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Choi NR, Choi WG, Zhu A, Park J, Kim YT, Hong J, Kim BJ. Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz against Human Gastric Cancer. Nutrients 2024; 16:965. [PMID: 38612999 PMCID: PMC11013299 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (AMK) is a traditional herbal medicine used for thousands of years in East Asia to improve a variety of illnesses and conditions, including cancers. This study explored the effect of AMK extract on apoptosis and tumor-grafted mice using AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. We investigated the compounds, target genes, and associated diseases of AMK using the Traditional Chinese Medical Systems Pharmacy (TCMSP) database platform. Cell viability assay, cell cycle and mitochondrial depolarization analysis, caspase activity assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and wound healing and spheroid formation assay were used to investigate the anti-cancer effects of AMK extract on AGS cells. Also, in vivo studies were conducted using subcutaneous xenografts. AMK extract reduced the viability of AGS cells and increased the sub-G1 cell fraction and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Also, AMK extract increased the production of ROS. AMK extract induced the increased caspase activities and modulated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). In addition, AMK extract effectively inhibited AGS cell migration and led to a notable reduction in the growth of AGS spheroids. Moreover, AMK extract hindered the growth of AGS xenograft tumors in NSG mice. Our results suggest that AMK has anti-cancer effects by promoting cell cycle arrest and inhibiting the proliferation of AGS cancer cells and a xenograft model through apoptosis. This study could provide a novel approach to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ri Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (N.-R.C.); (W.-G.C.)
| | - Woo-Gyun Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (N.-R.C.); (W.-G.C.)
| | - Anlin Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joon Park
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.-T.K.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Tai Kim
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.-T.K.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Hong
- Department of Physiology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung-Joo Kim
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (N.-R.C.); (W.-G.C.)
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Travis G, McGowan EM, Simpson AM, Marsh DJ, Nassif NT. PTEN, PTENP1, microRNAs, and ceRNA Networks: Precision Targeting in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4954. [PMID: 37894321 PMCID: PMC10605164 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a well characterised tumour suppressor, playing a critical role in the maintenance of fundamental cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, and survival. Subtle decreases in cellular levels of PTEN result in the development and progression of cancer, hence there is tight regulation of the expression, activity, and cellular half-life of PTEN at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. PTENP1, the processed pseudogene of PTEN, is an important transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulator of PTEN. PTENP1 expression produces sense and antisense transcripts modulating PTEN expression, in conjunction with miRNAs. Due to the high sequence similarity between PTEN and the PTENP1 sense transcript, the transcripts possess common miRNA binding sites with the potential for PTENP1 to compete for the binding, or 'sponging', of miRNAs that would otherwise target the PTEN transcript. PTENP1 therefore acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), competing with PTEN for the binding of specific miRNAs to alter the abundance of PTEN. Transcription from the antisense strand produces two functionally independent isoforms (PTENP1-AS-α and PTENP1-AS-β), which can regulate PTEN transcription. In this review, we provide an overview of the post-transcriptional regulation of PTEN through interaction with its pseudogene, the cellular miRNA milieu and operation of the ceRNA network. Furthermore, its importance in maintaining cellular integrity and how disruption of this PTEN-miRNA-PTENP1 axis may lead to cancer but also provide novel therapeutic opportunities, is discussed. Precision targeting of PTENP1-miRNA mediated regulation of PTEN may present as a viable alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glena Travis
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ann M. Simpson
- Gene Therapy and Translational Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Deborah J. Marsh
- Translational Oncology Group, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- Cancer Biology, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (G.T.); (E.M.M.)
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Mirza Z, Karim S. Structure-Based Profiling of Potential Phytomolecules with AKT1 a Key Cancer Drug Target. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062597. [PMID: 36985568 PMCID: PMC10051420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying cancer biomarkers is imperative, as upregulated genes offer a better microenvironment for the tumor; hence, targeted inhibition is preferred. The theme of our study is to predict molecular interactions between cancer biomarker proteins and selected natural compounds. We identified an overexpressed potential molecular target (AKT1) and computationally evaluated its inhibition by four dietary ligands (isoliquiritigenin, shogaol, tehranolide, and theophylline). The three-dimensional structures of protein and phytochemicals were retrieved from the RCSB PDB database (4EKL) and NCBI’s PubChem, respectively. Rational structure-based docking studies were performed using AutoDock. Results were analyzed based primarily on the estimated free binding energy (kcal/mol), hydrogen bonds, and inhibition constant, Ki, to identify the most effective anti-cancer phytomolecule. Toxicity and drug-likeliness prediction were performed using OSIRIS and SwissADME. Amongst the four phytocompounds, tehranolide has better potential to suppress the expression of AKT1 and could be used for anti-cancer drug development, as inhibition of AKT1 is directly associated with the inhibition of growth, progression, and metastasis of the tumor. Docking analyses reveal that tehranolide has the most efficiency in inhibiting AKT1 and has the potential to be used for the therapeutic management of cancer. Natural compounds targeting cancer biomarkers offer less rejection, minimal toxicity, and fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Mirza
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sajjad Karim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Shen Y, Cai J. The Importance of Using Exosome-Loaded miRNA for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:447-459. [PMID: 36279099 PMCID: PMC9849169 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major traumatic disease of the central nervous system characterized by high rates of disability and mortality. Many studies have shown that SCI can be divided into the two stages of primary and secondary injury. Primary injury leads to pathophysiological changes, while consequential injury is even more fatal, including a series of harmful reactions that expand the scope and degree of SCI. Because the pathological process of SCI is highly complex, there is still no clear and effective clinical treatment strategy. Exosomes, membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a diameter of 30-200 nm, have emerged as an ideal vector to deliver therapeutic molecules. At the same time, increasing numbers of studies have shown that miRNAs play a momentous role in the process of SCI. In recent studies, researchers have adopted exosomes as carriers of miRNAs with potential therapeutic effects in SCI. In this review, we summarize relevant articles describing exosomes as miRNA carriers for SCI, after which we discuss further implications and perspectives of this novel treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi China
| | - Junying Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi China
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Yu B, Huang Y, Yang Y, Hu H, Yang J. Effect of CTP-mediated PTEN on 5637 bladder cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. BMC Urol 2022; 22:200. [PMID: 36496361 PMCID: PMC9741776 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of cytoplasmic transduction peptide (CTP)-phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS A eukaryotic expression vector, pTT5-CTP-PTEN, was constructed. The constructed vector was transfected into HEK 293-6E cells to express a fusion protein, CTP-PTEN. The fusion protein was purified. 5637 bladder cancer cells were cocultured with purified CTP-PTEN fusion protein. Target gene expression, protein expression, cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell invasion and cell migration were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and cell scratch assay, respectively. RESULTS Both PTEN and CTP-PTEN fusion protein inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells and promoted the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. The effect of CTP-PTEN was more significant. CONCLUSIONS The fused expression of CTP and PTEN significantly increased the penetrability of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN into cancer cells. The CTP-PTEN fusion protein exhibited a significant carcinostatic effect on 5637 bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yu
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975Urological Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yuan Huang
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yue Yang
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975Urological Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975Urological Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Jin Yang
- grid.411292.d0000 0004 1798 8975Urological Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
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Cao D, Su T, Wu Y, Jia Z, Fu Y, Sun Y, Jin M, Wang Y, Yi J, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Lv H, Qu L, Jiang J, Cao X. PTEN Expression Was Significantly Associated with PD-L1 Score but Not with EBV Infection in Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1011-1020. [PMID: 36176732 PMCID: PMC9514276 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s374175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent aggressive tumor with high morbidity and mortality globally. The identification of GC subtypes based on molecular features improved the prediction of prognosis and the selection of targeted therapies. PTEN is a characteristic tumor suppressor, while its association with different GC subtypes was unknown. Patients and Methods The cohort consisted of 248 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer who were hospitalized and received radical gastrectomy. In addition, PTEN gene expression matrix of STAD was retrieved from TCGA. The mRNA and protein levels of PTEN and PD-L1 were detected using qRT-PCR and IHC staining. Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to examine the relationship between PTEN expression and clinical characteristics. Results In our study, PTEN was downregulated in gastric tumors both in mRNA and protein levels. Its inactivation was closely linked to higher histological grade (P = 0.005), neural invasion (P = 0.012), depth of invasion (P = 0.021), lymph metastasis (P = 0.026), and TNM stage (P = 0.001) of GC in the present study. Moreover, according to the molecular subtypes, high PTEN expression was related to high TPS score of PD-L1 positively (P = 0.010) but was not associated with MSI and EBV infection. Further, TCGA data validated that PTEN was indeed correlated with histological grade and invasion depth and positively related to PD-L1 expression (R = 0.29, adjusted P < 0.001). Conclusion The above results suggested that PTEN expression was a useful marker in gastric carcinogenesis and progression and in the selection of immunotherapy-based treatments for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Cao
