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Lei X, Zhao G, Xie Y, Cui N. mTOR Deletion Alleviates CD4+ T-Cell Dysfunction in Sepsis through Reducing CTLA4 Accumulation Mediated by Rescuing Autophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:4233439. [PMID: 39104632 PMCID: PMC11300103 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4233439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis has been the leading cause of death in ICU patients. CD4+ T cells are the mainstay of the body's immune system, and the depletion of CD4+ T cells in sepsis is of great concern. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) is a negative immunomodulator for T cell activation and degradation through the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the most classical upstream regulator of autophagy. With a mouse model of sepsis through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), T cell specific-mTOR/tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1)-knockout mice, and bafilomycin A1, a specific autophagosome-lysosome (A-L) fusion inhibitor, we primarily proved that mTOR could modulate the expression and accumulation of CTLA4 by regulating the onset process of autophagy such as A-L fusion. Given such a regulatory relationship, targeting mTOR could provide new light to improve immune function in sepsis, and the prospect of using rapamycin in the clinic would be worth exploring further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Lei
- Department of Critical Care MedicineState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guoyu Zhao
- Department of Critical Care MedicineState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Department of Critical Care MedicineState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care MedicineState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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2
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Ponticelli C, Reggiani F, Moroni G. Autophagy: A Silent Protagonist in Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2024; 108:1532-1541. [PMID: 37953477 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism that recycles unnecessary cytoplasmic components. It is now known that autophagy dysfunction may have a pathogenic role in several human diseases and conditions, including kidney transplantation. Both defective and excessive autophagy may induce or aggravate several complications of kidney transplantation, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, alloimmune response, and immunosuppressive treatment and side effects. Although it is still complicated to measure autophagy levels in clinical practice, more attention should be paid to the factors that may influence autophagy. In kidney transplantation, the association of low doses of a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor with low doses of a calcineurin inhibitor may be of benefit for autophagy modulation. However, further studies are needed to explore the role of other autophagy regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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3
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Cui J, Xu H, Yu J, Ran S, Zhang X, Li Y, Chen Z, Niu Y, Wang S, Ye W, Chen W, Wu J, Xia J. Targeted depletion of PD-1-expressing cells induces immune tolerance through peripheral clonal deletion. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadh0085. [PMID: 38669317 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adh0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Thymic negative selection of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is essential for establishing self-tolerance and acquired allograft tolerance following organ transplantation. However, it is unclear whether and how peripheral clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells induces transplantation tolerance. Here, we establish that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a hallmark of alloreactive T cells and is associated with clonal expansion after alloantigen encounter. Moreover, we found that diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)-mediated ablation of PD-1+ cells reshaped the TCR repertoire through peripheral clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells and promoted tolerance in mouse transplantation models. In addition, by using PD-1-specific depleting antibodies, we found that antibody-mediated depletion of PD-1+ cells prevented heart transplant rejection and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in humanized PD-1 mice. Thus, these data suggest that PD-1 is an attractive target for peripheral clonal deletion and induction of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Wu L, Jin W, Yu H, Liu B. Modulating autophagy to treat diseases: A revisited review on in silico methods. J Adv Res 2024; 58:175-191. [PMID: 37192730 PMCID: PMC10982871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy refers to the conserved cellular catabolic process relevant to lysosome activity and plays a vital role in maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of intracellular matter by degrading harmful and abnormally accumulated cellular components. