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Dottermusch M, Biabani A, Lempertz T, Schumann Y, Navolic J, Godbole S, Obrecht D, Frank S, Dorostkar MM, Voß H, Schlüter H, Rutkowski S, Schüller U, Neumann JE. Integrated proteomics spotlight the proteasome as a therapeutic vulnerability in embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:935-949. [PMID: 38158710 PMCID: PMC11066909 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) are rare malignant embryonal brain tumors. The prognosis of ETMR is poor and novel therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. Comprehension of ETMR tumor biology is currently based on only few previous molecular studies, which mainly focused on the analyses of nucleic acids. In this study, we explored integrated ETMR proteomics. METHODS Using mass spectrometry, proteome data were acquired from 16 ETMR and the ETMR cell line BT183. Proteome data were integrated with case-matched global DNA methylation data, publicly available transcriptome data, and proteome data of further embryonal and pediatric brain tumors. RESULTS Proteome-based cluster analyses grouped ETMR samples according to histomorphology, separating neuropil-rich tumors with neuronal signatures from primitive tumors with signatures relating to stemness and chromosome organization. Integrated proteomics showcased that ETMR and BT183 cells harbor proteasome regulatory proteins in abundance, implicating their strong dependency on the proteasome machinery to safeguard proteostasis. Indeed, in vitro assays using BT183 highlighted that ETMR tumor cells are highly vulnerable toward treatment with the CNS penetrant proteasome inhibitor Marizomib. CONCLUSIONS In summary, histomorphology stipulates the proteome signatures of ETMR, and proteasome regulatory proteins are pervasively abundant in these tumors. As validated in vitro, proteasome inhibition poses a promising therapeutic option in ETMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dottermusch
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ali Biabani
- Section of Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tasja Lempertz
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yannis Schumann
- Chair for High Performance Computing, Helmut-Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jelena Navolic
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shweta Godbole
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denise Obrecht
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Frank
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario M Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Section of Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section of Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Children’s Cancer Research Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia E Neumann
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Qiu C, Arora P, Malik I, Laperuta AJ, Pavlovic EM, Ugochukwu S, Naik M, Kaplan CD. Thiolutin has complex effects in vivo but is a direct inhibitor of RNA polymerase II in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2546-2564. [PMID: 38214235 PMCID: PMC10954460 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiolutin is a natural product transcription inhibitor with an unresolved mode of action. Thiolutin and the related dithiolopyrrolone holomycin chelate Zn2+ and previous studies have concluded that RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) inhibition in vivo is indirect. Here, we present chemicogenetic and biochemical approaches to investigate thiolutin's mode of action in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We identify mutants that alter sensitivity to thiolutin. We provide genetic evidence that thiolutin causes oxidation of thioredoxins in vivo and that thiolutin both induces oxidative stress and interacts functionally with multiple metals including Mn2+ and Cu2+, and not just Zn2+. Finally, we show direct inhibition of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription initiation by thiolutin in vitro in support of classical studies that thiolutin can directly inhibit transcription in vitro. Inhibition requires both Mn2+ and appropriate reduction of thiolutin as excess DTT abrogates its effects. Pause prone, defective elongation can be observed in vitro if inhibition is bypassed. Thiolutin effects on Pol II occupancy in vivo are widespread but major effects are consistent with prior observations for Tor pathway inhibition and stress induction, suggesting that thiolutin use in vivo should be restricted to studies on its modes of action and not as an experimental tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Payal Arora
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Indranil Malik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mandar Naik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Craig D Kaplan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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3
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Xiong J, Pang X, Song X, Yang L, Pang C. The coherence between PSMC6 and α-ring in the 26S proteasome is associated with Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1330853. [PMID: 38357597 PMCID: PMC10864545 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1330853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder. Its hallmarks involve abnormal proteostasis, which triggers proteotoxicity and induces neuronal dysfunction. The 26S proteasome is an ATP-dependent proteolytic nanomachine of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and contributes to eliminating these abnormal proteins. This study focused on the relationship between proteasome and AD, the hub genes of proteasome, PSMC6, and 7 genes of α-ring, are selected as targets to study. The following three characteristics were observed: 1. The total number of proteasomes decreased with AD progression because the proteotoxicity damaged the expression of proteasome proteins, as evidenced by the downregulation of hub genes. 2. The existing proteasomes exhibit increased activity and efficiency to counterbalance the decline in total proteasome numbers, as evidenced by enhanced global coordination and reduced systemic disorder of proteasomal subunits as AD advances. 3. The synergy of PSMC6 and α-ring subunits is associated with AD. Synergistic downregulation of PSMC6 and α-ring subunits reflects a high probability of AD risk. Regarding the above discovery, the following hypothesis is proposed: The aggregation of pathogenic proteins intensifies with AD progression, then proteasome becomes more active and facilitates the UPS selectively targets the degradation of abnormal proteins to maintain CNS proteostasis. In this paper, bioinformatics and support vector machine learning methods are applied and combined with multivariate statistical analysis of microarray data. Additionally, the concept of entropy was used to detect the disorder of proteasome system, it was discovered that entropy is down-regulated continually with AD progression against system chaos caused by AD. Another conception of the matrix determinant was used to detect the global coordination of proteasome, it was discovered that the coordination is enhanced to maintain the efficiency of degradation. The features of entropy and determinant suggest that active proteasomes resist the attack caused by AD like defenders, on the one hand, to protect themselves (entropy reduces), and on the other hand, to fight the enemy (determinant reduces). It is noted that these are results from biocomputing and need to be supported by further biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinping Pang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghu Song
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaoyang Pang
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Hu S, Zhang Y, Yi Q, Yang C, Liu Y, Bai Y. Time-resolved proteomic profiling reveals compositional and functional transitions across the stress granule life cycle. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7782. [PMID: 38012130 PMCID: PMC10682001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are dynamic, membrane-less organelles. With their formation and disassembly processes characterized, it remains elusive how compositional transitions are coordinated during prolonged stress to meet changing functional needs. Here, using time-resolved proteomic profiling of the acute to prolonged heat-shock SG life cycle, we identify dynamic SG proteins, further segregated into early and late proteins. Comparison of different groups of SG proteins suggests that their biochemical properties help coordinate SG compositional and functional transitions. In particular, early proteins, with high phase-separation-propensity, drive the rapid formation of the initial SG platform, while late proteins are subsequently recruited as discrete modules to further functionalize SGs. This model, supported by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence imaging, provides a conceptual framework for the compositional transitions throughout the acute to prolonged SG life cycle. Additionally, an early SG constituent, non-muscle myosin II, is shown to promote SG formation by increasing SG fusion, underscoring the strength of this dataset in revealing the complexity of SG regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Yi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiwei Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Hunt LC, Pagala V, Stephan A, Xie B, Kodali K, Kavdia K, Wang YD, Shirinifard A, Curley M, Graca FA, Fu Y, Poudel S, Li Y, Wang X, Tan H, Peng J, Demontis F. An adaptive stress response that confers cellular resilience to decreased ubiquitination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7348. [PMID: 37963875 PMCID: PMC10646096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification initiated by the E1 enzyme UBA1, which transfers ubiquitin to ~35 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. While UBA1 loss is cell lethal, it remains unknown how partial reduction in UBA1 activity is endured. Here, we utilize deep-coverage mass spectrometry to define the E1-E2 interactome and to determine the proteins that are modulated by knockdown of UBA1 and of each E2 in human cells. These analyses define the UBA1/E2-sensitive proteome and the E2 specificity in protein modulation. Interestingly, profound adaptations in peroxisomes and other organelles are triggered by decreased ubiquitination. While the cargo receptor PEX5 depends on its mono-ubiquitination for binding to peroxisomal proteins and importing them into peroxisomes, we find that UBA1/E2 knockdown induces the compensatory upregulation of other PEX proteins necessary for PEX5 docking to the peroxisomal membrane. Altogether, this study defines a homeostatic mechanism that sustains peroxisomal protein import in cells with decreased ubiquitination capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam C Hunt
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Department of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 North Pkwy, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA
| | - Vishwajeeth Pagala
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Anna Stephan
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Boer Xie
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Kiran Kodali
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Kanisha Kavdia
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Abbas Shirinifard
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Michelle Curley
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Flavia A Graca
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yingxue Fu
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Suresh Poudel
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yuxin Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xusheng Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Haiyan Tan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Fabio Demontis
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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6
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Patiño-Escobar B, Talbot A, Wiita AP. Overcoming proteasome inhibitor resistance in the immunotherapy era. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:507-518. [PMID: 37344251 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are a fascinating class of small molecules that disrupt protein homeostasis and are highly efficacious in the blood cancer multiple myeloma. However, PIs are not curative, and overcoming PI resistance to extend patient survival remains a major unmet need. Recent strategies to overcome PI resistance, including inhibiting alternative protein homeostasis pathways and targeting the mitochondrion as a nexus of metabolic adaptation to PIs, are gaining momentum. However, these focused approaches may be surpassed or even obviated by quickly emerging immunotherapy strategies that do not selectively target PI resistance mechanisms but are highly efficacious in PI-resistant disease, nonetheless. Informed by insights from these promising areas of research moving in parallel, we propose that pharmacological strategies to enforce immunotherapeutic vulnerabilities in resistant disease may provide a unified outlook to overcome PI resistance in a 'new era' of myeloma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonell Patiño-Escobar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Talbot
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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7
