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Chen M, Zhu Q, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Yang H. Recent Advances in Photosensitizer Materials for Light-Mediated Tumor Therapy. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400268. [PMID: 38578217 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an emerging therapeutic method has drawn much attention in the treatment field for cancer. Photosensitizer, which can convert photon energy into cytotoxic species under light irradiation, is the core component in PDT. The design of photosensitizers still faces problems of light absorption, targeting, penetration and oxygen dependence. With the rapid progress of material science, various photosensitizers have been developed to produce cytotoxic species for treatment of tumor with high selectivity, safety, and noninvasiveness. Besides, the applications of photosensitizers have been expanded to diverse cancer treatments such as drug release, optogenetics and immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of photosensitizers in various therapeutic methods for cancer. Prevailing challenges and further prospects associated with photosensitizers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minle Chen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianru Zhu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiushui Chen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
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2
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Tsang CY, Zhang Y. Nanomaterials for light-mediated therapeutics in deep tissue. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2898-2931. [PMID: 38265834 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00862b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Light-mediated therapeutics, including photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy and light-triggered drug delivery, have been widely studied due to their high specificity and effective therapy. However, conventional light-mediated therapies usually depend on the activation of light-sensitive molecules with UV or visible light, which have poor penetration in biological tissues. Over the past decade, efforts have been made to engineer nanosystems that can generate luminescence through excitation with near-infrared (NIR) light, ultrasound or X-ray. Certain nanosystems can even carry out light-mediated therapy through chemiluminescence, eliminating the need for external activation. Compared to UV or visible light, these 4 excitation modes penetrate more deeply into biological tissues, triggering light-mediated therapy in deeper tissues. In this review, we systematically report the design and mechanisms of different luminescent nanosystems excited by the 4 excitation sources, methods to enhance the generated luminescence, and recent applications of such nanosystems in deep tissue light-mediated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Yin Tsang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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3
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Di Y, Deng R, Liu Z, Mao Y, Gao Y, Zhao Q, Wang S. Optimized strategies of ROS-based nanodynamic therapies for tumor theranostics. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122391. [PMID: 37995457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in regulating the metabolism of tumor growth, metastasis, death and other biological processes. ROS-based nanodynamic therapies (NDTs) are becoming attractive due to non-invasive, low side effects and tumor-specific advantages. NDTs have rapidly developed into numerous branches, such as photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy and so on. However, the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and the limitations of existing sensitizers have greatly restricted the therapeutic effects of NDTs, which heavily rely on ROS levels. To address the limitations of NDTs, various strategies have been developed to increase ROS yield, which is an urgent aspect for the positive development of NDTs. In this review, the nanodynamic potentiation strategies in terms of unique properties and universalities of NDTs are comprehensively outlined. We mainly summarize the current dilemmas faced by each NDT and the respective solutions. Meanwhile, the NDTs universalities-based potentiation strategies and NDTs-based combined treatments are elaborated. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the key issues and challenges faced in the development and clinical transformation of NDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Di
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
| | - Ruizhu Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
| | - Yuling Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
| | - Yikun Gao
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China.
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China.