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that dysregulation of autophagy by genetic and exogenous interventions may disrupt cellular homeostasis in human diseases. In silico approaches as powerful aids to experiments have also been extensively reported to play their critical roles in the storage, prediction, and analysis of massive amounts of experimental data. Thus, modulating autophagy to treat diseases by in silico methods would be anticipated. AIM OF REVIEW Here, we focus on summarizing the updated in silico approaches including databases, systems biology network approaches, omics-based analyses, mathematical models, and artificial intelligence (AI) methods that sought to modulate autophagy for potential therapeutic purposes, which will provide a new insight into more promising therapeutic strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Autophagy-related databases are the data basis of the in silico method, storing a large amount of information about DNA, RNA, proteins, small molecules and diseases. The systems biology approach is a method to systematically study the interrelationships among biological processes including autophagy from a macroscopic perspective. Omics-based analyses are based on high-throughput data to analyze gene expression at different levels of biological processes involving autophagy. mathematical models are visualization methods to describe the dynamic process of autophagy, and its accuracy is related to the selection of parameters. AI methods use big data related to autophagy to predict autophagy targets, design targeted small molecules, and classify diverse human diseases for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenke Jin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Cordani M, Strippoli R, Trionfetti F, Barzegar Behrooz A, Rumio C, Velasco G, Ghavami S, Marcucci F. Immune checkpoints between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy: A conflicting triangle. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216661. [PMID: 38309613 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules are pivotal in inhibiting innate and acquired antitumor immune responses, a mechanism frequently exploited by cancer cells to evade host immunity. These evasion strategies contribute to the complexity of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. For this reason, ICP molecules have become targets for antitumor drugs, particularly monoclonal antibodies, collectively referred to as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), that counteract such cancer-associated immune suppression and restore antitumor immune responses. Over the last decade, however, it has become clear that tumor cell-associated ICPs can also induce tumor cell-intrinsic effects, in particular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy). Both of these processes have profound implications for cancer metastasis and drug responsiveness. This article reviews the positive or negative cross-talk that tumor cell-associated ICPs undergo with autophagy and EMT. We discuss that tumor cell-associated ICPs are upregulated in response to the same stimuli that induce EMT. Moreover, ICPs themselves, when overexpressed, become an EMT-inducing stimulus. As regards the cross-talk with autophagy, ICPs have been shown to either stimulate or inhibit autophagy, while autophagy itself can either up- or downregulate the expression of ICPs. This dynamic equilibrium also extends to the autophagy-apoptosis axis, further emphasizing the complexities of cellular responses. Eventually, we delve into the intricate balance between autophagy and apoptosis, elucidating its role in the broader interplay of cellular dynamics influenced by ICPs. In the final part of this article, we speculate about the driving forces underlying the contradictory outcomes of the reciprocal, inhibitory, or stimulatory effects between ICPs, EMT, and autophagy. A conclusive identification of these driving forces may allow to achieve improved antitumor effects when using combinations of ICIs and compounds acting on EMT and/or autophagy. Prospectively, this may translate into increased and/or broadened therapeutic efficacy compared to what is currently achieved with ICI-based clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L., Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Trionfetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L., Spallanzani, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Cristiano Rumio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Fabrizio Marcucci
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy.
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6
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Nakashima A, Furuta A, Yoshida-Kawaguchi M, Yamada K, Nunomura H, Morita K, Yasuda I, Yoneda S, Yamaki-Ushijima A, Shima T, Tsuda S. Immunological regulation and the role of autophagy in preeclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13835. [PMID: 38467995 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a bulk degradation system that maintains cellular homeostasis by producing energy and/or recycling excess proteins. During early placentation, extravillous trophoblasts invade the decidua and uterine myometrium, facing maternal immune cells, which participate in the immune suppression of paternal and fetal antigens. Regulatory T cells will likely increase in response to a specific antigen before and during early pregnancy. Insufficient expansion of antigen-specific Treg cells, which possess the same T cell receptor, is associated with the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, suggesting sterile systemic inflammation. Autophagy is involved in reducing inflammation through the degradation of inflammasomes and in the differentiation and function of regulatory T cells. Autophagy dysregulation induces protein aggregation in trophoblasts, resulting in placental dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the role of regulatory T cells in normal pregnancies. In addition, we discuss the association between autophagy and regulatory T cells in the development of preeclampsia based on reports on the role of autophagy in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Nakashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mihoko Yoshida-Kawaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Haruka Nunomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keiko Morita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ippei Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoneda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Akemi Yamaki-Ushijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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7
