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Zack SR, Alzoubi O, Satoeya N, Singh KP, Deen S, Nijim W, Lewis MJ, Pitzalis C, Sweiss N, Ivashkiv LB, Shahrara S. Another Notch in the Belt of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:1475-1487. [PMID: 38961731 PMCID: PMC11421962 DOI: 10.1002/art.42937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Notch ligands and receptors, including JAG1/2, DLL1/4, and Notch1/3, are enriched on macrophages (MΦs), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and/or endothelial cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with normal synovial tissues (ST). Power Doppler ultrasound-guided ST studies reveal that the Notch family is highly involved in early active RA, especially during neovascularization. In contrast, the Notch family is not implicated during the erosive stage, evidenced by their lack of correlation with radiographic damage in RA ST. Toll-like receptors and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are the common inducers of Notch expression in RA MΦs, FLS, and endothelial cells. Among Notch ligands, JAG1 and/or DLL4 are most inducible by inflammatory responses in RA MΦs or endothelial cells and transactivate their receptors on RA FLS. TNF plays a central role on Notch ligands, as anti-TNF good responders display JAG1/2 and DLL1/4 transcriptional downregulation in RA ST myeloid cells. In in vitro studies, TNF increases Notch3 expression in MΦs, which is further amplified by RA FLS addition. Specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs reduced JAG1 and Notch3 expression in MΦ and RA FLS cocultures. Organoids containing FLS and endothelial cells have increased expression of JAG1 and Notch3. Nonetheless, Methotrexate, interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibodies, and B cell blockers are mostly ineffective at decreasing Notch family expression. NF-κB, MAPK, and AKT pathways are involved in Notch signaling, whereas JAK/STATs are not. Although Notch blockade has been effective in RA preclinical studies, its small molecule inhibitors have failed in phase I and II studies, suggesting that alternative strategies may be required to intercept their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Zack
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Osama Alzoubi
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Neha Satoeya
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kunwar P Singh
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sania Deen
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wes Nijim
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, UK, Humanitas University and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadera Sweiss
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lionel B Ivashkiv
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Shiva Shahrara
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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2
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Wu T, Wang L, Gao C, Jian C, Liu Y, Fu Z, Shi C. Treg-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Roles in Diseases and Theranostics. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2659-2672. [PMID: 38695194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subset of CD4+ T cells, are indispensable in maintaining immune self-tolerance and have been utilized in various diseases. Treg-derived extracellular vesicles (Treg-EVs) have been discovered to play an important role in the mechanism of Treg functions. As cell-derived membranous particles, EVs carry multiple bioactive substances that possess tremendous potential for theranostics. Treg-EVs are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, carrying proteins and miRNAs inherited from the parental cells. To comprehensively understand the function of Treg-EVs, here we reviewed the classification of Treg-EVs, the active molecules in Treg-EVs, their various applications in diseases, and the existing challenges for Treg-EVs based theranostics. This Review aims to clarify the feasibility and potential of Treg-EVs in diseases and theranostics, facilitating further research and application of Treg-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiwen Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
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3
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Zack SR, Meyer A, Zanotti B, Volin MV, Deen S, Satoeya N, Sweiss N, Lewis MJ, Pitzalis C, Kitajewski JK, Shahrara S. Notch ligands are biomarkers of anti-TNF response in RA patients. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:273-283. [PMID: 37796367 PMCID: PMC10995106 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Notch and its ligands play a critical role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Hence, studies were conducted to delineate the functional significance of the Notch pathway in RA synovial tissue (ST) cells and the influence of RA therapies on their expression. Morphological studies reveal that JAG1, DLL4, and Notch1 are highly enriched in RA ST lining and sublining CD68+CD14+ MΦs. JAG1 and DLL4 transcription is jointly upregulated in RA MΦs reprogrammed by TLR4/5 ligation and TNF, whereas Syntenin-1 exposure expands JAG1, DLL4, and Notch1 expression levels in these cells. Single-cell RNA-seq data exhibit that JAG1 and Notch3 are overexpressed on all fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) subpopulations, in parallel, JAG2, DLL1, and Notch1 expression levels are modest on RA FLS and are predominately potentiated by TLR4 ligation. Intriguingly, JAG1, DLL1/4, and Notch1/3 are presented on RA endothelial cells, and their expression is mutually reconfigured by TLR4/5 ligation in the endothelium. Synovial JAG1/JAG2/DLL1 or Notch1/3 transcriptomes were unchanged in patients who received disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or IL-6R Ab therapy regardless of disease activity score. Uniquely, RA MΦs and endothelial cells rewired by IL-6 displayed DLL4 transcriptional upregulation, and IL-6R antibody treatment disrupted RA ST DLL4 transcription in good responders compared to non-responders or moderate responders. Nevertheless, the JAG1/JAG2/DLL1/DLL4 transcriptome was diminished in anti-TNF good responders with myeloid pathotype and was unaltered in the fibroid pathotype except for DLL4. Taken together, our findings suggest that RA myeloid Notch ligands can serve as markers for anti-TNF responsiveness and trans-activate Notch receptors expressed on RA FLS and/or endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Zack
