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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P. Carl Weigert's pioneer definition of heart infarction as myocardial, coagulative necrosis due to obstruction of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in 1880, overshadowed by subsequent, secondary publications in the field. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2023; 64:95-99. [PMID: 37128797 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.64.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In 1880, a German Jewish Professor of Pathology, Carl Weigert (1845-1904) first defined heart infarction as myocardial, coagulative necrosis ("Coagulationsnekrose") due to obliteration of atherosclerotic coronary arteries thanks, at least, partially to his great diligence in vascular staining methods. Histochemical techniques made his name eponymic as Weigert's Hematoxylin or Weigert's and Van Gieson's elastic stains are still used in routine practice to visualize, e.g., the framework of vessels. However, his discovery has been overshadowed by far more frequently cited in recent decades, subsequent but secondary, 214-page-long book dated on 1896 and titled "L'infarctus du myocarde et ses conséquences - ruptures, plaques fibreuses, anévrismes du coeur", in which René Marie repeated Carl Weigert's words that dead cardiomyocytes lost their cellular nuclei. Weigert introduced the term "die Infarcte des Herzmuskels", in 1880, in his paper titled "Über die pathologischen Gerinnungsvorgänge", in Virchows Archiv. According to Weigert, occlusions were caused by white thrombi ("weissen Thromben") on the ground of atheromatous changes of the coronary arteries. In following manner, he gave macroscopic description of heart infarction: "If a blood supply is very roughly (German: brüsk), completely cut off in individual parts of the heart muscle, yellowish dry masses are formed that resemble coagulated fibrin". "If examined microscopically, one usually does not find any fibrinous material exudate, but often a delusively normal tissue (sometimes you can even see cross striation of the muscle fibers): but all muscle fibers (...) are anucleate". Paradoxically, coronary thrombosis was also a cause of Carl Weigert's death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P. Heritage of Leopold Auerbach in the field of morphology of nervous system. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2021; 62:325-330. [PMID: 34609440 PMCID: PMC8597382 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.62.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Leopold Auerbach (April 27, 1828–September 30, 1897) belongs to world famous figures in medicine, who were born, spent most of their lifetimes and died in Wrocław (Breslau). Auerbach reported for the first time in literature about existence of plexus myentericus (plexus Auerbachi) including ganglion cells between circular and longitudinal layers of tunica muscularis propria in intestinal wall, in 1862. With his publication on muscular hypertrophy, dated on 1871, he provided ground for another eponym: “Friedreich–Auerbach disease”, that refers to facial hemihypertrophy. He was raised in Jewish family, which lived for generations in Wrocław. His elaborative scientific work was his struggle for human dignity and safe social status, which was shared with many other members of the community at the time of Jewish emancipation thorough the whole XIXth century in Germany. The great value of Leopold Auerbach for the Wrocław University – his Alma Mater –, which was founded by an Austrian Emperor Leopold I, is even metaphorically coded by the fact, that “AL” are not only initials for Academia Leopoldina but also curiously for the name and surname of this brilliant scientist, who led rather a calm and unspectacular life. This paper is the last one from the series of our biographical papers, in which we focused on his output in the field of vascular system, morphology of invertebrates and – in only short one page-long note until now – on the topic of nervous system, so we decided to present a full text report on the latter but the most famous area of his activity. Review paper with elements of original biographical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Kowalik A, Wincewicz A, Zięba S, Kopczynski J, Koda M, Sulkowski S, Kańczuga-Koda L, Góźdź S. Review of Potential Significance of Mutations of ADAMTS20, NF1 and PKHD1 Detected Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Dermal Fibrosarcoma Arising in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2021; 62:17-22. [PMID: 32337892 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.62.e48003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined a status of fibrosarcoma arising in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of 64-year-old male patient. A dermal, solid, grayish-yellow, desmin-negative trichrome-bluish tumor measured 1.5 cm in diameter pT1a (edition 8 pTNM). It was composed of spindle cells. It was consistent with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (ICD-O3: 8832/3) in areas of low mitotic activity, low atypia and sustained CD34 positivity. CD34-negative texture with high mitotic index and atypia was consistent with the high grade sarcoma apparently of fibrous origin, given category of poorly differentiated fibrosarcoma. The high grade component was graded (G3) and scored according to French Federation of Cancer Centers Sarcoma Group (FNCLCC): total score of 6 points: tumor differentiation: 3 points + Mitotic count: 3 points (up to 26 mitoses/ 10HPF in high-grade fields), + no necrosis: 0 points. In low grade sarcomatous component ADAMTS20 (NM_025003: c.1661C>T, p.P554L) NF1 (NM_001042492: c. 2173G>T, p.E725X) and PKHD1 (NM_138694: c. 11074C>T, p.R3692X) were revealed with following allelic frequencies: 25%, 27% and 17%. In high grade component allelic frequencies of the same mentioned mutations were 30%, 30% and 14% respectively. In the light of our findings, none of detected mutations can be regarded as a mutation that would definitely induce phenotype of high malignancy, because ADAMTS20, NF1 and PKHD1 mutations were detected both in high grade sarcoma and in low grade areas of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. It also points that these mutations appeared on early stages of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mariusz Koda
- Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Luiza Kańczuga-Koda
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center, Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P. Leopold Auerbach's heritage in the field of morphology and embryology with special emphasis on gametogenesis of invertebrates. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2021; 61:587-593. [PMID: 33544814 PMCID: PMC7864296 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plexus myentericus Auerbachi and Friedreich–Auerbach disease are widely used eponyms that are associated with eminent morphologist Leopold Auerbach (1828–1897), whose life is relatively little known due to limited access to his German-written XIX century biographies and lack of English biographical papers about him in world literature. Hereby we focused on hardly known achievements of Leopold Auerbach in the field of gametogenesis and embryology of invertebrates. Auerbach did not only confirm unicellularity of amoebas, which was previously discovered. He described cleavage of fertilized eggs of Ascaris nigrovenosa and Strongylus auricularis. Moreover, his accurate descriptions on germination of Paracentrotus lividus inspired a recognized German zoologist Oscar Hertwig (1849–1922). Auerbach also profoundly studied an encystation of Oxytricha pellionella on morphological grounds. His descriptions referred to karyokinesis as well as oogenesis and spermatogenesis to discover conjugations of spermatozoa in pairs in the epididymis of a beetle, Dytiscus marginalis. He also distinguished two types of spermatozoa of Paludina vivipara: the hairlike-shaped (German: haarförmigen) and the worm-shaped (wurmförmigen) ones of these fresh water (river) snails. His studies on germination (including cell division during cleavage of nematodes) inspired the others, e.g., Oscar Hertwig, and following generations to conclude that “Auerbach deserves the credit for having provided the first scientific foundation for modern teaching on fertilization” according to professor of anatomy Gustav Born (1851–1900) at Breslau University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice - Pathologist, Warsaw-Marymont, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Hińcza K, Ossoliński K, Ossolińska A, Ossoliński T, Kopczynski J, Góźdź S, Kowalik A. Evaluation of two different mutations in codon 12 of NRAS gene in ulcerated penile mucosal nodular malignant melanoma pT4b of the 90-year-old man in perspective of targeted therapy of NRAS-mutated advanced melanomas. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14115. [PMID: 32735072 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice Pathologist, Non Public Health Care Unit Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland
| | - Kinga Hińcza
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Oncology Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ossoliński
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Independent Public Health Care Unit in Kolbuszowa, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Anna Ossolińska
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Independent Public Health Care Unit in Kolbuszowa, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Ossoliński
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Independent Public Health Care Unit in Kolbuszowa, Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | | | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Oncology Centre, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Prophylaxis and Cancer Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Oncology Centre, Kielce, Poland.,Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Tumor Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie - Memorial National Institute of Oncology, Krakow, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P. Leopold Auerbach. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19:723. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The scientific activity of Leopold Auerbach (1828-1897) was associated with Wrocław (Brelsau) medical school, which was renowned for brilliant descriptors of cardiovascular system, whose world-famous achievements became eponymous in history of medicine. Such terms as plexus myentericus Auerbach and Friedreich-Auerbach disease are still used worldwide. Little is known about the fact that the vascular system was at least as important in his scientific impact as neuromuscular field. Actually, one could realize that ganglion cells, which were previously discovered in cardiac location, were identified by Auerbach at interface between circular and longitudinal layer of intestinal tunica muscularis proporia. Consequently, Auerbach focused closely on vessels after examination of neural and muscular components of selected parts of gastrointestinal tract. Namely, he noticed that tightly grouped cells that formed vessels in the process of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis to constitute the lining of capillaries, possessed nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist, Warsaw-Marymont, Bieniewicka 10, 01-632, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Woltanowski
- Department of Law of Public Finances, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, 15-213, Bialystok, Poland
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Lomperta K, Jakubowska K, Grudzinska M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Wincewicz A, Surmacz E, Sulkowski S, Koda M. Insulin receptor substrate 1 may play divergent roles in human colorectal cancer development and progression. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4140-4150. [PMID: 32821075 PMCID: PMC7403795 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i28.4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite effective prevention and screening methods, the incidence and mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) are still high. Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), a signaling molecule involved in cell proliferation, survival and metabolic responses has been implicated in carcinogenic processes in various cellular and animal models. However, the role of IRS-1 in CRC biology and its value as a clinical CRC biomarker has not been well defined.