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Findlay S, Nair R, Merrill RA, Kaiser Z, Cajelot A, Aryanpour Z, Heath J, St-Louis C, Papadopoli D, Topisirovic I, St-Pierre J, Sebag M, Kesarwala AH, Hulea L, Taylor EB, Shanmugam M, Orthwein A. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier complex potentiates the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:3485-3500. [PMID: 36920785 PMCID: PMC10362273 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that emerges from antibody-producing plasma B cells. Proteasome inhibitors, including the US Food and Drug Administration-approved bortezomib (BTZ) and carfilzomib (CFZ), are frequently used for the treatment of patients with MM. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients with MM are refractory or develop resistance to this class of inhibitors, which represents a significant challenge in the clinic. Thus, identifying factors that determine the potency of proteasome inhibitors in MM is of paramount importance to bolster their efficacy in the clinic. Using genome-wide CRISPR-based screening, we identified a subunit of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) complex, MPC1, as a common modulator of BTZ response in 2 distinct human MM cell lines in vitro. We noticed that CRISPR-mediated deletion or pharmacological inhibition of the MPC complex enhanced BTZ/CFZ-induced MM cell death with minimal impact on cell cycle progression. In fact, targeting the MPC complex compromised the bioenergetic capacity of MM cells, which is accompanied by reduced proteasomal activity, thereby exacerbating BTZ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Importantly, we observed that the RNA expression levels of several regulators of pyruvate metabolism were altered in advanced stages of MM for which they correlated with poor patient prognosis. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of the MPC complex for the survival of MM cells and their responses to proteasome inhibitors. These findings establish mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism as a potential target for the treatment of MM and an unappreciated strategy to increase the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Findlay
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Remya Nair
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ronald A. Merrill
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Zafir Kaiser
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Cajelot
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Polytech Nice-Sophia, Université Côte d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Zahra Aryanpour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - John Heath
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Catherine St-Louis
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Papadopoli
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie St-Pierre
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michael Sebag
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Laura Hulea
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eric B. Taylor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Mala Shanmugam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Tychhon B, Allen JC, Gonzalez MA, Olivas IM, Solecki JP, Keivan M, Velazquez VV, McCall EB, Tapia DN, Rubio AJ, Jordan C, Elliott D, Eiring AM. The prognostic value of 19S ATPase proteasome subunits in acute myeloid leukemia and other forms of cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1209425. [PMID: 37502358 PMCID: PMC10371016 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1209425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an intracellular organelle responsible for targeted protein degradation, which represents a standard therapeutic target for many different human malignancies. Bortezomib, a reversible inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity, was first approved by the FDA in 2003 to treat multiple myeloma and is now used to treat a number of different cancers, including relapsed mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, colorectal cancer, and thyroid carcinoma. Despite the success, bortezomib and other proteasome inhibitors are subject to severe side effects, and ultimately, drug resistance. We recently reported an oncogenic role for non-ATPase members of the 19S proteasome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and several different solid tumors. In the present study, we hypothesized that ATPase members of the 19S proteasome would also serve as biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in AML and multiple other cancers. Methods We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) available at UALCAN and/or GEPIA2 to assess the expression and prognostic value of proteasome 26S subunit, ATPases 1-6 (PSMC1-6) of the 19S proteasome in cancer. UALCAN was also used to associate PSMC1-6 mRNA expression with distinct clinicopathological features. Finally, cBioPortal was employed to assess genomic alterations of PSMC genes across different cancer types. Results The mRNA and protein expression of PSMC1-6 of the 19S proteasome were elevated in several cancers compared with normal controls, which often correlated with worse overall survival. In contrast, AML patients demonstrated reduced expression of these proteasome subunits compared with normal mononuclear cells. However, AML patients with high expression of PSMC2-5 had worse outcomes. Discussion Altogether, our data suggest that components of the 19S proteasome could serve as prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in AML and several other human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boranai Tychhon
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jesse C. Allen
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Mayra A. Gonzalez
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Idaly M. Olivas
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Solecki
- L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Mehrshad Keivan
- L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Vanessa V. Velazquez
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Emily B. McCall
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Desiree N. Tapia
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Andres J. Rubio
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Connor Jordan
- L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - David Elliott
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Anna M. Eiring
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
- L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
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9
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Oliveri F, Keller SJ, Goebel H, Alvarez Salinas GO, Basler M. The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is degraded by the 20S proteasome in vitro but not in cellulo. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201760. [PMID: 37012049 PMCID: PMC10070814 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-independent protein degradation via the 20S proteasome without the 19S regulatory particle has gained increasing attention over the last years. The degradation of the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 by the 20S proteasome was investigated in this study. We found that FAT10 was rapidly degraded by purified 20S proteasomes in vitro, which was attributed to the weak folding of FAT10 and the N-terminally disordered tail. To confirm our results in cellulo, we established an inducible RNA interference system in which the AAA-ATPase Rpt2 of the 19S regulatory particle is knocked down to impair the function of the 26S proteasome. Using this system, degradation of FAT10 in cellulo was strongly dependent on functional 26S proteasome. Our data indicate that in vitro degradation studies with purified proteins do not necessarily reflect biological degradation mechanisms occurring in cells and, therefore, cautious data interpretation is required when 20S proteasome function is studied in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Oliveri
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Heike Goebel
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Michael Basler
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany;
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau https://ror.org/0546hnb39 at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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10
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Collins MA, Avery R, Albert FW. Substrate-specific effects of natural genetic variation on proteasome activity. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010734. [PMID: 37126494 PMCID: PMC10174532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein degradation is an essential biological process that regulates protein abundance and removes misfolded and damaged proteins from cells. In eukaryotes, most protein degradation occurs through the stepwise actions of two functionally distinct entities, the ubiquitin system and the proteasome. Ubiquitin system enzymes attach ubiquitin to cellular proteins, targeting them for degradation. The proteasome then selectively binds and degrades ubiquitinated substrate proteins. Genetic variation in ubiquitin system genes creates heritable differences in the degradation of their substrates. However, the challenges of measuring the degradative activity of the proteasome independently of the ubiquitin system in large samples have limited our understanding of genetic influences on the proteasome. Here, using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we built and characterized reporters that provide high-throughput, ubiquitin system-independent measurements of proteasome activity. Using single-cell measurements of proteasome activity from millions of genetically diverse yeast cells, we mapped 15 loci across the genome that influence proteasomal protein degradation. Twelve of these 15 loci exerted specific effects on the degradation of two distinct proteasome substrates, revealing a high degree of substrate-specificity in the genetics of proteasome activity. Using CRISPR-Cas9-based allelic engineering, we resolved a locus to a causal variant in the promoter of RPT6, a gene that encodes a subunit of the proteasome's 19S regulatory particle. The variant increases RPT6 expression, which we show results in increased proteasome activity. Our results reveal the complex genetic architecture of proteasome activity and suggest that genetic influences on the proteasome may be an important source of variation in the many cellular and organismal traits shaped by protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlon A. Collins
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Randi Avery
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Frank W. Albert
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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11
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Adler J, Oren R, Shaul Y. Depleting the 19S proteasome regulatory PSMD1 subunit as a cancer therapy strategy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:10781-10790. [PMID: 36934426 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteasome inhibitors are in use in treating certain types of cancers. These drugs inhibit the catalytic activity of the 20S proteasome, shared by all the different proteasome complexes. Inhibitors of the 26S-associated deubiquitinating activity explicitly inhibit the 26S proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinylated substrates. We have previously reported an alternative strategy that is based on reducing the 26S/20S ratio by depleting PSMD1, 6, and 11, the subunits of the 19S proteasome regulatory complex. Given the addiction of the many cancer types to a high 26S/20S ratio, the depletion strategy is highly effective in killing many aggressive cancer cell lines but not mouse and human immortalized and normal cells. METHODS We used two aggressive cell lines, MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast tumor cell line, and OVCAR8, a high-grade ovary adenocarcinoma. Cell culture, mouse MDA-MB-231, OVCAR8 xenografts, and patient-derived ovarian cancer xenograft (PDX) models were transduced with lentivectors expressing PSMD1 shRNA. Tumor size was measured to follow treatment efficacy. RESULTS Using different experimental strategies of expressing shRNA, we found that PSMD1 depletion, either by expressing PSMD1 shRNA in an inducible manner or in a constitutive manner, robustly inhibited MDA-MB-231, and OVCAR8 xenograft tumor growth. Furthermore, the PSMD1 depletion strategy compromised the growth of the PDX of primary ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that reducing the 26S/20S ratio might be a valuable strategy for treating drug-resistant aggressive types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Adler
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yosef Shaul
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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12
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Genetic Alterations in Members of the Proteasome 26S Subunit, AAA-ATPase ( PSMC) Gene Family in the Light of Proteasome Inhibitor Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020532. [PMID: 36672481 PMCID: PMC9856285 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
For the treatment of Multiple Myeloma, proteasome inhibitors are highly efficient and widely used, but resistance is a major obstacle to successful therapy. Several underlying mechanisms have been proposed but were only reported for a minority of resistant patients. The proteasome is a large and complex machinery. Here, we focus on the AAA ATPases of the 19S proteasome regulator (PSMC1-6) and their implication in PI resistance. As an example of cancer evolution and the acquisition of resistance, we conducted an in-depth analysis of an index patient by applying FISH, WES, and immunoglobulin-rearrangement sequencing in serial samples, starting from MGUS to newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma to a PI-resistant relapse. The WES analysis uncovered an acquired PSMC2 Y429S mutation at the relapse after intensive bortezomib-containing therapy, which was functionally confirmed to mediate PI resistance. A meta-analysis comprising 1499 newly diagnosed and 447 progressed patients revealed a total of 36 SNVs over all six PSMC genes that were structurally accumulated in regulatory sites for activity such as the ADP/ATP binding pocket. Other alterations impact the interaction between different PSMC subunits or the intrinsic conformation of an individual subunit, consequently affecting the folding and function of the complex. Interestingly, several mutations were clustered in the central channel of the ATPase ring, where the unfolded substrates enter the 20S core. Our results indicate that PSMC SNVs play a role in PI resistance in MM.
