemporal resolution, good sensitivity and large penetration depth. Importantly, these imaging techniques have been widely used to vividly guide diverse brain tumor therapies in a real-time manner with high accuracy and efficiency. Herein, we provide a systematic summary of the state-of-the-art NIR contrast agents (CAs) for brain tumors single-modal imaging (e.g., FLI and PAI), dual-modal imaging (e.g., FLI/PAI, FLI/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and PAI/MRI) and triple-modal imaging (e.g., MRI/FLI/PAI and MRI/PAI/computed tomography (CT) imaging). In addition, we update the most recent progress on the NIR optical imaging-guided therapies, like single-modal (e.g., photothermal therapy (PTT), chemotherapy, surgery, photodynamic therapy (PDT), gene therapy and gas therapy), dual-modal (e.g., PTT/chemotherapy, PTT/surgery, PTT/PDT, PDT/chemotherapy, PTT/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and PTT/gene therapy) and triple-modal (e.g., PTT/PDT/chemotherapy, PTT/PDT/surgery, PTT/PDT/gene therapy and PTT/gene/chemotherapy). Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of the CAs and nanotheranostics for future clinic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Baozhu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Guo
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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11
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Liu G, Zhao Z, Li J, Yang L, Liu K, Hu W, Lou Y, Jiang J, Liu Q, Zhao P. TIPE1 inhibits osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and progression by regulating PRMT1 mediated STAT3 arginine methylation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:815. [PMID: 36151091 PMCID: PMC9508122 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary malignancy of the bone, has a poor prognosis due to its high mortality rate and high potential for metastasis. Thus, it is urgently necessary to explore functional molecular targets of therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma. Here, we reported that TIPE1 expression was decreased in osteosarcoma tissues compared to normal and adjacent nontumor tissues, and its expression was negatively related to tumor stage and tumor size. Functional assays showed that TIPE1 inhibited osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and metastatic potential both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we investigated that the STAT3 signaling pathway was significantly downregulated after TIPE1 overexpression. Mechanistically, TIPE1 bind to the catalytic domain of PRMT1, which deposits an asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) mark on histone/non-histone proteins, and thus inhibited PRMT1 mediated STAT3 methylation at arginine (R) residue 688. This abolished modification decreased STAT3 transactivation and expression, by which subsequently suppressed osteosarcoma malignancy. Taken together, these data showed that TIPE1 inhibits the malignant transformation of osteosarcoma through PRMT1-mediated STAT3 arginine methylation and ultimately decreases the development and metastasis of osteosarcoma. TIPE1 might be a potential molecular therapeutic target and an early biomarker for osteosarcoma diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yang
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264100 PR China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
| | - Guangping Liu
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
| | - Ziqian Zhao
- grid.13394.3c0000 0004 1799 3993The Second Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830092 PR China
| | - Jigang Li
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
| | - Le Yang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117 PR China
| | - Kui Liu
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
| | - Wei Hu
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
| | - Yunwei Lou
- grid.412990.70000 0004 1808 322XSchool of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264100 PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- grid.412509.b0000 0004 1808 3414School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 PR China
| | - Peiqing Zhao
- grid.477019.cCenter of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Zibo, 255036 PR China
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12
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Ren T, Bai XY, Yang MZ, Xu N, Guo XZ, Qin LJ, Huang ZL, Zhong QY, Huang YJ, Lin WZ, Jiao AJ, Zhang BB. Gambogic acid suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma via rewiring molecular network of cancer malignancy and immunosurveillance. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113012. [PMID: 35658246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. The distant metastasis and disease recurrence are still unsolved clinical problems. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers have become significantly attractive due to their advantages. Using high throughput drug sensitivity screening, we identified gambogic acid (GA) as a common TCM monomer displaying multiple anti-NPC effects. GA could effectively inhibit the proliferation of low differentiated cells and highly metastatic cells in NPC via inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, GA obviously repressed the abilities of cell clone, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and represented satisfied synergistic effects combined with chemotherapy. Importantly, we found the elevated immune checkpoint CD47 stimulated after chemotherapy was dramatically impaired by GA treatment. Mechanically, the network pharmacology analyses unraveled that the oncogenic signaling pathways including STATs were rewired by GA treatment. Taken together, our study reveals a molecular basis and provides a rationale for GA application as the treatment regime in NPC therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ren