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Zhang B, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng J. Application of singlet oxygen-activatable nanocarriers to boost X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy and cascaded ferroptosis for breast cancer treatment. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9685-9696. [PMID: 37789698 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01887c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis has appealing antitumor potential that is mainly based on the accumulation of lipid peroxide to a lethal level. The cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2) generated from nanoscale X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) may facilitate glutathione (GSH) depletion and further activate ferroptosis. To realize combined X-PDT and ferroptosis, a nanocarrier (D-NPVR) was engineered with a hyperbranched copolymer with 1O2-sensitive linkers, where both the photosensitizer (verteporfin) and ferroptosis inducer RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3 (RSL3) were encapsulated. Upon X-ray radiation, D-NPVR could produce a large amount of 1O2 for apoptosis. Subsequently, 1O2 triggered D-NP dissociation by cleavage of 1,2-bis(2-hydroxyethylthio)ethylene bonds to boost payload release and decrease levels of intracellular GSH via thiol oxidation. Liberated RSL3 is a covalent inhibitor for glutathione peroxide 4 (GPX4), which is responsible for detoxifying lipid peroxides to lipid alcohols with GSH assistance, and both 1O2-induced GSH depletion and GPX4 inactivation thereby produced ferroptotic cell death. Tumor growth inhibition in murine 4T1 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated that D-NPVR produced pronounced therapeutic efficiency where ferroptosis induction was supported by the GPX4 content and expression. This study highlights the contribution of 1O2-sensitive nanocarriers for promoting the potency of combined X-PDT and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
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Jiang X, Gao X, Li L, Zhou P, Wang S, Liu T, Zhou J, Zhang H, Huang K, Li Y, Wang M, Jin Z, Xie E, Liu W, Han G. Enhancement of Light and X-ray Charging in Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticle Scintillators Zn 2SiO 4:Mn 2+, Yb 3+, Li . ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21228-21238. [PMID: 37078901 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Persistent luminescence nanoparticle scintillators (PLNS) have been attempted for X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) because persistent luminescence after ceasing radiation can make PLNS use less cumulative irradiation time and dose to generate the same amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared with conventional scintillators to combat cancer cells. However, excessive surface defects in PLNS reduce the luminescence efficiency and quench the persistent luminescence, which is fatal to the efficacy of X-PDT. Herein, the PLNS of SiO2@Zn2SiO4:Mn2+, Yb3+, Li+ was designed by the energy trap engineering and synthesized by a simple template method, which has excellent X-ray and UV-excited persistent luminescence and continuously tunable emission spectra from 520 to 550 nm. Its luminescence intensity and afterglow time are more than 7 times that of the reported Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ used for X-PDT. By loading a Rose Bengal (RB) photosensitizer, an effective persistent energy transfer from the PLNS to photosensitizer is observed even after the removal of X-ray irradiation. The X-ray dose of nanoplatform SiO2@Zn2SiO4:Mn2+, Yb3+, Li+@RB in X-PDT of HeLa cancer cells was reduced to 0.18 Gy compared to the X-ray dose of 1.0 Gy for Zn2SiO4:Mn for X-PDT. This indicates that the Zn2SiO4:Mn2+, Yb3+, Li+ PLNS have great potential for X-PDT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Li
- The High School Attached to Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Yang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Jin
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Erqing Xie
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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6
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Zhang G, Guo M, Ma H, Wang J, Zhang XD. Catalytic nanotechnology of X-ray photodynamics for cancer treatments. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1153-1181. [PMID: 36602259 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01698b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in cancer treatment because of its high selectivity, low toxicity, and non-invasiveness. However, the limited penetration depth of the light still hampers from reaching deep-seated tumors. Considering the penetrating ability of high-energy radiotherapy, X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) has evolved as an alternative to overcome tissue blocks. As the basic principle of X-PDT, X-rays stimulate the nanoparticles to emit scintillating or persistent luminescence and further activate the photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which would cause a series of molecular and cellular damages, immune response, and eventually break down the tumor tissue. In recent years, catalytic nanosystems with unique structures and functions have emerged that can enhance X-PDT therapeutic effects via an immune response. The anti-cancer effect of X-PDT is closely related to the following factors: energy conversion efficiency of the material, the radiation dose of X-rays, quantum yield of the material, tumor resistance, and biocompatibility. Based on the latest research in this field and the classical theories of nanoscience, this paper systematically elucidates the current development of the X-PDT and related immunotherapy, and highlights its broad prospects in medical applications, discussing the connection between fundamental science and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Meili Guo