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Xu Y, Shao B, Zhang Y. The significance of targeting lysosomes in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1308070. [PMID: 38370407 PMCID: PMC10869645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1308070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are intracellular digestive organelles that participate in various physiological and pathological processes, including the regulation of immune checkpoint molecules, immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment, antigen presentation, metabolism, and autophagy. Abnormalities or dysfunction of lysosomes are associated with the occurrence, development, and drug resistance of tumors. Lysosomes play a crucial role and have potential applications in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting lysosomes or harnessing their properties is an effective strategy for tumor immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms and approaches related to lysosomes in tumor immunotherapy are not fully understood at present, and further basic and clinical research is needed to provide better treatment options for cancer patients. This review focuses on the research progress related to lysosomes and tumor immunotherapy in these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Jie XL, Guo H, Zhou GB. The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6 controls CTLA-4 turnover and promotes T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:97-99. [PMID: 38082145 PMCID: PMC10757707 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
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Zhao J, Zhang X, Li Y, Yu J, Chen Z, Niu Y, Ran S, Wang S, Ye W, Luo Z, Li X, Hao Y, Zong J, Xia C, Xia J, Wu J. Interorgan communication with the liver: novel mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1314123. [PMID: 38155961 PMCID: PMC10754533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1314123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a multifunctional organ that plays crucial roles in numerous physiological processes, such as production of bile and proteins for blood plasma, regulation of blood levels of amino acids, processing of hemoglobin, clearance of metabolic waste, maintenance of glucose, etc. Therefore, the liver is essential for the homeostasis of organisms. With the development of research on the liver, there is growing concern about its effect on immune cells of innate and adaptive immunity. For example, the liver regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of immune cells through various secreted proteins (also known as "hepatokines"). As a result, the liver is identified as an important regulator of the immune system. Furthermore, many diseases resulting from immune disorders are thought to be related to the dysfunction of the liver, including systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and heart failure. Thus, the liver plays a role in remote immune regulation and is intricately linked with systemic immunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the liver remote regulation of the body's innate and adaptive immunity regarding to main areas: immune-related molecules secreted by the liver and the liver-resident cells. Additionally, we assessed the influence of the liver on various facets of systemic immune-related diseases, offering insights into the clinical application of target therapies for liver immune regulation, as well as future developmental trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulu Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanglin Hao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengkun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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10
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Yu J, Cui J, Zhang X, Xu H, Chen Z, Li Y, Niu Y, Wang S, Ran S, Zou Y, Ye W, Zhang D, Zhou C, Xia J, Wu J. The OX40-TRAF6 axis promotes CTLA-4 degradation to augment antitumor CD8 + T-cell immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1445-1456. [PMID: 37932534 PMCID: PMC10687085 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), including anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), benefits only a limited number of patients with cancer. Understanding the in-depth regulatory mechanism of CTLA-4 protein stability and its functional significance may help identify ICB resistance mechanisms and assist in the development of novel immunotherapeutic modalities to improve ICB efficacy. Here, we identified that TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) mediates Lys63-linked ubiquitination and subsequent lysosomal degradation of CTLA-4. Moreover, by using TRAF6-deficient mice and retroviral overexpression experiments, we demonstrated that TRAF6 promotes CTLA-4 degradation in a T-cell-intrinsic manner, which is dependent on the RING domain of TRAF6. This intrinsic regulatory mechanism contributes to CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in vivo. Additionally, by using an OX40 agonist, we demonstrated that the OX40-TRAF6 axis is responsible for CTLA-4 degradation, thereby controlling antitumor immunity in both tumor-bearing mice and patients with cancer. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the OX40-TRAF6 axis promotes CTLA-4 degradation and is a potential therapeutic target for the improvement of T-cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jikai Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiang Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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11
