1
|
Liang Z, Han Y, Chen T, Wang J, Lin K, Yuan L, Li X, Xu H, Wang T, Liu Y, Xiao L, Liang Q. Application of 3D bioprinting technology apply to assessing Dangguiniantongtang (DGNT) decoctions in arthritis. Chin Med 2024; 19:96. [PMID: 38978120 PMCID: PMC11229348 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) cell model in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a traditional Chinese medicine decoction in the treatment of arthritis. Chondrocytes (ATDC5) and osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were 3D printed separately using methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel bioinks to mimic the natural 3D cell environment. Both cell types showed good biocompatibility in GelMA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added to the cell models to create inflammation models, which resulted in increased expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6, and decreased expression of cell functional genes such as Collagen II (COLII), transcription factor SOX-9 (Sox9), Aggrecan, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), RUNX family transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Collagen I (COLI), Osteopontin (OPN), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The created inflammation model was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of Dangguiniantongtang (DGNT) decoctions. The results showed that DGNT reduced the expression of inflammatory factors and increased the expression of functional genes in the cell model. In summary, this study established a 3D cell model to assess the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoctions, characterized the gene expression profile of the inflammatory state model, and provided a practical reference for future research on TCM efficacy evaluation for arthritis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yunxi Han
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Luying Yuan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tengteng Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China.
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 540 Xinhua Road, Shanghai, 200052, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wan-Ping South Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chandra DK, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Kumar A, Mahapatra C. Nanomaterials-Based Hybrid Bioink Platforms in Advancing 3D Bioprinting Technologies for Regenerative Medicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4145-4174. [PMID: 38822783 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is recognized as the ultimate additive biomanufacturing technology in tissue engineering and regeneration, augmented with intelligent bioinks and bioprinters to construct tissues or organs, thereby eliminating the stipulation for artificial organs. For 3D bioprinting of soft tissues, such as kidneys, hearts, and other human body parts, formulations of bioink with enhanced bioinspired rheological and mechanical properties were essential. Nanomaterials-based hybrid bioinks have the potential to overcome the above-mentioned problem and require much attention among researchers. Natural and synthetic nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides, titanium oxides, nanosilicates, nanoclay, nanocellulose, etc. and their blended have been used in various 3D bioprinters as bioinks and benefitted enhanced bioprintability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. A limited number of articles were published, and the above-mentioned requirement pushed us to write this review. We reviewed, explored, and discussed the nanomaterials and nanocomposite-based hybrid bioinks for the 3D bioprinting technology, 3D bioprinters properties, natural, synthetic, and nanomaterial-based hybrid bioinks, including applications with challenges, limitations, ethical considerations, potential solution for future perspective, and technological advancement of efficient and cost-effective 3D bioprinting methods in tissue regeneration and healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães 4800-058, Braga,Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães 4800-058, Braga,Portugal
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Chinmaya Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, G.E. Road, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim EJ, Kim KH, Kim HY, Lee DJ, Li S, Ngoc Han M, Jung HS. Harnessing the dental cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells for hard tissue engineering. J Adv Res 2024; 61:119-131. [PMID: 37619933 PMCID: PMC11258659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most mineralized tissues in our body are present in bones and teeth. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy to help regenerate bone defects and teeth loss. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular structure secreted by cells. Studies on the dynamic microenvironment of ECM are necessary for stem cell-based therapies. OBJECTIVES We aim to optimize an effective protocol for hiPSC differentiation into dental cells without utilizing animal-derived factors or cell feeders that can be applied to humans and to mineralize differentiated dental cells into hard tissues. METHODS For the differentiation of both dental epithelial cells (DECs) and dental mesenchymal cells (DMCs) from hiPSCs, an embryoid body (EB) was formed from hiPSCs. hiPSC were differentiated into neural crest cells with an induction medium utilized in our previous study, and hiPSC-derived DECs were differentiated with a BMP-modulated customized medium. hiPSC-dental cells were then characterized, analyzed, and validated with transcriptomic analysis, western blotting, and RT-qPCR. To form mineralized tissues, hiPSC-derived DECs were recombined with hiPSC-derived DMCs encapsulated in various biomaterials, including gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), collagen, and agar matrix. RESULTS These hiPSC-derived dental cells are highly osteogenic and chondro-osteogenic in photocrosslinkable GelMA hydrogel and collagen type I microenvironments. Furthermore, hiPSC-derived dental cells in agar gel matrix induced the formation of a bioengineered tooth. CONCLUSION Our study provides an approach for applying hiPSCs for hard tissue regeneration, including tooth and bone. This study has immense potential to provide a novel technology for bioengineering organs for various regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Ka-Hwa Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | | | - Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Shujin Li
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Mai Ngoc Han
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luo W, Zhang H, Wan R, Cai Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Zhang D, Luo Z, Shang X. Biomaterials-Based Technologies in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304196. [PMID: 38712598 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
For many clinically prevalent severe injuries, the inherent regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle remains inadequate. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) seeks to meet this clinical demand. With continuous progress in biomedicine and related technologies including micro/nanotechnology and 3D printing, numerous studies have uncovered various intrinsic mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and developed tailored biomaterial systems based on these understandings. Here, the skeletal muscle structure and regeneration process are discussed and the diverse biomaterial systems derived from various technologies are explored in detail. Biomaterials serve not merely as local niches for cell growth, but also as scaffolds endowed with structural or physicochemical properties that provide tissue regenerative cues such as topographical, electrical, and mechanical signals. They can also act as delivery systems for stem cells and bioactive molecules that have been shown as key participants in endogenous repair cascades. To achieve bench-to-bedside translation, the typical effect enabled by biomaterial systems and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms are also summarized. Insights into the roles of biomaterials in SMTE from cellular and molecular perspectives are provided. Finally, perspectives on the advancement of SMTE are provided, for which gene therapy, exosomes, and hybrid biomaterials may hold promise to make important contributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Hanli Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Xiliang Shang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim J, Lee H, Lee G, Ryu D, Kim G. Fabrication of fully aligned self-assembled cell-laden collagen filaments for tissue engineering via a hybrid bioprinting process. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:14-29. [PMID: 38425743 PMCID: PMC10900255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-laden structures play a pivotal role in various tissue engineering applications, particularly in tissue restoration. Interactions between cells within bioprinted structures are crucial for successful tissue development and regulation of stem cell fate through intricate cell-to-cell signaling pathways. In this study, we developed a new technique that combines polyethylene glycol (PEG)-infused submerged bioprinting with a stretching procedure. This approach facilitated the generation of fully aligned collagen structures consisting of myoblasts and a low concentration (2 wt%) of collagen to efficiently encourage muscle tissue regeneration. By adjusting several processing parameters, we obtained biologically safe and mechanically stable cell-laden collagen filaments with uniaxial alignment. Notably, the cell filaments exhibited markedly elevated cellular activities compared to those exhibited by conventional bioprinted filaments, even at similar cell densities. Moreover, when we implanted structures containing adipose stem cells into mice, we observed a significantly increased level of myogenesis compared to that in normally bioprinted struts. Thus, this promising approach has the potential to revolutionize tissue engineering by fostering enhanced cellular interactions and promoting improved outcomes in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JuYeon Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongjin Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eskandarinia A, Morowvat MH, Niknezhad SV, Baghbadorani MA, Michálek M, Chen S, Nemati MM, Negahdaripour M, Heidari R, Azadi A, Ghasemi Y. A photocrosslinkable and hemostatic bilayer wound dressing based on gelatin methacrylate hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol foam for skin regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131231. [PMID: 38554918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The enormous potential of multifunctional bilayer wound dressings in various medical interventions for wound healing has led to decades of exploration into this field of medicine. However, it is usually difficult to synthesize a single hydrogel with all the required capabilities simultaneously. This paper proposes a bilayer model with an outer layer intended for hydrogel wound treatment. By adding gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and tannic acid (TA) to the hydrogel composition and using polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl chitosan (PVA-CMCs) foam layer as supports, a photocrosslinkable hydrogel with an optimal formulation was created. The hydrogels were then examined using a range of analytical procedures, including mechanical testing, rheology, chemical characterization, and in vitro and in vivo tests. The resulting bilayer wound dressing has many desirable properties, namely uniform adhesion and quick crosslinking by UV light. When used against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, bilayer wound dressings demonstrated broad antibacterial efficacy. In bilayer wound dressings with GelMA and TA, better wound healing was observed. Those without these elements showed less effectiveness in healing wounds. Additionally, encouraging collagen production and reducing wound infection has a major therapeutic impact on wounds. The results of this study could have a significant impact on the development of better-performing wound dressings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Eskandarinia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71987-54361, Iran