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongrong Su
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Jia
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingli Fu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Sun
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Meishan Jin
- Division of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Yi
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Cui
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzheng Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyong Lv
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Qu
- Division of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Kang D, Kim IH. Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Rationale of Immunotherapy in Peritoneal Metastasis of Advanced Gastric Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061376. [PMID: 35740397 PMCID: PMC9220323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is one of the most frequent metastasis patterns of gastric cancer (GC), and the prognosis of patients with PM is very dismal. According to Paget’s theory, disseminated free cancer cells are seeded and survive in the abdominal cavity, adhere to the peritoneum, invade the subperitoneal tissue, and proliferate through angiogenesis. In these sequential processes, several key molecules are involved. From a therapeutic point of view, immunotherapy with chemotherapy combination has become the standard of care for advanced GC. Several clinical trials of newer immunotherapy agents are ongoing. Understanding of the molecular process of PM and the potential rationale of immunotherapy for PM treatment is necessary. Beyond understanding of the molecular aspect of PM, many studies have been conducted on the modality of treatment of PM. Notably, intraperitoneal approaches, including chemotherapy or immunotherapy, have been conducted, because systemic treatment of PM has limitations. In this study, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms and immunologic aspects of PM, and intraperitoneal approaches under investigation for treating PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Integrative Analysis of Deregulated miRNAs Reveals Candidate Molecular Mechanisms Linking H. pylori Infected Peptic Ulcer Disease with Periodontitis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1498525. [PMID: 35132337 PMCID: PMC8817886 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1498525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Periodontitis is a highly prevalent oral infectious disease and has been increasingly associated with H. pylori infection, gastric inflammation, and gastric cancer but little is known about epigenetic machinery underlying this potentially bidirectional association. The present study is aimed at identifying key deregulated miRNA, their associated genes, signaling pathways, and compounds linking periodontitis with H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease. Methods miRNA expression datasets for periodontitis-affected and H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease-affected tissues were sought from the GEO database. Differentially expressed miRNA (DEmiRNAs) were identified and the overlapping, shared-DEmiRNA between both datasets were determined. Shared-DEmiRNA-target networks construction and functional analyses were constructed using miRNet 2.0, including shared-DEmiRNA-gene, shared-DEmiRNA-transcription factor (TF), and shared-DEmiRNA-compound networks. Functional enrichment analysis for shared DEmiRNA-gene and shared DEmiRNA-TF networks was performed using the KEGG, Reactome, and Geno Ontology (GO) pathways. Results 11 shared-DEmiRNAs were identified, among which 9 showed similar expression patterns in both diseases, and 7 were overexpressed. miRNA hsa-hsa-mir-155-5p and hsa-mir-29a-3p were top miRNA nodes in both gene and TF networks. The topmost candidate miRNA-deregulated genes were PTEN, CCND1, MDM2, TNRC6A, and SCD while topmost deregulated TFs included STAT3, HIF1A, EZH2, CEBPA, and RUNX1. Curcumin, 5-fluorouracil, and the gallotanin 1,2,6-Tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose emerged as the most relevant linkage compound targets. Functional analyses revealed multiple cancer-associated pathways, PI3K pathways, kinase binding, and transcription factor binding among as enriched by the network-associated genes and TFs. Conclusion Integrative analysis of deregulated miRNAs revealed candidate molecular mechanisms comprising of top miRNA, their gene, and TF targets linking H. pylori-infected peptic ulcer disease with periodontitis and highlighted compounds targeting both diseases. These findings provide basis for directing future experimental research.
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Evodiamine Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation via PTEN-Mediated EGF/PI3K Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5570831. [PMID: 34824590 PMCID: PMC8610660 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims In this study, the pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms of evodiamine in treating gastric cancer (GC) were investigated. Methods GC cells lines of AGS and BGC-823 were treated with evodiamine at various concentrations for different times (24, 48, and 72 h). Inhibition of the proliferation of AGS and BGC-823 cells was assessed using a CCK-8 assay. The morphology of gastric cancer cells was detected by high-content screening (HCS). The apoptosis-inducing effect of evodiamine on AGS and BGC-823 cells was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathways were investigated via RT-qPCR or western blotting, respectively. Results Evodiamine substantially inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cells proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that evodiamine could induce apoptosis of AGS and BGC-823 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, evodiamine inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, the results demonstrated that evodiamine promoted the relative mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decreased expression of EGF, EGFR, PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, and mTOR. Most importantly, evodiamine could effectively increase the mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decrease the protein expression of EGF/PI3K pathway, indicating that evodiamine downregulated EGF/PI3K through the activation of PTEN pathway. Conclusion Evodiamine inhibited the directional migration and invasion of GC cells by inhibiting PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathway. These findings revealed that evodiamine might serve as a potential candidate for the treatment or prevention of GC.
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Baghery Saghchy Khorasani A, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Pirsalehi A, Safaroghli-Azar A, Zali MR, Bashash D. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in gastric cancer; from oncogenic variations to the possibilities for pharmacologic interventions. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 898:173983. [PMID: 33647255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic alterations have been under concentrated investigations for many years in order to unearth the molecules regulating human cancer pathogenesis. However, the identification of a wide range of dysregulated genes and their protein products has raised a question regarding how the results of this large collection of alterations could converge into a formation of one malignancy. The answer may be found in the signaling cascades that regulate the survival and metabolism of the cells. Aberrancies of each participant molecule of such cascades may well result in augmented viability and unlimited proliferation of cancer cells. Among various signaling pathways, the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) axis has been shown to be activated in about one-third of human cancers. One of the malignancies that is mostly affected by this axis is gastric cancer (GC), one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. In the present review, we aimed to illustrate the significance of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis in the pathogenesis of GC and also provided a wide perspective about the application of the inhibitors of this axis in the therapeutic strategies of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Pirsalehi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhao W, Ning L, Wang L, Ouyang T, Qi L, Yang R, Wu Y. miR-21 inhibition reverses doxorubicin-resistance and inhibits PC3 human prostate cancer cells proliferation. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14016. [PMID: 33598946 DOI: 10.1111/and.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many approaches have been examined to reversing multidrug resistance (MDR), but sub-optimal target-based strategies have limited their efficacy. Herein, we investigate microRNA (miR-21) suppression on the doxorubicin (DOX)-sensitisation of the DOX-resistant (PC3/DOX) cell line in prostate cancer (PCa). Expression levels of miR-21, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), MDR-1 and PTEN evaluated in PC3/DOX cancer cells by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. The cytotoxic effects of transfected of miR-21 were assessed by MTT assay for 72 hr. Rhodamine123 (Rh123) assay was employed to define the activity of P-gp. Apoptosis was detected by Flow cytometry. As expected, miR-21 was expressed highly in PC3/DOX cells (p < 0.05). It was shown that miRNA-21 suppression considerably hindered PC3/DOX cell viability. miR-21 suppression dramatically downregulated P-gp expression and activity in DOX-resistance cells and abolished MDR by an increment of intracellular accumulation of DOX in PC3/DOX cells (p < 0.05). PTEN is a key modulator of the PI3K/Akt/P-gp cascade, which miR-21 suppression led to the upregulation of PTEN and sequentially lower-expression of P-gp that reversed MDR. Also, miR-21 repression enhanced the apoptosis rate of PC3/DOX cells. The findings of this paper contribute to the current understanding of the functions of miR-21 in MDR-reversing in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Ning
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Health Physical Examination Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Ouyang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Pingyin County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Intensive Care Unit, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruihong Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Abstract
Methylxanthine derivatives, such as caffeine and theophylline, enhance cell apoptosis and autophagy and reportedly induce the activity of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). This study investigated the impacts of caffeine and theophylline on gastric cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy using a gastric cancer cell line (MGC-803) and a nude mouse model. Peritumoural and tumour tissues were collected from five patients diagnosed with gastric carcinoma who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at our hospital. Autophagy was suppressed in gastric cancer tumour tissue compared with peritumoural tissue. In vitro, both caffeine and theophylline effectively suppressed MGC-803 cell proliferation and migration and induced autophagy. To assess the involvement of PTEN in caffeine-mediated and theophylline-mediated gastric cancer cell death, we transiently transfected MGC-803 cells with an siRNA targeting PTEN. PTEN knockdown impaired the methylxanthine derivative-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling. In nude mice treated with caffeine or theophylline, MGC-803 cell tumours injected with siPTEN were larger than those injected with negative control siRNA. These results show that the methylxanthine derivatives (caffeine and theophylline) effectively induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy by PTEN activation and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway suppression and strongly support the use of methylxanthine derivatives as potential anticancer therapeutics.