AIM To evaluate if and how IRS-1 expression and its associations with the apoptotic and proliferation tumor markers, Bax, Bcl-xL and Ki-67 are related to clinicopathological features in human CRC.
METHODS The expression of IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL and Ki-67 proteins was assessed in tissue samples obtained from 127 patients with primary CRC using immunohistochemical methods. The assays were performed using specific antibodies against IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL, Ki-67. The associations between the expression of IRS-1, Bax, Bcl-xL, Ki-67 were analyzed in relation to clinicopathological parameters, i.e., patient age, sex, primary localization of tumor, histopathological type, grading, staging and lymph node spread. Correlations between variables were examined by Spearman rank correlation test and Fisher exact test with a level of significance at P < 0.05.
RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis of 127 CRC tissue samples revealed weak cytoplasmatic staining for IRS-1 in 66 CRC sections and strong cytoplasmatic staining in 61 cases. IRS-1 expression at any level in primary CRC was associated with tumor grade (69% in moderately differentiated tumors, G2 vs 31% in poorly differentiated tumors, G3) and with histological type (81.9% in adenocarcinoma vs 18.1% in adenocarcinoma with mucosal component cases). Strong IRS-1 positivity was observed more frequently in adenocarcinoma cases (95.1%) and in moderately differentiated tumors (85.2%). We also found statistically significant correlations between expression of IRS-1 and both Bax and Bcl-xL in all CRC cases examined. The relationships between studied proteins were related to clinicopathological parameters of CRC. No significant correlation between the expression of IRS-1 and proliferation marker Ki-67, excluding early stage tumors, where the correlation was positive and on a high level (P = 0.043, r = 0.723).
CONCLUSION This study suggests that IRS-1 is co-expressed with both pro- and antiapoptotic markers and all these proteins are more prevalent in more differentiated CRC than in poorly differentiated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Lomperta
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jakubowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bialystok 15027, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Grudzinska
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- Department of Pathomorphology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bialystok 15027, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Nonpublic Health Care Unit, Kielce 25734, Poland
| | - Eva Surmacz
- Allysta Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Belmont, CA 94002, United States
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15269, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P. Basal Cell Carcinoma among Cutaneous Tumours in "Caricature," Painted by Bartolomeo Passerotti (1529-1592). Dermatology 2019; 236:143-144. [PMID: 31473732 DOI: 10.1159/000502001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A fine and fair depiction of basal cell carcinoma is documented with great fidelity in "Caricature" by Bartolomeo Passerotti (1529-1592). The cancer is pearly white and contains an elevated centre with a sharp and somewhat depressed outline due to ulceration of the lesion. The painting is of essential didactic worth for practicing medical doctors. In addition, the masterpiece contains images of the brown elevated lesions that could turn out to be verrucous melanocytic nevi or pigmented seborrheic keratoses, but it cannot be excluded that these nodules are also basal cell carcinomas covered by a brownish crust. It is standard that microscopic verification is required for all these tumours. However, a pearly white irregular tumour is the most characteristic macroscopic presentation of basal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice - Pathologist, Non-Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland,
| | - Piotr Woltanowski
- Department of Public Finance and Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, Drohiczyn Eclesiastical Society of Arts and Sciences, Department of Public Finances, Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P, Jeleń M. Bridging neighboring civilizations at academic grounds: a story of Zygmunt Albert - Rector illustrissimus ac magnificus Academiae Medicae Wratislaviensis - a pathologist who visualized gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2019; 60:1043-1051. [PMID: 31912122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The life stories can constitute more than simple biographies to remain great lessons of honesty, grit and steadfastness in keeping standards of medical science within a strong moral fiber and flexible wiseness in hard terms like in case of Zygmunt Albert (1908-2001). This eminent pathologist histochemically visualized tissue distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in liver and other organs under various conditions. He was also deeply involved in experimental pathology of liver, particularly in his comprehensive studies on chrysoidin-induced hepatoma that should bear eponymic name Albert's hepatoma. As he had both German and Polish roots, he became an eminent personage that wisely and consequently bridged neighboring civilizations in hard terms of escalation of hate in prewar times, during World War II and in postwar period. After he meticulously recorded Nazi crimes in Lvov, he appealed for justice in case of Nazi massive murders of Lvov Professors. He obtained his Associate Professorship in Anatomical Pathology in Lvov (Lemberg) and was one of rebuilders of Medical Faculty in postwar Wrocław (Breslau) to serve as the first Rector Magnificus of Medical Academy of Wrocław.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Woltanowski P, Sulkowski S. Heritage of Stanislaw Ciechanowski (1869-1945)-Discoverer of pathogenesis of prostatic hyperplasia-passionis insignia signis fulgent mirificis . Prostate 2018; 78:938-948. [PMID: 29774590 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostatic enlargement was first correctly recognized as a prostatic hyperplasia by professor of anatomic pathology, Stanisław Ciechanowski (1869-1945) in Cracow on contrary to Parisian urologist Jean Casimir Félix Guyon's concepts of progressing atherosclerosis as a morphological cause of prostatic overgrowth and mechanical insufficiency of lower urinary tract. METHODS Primary resources were analyzed about Stanisław Ciechanowski mainly from depositories of the Section of Special Collection, Stanisław Konopka Main Medical Library Warsaw and Polish bibliograhy of Estreichers at Jagiellonian University. RESULTS Professor of anatomic pathology, Stanisław Ciechanowski (1869-1945) was the first to state that chronic inflammation induced overgrowth of parenchymatous and stromal prostate components in course of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Ciechanowski preformed also pioneer and notable studies in the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and classification of cancer in Poland. As one of the major Polish medical editors and a father of Polish modern medical language he was also very prolific author in the field of congenital pathology, sclerosis of pulmonary arteries, endemic goiter, intestinal emphysema, etc. Due to magnitude of autopsies, he preformed, Stanislaw Ciechanowski was a perfect candidate to complete the first edition of several volumes of main Polish handbook on anatomy of a human body after tragic death of professor Adam Bochenek. CONCLUSIONS Ciechanowski gained such a high authority, that his opinion was found crucial in prewar Poland in the field of medical publications, but his world-famous achievement was scientific explanation of prostate overgrowth as inflammation induced hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist, Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Woltanowski
- Board Member and General Secretary of Information and Organization Centre for the Research on the Public Finances and Tax Law in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe, Faculty of Law, Department of Law of Public Finances, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Sulkowska M, Famulski W, Wincewicz A, Moniuszko T, Kedra B, Koda M, Zalewski B, Baltaziak M, Sulkowski S. Levels of Ve-Cadherin Increase Independently of Vegf in Preoperative Sera of Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Tumori 2018; 92:67-71. [PMID: 16683386 DOI: 10.1177/030089160609200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) preserves the tightness of the mature vascular network as a component of endothelial adherens junctions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) makes VE-cadherin dissociate from complexes with beta-catenin, so that endothelial cells can loosely proliferate and migrate. We searched for relationships between VEGF and VE-cadherin levels in preoperative sera of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We also compared VE-cadherin levels of control and preoperative CRC sera in relation to clinicopathological features. METHODS We measured with an ELISA kit the serum levels of the proteins in preoperative samples from 125 CRC patients and in samples from 16 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Serum VE-cadherin was about fourfold higher in CRC patients than in controls (P < 0.00001), with similar results being found in subgroups with different clinicopathological features versus controls. VE-cadherin was not correlated with VEGF in the entire group of CRC patients nor in the subgroups of node-positive and node-negative patients, different grades of histological differentiation (G2 or G3), extent of tumor growth (pT1+pT2 or pT3+pT4), histopathological type (adenocarcinoma or mucinous carcinoma), sex, age, and tumor site (colon or rectum). However, the serum levels of VE-cadherin and VEGF in CRC patients, which were higher than the mean values of controls, tended towards a negative correlation in node-positive patients (P = 0.078, r = -0.279). CONCLUSIONS VEGF and VE-cadherin seem to be independent markers of angiogenesis in CRC with no significant correlation between their serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Sulkowska
- Department of Pathology, Collegium Pathologicum, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Wincewicz A, Urbaniak-Wasik S, Urbaniak A, Mościcka-Rylska M, Woltanowska M, Koda M, Sulkowski S, Reszeć J. Review on Retinal Gliosis Illustrated with a Series of Massive Glioses and Focal Nodular Gliosis Cases in Regard to Potential Pitfalls of Ocular Reactive Tumor-like Lesions of this Type. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2018; 60:30-38. [PMID: 29668456 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a review on retinal gliosis illustrated by series of three cases of patients (a 39-year-old man and a 35-year-old woman with massive retinal gliosis (MRG) and a 51-year-old man with truly focal nodular gliosis of retina) with intraocular tumor-like masses and loss of vision, who recently suffered from painful inflammation of eyeball and who classically had a history of remote ocular trauma, onset of blindness early in lifetime or gradual but progressive loss of sight. The diagnosis of this pathological entity is given for the lesions that are composed of GFAP strongly positive, elongated, fusiform cells consistent with fibrillary astrocytes. As illustrated in cases from our pathological practice, PAS gave positive patchy disseminated reaction in form of cellular densely purplish granules in minority of cells representing glycogen storing. This feature could be consistent with PAS-positive Müller cells that also constitute retinal gliosis as one of cellular components of normal retina that is induced to reactive proliferation. Thus, the paper presents histological background and differential diagnosis of the entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Martyna Woltanowska