| | | | - Martin Michálek
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Si Chen
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nemati
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim W, Kim G. Engineered 3D liver-tissue model with minispheroids formed by a bioprinting process supported with in situ electrical stimulation. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:382-400. [PMID: 38379698 PMCID: PMC10876469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, an effective technique for building cell-laden structures providing native extracellular matrix environments, presents challenges, including inadequate cellular interactions. To address these issues, cell spheroids offer a promising solution for improving their biological functions. Particularly, minispheroids with 50-100 μm diameters exhibit enhanced cellular maturation. We propose a one-step minispheroid-forming bioprinting process incorporating electrical stimulation (E-MS-printing). By stimulating the cells, minispheroids with controlled diameters were generated by manipulating the bioink viscosity and stimulation intensity. To validate its feasibility, E-MS-printing process was applied to fabricate an engineered liver model designed to mimic the hepatic lobule unit. E-MS-printing was employed to print the hepatocyte region, followed by bioprinting the central vein using a core-shell nozzle. The resulting constructs displayed native liver-mimetic structures containing minispheroids, which facilitated improved hepatic cell maturation, functional attributes, and vessel formation. Our results demonstrate a new potential 3D liver model that can replicate native liver tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- WonJin Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Albrecht FB, Ahlfeld T, Klatt A, Heine S, Gelinsky M, Kluger PJ. Biofabrication's Contribution to the Evolution of Cultured Meat. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304058. [PMID: 38339837 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cultured Meat (CM) is a growing field in cellular agriculture, driven by the environmental impact of conventional meat production, which contributes to climate change and occupies ≈70% of arable land. As demand for meat alternatives rises, research in this area expands. CM production relies on tissue engineering techniques, where a limited number of animal cells are cultured in vitro and processed to create meat-like tissue comprising muscle and adipose components. Currently, CM is primarily produced on a small scale in pilot facilities. Producing a large cell mass based on suitable cell sources and bioreactors remains challenging. Advanced manufacturing methods and innovative materials are required to subsequently process this cell mass into CM products on a large scale. Consequently, CM is closely linked with biofabrication, a suite of technologies for precisely arranging cellular aggregates and cell-material composites to construct specific structures, often using robotics. This review provides insights into contemporary biomedical biofabrication technologies, focusing on significant advancements in muscle and adipose tissue biofabrication for CM production. Novel materials for biofabricating CM are also discussed, emphasizing their edibility and incorporation of healthful components. Finally, initial studies on biofabricated CM are examined, addressing current limitations and future challenges for large-scale production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Technische Universität Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annemarie Klatt
- Reutlingen University, Reutlingen Research Institute, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Simon Heine
- Reutlingen University, Reutlingen Research Institute, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Technische Universität Dresden, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Das S, Jegadeesan JT, Basu B. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)-Based Biomaterial Inks: Process Science for 3D/4D Printing and Current Status. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2156-2221. [PMID: 38507816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering for injured tissue replacement and regeneration has been a subject of investigation over the last 30 years, and there has been considerable interest in using additive manufacturing to achieve these goals. Despite such efforts, many key questions remain unanswered, particularly in the area of biomaterial selection for these applications as well as quantitative understanding of the process science. The strategic utilization of biological macromolecules provides a versatile approach to meet diverse requirements in 3D printing, such as printability, buildability, and biocompatibility. These molecules play a pivotal role in both physical and chemical cross-linking processes throughout the biofabrication, contributing significantly to the overall success of the 3D printing process. Among the several bioprintable materials, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has been widely utilized for diverse tissue engineering applications, with some degree of success. In this context, this review will discuss the key bioengineering approaches to identify the gelation and cross-linking strategies that are appropriate to control the rheology, printability, and buildability of biomaterial inks. This review will focus on the GelMA as the structural (scaffold) biomaterial for different tissues and as a potential carrier vehicle for the transport of living cells as well as their maintenance and viability in the physiological system. Recognizing the importance of printability toward shape fidelity and biophysical properties, a major focus in this review has been to discuss the qualitative and quantitative impact of the key factors, including microrheological, viscoelastic, gelation, shear thinning properties of biomaterial inks, and printing parameters, in particular, reference to 3D extrusion printing of GelMA-based biomaterial inks. Specifically, we emphasize the different possibilities to regulate mechanical, swelling, biodegradation, and cellular functionalities of GelMA-based bio(material) inks, by hybridization techniques, including different synthetic and natural biopolymers, inorganic nanofillers, and microcarriers. At the close, the potential possibility of the integration of experimental data sets and artificial intelligence/machine learning approaches is emphasized to predict the printability, shape fidelity, or biophysical properties of GelMA bio(material) inks for clinically relevant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Das
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
| | | | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mandal A, Chatterjee K. 4D printing for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2985-3005. [PMID: 38436200 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
While three-dimensional (3D) printing excels at fabricating static constructs, it fails to emulate the dynamic behavior of native tissues or the temporal programmability desired for medical devices. Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an advanced additive manufacturing technology capable of fabricating constructs that can undergo pre-programmed changes in shape, property, or functionality when exposed to specific stimuli. In this Perspective, we summarize the advances in materials chemistry, 3D printing strategies, and post-printing methodologies that collectively facilitate the realization of temporal dynamics within 4D-printed soft materials (hydrogels, shape-memory polymers, liquid crystalline elastomers), ceramics, and metals. We also discuss and present insights about the diverse biomedical applications of 4D printing, including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, drug delivery, in vitro models, and medical devices. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and emphasize the importance of an application-driven design approach to enable the clinical translation and widespread adoption of 4D printing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arkodip Mandal
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jeong D, Jang G, Jung WK, Park YH, Bae H. Stretchable zein-coated alginate fiber for aligning muscle cells to artificially produce cultivated meat. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:13. [PMID: 38374073 PMCID: PMC10876650 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the cultivation of muscle cells using non-animal materials for cultivated meat production. Achieving muscle cell proliferation and alignment using 3D scaffolds made from plant-based materials remains challenging. This study introduces a technique to culture and align muscle cells using only plant-based materials, avoiding toxic chemical modifications. Zein-alginate fibers (ZA fibers) were fabricated by coating zein protein onto alginate fibers (A fibers). Zein's excellent cell compatibility and biodegradability enable high cell adhesion and proliferation rates, and the good ductility of the ZA fibers enable a high strain rate (>75%). We demonstrate mature and aligned myotube formation in ZA fibers, providing a simple way to align muscle cells using plant-based materials. Additionally, cultivated meat was constructed by assembling muscle, fat, and vessel fibers. This method holds promise for the future mass production of cultivated meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayi Jeong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Jung
- NoAH Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16614, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Park
- NoAH Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16614, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojae Bae