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anja Meyer
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Zanotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Michael V Volin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Sania Deen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neha Satoeya
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nadera Sweiss
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Shiva Shahrara
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Su QY, Li HC, Jiang XJ, Jiang ZQ, Zhang Y, Zhang HY, Zhang SX. Exploring the therapeutic potential of regulatory T cell in rheumatoid arthritis: Insights into subsets, markers, and signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116440. [PMID: 38518605 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by an imbalance between immunological reactivity and immune tolerance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which play a crucial role in controlling ongoing autoimmunity and maintaining peripheral tolerance, have shown great potential for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as RA. This review aims to provide an updated summary of the latest insights into Treg-targeting techniques in RA. We focus on current therapeutic strategies for targeting Tregs based on discussing their subsets, surface markers, suppressive function, and signaling pathways in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yi Su
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Rheumatology, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huan-Cheng Li
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Jiang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qing Jiang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - He-Yi Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Rheumatology, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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5
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Zerrouk N, Alcraft R, Hall BA, Augé F, Niarakis A. Large-scale computational modelling of the M1 and M2 synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:10. [PMID: 38272919 PMCID: PMC10811231 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role in rheumatoid arthritis. Depending on their phenotype (M1 or M2), they can play a role in the initiation or resolution of inflammation. The M1/M2 ratio in rheumatoid arthritis is higher than in healthy controls. Despite this, no treatment targeting specifically macrophages is currently used in clinics. Thus, devising strategies to selectively deplete proinflammatory macrophages and promote anti-inflammatory macrophages could be a promising therapeutic approach. State-of-the-art molecular interaction maps of M1 and M2 macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis are available and represent a dense source of knowledge; however, these maps remain limited by their static nature. Discrete dynamic modelling can be employed to study the emergent behaviours of these systems. Nevertheless, handling such large-scale models is challenging. Due to their massive size, it is computationally demanding to identify biologically relevant states in a cell- and disease-specific context. In this work, we developed an efficient computational framework that converts molecular interaction maps into Boolean models using the CaSQ tool. Next, we used a newly developed version of the BMA tool deployed to a high-performance computing cluster to identify the models' steady states. The identified attractors are then validated using gene expression data sets and prior knowledge. We successfully applied our framework to generate and calibrate the M1 and M2 macrophage Boolean models for rheumatoid arthritis. Using KO simulations, we identified NFkB, JAK1/JAK2, and ERK1/Notch1 as potential targets that could selectively suppress proinflammatory macrophages and GSK3B as a promising target that could promote anti-inflammatory macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naouel Zerrouk
- GenHotel, Laboratoire Européen de Recherche Pour La Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde, University Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Evry, France
- Sanofi R&D Data and Data Science, Artificial Intelligence & Deep Analytics, Omics Data Science, 1, Av Pierre Brossolette, 91385, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Rachel Alcraft
- Advanced Research Computing Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin A Hall
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Franck Augé
- Sanofi R&D Data and Data Science, Artificial Intelligence & Deep Analytics, Omics Data Science, 1, Av Pierre Brossolette, 91385, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Anna Niarakis
- GenHotel, Laboratoire Européen de Recherche Pour La Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde, University Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Evry, France.