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Del Bello A, Treiner E. Immune Checkpoints in Solid Organ Transplantation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1358. [PMID: 37887068 PMCID: PMC10604300 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Allogenic graft acceptance is only achieved by life-long immunosuppression, which comes at the cost of significant toxicity. Clinicians face the challenge of adapting the patients' treatments over long periods to lower the risks associated with these toxicities, permanently leveraging the risk of excessive versus insufficient immunosuppression. A major goal and challenge in the field of solid organ transplantation (SOT) is to attain a state of stable immune tolerance specifically towards the grafted organ. The immune system is equipped with a set of inhibitory co-receptors known as immune checkpoints (ICs), which physiologically regulate numerous effector functions. Insufficient regulation through these ICs can lead to autoimmunity and/or immune-mediated toxicity, while excessive expression of ICs induces stable hypo-responsiveness, especially in T cells, a state sometimes referred to as exhaustion. IC blockade has emerged in the last decade as a powerful therapeutic tool against cancer. The opposite action, i.e., subverting IC for the benefit of establishing a state of specific hypo-responsiveness against auto- or allo-antigens, is still in its infancy. In this review, we will summarize the available literature on the role of ICs in SOT and the relevance of ICs with graft acceptance. We will also discuss the possible influence of current immunosuppressive medications on IC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Del Bello
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Research Institute (I2MC), Inserm UMR1297, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Treiner
- Faculty of Medicine, University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Laboratory of Immunology, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291, 31024 Toulouse, France
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12
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Vatankhah F, Salimi N, Khalaji A, Baradaran B. Immune checkpoints and their promising prospect in cholangiocarcinoma treatment in combination with other therapeutic approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109526. [PMID: 36481527 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the malignant tumors that has shown rapid development in incidence and mortality in recent years. Like other types of cancer, patients with CCA experience alterations in the expression of immune checkpoints, indicating the importance of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating CCA. The results of TCGA analysis in this study revealed a marginal difference in the expression of important immune checkpoints, Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and their ligands in CCA samples compared to normal ones. This issue showed the importance of combination therapy in this cancer. This review considers CCA treatment and covers several therapeutic modalities or combined treatment strategies. We also cover the most recent developments in the field and outline the important areas of immune checkpoint molecules as prognostic variables and therapeutic targets in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vatankhah
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Salimi
- School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amirreza Khalaji
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Zhang K, Huang Q, Peng L, Lin S, Liu J, Zhang J, Li C, Zhai S, Xu Z, Wang S. The multifunctional roles of autophagy in the innate immune response: Implications for regulation of transplantation rejection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1007559. [PMID: 36619861 PMCID: PMC9810636 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1007559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is the main treatment for end-stage organ failure, which has rescued tens of thousands of lives. Immune rejection is the main factor affecting the survival of transplanted organs. How to suppress immune rejection is an important goal of transplantation research. A graft first triggers innate immune responses, leading to graft inflammation, tissue injury and cell death, followed by adaptive immune activation. At present, the importance of innate immunity in graft rejection is poorly understood. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation system, is proven to be involved in regulating innate immune response following graft transplants. Moreover, there is evidence indicating that autophagy can regulate graft dysfunction. Although the specific mechanism by which autophagy affects graft rejection remains unclear, autophagy is involved in innate immune signal transduction, inflammatory response, and various forms of cell death after organ transplantation. This review summarizes how autophagy regulates these processes and proposes potential targets for alleviating immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laru Peng
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International BioIsland, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Yantang Dairy Co, Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaolun Zhai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Xu, ; Sutian Wang,