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13
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Haertle L, Barrio S, Munawar U, Han S, Zhou X, Simicek M, Vogt C, Truger M, Fernandez RA, Steinhardt M, Weingart J, Snaurova R, Nerreter S, Teufel E, Garitano-Trojaola A, Da Viá M, Ruiz-Heredia Y, Rosenwald A, Bolli N, Hajek R, Raab P, Raab MS, Weinhold N, Haferlach C, Haaf T, Martinez-Lopez J, Einsele H, Rasche L, Kortüm KM. Single-Nucleotide Variants and Epimutations Induce Proteasome Inhibitor Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:279-288. [PMID: 36282272 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proteasome inhibitors (PI) are the backbone of various treatment regimens in multiple myeloma. We recently described the first in-patient point mutations affecting the 20S subunit PSMB5 underlying PI resistance. Notably, in vivo, the incidence of mutations in PSMB5 and other proteasome encoding genes is too low to explain the development of resistance in most of the affected patients. Thus, additional genetic and epigenetic alterations need to be explored. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed DNA methylation profiling by Deep Bisulfite Sequencing in PSMB5, PSMC2, PSMC5, PSMC6, PSMD1, and PSMD5, a subset of proteasome subunits that have hitherto been associated with PI resistance, recruited from our own previous research, the literature, or a meta-analysis on the frequency of somatic mutations. Methylation was followed up on gene expression level and by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The KMS11 cell line served as a model to functionally test the impact of demethylating agents. RESULTS We identified PSMD5 promoter hypermethylation and subsequent epigenetic gene silencing in 24% of PI refractory patients. Hypermethylation correlated with decreased expression and the regulatory impact of this region was functionally confirmed. In contrast, patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, along with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD138+ plasma cells from healthy donors, generally show unmethylated profiles. CONCLUSIONS Under the selective pressure of PI treatment, multiple myeloma cells acquire methylation of the PSMD5 promoter silencing the PSMD5 gene expression. PSMD5 acts as a key orchestrator of proteasome assembly and its downregulation was described to increase the cell's proteolytic capacity. PSMD5 hypermethylation, therefore, represents a novel mechanism of PI tolerance in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Haertle
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Altum Sequencing Co., Madrid, Spain
| | - Umair Munawar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Seungbin Han
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michal Simicek
- Haematology, Ostrava University Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Cornelia Vogt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Rafael Alonso Fernandez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julia Weingart
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renata Snaurova
- Haematology, Ostrava University Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Nerreter
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Matteo Da Viá
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Yanira Ruiz-Heredia
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Altum Sequencing Co., Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Niccolò Bolli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roman Hajek
- Haematology, Ostrava University Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Raab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König Ludwig Haus, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc S Raab
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Weinhold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joaquin Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Complutense University Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Altum Sequencing Co., Madrid, Spain
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leo Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Martin Kortüm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Larsson P, Pettersson D, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K, Parris TZ. Pan-cancer analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data reveals the prognostic relevance of human proteasome genes in different cancer types. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:993. [PMID: 36123629 PMCID: PMC9484138 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human proteasome gene family (PSM) consists of 49 genes that play a crucial role in cancer proteostasis. However, little is known about the effect of PSM gene expression and genetic alterations on clinical outcome in different cancer forms. Methods Here, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of genetic alterations in PSM genes and the subsequent prognostic value of PSM expression using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) containing over 10,000 samples representing up to 33 different cancer types. External validation was performed using a breast cancer cohort and KM plotter with four cancer types. Results The PSM genetic alteration frequency was high in certain cancer types (e.g. 67%; esophageal adenocarcinoma), with DNA amplification being most common. Compared with normal tissue, most PSM genes were predominantly overexpressed in cancer. Survival analysis also established a relationship with PSM gene expression and adverse clinical outcome, where PSMA1 and PSMD11 expression were linked to more unfavorable prognosis in ≥ 30% of cancer types for both overall survival (OS) and relapse-free interval (PFI). Interestingly, PSMB5 gene expression was associated with OS (36%) and PFI (27%), and OS for PSMD2 (42%), especially when overexpressed. Conclusion These findings indicate that several PSM genes may potentially be prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for different cancer forms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10079-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Larsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Ferguson ID, Lin YHT, Lam C, Shao H, Tharp KM, Hale M, Kasap C, Mariano MC, Kishishita A, Patiño Escobar B, Mandal K, Steri V, Wang D, Phojanakong P, Tuomivaara ST, Hann B, Driessen C, Van Ness B, Gestwicki JE, Wiita AP. Allosteric HSP70 inhibitors perturb mitochondrial proteostasis and overcome proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1288-1302.e7. [PMID: 35853457 PMCID: PMC9434701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance remains a central challenge in multiple myeloma. To identify pathways mediating resistance, we first mapped proteasome-associated genetic co-dependencies. We identified heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) chaperones as potential targets, consistent with proposed mechanisms of myeloma cells overcoming PI-induced stress. We therefore explored allosteric HSP70 inhibitors (JG compounds) as myeloma therapeutics. JG compounds exhibited increased efficacy against acquired and intrinsic PI-resistant myeloma models, unlike HSP90 inhibition. Shotgun and pulsed SILAC mass spectrometry demonstrated that JGs unexpectedly impact myeloma proteostasis by destabilizing the 55S mitoribosome. Our data suggest JGs have the most pronounced anti-myeloma effect not through inhibiting cytosolic HSP70 proteins but instead through mitochondrial-localized HSP70, HSPA9/mortalin. Analysis of myeloma patient data further supports strong effects of global proteostasis capacity, and particularly HSPA9 expression, on PI response. Our results characterize myeloma proteostasis networks under therapeutic pressure while motivating further investigation of HSPA9 as a specific vulnerability in PI-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Ferguson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiu T Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Christine Lam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kevin M Tharp
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA 94143, USA
| | - Martina Hale
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Corynn Kasap
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology or Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Margarette C Mariano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Audrey Kishishita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Graduate Program in Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bonell Patiño Escobar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Kamal Mandal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Veronica Steri
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Donghui Wang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Paul Phojanakong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sami T Tuomivaara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Byron Hann
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Brian Van Ness
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
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16
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Zhang C, Huang C, Xia H, Xu H, Tang Q, Bi F. Autophagic sequestration of SQSTM1 disrupts the aggresome formation of ubiquitinated proteins during proteasome inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:615. [PMID: 35840557 PMCID: PMC9287315 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aggresome formation is a protective cellular response to counteract proteasome dysfunction by sequestering misfolded proteins and reducing proteotoxic stress. Autophagic degradation of the protein aggregates is considered to be a key compensating mechanism for balancing proteostasis. However, the precise role of autophagy in proteasome inhibition-induced aggresome biogenesis remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that in the early stage of proteasome inhibition, the maturation of the autophagosome is suppressed, which facilitates aggresome formation of misfolded proteins. Proteasome inhibition-induced phosphorylation of SQSTM1 T269/S272 inhibits its autophagic receptor activity and promotes aggresome formation of misfolded proteins. Inhibiting SQSTM1 T269/S272 phosphorylation using Doramapimod aggravates proteasome inhibitor-mediated cell damage and tumor suppression. Taken together, our data reveal a negative effect of autophagy on aggresome biogenesis and cell damage upon proteasome inhibition. Our study suggests a novel therapeutic intervention for proteasome inhibitor-mediated tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Zhang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanji Xu
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Bi
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Sellin M, Berg S, Hagen P, Zhang J. The molecular mechanism and challenge of targeting XPO1 in treatment of relapsed and refractory myeloma. Transl Oncol 2022; 22:101448. [PMID: 35660848 PMCID: PMC9166471 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made on the treatment of MM during past two decades. Acquired drug-resistance continues to drive early relapse in primary refractory MM. XPO1 over-expression and cargo mislocalization are associated with drug-resistance. XPO1 inhibitor selinexor restores drug sensitivity to subsets of RR-MM cells.
Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment regimens have vastly improved since the introduction of immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies; however, MM is considered an incurable disease due to inevitable relapse and acquired drug resistance. Understanding the molecular mechanism by which drug resistance is acquired will help create novel strategies to prevent relapse and help develop novel therapeutics to treat relapsed/refractory (RR)-MM patients. Currently, only homozygous deletion/mutation of TP53 gene due to “double-hits” on Chromosome 17p region is consistently associated with a poor prognosis. The exciting discovery of XPO1 overexpression and mislocalization of its cargos in the RR-MM cells has led to a novel treatment options. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor can restore sensitivity of RR-MM to PIs and dexamethasone. We will elaborate on the problems of MM treatment strategies and discuss the mechanism and challenges of using XPO1 inhibitors in RR-MM therapies while deliberating potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sellin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, USA
| | - Stephanie Berg
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Cancer Biology and Internal Medicine, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
| | - Patrick Hagen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, USA
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18
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Schlesser C, Meul T, Stathopoulos G, Meiners S. Metformin Induces Resistance of Cancer Cells to the Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060756. [PMID: 35740881 PMCID: PMC9221333 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-diabetic drug metformin is currently tested for the treatment of hematological and solid cancers. Proteasome inhibitors, e.g., Bortezomib, are approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma but are also studied for lung cancer therapy. We here analyzed the interaction of the two drugs in two cell lines, namely the mantle cell lymphoma Jeko-1 and the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H1299 cells, using proliferation and survival assays, native-gel analysis for proteasome activity and assembly, and expression analysis of proteasome assembly factors. Our results demonstrate that metformin treatment induces resistance of cancer cells to the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib by impairing the activity and assembly of the 26S proteasome complexes. These effects of metformin on proteasome inhibitor sensitivity in cancer cells are of potential relevance for patients that receive proteasome inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Schlesser
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; (C.S.); (T.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Thomas Meul
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; (C.S.); (T.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgios Stathopoulos
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; (C.S.); (T.M.); (G.S.)