- Lifeware Group, Inria Saclay, Palaiseau, France.
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6
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Dwivedi SD, Yadav K, Bhoi A, Sahu KK, Sangwan N, Singh D, Singh MR. Targeting Pathways and Integrated Approaches to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:87-102. [PMID: 38305342 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023044719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic symmetrical systemic disorder that not only affects joints but also other organs such as heart, lungs, kidney, and liver. Approximately there is 0.5%-1% of the total population affected by RA. RA pathogenesis still remains unclear due to which its appropriate treatment is a challenge. Further, multitudes of factors have been reported to affect its progression i.e. genetic factor, environmental factor, immune factor, and oxidative factor. Therapeutic approaches available for the treatment of RA include NSAIDs, DMARDs, enzymatic, hormonal, and gene therapies. But most of them provide the symptomatic relief without treating the core of the disease. This makes it obligatory to explore and reach the molecular targets for cure and long-term relief from RA. Herein, we attempt to provide extensive overlay of the new targets for RA treatment such as signaling pathways, proteins, and receptors affecting the progression of the disease and its severity. Precise modification in these targets such as suppressing the notch signaling pathway, SIRT 3 protein, Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor and stimulating the neuronal signals particularly efferent vagus nerve and SIRT 1 protein may offer long term relief and potentially diminish the chronicity. To target or alter the novel molecules and signaling pathway a specific delivery system is required such as liposome, nanoparticles and micelles and many more. Present review paper discusses in detail about novel targets and delivery systems for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Anita Bhoi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
| | - Keshav Kant Sahu
- School of studies in biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G), 492010, India
| | - Neelam Sangwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of pharmacy, Pt.Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur.(C.G.) 2. National centre for natural resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur
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7
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Zhao F, He Y, Zhao Z, He J, Huang H, Ai K, Liu L, Cai X. The Notch signaling-regulated angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1272133. [PMID: 38022508 PMCID: PMC10643158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1272133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathological process of inflammation and invasion of the synovium, and primarily drives the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent studies have demonstrated that the Notch signaling may represent a new therapeutic target of RA. Although the Notch signaling has been implicated in the M1 polarization of macrophages and the differentiation of lymphocytes, little is known about its role in angiogenesis in RA. In this review, we discourse the unique roles of stromal cells and adipokines in the angiogenic progression of RA, and investigate how epigenetic regulation of the Notch signaling influences angiogenesis in RA. We also discuss the interaction of the Notch-HIF signaling in RA's angiogenesis and the potential strategies targeting the Notch signaling to improve the treatment outcomes of RA. Taken together, we further suggest new insights into future research regarding the challenges in the therapeutic strategies of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology of The First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yini He
- Department of Rheumatology of The First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiarong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Rheumatology of The First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Department of Rheumatology of The First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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8
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Innate and adaptive immune abnormalities underlying autoimmune diseases: the genetic connections. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023:10.1007/s11427-021-2187-3. [PMID: 36738430 PMCID: PMC9898710 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the exception of an extremely small number of cases caused by single gene mutations, most autoimmune diseases result from the complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. In a nutshell, etiology of the common autoimmune disorders is unknown in spite of progress elucidating certain effector cells and molecules responsible for pathologies associated with inflammatory and tissue damage. In recent years, population genetics approaches have greatly enriched our knowledge regarding genetic susceptibility of autoimmunity, providing us with a window of opportunities to comprehensively re-examine autoimmunity-associated genes and possible pathways. In this review, we aim to discuss etiology and pathogenesis of common autoimmune disorders from the perspective of human genetics. An overview of the genetic basis of autoimmunity is followed by 3 chapters detailing susceptibility genes involved in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and inflammatory cell death processes respectively. With such attempts, we hope to expand the scope of thinking and bring attention to lesser appreciated molecules and pathways as important contributors of autoimmunity beyond the 'usual suspects' of a limited subset of validated therapeutic targets.