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kalogeropoulou M, Díaz-Payno PJ, Mirzaali MJ, van Osch GJVM, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Zadpoor AA. 4D printed shape-shifting biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Biofabrication 2024; 16:022002. [PMID: 38224616 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad1e6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The existing 3D printing methods exhibit certain fabrication-dependent limitations for printing curved constructs that are relevant for many tissues. Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging technology that is expected to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). 4D printing is based on 3D printing, featuring the introduction of time as the fourth dimension, in which there is a transition from a 3D printed scaffold to a new, distinct, and stable state, upon the application of one or more stimuli. Here, we present an overview of the current developments of the 4D printing technology for TERM, with a focus on approaches to achieve temporal changes of the shape of the printed constructs that would enable biofabrication of highly complex structures. To this aim, the printing methods, types of stimuli, shape-shifting mechanisms, and cell-incorporation strategies are critically reviewed. Furthermore, the challenges of this very recent biofabrication technology as well as the future research directions are discussed. Our findings show that the most common printing methods so far are stereolithography (SLA) and extrusion bioprinting, followed by fused deposition modelling, while the shape-shifting mechanisms used for TERM applications are shape-memory and differential swelling for 4D printing and 4D bioprinting, respectively. For shape-memory mechanism, there is a high prevalence of synthetic materials, such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly(glycerol dodecanoate) acrylate (PGDA), or polyurethanes. On the other hand, different acrylate combinations of alginate, hyaluronan, or gelatin have been used for differential swelling-based 4D transformations. TERM applications include bone, vascular, and cardiac tissues as the main target of the 4D (bio)printing technology. The field has great potential for further development by considering the combination of multiple stimuli, the use of a wider range of 4D techniques, and the implementation of computational-assisted strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalogeropoulou
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro J Díaz-Payno
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad J Mirzaali
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lidy E Fratila-Apachitei
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD 2628, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khan MUA, Stojanović GM, Abdullah MFB, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Marei HE, Ashammakhi N, Hasan A. Fundamental properties of smart hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127882. [PMID: 37951446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an advanced and potential biomedical approach to treat patients suffering from lost or failed an organ or tissue to repair and regenerate damaged tissues that increase life expectancy. The biopolymers have been used to fabricate smart hydrogels to repair damaged tissue as they imitate the extracellular matrix (ECM) with intricate structural and functional characteristics. These hydrogels offer desired and controllable qualities, such as tunable mechanical stiffness and strength, inherent adaptability and biocompatibility, swellability, and biodegradability, all crucial for tissue engineering. Smart hydrogels provide a superior cellular environment for tissue engineering, enabling the generation of cutting-edge synthetic tissues due to their special qualities, such as stimuli sensitivity and reactivity. Numerous review articles have presented the exceptional potential of hydrogels for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. Still, it is essential to write a comprehensive review article on smart hydrogels that successfully addresses the essential challenging issues in tissue engineering. Hence, the recent development on smart hydrogel for state-of-the-art tissue engineering conferred progress, highlighting significant challenges and future perspectives. This review discusses recent advances in smart hydrogels fabricated from biological macromolecules and their use for advanced tissue engineering. It also provides critical insight, emphasizing future research directions and progress in tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mohd Faizal Bin Abdullah
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | | | - Hany E Marei
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Casella A, Lowen J, Griffin KH, Shimamoto N, Ramos-Rodriguez DH, Panitch A, Leach JK. Conductive Microgel Annealed Scaffolds Enhance Myogenic Potential of Myoblastic Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302500. [PMID: 38069833 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Conductive biomaterials may capture native or exogenous bioelectric signaling, but incorporation of conductive moieties is limited by cytotoxicity, poor injectability, or insufficient stimulation. Microgel annealed scaffolds are promising as hydrogel-based materials due to their inherent void space that facilitates cell migration and proliferation better than nanoporous bulk hydrogels. Conductive microgels are generated from poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) to explore the interplay of void volume and conductivity on myogenic differentiation. PEDOT: PSS increases microgel conductivity two-fold while maintaining stiffness, annealing strength, and viability of associated myoblastic cells. C2C12 myoblasts exhibit increases in the late-stage differentiation marker myosin heavy chain as a function of both porosity and conductivity. Myogenin, an earlier marker, is influenced only by porosity. Human skeletal muscle-derived cells exhibit increased Myod1, insulin like growth factor-1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 at earlier time points on conductive microgel scaffolds compared to non-conductive scaffolds. They also secrete more vascular endothelial growth factor at early time points and express factors that led to macrophage polarization patterns observe during muscle repair. These data indicate that conductivity aids myogenic differentiation of myogenic cell lines and primary cells, motivating the need for future translational studies to promote muscle repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Casella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jeremy Lowen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Katherine H Griffin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nathan Shimamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - David H Ramos-Rodriguez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chiesa I, Esposito A, Vozzi G, Gottardi R, De Maria C. 4D bioprinted self-folding scaffolds enhance cartilage formation in the engineering of trachea. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.06.570378. [PMID: 38105967 PMCID: PMC10723422 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.570378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Trachea defects that required surgical interventions are increasing in number in the recent years, especially for pediatric patients. However, current gold standards, such as biological grafts and synthetic prothesis, do not represent an effective solution, due to the lack of mimicry and regeneration capability. Bioprinting is a cutting-edge approach for the fabrication of biomimetic scaffold to empower tissue engineering toward trachea replacement. In this study, we developed a self-folding gelatin-based bilayer scaffold for trachea engineering, exploiting the 4D bioprinting approach, namely the fabrication of dynamic scaffolds, able to shape morph in a predefined way after the application of an environmental stimulus. Indeed, starting form a 2D flat position, upon hydration, this scaffold forms a closed tubular structure. An analytical model, based on Timoshenko's beam thermostats, was developed, and validated to predict the radius of curvature of the scaffold according to the material properties and the scaffold geometry. The 4D bioprinted structure was tested with airway fibroblast, lung endothelial cells and ear chondral progenitor cells (eCPCs) toward the development of a tissue engineered trachea. Cells were seeded on the scaffold in its initial flat position, maintained their position after the scaffold actuation and proliferated over or inside it. The ability of eCPCs to differentiate towards mature cartialge was evaluated. Interestingly, real-time PCR revealed that differentiating eCPCs on the 4D bioprinted scaffold promote healthy cartilage formation, if compared with eCPCs cultured on 2D static scaffold. Thus, eCPCs can perceive scaffold folding and its final curvature and to react to it, towards the formation of mature cartilage for the airway.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou J, Li Q, Tian Z, Yao Q, Zhang M. Recent advances in 3D bioprinted cartilage-mimicking constructs for applications in tissue engineering. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100870. [PMID: 38179226 PMCID: PMC10765242 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cartilage tissue can be categorized into three types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage. Each type of cartilage tissue possesses unique properties and functions, which presents a significant challenge for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Bionics is a discipline in which humans study and imitate nature. A bionic strategy based on comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy and histology of human cartilage is expected to contribute to fundamental study of core elements of tissue repair. Moreover, as a novel tissue-engineered technology, 3D bioprinting has the distinctive advantage of the rapid and precise construction of targeted models. Thus, by selecting suitable materials, cells and cytokines, and by leveraging advanced printing technology and bionic concepts, it becomes possible to simultaneously realize multiple beneficial properties and achieve improved tissue repair. This article provides an overview of key elements involved in the combination of 3D bioprinting and bionic strategies, with a particular focus on recent advances in mimicking different types of cartilage tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Zhuang Tian
- Department of Joint Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, PR China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Barros NR, Darabi MA, Ma X, Diltemiz SE, Ermis M, Hassani Najafabasi A, Nadine S, Banton EA, Mandal K, Abbasgholizadeh R, Falcone N, Mano JF, Nasiri R, Herculano RD, Zhu Y, Ostrovidov S, Lee J, Kim HJ, Hosseini V, Dokmeci MR, Ahadian S, Khademhosseini A. Enhanced Maturation of 3D Bioprinted Skeletal Muscle Tissue Constructs Encapsulating Soluble Factor-Releasing Microparticles. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300276. [PMID: 37534566 PMCID: PMC10837326 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Several microfabrication technologies have been used to engineer native-like skeletal muscle tissues. However, the successful development of muscle remains a significant challenge in the tissue engineering field. Muscle tissue engineering aims to combine muscle precursor cells aligned within a highly organized 3D structure and biological factors crucial to support cell differentiation and maturation into functional myotubes and myofibers. In this study, the use of 3D bioprinting is proposed for the fabrication of muscle tissues using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) incorporating sustained insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-releasing microparticles and myoblast cells. This study hypothesizes that functional and mature myotubes will be obtained more efficiently using a bioink that can release IGF-1 sustainably for in vitro muscle engineering. Synthesized microfluidic-assisted polymeric microparticles demonstrate successful adsorption of IGF-1 and sustained release of IGF-1 at physiological pH for at least 21 days. Incorporating the IGF-1-releasing microparticles in the GelMA bioink assisted in promoting the alignment of myoblasts and differentiation into myotubes. Furthermore, the myotubes show spontaneous contraction in the muscle constructs bioprinted with IGF-1-releasing bioink. The proposed bioprinting strategy aims to improve the development of new therapies applied to the regeneration and maturation of muscle tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Ali Darabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Xin Ma