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Gießen, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; (C.S.); (T.M.); (G.S.)
- Research Center Borstel/Leibniz Lung Center, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Sülfeld, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0049-4537-188-5846
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19
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Schwestermann J, Besse A, Driessen C, Besse L. Contribution of the Tumor Microenvironment to Metabolic Changes Triggering Resistance of Multiple Myeloma to Proteasome Inhibitors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899272. [PMID: 35692781 PMCID: PMC9178120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtually all patients with multiple myeloma become unresponsive to treatment with proteasome inhibitors over time. Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma is accompanied by the clonal evolution of myeloma cells with heterogeneous genomic aberrations, diverse proteomic and metabolic alterations, and profound changes of the bone marrow microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms that drive resistance to proteasome inhibitors within the context of the bone marrow microenvironment remain elusive. In this review article, we summarize the latest knowledge about the complex interaction of malignant plasma cells with its surrounding microenvironment. We discuss the pivotal role of metabolic reprograming of malignant plasma cells within the tumor microenvironment with a subsequent focus on metabolic rewiring in plasma cells upon treatment with proteasome inhibitors, driving multiple ways of adaptation to the treatment. At the same time, mutual interaction of plasma cells with the surrounding tumor microenvironment drives multiple metabolic alterations in the bone marrow. This provides a tumor-promoting environment, but at the same time may offer novel therapeutic options for the treatment of relapsed/refractory myeloma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lenka Besse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Clinics for Medical Hematology and Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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20
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Constitutive Activation of p62/Sequestosome-1-Mediated Proteaphagy Regulates Proteolysis and Impairs Cell Death in Bortezomib-Resistant Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040923. [PMID: 35205670 PMCID: PMC8869867 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the resistance of a significant fraction of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients to the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ), we have characterized the ubiquitin-related proteome (i.e., ubiquitome) of a set of MCL cell lines with different degrees of sensitivity to the drug by coupling a tandem ubiquitin-binding entity (TUBE) approach to mass spectrometry, followed by phenotypic and functional validations in both in vitro and in vivo models of MCL. We identified an enrichment of autophagy–lysosome system (ALS) components in BTZ-resistant cells, which was associated with constitutive intracellular inactivation of proteasome subunits by a process called proteaphagy. Blockade of this phenomenon by the pharmacological or genetic inactivation of the autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 reactivated normal proteasomal activity and restored the BTZ antitumor effect in in vitro and in vivo models of BTZ resistance. Abstract Protein ubiquitylation coordinates crucial cellular events in physiological and pathological conditions. A comparative analysis of the ubiquitin proteome from bortezomib (BTZ)-sensitive and BTZ-resistant mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) revealed an enrichment of the autophagy–lysosome system (ALS) in BTZ-resistant cells. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy at the level of lysosome-fusion revealed a constitutive activation of proteaphagy and accumulation of proteasome subunits within autophagosomes in different MCL cell lines with acquired or natural resistance to BTZ. Inhibition of the autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 upon verteporfin (VTP) treatment disrupted proteaphagosome assembly, reduced co-localization of proteasome subunits with autophagy markers and negatively impacted proteasome activity. Finally, the silencing or pharmacological inhibition of p62 restored the apoptosis threshold at physiological levels in BTZ-resistant cells both in vitro and in vivo. In total, these results demonstrate for the first time a proteolytic switch from the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) to ALS in B-cell lymphoma refractory to proteasome inhibition, pointing out a crucial role for proteaphagy in this phenomenon and paving the way for the design of alternative therapeutic venues in treatment-resistant tumors.
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21
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Antifungal volatile organic compounds from Streptomyces setonii WY228 control black spot disease of sweet potato. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0231721. [PMID: 35108080 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02317-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by microorganisms are considered as promising environmental-safety fumigants for controlling postharvest diseases. Ceratocystis fimbriata, the pathogen of black spot disease, seriously affects the quality and yield of sweet potato in the field and postharvest. This study tested the effects of VOCs produced by Streptomyces setonii WY228 on the control of C. fimbriata in vitro and in vivo. The VOCs exhibited strong antifungal activity and significantly inhibited the growth of C. fimbriata. During the 20-days storage, VOCs fumigation significantly controlled the occurrence of pathogen, increased the content of antioxidant and defense-related enzymes and flavonoids, and boosted the starch content so as to maintain the quality of sweet potato. Headspace analysis showed that volatiles 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine and dimethyl disulfide significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of C. fimbriata in a dose dependent manner. Fumigation with 100 μL/L 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine completely controlled the pathogen in vivo after 10-days storage. Transcriptome analysis showed that volatiles mainly downregulated the ribosomal synthesis genes and activated the proteasome system of pathogen in response to VOCs stress, while the genes related to spore development, cell membrane synthesis, mitochondrial function, as well as hydrolase and toxin synthesis were also downregulated, indicating that WY228-produced VOCs act diverse modes of action for pathogen control. Our study demonstrates that fumigation of sweet potato tuberous roots with S. setonii WY228 or use of formulations based on the VOCs is a promising new strategy to control sweet potato and other food and fruit pathogens during storage and shipment. Importance Black spot disease caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata has caused huge economic losses to worldwide sweet potato production. At present, the control of C. fimbriata mainly depends on toxic fungicides, and there is a lack of effective alternative strategies. The research on biological control of sweet potato black spot disease is also very limited. The development of efficient biocontrol technique against pathogens using microbial volatile organic compounds could be an alternative method to control this disease. Our study revealed the significant biological control effect of volatile organic compounds of Streptomyces setonii WY228 on black spot disease of postharvest sweet potato and the complex antifungal mechanism against C. fimbriata. Our data demonstrated that Streptomyces setonii WY228 and its volatile 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine could be candidate strain and compound for the creation of fumigants, and showed the important potential of biotechnology application in the field of food and agriculture.
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22
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Sahu I, Mali SM, Sulkshane P, Xu C, Rozenberg A, Morag R, Sahoo MP, Singh SK, Ding Z, Wang Y, Day S, Cong Y, Kleifeld O, Brik A, Glickman MH. The 20S as a stand-alone proteasome in cells can degrade the ubiquitin tag. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6173. [PMID: 34702852 PMCID: PMC8548400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome, the primary protease for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in eukaryotes, is usually found as a mixture of 30S, 26S, and 20S complexes. These complexes have common catalytic sites, which makes it challenging to determine their distinctive roles in intracellular proteolysis. Here, we chemically synthesize a panel of homogenous ubiquitinated proteins, and use them to compare 20S and 26S proteasomes with respect to substrate selection and peptide-product generation. We show that 20S proteasomes can degrade the ubiquitin tag along with the conjugated substrate. Ubiquitin remnants on branched peptide products identified by LC-MS/MS, and flexibility in the 20S gate observed by cryo-EM, reflect the ability of the 20S proteasome to proteolyze an isopeptide-linked ubiquitin-conjugate. Peptidomics identifies proteasome-trapped ubiquitin-derived peptides and peptides of potential 20S substrates in Hi20S cells, hypoxic cells, and human failing-heart. Moreover, elevated levels of 20S proteasomes appear to contribute to cell survival under stress associated with damaged proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Sahu
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Sachitanand M Mali
- Schulich faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Prasad Sulkshane
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Cong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Andrey Rozenberg
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Roni Morag
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | | | - Sumeet K Singh
- Schulich faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Zhanyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Sharleen Day
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Oded Kleifeld
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
| | - Michael H Glickman
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
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23
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Benvenuto M, Ciuffa S, Focaccetti C, Sbardella D, Fazi S, Scimeca M, Tundo GR, Barillari G, Segni M, Bonanno E, Manzari V, Modesti A, Masuelli L, Coletta M, Bei R. Proteasome inhibition by bortezomib parallels a reduction in head and neck cancer cells growth, and an increase in tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19051. [PMID: 34561494 PMCID: PMC8463577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) has frequently an aggressive course for the development of resistance to standard chemotherapy. Thus, the use of innovative therapeutic drugs is being assessed. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with anticancer effects. In vitro antitumoral activity of Bortezomib was investigated employing human tongue (SCC-15, CAL-27), pharynx (FaDu), salivary gland (A-253) cancer cell lines and a murine cell line (SALTO-5) originated from a salivary gland adenocarcinoma arising in BALB-neuT male mice transgenic for the oncogene neu. Bortezomib inhibited cell proliferation, triggered apoptosis, modulated the expression and activation of pro-survival signaling transduction pathways proteins activated by ErbB receptors and inhibited proteasome activity in vitro. Intraperitoneal administration of Bortezomib delayed tumor growth of SALTO-5 cells transplanted in BALB-neuT mice, protracted mice survival and adjusted tumor microenvironment by increasing tumor-infiltrating immune cells (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, and Natural Killer cells) and by decreasing vessels density. In addition, Bortezomib modified the expression of proteasome structural subunits in transplanted SALTO-5 cells. Our findings further support the use of Bortezomib for the treatment of HNC and reveal its ineffectiveness in counteracting the activation of deregulated specific signaling pathways in HNC cell lines when resistance to proteasome inhibition is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benvenuto
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Segni
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 364, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,"Diagnostica Medica" & "Villa Dei Platani", Neuromed Group, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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24
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Mitochondrial Regulation of the 26S Proteasome. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108059. [PMID: 32846138 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is the main proteolytic system for targeted protein degradation in the cell and is fine-tuned according to cellular needs. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction and concomitant metabolic reprogramming of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle reduce the assembly and activity of the 26S proteasome. Both mitochondrial mutations in respiratory complex I and treatment with the anti-diabetic drug metformin impair 26S proteasome activity. Defective 26S assembly is reversible and can be overcome by supplementation of aspartate or pyruvate. This metabolic regulation of 26S activity involves specific regulation of proteasome assembly factors via the mTORC1 pathway. Of note, reducing 26S activity by metformin confers increased resistance toward the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which is reversible upon pyruvate supplementation. Our study uncovers unexpected consequences of defective mitochondrial metabolism for proteasomal protein degradation in the cell, which has important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.