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Lapthanasupkul P, Klongnoi B, Mutirangura A, Kitkumthorn N. Investigation of PTEN promoter methylation in ameloblastoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e481-e487. [PMID: 32134893 PMCID: PMC7338066 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) acts as a tumor suppressor gene. Inactivation of PTEN has been reported in various types of cancers. PTEN promoter methylation possibly underlies PTEN inactivation, which results in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PTEN promoter methylation contributes to PTEN inactivation in ameloblastoma and its associated protein expression.
Material and Methods In total, 20 fresh-frozen ameloblastoma samples were evaluated for PTEN promoter methylation using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR). A subset of 10 paraffin-embedded ameloblastoma samples was examined for PTEN expression through immunohistochemistry. Four primary cultured ameloblastoma cells were investigated for PTEN promoter methylation and PTEN transcriptional expression via reverse transcription PCR.
Results PTEN promoter methylation was detected in 65% (13/20) of the ameloblastoma samples. Of 10 ameloblastoma samples, 4 exhibited reduced PTEN expression. Of 5 samples with methylated PTEN, 3 (60%) were associated with loss of PTEN expression. However, PTEN expression was detected in 4 (80%) of 5 samples with unmethylated PTEN. In addition, 3 (75%) of 4 primary ameloblastoma cell cultures exhibited an inverse correlation between PTEN promoter methylation and PTEN transcription level.
Conclusions PTEN promoter methylation is found in a number of ameloblastomas but not significantly correlated with loss of PTEN expression. Genetic or epigenetic mechanisms other than PTEN promoter methylation may contribute to PTEN inactivation in ameloblastoma tumor cells. Key words:PTEN, promoter methylation, ameloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lapthanasupkul
- Department of Oral Biology Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kim B, Kang SY, Kim D, Heo YJ, Kim KM. PTEN Protein Loss and Loss-of-Function Mutations in Gastric Cancers: The Relationship with Microsatellite Instability, EBV, HER2, and PD-L1 Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071724. [PMID: 32610572 PMCID: PMC7407887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is caused by multiple mechanisms, and loss of PTEN activity is related to the progression of various cancers. In gastric cancer (GC), the relationship between the loss of PTEN protein expression and various genetic alterations remains unclear. The effects of microsatellite instability (MSI), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), HER2 overexpression, and PD-L1 expression on PTEN mutation have not been fully explored. We performed comprehensive cancer panel tests with a cohort of 322 tumor samples from patients with advanced GC. Immunohistochemistry for PTEN protein was performed in all cases, and the loss of protein expression was defined as a complete absence of nuclear staining. In total, 34 cases (10.6%) had pathogenic PTEN mutations, of which 19 (55.9%) showed PTEN protein loss. The most common PTEN variants associated with protein loss were p.R130 (n = 4) followed by p.R335, p.L265fs, and deletions (n = 2). All the ten nonsense mutations identified in the samples resulted in PTEN inactivation. In the remaining 288 GC cases with wild-type PTEN, protein loss was found in 35 cases (12.2%). Thus, PTEN mutations were significantly associated with PTEN protein loss (p = 5.232 × 10−10), high MSI (p = 3.936 × 10−8), and EBV-positivity (p = 0.0071). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that loss-of-function mutations in PTEN are a frequent genetic mechanism of PTEN inactivation in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binnari Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (B.K.); (S.Y.K.)
- Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (B.K.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Deokgeun Kim
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - You Jeong Heo
- The Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea; (B.K.); (S.Y.K.)
- Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3410-2807; Fax: +82-2-3410-6396
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Expression of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase p110α and p110β Subunits and PIK3CA Mutation in Patients With Advanced Gastric Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 26:740-748. [PMID: 28549032 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is pivotal for the activity of the oncogenic PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study assessed the expression of 2 PI3K isoform proteins, p110α and p110β, and PIK3CA mutational status in advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) and their correlation with clinicopathologic factors. Tissue microarray blocks were generated from 99 AGCs and immunohistochemically stained for p110α and p110β. Analysis of mutations in the PIK3CA gene, which encodes p110α, was performed using the PNAClamp PIK3CA Mutation Detection kit. Of the 99 tumors, positivity was seen in 62 (62.6%) for p110α and 97 (98.0%) for p110β with variable intensity and extent of staining. The median H-scores were 40 (range: 0 to 300) for p110α and 180 (range: 0 to 300) for p110β. Isoform p110α was more highly expressed in tumors with a lower pathologic T stage (P=0.035) and TNM stage (P=0.165), while p110β was not significantly associated with clinicopathologic factors. Samples with high p110α expression had a trend toward longer overall survival (OS) although it was not statistically significant (P=0.271), whereas high p110β expression correlated with shorter OS (P=0.016). In addition, p110β was an independent factor for poor prognosis in multivariate analysis for OS. Eight (8.1%) samples had PIK3CA mutations in exon 9. Mutational status at this locus was not significantly correlated with clinicopathologic factors. These results imply that p110β could have a more important role in the progression and aggressiveness of AGC than p110α and has potential as a prognostic biomarker in patients with AGC.