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xian-Yu Bai
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meng-Zhe Yang
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xing-Zhe Guo
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liu-Jie Qin
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Huang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiong-Yao Zhong
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan-Jiao Huang
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Wen-Zhen Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Ai-Jun Jiao
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
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13
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Zhang F, Zhou X, Zou H, Liu L, Li X, Ruan Y, Xie Y, Shi M, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Guo B. SAA1 is transcriptionally activated by STAT3 and accelerates renal interstitial fibrosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112856. [PMID: 34597680 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the common irreversible pathway by which chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses to the end stage. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a common factor leading to inflammation-mediated RIF, but its downstream regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that serum amyloid A protein 1 (SAA1) was one of the target genes for transcriptional activation of STAT3 signaling. As an acute phase reaction protein, SAA1 plays an important role in many inflammatory reactions, and research has suggested that SAA1 is significantly elevated in the serum of patients with CKD. In this research, multiple experiments were performed to investigate the role of SAA1 in the process of RIF. SAA1 was abnormally highly expressed in kidney tissue from individuals who underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and TGF-β-induced HK2 cells, and the abnormal expression was directly related to the transcriptional activation of STAT3. Additionally, SAA1 can directly target and bind valosin-containing protein (VCP)-interacting membrane selenoprotein (VIMP) to inhibit the function of the Derlin-1/VCP/VIMP complex, preventing the transportation and degradation of the misfolded protein, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress characterized by an increase in glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) levels and ultimately promoting the occurrence and development of RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huimei Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuansheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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14
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Diori Karidio I, Sanlier SH. Reviewing cancer's biology: an eclectic approach. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:32. [PMID: 34719756 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer refers to a group of some of the worldwide most diagnosed and deadliest pathophysiological conditions that conquered researchers' attention for decades and yet begs for more questions for a full comprehension of its complex cellular and molecular pathology. MAIN BODY The disease conditions are commonly characterized by unrestricted cell proliferation and dysfunctional replicative senescence pathways. In fact, the cell cycle operates under the rigorous control of complex signaling pathways involving cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases assumed to be specific to each phase of the cycle. At each of these checkpoints, the cell is checked essentially for its DNA integrity. Genetic defects observed in these molecules (i.e., cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases) are common features of cancer cells. Nevertheless, each cancer is different concerning its molecular and cellular etiology. These could range from the genetic defects mechanisms and/or the environmental conditions favoring epigenetically harbored homeostasis driving tumorigenesis alongside with the intratumoral heterogeneity with respect to the model that the tumor follows. CONCLUSIONS This review is not meant to be an exhaustive interpretation of carcinogenesis but to summarize some basic features of the molecular etiology of cancer and the intratumoral heterogeneity models that eventually bolster anticancer drug resistance for a more efficient design of drug targeting the pitfalls of the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Diori Karidio
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, E Block, Ege University, Erzene Mahallesi, Bornova, 35040, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Senay Hamarat Sanlier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, E Block, Ege University, Erzene Mahallesi, Bornova, 35040, Izmir, Turkey.,ARGEFAR, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35040, Izmir, Turkey
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15