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9
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Li XF, Yin SQ, Li H, Yang YL, Chen X, Song B, Wu S, Wu YY, Wang H, Li J. PPAR-γ alleviates the inflammatory response in TNF-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes by binding to p53 in rheumatoid arthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:454-464. [PMID: 35918412 PMCID: PMC9889328 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial inflammation, synoviocyte expansion and damage to cartilage and bone. We recently reported that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ inhibited the proliferation and activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and was downregulated in RA synovial. In this study we investigated the role of PPAR-γ in RA and the underlying mechanisms. Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was induced in rats; from D15, AIA rats were orally administered pioglitazone (30 mg·kg-1·d-1) or rosiglitazone (4 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 14 days. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was induced in wild-type and Ppar-γ+/- mice. We showed that the expression of PPAR-γ was significantly reduced, whereas that of TNF-α was markedly increased in human RA FLS. In CIA mice, knockdown of PPAR-γ expression (Ppar-γ+/-) aggravated the ankle inflammation. Similarly, T0070907 (a PPAR-γ antagonist) or si-PPAR-γ promoted the activation and inflammation of TNF-α-induced FLS in vitro. On the contrary, administration of PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone or rosiglitazone, or injection of ad-Ppar-γ into the ankle of AIA rat in vivo induced overexpression of PPAR-γ, reduced the paw swelling and inflammation, and downregulated activation and inflammation of FLS in RA. Interesting, injection of ad-Ppar-γ into the ankle also reversed the ankle inflammation in Ppar-γ+/- CIA mice. We conducted RNA-sequencing and KEGG pathway analysis, and revealed that PPAR-γ overexpression was closely related to p53 signaling pathway in TNF-α-induced FLS. Co-IP study confirmed that p53 protein was bound to PPAR-γ in RA FLS. Taken together, PPAR-γ alleviates the inflammatory response of TNF-α-induced FLS by binding p53 in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shu-Qin Yin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Pharmacy Department, Chizhou People's Hospital, Chizhou, 247000, China
| | - Hao Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Li Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Biao Song
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Disease Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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10
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Yang B, Fu C, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wu D, Gan Z, Chen Z, Cao Y. γ-secretase inhibitors suppress IL-20-mediated osteoclastogenesis via Notch signaling and are affected by Notch2 in vitro. Scand J Immunol 2022; 96:e13169. [PMID: 35384009 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune disease involving the small joints, which often causes irreversible damage. In recent years, elevated interleukin 20 (IL-20) has been observed in synovial fluid, while IL-20 receptor overexpression has been observed in synovial cells. IL-20 is a pleiotropic cytokine that participates in various immune diseases. Further understanding of the relationship between IL-20 and RA can help to identify a potential clinical treatment for RA. This study demonstrated that IL-20 can regulate osteoclast differentiation and function in a dose-dependent manner, while influencing the expression of Notch signaling. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that γ-secretase-inhibiting drugs can reverse the effects of IL-20. The effects of Notch2 on IL-20-induced osteoclastogenesis were investigated by immunofluorescence and Notch2 gene silencing via transfection of small interfering RNA; the results showed that Notch2 obviously affected the expression levels of the key protein NFATc1 and downstream osteoclastic proteins. In conclusion, we found that IL-20 regulated the osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner via Notch signaling, primarily by means of Notch2 activity. This study may help to find new targets for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyi Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoran Fu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanbo Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongle Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Gan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Notch signaling pathway: architecture, disease, and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:95. [PMID: 35332121 PMCID: PMC8948217 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOTCH gene was identified approximately 110 years ago. Classical studies have revealed that NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway. NOTCH receptors undergo three cleavages and translocate into the nucleus to regulate the transcription of target genes. NOTCH signaling deeply participates in the development and homeostasis of multiple tissues and organs, the aberration of which results in cancerous and noncancerous diseases. However, recent studies indicate that the outcomes of NOTCH signaling are changeable and highly dependent on context. In terms of cancers, NOTCH signaling can both promote and inhibit tumor development in various types of cancer. The overall performance of NOTCH-targeted therapies in clinical trials has failed to meet expectations. Additionally, NOTCH mutation has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in many cancers. Collectively, the NOTCH pathway needs to be integrally assessed with new perspectives to inspire discoveries and applications. In this review, we focus on both classical and the latest findings related to NOTCH signaling to illustrate the history, architecture, regulatory mechanisms, contributions to physiological development, related diseases, and therapeutic applications of the NOTCH pathway. The contributions of NOTCH signaling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy are also highlighted. We hope this review will help not only beginners but also experts to systematically and thoroughly understand the NOTCH signaling pathway.
