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Larsson P, Pettersson D, Olsson M, Sarathchandra S, Abramsson A, Zetterberg H, Ittner E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K, Parris TZ. Repurposing proteasome inhibitors for improved treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:57. [PMID: 38286854 PMCID: PMC10825133 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options due to the lack of important receptors (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]) used for targeted therapy. However, high-throughput in vitro drug screening of cell lines is a powerful tool for identifying effective drugs for a disease. Here, we determine the intrinsic chemosensitivity of TNBC cell lines to proteasome inhibitors (PIs), thereby identifying potentially potent 2-drug combinations for TNBC. Eight TNBC cell lines (BT-549, CAL-148, HCC1806, HCC38, HCC70, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-453, and MDA-MB-468) and two controls (MCF-10A and MCF-7) were first exposed to 18 drugs (11 PIs and 7 clinically relevant chemotherapeutic agents) as monotherapy, followed by prediction of potent 2-drug combinations using the IDACombo pipeline. The synergistic effects of the 2-drug combinations were evaluated with SynergyFinder in four TNBC cell lines (CAL-148, HCC1806, HCC38, and MDA-MB-468) and three controls (BT-474, MCF-7, and T47D) in vitro, followed by further evaluation of tumor regression in zebrafish tumor models established using HCC1806 and MCF-7 cells. Monotherapy identified nine effective drugs (bortezomib, carfilzomib, cisplatin, delanzomib, docetaxel, epoxomicin, MLN-2238, MLN-9708, and nedaplatin) across all cell lines. PIs (e.g., bortezomib, delanzomib, and epoxomicin) were highly potent drugs in TNBC cells, of which bortezomib and delanzomib inhibited the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20 S proteasome by 100% at 10 µM. Moreover, several potent 2-drug combinations (e.g., bortezomib+nedaplatin and epoxomicin+epirubicin) that killed virtually 100% of cells were also identified. Although HCC1806- and MCF-7-derived xenografts treated with bortezomib+nedaplatin and carboplatin+paclitaxel were smaller, HCC1806 cells frequently metastasized to the trunk region. Taken together, we show that PIs used in combination with platinum agents or topoisomerase inhibitors exhibit increased efficiency with almost 100% inhibition in TNBC cell lines, indicating that PIs are therefore promising compounds to use as combination therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Larsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maxim Olsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Alexandra Abramsson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ella Ittner
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Thomas R, Forssell-Aronsson E, Hjellström M, Insulander Björk K, Piñero-García F, Isaksson M. Analysis of radioactivity in commercially available products aiming to improve health and wellness. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2023; 199:1392-1400. [PMID: 37409381 PMCID: PMC10411385 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
There are products available on the online market that are claim to contain unique 'energies' that can improve health and wellness by eliminating toxins and pains and energising food and drinking water. We investigated these products by alpha and gamma spectrometry, and the analysis showed that they contained a few to hundreds of kilobecquerels per kilogram of naturally occurring radionuclides from the 232Th and 238U series. The committed effective dose for an adult drinking water that had been in contact with these products just once was estimated to 12 nSv. Considering a worst-case scenario for the workers inhaling the radioactive substance, 1 d of work would result in an effective dose of 0.39 mSv. The product descriptions do not mention the radionuclide content, and concerns are raised for the consumers and workers exposed to these products with no knowledge of the radioactive content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimon Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Martin Hjellström
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Klara Insulander Björk
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Francisco Piñero-García
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Mats Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
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Alattar AG, Kristiansson A, Karlsson H, Vallius S, Ahlstedt J, Forssell-Aronsson E, Åkerström B, Strand SE, Flygare J, Gram M. Recombinant α 1-Microglobulin (rA1M) Protects against Hematopoietic and Renal Toxicity, Alone and in Combination with Amino Acids, in a 177Lu-DOTATATE Mouse Radiation Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:928. [PMID: 37371508 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
177Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is used clinically to treat metastasized or unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Although 177Lu-DOTATATE is mostly well tolerated in patients, bone marrow suppression and long-term renal toxicity are still side effects that should be considered. Amino acids are often used to minimize renal radiotoxicity, however, they are associated with nausea and vomiting in patients. α1-microglobulin (A1M) is an antioxidant with heme- and radical-scavenging abilities. A recombinant form (rA1M) has previously been shown to be renoprotective in preclinical models, including in PRRT-induced kidney damage. Here, we further investigated rA1M's renal protective effect in a mouse 177Lu-DOTATATE model in terms of administration route and dosing regimen and as a combined therapy with amino acids (Vamin). Moreover, we investigated the protective effect of rA1M on peripheral blood and bone marrow cells, as well as circulatory biomarkers. Intravenous (i.v.) administration of rA1M reduced albuminuria levels and circulatory levels of the oxidative stress-related protein fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21). Dual injections of rA1M (i.e., at 0 and 24 h post-177Lu-DOTATATE administration) preserved bone marrow cellularity and peripheral blood reticulocytes. Administration of Vamin, alone or in combination with rA1M, did not show any protection of bone marrow cellularity or peripheral reticulocytes. In conclusion, this study suggests that rA1M, administered i.v. for two consecutive days in conjunction with 177Lu-DOTATATE, may reduce hematopoietic and kidney toxicity during PRRT with 177Lu-DOTATATE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ghani Alattar
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Amanda Kristiansson
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena Karlsson
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Suvi Vallius
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Ahlstedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CIPA, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Åkerström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section for Infection Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Strand
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Flygare
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gram
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Piñero-García F, Thomas R, Mantero J, Forssell-Aronsson E, Isaksson M. Biodistribution of naturally occurring radionuclides and radiocesium in wild European perch (Perca fluviatilis). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 260:115085. [PMID: 37267782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wild European perch (Perca fluviatilis) is one of the most important freshwater fish species, in Sweden, due to its widespread and his value for recreational fishing. Little it is known regarding the biodistribution of naturally occurring radionuclides such as 238U, 234U, 226Ra, 210Po in perch. Therefore, in this study, perches from five lakes located in different counties in Sweden were collected to investigate the biodistribution of 238U, 234U, 226Ra, 210Po and 137Cs in organs and tissues of perch as well as their radiological impact. The results showed that uranium radionuclides ranged between 0.1 and 6 Bq/kg with an average value of 1.1 ± 1.5 Bq/kg. 226Ra varied from 0.4 to 8 Bq/kg with a mean concentration of 1.7 ± 1.9 Bq/kg. The ranged of 210Po was 0.5 - 250 Bq/kg, with an average value of 24 ± 52 Bq/kg. On the other hand, the highest activity concentration of 137Cs, 151 ± 1 Bq/kg, was detected in muscle samples of perch from Redsjösjön lake. For uranium radionuclides and 226Ra uptake from water is the main source whereas for 210Po and 137Cs the uptake is controlled by the perch diet. Regarding naturally occurring radionuclides, the perch tended to accumulated uranium radionuclides in fins, gills, and skin; 226Ra in bones, fins and skin and 210Po in the organs linked to digestive system. Finally, in case of consumption, it is advised the consumption of skinned fillets of perch due to the higher bioaccumulation of the radionuclides investigated in the skin and scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Piñero-García
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden.