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Primary Health Care (NZOZ POZ) MEDICAMENTO, Wysokie Mazowieckie, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Sulkowska U, Wincewicz A, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowski S. Comparison of E-cadherin with STAT3 and apoptosis regulators: Bak and Bcl-xL in endometrioid adenocarcinomas of different ER-alpha immunoprofile. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34:171-174. [PMID: 28937296 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1379494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin is a factor of good prognosis in endometrioid adenocarcinomas, while STAT3 is an oncogenic driver of carcinogenesis. E-cadherin, Bak, Bcl-xL and STAT3 were immunohistochemically detected in 78 human endometrioid adenocarcinomas. E-cadherin correlated with STAT3 (p <. 001, r = 0.537) as well as Bak (p = .005, r = 0.314) and Bcl-xL (p = .002, r = 0.340) in the whole study group. In G2 tumors, E-cadherin associated with Bak (p = .021, r = 0.319), Bcl-xL (p = .026, r = 0.309) and STAT3 (p <.001, r = 0.513) but not in G3 adenocarcinomas. E-cadherin correlated with Bak and Bcl-xL in both G1- and estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors with significant relation of E-cadherin and STAT3 in G1- and ER-negative tumors. Antigrowth synergy of expression was preserved for antiapoptotic Bak and proliferation-suppressing E-cadherin in IA adenocarcinomas (p = .031, r = 0.342) with no significance between Bak and E-cadherin or STAT3 and emerging correlation between E-cadherin and Bcl-xL in IB + II tumors instead (p = .003, r = 0.472). E-cadherin correlated with Bak and Bcl-xL in ER-positive adenocarcinomas (p = .002, r = 0.382 and p <.001, r = 0.439, respectively) but not in ER-negative tumors. In conclusion, expression deregulation of studied proteins is reflected in selective loss of correlation between suppressors of tumor growth (E-cadherin and Bak) presumably due to progressing impairment of growth-inhibitory properties of clone of neoplastic cells within higher staging and poorer differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Sulkowska
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- b Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Non-Public Health Care Unit , Kielce , Poland
| | - Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- c Department of Pathology , Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
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Woltanowski P, Wincewicz A, Sulkowski S. Protection of Children's Human Rights and Health: A Legacy of Julian Kramsztyk, Janusz Korczak, and Ludwik Rajchman. Glob Pediatr Health 2018; 5:2333794X17754157. [PMID: 29383326 PMCID: PMC5784459 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x17754157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tutor of generations of Warsaw medical doctors, Julian Kramsztyk (1851-1926) was son of Rabbi Izaak Kramsztyk, Polish patriot and fighter for independent Poland. Julian Kramsztyk graduated in medicine from Warsaw University in 1873 to soon work as a supervisor of the Internal Diseases Department of Bersohns and Baumans Children's Hospital from 1878 to 1910, and despite of refusing professorship from Imperial Warsaw University, he worked as a lecturer of pediatric disorders from 1880 with strong association of his medical practice with scientific and editorial tasks as well as engaging in charity. This article focuses on selective retrieval of biographical data of social and scientific achievements of followers of Julian Kramsztyk: his student, pioneer of children human rights, and pioneer of healthy patterns of nutrition of children, pediatrician Janusz Korczak (Henryk Goldszmit; 1878 or 1879-1942); and a skilled bacteriologist and a brilliant epidemiologist who was a prominent activist of the League of Nations (later United Nations Organization), cofounder of the UNICEF (United Nations Children's Emergency Fund), and the first chairman of the Organization from 1946 to 1950, which was primarily dedicated to "provide emergency food and health care to children in postwar time," Ludwik Rajchman (1881-1965). Janusz Korczak works laid foundation for international recognition of children rights to health, respect, education, privacy, and all the other human rights to be included in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). In 1989, nutrition and vaccination issues were the main medical interests of these medical doctors and still remain major fields of UNICEF actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Woltanowski
- Department of Public Finances and Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Nonpublic Health Care Unit (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Collegium Pathologicum, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Woltanowska M, Woltanowski P, Wincewicz A, Woltanowska M. Heritage of Stanisław Ostrowski - the only one medical doctor who became state Polish President - Patriae Semper Fidelis. Clujul Med 2018; 91:129-142. [PMID: 29440963 PMCID: PMC5808261 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our purpose was to write a biography of Stanisław Ostrowski that would address in the first place the medical aspect of his professional life, with a comprehensive approach of others fields of his activity. METHODS We essentially grounded the paper on primary resources that were papers authored by Ostrowski including his scientific publications, memories, speeches as well as contemporaneous official documents that referred to Ostrowski. Second resources were also used to double check some data from primary resources and to place the biography of Stanisław Ostrowski in a proper background with special care to social, professional and political context. In this study, second resources comprised papers, that were prepared after the death of Stanisław Ostrowski. RESULTS Stanisław Ostrowski, MD was a meticulous military medical doctor with an academic engagement at the King John Casimir University of Lvov. In addition, he was an excellent organizer, who soon got involved in politics to serve the local community with essential projects in public health particularly anti-tuberculosis campaigns in Lvov district. His quiet and proficient nature made him an ideal statesman with incredible skills to reconcile social, national and political enemies. Ostrowski was elected a member of parliament three times. He also held the position of President of the city of Lvov until World War Two. During the war, he was imprisoned and deported to Siberia, Soviet Union, in years 1939-1941. Subsequently he fought against Nazi Germans in the Polish II Corps. Ostrowski survived the war providing medical service in the various military units. Afterwards, he ran his medical practice in the UK. Stanisław Ostrowski was the only dermatologist who became a state president. He held an office of state president of the Polish Republic on exile in London. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION His life is not a simple story, but a great lesson that provides clear guidelines how to find a stable ground for lifetime being a medical doctor in the turbulent times of the 20th century even during wartime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Woltanowska
- Department of Family Medicine, Non Public Health Care Unit "IL-MED", Szudziałowo, Poland
| | - Piotr Woltanowski
- Department of Public Finances and Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Poland
| | - Magdalena Woltanowska
- Pawiak Prison Historical Museum in Warsaw, Director Emeritus of the Pawiak Prison Historical Museum in Warsaw, Poland
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Wolak P, Wincewicz A, Czauderna P, Spałek M, Kruczak A, Urbaniak-Wąsik S, Ryś J, Michalak E, Woltanowska M, Sulkowski S. Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor (clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract) of the small intestine in a 12-year-old boy. Dev Period Med 2018; 22:358-363. [PMID: 30636233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is a clinical and anatomopathological demonstration of a malignant lesion, a gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor (GNET), as an exceedingly rare cause of ileus in the pediatric population. Specifically, we present the case of a 12-year-old boy who showed dramatic weight loss, hypochromic anemia, fever, dehydration, exaggerated granulation of the terminal ileum, and mechanical ileus due to the obstruction by an intramural tumor of the small intestine. A 50cm-long part of the small intestine with pathological stricture was surgically removed, sampled and routinely fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The additional immunostains that were preformed were: PAS, S-100, HMB-45, NSE, LCA, CK AE1 / AE3, desmin, SMA, vimentin, CD99, NSE, synaptophysin, WT-1, calretinin, and DOG-1. Moreover, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with the EWSR1 Break Apart FISH Probe was applied. The neoplasm was composed of nests and alveolar patterns of frankly malignant clear cells with immunoreactivity to S-100, vimentin, and CD 99. The FISH technique detected chromosomal breaking at 22q12. The tumor metastasized to both the mesenteric lymph nodes and a number of hepatic segments. With several chemotherapy protocols, repeat laparotomies, and liver thermal ablations, the patient had a 1.5-year-long survival from the moment of diagnosis. The diagnosis of this malignancy requires both histopathological evaluation and molecular analysis, and the follow-up is based on careful clinical imaging of the neoplastic spread in order to apply proper surgical and oncological treatments. In conclusion, the clinical course of GNET was highly aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Wolak
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric and Social Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Urology and Traumatology, Voivodeship Specialist Hospital, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non-Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Czauderna
- Department of Surgery and Urology for Children and Adolescents, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Spałek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland, Department of Clinical Imaging, Holy Cross Center of Oncology, Kielce, Poland
| | - Anna Kruczak
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Center of Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Ryś
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Center of Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Michalak