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Chen ZS, Lin X, Chan TF, Chan HYE. Pan-cancer investigation reveals mechanistic insights of planar cell polarity gene Fuz in carcinogenesis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7259-7283. [PMID: 33658400 PMCID: PMC7993721 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The fuzzy planar cell polarity protein (Fuz) is an effector component of the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling. Together with other core and effector proteins, the PCP pathway controls polarized cell movements. Fuz was also reported as a negative regulator of cell survival. In this study, we performed a pan-cancer survey to demonstrate the role of Fuz in multiple types of cancer. In head-neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma tumor samples, a reduction of Fuz transcript expression was detected. This coincides with the poor overall survival probabilities of these patients. We further showed that Fuz promoter hypermethylation contributes to its transcriptional downregulation. Meanwhile, we also identified a relatively higher mutation frequency at the 404th arginine amino acid residue in the coding sequence of Fuz locus, and further demonstrated that mutant Fuz proteins perturb the pro-apoptotic function of Fuz. In summary, our study unveiled an intriguing relationship between Fuz dysregulation and cancer prognosis, and further provides mechanistic insights of Fuz's involvement in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefan Stephen Chen
- Nexus of Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho Yin Edwin Chan
- Nexus of Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Chou YH, Tantoh DM, Wu MC, Tyan YS, Chen PH, Nfor ON, Hsu SY, Shen CY, Huang CN, Liaw YP. PM 2.5 exposure and DLEC1 promoter methylation in Taiwan Biobank participants. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:68. [PMID: 33153431 PMCID: PMC7646067 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) or fine PM is a serious public health concern. It affects DNA methylation and heightens carcinogenesis. Deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 (DLEC1) is a tumor suppressor gene. However, aberrant methylation of the gene is associated with several cancers. We evaluated the association between PM2.5 and DLEC1 promoter methylation in Taiwanese adults based on regular outdoor exercise. METHODS We obtained DNA methylation and exercise data of 496 participants (aged between 30 and 70 years) from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database. We also extracted PM2.5 data from the Air Quality Monitoring Database (AQMD) and estimated participants' exposure using residential addresses. RESULTS DLEC1 methylation and PM2.5 were positively associated: beta coefficient (β) = 0.114 × 10-3; p value = 0.046. The test for interaction between exercise and PM2.5 on DLEC1 methylation was significant (p value = 0.036). After stratification by exercise habits, PM2.5 and DLEC1 methylation remained significantly associated only among those who exercised regularly (β = 0.237 × 10-3; p value = 0.007). PM2.5 quartile-stratified analyses revealed an inverse association between regular exercise and DLEC1 methylation at PM2.5 < 27.37 μg/m3 (β = - 5.280 × 10-3; p value = 0.009). After combining exercise habits and PM2.5 quartiles, one stratum (i.e., regular exercise and PM2.5 < 27.37 μg/m3) was inversely associated with DLEC1 methylation (β = -5.160 × 10-3, p value = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS We found significant positive associations between PM2.5 and DLEC1 promoter methylation. Regular exercise at PM2.5 < 27.37 μg/m3 seemingly regulated DLEC1 promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,School of Medical Informatics, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Sheng Tyan
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Shen
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Rd, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
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17
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Dlec1 is required for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18883. [PMID: 33144677 PMCID: PMC7642295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 (DLEC1) is a tumour suppressor gene that is downregulated in various cancers in humans; however, the physiological and molecular functions of DLEC1 are still unclear. This study investigated the critical role of Dlec1 in spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice. Dlec1 was significantly expressed in testes, with dominant expression in germ cells. We disrupted Dlec1 in mice and analysed its function in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Dlec1 deletion caused male infertility due to impaired spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis progressed normally to step 8 spermatids in Dlec1−/− mice, but in elongating spermatids, we observed head deformation, a shortened tail, and abnormal manchette organization. These phenotypes were similar to those of various intraflagellar transport (IFT)-associated gene-deficient sperm. In addition, DLEC1 interacted with tailless complex polypeptide 1 ring complex (TRiC) and Bardet–Biedl Syndrome (BBS) protein complex subunits, as well as α- and β-tubulin. DLEC1 expression also enhanced primary cilia formation and cilia length in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. These findings suggest that DLEC1 is a possible regulator of IFT and plays an essential role in sperm head and tail formation in mice.