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12
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Jiao WE, Sun L, Xu S, Deng YQ, Qiao YL, Xi Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Notch2 suppresses the development of allergic rhinitis by promoting FOXP3 expression and Treg cell differentiation. Life Sci 2021; 284:119922. [PMID: 34480930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Notch signaling is closely related to a variety of diseases, but the role of Notch2 in allergic rhinitis (AR) remain unclear. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Notch2 on the differentiation of Treg cells and on the inflammatory response of AR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood (including 101 AR patients and 66 Controls) and nasal mucosa (including 19 AR patients and 17 Controls) were collected to detect the expression levels of Notch2, NICD2 and FOXP3. CD4+ T cells of human origin were selected to detect the effects of Notch2 on the differentiation of Treg cells and FOXP3. An AR mouse model was established, and lentiviruses overexpressing Notch2 were administered. Then, allergic symptoms, OVA-sIgE titers, nasal mucosal inflammation, Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and splenic Treg cells were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Compared with that in the Control group, the expression of Notch2 in the AR group was decreased, and Notch2 expression was negatively correlated with the degree of allergy (P < 0.01). The expression levels of Notch2, NICD2 and FOXP3 were decreased in the nasal mucosa of AR patients. Notch2 can promote the differentiation of human Treg cells in vitro (P < 0.05), and Notch2 can directly promote FOXP3 transcription. Animal experiments showed after the upregulation of Notch2 expression, the allergic inflammatory of mice with AR was reduced, the differentiation of Treg cells was increased, and the imbalance of T cells was reversed (P < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Notch2 promotes the differentiation of Treg cells by upregulating FOXP3 expression, thus significantly inhibiting the inflammatory response of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Liu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of The Central Theater Command of The People's Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yue-Long Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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13
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Zou H, Zhou N, Huang Y, Luo A, Sun J. Phenotypes, roles, and modulation of regulatory lymphocytes in periodontitis and its associated systemic diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:451-467. [PMID: 33884656 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3vmr0321-027rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that can result in tooth loss and poses a risk to systemic health. Lymphocytes play important roles in periodontitis through multiple mechanisms. Regulatory lymphocytes including regulatory B cells (Bregs) and T cells (Tregs) are the main immunosuppressive cells that maintain immune homeostasis, and are critical to our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontitis and the development of effective treatments. In this review, we discuss the phenotypes, roles, and modulating strategies of regulatory lymphocytes including Bregs and Tregs in periodontitis and frequently cooccurring inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer disease, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. The current evidence suggests that restoring immune balance through therapeutic targeting of regulatory lymphocytes is a promising strategy for the treatment of periodontitis and other systemic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niu Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilian Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aoxiang Luo
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Sun
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Christopoulos PF, Gjølberg TT, Krüger S, Haraldsen G, Andersen JT, Sundlisæter E. Targeting the Notch Signaling Pathway in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:668207. [PMID: 33912195 PMCID: PMC8071949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway regulates developmental cell-fate decisions and has recently also been linked to inflammatory diseases. Although therapies targeting Notch signaling in inflammation in theory are attractive, their design and implementation have proven difficult, at least partly due to the broad involvement of Notch signaling in regenerative and homeostatic processes. In this review, we summarize the supporting role of Notch signaling in various inflammation-driven diseases, and highlight efforts to intervene with this pathway by targeting Notch ligands and/or receptors with distinct therapeutic strategies, including antibody designs. We discuss this in light of lessons learned from Notch targeting in cancer treatment. Finally, we elaborate on the impact of individual Notch members in inflammation, which may lay the foundation for development of therapeutic strategies in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Torleif T. Gjølberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Eye Research and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Krüger
- Department of Pathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Sundlisæter