- Department of Pathomorphology, National Research Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Wolak P, Wincewicz A, Porębska A, Sulkowski S, Wincewicz-Price A, Price J. Detailed analysis of research and practice in the life of a pediatric surgeon in East Central Europe in the 20th century - an example of prof. Zofia Umiastowska-Sawicka. Acta Med Hist Adriat 2017; 15:329-338. [PMID: 29402122 DOI: 10.31952/amha.15.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Professor Zofia Umiastowska Sawicka laid the foundations for modern pediatric surgery in Poland, first in Bialystok, and subsequently in Kielce. She was a student of Prof. Jan Kossakowski from Warsaw Medical University to be counted among his most talented and skilled disciples. Professor Umiastowska became the head of the first Department of Pediatric Surgery in Bialystok, which was later incorporated into the Medical Academy of Bialystok. In 1977 she moved to Kielce to run the Department of Pediatric Surgery until her retirement in 1991. In these locations she was the one who trained generations of pediatric surgeons with special emphasis on surgical management of exstrophy of the bladder, vaginal labial adhesion (synechia), injuries of the male urethra, liver and hepatic ligament. During her professional lifetime she focused on congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Meckel's diverticulum, and some aspects of pediatric oncology as well. Every school she attended enriched her with the best of knowledge and skills that made her a perfect teacher for others. However, the Warsaw Medical University essentially played the main role at the core of her surgical training: here she was taught and she learnt how to be pediatric surgeon for good of public health of the society in concord with the motto of the Warsaw Medical University: Saluti publicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Wolak
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Urology and Traumatology, Voivoidship, Wladyslaw Buszkowski Specialized Children’s Hospital in Kielce, Poland; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Non Public Health Care Unit, Kielce, Poland
E-mail:
| | - Anna Porębska
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Urology and Traumatology, Voivoidship, Wladyslaw Buszkowski Specialized Children’s Hospital in Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Jonathan Price
- Department of Philosophy of Law, Leiden University, Netherlands
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Wincewicz A, Sulkowski S. Stat proteins as intracellular regulators of resistance to myocardial injury in the context of cardiac remodeling and targeting for therapy. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2017; 26:703-708. [PMID: 28691428 DOI: 10.17219/acem/62693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The roles of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) proteins are widely discussed in relation to other agents like IFN-γ that are involved in cardiovascular diseases. STAT3 protects cardiomyocytes during endotoxic shock and ischemia and prolongs survival of these cells by activation of antiapoptotic genes like Bcl-2 and c-Fos. Moreover, IL-6 dependent expression of STAT3 is probably responsible for hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes. On the contrary, STAT1 mediates cell death by induction of caspase-1. STAT6 probably enhances cellular damage in myocardial infraction, which is significantly reduced in mice with the knockout STAT6 gene. Considering these facts, we attempted to review in this paper the role of STAT proteins in myocardial remodeling, highlighting STAT3 as a potent mediator of cardioprotection. Our review also aims to acquaint a broad audience of internal medicine practitioners with the STAT3-related molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic properties of such widely administered drugs as angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonists and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, such as losartan and lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist, Non-Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist, Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zaklad Patologii Spólka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland
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Woltanowska M, Wincewicz A. Stanisław Ostrowski, MD-The One State President Among Dermatologists in the World. JAMA Dermatol 2017; 153:161. [PMID: 30974460 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Woltanowska
- Non-Public Health Care Unit "IL-MED," Department of Family Medicine, Szudzialowo, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non-Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zaklad Patologii Spólka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Turek-Pietrzykowska M. Scientific and organizational achievements of Professor of Anatomy Henryk Kadyi - Rector Vigilantissimus Universitatis Leopoliensis. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017; 58:1623-1629. [PMID: 29556666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Henryk Kadyi (1851-1912) was educated in medicine at Jagiellonian and Vienna Universities, who deepened his studies in Leipzig to obtain associate professorship in descriptive anatomy at Alma Mater Cracoviensis, in 1878. He was elected Rector of Lvov University for years 1898-1899. Kadyi organized emerging Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Faculty of Medicine in Lvov. He equipped them with excellent anatomical facilities, e.g., remarkable collections of anatomical specimens. Kadyi worked out plans and such a detailed curriculum of higher studies in veterinary medicine, that it was raised to the ranks of academic discipline. He profoundly described accessory praehyoid and suprahyoid remnants of thyroid tissue and reasoned the anatomic term of arteria radicularis magna for artery of Adamkiewicz. Kadyi's social endeavors enabled women an access to higher education and university employment in 1895. His academic foresight, thrift and vigilance made Kadyi deserve a title of Rector Vigilantissimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zakład Patologii Spółka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Kowalik A, Zięba S, Sułkowski S, Góźdź S. Morphology with immunohistochemical and genetic profiling of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of colon - a case report with review of literature. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017; 58:655-663. [PMID: 28730258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a challenging case of a hepatic flexure colon tumor of 61-year-old woman with no primary lesion of lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry was applied and 50 genes were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The tumor contained medium to large size neoplastic cells with evident nucleoli to be diagnosed poorly differentiated neuroendocrine predominantly large cell carcinoma of colon [G3: World Health Organization (WHO) 2010] (pT3 N0: 7th edition pTNM). Cytokeratin (CK) AE1÷AE3 staining was predominantly membranous with partial distribution in "dot-like" pattern in perinecrotic cancer fields to be reminiscent of small cell carcinoma. Ki67 labeled over 90% of cancer cells with partial positive nuclear staining for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). Using NGS, the following mutations were detected: nonsense mutations in four tumor suppressor genes [APC R1114X (molecular argument that the cancer was a primary tumor of colon), TP53 R213X, RB1 E137X and FBWX7 R393X & S282X], mutations in three receptor tyrosine kinases (RET A919V of high transforming activity, EGFR E114K and FLT3 L601I) well known as oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zaklad Patologii Spolka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Moniuszko T, Wincewicz A, Koda M, Domysławska I, Sulkowski S. Role of periostin in esophageal, gastric and colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:783-787. [PMID: 27446351 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin, also known as osteoblast-specific factor 2, is a cell-adhesion protein with pleiotropic properties. The protein serves a vital role in the maintenance and development of tooth and bone tissue, in addition to cardiac development and healing. Periostin levels are increased in several forms of cancer, including pancreatic, ovarian, colon, lung, breast, gastric, thyroid, and esophageal head and neck carcinomas. The present review highlights the key role of periostin in tumorigenesis, particularly in increasing cell survival, invasion, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of carcinoma cells by interacting with numerous cell-surface receptors, including integrins, in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway. In addition, periostin actively affects the canonical Wnt signaling pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis. The current review focused on the involvement of periostin in the development of colorectal, esophageal and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Moniuszko
- Department of Respiratory Diagnostics and Bronchofiberoscopy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Świętokrzyskie 25-317, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Izabela Domysławska
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
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Wincewicz A. Pro Memoria. Professor Bolesław Jałowy (1906-1943): Mortui viventes obligant - the livings are obligated to the dead. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2016; 57:899-901. [PMID: 27833990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Professor Bolesław Jałowy (1906-1943) was a chairman of Department of Histology and Embryology at Faculty of Medicine of King John Casimir University (Polish: Universytet Jana Kazimierza: UJK) in Lvov. He succeeded Professor Władysław Szymonowicz (1869-1939) who held this position for decades. As the most skillful followers of his tutor, Bolesław Jałowy was a great investigator of physiology of human tissue, embryogenesis, histological consequences of female sex hormones on blood clotting action as well as regeneration of nerves in addition to description of silver staining technique for reticulin fibers of skin. He was a hard working person with gentle attitude to such a subtle matter as microscopic structure of human body. However, he happened to live in brutal conditions of nationalistic struggles. His example shows how much a dedicated scientist could do in a very short time as his life was tragically ended with murdering him during World War Two. His story is a great lesson for generations of academic workers how to meet high moral standards with efficient and creative scientific work in evil and destructive, nationalistic climate that occurs usually in wartime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Kowalik A, Zięba S, Góźdź S, Woltanowska M. Leiomyosarcoma FNCLCC G3 pT2B of broad ligament adherent to right oviduct - case report with molecular profiling. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2016; 57:1409-1414. [PMID: 28174812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a report of 61-year-old female patient. Uterus with left appendages was removed together with clinically tagged "tumor of right ovary" and then extensively sampled and routinely processed with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and some additional staining. There was discernible oviduct adherent to grayish, solid, polycyclic 22 cm in diameter focally necrotic tumor to be diagnosed high-grade conventional leiomyosarcoma FNCLCC (Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer) G3 pT2b, according to 7th edition pTNM, according to World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O): 8890÷3, in nearby of right oviduct. Grade of differentiation was given according to FNCLCC classification: grade 3 {point score: 6 = 1 [microscopically necrosis comprised 10% of the tumor] + 3 [high mitotic index eight mitoses÷one high-power field (HPF) in hot spots in HE slides; Ki67 labeled approximately 60% of tumor cells] + 2 [histopathological type: conventional leiomyosarcoma]}. The staging was more appropriate for pT2b (7th edition pTNM) for deeply seated sarcoma of soft tissues, in examined samples, there was no trace of microscopically evident ovarian texture) rather than pT1a for ovarian tumors. The tumor was alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive. Detected epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immuno-reactivity indicates a possible change in mesenchymal origin. Next generation sequencing revealed tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation C275Y (7577114 C>T). Each soft tissue malignancy should be carefully reported with appropriate choice of staging and precisely graded with internationally acknowledged classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit, Department of Pathology (NZOZ Zaklad Patologii Spólka z o.o.), Kielce, Poland; ,