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Benli Yavuz B, Koç M, Kozacıoğlu S, Kanyılmaz G, Aktan M. Prognostic importance of PTEN, EGFR, HER-2, and IGF-1R in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemoradiation. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:1025-1032. [PMID: 31318186 PMCID: PMC7018360 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1802-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim This study aimed to describe the prognostic importance of epidermal growth factor (EGFR), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), human EGF receptor-2 (HER-2), and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemoradiation therapy. Materials and methods Sixty-nine patients treated with adjuvant chemoradiation therapy were retrospectively evaluated. Tumor samples were stained immunohistochemically. Results All patients were treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy with concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Perineural invasion (PNI) (P = 0.042), prechemoradiation therapy albumin levels below 3.5 mg/dL (P = 0.011), and EGFR positivity (P = 0.008) had negative effects on overall survival (OS). The median OS was 26 months for patients with PNI (+), 34.9 months for those with PNI (–), 19.5 months for those with albumin levels below 3.5 mg/dL, and 33.2 months for those with albumin levels above 3.5 mg/dL. IGF-1R (+) (P = 0.035) and history of cigarette smoking (P = 0.033) were observed to have a statistically significantly negative effect on disease-free survival (DFS). The median DFS was 29.2 months for IGF-1R (+) patients, 37.9 months for those with IGF-1R (-), and 26.3 and 40.59 months for smokers and nonsmokers, respectively. Conclusion IGF-1R and EGFR may be used for patient selection in future prospective studies that evaluate the prognostic importance of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berrin Benli Yavuz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Koç
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Kozacıoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gül Kanyılmaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Meryem Aktan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Zhang X, Li X, Fang H, Guo F, Li F, Chen A, Huang S. Flavonoids as inducers of white adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis: signalling pathways and molecular triggers. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:47. [PMID: 31346342 PMCID: PMC6637576 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are a class of plant and fungus secondary metabolites and are the most common group of polyphenolic compounds in the human diet. In recent studies, flavonoids have been shown to induce browning of white adipocytes, increase energy consumption, inhibit high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and improve metabolic status. Promoting the activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inducing white adipose tissue (WAT) browning are promising means to increase energy expenditure and improve glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes recent advances in the knowledge of flavonoid compounds and their metabolites. Methods We searched the following databases for all research related to flavonoids and WAT browning published through March 2019: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science. All included studies are summarized and listed in Table 1. Result We summarized the effects of flavonoids on fat metabolism and the specific underlying mechanisms in sub-categories. Flavonoids activated the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), promoted the release of adrenaline and thyroid hormones to increase thermogenesis and induced WAT browning through the AMPK-PGC-1α/Sirt1 and PPAR signalling pathways. Flavonoids may also promote brown preadipocyte differentiation, inhibit apoptosis and produce inflammatory factors in BAT. Conclusion Flavonoids induced WAT browning and activated BAT to increase energy consumption and non-shivering thermogenesis, thus inhibiting weight gain and preventing metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First People's Hospital of Yichang, No.4 Hudi Street, Yichang, 443000 Hubei Province China
| | - Xin Li
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1277 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 Hubei Province China
| | - Huang Fang
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province China
| | - Fengjin Guo
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province China
| | - Feng Li
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province China
| | - Anmin Chen
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province China
| | - Shilong Huang
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province China
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Yuan C, Zhang Y, Tu W, Guo Y. Integrated miRNA profiling and bioinformatics analyses reveal upregulated miRNAs in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1979-1988. [PMID: 31423268 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in China and exhibits a poor prognosis. The most significant challenge for gastric cancer treatment is the absence of early diagnostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which possess clinical value in a number of different types of cancer. The current study identified 13 miRNAs (hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-545, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-196a, hsa-miR-20a, hsa-miR-196b, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-19a, hsa-miR-503, hsa-miR-106b and hsa-miR-18a) that were significantly overexpressed in GC, by analyzing 1,000 GC samples included in four public datasets, including GSE23739, GSE78091, GSE30070 and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Furthermore, it was revealed that the expression levels of these 13 miRNAs were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues of grades I, II and III compared with normal controls. Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in regulating transcription, protein amino acid phosphorylation, signal transduction, protein binding, zinc ion binding, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and focal adhesion. In summary, the present study may provide potential new therapeutic and prognostic targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Department of Emergency, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Tu
- Department of Cardiology, Jingan District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Guo
- Department of Emergency, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Naseem A, Bhat ZI, Kalaiarasan P, Kumar B, Bin Hafeez Z, Tiwari RR, Wahabi K, Gandhi G, Alam Rizvi MM. Assessment of epigenetic alterations and in silico analysis of mutation affecting PTEN expression among Indian cervical cancer patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15851-15866. [PMID: 31074114 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic anomalies accountable for genetic dysregulation are the most common aberrations that determine the underlying heterogeneity of the tumor cells. Currently, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) incongruity has emerged as potent and persuasive malfunctioning in varied human malignancies. In this study, we have analysed the promoter hypermethylation and expression status of PTEN. We identified different mutations in the exonic region of PTEN. Functional consequences of these mutations were explored using in silico techniques. Promoter hypermethylation of PTEN was detected using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR), expression analysis was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mutation by direct sequencing in a total of 168 uterine cervix tumor cases. The findings were statistically correlated with the clinical parameters. In addition, the effect of nonsynonymous mutations was studied with molecular dynamics simulations. PTEN promoter hypermethylation (45.8%) was found to be significantly associated with the of PTEN loss (57.14%, P < 0.0001). Tumor stages, tumor size, lymph node (LN) were found to be significantly correlated with both PTEN promoter hypermethylation and PTEN loss. Histological grade, however, showed a significant association with only PTEN loss. In total, 11.76% of tumors exhibited mutations in exon 5 and 7, out of which E150K of exon 5 showed the highest deviations in the crystal structure of PTEN by in silico analysis. This study provides valuable insights into oncology and paves the path in the development of efficient biomarker and/or imperative therapeutic tool for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Naseem
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zafar Iqbal Bhat
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Zubair Bin Hafeez
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Raj Ranjan Tiwari
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushnuma Wahabi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Gauri Gandhi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, LNJP/MAMC Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Pereira AL, Magalhães L, Moreira FC, Reis-das-Mercês L, Vidal AF, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AM, Demachki S, Anaissi AKM, Burbano RMR, Albuquerque P, Dos Santos SEB, de Assumpção PP, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos ÂKC. Epigenetic Field Cancerization in Gastric Cancer: microRNAs as Promising Biomarkers. J Cancer 2019; 10:1560-1569. [PMID: 31031866 PMCID: PMC6485221 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The biological role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in field cancerization is unknown. To investigate the involvement of miRNAs in gastric field cancerization, we evaluated the expression profile of ten miRNAs and their diagnostic value. Methods: We used three groups of FFPE gastric samples: non-cancer (NC), cancer adjacent (ADJ) and gastric cancer (GC). The expression profiles of hsa-miR-10a, -miR-21, -miR-29c, -miR-135b, -miR-148a, -miR-150, -miR-204, -miR-215, -miR-483 and -miR-664a were investigated using qRT-PCR. The results obtained by qRT-PCR were validated in Small RNA-Seq data from the TCGA database. The search for target genes of the studied miRNAs was performed in the miRTarBase public database and miRTargetLink tool, using experimentally validated interactions. In addition, we also performed the functional analysis of these genes using enrichment in KEGG pathways. The potential as biomarker was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the derived area under the curve (AUC>0.85) analysis. Results: The miRNAs hsa-miR-10a, -miR-21, -miR-135b, hsa-miR-148a, -miR-150, -miR-215, -miR-204, -miR-483 and -miR-664a were up-regulated in ADJ and GC compared to NC (P<0.03); and hsa-miR-21 and -miR-135b were up-regulated in GC compared to ADJ (P<0.01). Hsa-miR-148a, -miR-150, -miR-215, -miR-483 and -miR-664a were not differentially expressed between GC and ADJ, suggesting that both share similar changes (P>0.1). The TS-miR hsa-miR-29c was up-regulated in ADJ compared to NC and GC (P<0.01); we did not observe a significant difference in the expression of this miRNA between NC and GC. This feature may be an antitumor mechanism used by cancer-adjacent tissue because this miRNA regulates the BCL-2, CDC42 and DMNT3A oncogenes. The expression level of hsa-miR-204 was associated with Helicobacter pylori infection status (P<0.05). Functional analysis using the genes regulated by the studied miRNAs showed that they are involved in biological pathways and cellular processes that are critical for the establishment of H. pylori infection and for the onset, development and progression of GC. hsa-miR-10a, -miR-21, -miR-135b, -miR-148a, -miR-150, -miR-215, -miR-483 and -miR-664a were able to discriminate NC from other tissues with great accuracy (AUC>0.85). Conclusion: The studied miRNAs are closely related to field cancerization, regulate genes important for gastric carcinogenesis and can be potentially useful as biomarkers in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenilson Leão Pereira
