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Agnes M, Pancani E, Malanga M, Fenyvesi E, Manet I. Implementation of Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin-Based Polymers in Biomedical Applications: How Far are we? Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200090. [PMID: 35452159 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin-based polymers can be prepared starting from the naturally occurring monomers following green and low-cost procedures. They can be selectively derivatized pre- or post-polymerization allowing to fine-tune functionalities of ad hoc customized polymers. Preparation nowadays has reached the 100 g scale thanks also to the interest of industries in these extremely versatile compounds. During the last 15 years these macromolecules have been the object of intense investigations in view of possible biomedical applications as the ultimate goal and large amounts of scientific data are now available. Compared to their monomeric models, already used in the formulation of various therapeutic agents, they display superior behavior in terms of their solubility in water and solubilizing power towards drugs incompatible with biological fluids. Moreover, they allow the combination of more than one type of therapeutic agent in the polymeric system. In this review we provide a complete state-of-the-art on the knowledge and potentialities of water-soluble cyclodextrin-based polymers as therapeutic agents as well as carrier systems for different types of therapeutics to implement combination therapy. Finally, we give a perspective on their assets for innovation in disease treatment as well as their limits that still need to be addressed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Agnes
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pancani
- Advanced Accelerator Applications, A Novartis Company, via Ribes 5, Ivrea, 10010, Italy
| | - Milo Malanga
- CycloLab, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd., Budapest, H1097, Hungary
| | - Eva Fenyvesi
- CycloLab, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd., Budapest, H1097, Hungary
| | - Ilse Manet
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
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Tian B, Hua S, Liu J. Cyclodextrin-based delivery systems for chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 232:115805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wankar J, Salzano G, Pancani E, Benkovics G, Malanga M, Manoli F, Gref R, Fenyvesi E, Manet I. Efficient loading of ethionamide in cyclodextrin-based carriers offers enhanced solubility and inhibition of drug crystallization. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:568-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Todorova N, Maneva K, Todorov D. Preparation and Antileukemic Activity of Epirubicin Conjugate with Chitosan. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10817140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Krysteva M, Todorova N, Maneva K, Todorov D, Dimitrov C. Studies on the Synthesis of Antibiotic Conjugates with Chitosan. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.1997.10818926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Todorova N, Maneva K, Ilarionova M, Dudov A, Todorov D. Antileukemic Effect of Epirubicin Conjugated with Chitosan Against Mouse P388 Ascitic Leukemia. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2003.10817074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Todorova N, Ilarionova M, Todorov K, Todorov D. Antileukemic Activity of Epirubicin Conjugated with Biopolymer Dextran Against Lymphoid Leukemia L1210 as Tumor Model. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10817099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Swiech O, Dutkiewicz P, Wójciuk K, Chmurski K, Kruszewski M, Bilewicz R. Cyclodextrin Derivatives Conjugated with Aromatic Moieties as pH-responsive Drug Carriers for Anthracycline. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13444-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4060632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Swiech
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paula Dutkiewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Wójciuk
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego
2, Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Bilewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland
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Anand R, Manoli F, Manet I, Daoud-Mahammed S, Agostoni V, Gref R, Monti S. β-Cyclodextrin polymer nanoparticles as carriers for doxorubicin and artemisinin: a spectroscopic and photophysical study. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2012; 11:1285-92. [PMID: 22576059 DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The association of doxorubicin (DOX) and artemisinin (ART) to a β-CyD-epichlorohydrin crosslinked polymer (pβ-CyD), organized in nanoparticles of ca. 15 nm size, was investigated in neutral aqueous medium by circular dichroism (CD), UV-vis absorption and fluorescence. The stability constants and the absolute CD spectra of the drug complexes were determined by global analysis of multiwavelength data from spectroscopic titrations. The polymer pβ-CyD proved able to disrupt the DOX dimer when the latter is the predominant form of DOX in solution. The spectroscopic and photophysical properties of the complexes evidenced an alcohol-like environment for ART and an improved inherent emission ability for DOX in the nanoparticle frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resmi Anand
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, ISOF-CNR, Bologna, Italy