| | - Sutian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China,*Correspondence: Zhihong Xu, ; Sutian Wang,
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14
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Gao Q, Wang S, Li F, Lian J, Cheng S, Yue D, Zhang Z, Liu S, Ren F, Zhang D, Wang S, Wang L, Zhang Y. High mobility group protein B1 decreases surface localization of PD-1 to augment T-cell activation. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:844-855. [PMID: 35580259 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a danger signaling molecule that has been found to trigger an effective antitumor immune response. However, the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects are not fully understood. Here, we found that HMGB1 release induced by chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was negatively correlated with PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells. In vitro analysis indicated that treatment with HMGB1 led to a significant decrease in the level of expression of PD-1 on CD8+ T cells. Further analysis demonstrated that HMGB1 reduced PD-1 expression by inducing dynamin-mediated internalization of the protein, leading to early endocytosis in the cytoplasm, and subsequently degradation in the lysosomes. In a xenograft model, HER2-targeted chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) T cells had enhanced function in the presence of HMGB1. These data identify a role for HMGB1 as a negative regulator of PD-1 signaling in lung cancer cells and the observed antitumor effect of HMGB1 on chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) T cells may provide a theoretical foundation for a new immunotherapy combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Gao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingyao Lian
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Shaoyan Cheng
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Dongli Yue
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feifei Ren
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Daiqun Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Liping Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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15
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Wei C, Ma L, Xiang D, Huang C, Wang H, Wang X, Zhang S, Qi X, Shi W, Gao H. Enhanced autophagy alleviated corneal allograft rejection via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:1362-1371. [PMID: 35092164 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy has been reported to be involved in many aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Manipulating autophagy is recognized as a promising therapeutic approach for treating immunological diseases, including allograft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease. However, whether autophagy was closely associated with the pathogenesis of corneal allograft rejection remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that rapamycin (RAPA)-induced autophagy alleviated corneal allograft rejection. By contrast, blocking autophagic activity using 3-methyladeine (3-MA) aggravated corneal transplantation rejection. Mechanistically, we revealed that the enhanced autophagic turnover by RAPA inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activity through NLRP3 degradation. While blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes by bafilomycin A1(BafA1), the reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activity induced by RAPA was significantly restored, with increased protein levels of NLRP3 and cleaved Casp-1(p10), as well as IL-1β secretion. Moreover, we further revealed that pharmacologically blocking NLRP3 inflammasome signaling prolonged the survival of corneal allografts. Taken together, these findings underscored the critical roles of enhanced autophagy in treating corneal allograft rejection, which provided an alternative intervention strategy to control corneal transplantation rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Demeng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Cixin Huang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Huijin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Qi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China.,School of ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China.,School of ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China.,School of ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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16
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Jeong J, Choi YJ, Lee HK. The Role of Autophagy in the Function of CD4 + T Cells and the Development of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860146. [PMID: 35392563 PMCID: PMC8981087 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled acute inflammation progresses to persistent inflammation that leads to various chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. CD4+ T cells are key immune cells that determine the development of these chronic inflammatory diseases. CD4+ T cells orchestrate adaptive immune responses by producing cytokines and effector molecules. These functional roles of T cells vary depending on the surrounding inflammatory or anatomical environment. Autophagy is an important process that can regulate the function of CD4+ T cells. By lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic materials, autophagy mediates CD4+ T cell-mediated immune responses, including cytokine production, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, through canonical processes involving autophagy machinery, autophagy also contributes to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, a targeted intervention of autophagy processes could be used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the role of autophagy via CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of such diseases. In particular, we explore the underlying mechanisms of autophagy in the regulation of CD4+ T cell metabolism, survival, development, proliferation, differentiation, and aging. Furthermore, we suggest that autophagy-mediated modulation of CD4+ T cells is a promising therapeutic target for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiung Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joon Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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17