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Leandro Magalhães
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Cordeiro Moreira
- Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Laís Reis-das-Mercês
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Vidal
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - André Maurício Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Samia Demachki
- Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ana Karyssa Mendes Anaissi
- Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano
- Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Paulo Albuquerque
- São Camilo and São Luís Hospital, Dr. Marcello Cândia Street, 68901-901, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Sidney Emanuel Batista Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Kely Campos Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Avenue, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Research Center on Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Mundurucus Street, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Rong D, Lu C, Zhang B, Fu K, Zhao S, Tang W, Cao H. CircPSMC3 suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA through sponging miR-296-5p. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:25. [PMID: 30777076 PMCID: PMC6378730 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with a loop structure, but its functions remain largely unknown. Growing evidence has revealed that circRNAs play a striking role as functional RNAs in the progression of malignant disease. However, the precise role of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. METHODS CircRNAs were determined by human circRNA array analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase reaction. Luciferase reporter, RNA pull down, and fluorescence in situ hybridization assays were employed to test the interaction between circPSMC3 and miR-296-5p. Ectopic over-expression and siRNA-mediated knockdown of circPSMC3, proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and in vivo experiment of metastasis were used to evaluate the function of circPSMC3. RESULTS CircPSMC3 rather than liner PSMC3 mRNA was down-regulated in GC tissues, corresponding plasmas from GC patients as well as GC cell lines compared to normal controls. Lower circPSMC3 expression in GC patients was correlated with higher TNM stage and shorter overall survival. Over-expression of circPSMC3 and miR-296-5p inhibitor could inhibit the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells in vivo and vitro whereas co-transfection of circPSMC3 and miRNA-296-5p could counteract this effect. Importantly, we demonstrated that circPSMC3 could act as a sponge of miR-296-5p to regulate the expression of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN), and further suppress the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that circPSMC3 can serve as a novel potential circulating biomarker for detection of GC. CircPSMC3 participates in progression of gastric cancer by sponging miRNA-296-5p with PTEN, providing a new insight into the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Rong
- 0000 0000 9255 8984grid.89957.3aDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Chen Lu
- 0000 0000 9255 8984grid.89957.3aDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Betty Zhang
- 0000 0004 1936 8227grid.25073.33Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Kai Fu
- 0000 0000 9255 8984grid.89957.3aDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Shuli Zhao
- Department of General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- 0000 0000 9255 8984grid.89957.3aDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- 0000 0000 9255 8984grid.89957.3aDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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Ding H, Sun J, Li R, Wang G. Retracted Article: Long non-coding RNA GACAT1 alleviates doxorubicin and vincristine resistance through a PTEN/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 regulatory pathway in gastric cancer. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8048-8055. [PMID: 35521206 PMCID: PMC9061239 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10030f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a major global health problem. Chemotherapy is a common therapeutic strategy for cancers including GC. However, chemoresistance strikingly limits the clinical applications of chemotherapeutic drugs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to be implicated in the pathogenesis and chemoresistance of cancers including GC. Our work aims to investigate the roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA gastric cancer-associated transcript 1 (GACAT1) in regulating doxorubicin (ADR) and vincristine (VCR) resistance in GC. In this text, RT-qPCR assay showed that GACAT1 expression was markedly reduced in ADR- or VCR-resistant GC (SGC7901/ADR or SGC7901/VCR) cells and GC tissues. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed that GACAT1 overexpression alleviated the resistance of GC cells to ADR and VCR. RT-qPCR and western blot assay disclosed that GACAT1 deactivated the AKT/mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway and promoted PTEN expression in SGC7901/ADR or SGC7901/VCR cells. Restoration experiments demonstrated that GACAT1 attenuated ADR or VCR resistance by regulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 pathway in SGC7901/ADR or SGC7901/VCR cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that GACAT1 overexpression inhibited tumor growth and enhanced ADR- or VCR-mediated anti-tumor effects in GC xenograft tumor models. Taken together, these data revealed that GACAT1 weakened the resistance of GC cells to ADR and VCR by the PTEN/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 regulatory pathway in vitro and in vivo, shedding new light on GACAT1 upregulation as a potential strategy to alleviate chemoresistance in GC. Gastric cancer (GC) is a major global health problem.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxuan Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Ruixin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
| | - Guojun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- P. R. China
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Tong J, Chen F, Du W, Zhu J, Xie Z. TGF-β1 Induces Human Tenon’s Fibroblasts Fibrosis via miR-200b and Its Suppression of PTEN Signaling. Curr Eye Res 2018; 44:360-367. [DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1549261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenggao Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Co-expression profiling of plasma miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer patients. Gene 2018; 687:135-142. [PMID: 30447342 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent researches indicate that differential non-coding RNAs expression signatures could be associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). However, there are few studies focused on lncRNA-miRNAs co-expression profiling in GC patients. Therefore, in the present study the expression of H19 and MEG3 and their related miRNAs including miR-148a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-675-5p and miR-141-3p were determined in the plasma samples of GC patients and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study included 62 GC patients and 40 age- sex matched controls. The non-coding RNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Further, using in silico analysis, we identified shared targets of studied miRNAs and performed GC-associated pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the H19 level was significantly (P = 0.008) elevated and MEG3 expression was significantly (P = 0.002) down-regulated in GC patients compared to healthy participants. Furthermore, it was revealed that the miR-675-5p level was increased, while miR-141-3p plasma levels were significantly reduced in GC patients (P < 0.05). We did not observe a significant difference for miR-148a-3p (P = 0.682) and miR-181a-5p (P = 0.098) expression between groups. In addition, the expression levels of H19, MEG3 and miR-148a-3p were associated with some clinicopathological features of patients (P < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed that a combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p levels able to discriminate controls and GC subjects with 88.87% sensitivity and 85% specificity (AUC, 0.927; 0.85-0.96 CI, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results of current study demonstrated that combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p expression levels could provide a potential diagnostic panel for GC.
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Xu G, Ao R, Zhi Z, Jia J, Yu B. miR‐21 and miR‐19b delivered by hMSC‐derived EVs regulate the apoptosis and differentiation of neurons in patients with spinal cord injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10205-10217. [PMID: 30387159 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Xu
- Orthopedics Department , Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Pudong Shanghai China
| | - Rongguang Ao
- Orthopedics Department , Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Pudong Shanghai China
| | - Zhongzheng Zhi
- Orthopedics Department , Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Pudong Shanghai China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Orthopedics Department , Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Pudong Shanghai China
| | - Baoqing Yu
- Orthopedics Department , Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Pudong Shanghai China
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26
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Immunohistochemical classification of gastric cancer based on new molecular biomarkers: a potential predictor of survival. Virchows Arch 2018; 473:687-695. [PMID: 30140949 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several classification systems have been described for stratifying patients with gastric carcinoma (GC). However, their prognostic value is low, and there is an urgent need for identification of molecular markers and development of new classifications. Retrospective study of 206 cases of GC diagnosed and surgically resected in our hospital between 2000 and 2017. Clinicopathological features of all cases were assessed and tissue microarrays were constructed for immunohistochemical (IHC) study. Patients were stratified based on IHC results. Mean patient age was 71 years and most patients were male (54.6%). Most tumors were located in the gastric antrum and body, and they were mostly fungoid or ulcerative lesions. GC were mainly intestinal-type tumors and 60.3% were diagnosed at pT3. 56.2% of patients showed recurrences and 29.4% died due to GC. According to our IHC classification, 23.5% of tumors showed microsatellite instability, 6% were E-cadherin negative, 53.5% were stable-p53 not overexpressed, and 17% were stable with p53 overexpression. IHC classification was significantly correlated with patient gender, gross morphology, Laurén classification, tumor necrosis, perineural infiltration, type of leading edge, and patient outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that IHC subtype was significantly and independently associated with overall survival, together with clinical symptoms, signet cell phenotype, tumor grade and vessel invasion. The application of IHC classifications based on molecular biomarkers in clinical practice can aid in the stratification of GC patients. More studies are needed to evaluate the reproducibility and clinical significance of these classifications.