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Lewitowicz P, Wincewicz A, Koziel D, Matykiewicz J, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Koda M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Gluszek S, Sulkowski S. Acardius acephalus fetus – report of distinctive anatomical anomalies with regards to pathophysiology of TRAP sequence. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog2013.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Lewitowicz P, Wincewicz A, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Matykiewicz J, Koziel D, Gluszek S, Koda M, Sulkowski S. Breast Cancer Cells are in Biopsy Channel in Postoperative Material from Mastectomies Preformed 3 days after Core Needle Biopsy (CNB) but They Do Not Persist at Biopsy Channel Apart from the Tumor after 10 Days from the CNB Procedure-a Study of seven Cases. Breast J 2015. [PMID: 26205645 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Lewitowicz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Agata Horecka-Lewitowicz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Matykiewicz
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Dorota Koziel
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Gluszek
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Kowalik A, Zięba S, Lewitowicz P, Góźdź S, Sulkowski S. α-Fetoprotein-Producing Hepatoid Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells and Neuroendocrine Differentiation: A Case Study With Molecular Profiling. Int J Surg Pathol 2015; 23:537-41. [PMID: 26009570 DOI: 10.1177/1066896915586807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the case of a 73-year-old woman with an ulcerated, advanced, hepatoid, and α-fetoprotein-producing poorly differentiated (G3) primary gastric adenocarcinoma pT3 N3a M1 with multinucleated cells and evident neuroendocrine component. This tumor was consistent with giant cell tumor type gastric carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs). The cancer was HER2 and E-cadherin negative, chromogranin A dispersedly and moderately positive, and strongly α-fetoprotein-positive with evident CK AE1/AE3 immunoreactivity, while OGCs expressed CD68. To provide an insight into the molecular background of this peculiar neoplasm, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to analyze the 50 most frequently mutated oncogenes and tumor suppressors. We detected mutations in the primary tumor in the following genes: KIT, EGFR, PTEN, ATM, and RB1. In the liver metastasis, we revealed mutations in 3 genes: PIK3CA, KIT, and CDKN2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland, Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist Kielce
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sebastian Zięba
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Lewitowicz
- Non Public Health Care Unit - Department of Pathology, Kielce, Poland, Specialist Medical Practice-Pathologist Kielce Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology Holy Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland Department of Prevention and Epidemiology of Neoplasms, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Collegium Pathologicum, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Lewitowicz P, Matykiewicz J, Głuszek S, Sulkowski S. Intramuscular high-grade myxofibrosarcoma of left buttock of 66-year-old male patient - approach to systematic histopathological reporting. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2015; 56:1523-1528. [PMID: 26743304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a systematic approach to histopathological reporting of high-grade myxofibrosarcoma of 66-year-old male patient. The tumor was biopsied with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) and then the whole myxoid tumor was excised with left musculus gluteus maximus. The lesion was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue, Masson's trichrome, Ki67, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), S100, CD34 and vimentin. FNA material grounded the diagnosis of non-epithelial neoplasia, while CNB was enough to produce diagnosis of myxoid sarcoma. The tumor lied under superficial fascia with no extension beyond deep fascia or any invasion of skin, vessels or nerves, either. The tumor was intramuscular, mainly myxoid with hypercellular areas of highly atypical cells with bizarre giant multinucleated cells that clearly belonged to category of high-grade sarcoma. According to Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), the case was assessed for 5 points. Ki67 index reached more than 80% malignant cells. Alcian blue was strongly positive in myxoid background. Masson's trichrome emphasized fibrillary structure of tumor. Negativity for S100, α-SMA with strong co-expression of CD34 and vimentin supported the diagnosis of myxofibrosarcoma. The lesion was diagnosed as high-grade myxo-fibrosarcoma (formerly myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma) G2 pT2b [7th edition pTNM (pathological tumor-node-metastasis), code ICD-O 8811/3 in World Health Organization (WHO) Classification 2013]. In approach to diagnosis of soft tissue malignancies, a strict sequence of procedures should be applied as only meticulous and ordered diagnostic pathway would succeed in and correct identification of a peculiar type of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland; ,
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Lewitowicz P, Wincewicz A, Koziel D, Matykiewicz J, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Koda M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Gluszek S, Sulkowski S. Acardius acephalus fetus--report of distinctive anatomical anomalies with regards to pathophysiology of TRAP sequence. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015; 42:814-818. [PMID: 26753494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Acardiac fetuses are consequences of twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP). Here the authors present a case of 40-year-old gravida IX who gave birth to a healthy, 2,900 g female child by a cesarean section. Additionally amorphic 1,020 g maldeveloped fetus was removed. There was a diamnion monochorionic type of twin placenta with incorrect single umbilical arteries (SUA) both in umbilical cord of healthy fetus and in atrophic second umbilical cord. A malformed fetus developed a rather well formed lower leg with four digital foot and oval shape amorphous body mass with omphalocele and eventration of the intestines. X-ray picture showed well visible metatarsal and femur bone and anatomically undefined bones cluster in the central part. A cavity of fetal body contained intestines--the only one well-formed organ, nests of heterotopic pilosebaceous residues, remnants of adrenal glands, well-formed ganglia, and nests of neural tissue covered by neuroepithelium.
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Sulkowska U, Wincewicz A, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowski S. Eventual proapoptotic or anti-apoptotic impact of aberrantly expressed Cx43 and Cx26 can depend on ER-alpha overexpression in human endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:604-8. [PMID: 26299454 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2015.1017811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) accumulations lead to impairment of gap junctional intercellular communication in endometrial cancer. The task of this study was to explore relationships of Cx26 and Cx43 with anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL and proapoptotic agent Bak in ER-alpha and PgR negative or variably positive endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Cx26, Cx43, Bak, Bcl-xL, PgR and ER-alpha were detected in 78 endometrioid adenocarcinomas with immunohistochemistry. There was a remarkable cellular re-distribution of Cx26 and Cx43 from normally membranous location in normal endometrium to aberrantly cytoplasmic expression in endometrioid adenocarcinomas, thus suggesting the decrease of functional membranous gap junctions in the malignancy. Bak failed to correlate with Cx43 regardless of either PgR or ER-alpha status of tumors, while Bcl-xL positively correlated with Cx43 in ER-alpha positive tumors (p = 0.001, r = 0.427) and both PgR positive (p = 0.019, r = 0.312) and negative (p = 0.015, r = 0.509) cancers. Similarly, Bcl-xL significantly associated with Cx26 in ER-alpha positive tumors (p = 0.036, r = 0.267) and both PgR positive (p = 0.026, r = 0.297) and negative (p = 0.046, r = 0.429) cancers. On the contrary, Bak exclusively correlated with Cx26 only in ER-alpha negative tumors (p = 0.027, r = 0.551). ER-alpha status of endometrioid adenocarcinomas could restrict eventual proapoptotic or anti-apoptotic impact of aberrantly expressed Cx43 and Cx26 in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Sulkowska
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- b Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland , and
| | - Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- c Department of Pathology , Maria Curie-Sklodowska Bialystok Oncology Center , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- a Department of General Pathomorphology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
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Wincewicz A, Lewitowicz P, Adamczyk-Gruszka O, Sulkowski S, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M. Coexistence of mature cystic teratoma and adenocarcinoma in situ within atypical proliferative mucinous tumour of ovary--a case report of 35-year-old woman. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2015; 36:206-209. [PMID: 26050362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Combined ovarian tumors are found in common pathologic practice due to amazing potential of ovarian tissue to copy almost every tissue of human body and imitate many neoplasms of various other organs in a very flexible way. A multicystic tumor is presented in this case report of 35-year-old woman. It consisted of a cyst with sebum and hair and cavities with papillomatous projections and mucus. The ovarian tumor was diagnosed a mature cystic teratoma presenting mainly as dermoid cyst and mucinous adenocarcinoma in situ, arising within atypical proliferative mucinous tumor. This report demonstrates how histoformative properties are reflected in ovarian tumorigenesis. Such a stunning histoformativity makes ovaries the possible site of primary origin for malignant tumors that mimic extra ovarian differentiation. In the authors' point of view, the diagnosis of primary ovarian mucinous tumor within cystic teratoma is firm, whenever simultaneous extraovarian involvement by mucinous neoplasm is excluded.
