1
|
Tay AYW, Goh GS, Thever Y, Yeo NEM, Koo K. Impact of pes planus on clinical outcomes of hallux valgus surgery. Foot Ankle Surg 2022; 28:331-337. [PMID: 33888397 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pes planus is associated with hallux valgus development. This study evaluated the impact of pes planus on clinical outcomes following hallux valgus surgery. METHODS 191 patients underwent Scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus. Pes planus angles including talonavicular coverage angle, lateral talus-first metatarsal angle (Meary's angle) and lateral talocalcaneal angle were measured. The cohort was stratified into control (0°-4.0°), mild (4.1°-14.9°), moderate (15.0°-30.0°) and severe (> 30.0°) pes planus groups according to Meary's angle. Clinical outcomes were compared at baseline, 6 months and 24 months. RESULTS There were 78 controls, 95 mild and 18 moderate cases of pes planus. Meary's angle was independently associated with preoperative hallux valgus angle. Pes planus angles were not associated with pain, AOFAS, SF-36 physical or mental scores. All three groups had similar clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION Compared to patients with neutral foot arches, those with pes planus presented with more severe hallux valgus deformity but had similar clinical outcomes following surgical correction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriel You Wei Tay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
| | - Graham S Goh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yogen Thever
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Kevin Koo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; The Bone and Joint Centre, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muscogiuri G, Pugliese G, Laudisio D, Castellucci B, Barrea L, Savastano S, Colao A. The impact of obesity on immune response to infection: Plausible mechanisms and outcomes. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13216. [PMID: 33719175 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging data suggest an association between obesity and infectious diseases. Although the mechanisms underlying this link are not well established, a number of potential factors may be involved. Indeed, the obesity-related vulnerability to infectious diseases could be due to chronic low-grade inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia, which lead to a weakening of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, obesity results in anatomical-functional changes by the mechanical obstacle of excessive adipose tissue that blunt the respiratory mechanisms and predisposing to respiratory infections. Subjects with obesity are also at risk of skin folds and sweat more profusely due to the thick layers of subcutaneous fat, favoring the proliferation of microorganisms and slowing the repair of wounds down. All these factors make subjects with obesity more prone to develop nosocomial infections, surgical site, skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and mycosis. Furthermore, infections in subjects with obesity have a worse prognosis, frequently prolonging hospitalization time as demonstrated for several flu viruses and recently for COVID-19. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the current clinical evidence on the associations between obesity and infectious diseases highlighting physio pathological insights involved in this link.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Bianca Castellucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vignes S, Poizeau F, Dupuy A. Cellulitis risk factors for patients with primary or secondary lymphedema. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2021; 10:179-185.e1. [PMID: 33957278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb lymphedema is a chronic disease with primary and secondary forms, with the latter occurring essentially after cancer treatment. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the cellulitis frequency and its associated risk factors for patients with primary or secondary limb lymphedema. METHODS Information from all 1991 patients referred to a specialized lymphedema center from January to June 2018 was collected, including previous cellulitis episodes and the clinical and lymphedema characteristics. RESULTS Of the 1846 patients whose information could be analyzed, 695 (37.6%) had experienced one or more cellulitis episodes, and 23.3% had had recurrent cellulitis. Cellulitis occurred in 39.5%, 30.5%, and 38.6% (P = .02) of the patients with secondary upper limb, secondary lower limb, and primary lower limb lymphedema, respectively. The corresponding duration of lymphedema was 106.5, 97, and 243.1 months. For secondary upper limb lymphedema, a long interval from lymphedema onset to the first consultation at our specialized center, younger age at lymphedema onset, and the use of radiotherapy were independently associated with cellulitis. However, axillary lymph node excision, the use of chemotherapy, and segmentation of the upper limb lymphedema were not associated with cellulitis. A longer interval from lymphedema onset to the first consultation and lymph node excision were associated with cellulitis in those with lower limb secondary lymphedema but higher body mass index and younger age at lymphedema onset were not. For primary lower limb lymphedema, male sex, greater body mass index, and younger age at lymphedema onset were associated with cellulitis. CONCLUSIONS Different risk factors for cellulitis were identified for patients with lymphedema at risk. Awareness of those factors is important for physicians to recognize lymphedema promptly and refer patients to specialized centers to optimize treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Vignes
- Department of Lymphology, Referral Center for Rare Vascular Diseases, Cognacq-Jay Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Poizeau
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France; EA 7449 REPERES (Pharmacoepidemiology and Health Services Research), Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Dupuy