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Martínez-Méndez D, Mendoza L, Villarreal C, Huerta L. Continuous Modeling of T CD4 Lymphocyte Activation and Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:743559. [PMID: 34804023 PMCID: PMC8602102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.743559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T CD4+ cells are central to the adaptive immune response against pathogens. Their activation is induced by the engagement of the T-cell receptor by antigens, and of co-stimulatory receptors by molecules also expressed on antigen presenting cells. Then, a complex network of intracellular events reinforce, diversify and regulate the initial signals, including dynamic metabolic processes that strongly influence both the activation state and the differentiation to effector cell phenotypes. The regulation of cell metabolism is controlled by the nutrient sensor adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which drives the balance between oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis. Herein, we put forward a 51-node continuous mathematical model that describes the temporal evolution of the early events of activation, integrating a circuit of metabolic regulation into the main routes of signaling. The model simulates the induction of anergy due to defective co-stimulation, the CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade, and the differentiation to effector phenotypes induced by external cytokines. It also describes the adjustment of the OXPHOS-glycolysis equilibrium by the action of AMPK as the effector function of the T cell develops. The development of a transient phase of increased OXPHOS before induction of a sustained glycolytic phase during differentiation to the Th1, Th2 and Th17 phenotypes is shown. In contrast, during Treg differentiation, glycolysis is subsequently reduced as cell metabolism is predominantly polarized towards OXPHOS. These observations are in agreement with experimental data suggesting that OXPHOS produces an ATP reservoir before glycolysis boosts the production of metabolites needed for protein synthesis, cell function, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Villarreal
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonor Huerta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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Liu C, Gu L, Ding J, Meng Q, Li N, Dai G, Li Q, Wu X. Autophagy in skin barrier and immune-related skin diseases. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1827-1837. [PMID: 34655245 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process which is highly conserved in eukaryotes to degrade or recycle cytoplasmic components through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that autophagy also plays critical roles in cell apoptosis, inflammation, pathogen clearance, and so on under stressed conditions and thereby has been linked to a variety of human disorders. The skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as the first line of defense against environmental insult. Skin as a nutrient-poor environment requires recycling of limited resources via the autophagy machinery to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation of autophagy has been linked to skin diseases. In this review, we describe the molecular machinery and regulation of autophagy, discuss its role in keratinocytes and skin barrier, skin immune cells, and immune-related skin diseases including autoimmune skin disorders, allergic skin diseases, infectious skin disorders, and antitumor immunity against skin tumor. Finally, we highlight the potential of autophagy as a therapeutic target for immune-related skin diseases, and delivery of autophagy-related molecules (such as inducers, inhibitors, or nucleic acid molecules) by virtue of physical materials (such as nanoparticles) or biological materials (such as peptides) to skin topically may obtain clinical benefits in immune-related skin diseases. Moreover, developing autophagy-related gene product-based biomarkers may be promising to diagnose immune-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Shende Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Gerontology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianchao Meng
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifeng Dai