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Wolak P, Wincewicz A, Porębska A, Kozieł D, Wincewicz-Price A, Price J, Spałek M, Głuszek S, Sulkowski S. Life and work of professor Zofia Umiastowska-Sawicka in perspective of development of Polish pediatric surgery after World War Two - 'Hinc itur ad astra/thus one goes to the stars'. Int J Surg 2014; 12:1465-6. [PMID: 25448671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Wolak
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Urology and Traumatology, Voivoidship, Wladyslaw Buszkowski Memorial Specialized Children's Hospital in Kielce, Poland; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland; Kielce-Białystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Porębska
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Urology and Traumatology, Voivoidship, Wladyslaw Buszkowski Memorial Specialized Children's Hospital in Kielce, Poland
| | - Dorota Kozieł
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Jonathan Price
- Department of Philosophy of Law, Leiden University, Netherlands
| | - Michał Spałek
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University of Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona St 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Lewitowicz P, Wincewicz A, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Adamczyk-Gruszka O, Sulkowski S. Vulvar angiomyofibroblastoma--a case report of rare entity mimicking Bartholin cyst. Ginekol Pol 2014; 85:796-799. [PMID: 25546934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vulvar angiomyofibroblastoma is rare tumor of obscure histological origin. Here a case of 49-year old woman is described with this intriguing benign vulvar entity. The tumor developed at left vulvar labia and clinically imitated Bartholin cyst with clinical complaints of regional discomfort without pain. A macroscopic evaluation revealed well separated, encapsulated tumor of 3,5 cm in diameter. On cut surface the tumor was whitish, flesh, solid with myxoid appearance without any apparent cysts formation. There were alternating hypo- and hypercellular in the neoplasm. Microscopically the tumor comprised proliferation of small thin walled vessels that were surrounded with cuffs and islands of epithelioid, spindle and plasmacytoid cells with occasional vacuolization. Some aggregations of cells were quite dense and in such fields, vessels were compressed and ecstatic enough to mimic a bit haemangiopericytoma pattern. A production of myxoid intercellular matrix was seen in loose, hypocellular areas and was confirmed by positive pas-alcian blue stain that demonstrated prominent myxoid stroma and intracytoplasmatic globules of acid glicoproteins. The immunoprofile was remarkable enough to show strong expression of vimentin and desmin, while there was a lack of pan-keratin (CKAE1/3) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) immunoreactivities. Such an immunofentype is regarded to share some of myofibrolastic origin despite SMA negativity. Tumor cells seemed to sprout from perivascular regions giving an impression of accumulations strictly associated with neighbouring vascular branches. This configuration of cells is very often viewed as pericyte-like proliferation. Thus, our case of angiomyofibroblastoma is an example of tumor that probably derives from perivascular stem cells that acquire some of myoid features.
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Baltaziak M, Wincewicz A, Kanczuga-Koda L, Lotowska JM, Koda M, Sulkowska U, Baltaziak M, Podbielski M, Sobaniec-Lotowska ME, Sulkowski S. The relationships between hypoxia-dependent markers: HIF-1alpha, EPO and EPOR in colorectal cancer. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2014; 51:320-5. [PMID: 24497137 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.2013.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia triggers production of several cytoprotective proteins. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1α) is a powerful stimulator of transcription of many genes, including erythropoietin (EPO) in hypoxia-affected cells. Recent data have also implicated signaling by EPO receptor (EPOR) as a new factor influencing tumor progression. The aim of the study was to detect by immunohistochemistry the presence of HIF-1α, EPO and EPOR in colorectal cancer (CRC) in reference to clinicopathological variables. We found the presence of the studied proteins in specimens of all 125 CRC patients which is suggestive of the occurrence of hypoxia in colorectal cancer tissues. The expression of HIF-1α correlated significantly with the presence of EPO and EPOR in all samples (P < 0.001, r = 0.549 and P < 0.001, r = 0.536, respectively). Significant correlations (from P < 0.024 to P < 0.001) were found in the analyses of CRC subgroups such as histopathological type tumor, tumor grade, tumor stage and patients with lymph nodes metastases. The same high significant correlations (P < 0.001) were observed in group of sex, age and tumor location. However, the values of the correlation coefficients (r) which usually ranged from 0.5 to 0.6 suggest the existence of independent or concurrent mechanism stimulating generation of these proteins in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Baltaziak
- Department of General, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
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Kanczuga-Koda L, Wincewicz A, Fudala A, Abrycki T, Famulski W, Baltaziak M, Sulkowski S, Koda M. E-cadherin and β-catenin adhesion proteins correlate positively with connexins in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:1863-1870. [PMID: 24932249 PMCID: PMC4049722 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of solid cancers present with qualitative and quantitative aberrations of adhesion proteins, including E-cadherin and β-catenin, and connexin (Cx) gap junction proteins, which is consistent with alterations in the expression and location of such proteins in neoplastic cells. Since there are no data on the correlation between adhesion proteins and Cxs in human colorectal cancer (CRC), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression and correlation between these proteins. Tissue specimens were obtained from 151 cases of surgically removed colorectal adenocarcinomas. The samples were examined by immunohistochemistry with the use of antibodies against E-cadherin, β-catenin and the three Cxs: Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43. The aberrant expression of the studied adhesion proteins (primarily cytoplasmic for E-cadherin and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear for β-catenin) was observed, whereas only a minority of cases revealed normal membranous distribution of the labeling. The present study is the first in the literature to reveal a correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin and the examined Cxs in CRC in humans. The positive correlation between the Cxs, particularly Cx26 and Cx32, and the adhesive proteins occurred in patients without lymph node metastases and in the moderately differentiated tumors (G2). Such a dependency was not observed in the analysis of the correlation between Cx43 and E-cadherin. However, a positive correlation between these proteins was observed in patients with lymph nodes metastases. Additionally, a link between the expression of these adhesion proteins was observed. The present study indicates, for the first time, that the expression of adhesion proteins, E-cadherin and β-catenin, is closely associated with the expression of three studied Cxs in CRC, and that this correlation may improve an understanding of the carcinogenic process in this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Fudala
- Department of Cytopathology and Histopathology, Jedrzej Sniadecki Memorial Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Abrycki
- Department of Cytopathology and Histopathology, Jedrzej Sniadecki Memorial Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Waldemar Famulski
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center, Bialystok, Poland ; Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Baltaziak
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Lewitowicz P, Sulkowska U, Sulkowski S, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Koziel D, Gluszek S. Role of immunohistochemical and histochemical profiling in H&E-based diagnosis of scrotal leiomyosarcoma of dartos muscle. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2014; 51:339-42. [PMID: 24497140 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.2013.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Histochemical and immunohistochemical methods should often but not always complement standardized histopathologic procedures. Here, we illustrate use of these ancillary techniques in a report of scrotal leiomyosarcoma. 62-year-old male patient presented with a palpable, subcutaneous 2,5 cm wide tumor arising from dartos muscle. The tumor was diagnosed leiomyosarcoma G2 pT1b. Interestingly, the sarcomatous mass was focally strictly attached to convoluted, benign bundles of smooth muscles that were intermingled with tumor mass at peripheral, lateral and superior sides of the lesion. We have used immune- and histochemical methods to confirm histopathological findings based on H&E staining. As expected, in tumor cells smooth muscle actin and desmin were strongly immunopositive similarly as Masson trichrome staining, while S100 and CD34 antigens were immunonegative except for sustained positivity for CD34 in vessels. The auxiliary staining methods can provide additional information on the tumorigenesis of leiomyosarcoma. They can also serve to determine additional features of prognostic significance, since e.g. immunoreactivity of CD34 accurately maps vascular density of tumor and enables a careful assessment of vascular invasion in course of leiomyosarcoma as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland.