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Huizhen Ma
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Junying Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Souris JS, Leoni L, Zhang HJ, Pan A, Tanios E, Tsai HM, Balyasnikova IV, Bissonnette M, Chen CT. X-ray Activated Nanoplatforms for Deep Tissue Photodynamic Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:673. [PMID: 36839041 PMCID: PMC9962876 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the use of light to excite photosensitive molecules whose electronic relaxation drives the production of highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), has proven an effective means of oncotherapy. However, its application has been severely constrained to superficial tissues and those readily accessed either endoscopically or laparoscopically, due to the intrinsic scattering and absorption of photons by intervening tissues. Recent advances in the design of nanoparticle-based X-ray scintillators and photosensitizers have enabled hybridization of these moieties into single nanocomposite particles. These nanoplatforms, when irradiated with diagnostic doses and energies of X-rays, produce large quantities of ROS and permit, for the first time, non-invasive deep tissue PDT of tumors with few of the therapeutic limitations or side effects of conventional PDT. In this review we examine the underlying principles and evolution of PDT: from its initial and still dominant use of light-activated, small molecule photosensitizers that passively accumulate in tumors, to its latest development of X-ray-activated, scintillator-photosensitizer hybrid nanoplatforms that actively target cancer biomarkers. Challenges and potential remedies for the clinical translation of these hybrid nanoplatforms and X-ray PDT are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Souris
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, Office of Shared Research Facilities, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lara Leoni
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, Office of Shared Research Facilities, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hannah J. Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, Office of Shared Research Facilities, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ariel Pan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eve Tanios
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ming Tsai
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, Office of Shared Research Facilities, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Marc Bissonnette
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Integrated Small Animal Imaging Research Resource, Office of Shared Research Facilities, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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He L, Yu X, Li W. Recent Progress and Trends in X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy with Low Radiation Doses. ACS NANO 2022; 16:19691-19721. [PMID: 36378555 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The prominence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating superficial skin cancer inspires innovative solutions for its congenitally deficient shadow penetration of the visible-light excitation. X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) has been proven to be a successful technique in reforming the conventional PDT for deep-seated tumors by creatively utilizing penetrating X-rays as external excitation sources and has witnessed rapid developments over the past several years. Beyond the proof-of-concept demonstration, recent advances in X-PDT have exhibited a trend of minimizing X-ray radiation doses to quite low values. As such, scintillating materials used to bridge X-rays and photosensitizers play a significant role, as do diverse well-designed irradiation modes and smart strategies for improving the tumor microenvironment. Here in this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent achievements in X-PDT and highlight trending efforts using low doses of X-ray radiation. We first describe the concept of X-PDT and its relationships with radiodynamic therapy and radiotherapy and then dissect the mechanism of X-ray absorption and conversion by scintillating materials, reactive oxygen species evaluation for X-PDT, and radiation side effects and clinical concerns on X-ray radiation. Finally, we discuss a detailed overview of recent progress regarding low-dose X-PDT and present perspectives on possible clinical translation. It is expected that the pursuit of low-dose X-PDT will facilitate significant breakthroughs, both fundamentally and clinically, for effective deep-seated cancer treatment in the near future.
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Sivasubramanian M, Lin LJ, Wang YC, Yang CS, Lo LW. Industrialization’s eye view on theranostic nanomedicine. Front Chem 2022; 10:918715. [PMID: 36059870 PMCID: PMC9437266 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.918715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of nanomedicines (NMs) in the healthcare industry will bring about groundbreaking improvements to the current therapeutic and diagnostic scenario. However, only a few NMs have been developed into clinical applications due to a lack of regulatory experience with them. In this article, we introduce the types of NM that have the potential for clinical translation, including theranostics, multistep NMs, multitherapy NMs, and nanoclusters. We then present the clinical translational challenges associated with NM from the pharmaceutical industry’s perspective, such as NMs’ intrinsic physiochemical properties, safety, scale-up, lack of regulatory experience and standard characterization methods, and cost-effectiveness compared with their traditional counterparts. Overall, NMs face a difficult task to overcome these challenges for their transition from bench to clinical use.