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Wu S, Wang J, Li F. Dysregulation of PTEN caused by the underexpression of microRNA‑130b is associated with the severity of lupus nephritis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7966-7972. [PMID: 29620214 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several reports in the literature regarding microRNA (miR)‑130b. It has been reported that miR‑130b is involved in several diseases. The present study aimed to understand the association between the levels of miR‑130b and lupus nephritis in patients. A total of 61 blood samples were collected and the expression level of miR‑130b was determined. The online miRNA database was then searched using the 'seed sequence' located within the 3'‑untranslated region of the target gene. Linear analysis and a luciferase assay were performed to understand the regulatory association between miR‑130b and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). In addition, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN among individuals with lupus nephritis (n=28) and those without lupus nephritis (n=31), and in mesangial cells treated with scramble control, miR‑130b mimics, PTEN small interfering (si)RNA and miR‑130b inhibitors. In addition mesangial cells were treated with scramble control, miR‑130b mimics, PTEN siRNA and miR‑130b inhibitors to investigate the affect of miR‑130b and PTEN on the viability and apoptosis of mesangial cells. The results demonstrated that miR‑130b was downregulated in the hormone‑resistant group of lupus nephritis patients. PTEN was a virtual target of miR‑130b. There was a negative regulatory association between miR‑130b and PTEN. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN were increased in the hormone‑resistant group. miR‑130b decreased the expression of PTEN. miR‑130b negatively interfered with the viability of mesangial cells and PTEN positively interfered with the viability of mesangial cells. miR‑130b accelerated apoptosis and PTEN inhibited apoptosis. Taken together, the results showed that miR‑130b was upregulated in the lupus nephritis group. PTEN was a virtual target of miR‑130b, and there was a negative regulatory association between miR‑130b and PTEN. miR‑130b and PTEN interfered with the viability and apoptosis of the mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Wu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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28
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Zhao CL, Han SN, Wang ZJ, Wang SH, Zhao GQ, Zhang XF, Wang JX. Concomitant modulation of PTEN and Livin in gastric cancer treatment. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2901-2908. [PMID: 29436592 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and Livin are important in the development of gastric cancer (GC). PTEN and Livin are involved in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. The modulation of PTEN or Livin has been investigated extensively in various cancer models. However, no studies have been performed to evaluate the combined effect of concurrently modulating these two genes on the development of GC. In the present study, the BGC823 human gastric carcinoma cell line was transfected with a dual gene modified vector (pCL-neo-PTEN-siLivin) in parallel with single gene modified vectors (pCL‑neo‑PTEN or pRNAT‑U6.1‑siLivin), and an empty control vector. Dual gene modulation (pCL‑neo‑PTEN‑siLivin) had a more marked effect on the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and reduction of cell penetration in Matrigel, compared with either single gene alone or empty vector transfection. In a xenograft nude mouse model, the inoculation of pCL‑neo‑PTEN‑siLivin‑transfected BGC823 cells led to a markedly reduced tumor burden, compared with that in all other inoculation groups. In conclusion, the overexpression of PTEN concomitant with Livin gene silencing was confirmed as a feasible and effective in vitro and in vivo gene modulation method, which may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ju Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xie-Fu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xiang Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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29
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Lu C, Wang H, Chen S, Yang R, Li H, Zhang G. Baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity of A549 and H460 cells via miR-424-3p and targeting PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2478-2487. [PMID: 29392841 PMCID: PMC5867147 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in individuals with malignant disease. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin are the most widely used treatment for this disease. Baicalein is a purified flavonoid compound that has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis and increase sensitization to chemotherapeutic drugs via different pathways. Therefore, we assessed the effects of baicalein on the proliferation, apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in the NSCLC A549 and H460 cell lines and determined the pathways through which baicalein exerts its effects. Baicalein was slightly toxic to normal human bronchial NHBE cells but inhibited growth, induced apoptosis and increased cisplatin sensitivity in A549 and H460 cells. Baicalein down‐regulated miR‐424‐3p, up‐regulated PTEN expression and down‐regulated expression of PI3K and p‐Akt in A549 and H460 cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN is a target gene of miR‐424‐3p, and overexpression of miR‐424‐3p or silencing of PTEN partially attenuated the effects of baicalein on A549 and H460 cells. Taken together, we concluded that baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity to A549 and H460 cells via down‐regulation of miR‐424‐3p and targeting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunya Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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30
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Youssef O, Sarhadi V, Ehsan H, Böhling T, Carpelan-Holmström M, Koskensalo S, Puolakkainen P, Kokkola A, Knuutila S. Gene mutations in stool from gastric and colorectal neoplasia patients by next-generation sequencing. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:8291-8299. [PMID: 29307989 PMCID: PMC5743500 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study cancer hotspot mutations by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in stool DNA from patients with different gastrointestinal tract (GIT) neoplasms.
METHODS Stool samples were collected from 87 Finnish patients diagnosed with various gastric and colorectal neoplasms, including benign tumors, and from 14 healthy controls. DNA was isolated from stools by using the PSP® Spin Stool DNA Plus Kit. For each sample, 20 ng of DNA was used to construct sequencing libraries using the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel v2 or Ion AmpliSeq Colon and Lung Cancer panel v2. Sequencing was performed on Ion PGM. Torrent Suite Software v.5.2.2 was used for variant calling and data analysis.
RESULTS NGS was successful in assaying 72 GIT samples and 13 healthy controls, with success rates of the assay being 78% for stomach neoplasia and 87% for colorectal tumors. In stool specimens from patients with gastric neoplasia, five hotspot mutations were found in APC, CDKN2A and EGFR genes, in addition to seven novel mutations. From colorectal patients, 20 mutations were detected in AKT1, APC, ERBB2, FBXW7, KIT, KRAS, NRAS, SMARCB1, SMO, STK11 and TP53. Healthy controls did not exhibit any hotspot mutations, except for two novel ones. APC and TP53 were the most frequently mutated genes in colorectal neoplasms, with five mutations, followed by KRAS with two mutations. APC was the most commonly mutated gene in stools of patients with premalignant/benign GIT lesions.
CONCLUSION Our results show that in addition to colorectal neoplasms, mutations can also be assayed from stool specimens of patients with gastric neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Youssef
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Virinder Sarhadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Homa Ehsan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Tom Böhling
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | | | - Selja Koskensalo
- The HUCH Gastrointestinal Clinic, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Pauli Puolakkainen
- The HUCH Gastrointestinal Clinic, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Arto Kokkola
- The HUCH Gastrointestinal Clinic, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Sakari Knuutila
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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MicroRNA-28 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:4003-4010. [PMID: 29257342 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignant disease and second leading cause of cancer‑associated mortalities worldwide. Previous studies revealed aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in various types of human cancer; these miRNAs play important roles in tumourigenesis and tumour development. miRNAs present a considerable potential for novel therapeutic approaches for treating human cancer. Therefore, the investigation of novel miRNAs involved in gastric cancer progression provides an opportunity to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. miRNA‑28 (miR‑28) has been investigated with regards to its expression and biological functions in many types of human cancer. However, previous studies have not discussed the expression patterns, roles and associated molecular mechanisms of miR‑28 in gastric cancer. In the present study, miR‑28 expression was identified to be upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. miR‑28 inhibition functionally inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer in vitro. Using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was mechanically identified as a direct target of miR‑28 in gastric cancer. PTEN was downregulated in gastric cancer and negatively correlated with miR‑28 levels. Inhibition of PTEN restored the biological effects of miR‑28 downregulation on the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Notably, the downregulation of miR‑28 results in the regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway in gastric cancer. These results suggested that miR‑28 may be targeted for the development of novel treatments for gastric cancer in the future.
