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Ding F, Liu X, Hu Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zhao Y. Association between ambient temperature, PM 2.5 and tuberculosis in Northwest China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38153391 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2299236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Existing evidence suggested that the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection was associated to the variations in temperature and PM2.5. A total of 9,111 cases of TB were reported in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China from 2013 to 2015 on a daily basis, and 57.2% of them were male. The TB risk was more prominent for a lower temperature in males (RR of 1.724, 95% CI: 1.241, 2.394), the aged over 64 years (RR of 2.241, 95% CI: 1.554, 3.231), and the high mobility occupation subpopulation (RR of 2.758, 95% CI: 1.745, 4.359). High concentration of PM2.5 showed a short-term effect and was only associated with an increased risk in the early stages of exposure for the female, and aged 36-64 years group. There were 15.06% (1370 cases) of cases of TB may be attributable to the temperature, and 2.94% (268 cases) may be attributable to the increase of PM2.5 exposures. Low temperatures may be associated with significantly increase in the risk of TB, and high PM2.5 concentrations have a short-term association on increasing the risk of TB. Strengthening the monitoring and regular prevention and control of high risk groups will provide scientific guidance to reduce the incidence of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xianglong Liu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zengyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Weichen Liu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Shi J, Chi C, Gong X, Chen C, Yu W, Huang J, Zhou L, Chen N, Yang Y, Liu Q, Wang Z. Examining health disparities and characteristics in general practice utilization: based on outpatient data from 2014 - 2018 in Shanghai. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2020; 21:74. [PMID: 32349689 PMCID: PMC7190008 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-01146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2000, China has been developing primary care institutions to serve as the gateway to the healthcare system. However, the investment of resources in primary care institutions is not based on the actual medical demands of the public. This study analysed primary care utilization to provide targeted guidance for the improvement of primary healthcare delivery in China. METHODS We extracted outpatient visit data from all community healthcare centres in Shanghai from 2014 to 2018. Diseases were then classified according to ICD-10 codes. The disease spectrum (frequency, proportion, rank) was stratified by sex, age, and region. RESULTS Most primary care outpatients were female (58.20%), 60-79 years old (57.91%), and in suburban regions (62.18%). Chronic diseases accounted for the majority (91.41%). Hypertension, chronic ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, and acute upper respiratory tract infections were the top four disorders for primary care visits regardless of sex. In the group aged 0-18 years, symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified accounted for 37.96% of the top 20 reasons. Acute upper respiratory tract infections were the most common diseases in the groups aged 0-18 (11.20%) and 19-39 (11.14%) years. However, hypertension was the most common disease in the group aged > 39 years old (> 20%). There were more outpatients with respiratory and digestive diseases in suburban areas than in urban areas. In addition, problems associated with medical equipment and other healthcare deficiencies were relatively more common in suburban areas (suburban: 4.13%, rank 5; urban: 2.29%, rank 10). CONCLUSIONS To meet the patients' needs and to develop the primary care system, the Shanghai government should focus on diseases with regionally high proportions. Disease diagnosis and treatment should be improved in the younger and suburban populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, 200025 China
- Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090 China
| | - Chunhua Chi
- General Practice Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Xin Gong
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Pengpuxincun Community Health Service Center, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Wenya Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jiaoling Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Liang Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ning Chen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Economics & Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Economics & Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Zhaoxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, 200025 China
- General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528244 China
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He M, Ichinose T, Ito T, Toriba A, Yoshida S, Kaori S, Nishikawa M, Sun G, Shibamoto T. Investigation of inflammation inducing substances in PM2.5 particles by an elimination method using thermal decomposition. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1137-1148. [PMID: 31318498 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The substances associated with PM2.5-induced inflammatory response were investigated using an elimination method. PM2.5 were heated at temperatures of 120, 250, and 360°C. The results demonstrated microbial substances such as LPS and b-glucan, and chemicals including BaP, 1,2-NQ, and 9,10-PQ were reduced drastically in PM2.5 heated at 120°C. On the other hand, DBA, 7,12-BAQ, and BaP-1,6-Q were not noticeably reduced. Most of these substances had disappeared in PM2.5 heated at 250°C and 360°C. Metals (eg, Fe, Cu, Cr, Ni) in PM2.5 exhibited a slight thermo-dependent increase. RAW264.7 macrophages with or without NAC were exposed to unheated PM2.5, oxidative stress-related and unrelated inflammatory responses were induced. PM2.5-induced lung inflammation in mice is caused mainly by thermo-sensitive substances (LPS, b-glucan, BaP, 1,2-NQ, 9,10-PQ, etc.). Also, a slight involvement of thermo-resistant substances (DBA, 7,12-BAQ, BaP-1,6-Q, etc.) and transition metals was observed. The thermal decomposition method could assist to evaluate the PM2.5-induded lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshida