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France; EA 7449 REPERES (Pharmacoepidemiology and Health Services Research), Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hirt PA, Castillo DE, Yosipovitch G, Keri JE. Skin changes in the obese patient. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 81:1037-1057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
5
|
Lipner SR, Scher RK. Onychomycosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 80:835-851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
6
|
Abstract
The prevalence of onychomycosis has been estimated at approximately 6.48% (95% confidence interval 6.09–6.88%) within the Canadian population. Dermatophytes are the most commonly cultured organisms, appearing in approximately 75 to 91% of nails with fungal involvement, with Trichophyton rubrum and Tricophyton mentagrophytes most commonly isolated. However, Candida spp and nondermatophyte molds are also sometimes cultured. The most common presentation is distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO), which can involve 75% of patients with pedal onychomycosis. The distribution of DLSO, superficial white onychomycosis, and proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) has been reported to be 360:59:1 in patients with mycologic confirmation of onychomycosis; however, some reported that the incidence of PSO is slightly higher in immunocompromised individuals. Age, gender, family history, and the presence of tinea pedis are all elements associated with a nail fungal infection. In addition, many conditions, including diabetes mellitus, immune disorders, and vascular disease, have been associated with the presence of onychomycosis. When choosing the best treatment regimen for individuals with onychomycosis, it is very important to consider all of the factors involved, including the infecting species, the presentation of the disease, the level of disease progression, and its predisposing factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald B. Vender
- From Dermatrials Research, Hamilton, ON; McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; Lynderm Research Inc., Markham, ON; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; and Laval University, Quebec City, PQ
| | - Charles W. Lynde
- From Dermatrials Research, Hamilton, ON; McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; Lynderm Research Inc., Markham, ON; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; and Laval University, Quebec City, PQ
| | - Yves Poulin
- From Dermatrials Research, Hamilton, ON; McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; Lynderm Research Inc., Markham, ON; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; and Laval University, Quebec City, PQ
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wong JH, Lau KM, Wu YO, Cheng L, Wong CW, Yew DTW, Leung PC, Fung KP, Hui M, Ng TB, Lau CBS. Antifungal mode of action of macrocarpal C extracted from Eucalyptus globulus Labill (Lan An) towards the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Chin Med 2015; 10:34. [PMID: 26594235 PMCID: PMC4654844 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-015-0068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (Lan An) have been used in Chinese medicine for many years to treat dermatomycosis. Macrocarpal C was isolated from this herb and identified as its major antifungal component by bioassay-guided purification. This study aims to investigate the antifungal activity of macrocarpal C against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, which can cause tinea pedis. Methods Fresh leaves of E. globulus were extracted with 95 % ethanol, and the resulting ethanolic extracts were dried before being partitioned with n-hexane. The n-hexane layer was then subjected to chromatographic purification to give macrocarpal C. The antifungal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of macrocarpal C was determined using the standard M38-A2 method described by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The mode of action of macrocarpal C was elucidated using three in vitro assays, including (1) a fungal membrane permeability test using SYTOX® Green; (2) a reactive oxygen species (ROS) production test using 5-(and-6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate as a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe; and (3) a DNA fragmentation test based on terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) detection. Terbinafine hydrochloride and nystatin were used as positive controls. Results The suppression in the growth of T. mentagrophytes following its treatment with macrocarpal C was associated with an increase in the permeability of the fungal membrane (P = 0.0043 when compared to control); an increase in the production of intracellular ROS (P = 0.0063); and the induction of apoptosis as a consequence of DNA fragmentation (P = 0.0007). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the antifungal action of macrocarpal C was associated with increases of membrane permeability, intracellular ROS and DNA fragmentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Yu-On Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Ling Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - David Tai-Wai Yew
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Mamie Hui