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25
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Rai M, Coleman Z, Curley M, Nityanandam A, Platt A, Robles-Murguia M, Jiao J, Finkelstein D, Wang YD, Xu B, Fan Y, Demontis F. Proteasome stress in skeletal muscle mounts a long-range protective response that delays retinal and brain aging. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1137-1154.e9. [PMID: 33773104 PMCID: PMC8172468 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is a defining feature of organismal aging that is influenced by peripheral tissues. Clinical observations indicate that skeletal muscle influences CNS aging, but the underlying muscle-to-brain signaling remains unexplored. In Drosophila, we find that moderate perturbation of the proteasome in skeletal muscle induces compensatory preservation of CNS proteostasis during aging. Such long-range stress signaling depends on muscle-secreted Amyrel amylase. Mimicking stress-induced Amyrel upregulation in muscle reduces age-related accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in the brain and retina via chaperones. Preservation of proteostasis stems from the disaccharide maltose, which is produced via Amyrel amylase activity. Correspondingly, RNAi for SLC45 maltose transporters reduces expression of Amyrel-induced chaperones and worsens brain proteostasis during aging. Moreover, maltose preserves proteostasis and neuronal activity in human brain organoids challenged by thermal stress. Thus, proteasome stress in skeletal muscle hinders retinal and brain aging by mounting an adaptive response via amylase/maltose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Rai
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zane Coleman
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michelle Curley
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anjana Nityanandam
- Stem Cell Core, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anna Platt
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Maricela Robles-Murguia
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jianqin Jiao
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Fabio Demontis
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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26
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Bo Kim K. Proteasomal adaptations to FDA-approved proteasome inhibitors: a potential mechanism for drug resistance? CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:634-645. [PMID: 34308274 PMCID: PMC8297691 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With proteasome inhibitors (PIs) becoming clinically available since 2003, outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have dramatically changed, improving quality of life and survival. Despite the impressive treatment success, however, almost all MM patients who initially respond to these PIs eventually develop resistance. Furthermore, a portion of MM patients is inherently unresponsive to the PIs. Extensive mechanistic investigations identified several non-proteasomal signaling pathways suspected to be linked to the PI resistance, for which several excellent reviews are currently available. On the other hand, it is still unclear how cancer cells under high PI environments adapt to spare proteasome activity essential for survival and proliferation regardless of cancer evolution stages. This review outlines current progress towards understanding the proteasomal adaptations of cells in response to PI treatment to maintain necessary proteasome activity. A better understanding of cellular proteasomal changes in response to the PIs could provide a rationale to develop new therapeutics that could be used to overcome resistance to existing PI drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA
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27
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Integrative analysis of the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of double-refractory multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2021; 4:830-844. [PMID: 32126144 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma, novel treatments with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) have prolonged survival but the disease remains incurable. At relapse, next-generation sequencing has shown occasional mutations of drug targets but has failed to identify unifying features that underlie chemotherapy resistance. We studied 42 patients refractory to both PIs and IMiDs. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 40 patients, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in 27. We found more mutations than were reported at diagnosis and more subclonal mutations, which implies ongoing evolution of the genome of myeloma cells during treatment. The mutational landscape was different from that described in published studies on samples taken at diagnosis. The TP53 pathway was the most frequently inactivated (in 45% of patients). Conversely, point mutations of genes associated with resistance to IMiDs were rare and were always subclonal. Refractory patients were uniquely characterized by having a mutational signature linked to exposure to alkylating agents, whose role in chemotherapy resistance and disease progression remains to be elucidated. RNA-seq analysis showed that treatment or mutations had no influence on clustering, which was instead influenced by karyotypic events. We describe a cluster with both amp(1q) and del(13) characterized by CCND2 upregulation and also overexpression of MCL1, which represents a novel target for experimental treatments. Overall, high-risk features were found in 65% of patients. However, only amp(1q) predicted survival. Gene mutations of IMiD and PI targets are not a preferred mode of drug resistance in myeloma. Chemotherapy resistance of the bulk tumor population is likely attained through differential, yet converging evolution of subclones that are overall variable from patient to patient and within the same patient.
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28
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Saavedra-García P, Roman-Trufero M, Al-Sadah HA, Blighe K, López-Jiménez E, Christoforou M, Penfold L, Capece D, Xiong X, Miao Y, Parzych K, Caputo VS, Siskos AP, Encheva V, Liu Z, Thiel D, Kaiser MF, Piazza P, Chaidos A, Karadimitris A, Franzoso G, Snijders AP, Keun HC, Oyarzún DA, Barahona M, Auner HW. Systems level profiling of chemotherapy-induced stress resolution in cancer cells reveals druggable trade-offs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2018229118. [PMID: 33883278 PMCID: PMC8092411 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018229118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can survive chemotherapy-induced stress, but how they recover from it is not known. Using a temporal multiomics approach, we delineate the global mechanisms of proteotoxic stress resolution in multiple myeloma cells recovering from proteasome inhibition. Our observations define layered and protracted programs for stress resolution that encompass extensive changes across the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Cellular recovery from proteasome inhibition involved protracted and dynamic changes of glucose and lipid metabolism and suppression of mitochondrial function. We demonstrate that recovering cells are more vulnerable to specific insults than acutely stressed cells and identify the general control nonderepressable 2 (GCN2)-driven cellular response to amino acid scarcity as a key recovery-associated vulnerability. Using a transcriptome analysis pipeline, we further show that GCN2 is also a stress-independent bona fide target in transcriptional signature-defined subsets of solid cancers that share molecular characteristics. Thus, identifying cellular trade-offs tied to the resolution of chemotherapy-induced stress in tumor cells may reveal new therapeutic targets and routes for cancer therapy optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Saavedra-García
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Roman-Trufero
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Hibah A Al-Sadah
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Blighe
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research, London W1B 3HH, United Kingdom
| | - Elena López-Jiménez
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Marilena Christoforou
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Penfold
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- Cellular Stress, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Daria Capece
- Centre for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaobei Xiong
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Yirun Miao
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Parzych
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina S Caputo
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Vesela Encheva
- Proteomics Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Denise Thiel
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin F Kaiser
- Myeloma Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Piazza
- Imperial BRC Genomics Facility, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Aristeidis Chaidos
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasios Karadimitris
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Centre for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- Proteomics Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Hector C Keun
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Diego A Oyarzún
- School of Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Mauricio Barahona
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Holger W Auner
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom;
- The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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29
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Structural Insights into Substrate Recognition and Processing by the 20S Proteasome. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020148. [PMID: 33498876 PMCID: PMC7910952 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Four decades of proteasome research have yielded extensive information on ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. The archetype of proteasomes is a 20S barrel-shaped complex that does not rely on ubiquitin as a degradation signal but can degrade substrates with a considerable unstructured stretch. Since roughly half of all proteasomes in most eukaryotic cells are free 20S complexes, ubiquitin-independent protein degradation may coexist with ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the highly regulated 26S proteasome. This article reviews recent advances in our understanding of the biochemical and structural features that underlie the proteolytic mechanism of 20S proteasomes. The two outer α-rings of 20S proteasomes provide a number of potential docking sites for loosely folded polypeptides. The binding of a substrate can induce asymmetric conformational changes, trigger gate opening, and initiate its own degradation through a protease-driven translocation mechanism. Consequently, the substrate translocates through two additional narrow apertures augmented by the β-catalytic active sites. The overall pulling force through the two annuli results in a protease-like unfolding of the substrate and subsequent proteolysis in the catalytic chamber. Although both proteasomes contain identical β-catalytic active sites, the differential translocation mechanisms yield distinct peptide products. Nonoverlapping substrate repertoires and product outcomes rationalize cohabitation of both proteasome complexes in cells.