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan
| | - Sadakane Kaori
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan
| | - Masataka Nishikawa
- Environmental Chemistry Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Guifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California
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Tian L, Yang C, Zhou Z, Wu Z, Pan X, Clements ACA. Spatial patterns and effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on hospitalization for chronic lung diseases in Beijing, China. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1381-1388. [PMID: 30671885 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer (LC) and tuberculosis (TB) are common chronic lung diseases that generate a large disease burden and significant health care resource use in China. The aim of this study was to quantify spatial patterns and effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on hospitalization of COPD, LC and TB in Beijing. Daily counts of hospitalization for 2010 were obtained from the Beijing Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) system. Bayesian hierarchical Poisson regression models were applied to identify spatial patterns of hospitalization for COPD, LC and TB at the district level and explore associations with inhalable particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter <10 μm, PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), mean temperature and relative humidity. There were 18,882, 14,295 and 2,940 counts of hospitalizations for COPD, LC and TB respectively, in Beijing in 2010. Clusters of high relative risk were in different locations for the three diseases. The effect of relative humidity on COPD hospitalization was most significant with a relative risk (RR) of 1.070 (95%CI: 1.054, 1.086) per one percent increase. For lung cancer hospitalization, exposure to ambient SO2 was associated with a RR of 1.034 (95%CI: 1.011, 1.058) per μg m-3 increase. For tuberculosis, the effect of mean temperature was significant with a RR of 1.107 (95%CI: 1.038, 1.180) per °C increase. Risk factors and spatial patterns were different for hospitalization of non-infectious and infectious chronic lung disease in Beijing. Even over a short time period (one year), associations were apparent with air pollution and meteorological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute for Packaging Materials and Pharmaceutical Excipients Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100150, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ziting Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaochuan Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Archie C A Clements
- Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Qld, 4006, Australia
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Liu CW, Lee TL, Chen YC, Liang CJ, Wang SH, Lue JH, Tsai JS, Lee SW, Chen SH, Yang YF, Chuang TY, Chen YL. PM 2.5-induced oxidative stress increases intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in lung epithelial cells through the IL-6/AKT/STAT3/NF-κB-dependent pathway. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:4. [PMID: 29329563 PMCID: PMC5767014 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that ambient air pollution is closely associated with increased respiratory inflammation and decreased lung function. Particulate matters (PMs) are major components of air pollution that damages lung cells. However, the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study examines the effects of PMs on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and the related mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. RESULT The cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and monocyte adherence to A549 cells were more severely affected by treatment with O-PMs (organic solvent-extractable fraction of SRM1649b) than with W-PMs (water-soluble fraction of SRM1649b). We observed a significant increase in ICAM-1 expression by O-PMs, but not W-PMs. O-PMs also induced the phosphorylation of AKT, p65, and STAT3. Pretreating A549 cells with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, attenuated O-PMs-induced ROS generation, the phosphorylation of the mentioned kinases, and the expression of ICAM-1. Furthermore, an AKT inhibitor (LY294002), NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11-7082), and STAT3 inhibitor (Stattic) significantly down-regulated O-PMs-induced ICAM-1 expression as well as the adhesion of U937 cells to epithelial cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was the most significantly changed cytokine in O-PMs-treated A549 cells according to the analysis of the cytokine antibody array. The IL-6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab (TCZ) and small interfering RNA for IL-6 significantly reduced ICAM-1 secretion and expression as well as the reduction of the AKT, p65, and STAT3 phosphorylation in O-PMs-treated A549 cells. In addition, the intratracheal instillation of PMs significantly increased the levels of the ICAM-1 and IL-6 in lung tissues and plasma in WT mice, but not in IL-6 knockout mice. Pre-administration of NAC attenuated those PMs-induced adverse effects in WT mice. Furthermore, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had higher plasma levels of ICAM-1 and IL-6 compared to healthy subjects. CONCLUSION These results suggest that PMs increase ICAM-1 expression in pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo through the IL-6/AKT/STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Lin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - June-Horng Lue