- Department of Pathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Carbon Nanotubes-Potent Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040453. [PMID: 33801590 PMCID: PMC8066293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two types of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), HiPco- and carboxyl-SWCNT, are evaluated as drug carriers for the traditional anti-inflammatory drug methotrexate (MTX) and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NOTCH1 gene. The nanotubes are solubilized by PEGylation and covalently loaded with MTX. The coupling efficiency (CE%) of MTX is 77–79% for HiPco-SWCNT and 71–83% for carboxyl-SWCNT. siRNA is noncovalently attached to the nanotubes with efficiency of 90–97% for HiPco-SWCNT and 87–98% for carboxyl-SWCNT. Through whole body imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II window, 1000–1700 nm), SWCNTs were found to be selectively accumulated in inflamed joints in a serum transfer mouse model. We further investigated the interactions of the siRNA/MTX loaded nanotubes with human blood and mice bone marrow cells. In human blood, both types of unloaded SWCNTs were associated with B cells, monocytes and neutrophils. Interestingly, loading with MTX suppressed SWCNTs targeting specificity to immune cells, especially B cells; in contrast, loading siRNA alone enhanced the targeting specificity. Loading both MTX and siRNA to carboxyl-SWCNT enhanced targeting specificity to neutrophils and monocytes but not B cells. The targeting specificity of SWCNTs can potentially be adjusted by altering the ratio of MTX and siRNA loaded. The combined results show that carbon nanotubes have the potential for delivery of cargo drugs specifically to immune cells involved in rheumatoid arthritis.
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16
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Orchestrated modulation of rheumatoid arthritis via crosstalking intracellular signaling pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:965-974. [PMID: 33740220 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00800-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling is considered a part of a network for communication that regulates basic cellular activities. The ability of cells to communicate correctly to the surrounding environment has an important role in development, tissue repair, and immunity as well as normal tissue homeostasis. Dysregulated activation and crosstalk between many intracellular signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), such as the Janus Kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), Toll-like receptor/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR/NF-κB), phosphatidylinositide-3Kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI-3K/AKT/mTOR), the stress activated protein kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (SAPK/MAPK), and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) pathways. Other interrelated pathways that can be targeted to halt the inflammatory status in the disease are purinergic 2X7 receptor (P2X7R)/nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 or inflammasome (NLRP-3)/NF-κB and Notch pathways. In this review, we will show the orchestrated modulation in the pathogenesis of RA via the crossregulation between dysregulated signaling pathways which can mediate a sustained loop of activation for these signaling pathways as well as aggrevate the inflammatory condition. Also, this review will highlight many targets that can be useful in the development of more effective therapeutic options.
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17
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Huang C, Zheng Y, Bai J, Shi C, Shi X, Shan H, Zhou X. Hepatocyte growth factor overexpression promotes osteoclastogenesis and exacerbates bone loss in CIA mice. J Orthop Translat 2020; 27:9-16. [PMID: 33344167 PMCID: PMC7732867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that promotes various biological processes. However, the effect of HGF on bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of HGF in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in RA. Methods The expression of HGF in RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice was examined. The role of HGF on osteoclastogenesis was analysed by osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption assays. The effect of HGF inhibition was evaluated in a CIA mice model. The mechanism of HGF in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption was explored by a series of in vitro studies. Results HGF was overexpressed in CIA and RA. HGF stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro. SU11274, a selective small molecule blocker of c-Met, impeded the effect of HGF on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. HGF regulated osteoclastogenesis by JNK and AKT-GSK-3β-NFATc1 signallings. SU11274 protected CIA mice from pathological bone loss. Conclusions These data strongly suggest that the highly expressed HGF in the joint tissues contributes to bone loss in RA. Inhibition of HGF/c-Met could effectively alleviate pathological bone loss and inflammatory symptoms in CIA mice. HGF/c-Met may be used as a new target for the treatment of bone loss in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, 223800, China
| | - Yufan Zheng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, 223800, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
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18