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sibel Emir Diltemiz
- Department of Chemistry, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, 26470, Turkey
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Sara Nadine
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ethan A. Banton
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - João F. Mano
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rohollah Nasiri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Serge Ostrovidov
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Junmin Lee
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Mehmet R. Dokmeci
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee S, Kim W, Kim G. Efficient Myogenic Activities Achieved through Blade-Casting-Assisted Bioprinting of Aligned Myoblasts Laden in Collagen Bioink. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5219-5229. [PMID: 37917832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated mechanical stimulation combined with three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting as a new approach for introducing biophysical and biological cues for tissue regeneration. A blade-casting method in conjunction with bioprinting was employed to fabricate bioengineered skeletal muscle constructs using a bioink composed of C2C12 myoblasts and collagen type-I. Various printing process parameters were selected and optimized to achieve a highly organized cell alignment within the constructs. The resulting cell-aligned constructs demonstrated remarkable improvement in actin filament alignment and cell proliferation compared with conventionally printed cell-laden constructs. This improvement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of mechanotransduction, facilitating the cellular response to mechanical cues and the alignment of fibrillated collagen, which plays a significant role in modulating cellular functions and promoting muscle tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of blade casting combined with 3D bioprinting on gene expression. The expression levels of myogenesis-related genes were substantially upregulated, with an approximately 1.6-fold increase compared to the constructs fabricated without the blade-casting technique. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of combining mechanical stimulation through blade casting with 3D bioprinting in promoting aligned cell structures, enhancing cellular functions, and driving muscle tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SuHyeok Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - WonJin Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chiesa I, Ceccarini MR, Bittolo Bon S, Codini M, Beccari T, Valentini L, De Maria C. 4D Printing Shape-Morphing Hybrid Biomaterials for Advanced Bioengineering Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6661. [PMID: 37895643 PMCID: PMC10608699 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an innovative additive manufacturing technology used to fabricate structures that can evolve over time when exposed to a predefined environmental stimulus. 4D printed objects are no longer static objects but programmable active structures that accomplish their functions thanks to a change over time in their physical/chemical properties that usually displays macroscopically as a shapeshifting in response to an external stimulus. 4D printing is characterized by several entangled features (e.g., involved material(s), structure geometry, and applied stimulus entities) that need to be carefully coupled to obtain a favorable fabrication and a functioning structure. Overall, the integration of micro-/nanofabrication methods of biomaterials with nanomaterials represents a promising approach for the development of advanced materials. The ability to construct complex and multifunctional triggerable structures capable of being activated allows for the control of biomedical device activity, reducing the need for invasive interventions. Such advancements provide new tools to biomedical engineers and clinicians to design dynamically actuated implantable devices. In this context, the aim of this review is to demonstrate the potential of 4D printing as an enabling manufacturing technology to code the environmentally triggered physical evolution of structures and devices of biomedical interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Chiesa
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione and Research Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (M.R.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Silvia Bittolo Bon
- Physics and Geology Department, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (M.R.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (M.R.C.); (M.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Luca Valentini
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy;
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Department of Ingegneria dell’Informazione and Research Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Faber L, Yau A, Chen Y. Translational biomaterials of four-dimensional bioprinting for tissue regeneration. Biofabrication 2023; 16:012001. [PMID: 37757814 PMCID: PMC10561158 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acfdd0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technique that combines living cells, biomaterials, and biological molecules to develop biologically functional constructs. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is commonly used as anin vitromodeling system and is a more accurate representation ofin vivoconditions in comparison to two-dimensional cell culture. Although 3D bioprinting has been utilized in various tissue engineering and clinical applications, it only takes into consideration the initial state of the printed scaffold or object. Four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting has emerged in recent years to incorporate the additional dimension of time within the printed 3D scaffolds. During the 4D bioprinting process, an external stimulus is exposed to the printed construct, which ultimately changes its shape or functionality. By studying how the structures and the embedded cells respond to various stimuli, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the functionality of native tissues. This review paper will focus on the biomaterial breakthroughs in the newly advancing field of 4D bioprinting and their applications in tissue engineering and regeneration. In addition, the use of smart biomaterials and 4D printing mechanisms for tissue engineering applications is discussed to demonstrate potential insights for novel 4D bioprinting applications. To address the current challenges with this technology, we will conclude with future perspectives involving the incorporation of biological scaffolds and self-assembling nanomaterials in bioprinted tissue constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Faber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
| | - Anne Yau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ramey-Ward A, Dong Y, Yang J, Ogasawara H, Bremer-Sai EC, Brazhkina O, Franck C, Davis M, Salaita K. Optomechanically Actuated Hydrogel Platform for Cell Stimulation with Spatial and Temporal Resolution. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5361-5375. [PMID: 37604774 PMCID: PMC10498418 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells exist in the body in mechanically dynamic environments, yet the vast majority of in vitro cell culture is conducted on static materials such as plastic dishes and gels. To address this limitation, we report an approach to transition widely used hydrogels into mechanically active substrates by doping optomechanical actuator (OMA) nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. OMAs are composed of gold nanorods surrounded by a thermoresponsive polymer shell that rapidly collapses upon near-infrared (NIR) illumination. As a proof of concept, we crosslinked OMAs into laminin-gelatin hydrogels, generating up to 5 μm deformations triggered by NIR pulsing. This response was tunable by NIR intensity and OMA density within the gel and is generalizable to other hydrogel materials. Hydrogel mechanical stimulation enhanced myogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts as evidenced by ERK signaling, myocyte fusion, and sarcomeric myosin expression. We also demonstrate rescued differentiation in a chronic inflammation model as a result of mechanical stimulation. This work establishes OMA-actuated biomaterials as a powerful tool for in vitro mechanical manipulation with broad applications in the field of mechanobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison
N. Ramey-Ward
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jin Yang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Wisconsin − Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Hiroaki Ogasawara
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elizabeth C. Bremer-Sai
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Wisconsin − Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Olga Brazhkina
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Christian Franck
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Wisconsin − Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael Davis
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jafari A, Behjat E, Malektaj H, Mobini F. Alignment behavior of nerve, vascular, muscle, and intestine cells in two- and three-dimensional strategies. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1620. [PMID: 37392045 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
By harnessing structural hierarchical insights, plausibly simulate better ones imagination to figure out the best choice of methods for reaching out the unprecedented developments of the tissue engineering products as a next level. Constructing a functional tissue that incorporates two-dimensional (2D) or higher dimensions requires overcoming technological or biological limitations in order to orchestrate the structural compilation of one-dimensional and 2D sheets (microstructures) simultaneously (in situ). This approach enables the creation of a layered structure that can be referred to as an ensemble of layers or, after several days of maturation, a direct or indirect joining of layers. Here, we have avoided providing a detailed methodological description of three-dimensional and 2D strategies, except for a few interesting examples that highlight the higher alignment of cells and emphasize rarely remembered facts associated with vascular, peripheral nerve, muscle, and intestine tissues. The effective directionality of cells in conjunction with geometric cues (in the range of micrometers) is well known to affect a variety of cell behaviors. The curvature of a cell's environment is one of the factors that influence the formation of patterns within tissues. The text will cover cell types containing some level of stemness, which will be followed by their consequences for tissue formation. Other important considerations pertain to cytoskeleton traction forces, cell organelle positioning, and cell migration. An overview of cell alignment along with several pivotal molecular and cellular level concepts, such as mechanotransduction, chirality, and curvature of structure effects on cell alignments will be presented. The mechanotransduction term will be used here in the context of the sensing capability that cells show as a result of force-induced changes either at the conformational or the organizational levels, a capability that allows us to modify cell fate by triggering downstream signaling pathways. A discussion of the cells' cytoskeleton and of the stress fibers involvement in altering the cell's circumferential constitution behavior (alignment) based on exposed scaffold radius will be provided. Curvatures with size similarities in the range of cell sizes cause the cell's behavior to act as if it was in an in vivo tissue environment. The revision of the literature, patents, and clinical trials performed for the present study shows that there is a clear need for translational research through the implementation of clinical trial platforms that address the tissue engineering possibilities raised in the current revision. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Neurological Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Cardiovascular Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Jafari