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Shiun Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Complementary and Integrated Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Department of Health and Welfare, No.1492, Zhongshan Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Department of Health and Welfare, No.1492, Zhongshan Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec 1, Ren-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Jin X, Su R, Li R, Cheng L, Li Z. Crucial role of pro-inflammatory cytokines from respiratory tract upon PM 2.5 exposure in causing the BMSCs differentiation in cells and animals. Oncotarget 2018; 9:1745-1759. [PMID: 29416728 PMCID: PMC5788596 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter exposure may cause health risk, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC), a typical model for evaluating pollutant toxicity, has been closely linked to these diseases, due to its characteristics of differentiation. We therefore studied the BMSCs differentiation and its roles in inflammatory activation in the respiratory tract upon PM2.5 exposure using both in vitro and in vivo models. BMSCs differentiation into endothelial-like cells (ELCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts cells (CAFs) was enhanced in response to conditioned medium from PM2.5-treated 16HBE cells. PM2.5 elevated inflammatory cytokines' expression and secretion in 16HBE cells. However, induction of differentiation markers was reduced when IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2 neutralizing antibodies were added to the conditioned medium. Furthermore, PM2.5 induced ROS formation and NADPH oxidase (NOX) expression in 16HBE cells. DPI (inhibitor of ROS from NOX) or NAC (inhibitor of ROS) supplement reduced PM2.5-induced inflammatory activation and BMSCs differentiation. Likewise, a concomitant disorder of mitochondrial morphology and respiratory chain was observed. In addition, Rot or AA (inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I or III) supplement restored PM2.5-induced toxic effects. Moreover, the results coincided with the in vitro data obtained from SD rats post-exposed to different doses of PM2.5 for 30 days. PM2.5 enhanced the BMSCs differentiation and inflammatory cytokines' expression in respiratory organs of SD rats, including lung and trachea tissue. This study uncovers that PM2.5 promotes the BMSCs differentiation via inflammatory activation mediated by ROS induction from NOX and mitochondria in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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He M, Ichinose T, Yoshida S, Ito T, He C, Yoshida Y, Arashidani K, Takano H, Sun G, Shibamoto T. PM2.5-induced lung inflammation in mice: Differences of inflammatory response in macrophages and type II alveolar cells. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:1203-1218. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health; China Medical University; Shenyang 110122 China
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Oita 870-1201 Japan
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Oita 870-1201 Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshida
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Oita 870-1201 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
| | - Cuiying He
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine; University of Occupational and Environmental Health; Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine; University of Occupational and Environmental Health; Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Keiichi Arashidani
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine; University of Occupational and Environmental Health; Fukuoka 807-8555 Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8530 Japan
| | - Guifan Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health; China Medical University; Shenyang 110122 China
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
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Song Y, Wan X, Bai S, Guo D, Ren C, Zeng Y, Li Y, Li X. The Characteristics of Air Pollutants during Two Distinct Episodes of Fireworks Burning in a Valley City of North China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168297. [PMID: 28045925 PMCID: PMC5207441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The elevation and dissipation of pollutants after the ignition of fireworks in different functional areas of a valley city were investigated. Methods The Air Quality Index (AQI) as well as inter-day and intra-day concentrations of various air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, O3) were measured during two episodes that took place during Chinese New Year festivities. Results For the special terrain of Jinan, the mean concentrations of pollutants increased sharply within 2–4 h of the firework displays, and concentrations were 4–6 times higher than the usual levels. It took 2–3 d for the pollutants to dissipate to background levels. Compared to Preliminary Eve (more fireworks are ignited on New Year’s Eve, but the amounts of other human activities are also lesser), the primary pollutants PM2.5, PM10, and CO reached higher concentrations on New Year’s Eve, and the highest concentrations of these pollutants were detected in living quarters. All areas suffered from serious pollution problems on New Year’s Eve (rural = urban for PM10, but rural > urban for PM2.5). However, SO2 and NO2 levels were 20%–60% lower in living quarters and industrial areas compared to the levels in these same areas on Preliminary Eve. In contrast to the other pollutants, O3 concentrations fell instead of rising with the firework displays. Conclusion Interactions between firework displays and other human activities caused different change trends of pollutants. PM2.5 and PM10 were the main pollutants, and the rural living quarter had some of the highest pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Wan
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuoxin Bai
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ci Ren
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yirui Li