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Yang L, Wang G, Xia H. Molecular mechanism for impaired suppressive function of Tregs in autoimmune diseases: A summary of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11056-11063. [PMID: 32881301 PMCID: PMC7576235 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are responsible for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. In immune homeostasis condition, Tregs exert their suppressive function through inhibiting the proliferation of effector T cells. In response to environmental signals, Tregs display phenotypic heterogeneity and altered stability, which endows their suppressive function in a context-dependent manner. Compelling evidence indicates deficiency of Treg suppressive function is related to the immunopathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Consequently, it is vital to further our understanding of the molecular mechanism accounting for the regulation of Treg suppressive functions. In this review, we outline the current knowledge that highlights how cell-intrinsic factors, such as inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, signalling pathways, post-translational modification (PTM), miRNAs, protein and protein complex, and cell-extrinsic factors orchestrate the suppressive function of Tregs. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanism related to the suppressive functional property of Tregs should provide new insights into autoimmunity and disease pathogenesis, which offers opportunity for identifying new therapeutic targets for Treg-related autoimmune diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Yang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Zhou W, Yang J, Saren G, Zhao H, Cao K, Fu S, Pan X, Zhang H, Wang A, Chen X. HDAC6-specific inhibitor suppresses Th17 cell function via the HIF-1α pathway in acute lung allograft rejection in mice. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:6790-6805. [PMID: 32550904 PMCID: PMC7295069 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous animal experiments and clinical studies indicated the critical role of Th17 cells in lung transplant rejection. Therefore, the downregulation of Th17 cell function in lung transplant recipients is of great interest. Methods: We established an orthotopic mouse lung transplantation model to investigate the role of histone deacetylase 6-specific inhibitor (HDAC6i), Tubastatin A, in the suppression of Th17 cells and attenuation of pathologic lesions in lung allografts. Moreover, mechanism studies were conducted in vitro. Results: Tubastatin A downregulated Th17 cell function in acute lung allograft rejection, prolonged the survival of lung allografts, and attenuated acute rejection by suppressing Th17 cell accumulation. Consistently, exogenous IL-17A supplementation eliminated the protective effect of Tubastatin A. Also, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was overexpressed in a lung transplantation mouse model. HIF-1α deficiency suppressed Th17 cell function and attenuated lung allograft rejection by downregulating retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (ROR γt) expression. We showed that HDAC6i downregulated HIF-1α transcriptional activity under Th17-skewing conditions in vitro and promoted HIF-1α protein degradation in lung allografts. HDAC6i did not affect the suppression of HIF-1α-/- naïve CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th17 cell and attenuation of acute lung allograft rejection in HIF-1α-deficient recipient mice. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Tubastatin A downregulates Th17 cell function and suppresses acute lung allograft rejection, at least partially, via the HIF-1α/ RORγt pathway.
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Šućur A, Filipović M, Flegar D, Kelava T, Šisl D, Lukač N, Kovačić N, Grčević D. Notch receptors and ligands in inflammatory arthritis - a systematic review. Immunol Lett 2020; 223:106-114. [PMID: 32325090 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch pathway is highly conserved across species and is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation and activity both in embryonic development and adult life. Notch signaling has an important role in the development of hematopoietic stem cells and their differentiation to committed lineages, as well as in the regulation of several non-hematopoietic cell lines. OBJECTIVE As Notch signaling has been implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, it is of interest to elucidate what role do Notch receptors and ligands have in inflammatory arthritides. METHODS We performed a search on the role of Notch receptors (1-4) and Notch ligands Delta-like (DLL) 1, 3, 4 and Jagged (Jag) 1 and 2 in animal models of inflammatory arthritis and most common types of human inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis). The initial search identified 135 unique articles, of which 24 were ultimately deemed relevant and included in this systematic review. RESULTS Overall, identified articles describe roles for Notch ligands and receptors in inflammatory arthritis, with Notch activation resulting in enhanced Th1/17 polarization, osteoclast differentiation, macrophage activation and fibroblast-like synoviocyte proliferation. However, the inhibitory role of Notch signaling, especially by Jag1 is also described. CONCLUSION There is evidence that Notch pathway activation affects multiple cell lineages present within the arthritic environment, therefore potentially acting as one of the drivers of disease pathogenesis. Since cell lineage-selective transgenic mouse models and specific Notch receptor inhibitors are becoming increasingly available, it can be expected that future research will evaluate whether Notch signaling components initiate crucial pathogenic impulses and, therefore, present viable therapeutic targets in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Šućur
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Maša Filipović
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Darja Flegar
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Kelava
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Dino Šisl
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 3, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Nina Lukač
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 11, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Nataša Kovačić
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia; Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 11, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia
| | - Danka Grčević
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR 10000, Croatia.