| | - R Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - J Mantero
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden; Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
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Rassol N, Andersson C, Pettersson D, Al-Awar A, Shubbar E, Kovács A, Åkerström B, Gram M, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Co-administration with A1M does not influence apoptotic response of 177Lu-octreotate in GOT1 neuroendocrine tumors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6417. [PMID: 37076494 PMCID: PMC10115890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant α1-microglobulin (A1M) is a proposed radioprotector during 177Lu-octreotate therapy of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). To ensure a maintained therapeutic effect, we previously demonstrated that A1M does not affect the 177Lu-octreotate induced decrease in GOT1 tumor volume. However, the underlying biological events of these findings are still unknown. The aim of this work was to examine the regulation of apoptosis-related genes in GOT1 tumors short-time after i.v. administration of 177Lu-octreotate with and without A1M or A1M alone. Human GOT1 tumor-bearing mice received 30 MBq 177Lu-octreotate or 5 mg/kg A1M or co-treatment with both. Animals were sacrificed after 1 or 7 days. Gene expression analysis of apoptosis-related genes in GOT1 tissue was performed with RT-PCR. In general, similar expression patterns of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes were found after 177Lu-octreotate exposure with or without co-administration of A1M. The highest regulated genes in both irradiated groups compared to untreated controls were FAS and TNFSFRS10B. Administration of A1M alone only resulted in significantly regulated genes after 7 days. Co-administration of A1M did not negatively affect the transcriptional apoptotic response of 177Lu-octreotate in GOT1 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishte Rassol
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Charlotte Andersson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amin Al-Awar
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Åkerström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gram
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Larsson P, Pettersson D, Olsson M, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K, Parris TZ. Abstract P4-08-17: Repurposing proteasome inhibitors for improved treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-08-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The de novo drug development process is expensive and challenging, with a high risk of failure. Drug repurposing can ideally identify novel therapeutic indications for FDA-approved drugs with pre-existing pre-clinical and clinical evidence. Both aspirin and tamoxifen drugs are good examples of successful drug repurposing in oncology. Although proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib and carfilzomib are currently only used to treat multiple myeloma and basal cell lymphoma, we and others have shown that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is particularly sensitive to proteasome inhibition. TNBC is an aggressive form of breast cancer with an urgent need for novel treatment options. Here, we evaluate the potency of proteasome inhibitors and other clinically relevant chemotherapeutic agents on TNBC cell lines. Methods: We performed a high-throughput drug sensitivity screen with eight cell lines representing the four TNBC subtypes (basal-like 1: HCC70 and MDA-MB-468; basal-like 2: HCC1806 and MDA-MB-436; mesenchymal-like: BT-549 and HCC38; luminal androgen receptor: CAL-148 and MDA-MB-435) and MCF-7 as control (estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive) exposed to 18 drugs (11 proteasome inhibitors, 2 mitosis inhibitors, 2 topoisomerase inhibitors, and 3 platinum agents) for 24 hours. Drug potency was determined using the IC50, GR50, GRmax drug metrics. IDACombo was then used to predict efficacious drug combinations, followed by calculation of synergistic drug combinations with SynergyFinder. Results: TNBC cell lines were generally more sensitive to proteasome inhibitors with significantly reduced cell viability than clinically relevant drugs, e.g. paclitaxel. Although the potency of different proteasome inhibitors varied, the most potent proteasome inhibitors included bortezomib, carfilzomib, delanzomib, epoxomicin, and MLN-2238. According to the GR50 values, HCC38 (range, 8.2-382.7 nM) and MDA-MB-468 (range, 10.8-110.6 nM) were most sensitive to proteasome inhibition, whereas the least sensitive TNBC cell lines were HCC1806 (range, 289.9-Inf nM) and BT-549 (range, 101.0-Inf nM). Using the drug sensitivity screening results for single drugs, IDACombo predicted potent drug combinations for different combinations of bortezomib, carboplatin, carfilzomib, delanzomib, docetaxel, doxorubicin, epirubicin, epoxomicin, MLN-2238, MLN-9708, and nedaplatin. Conclusions: In summary, some proteasome inhibitors (e.g. bortezomib) had a substantial impact on TNBC cell survival. These findings indicate that proteasome inhibitors, together with other forms of chemotherapy, may be further explored as a novel complement treatment for TNBC.
Citation Format: Peter Larsson, Daniella Pettersson, Maxim Olsson, Eva Forssell-Aronsson, Anikó Kovács, Per Karlsson, Khalil Helou, Toshima Z. Parris. Repurposing proteasome inhibitors for improved treatment of triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Larsson
- 1Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- 2Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maxim Olsson
- 3Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- 4Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- 5Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- 6Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- 7Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z. Parris
- 8Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Larsson P, Pettersson D, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K, Parris TZ. Pan-cancer analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data reveals the prognostic relevance of human proteasome genes in different cancer types. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:993. [PMID: 36123629 PMCID: PMC9484138 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human proteasome gene family (PSM) consists of 49 genes that play a crucial role in cancer proteostasis. However, little is known about the effect of PSM gene expression and genetic alterations on clinical outcome in different cancer forms. Methods Here, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of genetic alterations in PSM genes and the subsequent prognostic value of PSM expression using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) containing over 10,000 samples representing up to 33 different cancer types. External validation was performed using a breast cancer cohort and KM plotter with four cancer types. Results The PSM genetic alteration frequency was high in certain cancer types (e.g. 67%; esophageal adenocarcinoma), with DNA amplification being most common. Compared with normal tissue, most PSM genes were predominantly overexpressed in cancer. Survival analysis also established a relationship with PSM gene expression and adverse clinical outcome, where PSMA1 and PSMD11 expression were linked to more unfavorable prognosis in ≥ 30% of cancer types for both overall survival (OS) and relapse-free interval (PFI). Interestingly, PSMB5 gene expression was associated with OS (36%) and PFI (27%), and OS for PSMD2 (42%), especially when overexpressed. Conclusion These findings indicate that several PSM genes may potentially be prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for different cancer forms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10079-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Larsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lundholm L, Montelius M, Jalnefjord O, Forssell-Aronsson E, Ljungberg M. VERDICT MRI for radiation treatment response assessment in neuroendocrine tumors. NMR Biomed 2022; 35:e4680. [PMID: 34957637 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive methods to study changes in tumor microstructure enable early assessment of treatment response and thus facilitate personalized treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diffusion MRI model, Vascular, Extracellular and Restricted Diffusion for Cytometry in Tumors (VERDICT), for early response assessment to external radiation treatment and to compare the results with those of more studied sets of parameters derived from diffusion-weighted MRI data. Mice xenografted with human small intestine tumors were treated with external radiation treatment, and diffusion MRI experiments were performed on the day before and up to 2 weeks after treatment. The diffusion models VERDICT, ADC, IVIM, and DKI were fitted to MRI data, and the treatment response of each tumor was calculated based on pretreatment tumor growth and post-treatment tumor volume regression. Linear regression and correlation analysis were used to evaluate each model and their respective parameters for explaining the treatment response. VERDICT analysis showed significant changes from day -1 to day 3 for the intracellular and extracellular volume fraction, as well as the cell radius index (p < 0.05; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). The strongest correlation between the diffusion model parameters and the tumor treatment response was seen for the ADC, kurtosis-corrected diffusion coefficient, and intracellular volume fraction on day 3 (τ = 0.47, 0.52, and -0.49, respectively, p < 0.05; Kendall rank correlation coefficient). Of all the tested models, VERDICT held the strongest explanatory value for the tumor treatment response on day 3 (R2 = 0.75, p < 0.01; linear regression). In conclusion, VERDICT has potential for early assessment of external radiation treatment and may provide further insights into the underlying biological effects of radiation on tumor tissue. In addition, the results suggest that the time window for assessment of treatment response using dMRI may be narrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lundholm
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Montelius
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oscar Jalnefjord
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, MRI Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, MRI Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Ljungberg
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, MRI Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Thomas R, Mantero J, Cánovas CR, Holm E, García-Tenorio R, Forssell-Aronsson E, Isaksson M. Natural radioactivity and element characterization in pit lakes in Northern Sweden. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266002. [PMID: 35358244 PMCID: PMC8970354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Northern Sweden has been the object of intense metal mining in the last decades producing several water-filled open-pits, or pit lakes. Most of these pit lakes have been limed to maintain a good water quality and to prevent generation of acidic water that could leach the exposed rocks and release metals into water. The aim of this work was to examine the concentration of stable elements and naturally occurring radionuclides in water and sediment samples from pit lakes originating from non-uranium mining activities in Northern Sweden. Surface water and surface sediments were collected from 27 pit lakes in Northern Sweden. Water quality parameters, concentration of stable elements and radionuclides were measured by a water probe, ICP-MS and XRF, and alpha and gamma spectrometry, respectively. Furthermore, a multivariate statistical analysis (PCA) was performed on the water samples and sediments. In general, the quality of the surface water was good, but some lakes had low pH values (2.5–5.7), and high concentrations of Fe (up to 200 mg/L) and other metals (e.g. Zn, Cu). When relating the metal concentrations in sediments in pit lakes with the concentration found in natural lakes, some sites had relatively high levels of Cu, As, Cr and Pb. The activity concentration of 210Po, and U and Th isotopes in water and sediment samples were at environmental levels, as was the ambient dose equivalent rate at these sites (range 0.08–0.14 μSv/h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimon Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan Mantero
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz Cánovas
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Elis Holm
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rafael García-Tenorio
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish National Accelerator Centre (CNA), University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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10
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Larsson M, Rudqvist NP, Spetz J, Parris TZ, Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Age-related long-term response in rat thyroid tissue and plasma after internal low dose exposure to 131I. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2107. [PMID: 35136135 PMCID: PMC8825795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
131I is used clinically for therapy, and may be released during nuclear accidents. After the Chernobyl accident papillary thyroid carcinoma incidence increased in children, but not adults. The aims of this study were to compare 131I irradiation-dependent differences in RNA and protein expression in the thyroid and plasma of young and adult rats, and identify potential age-dependent biomarkers for 131I exposure. Twelve young (5 weeks) and twelve adult Sprague Dawley rats (17 weeks) were i.v. injected with 50 kBq 131I (absorbed dose to thyroid = 0.1 Gy), and sixteen unexposed age-matched rats were used as controls. The rats were killed 3-9 months after administration. Microarray analysis was performed using RNA from thyroid samples, while LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on proteins extracted from thyroid tissue and plasma. Canonical pathways, biological functions and upstream regulators were analysed for the identified transcripts and proteins. Distinct age-dependent differences in gene and protein expression were observed. Novel biomarkers for thyroid 131I exposure were identified: (PTH), age-dependent dose response (CA1, FTL1, PVALB (youngsters) and HSPB6 (adults)), thyroid function (Vegfb (adults)). Further validation using clinical samples are needed to explore the role of the identified biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Larsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nils-Petter Rudqvist
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- UT Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Elvborn M, Shubbar E, Forssell-Aronsson E. Hyperfractionated Treatment with 177Lu-Octreotate Increases Tumor Response in Human Small-Intestine Neuroendocrine GOT1 Tumor Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14010235. [PMID: 35008397 PMCID: PMC8750112 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroendocrine tumors are slow growing and initially associated with vague symptoms and, therefore, often spread in the patient’s body at diagnosis, leading to a poor prognosis without means of curation through surgery. Although tumor-targeting treatments exist and are used in clinics, they are not fully optimized. The aim of this study was to test different dosages and time intervals of the radioactive pharmaceutical 177Lu-octreotate. We found that dividing a dosage into several portions and administering it at short time intervals resulted in a stronger tumor reduction and/or prolonged time for regrowth in mice than if given as a single dose. The biggest differences were seen in the lower dosage levels of the study. The findings indicate that there is clear room for improvements in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors with 177Lu-octreotate. Abstract Radionuclide treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors has advanced in the last decades with favorable results using 177Lu-octreotate. However, the gap between the high cure rate in animal studies vs. patient studies indicates a potential to increase the curation of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the tumor response for different fractionation schemes with 177Lu-octreotate. BALB/c mice bearing a human small-intestine neuroendocrine GOT1 tumor were either mock treated with saline or injected intravenously with a total of 30–120 MBq of 177Lu-octreotate: 1 × 30, 2 × 15, 1 × 60, 2 × 30, 1 × 120, 2 × 60, or 3 × 40 MBq. The tumor volume was measured twice per week until the end of the experiment. The mean tumor volume for mice that received 2 × 15 = 30 and 1 × 30 MBq 177Lu-octreotate was reduced by 61% and 52%, respectively. The mean tumor volume was reduced by 91% and 44% for mice that received 2 × 30 = 60 and 1 × 60 MBq 177Lu-octreotate, respectively. After 120 MBq 177Lu-octreotate, given as 1–3 fractions, the mean tumor volume was reduced by 91–97%. Multiple fractions resulted in delayed regrowth and prolonged overall survival by 20–25% for the 120 MBq groups and by 45% for lower total activities, relative to one fraction. The results indicate that fractionation and hyperfractionation of 177Lu-octreotate are beneficial for tumor reduction and prolongs the time to regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Elvborn
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.S.); (E.F.-A.)