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30
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Gu Y, Barwick BG, Shanmugam M, Hofmeister CC, Kaufman J, Nooka A, Gupta V, Dhodapkar M, Boise LH, Lonial S. Downregulation of PA28α induces proteasome remodeling and results in resistance to proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:125. [PMID: 33318477 PMCID: PMC7736847 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-00393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is critical for maintaining eukaryotic cell function as well as responses to intrinsic and extrinsic stress. The proteasome is a major portion of the proteolytic machinery in mammalian cells and plays an important role in protein homeostasis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy with high production of immunoglobulins and is especially sensitive to treatments that impact protein catabolism. Therapeutic agents such as proteasome inhibitors have demonstrated significant benefit for myeloma patients in all treatment phases. Here, we demonstrate that the 11S proteasome activator PA28α is upregulated in MM cells and is key for myeloma cell growth and proliferation. PA28α also regulates MM cell sensitivity to proteasome inhibitors. Downregulation of PA28α inhibits both proteasomal load and activity, resulting in a change in protein homeostasis less dependent on the proteasome and leads to cell resistance to proteasome inhibitors. Thus, our findings suggest an important role of PA28α in MM biology, and also provides a new approach for targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system and ultimately sensitivity to proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Gu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Benjamin G Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mala Shanmugam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Craig C Hofmeister
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jonathan Kaufman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ajay Nooka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Madhav Dhodapkar
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. .,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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31
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Bhattacharya K, Weidenauer L, Luengo TM, Pieters EC, Echeverría PC, Bernasconi L, Wider D, Sadian Y, Koopman MB, Villemin M, Bauer C, Rüdiger SGD, Quadroni M, Picard D. The Hsp70-Hsp90 co-chaperone Hop/Stip1 shifts the proteostatic balance from folding towards degradation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5975. [PMID: 33239621 PMCID: PMC7688965 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hop/Stip1/Sti1 is thought to be essential as a co-chaperone to facilitate substrate transfer between the Hsp70 and Hsp90 molecular chaperones. Despite this proposed key function for protein folding and maturation, it is not essential in a number of eukaryotes and bacteria lack an ortholog. We set out to identify and to characterize its eukaryote-specific function. Human cell lines and the budding yeast with deletions of the Hop/Sti1 gene display reduced proteasome activity due to inefficient capping of the core particle with regulatory particles. Unexpectedly, knock-out cells are more proficient at preventing protein aggregation and at promoting protein refolding. Without the restraint by Hop, a more efficient folding activity of the prokaryote-like Hsp70-Hsp90 complex, which can also be demonstrated in vitro, compensates for the proteasomal defect and ensures the proteostatic equilibrium. Thus, cells may act on the level and/or activity of Hop to shift the proteostatic balance between folding and degradation. Hop, also known as Stip1 or Sti1, facilitates substrate transfer between the Hsp70 and Hsp90 molecular chaperones. Characterization of proteostasis-related pathways in STIP1 knock-out cell lines reveals that in eukaryotes Stip1 modulates the balance between protein folding and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Bhattacharya
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Weidenauer
- Protein Analysis Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tania Morán Luengo
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Science for Life, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellis C Pieters
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Science for Life, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo C Echeverría
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland.,European Association for the Study of the Liver, 1203, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Lilia Bernasconi
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Diana Wider
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Yashar Sadian
- Bioimaging Center, Université de Genève, Sciences II, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Margreet B Koopman
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Science for Life, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Villemin
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Bioimaging Center, Université de Genève, Sciences II, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Stefan G D Rüdiger
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Science for Life, Utrecht University, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manfredo Quadroni
- Protein Analysis Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland.
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32
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ROS Overproduction Sensitises Myeloma Cells to Bortezomib-Induced Apoptosis and Alleviates Tumour Microenvironment-Mediated Cell Resistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112357. [PMID: 33114738 PMCID: PMC7693395 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm that remains incurable due to innate or acquired resistance. Although MM cells produce high intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we hypothesised that they could remain sensitive to ROS unbalance. We tested if the inhibition of ROS, on one hand, or the overproduction of ROS, on the other, could (re)sensitise cells to bortezomib (BTZ). Two drugs were used in a panel of MM cell lines with various responses to BTZ: VAS3947 (VAS), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase and auranofin (AUR), an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1), an antioxidant enzyme overexpressed in MM cells. We used several culture models: in suspension, on a fibronectin layer, in coculture with HS-5 mesenchymal cells, and/or in 3-D culture (or spheroids) to study the response of MM primary cells and cell lines. Several MM cell lines were sensitive to VAS but the combination with BTZ showed antagonistic or additive effects at best. By contrast, in all culture systems studied, the combined AUR/BTZ treatment showed synergistic effects on cell lines, including those less sensitive to BTZ and primary cells. MM cell death is due to the activation of apoptosis and autophagy. Modulating the redox balance of MM cells could be an effective therapy for refractory or relapse post-BTZ patients.
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33
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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34
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Hashimoto E, Okuno S, Hirayama S, Arata Y, Goto T, Kosako H, Hamazaki J, Murata S. Enhanced O-GlcNAcylation Mediates Cytoprotection under Proteasome Impairment by Promoting Proteasome Turnover in Cancer Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101299. [PMID: 32634741 PMCID: PMC7338785 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a therapeutic target in cancer, but resistance to proteasome inhibitors often develops owing to the induction of compensatory pathways. Through a genome-wide siRNA screen combined with RNA sequencing analysis, we identified hexokinase and downstream O-GlcNAcylation as cell survival factors under proteasome impairment. The inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation synergistically induced massive cell death in combination with proteasome inhibition. We further demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation was indispensable for maintaining proteasome activity by enhancing biogenesis as well as proteasome degradation in a manner independent of Nrf1, a well-known compensatory transcription factor that upregulates proteasome gene expression. Our results identify a pathway that maintains proteasome function under proteasome impairment, providing potential targets for cancer therapy. O-GlcNAcylation suppresses cell death under proteasome impairment Combined inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and proteasome induces massive tumor cell death O-GlcNAcylation maintains proteasome activity independently of Nrf1 O-GlcNAcylation enhances proteasome turnover under the proteasome impairment
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Shota Okuno
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Shoshiro Hirayama
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Arata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 7708503, Japan
| | - Jun Hamazaki
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
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35
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Ahmad S, Arif B, Akram Z, Ahmed MW, Khan AU, Hussain MZ, Rahman F, Kayani MA, Mahjabeen I. Association of intronic polymorphisms (rs1549339, rs13402242) and mRNA expression variations in PSMD1 gene in arsenic-exposed workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11425-11437. [PMID: 31965495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) gene, PSMD1, is an important gene for neutralization of damaged and misfolded protein(s). The current study was designed to study the genetic and expression variations of PSMD1 gene as a consequence of arsenic exposure and its potential implications in arsenic induced diseases. In the present study, 250 blood samples of exposed industrial workers along with 250 controls were used. Initially, tetra amplification refractory mutation system-PCR was used to determine the role of PSMD1 gene polymorphisms (rs1549339, rs13402242) in industrial workers and controls. Frequency of homozygous mutant genotype of rs1549339 (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.51-3.32, p = 0.0001) and rs13402242 (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.52-5.75, p = 0.001) was observed significantly higher in exposed individuals vs controls. Secondly, qPCR was performed for expression analysis of PSMD1 gene. Significant down-regulated expression of PSMD1 gene (p < 0.0001) was observed vs controls, and this down-regulation was observed more pronounced in smokers (p < 0.0001) with maximum exposure duration (p < 0.0008). This down-regulated expression was observed significantly more pronounced in welding (p < 0.004) and brick kiln industries (p < 0.04) compared to other selected industries. The obtained results suggest that the exposure to arsenic may have an increased risk of developing disease(s) because of arsenic-induced PSMD1 variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqiba Ahmad
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Arif
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zertashia Akram
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Waqar Ahmed
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah Khan
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Faisal Rahman
- Federal Govt Education Institution, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Akhtar Kayani
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Park Road Chak shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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36
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Wang X, Meul T, Meiners S. Exploring the proteasome system: A novel concept of proteasome inhibition and regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107526. [PMID: 32173559 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The proteasome is a well-identified therapeutic target for cancer treatment. It acts as the main protein degradation system in the cell and degrades key mediators of cell growth, survival and function. The term "proteasome" embraces a whole family of distinct complexes, which share a common proteolytic core, the 20S proteasome, but differ by their attached proteasome activators. Each of these proteasome complexes plays specific roles in the control of cellular function. In addition, distinct proteasome interacting proteins regulate proteasome activity in subcellular compartments and in response to cellular signals. Proteasome activators and regulators may thus serve as building blocks to fine-tune proteasome function in the cell according to cellular needs. Inhibitors of the proteasome, e.g. the FDA approved drugs Velcade™, Kyprolis™, Ninlaro™, inactivate the catalytic 20S core and effectively block protein degradation of all proteasome complexes in the cell resulting in inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. Efficacy of these inhibitors, however, is hampered by their pronounced cytotoxic side-effects as well as by the emerging development of resistance to catalytic proteasome inhibitors. Targeted inhibition of distinct buiding blocks of the proteasome system, i.e. proteasome activators or regulators, represents an alternative strategy to overcome these limitations. In this review, we stress the importance of the diversity of the proteasome complexes constituting an entire proteasome system. Our building block concept provides a rationale for the defined targeting of distinct proteasome super-complexes in disease. We thereby aim to stimulate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches beyond broad catalytic proteasome inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Wang
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meul
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 81377 Munich, Germany.
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37
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Proteasome Inhibitors: Harnessing Proteostasis to Combat Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030671. [PMID: 32033280 PMCID: PMC7037493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is the central component of the main cellular protein degradation pathway. During the past four decades, the critical function of the proteasome in numerous physiological processes has been revealed, and proteasome activity has been linked to various human diseases. The proteasome prevents the accumulation of misfolded proteins, controls the cell cycle, and regulates the immune response, to name a few important roles for this macromolecular "machine." As a therapeutic target, proteasome inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. However, inability to sufficiently inhibit proteasome activity at tolerated doses has hampered efforts to expand the scope of proteasome inhibitor-based therapies. With emerging new modalities in myeloma, it might seem challenging to develop additional proteasome-based therapies. However, the constant development of new applications for proteasome inhibitors and deeper insights into the intricacies of protein homeostasis suggest that proteasome inhibitors might have novel therapeutic applications. Herein, we summarize the latest advances in proteasome inhibitor development and discuss the future of proteasome inhibitors and other proteasome-based therapies in combating human diseases.