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erfan Behjat
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Faezeh Mobini
- Molecular Simulation Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
He J, Sun Y, Gao Q, He C, Yao K, Wang T, Xie M, Yu K, Nie J, Chen Y, He Y. Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel, from Standardization, Performance, to Biomedical Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300395. [PMID: 37115708 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a photocurable hydrogel, is widely used in 3D culture, particularly in 3D bioprinting, due to its high biocompatibility, tunable physicochemical properties, and excellent formability. However, as the properties and performances of GelMA vary under different synthetic conditions, there is a lack of standardization, leading to conflicting results. In this study, a uniform standard is established to understand and enhance GelMA applications. First, the basic concept of GelMA and the density of the molecular network (DMN) are defined. Second, two properties, degrees of substitution and ratio of solid content, as the main measurable parameters determining the DMN are used. Third, the mechanisms and relationships between DMN and its performance in various applications in terms of porosity, viscosity, formability, mechanical strength, swelling, biodegradation, and cytocompatibility are theoretically explained. The main questions that are answered: what does performance mean, why is it important, how to optimize the basic parameters to improve the performance, and how to characterize it reasonably and accurately? Finally, it is hoped that this knowledge will eliminate the need for researchers to conduct tedious and repetitive pre-experiments, enable easy communication for achievements between groups under the same standard, and fully explore the potential of the GelMA hydrogel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, 215101, China
| | - Chanfan He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tongyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Kang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, 215101, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Casella A, Lowen J, Shimamoto N, Griffin KH, Filler AC, Panitch A, Leach JK. Conductive microgel annealed scaffolds enhance myogenic potential of myoblastic cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.01.551533. [PMID: 37577583 PMCID: PMC10418230 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.01.551533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectricity is an understudied phenomenon to guide tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Conductive biomaterials may capture native or exogenous bioelectric signaling, but incorporation of conductive moieties is limited by cytotoxicity, poor injectability, or insufficient stimulation. Microgel annealed scaffolds are promising as hydrogel-based materials due to their inherent void space that facilitates cell migration and proliferation better than nanoporous bulk hydrogels. We generated conductive microgels from poly(ethylene) glycol and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to explore the interplay of void volume and conductivity on myogenic differentiation. PEDOT:PSS increased microgel conductivity over 2-fold while maintaining stiffness, annealing strength, and viability of associated myoblastic cells. C2C12 myoblasts exhibited increases in the late-stage differentiation marker myosin heavy chain as a function of both porosity and conductivity. Myogenin, an earlier marker, was influenced only by porosity. Human skeletal muscle derived cells exhibited increased Myod1 , IGF-1, and IGFBP-2 at earlier timepoints on conductive microgel scaffolds compared to non-conductive scaffolds. They also secreted higher levels of VEGF at early timepoints and expressed factors that led to macrophage polarization patterns observed during muscle repair. These data indicate that conductivity aids myogenic differentiation of myogenic cell lines and primary cells, motivating the need for future translational studies to promote muscle repair.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ramezani M, Mohd Ripin Z. 4D Printing in Biomedical Engineering: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:347. [PMID: 37504842 PMCID: PMC10381284 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
4D printing has emerged as a transformative technology in the field of biomedical engineering, offering the potential for dynamic, stimuli-responsive structures with applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, medical devices, and diagnostics. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the advancements, challenges, and future directions of 4D printing in biomedical engineering. We discuss the development of smart materials, including stimuli-responsive polymers, shape-memory materials, and bio-inks, as well as the various fabrication techniques employed, such as direct-write assembly, stereolithography, and multi-material jetting. Despite the promising advances, several challenges persist, including material limitations related to biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and degradation rates; fabrication complexities arising from the integration of multiple materials, resolution and accuracy, and scalability; and regulatory and ethical considerations surrounding safety and efficacy. As we explore the future directions for 4D printing, we emphasise the need for material innovations, fabrication advancements, and emerging applications such as personalised medicine, nanomedicine, and bioelectronic devices. Interdisciplinary research and collaboration between material science, biology, engineering, regulatory agencies, and industry are essential for overcoming challenges and realising the full potential of 4D printing in the biomedical engineering landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Ramezani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Zaidi Mohd Ripin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Arif ZU, Khalid MY, Noroozi R, Hossain M, Shi HH, Tariq A, Ramakrishna S, Umer R. Additive manufacturing of sustainable biomaterials for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100812. [PMID: 37274921 PMCID: PMC10238852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are promising environmentally benign materials applicable in multifarious applications. They are especially favorable in implantable biomedical devices thanks to their excellent unique properties, including bioactivity, renewability, bioresorbability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilicity. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a flexible and intricate manufacturing technology, which is widely used to fabricate biopolymer-based customized products and structures for advanced healthcare systems. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of these sustainable materials is applied in functional clinical settings including wound dressing, drug delivery systems, medical implants and tissue engineering. The present review highlights recent advancements in different types of biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, which are employed to develop different biomedical products by using extrusion, vat polymerization, laser and inkjet 3D printing techniques in addition to normal bioprinting and four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting techniques. This review also incorporates the influence of nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances of 3D-printed tissue scaffolds. This work also addresses current challenges as well as future developments of environmentally friendly polymeric materials manufactured through the AM techniques. Ideally, there is a need for more focused research on the adequate blending of these biodegradable biopolymers for achieving useful results in targeted biomedical areas. We envision that biopolymer-based 3D-printed composites have the potential to revolutionize the biomedical sector in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ullah Arif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khalid
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reza Noroozi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokarram Hossain
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering (ZCCE), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - HaoTian Harvey Shi
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ali Tariq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Rehan Umer
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ostrovidov S, Ramalingam M, Bae H, Orive G, Fujie T, Shi X, Kaji H. Latest developments in engineered skeletal muscle tissues for drug discovery and development. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:47-63. [PMID: 36535280 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2160438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the advances in skeletal muscle tissue engineering, new platforms have arisen with important applications in biology studies, disease modeling, and drug testing. Current developments highlight the quest for engineering skeletal muscle tissues with higher complexity . These new human skeletal muscle tissue models will be powerful tools for drug discovery and development and disease modeling. AREAS COVERED The authors review the latest advances in in vitro models of engineered skeletal muscle tissues used for testing drugs with a focus on the use of four main cell culture techniques: Cell cultures in well plates, in microfluidics, in organoids, and in bioprinted constructs. Additional information is provided on the satellite cell niche. EXPERT OPINION In recent years, more sophisticated in vitro models of skeletal muscle tissues have been fabricated. Important developments have been made in stem cell research and in the engineering of human skeletal muscle tissue. Some platforms have already started to be used for drug testing, notably those based on the parameters of hypertrophy/atrophy and the contractibility of myotubes. More developments are expected through the use of multicellular types and multi-materials as matrices . The validation and use of these models in drug testing should now increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ostrovidov
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hojae Bae
- KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xuetao Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pourmasoumi P, Moghaddam A, Nemati Mahand S, Heidari F, Salehi Moghaddam Z, Arjmand M, Kühnert I, Kruppke B, Wiesmann HP, Khonakdar HA. A review on the recent progress, opportunities, and challenges of 4D printing and bioprinting in regenerative medicine. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:108-146. [PMID: 35924585 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2110480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Four-dimensional (4 D) printing is a novel emerging technology, which can be defined as the ability of 3 D printed materials to change their form and functions. The term 'time' is added to 3 D printing as the fourth dimension, in which materials can respond to a stimulus after finishing the manufacturing process. 4 D printing provides more versatility in terms of size, shape, and structure after printing the construct. Complex material programmability, multi-material printing, and precise structure design are the essential requirements of 4 D printing systems. The utilization of stimuli-responsive polymers has increasingly taken the place of cell traction force-dependent methods and manual folding, offering a more advanced technique to affect a construct's adjusted shape transformation. The present review highlights the concept of 4 D printing and the responsive bioinks used in 4 D printing, such as water-responsive, pH-responsive, thermo-responsive, and light-responsive materials used in tissue regeneration. Cell traction force methods are described as well. Finally, this paper aims to introduce the limitations and future trends of 4 D printing in biomedical applications based on selected key references from the last decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi Moghaddam
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Ines Kühnert
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kruppke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Wiesmann
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Díaz-Payno PJ, Kalogeropoulou M, Muntz I, Kingma E, Kops N, D'Este M, Koenderink GH, Fratila-Apachitei LE, van Osch GJVM, Zadpoor AA. Swelling-Dependent Shape-Based Transformation of a Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Laden 4D Bioprinted Construct for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2201891. [PMID: 36308047 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is usually implemented on flat surfaces, posing serious limitations in the fabrication of multilayered curved constructs. 4D bioprinting, combining 3D bioprinting with time-dependent stimuli-induced transformation, enables the fabrication of shape-changing constructs. Here, a 4D biofabrication method is reported for cartilage engineering based on the differential swelling of a smart multi-material system made from two hydrogel-based materials: hyaluronan and alginate. Two ink formulations are used: tyramine-functionalized hyaluronan (HAT, high-swelling) and alginate with HAT (AHAT, low-swelling). Both inks have similar elastic, shear-thinning, and printability behavior. The inks are 3D printed into a bilayered scaffold before triggering the shape-change by using liquid immersion as stimulus. In time (4D), the differential swelling between the two zones leads to the scaffold's self-bending. Different designs are made to tune the radius of curvature and shape. A bioprinted formulation of AHAT and human bone marrow cells demonstrates high cell viability. After 28 days in chondrogenic medium, the curvature is clearly present while cartilage-like matrix production is visible on histology. A proof-of-concept of the recently emerged technology of 4D bioprinting with a specific application for the design of curved structures potentially mimicking the curvature and multilayer cellular nature of native cartilage is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Díaz-Payno
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands.,Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, Netherlands
| | - Maria Kalogeropoulou
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Iain Muntz
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Esther Kingma
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Nicole Kops
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, Netherlands
| | - Matteo D'Este
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, 7270, Switzerland
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Lidy E Fratila-Apachitei
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands.,Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, Netherlands
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628CD, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sekar MP, Budharaju H, Zennifer A, Sethuraman S, Sundaramurthi D. Four-dimension printing in healthcare. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
31
|
Lv B, Lu L, Hu L, Cheng P, Hu Y, Xie X, Dai G, Mi B, Liu X, Liu G. Recent advances in GelMA hydrogel transplantation for musculoskeletal disorders and related disease treatment. Theranostics 2023; 13:2015-2039. [PMID: 37064871 PMCID: PMC10091878 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing data reveals that gelatin that has been methacrylated is involved in a variety of physiologic processes that are important for therapeutic interventions. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is a highly attractive hydrogels-based bioink because of its good biocompatibility, low cost, and photo-cross-linking structure that is useful for cell survivability and cell monitoring. Methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) has established itself as a typical hydrogel composition with extensive biomedical applications. Recent advances in GelMA have focused on integrating them with bioactive and functional nanomaterials, with the goal of improving GelMA's physical, chemical, and biological properties. GelMA's ability to modify characteristics due to the synthesis technique also makes it a good choice for soft and hard tissues. GelMA has been established to become an independent or supplementary technology for musculoskeletal problems. Here, we systematically review mechanism-of-action, therapeutic uses, and challenges and future direction of GelMA in musculoskeletal disorders. We give an overview of GelMA nanocomposite for different applications in musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, bone regeneration, tendon disorders and so on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Xudong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518118 P.R. China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
| | - Xin Liu
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Qiu Z, Zhu H, Wang Y, Kasimu A, Li D, He J. Functionalized alginate-based bioinks for microscale electrohydrodynamic bioprinting of living tissue constructs with improved cellular spreading and alignment. Biodes Manuf 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
33
|
Li C, Chen J, Jie T, Wu W, Wang K, Wang J, Deng L, Wang B, Cui W. Construction of Biomimetic Tissues with Anisotropic Structures via Stepwise Algorithm-Assisted Bioprinting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204316. [PMID: 36192165 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-specific natural anisotropic microstructures play an important role in the normal functioning of tissues, yet they remain difficult to construct by current printing techniques. Herein, a stepwise algorithm-assisted bioprinting technology for the construction of biomimetic tissues with a customizable anisotropic microstructure by combining the Adaptive Mesh Generation algorithm and the Greedy Search algorithm is developed. Based on the mechanical topology optimization design mechanism, the Adaptive Mesh Generation algorithm can generate controllable anisotropic mesh patterns with the minimum free energy in plane models according to tissue-specific requirements. Subsequently, the Greedy Search algorithm can program the generated pattern data into optimized printing paths, effectively avoiding structural deformations caused by the multiple stacking of materials and reducing the printing time. The developed bioprinting technique is suitable for various types of bioinks including polymers, hydrogels, and organic/inorganic complexes. After combining with a calcium phosphorus bioink, the compound algorithm-assisted bioprinting technique successfully customizes femurs with biomimetic chemical compositions, anisotropic microstructures, and biological properties, demonstrating its effectiveness. Additionally, algorithm-assisted bioprinting is generally suitable for most commercial extrusion bioprinters that function in the geometric code (G-code) drive mode. Therefore, the algorithm-assisted extrusion bioprinting technology offers an intelligent manufacturing strategy for the customization of anisotropic microstructures in biomimetic tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuidi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Tianyang Jie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wen Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Kan Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Ben Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arif ZU, Khalid MY, Zolfagharian A, Bodaghi M. 4D bioprinting of smart polymers for biomedical applications: recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
35
|
Chen X, Han S, Wu W, Wu Z, Yuan Y, Wu J, Liu C. Harnessing 4D Printing Bioscaffolds for Advanced Orthopedics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106824. [PMID: 35060321 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of programmable functional biomaterials makes 4D printing add a new dimension, time (t), based on 3D structures (x, y, z), therefore, 4D printed constructs could transform their morphology or function over time in response to environmental stimuli. Nowadays, highly efficient bone defect repair remains challenging in clinics. Combining programmable biomaterials, living cells, and bioactive factors, 4D bioprinting provides greater potential for constructing dynamic, personalized, and precise bone tissue engineering scaffolds by complex structure formation and functional maturation. Therefore, 4D bioprinting has been regarded as the next generation of bone repair technology. This review focuses on 4D printing and its advantages in orthopedics. The applications of different smart biomaterials and 4D printing strategies are briefly introduced. Furthermore, one summarizes the recent advancements of 4D printing in bone tissue engineering, uncovering the addressed and unaddressed medical requirements. In addition, current challenges and future perspectives are further discussed, which will offer more inspiration about the clinical transformation of this emerging 4D bioprinting technology in bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zihan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Afzali Naniz M, Askari M, Zolfagharian A, Afzali Naniz M, Bodaghi M. 4D Printing: A Cutting-edge Platform for Biomedical Applications. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 36044881 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac8e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nature's materials have evolved over time to be able to respond to environmental stimuli by generating complex structures that can change their functions in response to distance, time, and direction of stimuli. A number of technical efforts are currently being made to improve printing resolution, shape fidelity, and printing speed to mimic the structural design of natural materials with three-dimensional (3D) printing. Unfortunately, this technology is limited by the fact that printed objects are static and cannot be reshaped dynamically in response to stimuli. In recent years, several smart materials have been developed that can undergo dynamic morphing in response to a stimulus, thus resolving this issue. Four-dimensional (4D) printing refers to a manufacturing process involving additive manufacturing, smart materials, and specific geometries. It has become an essential technology for biomedical engineering and has the potential to create a wide range of useful biomedical products. This paper will discuss the concept of 4D bioprinting and the recent developments in smart matrials, which can be actuated by different stimuli and be exploited to develop biomimetic materials and structures, with significant implications for pharmaceutics and biomedical research, as well as prospects for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moqaddaseh Afzali Naniz