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Kang Y, He W, Ren C, Qiao J, Guo Q, Hu J, Xu H, Jiang X, Wang L. Advances in targeted therapy mainly based on signal pathways for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:245. [PMID: 33093441 PMCID: PMC7582884 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial carcinoma of the head and neck region which mainly distributes in southern China and Southeast Asia and has a crucial association with the Epstein-Barr virus. Based on epidemiological data, both incidence and mortality of NPC have significantly declined in recent decades grounded on the improvement of living standard and medical level in an endemic region, in particular, with the clinical use of individualized chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) which profoundly contributes to the cure rate of NPC patients. To tackle the challenges including local recurrence and distant metastasis in the current NPC treatment, we discussed the implication of using targeted therapy against critical molecules in various signal pathways, and how they synergize with chemoradiotherapy in the NPC treatment. Combination treatment including targeted therapy and IMRT or concurrent chemoradiotherapy is presumably to be future options, which may reduce radiation or chemotherapy toxicities and open new avenues for the improvement of the expected functional outcome for patients with advanced NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weihan He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jincheng Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingyu Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Le X, Mu J, Peng W, Tang J, Xiang Q, Tian S, Feng Y, He S, Qiu Z, Ren G, Huang A, Lin Y, Tao Q, Xiang T. DNA methylation downregulated ZDHHC1 suppresses tumor growth by altering cellular metabolism and inducing oxidative/ER stress-mediated apoptosis and pyroptosis. Theranostics 2020; 10:9495-9511. [PMID: 32863941 PMCID: PMC7449911 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is an intricate biological process profiled by not only unscheduled proliferation, but also altered metabolism mechanisms. In this article, we introduced a novel tumor suppressor gene (TSG), Zinc Finger DHHC-Type Containing 1 (ZDHHC1, also known as ZNF377), frequently silenced due to epigenetic modification among various cancers, which exerts significant anti-tumor effects through metabolic regulation. Methods: Quantitative reversed-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot were employed to demonstrate transcriptional and protein levels of targeted regulators. Methylation of ZDHHC1 promoter was detected by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) and methylation specific PCR (MSP). Proteomics were analyzed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were utilized for metabolomics analysis. Cellular functions were examined via corresponding approaches. Nude mice were used for xenograft tumor models. Indirect immunofluorescence staining was utilized to obtain precise location and expression of target proteins. Oxidative and ER stress indicators were detected using specific kits. Results: We found that ZDHHC1 expression was frequently silenced in multiple tumor cells and specimens due to methylation. Restoration of ZDHHC1 expression can curb cancer cell progression via stimulating apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, repressing metastasis, and reversing EMT transition and cell stemness. ZDHHC1's salient anti-tumor abilities were recognized in vivo as well. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses predicted inhibitory role of ZDHHC1 in glucose metabolism pathways in a CYGB-dependent manner, and in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which was validated by examining altered key factors. Moreover, we unraveled that ZDHHC1 dedicates to the increment of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to promote pyroptosis for anticancer purposes. Conclusion: Our study for the first time indicates ZDHHC1 is a potential tumor-suppressor frequently silenced due to promoter methylation, capable of negatively regulating metabolisms of tumor cells while stimulating oxidative stress and ER stress to expedite cell death through induction of pyroptosis and apoptosis, which can be exploited for development of new cancer prevention and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Le
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaorong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sanxiu He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Qian Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Teng H, Xue M, Liang J, Wang X, Wang L, Wei W, Li C, Zhang Z, Li Q, Ran X, Shi X, Cai W, Wang W, Gao H, Sun Z. Inter- and intratumor DNA methylation heterogeneity associated with lymph node metastasis and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3035-3048. [PMID: 32194853 PMCID: PMC7053185 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide, is a heterogeneous cancer with diverse clinical manifestations. However, little is known about the epigenetic heterogeneity and its clinical relevance for this prevalent cancer. Methods: We generated 7.56 Tb single-base resolution whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data for 84 ESCC and paired paraneoplastic tissues. The analysis identified inter- and intratumor DNA methylation (DNAm) heterogeneity, epigenome-wide DNAm alterations together with the functional regulators involved in the hyper- or hypomethylated regions, and their association with clinical features. We then validated the correlation between the methylation level of specific regions and clinical outcomes of 96 ESCC patients in an independent cohort. Results: ESCC manifested substantial inter- and intratumor DNAm heterogeneity. The high intratumor DNAm heterogeneity was associated with lymph node metastasis and worse overall survival. Interestingly, hypermethylated regions in ESCC were enriched in promoters of numerous transcription factors, and demethylated noncoding regions related to RXR transcription factor binding appeared to contribute to the development of ESCC. Furthermore, we identified numerous DNAm alterations associated with carcinogenesis and lymph node metastasis of ESCC. We also validated three novel prognostic markers for ESCC, including one each in the promoter of CLK1, the 3' untranslated region of ZEB2, and the intergenic locus surrounded by several lncRNAs. Conclusions: This study presents the first population-level resource for dissecting base-resolution DNAm variation in ESCC and provides novel insights into the ESCC pathogenesis and progression, which might facilitate diagnosis and prognosis for this prevalent malignancy.