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Anand R, Ottani S, Manoli F, Manet I, Monti S. A close-up on doxorubicin binding to γ-cyclodextrin: an elucidating spectroscopic, photophysical and conformational study. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
Colon targeted drug delivery has the potential to deliver bioactive agents for the treatment of a variety of colonic diseases and to deliver proteins and peptides to the colon for their systemic absorption. Various strategies, currently available to target the release of drugs to colon, include formation of prodrug, coating of pH-sensitive polymers, use of colon-specific biodegradable polymers, timed released systems, osmotic systems, and pressure controlled drug delivery systems. Among the different approaches to achieve targeted drug release to the colon, the use of polymers especially biodegradable by colonic bacteria holds great promise. Polysaccharidases are bacterial enzymes that are available in sufficient quantity to be exploited in colon targeting of drugs. Based on this approach, various polysaccharides have been investigated for colon-specific drug release. These polysaccharides include pectin, guar gum, amylose, inulin, dextran, chitosan, and chondroitin sulphate. This family of natural polymers has an appeal to drug delivery as it is comprised of polymers with a large number of derivatizable groups, a wide range of molecular weights, varying chemical compositions, and, for the most part, low toxicity and biodegradability yet high stability. The most favorable property of these materials is their approval as pharmaceutical excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Chourasia
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP 470003, India
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Moon C, Kwon YM, Lee WK, Park YJ, Yang VC. In vitro assessment of a novel polyrotaxane-based drug delivery system integrated with a cell-penetrating peptide. J Control Release 2007; 124:43-50. [PMID: 17904680 PMCID: PMC2211426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2007] [Revised: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the development of anti-cancer drugs, it is important to yield selective cytotoxicity primarily against tumor tissues. To achieve this goal, the use of a polymer-drug conjugate appears to be appealing, simply because it can take the advantage of the so-called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect due to vascular leak in tumors. Among various types of polymers, polyrotaxane (PR) is an interesting candidate and warrants further consideration. It is a self-assembled polymer made entirely of biocompatible components, by threading alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) molecules with the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain. The abundance in functional -OH groups on the CD residues renders PR the capability of carrying a large dose of small anti-tumor agents for delivery. Herein, we presented a novel PR-based delivery system using doxorubicin (DOX) as the model anti-cancer drug. Daunorubicin (DNR) was conjugated to the PR polymer via hydrolysable linkages, and upon hydrolysis, doxorubicin was released as the cytotoxic drug. To facilitate an intracellular uptake by the tumor cells of the PR-DOX conjugates, a cell-penetrating low molecular weight protamine (LMWP) peptide was further attached to the two termini of the PR chain. Using an innovative principle established in our laboratory, such as via the inhibition of the cell-penetrating activity by binding with heparin and reversal of this inhibition by subsequent addition of protamine, cellular uptake of the polymer-drug conjugates could be readily regulated. In this paper, we performed in vitro studies to demonstrate the feasibility of this delivery system. The LMWP-PR-DOX conjugates, which yielded a sustained release of DOX over a period of greater than 4 days, were successfully synthesized. Intracellular uptake of these conjugates by A2780 human ovarian cancer cells and regulation of such uptake by heparin and protamine were confirmed by using the MTT assay and also the confocal microscopy method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Moon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
| | - Young Min Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
| | - Won Kyu Lee
- Korea Food and Drug Administration, 194 Tongilro, Eunpyeong-Gu, Seoul 122-704, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Park
- School of Dentistry and Intellectual Biointerface Engineering Center, Seoul National University, 28-2 Yongon-Dong, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-749, South Korea
| | - Victor C. Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
- *Corresponding should be addressed to: Victor C. Yang, Ph.D., Albert B. Prescott Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, Tel: (734) 764-4273; Fax: (734) 763-9772, E-mail address:
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Todorova N, Maneva K, Ilarionova M, Todorov D. Preparation and Antileukemic Effect of Doxorubicin—Chitosan Conjugate AX 1Against Mouse Leukemia P 388. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2005.10817167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Todorova N, Maneva K, Todorov D. Preparation and Antileukemic Activity of the Conjugate of Doxorubicin with Chitosan AX 2. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2005.10817243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