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32
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Yang Z, Cao X, Xu W, Xie C, Chen J, Zhu Y, Lu N. Phosphorylation of phosphatase and tensin homolog induced by Helicobacter pylori promotes cell invasion by activation of focal adhesion kinase. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1051-1057. [PMID: 29399165 PMCID: PMC5772772 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor suppressor at Ser380/Thr382/Thr383 residues is a novel mechanism underlying PTEN inactivation in gastric carcinogenesis, which may be triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection. To investigate this further, the effect of H. pylori infection on PTEN phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), were evaluated in gastric tissue samples from Mongolian gerbils and in the human gastric epithelial mucosa cell line GES-1 using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and Transwell assays. The in vivo and in vitro results of the present study demonstrated that H. pylori infection induced the phosphorylation and inactivation of PTEN at Ser380/Thr382/383, and the subsequent phosphorylation and activation of FAK at Tyr397. Gastric epithelial cell invasion was also increased. Furthermore, stable expression of a dominant-negative PTEN mutant inhibited the enhanced FAK activation and cell invasion induced by H. pylori infection. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying H. pylori-induced carcinogenesis may involve promoting cell invasion through the phosphorylation of PTEN and the activation of FAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ximei Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Peoples' Hospital of Jiujiang, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Chiappini PBO, de Medeiros IUD, Lima LGC, Fregnani JH, Nonogaki S, da Costa WL, Coimbra FJF, Silva MJDBE, de Mello CAL, Pinto CAL, Begnami MD. Prognostic implications of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway activation in gastric carcinomas. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:1262-1268. [PMID: 29181056 PMCID: PMC5701681 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.60394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway plays a critical role in carcinogenesis and resistance to anticancer drugs. In this study, gastric carcinomas (GC) were investigated and statistical analyses were performed concerning the correlation between the clinicopathological features and activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry for p-AKT, p-mTOR and PTEN was performed in 239 GC and 200 non-neoplastic gastric tissues. The clinicopathological parameters were recorded from the medical charts. Statistical significance was defined by a p-value < 0.05. RESULTS High p-AKT expression was observed in 10% of the normal gastric tissue and in 90% of GC, and it was significantly associated with tumor size (p < 0.001), T3/T4 tumors (p < 0.001), and presence of metastases (p = 0.02). Similarly, p-mTOR positivity was found in GC cells, but not in the normal gastric mucosa, and was correlated with perineural invasion (p = 0.02) and T3/T4 tumors (p = 0.03). On the other hand, PTEN expression was weak and focal in the tumor cells, while in the normal gastric tissue this staining was strong and diffuse. Importantly, the expression of p-mTOR and PTEN was associated with overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study, characterized by the loss of PTEN expression and higher expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in the majority of tumor cells, apparently are implicated in the carcinogenesis and progression of GC. The identification of p-mTOR and PTEN expression as prognostic factors corroborates the identification and use of potential target drugs that could be more efficient for the treatment of these patients.
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Ma Q, Wu X, Wu J, Wu H, Xiao Y, Wang L, Liang Z, Liu T. PDZ-containing 1 acts as a suppressor of pancreatic cancer by regulating PTEN phosphorylation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72893-72909. [PMID: 29069834 PMCID: PMC5641177 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is a recently established cause of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene inactivation, which leads to defect tumour-suppressor function. In pancreatic cancer, this phenomenon has not been reported. Based on database and clinical sample analyses, we found that PTEN phosphorylation occurs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patient tissues and cell lines, and we aimed to find a method for dephosphorylation. PDZ-containing 1 (PDZK1), a tumour-associated protein that shares its PDZ-binding sequence with the carboxyl-terminal domain of PTEN, was significantly down-regulated in pancreatic cancer as compared to adjacent non-tumour tissues. In vitro, PDZK1 overexpression reversed the proliferation and migration abilities of pancreatic cancer cells and led to significantly decreased PTEN phosphorylation and AKT phosphorylation by interacting with wild-type PTEN. In addition, a transcription factor-activation assay supported that PDZK1 overexpression enhanced the anti-oncogene function of PTEN by regulating the activities of its downstream transcription factors, including p53, NF-κB, and FOXO1. In vivo, nude mice stably over-expressing PDZK1 had lower tumour weights and volumes and showed significantly down-regulated PTEN phosphorylation in xenograft tumour tissues as compared to the control group. Moreover, low PDZK1 expression strongly correlated with advanced stage and poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, our study elucidated the tumour-suppressor role of PDZK1 in pancreatic cancer through down-regulating PTEN phosphorylation, and established PDZK1 as a potential novel prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Beijing Huairou Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 101400, P.R. China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
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Zhang XS, Hu YH, Gao HY, Lan XW, Xue YW. Downregulation of Notch1 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells SGC7901 and MKN74 in vitro through PTEN activation and dephosphorylation of Akt and FAK. Mol Med Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Xia R, Chen SX, Qin Q, Chen Y, Zhang WW, Zhu RR, Deng AM. Oridonin Suppresses Proliferation of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells via Blockage of mTOR Signaling. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:667-71. [PMID: 26925661 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oridonin, an ent-kaurane diterpenoid compound isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens, has shown various pharmacological and physiological effects such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of oridonin on human ovarian cancer cell lines has not been determined. In this study, we demonstrated that oridonin inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed oridonin inhibited tumor growth of ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) in vivo. We then assessed mechanisms and found that oridonin specifically abrogated the phosphorylation/activation of mTOR signaling. In summary, our results indicate that oridonin is a potential inhibitor of ovarian cancer by blocking the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xia
- Department of Transfusion, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China E-mail :
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Xu H, Zhu J, Hu C, Song H, Li Y. Inhibition of microRNA-181a may suppress proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of cervical cancer cells through the PTEN/Akt/FOXO1 pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:721-732. [PMID: 27534652 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, small RNAs, which play a critical role in regulating varieties of the biological and pathologic processes. miR-181a has been reported to participate in tumorigenic progression. However, the roles of miR-181a in cervical cancer (CC) are still unknown. The aim of this research was to explore the effects and molecular mechanism of miR-181a in CC cells. In this paper, the levels of miR-181a in CC cell lines were determined by real-time PCR. We found that the levels of miR-181a were evidently enhanced in CC cell lines compared with normal cervical epithelium cells. Then, the miR-181a inhibitor was transiently transfected into HeLa and CaSKi cells using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. Subsequently, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and BrdU-ELISA results showed that down-regulation of miR-181a inhibited the cell viability and proliferation. Our data also demonstrated that miR-181a inhibitor arrested cell cycle progression of HeLa and CaSKi cells by up-regulation of p21 and p27 expressions. In addition, inhibition of miR-181a promoted apoptosis of HeLa and CaSKi cells due to increasing Bax expression and decreasing Bcl-2 expression. Ultimately, the effect of miR-181a inhibitor on the PTEN/Akt/FOXO1 signaling pathway was investigated by Western blot. From our results, down-regulation of miR-181a increased the expression of PTEN and decreased phosphorylation of Akt and FOXO1. Altogether, miR-181a might be an oncogene in CC cells. The potential mechanism was that inhibition of miR-181a might suppress proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of HeLa and CaSKi cells by modulating the PTEN/Akt/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jihong Zhu
- Section I, Department of General Gynecology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Cong Hu
- Reproductive Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hua Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qianwei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Section I, Department of General Gynecology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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38
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Yang Z, Xie C, Xu W, Liu G, Cao X, Li W, Chen J, Zhu Y, Luo S, Luo Z, Lu N. Phosphorylation and inactivation of PTEN at residues Ser380/Thr382/383 induced by Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric epithelial cell survival through PI3K/Akt pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31916-26. [PMID: 26376616 PMCID: PMC4741650 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of PTEN at residues Ser380/Thr382/383 leads to loss of phosphatase activity and tumor suppressor function. Here, we found that phosphorylation of PTEN at residues Ser380/Thr382/383 was increased with gastric carcinogenesis, and more importantly, Helicobacter pylori was a trigger of this modification in chronic non-atrophic gastritis. H. pylori could phosphorylate and inactivate PTEN in vivo and in vitro, resulting in survival of gastric epithelial cells. Furthermore, stable expression of dominant-negative mutant PTEN or inhibition of Akt prevented the enhanced survival induced by H. pylori. These results indicate that PTEN phosphorylation at residues Ser380/Thr382/383 is a novel mechanism of PTEN inactivation in gastric carcinogenesis, and H. pylori triggers this modification, resulting in activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and promotion of cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gongmeizi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ximei Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhijun Luo
- The Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Evaluation of nitric oxide donors impact on cisplatin resistance in various ovarian cancer cell lines. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 36:26-37. [PMID: 27427240 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer chemoresistance, both intrinsic and acquired, is the main obstacle in improving the outcome of anticancer therapies. Therefore the development of new treatment strategies, including the use of new compounds that can support the standard therapeutics is required. Among many candidates, nitric oxide (NO) donors, agents with multivalent targeted activities in cancer cells, are worth considering. The aim of this study was evaluation of SPER/NO and DETA/NO ability to enhance cisplatin cytotoxicity against different ovarian cancer cell lines. Obtained data indicate that NO donors action varies between different cancer cell lines and is strongest in low aggressive and cisplatin sensitive cells. While statistically significant, the enhancement of cisplatin cytotoxicity by NO donors is of low magnitude. The rise in the percentage of late apoptotic/necrotic ovarian cancer cells may suggest that NO donors enhancement action might be based on the cellular ATP depletion. Nevertheless, no significant impact of the NO donors, cisplatin or their combination on the expressions of ABCB1, BIRC5 and PTEN genes has been found. Although our data puts the therapeutical potential of NO donors to aid cisplatin action in question it may also point out at the further approach to utilize these compounds in therapies.