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Zhu H, Hu Y, Zeng C, Chang L, Ge F, Wang W, Yan F, Zhao Q, Cao J, Ying M, Gu Y, Zheng L, He Q, Yang B. The SIRT2-mediated deacetylation of AKR1C1 is required for suppressing its pro-metastasis function in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2188-2200. [PMID: 32104503 PMCID: PMC7019158 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) promotes malignancy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) by activating Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. However, how the pro-metastatic functions of AKR1C1 are switched on/off remains unknown. Methods: Immunoprecipitation and LC-MS/MS analyses were performed to identify the acetylation on AKR1C1 protein, and the functional analyses (in vitro and in vivo) were performed to depict the contribution of acetylation to the pro-metastatic effects of AKR1C1. Results: Here we report that acetylated AKR1C1 on two lysine residues K185 & K201 is critical to its pro-metastatic role. The acetylation modification has no impact on the canonical enzymatic activity of AKR1C1, while it is required for the interaction between AKR1C1 to STAT3, which triggers the downstream transduction events, ultimately mobilizing cells. Importantly, the deacetylase Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is capable of deacetylating AKR1C1, inhibiting the transactivation of STAT3 target genes, thus suppressing the migration of cells. Conclusion: Acetylation on Lysines 185 and 201 of AKR1C1 dictates its pro-metastatic potential both in vitro and in vivo, and the reverting of acetylation by Sirtuin 2 provides potential therapeutic targets for treatment against metastatic NSCLC patients with high AKR1C1 expression.
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Guo M, Peng Y, Gao A, Du C, Herman JG. Epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer. Biomark Res 2019; 7:23. [PMID: 31695915 PMCID: PMC6824025 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. Tumor genotype variations among tumors within different patients are known as interpatient heterogeneity, and variability among multiple tumors of the same type arising in the same patient is referred to as intra-patient heterogeneity. Subpopulations of cancer cells with distinct phenotypic and molecular features within a tumor are called intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). Since Nowell proposed the clonal evolution of tumor cell populations in 1976, tumor heterogeneity, especially ITH, was actively studied. Research has focused on the genetic basis of cancer, particularly mutational activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). The phenomenon of ITH is commonly explained by Darwinian-like clonal evolution of a single tumor. Despite the monoclonal origin of most cancers, new clones arise during tumor progression due to the continuous acquisition of mutations. It is clear that disruption of the "epigenetic machinery" plays an important role in cancer development. Aberrant epigenetic changes occur more frequently than gene mutations in human cancers. The epigenome is at the intersection of the environment and genome. Epigenetic dysregulation occurs in the earliest stage of cancer. The current trend of epigenetic therapy is to use epigenetic drugs to reverse and/or delay future resistance to cancer therapies. A majority of cancer therapies fail to achieve durable responses, which is often attributed to ITH. Epigenetic therapy may reverse drug resistance in heterogeneous cancer. Complete understanding of genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity may assist in designing combinations of targeted therapies based on molecular information extracted from individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhou Guo
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052 China
| | - Yaojun Peng
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Aiai Gao
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Chen Du
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - James G Herman
- 3The Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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Wang C, Shi M, Ji J, Cai Q, Jiang J, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Zhang J. A self-enforcing HOXA11/Stat3 feedback loop promotes stemness properties and peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7628-7647. [PMID: 31695791 PMCID: PMC6831465 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Peritoneal metastasis is one of the most common and life-threatening metastases in gastric cancer patients. The disseminated gastric cancer cells forming peritoneal metastasis exhibit a variety of characteristics that contrast with those of adjacent epithelial cell of gastric mucosa and even primary gastric cancer cells. We hypothesized that the gene expression profiles of peritoneal foci could reveal the identities of genes that might function as metastatic activator. Methods: In this study, we show, using in vitro, in vivo, in silico and gastric cancer tissues studies in humans and mice, that Homoebox A11 (HOXA11) potently promote peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Results: Its mechanism of action involves alternation of cancer stemness and subsequently enhancement of the adhesion, migration and invasion and anti-apoptosis. This is achieved, mainly, through formation of a positive feedback loop between HOXA11 and Stat3, which is involved in the stimulation of Stat3 signaling pathway. Conclusions: These observations uncover a novel peritoneal metastatic activator and demonstrate the association between HOXA11, Stat3 and cancer stemness of gastric cancer cells, thereby revealing a previously undescribed mechanism of peritoneal metastasis.