The chapter informs about different types of antibiotics, their structure, biosynthesis and their regulation. Industrial cultivation and isolation of antibiotics is described in the chapter. Search for microorganisms producing antibiotics and preparation of high-producing strains is described. Resistance against antibiotics in producing microorganisms and pathogens is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bĕhal
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídenská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Ooya T, Eguchi M, Ozaki A, Yui N. Carboxyethylester-polyrotaxanes as a new calcium chelating polymer: synthesis, calcium binding and mechanism of trypsin inhibition. Int J Pharm 2002; 242:47-54. [PMID: 12176224 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A carboxyethylester-polyrotaxane was synthesized as a novel calcium chelating polymer in the field of oral drug delivery and characterized in terms of mechanism of trypsin inhibition. Here, carboxyethylester (CEE) groups are introduced to all the primary hydroxyl groups in alpha-cyclodextrins (alpha-CDs), which are threaded onto a poly(ethylene glycol) chain capped with bulky end-groups (polyrotaxane). The solubility of the CEE-polyrotaxane in physiological conditions increased with pH, indicating ionization-related solubility similar to conventional polyacrylates. The ability of calcium (Ca2+) chelation was found to increase in the order of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)>CEE-polyrotaxanez.Gt;CEE-alpha-CD, suggesting that the increased density of carboxyl groups enhances the Ca2+ chelating ability. The activity of trypsin was inhibited by these compounds in the same order of the calcium chelation. However, the inhibitory effect of CEE-polyrotaxane was reduced by adding excess Ca2+ without precipitation that was observed in the presence of PAA. Such the reduced inhibition and precipitation by CEE-alpha-CD was not observed. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of CEE-polyrotaxane is due to Ca2+ chelation from trypsin without non-specific interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooru Ooya
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Ashahidai, Tatsunokuchi, Ishikawa, Japan
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Ooya T, Yui N. Synthesis of theophylline-polyrotaxane conjugates and their drug release via supramolecular dissociation. J Control Release 1999; 58:251-69. [PMID: 10099151 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(98)00163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Theophylline-polyrotaxane conjugates were synthesized by coupling theophylline with alpha-cyclodextrins (alpha-CDs) in the polyrotaxane. The polyrotaxane is a molecular assembly in which many alpha-CDs are threaded onto a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain capped with L-phenylalanine (L-Phe). Theophylline-7-acetic acid was activated by coupling with 4-nitrophenol, and then ethylenediamine was allowed to react with the active ester in order to obtain N-aminoethyl-theophylline-7-acetoamide. This derivative was coupled with a 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate-activated polyrotaxane to obtain the theophylline-polyrotaxane conjugates. The conjugates formed a specific association under physiological conditions, depending upon interactions between the theophylline molecules and/or the terminal l-Phe moiety in the conjugates. In vitro degradation of the conjugates revealed that theophylline-immobilized alpha-CDs were completely released by hydrolysis of the terminal peptide linkage in the polyrotaxane. This result indicates that the association of the conjugates does not induce the steric hindrance but rather enhances the accessibility of enzymes to the terminal peptide linkages. It is suggested that our designed drug-polyrotaxane conjugates can release the drugs via the dissociation of the supramolecular structure without steric hindrance of enzymatic accessibility to the terminal peptide linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ooya
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Tatsunokuchi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneto Uekama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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Hirayama F, Minami K, Uekama K. In-vitro evaluation of biphenylyl acetic acid-beta-cyclodextrin conjugates as colon-targeting prodrugs: drug release behaviour in rat biological media. J Pharm Pharmacol 1996; 48:27-31. [PMID: 8722490 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Biphenylyl acetic acid was selectively conjugated to one of the primary hydroxyl groups of beta-cyclodextrin through an ester- or amide-linkage, and the physicochemical properties (aqueous solubility and hydrolysis) were investigated. Aqueous solubility of the conjugates was lower than those of either drug or parent beta-cyclodextrin. The amide conjugate was stable in aqueous solution and in rat biological fluids and gastrointestinal contents. The ester conjugate was hydrolysed to beta-cyclodextrin and biphenylyl acetic acid at moderate rates resulting in a V-shaped rate-pH profile in aqueous solution. The ester conjugate released the drug preferentially when incubated with the contents of caecum or colon, whereas no appreciable drug release was observed on incubation with contents of stomach or intestine, nor on incubation with intestinal or liver homogenates, nor on incubation with rat blood. The present results suggest that the ester-type drug conjugate of beta-cyclodextrin may serve as a colon-targeting prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hirayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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