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Sivasubramanian M, Chu CH, Cheng SH, Chen NT, Chen CT, Chuang YC, Yu H, Chen YL, Liao LD, Lo LW. Multimodal Magnetic Resonance and Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor-Specific Enzyme-Responsive Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oxygen Modulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:910902. [PMID: 35910012 PMCID: PMC9326367 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.910902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodal imaging contrast agents for cancer that can not only perform diagnostic functions but also serve as tumor microenvironment–responsive biomaterials are encouraging. In this study, we report the design and fabrication of a novel enzyme-responsive T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent that can modulate oxygen in the tumor microenvironment via the catalytic conversion of H2O2 to O2. The T1 contrast agent is a core–shell nanoparticle that consists of manganese oxide and hyaluronic acid (HA)–conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticle (HA-MnO@MSN). The salient features of the nanoparticle developed in this study are as follows: 1) HA serves as a targeting ligand for CD44-expressing cancer cells; 2) HA allows controlled access of water molecules to the MnO core via the digestion of enzyme hyaluronidase; 3) the generation of O2 bubbles in the tumor by consuming H2O2; and 4) the capability to increase the oxygen tension in the tumor. The r1 relaxivity of HA-MnO@MSN was measured to be 1.29 mM−1s−1 at a magnetic field strength of 9.4 T. In vitro results demonstrated the ability of continuous oxygen evolution by HA-MnO@MSN. After intratumoral administration of HA-MnO@MSN to an HCT116 xenograft mouse model, T1 weighted MRI contrast was observed after 5 h postinjection and retained up to 48 h. In addition, in vivo photoacoustic imaging of HA-MnO@MSN demonstrated an increase in the tumor oxygen saturation over time after i. t. administration. Thus, the core–shell nanoparticles developed in this study could be helpful in tumor-targeted T1 MR imaging and oxygen modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maharajan Sivasubramanian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsun Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yao Chen Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hsia Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Lun-De Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Lun-De Liao, ; Leu-Wei Lo,
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Lun-De Liao, ; Leu-Wei Lo,
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11
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu Y, Younis MH, Cai W, Bu W. Catalytic radiosensitization: Insights from materials physicochemistry. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2022; 57:262-278. [PMID: 36425004 PMCID: PMC9681018 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is indispensable in clinical cancer treatment, but because both tumor and normal tissues have similar sensitivity to X-rays, their clinical curative effect is intrinsically limited. Advanced nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have been developed for radiotherapy sensitization, typically employing high atomic number (high-Z) materials to enhance the energy deposition of X-rays in tumor tissues, but the efficiency is largely limited by the toxicity of heavy metals. A new and promising approach for radiosensitization is catalytic radiosensitization, which takes advantage of the catalytic activity of nanomaterials triggered by radiation. The efficiency of catalytic radiosensitization can be greatly enhanced by electron modulation and energy conversion of nanocatalysts upon X-ray irradiation, further enhancing the clinical curative effect. In this review, we highlight the challenges and opportunities in cancer radiosensitization, discuss novel approaches to catalytic radiosensitization, and finally describe the development of catalytic radiosensitization based on an in-depth understanding of radio-nano interactions and catalysis-biological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Muhsin H. Younis
- Department of Radiology and Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology and Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
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12