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Jing R, Qi T, Wen C, Yue J, Wang G, Pei C, Ma B. Interleukin-2 induces extracellular matrix synthesis and TGF-β2 expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Dev Growth Differ 2019; 61:410-418. [PMID: 31608440 PMCID: PMC6899885 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macular fibrosis is a vital obstacle of vision acuity improvement of age‐related macular degeneration patients. This study was to investigate the effects of interleukin 2 (IL‐2) on epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and transforming growth factor β2 (TGF‐β2) expression in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. 10 μg/L IL‐2 was used to induce fibrosis in RPE cells for various times. Western blot was used to detect the EMT marker α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), ECM markers fibronectin (Fn) and type 1 collagen (COL‐1), TGF‐β2, and the activation of the JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathways were specifically blocked by WP1066 or BAY11‐7082, respectively, and the expression of α‐SMA, COL‐1, Fn and TGF‐β2 protein were detected. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to measure cell migration ability of IL‐2 with or without WP1066 or BAY11‐7082. After induction of IL‐2, the expressions of Fn, COL‐1, TGF‐β2 protein were significantly increased, and this effect was correlated with IL‐2 treatment duration, while α‐SMA protein expression did not change significantly. Both WP1066 and BAY11‐7082 could effectively downregulate the expression of Fn, COL‐1 and TGF‐β2 induced by IL‐2. What's more, both NF‐κB and JAK/STAT3 inhibitors could suppress the activation of the other signaling pathway. Additionally, JAK/STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 and NF‐κB inhibitor BAY 11‐7082 could obviously decrease RPE cells migration capability induced by IL‐2. IL‐2 promotes cell migration, ECM synthesis and TGF‐β2 expression in RPE cells via JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathways, which may play an important role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chan Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Yue
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangyan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Tsang CM, Lui VWY, Bruce JP, Pugh TJ, Lo KW. Translational genomics of nasopharyngeal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 61:84-100. [PMID: 31521748 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), also named the Cantonese cancer, is a unique cancer with strong etiological association with infection of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). With particularly high prevalence in Southeast Asia, the involvement of EBV and genetic aberrations contributive to NPC tumorigenesis have remained unclear for decades. Recently, genomic analysis of NPC has defined it as a genetically homogeneous cancer, driven largely by NF-κB signaling caused by either somatic aberrations of NF-κB negative regulators or by overexpression of the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), an EBV viral oncoprotein. This represents a landmark finding of the NPC genome. Exome and RNA sequencing data from new EBV-positive NPC models also highlight the importance of PI3K pathway aberrations in NPC. We also realize for the first time that NPC mutational burden, mutational signatures, MAPK/PI3K aberrations, and MHC Class I gene aberrations, are prognostic for patient outcome. Together, these multiple genomic discoveries begin to shape the focus of NPC therapy development. Given the challenge of NF-κB targeting in human cancers, more innovative drug discovery approaches should be explored to target the unique atypical NF-κB activation feature of NPC. Our next decade of NPC research should focus on further identification of the -omic landscapes of recurrent and metastatic NPC, development of gene-based precision medicines, as well as large-scale drug screening with the newly developed and well-characterized EBV-positive NPC models. Focused preclinical and clinical investigations on these major directions may identify new and effective targeting strategies to further improve survival of NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Man Tsang
- Department of Anatomical and cellular Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jeffrey P Bruce
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and cellular Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 6 (LPAR6) Expression and Prospective Signaling Pathway Analysis in Breast Cancer. Mol Diagn Ther 2019; 23:127-138. [PMID: 30694446 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-019-00384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has widely been reported to participate in the numerous biological behaviors of tumors through its receptors. LPA receptor 6 (LPAR6) is a newly identified G protein-coupled receptor of LPA, and few studies have explored the role of LPAR6 in cancer. In breast cancer (BC), LPAR6 has not, as yet, been studied. This study aimed to evaluate LPAR6 expression in BC patients and to explore its possible role in BC. METHODS A total of 98 pairs of clinical BC and para-cancer tissues were collected, and LPAR6 expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Kaplan-Meier plots were employed for survival analysis. Human BC cell lines were cultured to study decitabine (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine [5-Aza]) intervention. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out to support the study conclusions and predictions. RESULTS LPAR6 expression was significantly reduced in BC tissues (p < 0.001). In the analysis of clinical parameters, LPAR6 expression was related to BC molecular classification (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients with higher LPAR6 expression had better prognoses (p < 0.001). The CpG islands of LPAR6 were hypermethylated in BC tissues relative to those in para-cancer tissues (p < 0.01). 5-Aza significantly upregulated LPAR6 expression in BC cell lines. Additionally, LPAR6 knockdown significantly promoted cell migration and proliferation in the ZR-75-1 cell line (p < 0.001). Finally, through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), LPAR6 was found to be negatively correlated with cancer-promoting factors and positively correlated with tumor-suppressing factors. CONCLUSION LPAR6 was downregulated in BC, and low LPAR6 expression was related to poor prognosis. The anti-tumor drug 5-Aza significantly upregulated LPAR6 expression in vitro, and LPAR6 might act as a tumor suppressor in BC.