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)-31-342-95-99
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.S.); (E.F.-A.)
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.S.); (E.F.-A.)
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Larsson M, Rudqvist N, Spetz J, Shubbar E, Parris TZ, Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Correction: Long-term transcriptomic and proteomic effects in Sprague Dawley rat thyroid and plasma after internal low dose 131I exposure. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259429. [PMID: 34705896 PMCID: PMC8550389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Romiani A, Spetz J, Shubbar E, Lind DE, Hallberg B, Palmer RH, Forssell-Aronsson E. Neuroblastoma xenograft models demonstrate the therapeutic potential of 177Lu-octreotate. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:950. [PMID: 34433438 PMCID: PMC8386073 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors in infants. NB is a neuroendocrine tumor type with various characteristics and features, and with diverse outcome. The most malignant NBs have a 5-year survival rate of only 40-50%, indicating the need for novel and improved treatment options. 177Lu-octreotate is routinely administered for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors overexpressing somatostatin receptors (SSTR). The aim of this study was to examine the biodistribution of 177Lu-octreotate in mice bearing aggressive human NB cell lines, in order to evaluate the potential usefulness of 177Lu-octreotate for treatment of NB. METHODS BALB/c nude mice bearing CLB-BAR, CLB-GE or IMR-32 tumor xenografts (n = 5-7/group) were i.v. injected with 0.15 MBq, 1.5 MBq or 15 MBq 177Lu-octreotate and sacrificed 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 168 h after administration. The radioactivity concentration was determined for collected tissue samples, tumor-to-normal-tissue activity concentration ratios (T/N) and mean absorbed dose for each tissue were calculated. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for SSTR1-5, and Ki67 were carried out for tumor xenografts from the three cell lines. RESULTS High 177Lu concentration levels and T/N values were observed in all NB tumors, with the highest for CLB-GE tumor xenografts (72%IA/g 24 h p.i.; 1.5 MBq 177Lu-octreotate). The mean absorbed dose to the tumor was 6.8 Gy, 54 Gy and 29 Gy for CLB-BAR, CLB-GE and IMR-32, respectively, p.i. of 15 MBq 177Lu-octreotate. Receptor saturation was clearly observed in CLB-BAR, resulting in higher concentration levels in the tumor when lower activity levels where administered. IHC staining demonstrated highest expression of SSTR2 in CLB-GE, followed by CLB-BAR and IMR-32. CONCLUSION T/N values for all three human NB tumor xenograft types investigated were high relative to previously investigated neuroendocrine tumor types. The results indicate a clear potential of 177Lu-octreotate as a therapeutic alternative for metastatic NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Romiani
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Physics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-41345, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dan E Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Ivarsson T, Melin K, Carlsson Å, Ljungberg M, Forssell-Aronsson E, Starck G, Skarphedinsson G. Neurochemical properties measured by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy may predict cognitive behaviour therapy outcome in paediatric OCD: a pilot study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1361-1370. [PMID: 34415439 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To identify neurochemical factors measured pre-treatment that may predict cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT) outcome, aiming at understanding possible causes of poor CBT response. 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used before treatment with CBT in treatment naïve 11-18 year-old patients with moderate-severe OCD. Diagnoses and assessment of OCD severity were based on semi-structured interviews. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyse the association between metabolite level and treatment outcome. Worse CBT outcome was associated with higher concentration of glutamine and glutamate combined (Glx) in middle cingulate cortex (MCC) (F = + 3.35, p = 0.004) and of N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate combined (tNAA) (F = + 2.59, p = 0.019). Also, we noted a tendency towards higher thalamic Glx concentration (F = + 1.91, p = 0.077) to be associated with worse CBT outcome. In general, the findings of the current pilot study are compatible with the hypothesis of an overweight of excitatory to inhibitory factors in brain circuits driving goal-directed behaviours (GDB). Higher MCC Glx and tNAA may be involved in the selection of GDB. A more detailed understanding of how these brain areas function in health and illness is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tord Ivarsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Melin
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Carlsson
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Ljungberg
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Starck
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gudmundur Skarphedinsson
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Nyi Gardur, Saemundargata 12, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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15
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Nyqvist J, Kovács A, Einbeigi Z, Karlsson P, Forssell-Aronsson E, Helou K, Parris TZ. Genetic alterations associated with multiple primary malignancies. Cancer Med 2021; 10:4465-4477. [PMID: 34057285 PMCID: PMC8267160 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) patients are frequently at risk of developing other malignancies following treatment. Although studies have been conducted to elucidate the etiology of multiple primary malignancies (MPM) after a BC diagnosis, few studies have investigated other previously diagnosed primary malignancies (OPPM) before BC. Here, genome‐wide profiling was used to identify potential driver DNA copy number alterations and somatic mutations that promote the development of MPMs. To compare the genomic profiles for two primary tumors (BC and OPPM) from the same patient, tumor pairs from 26 young women (≤50 years) diagnosed with one or more primary malignancies before breast cancer were analyzed. Malignant melanoma was the most frequent OPPM, followed by gynecologic‐ and hematologic malignancies. However, significantly more genetic alterations were detected in BC compared to the OPPM. BC also showed more genetic similarity as a group than the tumor pairs. Clonality testing showed that genetic alterations on chromosomes 1, 3, 16, and 19 were concordant in both tumors in 13 patients. TP53 mutations were also found to be prevalent in BC, MM, and HM. Although all samples were classified as genetically unstable, chromothripsis‐like patterns were primarily observed in BC. Taken together, few recurrent genetic alterations were identified in both tumor pairs that can explain the development of MPMs in the same patient. However, larger studies are warranted to further investigate key driver mutations associated with MPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Nyqvist
- Department of Surgery, Skaraborg Hospital, Lidköping, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Medicine, Southern Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Larsson M, Rudqvist N, Spetz J, Shubbar E, Parris TZ, Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Long-term transcriptomic and proteomic effects in Sprague Dawley rat thyroid and plasma after internal low dose 131I exposure. PLoS One 2021; 15:e0244098. [PMID: 33382739 PMCID: PMC7774980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radioiodide (131I) is commonly used to treat thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidis.131I released during nuclear accidents, have resulted in increased incidence of thyroid cancer in children. Therefore, a better understanding of underlying cellular mechanisms behind 131I exposure is of great clinical and radiation protection interest. The aim of this work was to study the long-term dose-related effects of 131I exposure in thyroid tissue and plasma in young rats and identify potential biomarkers. Materials and methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (5-week-old) were i.v. injected with 0.5, 5.0, 50 or 500 kBq 131I (Dthyroid ca 1–1000 mGy), and killed after nine months at which time the thyroid and blood samples were collected. Gene expression microarray analysis (thyroid samples) and LC-MS/MS analysis (thyroid and plasma samples) were performed to assess differential gene and protein expression profiles in treated and corresponding untreated control samples. Bioinformatics analyses were performed using the DAVID functional annotation tool and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The gene expression microarray data and LC-MS/MS data were validated using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Results Nine 131I exposure-related candidate biomarkers (transcripts: Afp and RT1-Bb, and proteins: ARF3, DLD, IKBKB, NONO, RAB6A, RPN2, and SLC25A5) were identified in thyroid tissue. Two dose-related protein candidate biomarkers were identified in thyroid (APRT and LDHA) and two in plasma (DSG4 and TGM3). Candidate biomarkers for thyroid function included the ACADL and SORBS2 (all activities), TPO and TG proteins (low activities). 131I exposure was shown to have a profound effect on metabolism, immune system, apoptosis and cell death. Furthermore, several signalling pathways essential for normal cellular function (actin cytoskeleton signalling, HGF signalling, NRF2-mediated oxidative stress, integrin signalling, calcium signalling) were also significantly regulated. Conclusion Exposure-related and dose-related effects on gene and protein expression generated few expression patterns useful as biomarkers for thyroid function and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Larsson
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Spetz
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z. Parris
- Departments of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Departments of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Thomas R, Mantero J, Pérez-Moreno SM, Ruiz-Canovas C, Vioque I, Isaksson M, Forssell-Aronsson E, Holm E, García-Tenorio R. 226Ra, 210Po and lead isotopes in a pit lake water profile in Sweden. J Environ Radioact 2020; 223-224:106384. [PMID: 32919820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A pit lake arises as a consequence of anthropogenic activities in opencast mining areas. These water bodies may be enriched in hazardous stable contaminants and/or in naturally occurring radionuclides depending on the local geological conditions. Mining legacy in Sweden produced hundreds of these pit lakes and most of them are used for recreational purposes in the southern part of the country. In this paper, one pit lake was selected for having enhanced levels of natural radionuclides. Physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, dissolved oxygen and depth), elemental composition (via Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and radiometric characterization (via alpha spectrometry of 226Ra, 210Po and 210Pb) were carried along the depth of a 60 m depth pit lake, with the main aim to describe how natural radionuclides and elements behaves with depth in a non-uraniferous pit lake. Based on observed changes in physico-chemical parameters, a thermocline and a chemocline region were identified at around 10 and 30 m depth respectively. Concerning radionuclides, 226Ra ranged from 75 ± 3 up to 360 ± 12 mBq/kg while 210Po ranged from 11 ± 1 up to 71 ± 3 mBq/kg. 210Pb distribution with depth was also determined via secular equilibrium with 210Po after 2 years and also stable Pb was measured. Disequilibrium 226Ra-210Pb was found and the residence time of 210Pb in the water column was assessed. Additionally, different vertical distributions between 210Pb and Pb were found which points out different sources for different lead isotopes in the water body.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thomas