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Xing J, Wang Z, Xu H, Liu C, Wei Z, Zhao L, Ren L. Pak2 inhibition promotes resveratrol-mediated glioblastoma A172 cell apoptosis via modulating the AMPK-YAP signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6563-6573. [PMID: 32017068 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As a polyphenolic compound, resveratrol (Res) is widely present in a variety of plants. Previous studies have shown that Res can inhibit various tumors. However, its role in c remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we first demonstrated that Res inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis of glioblastoma A172 cell. Further experiments showed that Res induced mitochondrial dysfunction and activated the activity of caspase-9. Functional studies have found that Res treatment is associated with an increase in the expression of Pak2. Interestingly, inhibition of Pak2 could further augment the proapoptotic effect of Res. Mechanistically, Pak2 inhibition induced reactive oxygen species overproduction, mitochondria-JNK pathway activation, and AMPK-YAP axis suppression. However, overexpression of YAP could abolish the anticancer effects of Res and Pak2 inhibition, suggesting a necessary role played by the AMPK-YAP pathway in regulating cancer-suppressive actions of Res and Pak2 inhibition. Altogether, our results indicated that Res in combination with Pak2 inhibition could further enhance the anticancer property of Res and this effect is mediated via the AMPK-YAP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaobo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Keewan E, Naser SA. The Role of Notch Signaling in Macrophages during Inflammation and Infection: Implication in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Cells 2020; 9:cells9010111. [PMID: 31906482 PMCID: PMC7016800 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling coordinates numerous cellular processes and has been implicated in many pathological conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the role of Notch signaling in development, maturation, differentiation, and activation of lymphocytes has been comprehensively reported, less is known about its role in myeloid cells. Certainly, limited data are available about the role of Notch signaling in macrophages during inflammation and infection. In this review, we discuss the recent advances pertaining to the role of Notch signaling in differentiation, activation, and metabolism of macrophages during inflammation and infection. We also highlight the reciprocal interplay between Notch signaling and other signaling pathways in macrophages under different inflammatory and infectious conditions including pathogenesis of RA. Finally, we discuss approaches that could consider Notch signaling as a potential therapeutic target against infection- and inflammation-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saleh A. Naser
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-407-823-0955; Fax: +1-407-823-0956
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23
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Xu S, Kong YG, Jiao WE, Yang R, Qiao YL, Xu Y, Tao ZZ, Chen SM. Tangeretin promotes regulatory T cell differentiation by inhibiting Notch1/Jagged1 signaling in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:402-412. [PMID: 31030096 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tangeretin demonstrates broad anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to assess whether tangeretin functions in regulating T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and alleviating allergic rhinitis (AR). METHODS An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR animal model was constructed to monitor the changes in the allergic symptom score, OVA-specific IgE titers, histopathological characteristics and T-helper cell (Th1, Th2, and Th17)-related cytokine levels under tangeretin or dexamethasone (DXM) administration. The expression levels of Notch1/Jagged1 and FOXP3, and the proportion of Tregs in the spleens of these animals, were also detected. Furthermore, purified naive CD4 + T cells were utilized to assess the effects of tangeretin on Notch1 expression and their differentiation in vitro. RESULTS Both tangeretin and DXM administration alleviated airway inflammation, decreased the production of serum OVA-induced IgE, but only tangeretin administration restored the balance of cytokine profiles compared with those in the AR group. The abundance of splenic CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg cells and the transcription factor FOXP3 were significantly increased under tangeretin treatment, either in AR mice or in naïve CD4 + T-cell differentiation, followed by a concomitant reduction in Notch1/Jagged1 expression. However, as a positive control, the treatment of allergic rhinitis with dexamethasone was not related to the expression of Notch1/Jagged1 or the differentiation of Treg cells. CONCLUSION Tangeretin could promote regulatory T cell responses by inhibiting Notch1/Jagged1 expression, followed by promoting FOXP3/Treg cell differentiation and thus could serve as a novel curative therapeutic for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yue-Long Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shi-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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