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Di S, Li M, Ma Z, Guo K, Li X, Yan X. TRIP13 upregulation is correlated with poor prognosis and tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Rebolledo-Jaramillo B, Ziegler A. Teneurins: An Integrative Molecular, Functional, and Biomedical Overview of Their Role in Cancer. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:937. [PMID: 30618566 PMCID: PMC6297388 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Teneurins are large transmembrane proteins originally identified in Drosophila. Their essential role in development of the central nervous system is conserved throughout species, and evidence supports their involvement in organogenesis of additional tissues. Homophilic and heterophilic interactions between Teneurin paralogues mediate cellular adhesion in crucial processes such as neuronal pathfinding and synaptic organization. At the molecular level, Teneurins are proteolytically processed into distinct subdomains that have been implicated in extracellular and intracellular signaling, and in transcriptional regulation. Phylogenetic studies have shown a high degree of intra- and interspecies conservation of Teneurin genes. Accordingly, the occurrence of genetic variants has been associated with functional and phenotypic alterations in experimental systems, and with some inherited or sporadic conditions. Recently, tumor-related variations in Teneurin gene expression have been associated with patient survival in different cancers. Although these findings were incidental and molecular mechanisms were not addressed, they suggested a potential utility of Teneurin transcript levels as biomarkers for disease prognosis. Mutations and chromosomal alterations affecting Teneurin genes have been found occasionally in tumors, but literature remains scarce. The analysis of open-access molecular and clinical datasets derived from large oncologic cohorts provides an invaluable resource for the identification of additional somatic mutations. However, Teneurin variants have not been classified in terms of pathogenic risk and their phenotypic impact remains unknown. On this basis, is it plausible to hypothesize that Teneurins play a role in carcinogenesis? Does current evidence support a tumor suppressive or rather oncogenic function for these proteins? Here, we comprehensively discuss available literature with integration of molecular evidence retrieved from open-access databases. We show that Teneurins undergo somatic changes comparable to those of well-established cancer genes, and discuss their involvement in cancer-related signaling pathways. Current data strongly suggest a functional contribution of Teneurins to human carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annemarie Ziegler
- Center for Genetics and Genomics, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
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Fan J, Zhang Y, Mu J, He X, Shao B, Zhou D, Peng W, Tang J, Jiang Y, Ren G, Xiang T. TET1 exerts its anti-tumor functions via demethylating DACT2 and SFRP2 to antagonize Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:103. [PMID: 30075814 PMCID: PMC6091063 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TET1 is a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) that codes for ten-eleven translocation methyl cytosine dioxygenase1 (TET1) catalyzing the conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxy methyl cytosine as a first step of TSG demethylation. Its hypermethylation has been associated with cancer pathogenesis. However, whether TET1 plays any role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. This study investigated the expression and methylation of TET1 in NPC and confirmed its role and mechanism as a TSG. RESULTS TET1 expression was downregulated in NPC tissues compared with nasal septum deviation tissues. Demethylation of TET1 in HONE1 and HNE1 cells restored its expression with downregulated methylation, implying that TET1 was silenced by promoter hypermethylation. Ectopic expression of TET1 suppressed the growth of NPC cells, induced apoptosis, arrested cell division in G0/G1 phase, and inhibited cell migration and invasion, confirming TET1 TSG activity. TET1 decreased the expression of nuclear β-catenin and downstream target genes. Furthermore, TET1 could cause Wnt antagonists (DACT2, SFRP2) promoter demethylation and restore its expression in NPC cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we conclude that TET1 exerts its anti-tumor functions in NPC cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling via demethylation of Wnt antagonists (DACT2 and SFRP2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxia Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhao Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqian He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bianfei Shao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dishu Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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30