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - J Mantero
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden; Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain.
| | - S M Pérez-Moreno
- Group of Radiation Physics and Environment, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - C Ruiz-Canovas
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Huelva, 21071, Spain
| | - I Vioque
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - E Holm
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - R García-Tenorio
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain; Spanish National Accelerator Centre (CNA), US-JA-CSIC, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
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18
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Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. The IRI-DICE hypothesis: ionizing radiation-induced DSBs may have a functional role for non-deterministic responses at low doses. Radiat Environ Biophys 2020; 59:349-355. [PMID: 32583290 PMCID: PMC7368863 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose ionizing radiation (IR) responses remain an unresolved issue in radiation biology and risk assessment. Accurate knowledge of low-dose responses is important for estimation of normal tissue risk in cancer radiotherapy or health risks from occupational or hazard exposure. Cellular responses to low-dose IR appear diverse and stochastic in nature and to date no model has been proposed to explain the underlying mechanisms. Here, we propose a hypothesis on IR-induced double-strand break (DSB)-induced cis effects (IRI-DICE) and introduce DNA sequence functionality as a submicron-scale target site with functional outcome on gene expression: DSB induction in a certain genetic target site such as promotor, regulatory element, or gene core would lead to changes in transcript expression, which may range from suppression to overexpression depending on which functional element was damaged. The DNA damage recognition and repair machinery depicts threshold behavior requiring a certain number of DSBs for induction. Stochastically distributed persistent disruption of gene expression may explain-in part-the diverse nature of low-dose responses until the repair machinery is initiated at increased absorbed dose. Radiation quality and complexity of DSB lesions are also discussed. Currently, there are no technologies available to irradiate specific genetic sites to test the IRI-DICE hypothesis directly. However, supportive evidence may be achieved by developing a computational model that combines radiation transport codes with a genomic DNA model that includes sequence functionality and transcription to simulate expression changes in an irradiated cell population. To the best of our knowledge, IRI-DICE is the first hypothesis that includes sequence functionality of different genetic elements in the radiation response and provides a model for the diversity of radiation responses in the (very) low dose regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Larsson P, Engqvist H, Biermann J, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K, Parris TZ. Optimization of cell viability assays to improve replicability and reproducibility of cancer drug sensitivity screens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5798. [PMID: 32242081 PMCID: PMC7118156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer drug development has been riddled with high attrition rates, in part, due to poor reproducibility of preclinical models for drug discovery. Poor experimental design and lack of scientific transparency may cause experimental biases that in turn affect data quality, robustness and reproducibility. Here, we pinpoint sources of experimental variability in conventional 2D cell-based cancer drug screens to determine the effect of confounders on cell viability for MCF7 and HCC38 breast cancer cell lines treated with platinum agents (cisplatin and carboplatin) and a proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib). Variance component analysis demonstrated that variations in cell viability were primarily associated with the choice of pharmaceutical drug and cell line, and less likely to be due to the type of growth medium or assay incubation time. Furthermore, careful consideration should be given to different methods of storing diluted pharmaceutical drugs and use of DMSO controls due to the potential risk of evaporation and the subsequent effect on dose-response curves. Optimization of experimental parameters not only improved data quality substantially but also resulted in reproducible results for bortezomib- and cisplatin-treated HCC38, MCF7, MCF-10A, and MDA-MB-436 cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that replicability (the same analyst re-performs the same experiment multiple times) and reproducibility (different analysts perform the same experiment using different experimental conditions) for cell-based drug screens can be improved by identifying potential confounders and subsequent optimization of experimental parameters for each cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Larsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jana Biermann
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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Sandblom V, Spetz J, Shubbar E, Montelius M, Ståhl I, Swanpalmer J, Nilsson O, Forssell-Aronsson E. Gemcitabine potentiates the anti-tumour effect of radiation on medullary thyroid cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225260. [PMID: 31725814 PMCID: PMC6855663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) are often diagnosed with spread tumour disease and the development of better systemic treatment options for these patients is important. Treatment with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue 177Lu-octreotate is already a promising option but can be optimised. For example, combination treatment with another substance could increase the effect on tumour tissue. Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analogue that has been shown to sensitise tumour cells to radiation. The aim of this study was to investigate potentially additive or synergistic effects of combining radiation with gemcitabine for treatment of MTC. Nude mice transplanted with patient-derived MTC tumours (GOT2) were divided into groups and treated with radiation and/or gemcitabine. Radiation treatment was given as 177Lu-octreotate or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). The volume of treated and untreated tumours was followed. The absorbed dose and amount of gemcitabine were chosen to give moderate tumour volume reduction when given as monotherapy to enable detection of increased effects from combination treatment. After follow-up, the mice were killed and tumours were immunohistochemically (IHC) analysed. Overall, the animals that received a combination of EBRT and gemcitabine showed the largest reduction in tumour volume. Monotherapy with EBRT or gemcitabine also resulted in a clear detrimental effect on tumour volume, while the animals that received 177Lu-octreotate monotherapy showed similar response as the untreated animals. The GOT2 tumour was confirmed in the IHC analyses by markers for MTC. The IHC analyses also revealed that the proliferative activity of tumour cells was similar in all tumours, but indicated that fibrotic tissue was more common after EBRT and/or gemcitabine treatment. The results indicate that an additive, or even synergistic, effect may be achieved by combining radiation with gemcitabine for treatment of MTC. Future studies should be performed to evaluate the full potential of combining 177Lu-octreotate with gemcitabine in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Sandblom
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Montelius
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingun Ståhl
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Swanpalmer
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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21
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Jalnefjord O, Montelius M, Arvidsson J, Forssell-Aronsson E, Starck G, Ljungberg M. Data-driven identification of tumor subregions based on intravoxel incoherent motion reveals association with proliferative activity. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1480-1490. [PMID: 31081969 PMCID: PMC6767386 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis gives information on tissue diffusion and perfusion and may thus have a potential for e.g. tumor tissue characterization. This work aims to study if clustering based on IVIM parameter maps can identify tumor subregions, and to assess the relevance of obtained subregions by histological analysis. METHODS Fourteen mice with human neuroendocrine tumors were examined with diffusion-weighted imaging to obtain IVIM parameter maps. Gaussian mixture models with IVIM maps from all tumors as input were used to partition voxels into k clusters, where k = 2 was chosen for further analysis based on goodness of fit. Clustering was performed with and without the perfusion-related IVIM parameter D * , and with and without including spatial information. The validity of the clustering was assessed by comparison with corresponding histologically stained tumor sections. A Ki-67-based index quantifying the degree of tumor proliferation was considered appropriate for the comparison based on the obtained cluster characteristics. RESULTS The clustering resulted in one class with low diffusion and high perfusion and another with slightly higher diffusion and low perfusion. Strong agreement was found between tumor subregions identified by clustering and subregions identified by histological analysis, both regarding size and spatial agreement. Neither D * nor spatial information had substantial effects on the clustering results. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that IVIM parameter maps can be used to identify tumor subregions using a data-driven framework based on Gaussian mixture models. In the studied tumor model, the obtained subregions showed agreement with proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Jalnefjord
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Montelius
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Arvidsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Starck