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinying Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Wu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Guo XJ, Lu JC, Zeng HY, Zhou R, Sun QM, Yang GH, Pei YZ, Meng XL, Shen YH, Zhang PF, Cai JB, Huang PX, Ke AW, Shi YH, Zhou J, Fan J, Chen Y, Yang LX, Shi GM, Huang XY. CTLA-4 Synergizes With PD1/PD-L1 in the Inhibitory Tumor Microenvironment of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705378. [PMID: 34526987 PMCID: PMC8435712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is highly invasive and carries high mortality due to limited therapeutic strategies. In other solid tumors, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD1), and the PD1 ligand PD-L1 has revolutionized treatment and improved outcomes. However, the relationship and clinical significance of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression in ICC remains to be addressed. Deciphering CTLA-4 and PD-L1 interactions in ICC enable targeted therapy for this disease. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect and quantify CTLA-4, forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3), and PD-L1 in samples from 290 patients with ICC. The prognostic capabilities of CTLA-4, FOXP3, and PD-L1 expression in ICC were investigated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent risk factors related to ICC survival and recurrence were assessed by the Cox proportional hazards models. Here, we identified that CTLA-4+ lymphocyte density was elevated in ICC tumors compared with peritumoral hepatic tissues (P <.001), and patients with a high density of CTLA-4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILsCTLA-4 High) showed a reduced overall survival (OS) rate and increased cumulative recurrence rate compared with patients with TILsCTLA-4 Low (P <.001 and P = .024, respectively). Similarly, patients with high FOXP3+ TILs (TILsFOXP3 High) had poorer prognoses than patients with low FOXP3+ TILs (P = .021, P = .034, respectively), and the density of CTLA-4+ TILs was positively correlated with FOXP3+ TILs (Pearson r = .31, P <.001). Furthermore, patients with high PD-L1 expression in tumors (TumorPD-L1 High) and/or TILsCTLA-4 High presented worse OS and a higher recurrence rate than patients with TILsCTLA-4 LowTumorPD-L1 Low. Moreover, multiple tumors, lymph node metastasis, and high TumorPD-L1/TILsCTLA-4 were independent risk factors of cumulative recurrence and OS for patients after ICC tumor resection. Furthermore, among ICC patients, those with hepatolithiasis had a higher expression of CTLA-4 and worse OS compared with patients with HBV infection or undefined risk factors (P = .018). In conclusion, CTLA-4 is increased in TILs in ICC and has an expression profile distinct from PD1/PD-L1. TumorPD-L1/TILsCTLA-4 is a predictive factor of OS and ICC recurrence, suggesting that combined therapy targeting PD1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 may be useful in treating patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Man Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Huan Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Zi Pei
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Long Meng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Hao Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bin Cai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Xin Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Wu Ke
- Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Xiao Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Ming Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
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20
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Xu H, Yu J, Cui J, Chen Z, Zhang X, Zou Y, Du Y, Li Y, Le S, Jiang L, Xia J, Wu J. Ablation of Survivin in T Cells Attenuates Acute Allograft Rejection after Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplantation by Inducing Apoptosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:710904. [PMID: 34421916 PMCID: PMC8377163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.710904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although studies in oncology have well explored the pharmacological effects of Birc5, little is known about its role in allogeneic T-cell responses. Therefore, the present study used a mouse model of acute heart allograft rejection to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of conditional knockout of Birc5 in T cells. Survivin (encoded by Birc5) was up-regulated in T cells activated in vivo and in vitro. Deletion of Birc5 in T cells attenuated acute heart allograft rejection by reducing the ratio of effector to naive T cells and Th1 to Tregs. In addition, deletion of Birc5 had no noticeable effect on proliferation but on apoptosis and the secretion of IFN-γ. The results revealed a significant increase in the percentage of Annexin V positive CD4+ T cells in the Birc5-/- group, compared to the WT. Moreover, there was significant increase in early apoptotic alloreactive T cells in Birc5-/- mice and this was partly mediated by caspase-3. Furthermore, treatment with YM155 inhibited acute heart allograft rejection in vivo and increased T-cell apoptosis in healthy human PBMCs in vitro. The results highlight a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of acute transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jikai Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiang Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Cui J, Xu H, Yu J, Li Y, Chen Z, Zou Y, Zhang X, Du Y, Xia J, Wu J. IL-4 inhibits regulatory T cells differentiation by HDAC9-mediated epigenetic regulation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:501. [PMID: 34006836 PMCID: PMC8131756 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in orchestrating immune response and maintaining immune tolerance, and the expression of the Foxp3 gene is indispensable to the differentiation of regulatory T cells. IL-4 shows strong inhibitory effects on Foxp3 expression and regulatory T cells differentiation, but the detailed mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we revealed that epigenetic modulations are key to this process. Specifically, the inhibition was found to be STAT6 dependent, and HDAC9 was involved with the process of histone deacetylation at the Foxp3 locus, subsequently decreasing chromatin accessibility and Foxp3 gene transcription. Pan-histone deacetylation inhibitors, especially sodium butyrate, notably abolished the inhibitory effects of IL-4 and ameliorated allergic airway inflammation in mouse models. Our research provides important mechanistic insights into how IL-4 inhibits regulatory T cells differentiation and suggests the therapeutic potential of the sodium butyrate in allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yanqiang Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yifan Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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22