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Arias Sosa LA, Bernal Gómez BM, Cuspoca Orduz AF. Supresión tumoral por microARN en el cáncer gástrico. GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGÍA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gamo.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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41
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Xu WT, Nie YZ, Yang Z, Lu NH. The crosstalk between gut microbiota and obesity and related metabolic disorders. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:825-36. [PMID: 27192213 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2015-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic diseases are currently a threat to global public health. The occurrence and development of these conditions result from the combined effects of multiple factors. The human gut is a diverse and vibrant microecosystem, and its composition and function are a focus of research in the fields of life science and medicine. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that interactions between the gut microbiota and their genetic predispositions or dietary changes may be key factors that contribute to obesity and other metabolic diseases. Defining the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota influence obesity and related chronic metabolic diseases will bring about revolutionary changes that will enable practitioners to prevent and control metabolic diseases by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yong-Zhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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Expression of PTEN and Its Correlation with Proliferation Marker Ki-67 in Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e193-203. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction PTEN is part of large family of tyrosine phosphatases and has been found inactivated in a wide variety of human cancers. Aims In the present study we have tried to determine the association of the expression patterns of this gene with carcinogenesis. Methods First, a systematic review was carried out to ascertain the importance of the PTEN gene and its role in carcinogenesis. In the second phase, a case-control study was designed using different expression analysis techniques. Expression of PTEN mRNA was analyzed using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Significantly downregulated expression of PTEN was observed in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) compared to adjacent normal-tissue controls. These results were confirmed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Significant downregulation of the gene was observed in HNC patients compared to adjacent normal-tissue controls. PTEN expression was correlated with different histopathological parameters of the study cohort by Spearman's correlation coefficient and a significant negative correlation was observed with pT stage (r = −0.271*; p<0.02) and grade (r = −0.228*; p<0.02) of HNC tissues. Furthermore, the expression variations of PTEN were correlated with the expression pattern of the proliferation marker Ki-67. Significantly (p<0.008) upregulated expression of Ki-67 was observed in HNC patients compared with adjacent normal-tissue controls This upregulation of Ki-67 was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry in HNC patients. When Spearman's correlation was carried out a significant negative correlation was observed between PTEN and Ki-67 (r = −0.230*; p<0.03). Conclusions Our data suggest that downregulation of PTEN and overexpression of Ki-67 may contribute to the initiation and progression of HNC.
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Xiong D, Liu Z, Bian T, Li J, Huang W, Jing P, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhong Z. GX1-mediated anionic liposomes carrying adenoviral vectors for enhanced inhibition of gastric cancer vascular endothelial cells. Int J Pharm 2015; 496:699-708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Xiang HG, Hao J, Zhang WJ, Lu WJ, Dong P, Liu YB, Chen L. Expression of Fatty Acid Synthase Negatively Correlates with PTEN and Predicts Peritoneal Dissemination of Human Gastric Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:6851-5. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.6851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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45
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Zeng C, Xing R, Liu J, Xing F. Role of CSL-dependent and independent Notch signaling pathways in cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2015; 21:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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46
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Bermúdez Brito M, Goulielmaki E, Papakonstanti EA. Focus on PTEN Regulation. Front Oncol 2015; 5:166. [PMID: 26284192 PMCID: PMC4515857 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN) as a tumor suppressor has been for a long time attributed to its lipid phosphatase activity against PI(3,4,5)P3, the phospholipid product of the class I PI3Ks. Besides its traditional role as a lipid phosphatase at the plasma membrane, a wealth of data has shown that PTEN can function independently of its phosphatase activity and that PTEN also exists and plays a role in the nucleus, in cytoplasmic organelles, and extracellularly. Accumulating evidence has shed light on diverse physiological functions of PTEN, which are accompanied by a complex regulation of its expression and activity. PTEN levels and function are regulated transcriptionally, post-transcriptionally, and post-translationally. PTEN is also sensitive to regulation by its interacting proteins and its localization. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on mechanisms that regulate the expression and enzymatic activity of PTEN and its role in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bermúdez Brito
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Evangelia Goulielmaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
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47
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Xi Y, Chen Y. Oncogenic and Therapeutic Targeting of PTEN Loss in Bone Malignancies. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1837-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics; Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; China
| | - Yan Chen
- Division in Signaling Biology; Princess Margaret Cancer Center; University Health Network; Toronto Canada
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Wincewicz A, Kowalik A, Zięba S, Lewitowicz P, Góźdź S, Sulkowski S. α-Fetoprotein-Producing Hepatoid Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells and Neuroendocrine Differentiation: A Case Study With Molecular Profiling. Int J Surg Pathol 2015; 23:537-41. [PMID: 26009570 DOI: 10.1177/1066896915586807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the case of a 73-year-old woman with an ulcerated, advanced, hepatoid, and α-fetoprotein-producing poorly differentiated (G3) primary gastric adenocarcinoma pT3 N3a M1 with multinucleated cells and evident neuroendocrine component. This tumor was consistent with giant cell tumor type gastric carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs). The cancer was HER2 and E-cadherin negative, chromogranin A dispersedly and moderately positive, and strongly α-fetoprotein-positive with evident CK AE1/AE3 immunoreactivity, while OGCs expressed CD68. To provide an insight into the molecular background of this peculiar neoplasm, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to analyze the 50 most frequently mutated oncogenes and tumor suppressors. We detected mutations in the primary tumor in the following genes: KIT, EGFR, PTEN, ATM, and RB1. In the liver metastasis, we revealed mutations in 3 genes: PIK3CA, KIT, and CDKN2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland, Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist Kielce
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sebastian Zięba
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Lewitowicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland, Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist Kielce Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology Holy Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland Department of Prevention and Epidemiology of Neoplasms, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Collegium Pathologicum, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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Mandal RK, Akhter N, Irshad M, Panda AK, Ali A, Haque S. Association of the PTEN IVS4 (rs3830675) Gene Polymorphism with Reduced Risk of Cancer: Evidence from a Meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:897-902. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.3.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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50
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Phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression predicts poor prognosis of Chinese patients with gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31:141. [PMID: 25348345 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have established the role of phosphorylated form of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (p-IGF1R) as a good candidate for tumor biomarker. The aims of this study were to investigate p-IGF1R expression status in gastric cancer (GC) specimens and to clarify its clinical significance. A total of 78 GC patients treated with radical resection were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect p-IGF1R and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) protein expression in paired tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Results showed a higher level of p-IGF1R protein expression in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues, and the rate of p-IGF1R protein high/moderate expression in GC and normal tissues was 52.6% (41/78) and 6.4% (5/78), respectively (p < 0.001). In contrast, PTEN protein expression was downregulated in GC, as compared with normal tissues (negative/low expression 49/78 vs. 8/78, p < 0.001). Moreover, PTEN protein downregulation was consistent with p-IGF1R upregulation. Overexpression of p-IGF1R protein was associated with lymph metastasis, clinical stage, and adverse 3-year progression-free survival (PFS). Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model revealed that p-IGF1R overexpression was an independent factor in predicting PFS for GC patients, apart from lymph metastasis. In conclusion, p-IGF1R is highly expressed in GC, which may be a novel biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of GC patients.
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