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Ljungberg
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Kristiansson A, Ahlstedt J, Holmqvist B, Brinte A, Tran TA, Forssell-Aronsson E, Strand SE, Gram M, Åkerström B. Protection of Kidney Function with Human Antioxidation Protein α 1-Microglobulin in a Mouse 177Lu-DOTATATE Radiation Therapy Model. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1746-1759. [PMID: 29943622 PMCID: PMC6477591 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is in clinical use today to treat metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Infused, radiolabeled, somatostatin analog peptides target tumors that are killed by irradiation damage. The peptides, however, are also retained in kidneys due to glomerular filtration, and the administered doses must be limited to avoid kidney damage. The human radical scavenger and antioxidant, α1-microglobulin (A1M), has previously been shown to protect bystander tissue against irradiation damage and has pharmacokinetic and biodistribution properties similar to somatostatin analogs. In this study, we have investigated if A1M can be used as a renal protective agent in PRRT. RESULTS We describe nephroprotective effects of human recombinant A1M on the short- and long-term renal damage observed following lutetium 177 (177Lu)-DOTATATE (150 MBq) exposure in BALB/c mice. After 1, 4, and 8 days (short term), 177Lu-DOTATATE injections resulted in increased formation of DNA double-strand breaks in the renal cortex, upregulated expression of apoptosis and stress response-related genes, and proteinuria (albumin in urine), all of which were significantly suppressed by coadministration of A1M (7 mg/kg). After 6, 12, and 24 weeks (long term), 177Lu-DOTATATE injections resulted in increased animal death, kidney lesions, glomerular loss, upregulation of stress genes, proteinuria, and plasma markers of reduced kidney function, all of which were suppressed by coadministration of A1M. Innovation and Conclusion: This study demonstrates that A1M effectively inhibits radiation-induced renal damage. The findings suggest that A1M may be used as a radioprotector during clinical PRRT, potentially facilitating improved tumor control and enabling more patients to receive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Kristiansson
- 1 Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Ahlstedt
- 1 Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Thuy A Tran
- 3 Lund University Bioimaging Center , Lund, Sweden .,4 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- 5 Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Strand
- 6 Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gram
- 1 Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University , Lund, Sweden .,7 Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Skane University Hospital, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Åkerström
- 1 Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
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23
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Hofving T, Sandblom V, Arvidsson Y, Shubbar E, Altiparmak G, Swanpalmer J, Almobarak B, Elf AK, Johanson V, Elias E, Kristiansson E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Nilsson O. 177Lu-octreotate therapy for neuroendocrine tumours is enhanced by Hsp90 inhibition. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:437-449. [PMID: 30730850 PMCID: PMC6391910 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
177Lu-octreotate is an FDA-approved radionuclide therapy for patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) expressing somatostatin receptors. The 177Lu-octreotate therapy has shown promising results in clinical trials by prolonging progression-free survival, but complete responses are still uncommon. The aim of this study was to improve the 177Lu-octreotate therapy by means of combination therapy. To identify radiosensitising inhibitors, two cell lines, GOT1 and P-STS, derived from small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (SINETs), were screened with 1,224 inhibitors alone or in combination with external radiation. The screening revealed that inhibitors of Hsp90 can potentiate the tumour cell-killing effect of radiation in a synergistic fashion (GOT1; false discovery rate <3.2×10-11). The potential for Hsp90 inhibitor ganetespib to enhance the anti-tumour effect of 177Lu-octreotate in an in vivo setting was studied in the somatostatin receptor-expressing GOT1 xenograft model. The combination led to a larger decrease in tumour volume relative to monotherapies and the tumour-reducing effect was shown to be synergistic. Using patient-derived tumour cells from eight metastatic SINETs, we could show that ganetespib enhanced the effect of 177Lu-octreotate therapy for all investigated patient tumours. Levels of Hsp90 protein expression were evaluated in 767 SINETs from 379 patients. We found that Hsp90 expression was upregulated in tumour cells relative to tumour stroma in the vast majority of SINETs. We conclude that Hsp90 inhibitors enhance the tumour-killing effect of 177Lu-octreotate therapy synergistically in SINET tumour models and suggest that this potentially promising combination should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hofving
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to T Hofving:
| | - Viktor Sandblom
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Arvidsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gülay Altiparmak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Swanpalmer
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bilal Almobarak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Elf
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor Johanson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Elias
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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24
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Spetz J, Langen B, Rudqvist NP, Parris TZ, Shubbar E, Dalmo J, Wängberg B, Nilsson O, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Transcriptional effects of 177Lu-octreotate therapy using a priming treatment schedule on GOT1 tumor in nude mice. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:28. [PMID: 30895393 PMCID: PMC6426909 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 177Lu-octreotate is used for therapy of somatostatin receptor expressing neuroendocrine tumors with promising results, although complete tumor remission is rarely seen. Previous studies on nude mice bearing the human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor, GOT1, have shown that a priming injection of 177Lu-octreotate 24 h before the main injection of 177Lu-octreotate resulted in higher 177Lu concentration in tumor, resulting in increased absorbed dose, volume reduction, and time to regrowth. To our knowledge, the cellular effects of a priming treatment schedule have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to identify transcriptional changes contributing to the enhanced therapeutic response of GOT1 tumors in nude mice to 177Lu-octreotate therapy with priming, compared with non-curative monotherapy. RESULTS RNA microarray analysis was performed on tumor samples from GOT1-bearing BALB/c nude mice treated with a 5 MBq priming injection of 177Lu-octreotate followed by a second injection of 10 MBq of 177Lu-octreotate after 24 h and killed after 1, 3, 7, and 41 days after the last injection. Administered activity amounts were chosen to be non-curative, in order to facilitate the study of tumor regression and regrowth. Differentially regulated transcripts (RNA samples from treated vs. untreated animals) were identified (change ≥ 1.5-fold; adjusted p value < 0.01) using Nexus Expression 3.0. Analysis of the biological effects of transcriptional regulation was performed using the Gene Ontology database and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Transcriptional analysis of the tumors revealed two stages of pathway regulation for the priming schedule (up to 1 week and around 1 month) which differed distinctly from cellular responses observed after monotherapy. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptotic pathways (intrinsic and extrinsic) was found at early time points after treatment start, while downregulation of pro-proliferative genes were found at a late time point. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates increased cellular stress responses in the tumors treated with a priming treatment schedule compared with those seen after conventional 177Lu-octreotate monotherapy, resulting in a more profound initiation of cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis, as well as effects on PI3K/AKT-signaling and unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nils-Petter Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emman Shubbar
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Dalmo
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Wängberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 2B, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Biermann J, Parris TZ, Nemes S, Danielsson A, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Abstract P3-07-09: Tumour clonality in paired invasive breast carcinomas. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-07-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Multiple invasive breast tumours may represent either independent primary tumours or clonal recurrences of the first tumour, where the same progenitor cell gives rise to all of the detected tumours. Consequently, the driver events for the progenitor cell need to have been identical in early tumour development. Molecular classification of tumour clonality is not currently evaluated in multiple invasive breast carcinomas, despite evidence suggesting common clonal origins. Furthermore, there is no consensus about which type of biological data (e.g. copy number, mutation, histology) and especially which statistical method is most suitable to distinguish clonal recurrences from independent primary tumours.
Methods: Thirty-seven invasive breast tumour pairs were stratified by laterality (bilateral vs. ipsilateral) and the time interval between the diagnoses of the first and second tumours (synchronous vs. metachronous). Both tumours from the same patient were analysed by integrating clinical characteristics (n = 37), DNA copy number (n = 37), DNA methylation (n = 8), gene expression microarray (n = 7), RNA sequencing (n = 3), and SNP genotyping data (n = 3). Different statistical methods, e.g. the diagnostic similarity index (SI), distance measure, shared segment analysis etc., were used to classify the tumours from the same patient as clonally related recurrences or independent primary tumours.
Results: The SI applied on DNA copy numbers derived from aCGH (array comparative genomic hybridization) data was determined as the strongest indicator of clonal relatedness as it showed the highest concordance with all other methods. The distance measure was the most conservative method and the shared segment analysis most liberal. Concordant evidence for tumour clonality was found in 46% (17/37) of the patients. Notably, no significant association was found between the clinical characteristics and molecular tumour features.