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Tzi-Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chan HH, Wong ET, Yeung CK. Psychosocial perception of adults with onychomycosis: a blinded, controlled comparison of 1,017 adult Hong Kong residents with or without onychomycosis. Biopsychosoc Med 2014; 8:15. [PMID: 25057286 PMCID: PMC4107486 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0759-8-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A survey was conducted amongst 1,017 Hong Kong residents ages 18 and over to determine their knowledge of fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) and the psychosocial impact of the disease on the relationships, social lives and careers of sufferers. Methods The Fungal Nail Perception Survey was conducted by email and online between May 29th and June 10th, 2013. Participants were shown three photographs of people with and without onychomycosis of the toenails. Respondents were asked ten questions (repeated for each picture) to ascertain their perceptions of the people in the pictures. Questions were related to perceptions around the ability of sufferers and non-sufferers to form relationships with others, social activities of sufferers and non-sufferers, perceptions of the effect of the disease on the potential for career success, and awareness of fungal nail disease and health. The sub-population who themselves suffered from onychomycosis were asked about self-perception as well as their perception of others with onychomycosis. Results Compared with non-sufferers, survey respondents perceived those with onychomycosis as less likely to be able to form good relationships. They also indicated that they would be more likely to exclude sufferers than non-sufferers from social activities and that they would be more likely to feel uncomfortable when sitting or standing beside an infected person than beside an uninfected person. Respondents perceived people with onychomycosis to be less able to perform well in their chosen career than with someone without onychomycosis. Interestingly, those respondents who themselves were infected felt socially excluded, upset and embarrassed by their infection. Conclusions Onychomycosis may lead to stigmatization and social exclusion. Misconceptions of onychomycosis are high and education about the disease needs to be improved. Early recognition and treatment of the disease is essential to avoid complications and improve treatment outcomes, which would lead to reduced psychosocial impact on those with fungal nail infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Hl Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Emma T Wong
- 4B, Valiant Commercial Building, 22-24 Prat Avenue, TsimShaTsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Keung Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nakagami G, Takehara K, Kanazawa T, Miura Y, Nakamura T, Kawashima M, Tsunemi Y, Sanada H. The prevalence of skin eruptions and mycoses of the buttocks and feet in aged care facility residents: A cross-sectional study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2014; 58:201-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Sigurgeirsson B, Baran R. The prevalence of onychomycosis in the global population: a literature study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:1480-91. [PMID: 24283696 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis is a common disorder, and high prevalence figures are commonly cited in the literature. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the prevalence of onychomycosis based on published studies. METHODS Relevant studies were identified in Medline by using specific search criteria. RESULTS Eleven population-based and 21 hospital-based studies were identified. The mean prevalence in Europe and North America was 4.3% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.9-6.8] in the population-based studies, but it was 8.9% (95% CI: 4.3-13.6) for the hospital-based studies. Both population-based and hospital-based studies showed that onychomycosis is more common in toenails and is seen more frequently in males. The main causative agent was a dermatophyte in 65.0% (95% CI: 51.9-78.1) of the cases. Trichophyton rubrum was the single most common fungus and was cultured on average in 44.9% of the cases (95% CI: 33.8-56.0). Moulds were found on average in 13.3% (95% CI: 4.6-22.1) and yeasts in 21.1% (95% CI: 11.0-31.3). LIMITATIONS We may not have been able to locate all studies. CONCLUSIONS Onychomycosis is a common disorder, but it may not be as common as cited in the literature, because hospital-based studies might overestimate the prevalence of onychomycosis. It is more frequent in males, and toenails are more commonly affected. Dermatophytes, particularly T. rubrum, are the main causative agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sigurgeirsson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chan HYL, Lee DTF, Leung EMF, Man CW, Lai KM, Leung MW, Wong IKY. The Effects of a Foot and Toenail Care Protocol for Older Adults. Geriatr Nurs 2012; 33:446-53. [PMID: 22683110 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Y L Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lau KM, Fu LH, Cheng L, Wong CW, Wong YL, Lau CP, Han SQB, Chan PKS, Fung KP, Lau CBS, Hui M, Leung PC. Two antifungal components isolated from Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli by bioassay-guided purification. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2011; 38:1005-14. [PMID: 20821830 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x10008421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli have long been used as Chinese medicines to treat various ailments such as asthma, eczema and dermatomycosis. In previous studies, their antifungal activities were demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to isolate active antidermatophytic compounds from their ethanolic extracts by means of bioassay-guided purification. Guided by the inhibitory activities on Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Paecilomyces variotii, bakuchiol was isolated from the n-hexane fraction of Fructus Psoraleae whilst macrocarpal C was isolated from the n-hexane fraction of Folium Eucalypti Globuli. Both pure compounds could effectively inhibit the growth of dermatophytes in vitro. This is the first paper to report the isolation and identification of active antidermatophytic compounds from Fructus Psoraleae and Folium Eucalypti Globuli by the bioassay-guided purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khalil GM, Al Shobaili HA, Alzolibani A, Al Robaee A. Relationship between obesity and other risk factors and skin disease among adult Saudi population. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2011; 86:56-62. [PMID: 21844760 DOI: 10.1097/01.epx.0000398942.36374.5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is accused for a wide spectrum of dermatologic diseases; no previous follow-up study has been conducted to investigate these conditions in adult male and female Saudi population. OBJECTIVES To describe obesity pattern using BMI and to assess the association between obesity and certain skin diseases among adult Saudi population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 2-year duration was conducted. The study sample was randomly selected from dermatology clinics at Qassim. Male cohorts were 61 obese adults and 48 nonobese adults. Female cohorts were 32 obese adults and 36 nonobese adults. Measurement of BMI, waist-hip ratio, fasting glucose, blood pressure, and dermatological examination was performed. RESULTS Skin disease incidence was significantly increased among exposed rather than nonexposed cohorts with a relative risk of 2.3 in male cohort and 2.3 in female cohort. Acanthosis nigricans and striae distensae incidence increased in exposed men and women with highly significant difference from nonexposed groups. Skin tag incidence significantly increased in the exposed male cohorts only but not the female cohort. Hirsutism, dry skin, pruritis, and planter keratosis all showed nonsignificant differences. The most frequently reported infections in obese men were tinea pedis (18%), intertrigo (14.7%), and bacterial folliculitis (13.1%) with significant difference. BMI was the only risk factor that regresses on skin disease occurrence in study groups. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Our study linked incidence of acanthosis nigricans and striae distensae to obesity in both female and male adult population but showed sex difference for other skin diseases, which raised many questions and requires further longer duration follow-up studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M Khalil
- aDepartment of Public Health, Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt bDepartments of Public Health cDermatology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kiraz N, Metintas S, Oz Y, Koc F, Koku Aksu EA, Kalyoncu C, Kasifoglu N, Cetin E, Arikan I. The prevalence of tinea pedis and tinea manuum in adults in rural areas in Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2010; 20:379-386. [PMID: 20853199 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2010.484861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of tinea pedis and manuum (dermatophyte infections of the hands and feet) in adults in rural areas of Turkey, the risk factors and self-administered treatment options. A total of 2,574 people living in a rural area were enrolled in the study. Participants were asked demographic data, hygienic habits in a questionnaire. KOH preparations and culture were performed from suspicious lesions. Medical and alternative therapy methods and former dermatophytosis diagnosis history were taken from the respondents with suspicious lesions. Microbiological samples were taken from 285 (11.1%) participants. Culture was positive in 109 (4.2%) of those. The most common agent was Trichophyton rubrum. The predisposing factors were found as age older than 40, male gender and obesity. Forty-nine (44.9%) of patients had taken a medical therapy, 56 (51.4%) had performed non-medical methods (cologne, Lawsonia inermis-Henna and softener creams). Patient's education about the treatment compliance is important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Kiraz
- Department of Microbiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim S, Ahn J, Choi S, Lee Y. [Geriatric foot problems and related factors in two provinces of Korea]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2010; 40:161-71. [PMID: 20453563 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2010.40.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors and clinical meanings of geriatric foot problems and to suggest implications for the future. METHODS One hundred eighty nine elderly aged 60 and over from institution as well as community were investigated for their foot conditions by means of a questionnaire including general characteristics, self care capacity, risk factors, foot problem checklist, X-ray, podoscopy and foot scan. Descriptive statistics and X(2)-test was performed as appropriate utilizing SPSS version 14. Less than .05 of p-value was adopted as statistical significance level. RESULTS All subjects had at least one kind of foot problem and the most prevalent ones were nail problems, foot deformities in order. Prevalence of foot pain and edema was relatively low. CONCLUSION Foot problem in elderly is prevalent and geriatric foot is expected to emerge as one of the most important problems in the geriatric field. Therefore strategies to deal with geriatric foot should be developed and practiced for better quality of life in later life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinmi Kim
- Department of Nursing, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wenczl E. Skin manifestations, treatment and rehabilitation in overweight and obesity. Orv Hetil 2009; 150:1731-8. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2009.28693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A túlsúly, az elhízás népbetegség Magyarországon és a nyugati világban. Igen fontos hangsúlyozni, hogy a kövérség betegség és egy lényeges rizikófaktor számos bőr- és egyéb betegséget tekintve. Az obesitas okozta és az általa súlyosbított bőrbetegségek (acathosis nigricans, acrochordonok, keratosis pilaris, hyperandrogenismus, striák, adiposis dolorosa, nyiroködéma, krónikus vénás elégtelenség, plantaris hyperkeratosis, lipödéma, bőrinfekciók, acne inversa, psoriasis, köszvényes csomók) áttekintése segít minket abban, hogy nézzünk és lássunk is. Fokozottan figyeljünk a bőrinfekciók lehetőségére, mert ez segíti a korai felismerést, a szövődmények elkerülését, és hívjuk fel a páciensek figyelmét a bőrkezelés preventív jelentőségére. Kövér páciens esetén a legtöbb helyi vagy szisztémás kezelés alkalmazásakor a megszokott adagolás módosítása szükséges. Gondolnunk kell arra is, hogy az elhízás közvetlenül vagy közvetve szinte minden szervrendszerben előnytelen folyamatokat indít el, ezért csak egy multidiszciplináris ellátástól remélhető az obes beteg gyógyítása és rehabilitációja. A rehabilitációnak gyakran része a bőrgyógyászati és lymphologiai gondozás.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Wenczl