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Chen L, Huang J, Li X, Huang M, Zeng S, Zheng J, Peng S, Li S. Progress of Nanomaterials in Photodynamic Therapy Against Tumor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:920162. [PMID: 35711646 PMCID: PMC9194820 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.920162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an advanced therapeutic strategy with light-triggered, minimally invasive, high spatiotemporal selective and low systemic toxicity properties, which has been widely used in the clinical treatment of many solid tumors in recent years. Any strategies that improve the three elements of PDT (light, oxygen, and photosensitizers) can improve the efficacy of PDT. However, traditional PDT is confronted some challenges of poor solubility of photosensitizers and tumor suppressive microenvironment. To overcome the related obstacles of PDT, various strategies have been investigated in terms of improving photosensitizers (PSs) delivery, penetration of excitation light sources, and hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In addition, compared with a single treatment mode, the synergistic treatment of multiple treatment modalities such as photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy can improve the efficacy of PDT. This review summarizes recent advances in nanomaterials, including metal nanoparticles, liposomes, hydrogels and polymers, to enhance the efficiency of PDT against malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Jiayi Zheng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Peng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shiying Li,
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13
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Yang YL, Lin K, Yang L. Progress in Nanocarriers Codelivery System to Enhance the Anticancer Effect of Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1951. [PMID: 34834367 PMCID: PMC8617654 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising anticancer noninvasive method and has great potential for clinical applications. Unfortunately, PDT still has many limitations, such as metastatic tumor at unknown sites, inadequate light delivery and a lack of sufficient oxygen. Recent studies have demonstrated that photodynamic therapy in combination with other therapies can enhance anticancer effects. The development of new nanomaterials provides a platform for the codelivery of two or more therapeutic drugs, which is a promising cancer treatment method. The use of multifunctional nanocarriers for the codelivery of two or more drugs can improve physical and chemical properties, increase tumor site aggregation, and enhance the antitumor effect through synergistic actions, which is worthy of further study. This review focuses on the latest research progress on the synergistic enhancement of PDT by simultaneous multidrug administration using codelivery nanocarriers. We introduce the design of codelivery nanocarriers and discuss the mechanism of PDT combined with other antitumor methods. The combination of PDT and chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, hyperthermia, radiotherapy, sonodynamic therapy and even multidrug therapy are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-L.Y.); (K.L.)
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14
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An Adjustable Dark-Field Acoustic-Resolution Photoacoustic Imaging System with Fiber Bundle-Based Illumination. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11080262. [PMID: 34436064 PMCID: PMC8391745 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has become one of the major imaging methods because of its ability to record structural information and its high spatial resolution in biological tissues. Current commercialized PA imaging instruments are limited to varying degrees by their bulky size (i.e., the laser or scanning stage) or their use of complex optical components for light delivery. Here, we present a robust acoustic-resolution PA imaging system that consists of four adjustable optical fibers placed 90° apart around a 50 MHz high-frequency ultrasound (US) transducer. In the compact design concept of the PA probe, the relative illumination parameters (i.e., angles and fiber size) can be adjusted to fit different imaging applications in a single setting. Moreover, this design concept involves a user interface built in MATLAB. We first assessed the performance of our imaging system using in vitro phantom experiments. We further demonstrated the in vivo performance of the developed system in imaging (1) rat ear vasculature, (2) real-time cortical hemodynamic changes in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) during left-forepaw electrical stimulation, and (3) real-time cerebral indocyanine green (ICG) dynamics in rats. Collectively, this alignment-free design concept of a compact PA probe without bulky optical lens systems is intended to satisfy the diverse needs in preclinical PA imaging studies.