Conclusions: A more accurate classification of clonal relatedness between multiple breast tumours may help to mitigate treatment failure and relapse by integrating tumour-associated molecular features, clinical parameters, and statistical methods. In cases of extremely similar or different tumour pairs, the results showed consistency regardless of the method used. The SI can be easily integrated into clinical routine using FFPE samples to obtain copy number data. However, clinical guidelines with exact thresholds need to be defined to standardize clonality testing in a routine diagnostic setting.
Citation Format: Biermann J, Parris TZ, Nemes S, Danielsson A, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Tumour clonality in paired invasive breast carcinomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Biermann
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - TZ Parris
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Nemes
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Danielsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Engqvist
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Werner Rönnerman
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Kovács
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Karlsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Helou
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Biermann J, Parris TZ, Nemes S, Danielsson A, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Forssell-Aronsson E, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Clonal relatedness in tumour pairs of breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:96. [PMID: 30092821 PMCID: PMC6085699 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular classification of tumour clonality is currently not evaluated in multiple invasive breast carcinomas, despite evidence suggesting common clonal origins. There is no consensus about which type of data (e.g. copy number, mutation, histology) and especially which statistical method is most suitable to distinguish clonal recurrences from independent primary tumours. Methods Thirty-seven invasive breast tumour pairs were stratified according to laterality and time interval between the diagnoses of the two tumours. In a multi-omics approach, tumour clonality was analysed by integrating clinical characteristics (n = 37), DNA copy number (n = 37), DNA methylation (n = 8), gene expression microarray (n = 7), RNA sequencing (n = 3), and SNP genotyping data (n = 3). Different statistical methods, e.g. the diagnostic similarity index (SI), were used to classify the tumours as clonally related recurrences or independent primary tumours. Results The SI and hierarchical clustering showed similar tendencies and the highest concordance with the other methods. Concordant evidence for tumour clonality was found in 46% (17/37) of patients. Notably, no association was found between the current clinical guidelines and molecular tumour features. Conclusions A more accurate classification of clonal relatedness between multiple breast tumours may help to mitigate treatment failure and relapse by integrating tumour-associated molecular features, clinical parameters, and statistical methods. Guidelines need to be defined with exact thresholds to standardise clonality testing in a routine diagnostic setting. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1022-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Biermann
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Szilárd Nemes
- Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Danielsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 425, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Andersson C, Shubbar E, Åkerström B, Gram M, Forssell-Aronsson E. [OA166] A1M is a potential kidney protector in 177Lu-octreotate treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Sandblom V, Spetz J, Shubbar E, Ståhl I, Swanpalmer J, Forssell-Aronsson E. [OA164] Vandetanib may act as a radiosensitiser for 177Lu-octreotate treatment of medullary thyroid cancer. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Langen B, Rudqvist N, Spetz J, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Deconvolution of expression microarray data reveals 131I-induced responses otherwise undetected in thyroid tissue. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197911. [PMID: 30001320 PMCID: PMC6042689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput gene expression analysis is increasingly used in radiation research for discovery of damage-related or absorbed dose-dependent biomarkers. In tissue samples, cell type-specific responses can be masked in expression data due to mixed cell populations which can preclude biomarker discovery. In this study, we deconvolved microarray data from thyroid tissue in order to assess possible bias from mixed cell type data. Transcript expression data [GSE66303] from mouse thyroid that received 5.9 Gy from 131I over 24 h (or 0 Gy from mock treatment) were deconvolved by cell frequency of follicular cells and C-cells using csSAM and R and processed with Nexus Expression. Literature-based signature genes were used to assess the relative impact from ionizing radiation (IR) or thyroid hormones (TH). Regulation of cellular functions was inferred by enriched biological processes according to Gene Ontology terms. We found that deconvolution increased the detection rate of significantly regulated transcripts including the biomarker candidate family of kallikrein transcripts. Detection of IR-associated and TH-responding signature genes was also increased in deconvolved data, while the dominating trend of TH-responding genes was reproduced. Importantly, responses in biological processes for DNA integrity, gene expression integrity, and cellular stress were not detected in convoluted data–which was in disagreement with expected dose-response relationships–but upon deconvolution in follicular cells and C-cells. In conclusion, previously reported trends of 131I-induced transcriptional responses in thyroid were reproduced with deconvolved data and usually with a higher detection rate. Deconvolution also resolved an issue with detecting damage and stress responses in enriched data, and may reduce false negatives in other contexts as well. These findings indicate that deconvolution can optimize microarray data analysis of heterogeneous sample material for biomarker screening or other clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Parris TZ, Rönnerman EW, Engqvist H, Biermann J, Truvé K, Nemes S, Forssell-Aronsson E, Solinas G, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Genome-wide multi-omics profiling of the 8p11-p12 amplicon in breast carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24140-24154. [PMID: 29844878 PMCID: PMC5963621 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability contributes to the neoplastic phenotype by deregulating key cancer-related genes, which in turn can have a detrimental effect on patient outcome. DNA amplification of the 8p11-p12 genomic region has clinical and biological implications in multiple malignancies, including breast carcinoma where the amplicon has been associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. However, oncogenes driving increased cancer-related death and recurrent genetic features associated with the 8p11-p12 amplicon remain to be identified. In this study, DNA copy number and transcriptome profiling data for 229 primary invasive breast carcinomas (corresponding to 185 patients) were evaluated in conjunction with clinicopathological features to identify putative oncogenes in 8p11-p12 amplified samples. Illumina paired-end whole transcriptome sequencing and whole-genome SNP genotyping were subsequently performed on 23 samples showing high-level regional 8p11-p12 amplification to characterize recurrent genetic variants (SNPs and indels), expressed gene fusions, gene expression profiles and allelic imbalances. We now show previously undescribed chromothripsis-like patterns spanning the 8p11-p12 genomic region and allele-specific DNA amplification events. In addition, recurrent amplification-specific genetic features were identified, including genetic variants in the HIST1H1E and UQCRHL genes and fusion transcripts containing MALAT1 non-coding RNA, which is known to be a prognostic indicator for breast cancer and stimulated by estrogen. In summary, these findings highlight novel candidate targets for improved treatment of 8p11-p12 amplified breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jana Biermann
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Truvé
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Szilárd Nemes
- Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Montelius M, Spetz J, Jalnefjord O, Berger E, Nilsson O, Ljungberg M, Forssell-Aronsson E. Identification of Potential MR-Derived Biomarkers for Tumor Tissue Response to 177Lu-Octreotate Therapy in an Animal Model of Small Intestine Neuroendocrine Tumor. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:193-204. [PMID: 29331677 PMCID: PMC5772005 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) methods enable noninvasive, regional tumor therapy response assessment, but associations between MR parameters, underlying biology, and therapeutic effects must be investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate response assessment efficacy and biological associations of MR parameters in a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) model subjected to radionuclide treatment. Twenty-one mice with NETs received 177Lu-octreotate at day 0. MR experiments (day -1, 1, 3, 8, and 13) included T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and relaxation measurements (T1/T2*). Tumor tissue was analyzed using proteomics. MR-derived parameters were evaluated for each examination day and for different radial distances from the tumor center. Response assessment efficacy and biological associations were evaluated using feature selection and protein expression correlations, respectively. Reduced tumor growth rate or shrinkage was observed until day 8, followed by reestablished growth in most tumors. The most important MR parameter for response prediction was DCE-MRI-derived pretreatment signal enhancement ratio (SER) at 40% to 60% radial distance, where it correlated significantly also with centrally sampled protein CCD89 (association: DNA damage and repair, proliferation, cell cycle arrest). The second most important was changed diffusion (D) between day -1 and day 3, at 60% to 80% radial distance, where it correlated significantly also with peripherally sampled protein CATA (association: oxidative stress, proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic cell death). Important information regarding tumor biology in response to radionuclide therapy is reflected in several MR parameters, SER and D in particular. The spatial and temporal information provided by MR methods increases the sensitivity for tumor therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Montelius
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Oscar Jalnefjord
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Evelin Berger
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Maria Ljungberg
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Spetz J, Rudqvist N, Langen B, Parris TZ, Dalmo J, Schüler E, Wängberg B, Nilsson O, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Time-dependent transcriptional response of GOT1 human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor after 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 60:11-18. [PMID: 29502008 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptors are often treated with 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate. Despite being highly effective in animal models, 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate-based therapies in the clinical setting can be optimized further. The aims of the study were to identify and elucidate possible optimization venues for 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate tumor therapy by characterizing transcriptional responses in the GOT1 small intestine neuroendocrine tumor model in nude mice. METHODS GOT1-bearing female BALB/c nude mice were intravenously injected with 15 MBq 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate (non-curative amount) or mock-treated with saline solution. Animals were killed 1, 3, 7 or 41 d after injection. Total RNA was extracted from the tumor samples and profiled using Illumina microarray expression analysis. Differentially expressed genes were identified (treated vs. control) and pathway analysis was performed. RESULTS Distribution of differentially expressed transcripts indicated a time-dependent treatment response in GOT1 tumors after 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate administration. Regulation of CDKN1A, BCAT1 and PAM at 1 d after injection was compatible with growth arrest as the initial response to treatment. Upregulation of APOE and BAX at 3 d, and ADORA2A, BNIP3, BNIP3L and HSPB1 at 41 d after injection suggests first activation and then inhibition of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway during tumor regression and regrowth, respectively. CONCLUSION Transcriptional analysis showed radiation-induced apoptosis as an early response after 177Lu[Lu]-octreotate administration, followed by pro-survival transcriptional changes in the tumor during the regrowth phase. Time-dependent changes in cell cycle and apoptosis-related processes suggest different time points after radionuclide therapy when tumor cells may be more susceptible to additional treatment, highlighting the importance of timing when administering multiple therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Dalmo
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Wängberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Parris TZ, Biermann J, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Truvé K, Nemes S, Forssell-Aronsson E, Solinas G, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Abstract P3-04-07: Novel genetic features associated with 8p11-p12 amplification in breast carcinoma. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-04-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Genome instability contributes to the neoplastic phenotype by promoting gene loss and duplications, which in turn can have a detrimental effect on patient outcome by inactivating tumor suppressor genes or hyperactivating oncogenes. In breast carcinoma, DNA amplification of the 8p11-p12 genomic region has been associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to characterize recurrent genetic features (other than DNA amplification) associated with 8p11-p12 amplification in breast carcinoma.