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38
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Coux O, Zieba BA, Meiners S. The Proteasome System in Health and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:55-100. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Lessons Learned from Proteasome Inhibitors, the Paradigm for Targeting Protein Homeostasis in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:147-162. [PMID: 32297217 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeting aberrant protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in cancer is an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, this approach has thus far proven difficult to bring to clinical practice, with one major exception: proteasome inhibition. These small molecules have dramatically transformed outcomes for patients with the blood cancer multiple myeloma. However, these agents have failed to make an impact in more common solid tumors. Major questions remain about whether this therapeutic strategy can be extended to benefit even more patients. Here we discuss the role of the proteasome in normal and tumor cells, the basic, preclinical, and clinical development of proteasome inhibitors, and mechanisms proposed to govern both intrinsic and acquired resistance to these drugs. Years of study of both the mechanism of action and modes of resistance to proteasome inhibitors reveal these processes to be surprisingly complex. Here, we attempt to draw lessons from experience with proteasome inhibitors that may be relevant for other compounds targeting proteostasis in cancer, as well as extending the reach of proteasome inhibitors beyond blood cancers.
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40
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Tsvetkov P, Detappe A, Cai K, Keys HR, Brune Z, Ying W, Thiru P, Reidy M, Kugener G, Rossen J, Kocak M, Kory N, Tsherniak A, Santagata S, Whitesell L, Ghobrial IM, Markley JL, Lindquist S, Golub TR. Mitochondrial metabolism promotes adaptation to proteotoxic stress. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 15:681-689. [PMID: 31133756 PMCID: PMC8183600 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which cells adapt to proteotoxic stress are largely unknown, but key to understanding how tumor cells, particularly in vivo, are largely resistant to proteasome inhibitors. Analysis of cancer cell lines, mouse xenografts and patient-derived tumor samples all showed an association between mitochondrial metabolism and proteasome inhibitor sensitivity. When cells were forced to use oxidative phosphorylation rather than glycolysis, they became proteasome inhibitor-resistant. This mitochondrial state, however, creates a unique vulnerability: sensitivity to the small-molecule compound elesclomol. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening showed that a single gene, encoding the mitochondrial reductase FDX1, could rescue elesclomol-induced cell death. Enzymatic function and NMR-based analyses further showed that FDX1 is the direct target of elesclomol, which promotes a unique form of copper-dependent cell death. These studies elucidate a fundamental mechanism by which cells adapt to proteotoxic stress and suggests strategies to mitigate proteasome inhibitor-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Cai
- Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heather R Keys
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zarina Brune
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Weiwen Ying
- OnTarget Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Prathapan Thiru
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mairead Reidy
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jordan Rossen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mustafa Kocak
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nora Kory
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Molecular Genetics Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John L Markley
- Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan Lindquist
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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41
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Tye BW, Commins N, Ryazanova LV, Wühr M, Springer M, Pincus D, Churchman LS. Proteotoxicity from aberrant ribosome biogenesis compromises cell fitness. eLife 2019; 8:43002. [PMID: 30843788 PMCID: PMC6453566 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve maximal growth, cells must manage a massive economy of ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) and RNAs (rRNAs) to produce thousands of ribosomes every minute. Although ribosomes are essential in all cells, natural disruptions to ribosome biogenesis lead to heterogeneous phenotypes. Here, we model these perturbations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and show that challenges to ribosome biogenesis result in acute loss of proteostasis. Imbalances in the synthesis of r-proteins and rRNAs lead to the rapid aggregation of newly synthesized orphan r-proteins and compromise essential cellular processes, which cells alleviate by activating proteostasis genes. Exogenously bolstering the proteostasis network increases cellular fitness in the face of challenges to ribosome assembly, demonstrating the direct contribution of orphan r-proteins to cellular phenotypes. We propose that ribosome assembly is a key vulnerability of proteostasis maintenance in proliferating cells that may be compromised by diverse genetic, environmental, and xenobiotic perturbations that generate orphan r-proteins. Cells are made up of thousands of different proteins that perform unique roles required for life. To create all of these proteins, cells use machines called ribosomes that are partly formed of elements known as r-proteins. When cells grow and divide, the ribosomes have to make copies of themselves through a process called ribosome biogenesis. Although all cells need ribosomes, certain types of cells are especially sensitive to events that interfere with ribosome biogenesis. For example, patients that have mutations in genes needed for ribosome biogenesis produce fewer red blood cells, but their other cells and tissues are mostly healthy. It is not clear why some cells are more sensitive than others. Ribosome biogenesis is very similar between different organisms, so researchers often use budding yeast as a model to study the process. Here, Tye et al. used genetic and chemical tools to interfere with ribosome biogenesis on short time scales, which made it possible to detect early on what was going wrong in the cells. The experiments found that when ribosome biogenesis was disrupted, r-proteins that were waiting to be assembled into ribosomes quickly stuck to one another and formed clumps that reduced the ability of the yeast cells to grow. The cells responded by switching on a protein called Hsf1, which restored their ability to grow. Yeast cells that were growing quickly, and therefore making more ribosomes, were more sensitive to abnormal ribosome biogenesis than slow-growing cells. These results indicate that how actively a cell is growing, and its ability to cope with r-proteins sticking together, may in part explain why certain cells are more vulnerable to events that interfere with ribosome biogenesis. Since human cells also have Hsf1, future experiments could investigate whether turning it on might also protect fast-growing human cells from such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake W Tye
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Program in Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Nicoletta Commins
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Lillia V Ryazanova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Martin Wühr
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, United States.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Michael Springer
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - David Pincus
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Center for Physics of Evolving Systems, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
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Amodio N, Gallo Cantafio ME, Botta C, Agosti V, Federico C, Caracciolo D, Ronchetti D, Rossi M, Driessen C, Neri A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Replacement of miR-155 Elicits Tumor Suppressive Activity and Antagonizes Bortezomib Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020236. [PMID: 30781685 PMCID: PMC6406286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been associated to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). While miR-155 is considered a therapeutic target in several malignancies, its role in MM is still unclear. The analysis of miR-155 expression indicates its down-regulation in MM patient-derived as compared to healthy plasma cells, thus pointing to a tumor suppressor role in this malignancy. On this finding, we investigated miR-155 replacement as a potential anti-tumor strategy in MM. The miR-155 enforced expression triggered anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro. Given the lower miR-155 levels in bortezomib-resistant as compared to sensitive MM cells, we analyzed the possible involvement of miR-155 in bortezomib resistance. Importantly, miR-155 replacement enhanced bortezomib anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in vivo in a xenograft model of human MM. In primary MM cells, we observed an inverse correlation between miR-155 and the mRNA encoding the proteasome subunit gene PSMβ5, whose dysregulation has been largely implicated in bortezomib resistance, and we validated PSMβ5 3′UTR mRNA targeting, along with reduced proteasome activity, by miR-155. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that miR-155 elicits anti-MM activity, likely via proteasome inhibition, providing the framework for miR-155-based anti-MM therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Cirino Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Valter Agosti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Federico
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan and Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan and Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
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43
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Meiners S, Evankovich J, Mallampalli RK. The ubiquitin proteasome system as a potential therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis. Transl Res 2018; 198:17-28. [PMID: 29702079 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present review aims to summarize available knowledge on the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in the pathogenesis of scleroderma and scleroderma-related disease mechanisms. This will provide the reader with a more mechanistic understanding of disease pathogenesis and help to identify putative novel targets within the UPS for potential therapeutic intervention. Because of the heterogenous manifestations of scleroderma, we will primarily focus on conserved mechanisms that are involved in the development of lung scleroderma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Munich (CPC-M), Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - John Evankovich
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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44
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Barrio S, Stühmer T, Da-Viá M, Barrio-Garcia C, Lehners N, Besse A, Cuenca I, Garitano-Trojaola A, Fink S, Leich E, Chatterjee M, Driessen C, Martinez-Lopez J, Rosenwald A, Beckmann R, Bargou RC, Braggio E, Stewart AK, Raab MS, Einsele H, Kortüm KM. Spectrum and functional validation of PSMB5 mutations in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2018; 33:447-456. [PMID: 30026573 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite an increasing number of approved therapies, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease and only a small number of patients achieve prolonged disease control. Some genes have been linked with response to commonly used anti-MM compounds, including immunomodulators (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs). In this manuscript, we demonstrate an increased incidence of acquired proteasomal subunit mutations in relapsed MM compared to newly diagnosed disease, underpinning a potential role of point mutations in the clonal evolution of MM. Furthermore, we are first to present and functionally characterize four somatic PSMB5 mutations from primary MM cells identified in a patient under prolonged proteasome inhibition, with three of them affecting the PI-binding pocket S1. We confirm resistance induction through missense mutations not only to Bortezomib, but also, in variable extent, to the next-generation PIs Carfilzomib and Ixazomib. In addition, a negative impact on the proteasome activity is assessed, providing a potential explanation for later therapy-induced eradication of the affected tumor subclones in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Barrio
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stühmer
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matteo Da-Viá
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Nicola Lehners
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrej Besse
- Departement of Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Cuenca
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, CNIO, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andoni Garitano-Trojaola
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Severin Fink
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Leich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manik Chatterjee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Departement of Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Joaquin Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, CNIO, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Ralf C Bargou
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Esteban Braggio
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - A Keith Stewart
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marc S Raab
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Martin Kortüm