- University of New South Wales, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mohsen Askari
- Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Manpus, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG11 8NS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- Engineering, Deakin University Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria, 3217, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mehrdad Afzali Naniz
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering , Nottingham Trent University - Clifton Campus, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Paci C, Iberite F, Arrico L, Vannozzi L, Parlanti P, Gemmi M, Ricotti L. Piezoelectric nanocomposite bioink and ultrasound stimulation modulate early skeletal myogenesis. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5265-5283. [PMID: 35913209 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01853a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in bioprinting for skeletal muscle tissue engineering, new stimuli-responsive bioinks to boost the myogenesis process are highly desirable. In this work, we developed a printable alginate/Pluronic-based bioink including piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles (nominal diameter: ∼60 nm) for the 3D bioprinting of muscle cell-laden hydrogels. The aim was to investigate the effects of the combination of piezoelectric nanoparticles with ultrasound stimulation on early myogenic differentiation of the printed structures. After the characterization of nanoparticles and bioinks, viability tests were carried out to investigate three nanoparticle concentrations (100, 250, and 500 μg mL-1) within the printed structures. An excellent cytocompatibility was confirmed for nanoparticle concentrations up to 250 μg mL-1. TEM imaging demonstrated the internalization of BTNPs in intracellular vesicles. The combination of piezoelectric nanoparticles and ultrasound stimulation upregulated the expression of MYOD1, MYOG, and MYH2 and enhanced cell aggregation, which is a crucial step for myoblast fusion, and the presence of MYOG in the nuclei. These results suggest that the direct piezoelectric effect induced by ultrasound on the internalized piezoelectric nanoparticles boosts myogenesis in its early phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Paci
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Iberite
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Arrico
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vannozzi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Parlanti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Amukarimi S, Rezvani Z, Eghtesadi N, Mozafari M. Smart biomaterials: From 3D printing to 4D bioprinting. Methods 2022; 205:191-199. [PMID: 35810960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This century is blessed with enhanced medical facilities on the grounds of the development of smart biomaterials. The rise of the four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting technology is a shining example. Using inert biomaterials as the bioinks for the three-dimensional (3D) printing process, static objects that might not be able to mimic the dynamic nature of tissues would be fabricated; by contrast, 4D bioprinting can be used for the fabrication of stimuli-responsive cell-laden structures that can evolve with time and enable engineered tissues to undergo morphological changes in a pre-planned way. For all the aptitude of 4D bioprinting technology in tissue engineering, it is imperative to select suitable stimuli-responsive biomaterials with cell-supporting functionalities and responsiveness; as a result, in this article, recent advances and challenges in smart biomaterials for 4D bioprinting are briefly discussed. An overview perspective concerning the latest developments in 4D-bioprinting is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shukufe Amukarimi
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezvani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Neda Eghtesadi
- Inorganic Chemistry Group, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Asri NAN, Mahat MM, Zakaria A, Safian MF, Abd Hamid UM. Fabrication Methods of Electroactive Scaffold-Based Conducting Polymers for Tissue Engineering Application: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876696. [PMID: 35875482 PMCID: PMC9300926 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conductive scaffolds, defined as scaffold systems capable of carrying electric current, have been extensively researched for tissue engineering applications. Conducting polymers (CPs) as components of conductive scaffolds was introduced to improve morphology or cell attachment, conductivity, tissue growth, and healing rate, all of which are beneficial for cardiac, muscle, nerve, and bone tissue management. Conductive scaffolds have become an alternative for tissue replacement, and repair, as well as to compensate for the global organ shortage for transplantation. Previous researchers have presented a wide range of fabrication methods for conductive scaffolds. This review highlights the most recent advances in developing conductive scaffolds, with the aim to trigger more theoretical and experimental work to address the challenges and prospects of these new fabrication techniques in medical sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Najihah Asri
- School of Physics and Material Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Muzamir Mahat
- School of Physics and Material Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Muzamir Mahat, ; Azlan Zakaria, ; Muhd Fauzi Safian, ; Umi Marshida Abd Hamid,
| | - Azlan Zakaria
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Muzamir Mahat, ; Azlan Zakaria, ; Muhd Fauzi Safian, ; Umi Marshida Abd Hamid,
| | - Muhd Fauzi Safian
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Muzamir Mahat, ; Azlan Zakaria, ; Muhd Fauzi Safian, ; Umi Marshida Abd Hamid,
| | - Umi Marshida Abd Hamid
- School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Muzamir Mahat, ; Azlan Zakaria, ; Muhd Fauzi Safian, ; Umi Marshida Abd Hamid,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Qin C, Wu C. Inorganic biomaterials‐based bioinks for three‐dimensional bioprinting of regenerative scaffolds. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20210018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lukin I, Erezuma I, Maeso L, Zarate J, Desimone MF, Al-Tel TH, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Orive G. Progress in Gelatin as Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061177. [PMID: 35745750 PMCID: PMC9229474 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has become a medical alternative in this society with an ever-increasing lifespan. Advances in the areas of technology and biomaterials have facilitated the use of engineered constructs for medical issues. This review discusses on-going concerns and the latest developments in a widely employed biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering: gelatin. Emerging techniques including 3D bioprinting and gelatin functionalization have demonstrated better mimicking of native tissue by reinforcing gelatin-based systems, among others. This breakthrough facilitates, on the one hand, the manufacturing process when it comes to practicality and cost-effectiveness, which plays a key role in the transition towards clinical application. On the other hand, it can be concluded that gelatin could be considered as one of the promising biomaterials in future trends, in which the focus might be on the detection and diagnosis of diseases rather than treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izeia Lukin
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Itsasne Erezuma
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lidia Maeso
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jon Zarate
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Federico Desimone
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina;
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Department of Health Technology, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Y, Cui H, Esworthy T, Mei D, Wang Y, Zhang LG. Emerging 4D Printing Strategies for Next-Generation Tissue Regeneration and Medical Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109198. [PMID: 34951494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of 3D printing has led to considerable progress in the field of biomedical engineering. Notably, 4D printing provides a potential strategy to achieve a time-dependent physical change within tissue scaffolds or replicate the dynamic biological behaviors of native tissues for smart tissue regeneration and the fabrication of medical devices. The fabricated stimulus-responsive structures can offer dynamic, reprogrammable deformation or actuation to mimic complex physical, biochemical, and mechanical processes of native tissues. Although there is notable progress made in the development of the 4D printing approach for various biomedical applications, its more broad-scale adoption for clinical use and tissue engineering purposes is complicated by a notable limitation of printable smart materials and the simplistic nature of achievable responses possible with current sources of stimulation. In this review, the recent progress made in the field of 4D printing by discussing the various printing mechanisms that are achieved with great emphasis on smart ink mechanisms of 4D actuation, construct structural design, and printing technologies, is highlighted. Recent 4D printing studies which focus on the applications of tissue/organ regeneration and medical devices are then summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of 4D printing are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Deqing Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Iberite F, Gruppioni E, Ricotti L. Skeletal muscle differentiation of human iPSCs meets bioengineering strategies: perspectives and challenges. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:23. [PMID: 35393412 PMCID: PMC8991236 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although skeletal muscle repairs itself following small injuries, genetic diseases or severe damages may hamper its ability to do so. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can generate myogenic progenitors, but their use in combination with bioengineering strategies to modulate their phenotype has not been sufficiently investigated. This review highlights the potential of this combination aimed at pushing the boundaries of skeletal muscle tissue engineering. First, the overall organization and the key steps in the myogenic process occurring in vivo are described. Second, transgenic and non-transgenic approaches for the myogenic induction of human iPSCs are compared. Third, technologies to provide cells with biophysical stimuli, biomaterial cues, and biofabrication strategies are discussed in terms of recreating a biomimetic environment and thus helping to engineer a myogenic phenotype. The embryonic development process and the pro-myogenic role of the muscle-resident cell populations in co-cultures are also described, highlighting the possible clinical applications of iPSCs in the skeletal muscle tissue engineering field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Iberite
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.