Methods: DNA copy number profiling data for 229 primary invasive breast carcinomas (corresponding to 185 patients diagnosed in Western Sweden between 1988 and 1999) were evaluated to identify 8p11-p12 amplified cases. Illumina paired-end whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and whole-genome SNP genotyping were subsequently performed on 23 breast carcinomas harboring high-level regional 8p11-p12 amplification to characterize recurrent genetic variants (SNPs and indels), expressed gene fusions, gene expression profiles and allelic imbalances. The 23 samples were stratified into the molecular subtypes, resulting in 16 Luminal B/HER2-, two Luminal B/HER2+, four HER2/ER-, and one Basal-like sample. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-seq data for 10 primary breast carcinomas lacking the 8p11-p12 amplicon (SNP segmented mean < 0.4) were used as controls. Gene fusions were validated using dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with co-hybridized biotin-16-dUTP and dioxigenin-11-dUTP labeled bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) probes.
Results: Here, we report that despite the high number of gene fusions (133±31 (±SEM)) and exonic variants (411±16) identified per tumor, few gene fusions (n=46) and exonic variants (n=11) spanned the 8p11-p12 genomic region. Gene fusions predominantly contained at least one fusion partner spanning non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs; 86%), in particular MALAT1, which is induced by estrogen and of prognostic value in breast cancer. The majority of fusion breakpoints were associated with DNA copy number gains and losses, as well as, extensive intratumoral heterogeneity for specific fusion events. Intriguingly, novel 8p11-p12 amplification-specific genetic variants (HIST1H1E frameshift insertion, UQCRHL nonsynonymous SNV, MTUS1 frameshift insertion, NPIPA5 frameshift deletion) were identified that also resulted in mutation-dependent changes in gene expression levels.
Conclusions: Taken together, these findings have provided further insight into the genetic landscape of 8p11-p12 amplified breast carcinomas, including novel gene fusions and genetic variants. However, further studies are required to develop effective strategies to target 8p11-p12 amplification in breast carcinoma.
Citation Format: Parris TZ, Biermann J, Engqvist H, Werner Rönnerman E, Truvé K, Nemes S, Forssell-Aronsson E, Solinas G, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Helou K. Novel genetic features associated with 8p11-p12 amplification in breast carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- TZ Parris
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Biermann
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Engqvist
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Werner Rönnerman
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Truvé
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Nemes
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G Solinas
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Kovács
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Karlsson
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Helou
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Biermann J, Nemes S, Parris TZ, Engqvist H, Rönnerman EW, Forssell-Aronsson E, Steineck G, Karlsson P, Helou K. A Novel 18-Marker Panel Predicting Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1619-1628. [PMID: 28877888 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gene expression profiling has made considerable contributions to our understanding of cancer biology and clinical care. This study describes a novel gene expression signature for breast cancer-specific survival that was validated using external datasets.Methods: Gene expression signatures for invasive breast carcinomas (mainly luminal B subtype) corresponding to 136 patients were analyzed using Cox regression, and the effect of each gene on disease-specific survival (DSS) was estimated. Iterative Bayesian model averaging was applied on multivariable Cox regression models resulting in an 18-marker panel, which was validated using three external validation datasets. The 18 genes were analyzed for common pathways and functions using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. This study complied with the REMARK criteria.Results: The 18-gene multivariable model showed a high predictive power for DSS in the training and validation cohort and a clear stratification between high- and low-risk patients. The differentially expressed genes were predominantly involved in biological processes such as cell cycle, DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Furthermore, the majority of the 18 genes were found to play a pivotal role in cancer.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that the 18 molecular markers were strong predictors of breast cancer-specific mortality. The stable time-dependent area under the ROC curve function (AUC(t)) and high C-indices in the training and validation cohorts were further improved by fitting a combined model consisting of the 18-marker panel and established clinical markers.Impact: Our work supports the applicability of this 18-marker panel to improve clinical outcome prediction for breast cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(11); 1619-28. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Biermann
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Szilárd Nemes
- Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Engqvist
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Steineck
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Spetz J, Langen B, Rudqvist N, Parris TZ, Helou K, Nilsson O, Forssell-Aronsson E. Hedgehog inhibitor sonidegib potentiates 177Lu-octreotate therapy of GOT1 human small intestine neuroendocrine tumors in nude mice. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:528. [PMID: 28789624 PMCID: PMC5549301 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 177Lu-octreotate can be used to treat somatostatin receptor expressing neuroendocrine tumors. It is highly effective in animal models, but clinical studies have so far only demonstrated low cure rates. Hedgehog inhibitors have shown therapeutic effect as monotherapy in neuroendocrine tumor model systems and might be one option to enhance the efficacy of 177Lu-octreotate therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of combination therapy using 177Lu-octreotate and the Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor sonidegib. Methods GOT1-bearing BALB/c nude mice were treated with either sonidegib (80 mg/kg twice a week via oral gavage), a single injection of 30 MBq 177Lu-octreotate i.v., or a combination of both. Untreated animals served as controls. Tumor size was measured twice-weekly using calipers. The animals were killed 41 d after injection followed by excision of the tumors. Total RNA was extracted from each tumor sample and then subjected to gene expression analysis. Gene expression patterns were compared with those of untreated controls using Nexus Expression 3.0, IPA and Gene Ontology terms. Western blot was carried out on total protein extracted from the tumor samples to analyze activation-states of the Hh and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Results Sonidegib monotherapy resulted in inhibition of tumor growth, while a significant reduction in mean tumor volume was observed after 177Lu-octreotate monotherapy and combination therapy. Time to progression was prolonged in the combination therapy group compared with 177Lu-octreotate monotherapy. Gene expression analysis revealed a more pronounced response following combination therapy compared with both monotherapies, regarding the number of regulated genes and biological processes. Several cancer-related signaling pathways (i.e. Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, G-protein coupled receptor, and Notch) were affected by the combination therapy, but not by either monotherapy. Protein expression analysis revealed an activation of the Hh- and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in tumors exposed to 177Lu-octreotate monotherapy and combination therapy. Conclusions A comparative analysis of the different treatment groups showed that combination therapy using sonidegib and 177Lu-octreotate could be beneficial to patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Gene expression analysis revealed a functional interaction between sonidegib and 177Lu-octreotate, i.e. several cancer-related signaling pathways were modulated that were not affected by either monotherapy. Protein expression analysis indicated a possible PI3K/AKT/mTOR-dependent activation of the Hh pathway, independent of SMO. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3524-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden.