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Fang S, Zhang L, Liu Y, Xu W, Wu W, Huang Z, Wang X, Liu H, Sun Y, Zhang R, Peng B, Liu X, Sun X, Yu J, Chan FKL, Ng SC, Wong SH, Wang MHT, Gin T, Joynt GM, Hui DSC, Feng T, Wu WKK, Chan MTV, Zou X, Xia J. Lysosome activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and prognostic significance of circulating LC3B in COVID-19. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:1466-1475. [PMID: 33620066 PMCID: PMC7929326 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide, causing significant mortality. There is a mechanistic relationship between intracellular coronavirus replication and deregulated autophagosome–lysosome system. We performed transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from COVID-19 patients and identified the aberrant upregulation of genes in the lysosome pathway. We further determined the capability of two circulating markers, namely microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) and (p62/SQSTM1) p62, both of which depend on lysosome for degradation, in predicting the emergence of moderate-to-severe disease in COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalization for supplemental oxygen therapy. Logistic regression analyses showed that LC3B was associated with moderate-to-severe COVID-19, independent of age, sex and clinical risk score. A decrease in LC3B concentration <5.5 ng/ml increased the risk of oxygen and ventilatory requirement (adjusted odds ratio: 4.6; 95% CI: 1.1–22.0; P = 0.04). Serum concentrations of p62 in the moderate-to-severe group were significantly lower in patients aged 50 or below. In conclusion, lysosome function is deregulated in PBMCs isolated from COVID-19 patients, and the related biomarker LC3B may serve as a novel tool for stratifying patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 from those with asymptomatic or mild disease. COVID-19 patients with a decrease in LC3B concentration <5.5 ng/ml will require early hospital admission for supplemental oxygen therapy and other respiratory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisong Fang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | | | - Wenye Xu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Weihua Wu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | | | - Xin Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Renli Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | | | - Xiao Sun
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Yu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | - Tony Gin
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Tiejian Feng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | | | | | - Xuan Zou
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
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23
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Jiang T, Chen X, Ren X, Yang JM, Cheng Y. Emerging role of autophagy in anti-tumor immunity: Implications for the modulation of immunotherapy resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 56:100752. [PMID: 33765484 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies such as CAR-T cell transfer and antibody-targeted therapy have produced promising clinical outcomes in patients with advanced and metastatic cancer that are resistant to conventional therapies. However, with increasing use of cancer immunotherapy in clinical treatment, multiple therapy-resistance mechanisms have gradually emerged. The tumor microenvironment (TME), an integral component of cancer, can significantly influence the therapeutic response. Thus, it is worth exploring the potential of TME in modulating therapy resistance, in the hope to devise novel strategies to reinforcing anti-cancer treatments such as immunotherapy. As a crucial recycling process in the complex TME, the role of autophagy in tumor immunity has been increasingly appreciated. Firstly, autophagy in tumor cells can affect their immune response through modulating MHC-I-antigen complexes, thus modulating immunogenic tumor cell death, changing functions of immune cells via secretory autophagy, reducing the NK- and CTL-mediated cell lysis and degradation of immune checkpoint proteins. Secondly, autophagy is critical for the differentiation, maturation and survival of immune cells in the TME and can significantly affect the immune function of these cells, thereby regulating the anti-tumor immune response. Thirdly, alteration of autophagic activity in stromal cells, especially in fibroblasts, can reconstruct the three-dimensional stromal environment and metabolic reprogramming in the TME. A number of studies have demonstrated that optimal induction or inhibition of autophagy may lead to effective therapeutic regimens when combined with immunotherapy. This review discusses the important roles of autophagy in tumor cells, immune cells and stromal cells in the context of tumor immunity, and the potential of combining the autophagy-based therapy with immunotherapy as novel therapeutic approaches against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xisha Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xingcong Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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