| | - Emanuele Gruppioni
- Centro Protesi INAIL, Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 40054, Vigorso di Budrio (BO), Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ding A, Jeon O, Cleveland D, Gasvoda KL, Wells D, Lee SJ, Alsberg E. Jammed Micro-Flake Hydrogel for Four-Dimensional Living Cell Bioprinting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109394. [PMID: 35065000 PMCID: PMC9012690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
4D bioprinting is promising to build cell-laden constructs (bioconstructs) with complex geometries and functions for tissue/organ regeneration applications. The development of hydrogel-based 4D bioinks, especially those allowing living cell printing, with easy preparation, defined composition, and controlled physical properties is critically important for 4D bioprinting. Here, a single-component jammed micro-flake hydrogel (MFH) system with heterogeneous size distribution, which differs from the conventional granular microgel, has been developed as a new cell-laden bioink for 4D bioprinting. This jammed cytocompatible MFH features scalable production and straightforward composition with shear-thinning, shear-yielding, and rapid self-healing properties. As such, it can be smoothly printed into stable 3D bioconstructs, which can be further cross-linked to form a gradient in cross-linking density when a photoinitiator and a UV absorber are incorporated. After being subject to shape morphing, a variety of complex bioconstructs with well-defined configurations and high cell viability are obtained. Based on this system, 4D cartilage-like tissue formation is demonstrated as a proof-of-concept. The establishment of this versatile new 4D bioink system may open up a number of applications in tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aixiang Ding
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Oju Jeon
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - David Cleveland
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kaelyn L Gasvoda
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Derrick Wells
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Departments of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Orthopaedics, and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Volpi M, Paradiso A, Costantini M, Świȩszkowski W. Hydrogel-Based Fiber Biofabrication Techniques for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:379-405. [PMID: 35084836 PMCID: PMC8848287 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The functional capabilities of skeletal muscle are strongly correlated with its well-arranged microstructure, consisting of parallelly aligned myotubes. In case of extensive muscle loss, the endogenous regenerative capacity is hindered by scar tissue formation, which compromises the native muscle structure, ultimately leading to severe functional impairment. To address such an issue, skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) attempts to fabricate in vitro bioartificial muscle tissue constructs to assist and accelerate the regeneration process. Due to its dynamic nature, SMTE strategies must employ suitable biomaterials (combined with muscle progenitors) and proper 3D architectures. In light of this, 3D fiber-based strategies are gaining increasing interest for the generation of hydrogel microfibers as advanced skeletal muscle constructs. Indeed, hydrogels possess exceptional biomimetic properties, while the fiber-shaped morphology allows for the creation of geometrical cues to guarantee proper myoblast alignment. In this review, we summarize commonly used hydrogels in SMTE and their main properties, and we discuss the first efforts to engineer hydrogels to guide myoblast anisotropic orientation. Then, we focus on presenting the main hydrogel fiber-based techniques for SMTE, including molding, electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, extrusion, and microfluidic spinning. Furthermore, we describe the effect of external stimulation (i.e., mechanical and electrical) on such constructs and the application of hydrogel fiber-based methods on recapitulating complex skeletal muscle tissue interfaces. Finally, we discuss the future developments in the application of hydrogel microfibers for SMTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Volpi
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| | - Alessia Paradiso
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Wojciech Świȩszkowski
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bupphathong S, Quiroz C, Huang W, Chung PF, Tao HY, Lin CH. Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering Applications—A Review on Material Modifications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020171. [PMID: 35215284 PMCID: PMC8878046 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To recreate or substitute tissue in vivo is a complicated endeavor that requires biomaterials that can mimic the natural tissue environment. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is created through covalent bonding of naturally derived polymer gelatin and methacrylic groups. Due to its biocompatibility, GelMA receives a lot of attention in the tissue engineering research field. Additionally, GelMA has versatile physical properties that allow a broad range of modifications to enhance the interaction between the material and the cells. In this review, we look at recent modifications of GelMA with naturally derived polymers, nanomaterials, and growth factors, focusing on recent developments for vascular tissue engineering and wound healing applications. Compared to polymers and nanoparticles, the modifications that embed growth factors show better mechanical properties and better cell migration, stimulating vascular development and a structure comparable to the natural-extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasinan Bupphathong
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.B.); (H.-Y.T.)
| | - Carlos Quiroz
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA;
| | - Pei-Feng Chung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hsuan-Ya Tao
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.B.); (H.-Y.T.)
| | - Chih-Hsin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.B.); (H.-Y.T.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ding A, Lee SJ, Ayyagari S, Tang R, Huynh CT, Alsberg E. 4D biofabrication via instantly generated graded hydrogel scaffolds. Bioact Mater 2022; 7:324-332. [PMID: 34466735 PMCID: PMC8379339 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of graded biomaterials to render shape-morphing scaffolds for 4D biofabrication holds great promise in fabrication of complex structures and the recapitulation of critical dynamics for tissue/organ regeneration. Here we describe a facile generation of an adjustable and robust gradient using a single- or multi-material one-step fabrication strategy for 4D biofabrication. By simply photocrosslinking a mixed solution of a photocrosslinkable polymer macromer, photoinitiator (PI), UV absorber and live cells, a cell-laden gradient hydrogel with pre-programmable deformation can be generated. Gradient formation was demonstrated in various polymers including poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), alginate, and gelatin derivatives using various UV absorbers that present overlap in UV spectrum with that of the PI UV absorbance spectrum. Moreover, this simple and effective method was used as a universal platform to integrate with other hydrogel-engineering techniques such as photomask-aided microfabrication, photo-patterning, ion-transfer printing, and 3D bioprinting to fabricate more advanced cell-laden scaffold structures. Lastly, proof-of-concept 4D tissue engineering was demonstrated in a study of 4D bone-like tissue formation. The strategy's simplicity along with its versatility paves a new way in solving the hurdle of achieving temporal shape changes in cell-laden single-component hydrogel scaffolds and may expedite the development of 4D biofabricated constructs for biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aixiang Ding
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sriramya Ayyagari
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Rui Tang
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Cong Truc Huynh
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Departments of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Orthopaedics, and Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wu Z, Xie S, Kang Y, Shan X, Li Q, Cai Z. Biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D-bioprinted alginate-GelMA-bacteria nanocellulose (BNC) scaffold laden with oriented-growth RSC96 cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112393. [PMID: 34579912 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury can cause various degrees of damage to the morphological structure and physiological function of the peripheral nerve. At present, compared with "gold standard" autologous nerve transplantation, tissue engineering has certain potential for regeneration and growth; however, achieving oriented guidance is still a challenge. In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold of RSC96 cells wrapped in sodium alginate/gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) hydrogel. The 5% sodium alginate+5% GelMA+0.3% BNC group had the thinnest lines among all groups after printing, indicating that the inherent shape of the scaffold could be maintained after adding BNC. Physical and chemical property testing (Fourier transform infrared, rheometer, conductivity, and compression modulus) showed that the 5% alginate+5% GelMA+0.3% BNC group had better mechanical and rheological properties. Live/dead cell staining showed that no mass cell death was observed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after printing. In the 5% alginate+5% GelMA group, the cells grew and formed linear connections in the scaffold. This phenomenon was more obvious in the 5% alginate+5% GelMA+0.3% BNC group. In the 5% alginate+5% GelMA+0.3% BNC group, S-100β immunofluorescence staining and cytoskeleton staining showed oriented growth. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array results showed that mRNA levels of related neurofactors ASCL1, POU3F3, NEUROG1, DLL1, NOTCH1 and ERBB2 in the 5%GelMA+0.3%BNC group were higher than those of other groups. Four weeks after implantation in nude mice, RSC96 cells grew and proliferated well, blood vessels grew, and S-100β immunofluorescence was positive. These results indicate that a 3D-bioprinted sodium alginate/GelMA/BNC composite scaffold can improve cell-oriented growth, adhesion and the expression of related factors. This 3D-bioprinted composite scaffold has good biocompatibility and is expected to become a new type of scaffold material in the field of neural tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongxi Wu
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Xie
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Kang
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China; Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wu SD, Hsu SH. 4D bioprintable self-healing hydrogel with shape memory and cryopreserving properties. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34530408 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting is an emerging biofabrication technology that integrates time as a fourth dimension with three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for fabricating customizable tissue-engineered implants. 4D bioprinted implants are expected to possess self-healing and shape memory properties for new application opportunities, for instance, fabrication of devices with good shape integrity for minimally invasive surgery. Herein, we developed a self-healing hydrogel composed of biodegradable polyurethane (PU) nanoparticles and photo-/thermo-responsive gelatin-based biomaterials. The self-healing property of hydrogel may be associated with the formation of reversible ionomeric interaction between the COO-group of PU nanoparticles and NH3+group on the gelatin chains. The self-healing hydrogel demonstrated excellent 3D printability and filament resolution. The UV-crosslinked printed hydrogel showed good stackability (>80 layers), structural stability, elasticity, and tunable modulus (1-60 kPa). The shape-memorizable 4D printed constructs revealed good shape fixity (∼95%) and shape recovery (∼98%) through the elasticity as well as forming and collapsing of water lattice in the hydrogel. The hydrogel and the printing process supported the continuous proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) (∼3.7-fold after 14 days). Moreover, the individually bioprinted NSCs and mesenchymal stem cells in the adjacent, self-healed filaments showed mutual migration and such interaction promoted the cell differentiation behavior. The cryopreserved (-20 °C or -80 °C) 4D bioprinted hydrogel after awakening and shape recovery at 37 °C demonstrated cell proliferation similar to that of the non-cryopreserved control. This 4D bioprintable, self-healable hydrogel with shape memory and cryopreserving properties may be employed for customized biofabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Da Wu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
|