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Lewitowicz P, Wincewicz A, Horecka-Lewitowicz A, Matykiewicz J, Kozieł D, Głuszek S, Sulkowski S. Coexistence of renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type with sarcomatoid cell type component and adrenal mature ganglioneuroma with myelolipoma - a case of 69-year-old female patient. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2014; 55:425-432. [PMID: 24969996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This report presents a case of 69-year-old woman, who was operated due to renal tumor. Apart from renal neoplasm, the adjacent adrenal gland contained another one tumor in medulla of the organ. The renal lesion was diagnosed renal cell carcinoma, clear cell type with undifferentiated cell sarcomatoid component. The adrenal neoplasm was composed of wavy S100-positive, Schwann-like cells and dispersed chromogranin A-reactive ganglion cells to be consistent with mature ganglioneuroma. It was accompanied by coexistent myelolipoma that contained hematopoietic cells including clearly visible megakaryocytes and foci of fat. To our knowledge, our paper is the first to report sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid cell type component and mature adrenal ganglioneuroma with myelolipoma in the same patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Lewitowicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Holy Cross District, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Lewitowicz P, Urbaniak-Wąsik S, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Adamczyk-Gruszka O, Sulkowski S. Adenoid basal carcinoma-like tumor combined with invasive squamous cell carcinoma foci of uterine cervix - a case report of 55-year-old woman with literature review. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2014; 55:1225-1230. [PMID: 25607411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) of uterine cervix is an extraordinary example of carcinoma with both basal and glandular cell types. Here we present such a case of ABC combined with invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of 55-year-old woman. METHODS The tumor was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Mucicarmine, PAS/Alcian Blue, CK AE1/AE3, CK7, CD117 and Ki67. RESULTS The whitish-grey 1 cm in-depth infiltration of endocervix was composed of infiltrative coalescing areas of CK AE1/AE3 positive carcinoma with peripheral palisading of basal cell type with spaces lined by Mucicarmine- and Alcian Blue-positive benign looking, glandular epithelium. There were also foci of apparently malignant squamous epithelium with evident dyskeratosis. Thus, a lesion was diagnosed of adenoid basal carcinoma combined with invasive squamous cell carcinoma foci of uterine cervix. The tumor was further CD117 negative what favored diagnosis of ABC over adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). There were rare mitoses on HE slides but 60% of all tumor cells were positive for Ki67 that would partially contradict reported benign nature of ABC lesion. Moreover, tumor was CK7-positive and this finding was controversial and according to one report favored diagnosis of ABC-like adenosquamous carcinoma (ACC). Due to CK7 positivity and high index of Ki67, the neoplasm was re-classified as adenoid basal carcinoma-like tumor. CONCLUSIONS It seems reasonable to treat the patient in the same manner as in case of pure simple invasive squamous cell carcinoma because much more aggressive, minor component of invasive SCC was found within ABC in our case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce, Poland; ,
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Wincewicz A, Urbaniak-Wąsik S, Woltanowska M, Sulkowska U, Koda M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Sulkowski S, Zamenhof PL, Lewitowicz P, Kozieł D, Głuszek S. Comparison of primarily diet-modifiable intestinal factors, connexin 43 and E-cadherin with TP53 and TGFB1 in colorectal cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 2013; 60:1053-7. [PMID: 23803369 DOI: 10.5754/hge11162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Primarily, a diet (particularly dietary lipids and vitamins) can reversibly modify intestinal expressions of a few factors like connexin 43 (Cx43), E-cadherin (Cdh1), TP53 and TGFB1 with a special impact on immunity and mutagenesis. Malignant phenotype constitutes a diet-resistant signal streaming with engagement of these molecules which are generated in autonomous ways in colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY We aimed to compare adhesion proteins: (Cx43) and Cdh1 with TP53 and TGFB1 in colorectal adenocarcinomas. GJA1P1 and Cdh1 with TP53 and TGFB1 were detected with immunohistochemistry in the study of 106 colorectal adenocarcinomas. RESULTS There was aberrant cytoplasmic expression instead of membranous one of Cx43 and Cdh1 reflecting constitutive destruction of intercellular ties while TP53 showed nuclear expression and TGFB1 accumulated in the cytoplasm. TP53 did not correlate with Cx43 (r=0.083, p=0.397) but correlated with Cdh1 (r=0.199, p=0.041). Cdh1 associated with TGFB1 reaching almost statistical significance (r=0.188, p=0.054), while TGFB1 correlated with Cx43 (r=0.359, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS The consequent and constant impairment of cancer intercellular communication seems to engage correlated with each other expressions of Cx43 and TGFB1 in colorectal cancer cells.
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Wincewicz A, Baltaziak M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowska U, Famulski W, Sulkowski S. STAT3 and apoptosis regulators: Bak and Bcl-xL in endometrioid adenocarcinomas of different estrogen receptor-α immunoprofile. Gynecol Endocrinol 2011; 27:536-40. [PMID: 21726118 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2010.507286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) is a major feature of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. It has a significant impact on constitution of estrogen-responsiveness of this endometrial malignancy, in which STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) becomes hyperactivated. The aim of our study was to detect immunohistochemically and compare expressions of STAT3 with apoptosis regulators (Bak and Bcl-xL) in regard to different pathological features and variably pronounced ER-α immunoprofile in 78 endometrioid adenocarcinomas. STAT3 was abundantly detected in nuclei of cancer cells in 54 cases, thus pointing at its activation as an universal nuclear transcriptional factor. Bcl-xL and Bak were expressed in cytoplasm of malignant cells in 62 and 20 cancers, respectively. STAT3 correlated both with Bcl-xL (p = 0.001, r = 0.365) and Bak (p < 0.001, r = 0.436) in all of endometrioid adenocarcinomas and variably in different subgroups of these tumours segregated in regard to grading, staging and patients' age. Remarkably, only ER-α positive cancers retained these correlations in opposition to ER-α negative tumours with negativity defined as an immunoreactivity below 10%. ER-α receptor probably enhances interactions between STAT3 and Bcl-xL to be present in statistically significant manner. Presence of ER-α receptor seems to be crucial for relationships among Bcl-xL and STAT3 to occur in endometrioid adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center and Medical University of Bialystok, Ogrodowa 12, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland.
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Wincewicz A, Baltaziak M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowska U, Sulkowski S. GLUT1 and Bcl-xL in relation to erythropoietin in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. Hepatogastroenterology 2010; 57:741-745. [PMID: 21033220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS GLUT1 and EPO belong to so called hypoxia-associated markers, which exert cytoprotective actions in the hypoxia suffering cells. In oxygen deficiency Bcl-xL can also be upregulated. METHODOLOGY Therefore, we detected with immunohistochemistry and compared EPO with expressions of GLUT-1 and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL in 125 colorectal cancers. EPO correlated with GLUT-1 in all colorectal cancers (p < 0.001, r = 0.369). EPO expressions also associated with Bcl-xL (p < 0.001, r = 0.591) in all colorectal cancers. RESULTS EPO correlated with GLUT-1 and Bcl-xL in subgroups of different nodal status, grading, staging, histopathological type, tumor site, patients' age and gender. However, the statistically significant relationship between EPO and GLUT-1 or Bcl-xL was lost in case of shallower neoplastic extent (pT1+pT2), but it was sustained in subgroup of deeper invading cancers (pT3+pT4) (p < 0.001, r = 0.355 and p < 0.001, r = 0.585, respectively). CONCLUSIONS High expression of hypoxia dependent proteins (EPO, GLUT-1) indicates hypoxia of examined tissues of colorectal cancers. Cooperation may be reflected among the studied proteins by correlations between hypoxia dependent proteins (EPO vs. GLUT-1). Concerning functional significance of these investigated factors, subsequent promotion of cell survival could be maintained thanks to mutual impact of EPO and Bcl-xL on cellular viability in hypoxic environment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Ogrodowa 12, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland.