- 1 Fővárosi Önkormányzat Egyesített Szent István és Szent László Kórház és Rendelőintézet Bőrgyógyászati és Lymphológiai Rehabilitációs Osztály Budapest Nagyvárad tér 1. 1095
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yosipovitch G, DeVore A, Dawn A. Obesity and the skin: Skin physiology and skin manifestations of obesity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56:901-16; quiz 917-20. [PMID: 17504714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Revised: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Obesity is widely recognized as an epidemic in the Western world; however, the impact of obesity on the skin has received minimal attention. The purpose of this article is to highlight the association between obesity and dermatologic conditions. We review the impact of obesity on the skin, including skin physiology, skin manifestations of obesity, and dermatologic diseases aggravated by obesity. Obesity is responsible for changes in skin barrier function, sebaceous glands and sebum production, sweat glands, lymphatics, collagen structure and function, wound healing, microcirculation and macrocirculation, and subcutaneous fat. Moreover, obesity is implicated in a wide spectrum of dermatologic diseases, including acanthosis nigricans, acrochordons, keratosis pilaris, hyperandrogenism and hirsutism, striae distensae, adiposis dolorosa, and fat redistribution, lymphedema, chronic venous insufficiency, plantar hyperkeratosis, cellulitis, skin infections, hidradenitis suppurativa, psoriasis, insulin resistance syndrome, and tophaceous gout. We review the clinical features, evidence for association with obesity, and management of these various dermatoses and highlight the profound impact of obesity in clinical dermatology. LEARNING OBJECTIVE After completing this learning activity, participants should be aware of obesity-associated changes in skin physiology, skin manifestations of obesity, and dermatologic diseases aggravated by obesity, and be able to formulate a pathophysiology-based treatment strategy for obesity-associated dermatoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Yosipovitch
- Departments of Dermatology, Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Obesity increases morbidity and mortality through its multiple effects on nearly every human system. However, the various aspects of the association between obesity and infection have not been reviewed. Thus, we reviewed the relevant literature focusing on clinical aspects of this association. Obesity has a clear but not yet precisely defined effect on the immune response through a variety of immune mediators, which leads to susceptibility to infections. Data on the incidence and outcome of specific infections, especially community-acquired infections, in obese people are so far limited. The available data suggest that obese people are more likely than people of normal weight to develop infections of various types including postoperative infections and other nosocomial infections, as well to develop serious complications of common infections. Large prospective studies are required to further define the burden of infectious morbidity and mortality conferred by obesity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Garrow AP, Silman AJ, Macfarlane GJ. The Cheshire Foot Pain and Disability Survey: a population survey assessing prevalence and associations. Pain 2004; 110:378-84. [PMID: 15275789 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2003] [Revised: 04/05/2004] [Accepted: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous foot studies have consistently reported high prevalence estimates in self-reported foot disorders. Few population studies, however, have attempted to assess the impact of foot problems in terms of pain and disability so that the burden associated with foot pain is unknown. A cross-sectional postal survey was conducted on a random community sample of 4780 individuals with 3417 (84%) responding. Subjects reporting foot pain in the past month, current pain and marking one item on the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index were classified as having disabling foot pain. Those with disabling foot pain and a random sample with no symptoms (matched for age and gender) received a follow-up interview and standardised foot examination. Self-reported nail problems, corns and callosities, swollen feet, foot deformities and recent foot injuries were found to be associated with disabling foot pain. Foot disability was also associated with pain in the shoulder, axial skeleton, hip/upper leg and knee along with other indicators of poor general health. Clinician diagnosed foot problems associated with disabling foot pain were swollen feet, knee and foot joint tenderness. Only 36% of persons with disabling foot pain received professional foot treatment in the 6 months preceding the survey. The results showed that 323/3417 (9.5%) reported symptoms of disabling foot pain and that this condition is likely to be multi-factorial in origin. Further work is necessary to understand more about the extent and type of unmet need and on how patients presenting with symptoms of disabling foot pain should best be managed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Garrow
- Diabetes Foot Clinic, Disablement Services Centre, Withington Hospital, Cavendish Road, Manchester M20 1LB, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|