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Li L, Ma BBY, Chan ATC, Chan FKL, Murray P, Tao Q. Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Epigenetic Pathogenesis of Viral-Associated Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinomas and Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphomas. Pathogens 2018; 7:pathogens7030063. [PMID: 30022006 PMCID: PMC6161003 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer genome studies of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors, including lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas (LELC) of nasopharyngeal (NPC), gastric (EBVaGC) and lung tissues, and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), reveal a unique feature of genomic alterations with fewer gene mutations detected than other common cancers. It is known now that epigenetic alterations play a critical role in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated tumors. As an oncogenic virus, EBV establishes its latent and lytic infections in B-lymphoid and epithelial cells, utilizing hijacked cellular epigenetic machinery. EBV-encoded oncoproteins modulate cellular epigenetic machinery to reprogram viral and host epigenomes, especially in the early stage of infection, using host epigenetic regulators. The genome-wide epigenetic alterations further inactivate a series of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) and disrupt key cellular signaling pathways, contributing to EBV-associated cancer initiation and progression. Profiling of genome-wide CpG methylation changes (CpG methylome) have revealed a unique epigenotype of global high-grade methylation of TSGs in EBV-associated tumors. Here, we have summarized recent advances of epigenetic alterations in EBV-associated tumors (LELCs and NKTCL), highlighting the importance of epigenetic etiology in EBV-associated tumorigenesis. Epigenetic study of these EBV-associated tumors will discover valuable biomarkers for their early detection and prognosis prediction, and also develop effective epigenetic therapeutics for these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Brigette B Y Ma
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Anthony T C Chan
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Paul Murray
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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A nanomedicine approach enables co-delivery of cyclosporin A and gefitinib to potentiate the therapeutic efficacy in drug-resistant lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2018; 3:16. [PMID: 29942660 PMCID: PMC6013461 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-018-0019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance, accounting for therapeutic failure in the clinic, remains a major challenge to effectively manage cancer. Cyclosporin A (CsA) can reverse multidrug resistance (MDR), especially resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, the application of both drugs in cancer therapies is hampered by their poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability due to oral administration. CsA augments the potency of gefitinib (Gef) in both Gef-sensitive and Gef-resistant cell lines. Here, we show that the simultaneous encapsulation of CsA and Gef within polyethylene glycol-block-poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) produced a stable and systemically injectable nanomedicine, which exhibited a sub-50-nm diameter and spherical structures. Impressively, the co-delivery of therapeutics via single nanoparticles (NPs) outperformed the oral administration of the free drug combination at suppressing tumor growth. Furthermore, in vivo results indicated that CsA formulated in NPs sensitized Gef-resistant cells and Gef-resistant tumors to Gef treatment by inactivating the STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Collectively, our nanomedicine approach not only provides an alternative administration route for the drugs of choice but also effectively reverses MDR, facilitating the development of effective therapeutic modalities for cancer. Injection of nanoparticles containing the anticancer drug gefitinib and the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A reverses drug-resistant cancer growth in mice. The development of multidrug resistance is the main reason why many forms of chemotherapy fail. Cyclosporin A, a drug used to prevent immune rejection after organ transplantation, has previously been shown to enhance the potency of gefitinib. Hangxiang Wang and colleagues at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, have successfully combined cyclosporin A and gefitinib, two poorly water-soluble and slowly absorbed drugs, into stable injectable nanoparticles that delay the growth of gefitinib resistant human lung cancer cells as well as the growth of drug resistant tumors in mice. Importantly, this novel co-formulation was more effective than oral co-administration of the two drugs. Further investigation into this drug delivery route could yield much needed alternative treatments for patients with multidrug-resistant cancers.
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