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Hu LW, Lawrence WR, Liu Y, Yang BY, Zeng XW, Chen W, Dong GH. Ambient Air Pollution and Morbidity in Chinese. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1017:123-151. [PMID: 29177961 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5657-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The rapid economic growth in China is coupled with a severe ambient air pollution, which poses a huge threat to human health and the sustainable development of social economy. The rapid urbanization and industrialization over the last three decades have placed China as one of countries with the greatest disease burden in world. Notably, the prevalence rate of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CND), including respiratory diseases, CVD, and stroke, in 2010 reaches 16.9%. The continuous growth of the incidence of CND urgent needs for effective regulatory action for health protection. This study aims to evaluate the impact of rapid urbanization on status of ambient air pollution and associated adverse health effects on the incidence and the burden of CND and risk assessment. Our findings would be greatly significant in the prediction of the risk of ambient air pollution on CND and for evidence-based policy making and risk management in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Hu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wayne R Lawrence
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12144-3445, USA
| | - Yimin Liu
- Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health Effects, Guangzhou Key Medical Discipline of Occupational Health Guardianship, Guangzhou Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Li R, Zhao L, Tong J, Yan Y, Xu C. Fine Particulate Matter and Sulfur Dioxide Coexposures Induce Rat Lung Pathological Injury and Inflammatory Responses Via TLR4/p38/NF-κB Pathway. Int J Toxicol 2016; 36:165-173. [PMID: 28033732 DOI: 10.1177/1091581816682225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are 2 common air pollutants, but their toxicological effects of coexposure are still not fully clear. In this study, SO2 exposure (5.6 mg/m3) couldn't cause obvious inflammatory responses in rat lungs. The PM2.5 exposure (1.5 mg/kg body weight) increased inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and some inflammation damage. Importantly, SO2 and PM2.5 (1.5, 6.0, and 24.0 mg/kg) coexposure induced pathological and ultrastructural damage and raised inflammatory cells in BALF compared with the control. Also, they significantly elevated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecule, and nitric oxide (NO) and promoted the gene expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rat lungs treated with higher dose of PM2.5 (6.0 and 24.0 mg/kg) plus SO2 relative to the control or SO2 group, along with the decreased inhibitor of NF-κBα and increased inhibitor of NF-κB kinase β expressions. The changes in the inflammatory markers in the presence of PM2.5 plus SO2 were not significant compared with the PM2.5 group. The results indicated that inflammatory injury and pathological and ultrastructural damage in rat lungs exposed to PM2.5 plus SO2 were involved in TLR4/p38/NF-κB pathway activation accompanied by oversecretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine, adhesion molecule, and NO. It provides more useful evidence to understand the possible toxicological mechanism that PM2.5 and SO2 copollution exacerbate lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- 1 Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- 1 Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Tong
- 1 Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchao Yan
- 1 Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Xu
- 1 Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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He M, Ichinose T, Yoshida S, Shiba F, Arashidani K, Takano H, Sun G, Shibamoto T. Differences in allergic inflammatory responses in murine lungs: comparison of PM2.5 and coarse PM collected during the hazy events in a Chinese city. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:706-718. [PMID: 27919164 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2016.1260185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (PM) is associated with an increase in asthma. PM2.5 (<PM2.5 μm) and coarse PM (CPM: PM2.5-PM10 μm) were collected from the air in a Chinese city during haze events. The amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were higher in PM2.5 than in CPM. Conversely, microbial elements LPS and β-glucan were much higher in CPM than in PM2.5. Concentrations of Si, Al, Fe, and Ti in CPM were greater than in PM2.5, while Pb, Cu and As concentrations were lower than in PM2.5. When RAW264.7 cells were treated with PM2.5 and CPM, the pro-inflammatory response in the cells was associated with the microbial element levels and attenuated partly by both polymyxin B (PMB) and N-acetylcystein (NAC). The expression of the oxidative stress response gene heme oxygenase1 was associated with PAHs levels. The exacerbating effects of the two-types of PM on murine lung eosinophilia were compared to clarify the role of toxic materials. When BALB/c mice were intratracheally instilled with PM2.5 or CPM (total 0.4 mg) + ovalbumin (OVA), both exacerbated lung eosinophilia along with allergy-relevant biological indicators, such as OVA-specific IgE in serum; enhancement of lung pathology when compared with counterpart samples without OVA. The exacerbating effects were greater in microbial element-rich CPM than in organic chemical-rich PM2.5. These results indicate that microbial elements have more potently exacerbating effects on the development of lung eosinophilia than do organic chemicals. In addition, oxidative stress and transition metals might be associated with the exacerbation of this negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- a School of Public Health, China Medical University , Shenyang , China.,b Department of Health Sciences , Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Oita , Japan
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- b Department of Health Sciences , Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Oita , Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshida
- b Department of Health Sciences , Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Oita , Japan
| | - Fumiko Shiba
- b Department of Health Sciences , Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Oita , Japan
| | - Keiichi Arashidani
- c Department of Immunology and Parasitology , School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- d Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan , and
| | - Guifan Sun
- a School of Public Health, China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- e Department of Environmental Toxicology , University of California , Davis , CA , USA
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