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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45
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Tsvetkov P, Adler J, Myers N, Biran A, Reuven N, Shaul Y. Oncogenic addiction to high 26S proteasome level. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:773. [PMID: 29991718 PMCID: PMC6039477 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proteasomes are large intracellular complexes responsible for the degradation of cellular proteins. The altered protein homeostasis of cancer cells results in increased dependency on proteasome function. The cellular proteasome composition comprises the 20S catalytic complex that is frequently capped with the 19S regulatory particle in forming the 26S proteasome. Proteasome inhibitors target the catalytic barrel (20S) and thus this inhibition does not allow the deconvolution of the distinct roles of 20S versus 26S proteasomes in cancer progression. We examined the degree of dependency of cancer cells specifically to the level of the 26S proteasome complex. Oncogenic transformation of human and mouse immortalized cells with mutant Ras induced a strong posttranscriptional increase of the 26S proteasome subunits, giving rise to high 26S complex levels. Depletion of a single subunit of the 19S RP was sufficient to reduce the 26S proteasome level and lower the cellular 26S/20S ratio. Under this condition the viability of the Ras-transformed MCF10A cells was severely compromised. This observation led us to hypothesize that cancer cell survival is dependent on maximal utilization of its 26S proteasomes. We validated this possibility in a large number of cancer cell lines and found that partial reduction of the 26S proteasome level impairs viability in all cancer cells examined and was not correlated with cell doubling time or reduction efficiency. Interstingly, normal human fibroblasts are refractory to the same type of 26S proteasome reduction. The suppression of 26S proteasomes in cancer cells activated the UPR and caspase-3 and cells stained positive with Annexin V. In addition, suppression of the 26S proteasome resulted in cellular proteasome redistribution, cytoplasm shrinkage, and nuclear deformation, the hallmarks of apoptosis. The observed tumor cell-specific addiction to the 26S proteasome levels sets the stage for future strategies in exploiting this dependency in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tsvetkov
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Julia Adler
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nadav Myers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Assaf Biran
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nina Reuven
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yosef Shaul
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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46
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Sha Z, Schnell HM, Ruoff K, Goldberg A. Rapid induction of p62 and GABARAPL1 upon proteasome inhibition promotes survival before autophagy activation. J Cell Biol 2018. [PMID: 29535191 PMCID: PMC5940303 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201708168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are thought to adapt to proteasome inhibition by using alternative pathways for degradation such as autophagy. Sha et al. now report that cells rapidly induce GABARAPL1 and p62 upon proteasome inhibition, but this promotes cell survival by sequestering ubiquitinated and sumoylated proteins long before the cells induce other Atg genes and activate autophagy. Proteasome inhibitors are used as research tools and to treat multiple myeloma, and proteasome activity is diminished in several neurodegenerative diseases. We therefore studied how cells compensate for proteasome inhibition. In 4 h, proteasome inhibitor treatment caused dramatic and selective induction of GABARAPL1 (but not other autophagy genes) and p62, which binds ubiquitinated proteins and GABARAPL1 on autophagosomes. Knockdown of p62 or GABARAPL1 reduced cell survival upon proteasome inhibition. p62 induction requires the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 1 (Nrf1), which simultaneously induces proteasome genes. After 20-h exposure to proteasome inhibitors, cells activated autophagy and expression of most autophagy genes by an Nrf1-independent mechanism. Although p62 facilitates the association of ubiquitinated proteins with autophagosomes, its knockdown in neuroblastoma cells blocked the buildup of ubiquitin conjugates in perinuclear aggresomes and of sumoylated proteins in nuclear inclusions but did not reduce the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Thus, upon proteasome inhibition, cells rapidly induce p62 expression, which enhances survival primarily by sequestering ubiquitinated proteins in inclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sha
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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47
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Ararso Z, Ma C, Qi Y, Feng M, Han B, Hu H, Meng L, Li J. Proteome Comparisons between Hemolymph of Two Honeybee Strains (Apis mellifera ligustica) Reveal Divergent Molecular Basis in Driving Hemolymph Function and High Royal Jelly Secretion. J Proteome Res 2017; 17:402-419. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zewdu Ararso
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuping Qi
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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48
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Shi CX, Kortüm KM, Zhu YX, Bruins LA, Jedlowski P, Votruba PG, Luo M, Stewart RA, Ahmann J, Braggio E, Stewart AK. CRISPR Genome-Wide Screening Identifies Dependence on the Proteasome Subunit PSMC6 for Bortezomib Sensitivity in Multiple Myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2862-2870. [PMID: 28958990 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bortezomib is highly effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma; however, emergent drug resistance is common. Consequently, we employed CRISPR targeting 19,052 human genes to identify unbiased targets that contribute to bortezomib resistance. Specifically, we engineered an RPMI8226 multiple myeloma cell line to express Cas9 infected by lentiviral vector CRISPR library and cultured derived cells in doses of bortezomib lethal to parental cells. Sequencing was performed on surviving cells to identify inactivated genes responsible for drug resistance. From two independent whole-genome screens, we selected 31 candidate genes and constructed a second CRISPR sgRNA library, specifically targeting each of these 31 genes with four sgRNAs. After secondary screening for bortezomib resistance, the top 20 "resistance" genes were selected for individual validation. Of these 20 targets, the proteasome regulatory subunit PSMC6 was the only gene validated to reproducibly confer bortezomib resistance. We confirmed that inhibition of chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity by bortezomib was significantly reduced in cells lacking PSMC6. We individually investigated other members of the PSMC group (PSMC1 to 5) and found that deficiency in each of those subunits also imparts bortezomib resistance. We found 36 mutations in 19S proteasome subunits out of 895 patients in the IA10 release of the CoMMpass study (https://themmrf.org). Our findings demonstrate that the PSMC6 subunit is the most prominent target required for bortezomib sensitivity in multiple myeloma cells and should be examined in drug-refractory populations. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(12); 2862-70. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Xin Shi
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - K Martin Kortüm
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona.,Department of Hematology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yuan Xiao Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Laura A Bruins
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Patrick Jedlowski
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Moulun Luo
- Mayo/ASU Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Robert A Stewart
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Jonathan Ahmann
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Esteban Braggio
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - A Keith Stewart
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona. .,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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49
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Regulating protein breakdown through proteasome phosphorylation. Biochem J 2017; 474:3355-3371. [PMID: 28947610 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system degrades the great majority of proteins in mammalian cells. Countless studies have described how ubiquitination promotes the selective degradation of different cell proteins. However, there is a small but the growing literature that protein half-lives can also be regulated by post-translational modifications of the 26S proteasome. The present study reviews the ability of several kinases to alter proteasome function through subunit phosphorylation. For example, PKA (protein kinase A) and DYRK2 (dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2) stimulate the proteasome's ability to degrade ubiquitinated proteins, peptides, and adenosine triphosphate, while one kinase, ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), inhibits proteasome function during apoptosis. Proteasome phosphorylation is likely to be important in regulating protein degradation because it occurs downstream from many hormones and neurotransmitters, in conditions that raise cyclic adenosine monophosphate or cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels, after calcium influx following synaptic depolarization, and during phases of the cell cycle. Beyond its physiological importance, pharmacological manipulation of proteasome phosphorylation has the potential to combat various diseases. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterases by activating PKA or PKG (protein kinase G) can stimulate proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins that cause neurodegenerative or myocardial diseases and even reduce the associated pathology in mouse models. These observations are promising since in many proteotoxic diseases, aggregation-prone proteins impair proteasome function, and disrupt protein homeostasis. Conversely, preventing subunit phosphorylation by DYRK2 slows cell cycle progression and tumor growth. However, further research is essential to determine how phosphorylation of different subunits by these (or other) kinases alters the properties of this complex molecular machine and thus influence protein degradation rates.
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50
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Ben Younes K, Body S, Costé É, Viailly PJ, Miloudi H, Coudre C, Jardin F, Ben Aissa-Fennira F, Sola B. A lowered 26S proteasome activity correlates with mantle lymphoma cell lines resistance to genotoxic stress. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:538. [PMID: 28797244 PMCID: PMC5553741 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3530-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell hemopathy characterized by the t(11;14) translocation and the aberrant overexpression of cyclin D1. This results in an unrestrained cell proliferation. Other genetic alterations are common in MCL cells such as SOX11 expression, mutations of ATM and/or TP53 genes, activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and NOTCH receptors. These alterations lead to the deregulation of the apoptotic machinery and resistance to drugs. We observed that among a panel of MCL cell lines, REC1 cells were resistant towards genotoxic stress. We studied the molecular basis of this resistance. Methods We analyzed the cell response regarding apoptosis, senescence, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage response and finally the 26S proteasome activity following a genotoxic treatment that causes double strand DNA breaks. Results MCL cell lines displayed various sensitivity/resistance towards genotoxic stress and, in particular, REC1 cells did not enter apoptosis or senescence after an etoposide treatment. Moreover, the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint was deficient in REC1 cells. We observed that three main actors of apoptosis, senescence and cell cycle regulation (cyclin D1, MCL1 and CDC25A) failed to be degraded by the proteasome machinery in REC1 cells. We ruled out a default of the βTrCP E3-ubiquitine ligase but detected a lowered 26S proteasome activity in REC1 cells compared to other cell lines. Conclusion The resistance of MCL cells to genotoxic stress correlates with a low 26S proteasome activity. This could represent a relevant biomarker for a subtype of MCL patients with a poor response to therapies and a high risk of relapse. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3530-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Ben Younes
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,Faculté de médecine, Laboratoire de Génétique, d'Immunologie et de Pathologie humaines, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Simon Body
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Élodie Costé
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Pierre-Julien Viailly
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,Département d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Hadjer Miloudi
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Clémence Coudre
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,Département d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Fatma Ben Aissa-Fennira
- Faculté de médecine, Laboratoire de Génétique, d'Immunologie et de Pathologie humaines, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Brigitte Sola
- Normandie Univ, INSERM UMR 1245, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, Caen, France. .,MICAH, UFR Santé, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14032, Caen Cedex, France.
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