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Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowski S, Wincewicz A, Zalewski B, Sulkowska M. Gradual loss of functional gap junction within progression of colorectal cancer -- a shift from membranous CX32 and CX43 expression to cytoplasmic pattern during colorectal carcinogenesis. Hum Gene Ther 2010. [PMID: 20133984 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2009.1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was the assessment of expression and location of CX32 and CX43 in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas as well as analysis of expression of these proteins in association with clinical and pathological features of tumors and evaluation of mutual relationships between CX32 and CX43. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 151 primary colorectal carcinoma and 71 colorectal adenomas. The control group comprised 30 colon samples. Connexins were detected with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There was a lack of membranous distribution of connexins or a shift from moderately membranous immunoreactivity to predominantly cytoplasmic accumulation of CX32 and CX43 in studied colon tumors. Mentioned alterations were found in adenomas and augmented in cancer. Expression of Cx32 was significantly associated with grading of colorectal cancer, implicating a role of intracellular CX32 in regulation of tumor growth and differentiation. A strong correlation was present between CX32 and CX43 in node-positive cases and absent from node-negative ones. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our study is the first illustration for a gradual loss of functional gap junctions within progression of colorectal neoplasia. An intracellular location of connexins, the site of their common and the most frequent detection within cancer cells in our study may be of significance. Independently of its role in functional gap-junctions, cytoplasmic CX32 could be involved in cancer differentiation, resulting in a higher rate of CX32 positive moderately differentiated tumors (G3) than poorly differentiated CX32-positive ones (G3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Collegium Pathologicum, Waszyngtona St. 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Kanczuga-Koda L, Koda M, Sulkowski S, Wincewicz A, Zalewski B, Sulkowska M. Gradual loss of functional gap junction within progression of colorectal cancer -- a shift from membranous CX32 and CX43 expression to cytoplasmic pattern during colorectal carcinogenesis. In Vivo 2010; 24:101-7. [PMID: 20133984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was the assessment of expression and location of CX32 and CX43 in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas as well as analysis of expression of these proteins in association with clinical and pathological features of tumors and evaluation of mutual relationships between CX32 and CX43. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 151 primary colorectal carcinoma and 71 colorectal adenomas. The control group comprised 30 colon samples. Connexins were detected with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There was a lack of membranous distribution of connexins or a shift from moderately membranous immunoreactivity to predominantly cytoplasmic accumulation of CX32 and CX43 in studied colon tumors. Mentioned alterations were found in adenomas and augmented in cancer. Expression of Cx32 was significantly associated with grading of colorectal cancer, implicating a role of intracellular CX32 in regulation of tumor growth and differentiation. A strong correlation was present between CX32 and CX43 in node-positive cases and absent from node-negative ones. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, our study is the first illustration for a gradual loss of functional gap junctions within progression of colorectal neoplasia. An intracellular location of connexins, the site of their common and the most frequent detection within cancer cells in our study may be of significance. Independently of its role in functional gap-junctions, cytoplasmic CX32 could be involved in cancer differentiation, resulting in a higher rate of CX32 positive moderately differentiated tumors (G3) than poorly differentiated CX32-positive ones (G3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Kanczuga-Koda
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Collegium Pathologicum, Waszyngtona St. 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Wincewicz A, Lebard Zamenhof P, Zaleski-Zamenhof MW, Zaleski-Zamenhof LK, Lieberman J, Zamenhof R, Grzybowski A, Sulkowska M, Sulkowski S. Language and medicine in the Zamenhof family. Acta Med Hist Adriat 2010; 8:287-292. [PMID: 21192117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Zamenhof family is famous for Dr Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof (1859-1917), who created the artificial language Esperanto and who initiated a social movement for peace and against any sort of discrimination. Ludwik was an ophthalmologist. Adam, Leon, Alexander, and Julian Zamenhof were medical doctors and noted surgeons, while Sophia Zamenhof was a paediatrician. Ludwik Zamenhof often referred to the biblical story of the Tower of Babel, in which diversity of languages was the punishment for builders who were arrogant and uncaring. With the help of Esperanto, the Zamenhofs metaphorically wanted to overcome the curse of Babel and restore the sense of human unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Memorial Bialystok Oncology Center, Ogrodowa, Poland.
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Lesniewicz T, Kanczuga-Koda L, Baltaziak M, Jarzabek K, Rutkowski R, Koda M, Wincewicz A, Sulkowska M, Sulkowski S. Comparative evaluation of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression with connexins 26 and 43 in endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2009; 19:1253-7. [PMID: 19820388 DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181a40618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression of numerous neoplasms could involve alterations of gap junction channels composed of connexins (Cxs). Disorders of expression and cellular displacement of Cxs were also found in endometrial cancer. Gap junctional intercellular communication can be regulated by wide array of agents, for instance, growth factors, oncogenes, and steroid hormones. Nevertheless, expressions of Cxs and progesterone receptor (PR) were not compared in human tissues. This study focused on assessment of expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and PRs in relation to the expression of Cx26 and Cx43 in 88 cases of endometrial cancer and analysis of these proteins' expression in comparison with anatomoclinical features. Positive ERalpha and PR nuclear staining was present in 66 (75%) and 60 (68.2%) of all studied tumors, respectively. Positive correlation was found between expression of PR and histopathologic type of tumor (P = 0.026), and negative correlation was drawn with grading (G) (P = 0.002). There were positive reactions to Cx26 and Cx43 of mainly cytoplasmic location in 60 (68.2%) and 66 (75%) of studied cancers, respectively. Progesterone receptor expression correlated negatively with Cx26 in endometrial cancers (P = 0.016, r = -0.256). Moreover, ERalpha expression positively correlated with PR expression (P < 0.001, r = 0.678). On the ground of our findings, disorders of Cx expression and altered distribution pattern occur during endometrial carcinogenesis, and it seems that PR could participate in this fact. Loss of functional gap junctions may occur because of the aberrant expression and localization of Cx26 and Cx43 in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Lesniewicz
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona, Bialystok, Poland
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Baltaziak M, Koda M, Wincewicz A, Sulkowska M, Kanczuga-Koda L, Sulkowski S. Relationships of P53 and Bak with EPO and EPOR in human colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res 2009; 29:4151-4156. [PMID: 19846965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EPO (erythropoietin) counteracts p53-dependent apoptosis. EPO, which acts via its receptor EPOR, protects cells and inhibits apoptosis in normal cells and some cancer tissues by severe down-regulation of Bak. We aimed to investigate the relationship between p53 and Bak expression and EPO and EPOR in human colorectal carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of p53 was compared with Bak, EPO and EPOR in 96 colorectal carcinomas by means of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Purely nuclear p53 was significantly higher expressed in the moderately differentiated cancers in comparison with the poorly differentiated ones (p=0.007). P53 expression did not correlate with cytoplasmic markers: Bak, EPO and EPOR, but EPO and EPOR were significantly associated with Bak expression (p<0.001, r=0.524 and p<0.001, r=0.455, respectively). p53 expression was not associated with disease-free survival during the 3 years and 9 months long follow-up. CONCLUSION A complete disruption of association between p53 and Bak could impair of p53-dependent apoptotic pathway that involves Bak. The relationship of Bak with EPO and EPOR is evidence of their co-expression suggesting competition between EPO mediated cell survival and Bak associated apoptosis in colorectal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Baltaziak
- Department of General, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona St 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Abstract
Growth inhibitory function of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is abolished in colorectal cancer cells as a consequence of mutations of various downstream signaling agents, such as p53, which fail to respond to TGF-beta1 stimulation. TGF-beta1 could also suppress T-cell-mediated anticancer immunity. We aimed at a comparison between cancer expressions of apoptosis regulators, such as p53, BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma extra-long protein (Bcl-xL), with TGF-beta1 in malignant and adjacent inflammatory cells in immunohistochemical evaluations of 108 colorectal cancers. Cytoplasm compartment of cancer cells was overloaded with TGF-beta1, and 87% of all cancers were TGF-beta1 positive (94/108). A very strong pattern of staining was detected for TGF-beta1 in cytoplasm of inflammatory cells at tumor margins. TGF-beta1 correlated with Bcl-xL and Bax in all colorectal cancers (P < 0.001, r= 0.473 and P < 0.001, r= 0.435, respectively) and subgroups of different clinicopathological features, especially in deeply invading cancers (pT3+pT4) instead of superficially growing tumors (pT1+pT2). Expression of TGF-beta1 in inflammatory infiltrates correlated with immunoreactivities to Bcl-xL of cancer cells (P= 0.024, r= 0.217). TGF-beta1 did not associate with p53, nor did TGF-beta1 of inflammatory cells correlate with Bax expression in cancer cells. Lack of correlations between TGF-beta1 and p53 proteins could indicate mutations at the TGF-beta1-dependent apoptotic pathway. Dominant positive linkage between TGF-beta1 and Bcl-xL and selective lack of association with Bax suggest TGF-beta1 could support colorectal cancer cell survival. The pattern of correlations seems to confirm a remarkable shift from TGF-beta1-dependent suppression of cancer growth by apoptosis to inhibition of anticancer immunity by TGF-beta1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislaw Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Collegium Pathologicum, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Sulkowska M, Wincewicz A, Sulkowski S, Koda M, Kanczuga-Koda L. Relations of TGF-beta1 with HIF-1 alpha, GLUT-1 and longer survival of colorectal cancer patients. Pathology 2009; 41:254-60. [PMID: 19142800 DOI: 10.1080/00313020802579318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND METHODS During colorectal carcinogenesis, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) undergoes a functional change from suppression of cancer cell proliferation to inhibition of T cell mediated anti-cancer immunity. We aimed to evaluate relations among TGF-beta1 and cancer cell survival factors hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) by immunohistochemistry in 108 colorectal cancers. RESULTS TGF-beta1 was detected in 87% (94/108), HIF-1 alpha in 85% (92/108), and GLUT-1 in 65% (70/108) of colorectal cancers. Not only did TGF-beta1 accumulate in cytoplasm of cancer cells but also there was strong immunoreactivity to TGF-beta1 in adjacent inflammatory cells. GLUT-1 was visualised in a membranous fashion while HIF-1 was expressed in a paranuclear pattern and occasionally in nuclei of malignant cells. Cancer immunoreactivities to TGF-beta1 correlated with HIF-1 alpha (p < 0.001, r = 0.516) and GLUT-1 (p < [corrected] 0.001, r = 0.355) in general and subgroups of different clinicopathological traits. TGF-beta1 expressions of inflammatory infiltrates correlated with longer patient survival (p = 0.05, r = 0.449) and immunoreactivities to HIF-1 alpha of cancer cells (p = 0.008, r = 0.254) particularly in node positive and deeply invading cancers but failed to associate significantly with GLUT-1. CONCLUSIONS HIF-1 alpha and GLUT-1 could cooperate with TGF-beta1, and TGF-beta1 might mediate cross-talk between the inflammatory environment and tumour with a favourable impact on patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Sulkowska
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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