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Jiang Z, He L, Yu X, Yang Z, Wu W, Wang X, Mao R, Cui D, Chen X, Li W. Antiangiogenesis Combined with Inhibition of the Hypoxia Pathway Facilitates Low-Dose, X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11112-11125. [PMID: 34170115 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (XPDT) is overwhelmingly superior in treating deep-seated cancers. However, limitations remain, owing to a combination of the poor scintillation performance of the nanoscintillator, low energy transfer efficiency of the therapeutic nanoplatform, and hypoxic environment presented in the tumor tissue. Collectively, these reduce the curative effect of XPDT. Here, we report a highly efficient, low-dose XPDT realized by systematic optimization from scintillation efficiency, nanoplatform structure, to therapeutic approach. We developed a biocompatible, codoped CaF2 nanoscintillator that emitted sufficiently green radioluminescence that was bright enough to be seen by the naked eye. Using dendrimers as a framework, we built a nanoplatform featuring a dual-core-satellite architecture, which enabled both procedurally and spatially separate dual-loading of therapeutic agents. This strategy allowed for the fabrication of a combined XPDT and antiangiogenic therapy, resulting in a therapeutic system capable of simultaneous tumor attacks. After exposure to ultralow dose radiation, XPDT resulted in marked tumor reduction while the antiangiogenic drug effectively blocked tumor vascularization exacerbated by XPDT-mediated hypoxia, rendering a pronounced synergy effect. This system also showed high biosafety, as the agents adopted had been used clinically and both Ca and F elements were widespread in the human body. Taken together, the findings presented here provided a reference for the construction of complex, multiloading architecture in coordination with structural complexity and functional diversification. This work provided a safer and more robust application of the combined XPDT and antiangiogenesis in future clinical treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jiang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Liangrui He
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xujiang Yu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Weijie Wu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Rihua Mao
- Laboratory for Advanced Scintillation Materials & Performance, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore
| | - Wanwan Li
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Porosnicu I, Butnaru CM, Tiseanu I, Stancu E, Munteanu CVA, Bita BI, Duliu OG, Sima F. Y 2O 3 Nanoparticles and X-ray Radiation-Induced Effects in Melanoma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113403. [PMID: 34199757 PMCID: PMC8200002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The innovative strategy of using nanoparticles in radiotherapy has become an exciting topic due to the possibility of simultaneously improving local efficiency of radiation in tumors and real-time monitoring of the delivered doses. Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in material science to prepare phosphors for various applications including X-ray induced photodynamic therapy and in situ nano-dosimetry, but few available reports only addressed the effect induced in cells by combined exposure to different doses of superficial X-ray radiation and nanoparticles. Herein, we analyzed changes induced in melanoma cells by exposure to different doses of X-ray radiation and various concentrations of Y2O3 NPs. By evaluation of cell mitochondrial activity and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), we estimated that 2, 4, and 6 Gy X-ray radiation doses are visibly altering the cells by inducing ROS production with increasing the dose while at 6 Gy the mitochondrial activity is also affected. Separately, high-concentrated solutions of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL Y2O3 NPs were also found to affect the cells by inducing ROS production with the increase of concentration. Additionally, the colony-forming units assay evidenced a rather synergic effect of NPs and radiation. By adding the NPs to cells before irradiation, a decrease of the number of proliferating cell colonies was observed with increase of X-ray dose. DNA damage was evidenced by quantifying the γ-H2AX foci for cells treated with Y2O3 NPs and exposed to superficial X-ray radiation. Proteomic profile confirmed that a combined effect of 50 µg/mL Y2O3 NPs and 6 Gy X-ray dose induced mitochondria alterations and DNA changes in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Porosnicu
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School on Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania;
| | - Cristian M. Butnaru
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Ion Tiseanu
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
| | - Elena Stancu
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
| | - Cristian V. A. Munteanu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan I. Bita
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
| | - Octavian G. Duliu
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School on Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania;
| | - Felix Sima
- National Institute of Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, P.O. Box MG-36, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; (I.P.); (I.T.); (E.S.); (B.I.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (F.S.)
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Ma YS, Xin R, Yang XL, Shi Y, Zhang DD, Wang HM, Wang PY, Liu JB, Chu KJ, Fu D. Paving the way for small-molecule drug discovery. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:853-870. [PMID: 33841626 PMCID: PMC8014367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule drugs are organic compounds affecting molecular pathways by targeting important proteins, which have a low molecular weight, making them penetrate cells easily. Small-molecule drugs can be developed from leads derived from rational drug design or isolated from natural resources. As commonly used medications, small-molecule drugs can be taken orally, which enter cells to act on intracellular targets. These characteristics make small-molecule drugs promising candidates for drug development, and they are increasingly favored in the pharmaceutical market. Despite the advancements in molecular genetics and effective new processes in drug development, the drugs currently used in clinical practice are inadequate due to their poor efficacy or severe side effects. Therefore, developing new safe and efficient drugs is a top priority for disease control and curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004, Hunan, China
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Pei-Yao Wang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Kai-Jian Chu
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
| | - Da Fu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
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