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, SE, Sweden
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Forssell-Aronsson E, Quinlan RA. THE IMPACT OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS ON MEDICAL IMAGING AND RADIOTHERAPY REGIMES FOR THE PAEDIATRIC PATIENT. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2017; 173:16-20. [PMID: 27885090 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Daily rhythmic changes are found in cellular events in cell cycle, DNA repair, apoptosis and angiogenesis in both normal and tumour tissue, as well as in enzymatic activity and drug metabolism. In this paper, we hypothesize that circadian rhythms need to be considered in radiation protection and optimization in personalized medicine, especially for paediatric care. The sensitivity of the eye lens to ionizing radiation makes the case for limiting damage to the lens epithelium by planning medical radio-imaging procedures for the afternoon, rather than the morning. Equally, the tumour and normal tissue response to radiotherapy is also subject to diurnal variation enabling optimization of time of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center,Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R A Quinlan
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Mountjoy Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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Rudqvist N, Spetz J, Schüler E, Parris TZ, Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Transcriptional response to 131I exposure of rat thyroid gland. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171797. [PMID: 28222107 PMCID: PMC5319760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to 131I in medical diagnostics and treatment but also from nuclear accidents, and better knowledge of the molecular response in thyroid is needed. The aim of the study was to examine the transcriptional response in thyroid tissue 24 h after 131I administration in rats. The exposure levels were chosen to simulate both the clinical situation and the case of nuclear fallout. Thirty-six male rats were i.v. injected with 0–4700 kBq 131I, and killed at 24 h after injection (Dthyroid = 0.0058–3.0 Gy). Total RNA was extracted from individual thyroid tissue samples and mRNA levels were determined using oligonucleotide microarray technique. Differentially expressed transcripts were determined using Nexus Expression 3.0. Hierarchical clustering was performed in the R statistical computing environment. Pathway analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool and the Gene Ontology database. T4 and TSH plasma concentrations were measured using ELISA. Totally, 429 differentially regulated transcripts were identified. Downregulation of thyroid hormone biosynthesis associated genes (e.g. thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, the sodium-iodine symporter) was identified in some groups, and an impact on thyroid function was supported by the pathway analysis. Recurring downregulation of Dbp and Slc47a2 was found. Dbp exhibited a pattern with monotonous reduction of downregulation with absorbed dose at 0.0058–0.22 Gy. T4 plasma levels were increased and decreased in rats whose thyroids were exposed to 0.057 and 0.22 Gy, respectively. Different amounts of injected 131I gave distinct transcriptional responses in the rat thyroid. Transcriptional response related to thyroid function and changes in T4 plasma levels were found already at very low absorbed doses to thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rudqvist
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Spetz
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emil Schüler
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z. Parris
- Departments of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Departments of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Departments of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Sandblom V, Ståhl I, Olofsson Bagge R, Forssell-Aronsson E. Evaluation of two intraoperative gamma detectors for assessment of 177Lu activity concentration in vivo. EJNMMI Phys 2017; 4:3. [PMID: 28070731 PMCID: PMC5222763 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-016-0168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with somatostatin receptor-expressing neuroendocrine tumours can be treated with intravenously administered 177Lu-octreotate. Few patients are cured with the present protocol due to the current dose limitation of normal organs at risk, such as the kidneys. By locally administering 177Lu-octreotate to the liver for the purpose of treating liver metastases, a substantially reduced absorbed dose to organs at risk could be achieved. The development of such a technique requires the capability of measuring the 177Lu activity concentration in tissues in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate different performance parameters of two commercially available intraoperative gamma detectors in order to investigate whether intraoperative gamma detector measurements could be used to determine 177Lu activity concentration in vivo. RESULTS Measurements were made using different sources containing 177Lu. Response linearity, sensitivity, spatial resolution and its depth dependence, organ thickness dependence of the measured count rate and tumour detectability were assessed for two intraoperative gamma detectors. The two detectors (a scintillation and a semiconductor detector) showed differences in technical performance. For example, the sensitivity was higher for the scintillation detector, while the spatial resolution was better for the semiconductor detector. Regarding organ thickness dependence and tumour detectability, similar results were obtained for both detectors, and even relatively small simulated tumours of low tumour-to-background activity concentration ratios could be detected. CONCLUSIONS Acceptable results were obtained for both detectors, although the semiconductor detector proved more advantageous for our purpose. The measurements demonstrated factors that must be corrected for, such as organ thickness or dead-time effects. Altogether, intraoperative gamma detector measurements could be used to determine 177Lu activity concentration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Sandblom
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ingun Ståhl
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Olofsson Bagge
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Dalmo J, Spetz J, Montelius M, Langen B, Arvidsson Y, Johansson H, Parris TZ, Helou K, Wängberg B, Nilsson O, Ljungberg M, Forssell-Aronsson E. Priming increases the anti-tumor effect and therapeutic window of 177Lu-octreotate in nude mice bearing human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor GOT1. EJNMMI Res 2017; 7:6. [PMID: 28097640 PMCID: PMC5241264 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 177Lu-[DOTA0, Tyr3]-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) is used for treatment of patients with somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expressing neuroendocrine tumors. However, complete tumor remission is rarely seen, and optimization of treatment protocols is needed. In vitro studies have shown that irradiation can up-regulate the expression of SSTR1, 2 and 5, and increase 177Lu-octreotate uptake. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-tumor effect of a 177Lu-octreotate priming dose followed 24 h later by a second injection of 177Lu-octreotate compared to a single administration of 177Lu-octreotate, performed on the human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor cell line, GOT1, transplanted to nude mice. Results Priming resulted in a 1.9 times higher mean absorbed dose to the tumor tissue per administered activity, together with a reduced mean absorbed dose for kidneys. Priming gave the best overall anti-tumor effects. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no statistically significant difference in tumor response between treatment with and without priming. Gene expression analysis demonstrated effects on cell cycle regulation. Biological processes associated with apoptotic cell death were highly affected in the biodistribution and dosimetry study, via differential regulation of, e.g., APOE, BAX, CDKN1A, and GADD45A. Conclusions Priming had the best overall anti-tumor effects and also resulted in an increased therapeutic window. Results indicate that potential biomarkers for tumor regrowth may be found in the p53 or JNK signaling pathways. Priming administration is an interesting optimization strategy for 177Lu-octreotate therapy of neuroendocrine tumors, and further studies should be performed to determine the mechanisms responsible for the reported effects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-016-0247-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dalmo
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Montelius
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Arvidsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Johansson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Wängberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Ljungberg
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Langen B, Rudqvist N, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Microarray Studies on 211At Administration in BALB/c Nude Mice Indicate Systemic Effects on Transcriptional Regulation in Nonthyroid Tissues. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:346-353. [PMID: 27765860 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.176958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted α-therapy is a promising treatment option for various types of malignant tumors. Radiolabeled cancer-seeking agents, however, undergo degradation, resulting in a certain percentage of free radionuclide in the body. The radiohalogen 211At accumulates in various tissues, with specifically high uptake in the thyroid. When normal thyroid function is disturbed because of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure, deleterious effects can occur in tissues that depend on thyroid hormone (TH) regulation for normal physiologic function. However, knowledge of systemic effects is still rudimentary. We previously reported similarities in transcriptomic regulation between the thyroid and other tissues despite large differences in absorbed dose from 211At. Here, we present supportive evidence on systemic effects after 211At administration. METHODS Expression microarray data from the kidney cortex and medulla, liver, lungs, and spleen were used from previous studies in which mice were intravenously injected with 0.064-42 kBq of 211At and killed after 24 h or injected with 1.7 kBq of 211At and killed after 1, 6, or 168 h. Controls were mock-treated and killed after 24 h. Literature-based gene signatures were used to evaluate the relative impact from IR- or TH-induced regulation. Thyroid- and TH-associated upstream regulators as well as thyroid-related diseases and functions were generated using functional analysis software. RESULTS Responses in IR- or TH-associated gene signatures were tissue-specific and varied over time, and the relative impact of each gene signature differed between the investigated tissues. The liver showed a clear dominance of TH-responding genes. In the kidney cortex, kidney medulla, and lungs, the TH-associated signature was detected to at least an extent similar to the IR-associated signature. The spleen was the single tissue showing regulation of only IR-associated signature genes. Various thyroid-associated diseases and functions were inferred from the data: L-triiodothyronine, TH, TH receptor, and triiodothyronine (reverse) were inferred as upstream regulators with differences in incidence and strength of regulation depending on tissue type. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that transcriptional regulation in various nonthyroid tissues was-in part-induced by thyroid (hormone)-dependent signaling. Consideration of the systemic context between tissues could contribute to normal tissue risk assessment and planning of remedial measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden .,Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; and
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Elf AK, Bernhardt P, Hofving T, Arvidsson Y, Forssell-Aronsson E, Wängberg B, Nilsson O, Johanson V. NAMPT Inhibitor GMX1778 Enhances the Efficacy of 177Lu-DOTATATE Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:288-292. [PMID: 27688470 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.177584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can be treated by peptide receptor radionuclide therapy using radiolabeled somatostatin analogs. However, the efficacy of such treatment is low and needs to be optimized. Our study evaluated the potential radiosensitizing effects of inhibition of nicotineamide phosphoribosyltransferase on 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment in a NET model. METHODS Nude mice xenografted with the human NET cell line GOT1 were treated with semiefficient doses of 177Lu-DOTATATE (7.5 MBq, intravenously) or the nicotineamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor GMX1778 (100 mg/kg/wk, orally). RESULTS Median time to tumor progression (tumor volume larger than at day 0) was 3 d for controls, 7 d for single-dose GMX1778, 28 d for single-dose 177Lu-DOTATATE, 35 d for 3 weekly doses of GMX1778, and 98 d for combined treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE and GMX1778 × 1. After 177Lu-DOTATATE and 3 weekly doses of GMX1778, none of the tumors progressed within 120 d. CONCLUSION GMX1778 enhances the efficacy of 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment and induces a prolonged antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Karin Elf
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and
| | - Tobias Hofving
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Arvidsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and
| | - Bo Wängberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor Johanson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lyckesvärd MN, Kapoor N, Ingeson-Carlsson C, Carlsson T, Karlsson JO, Postgård P, Himmelman J, Forssell-Aronsson E, Hammarsten O, Nilsson M. Linking loss of sodium-iodide symporter expression to DNA damage. Exp Cell Res 2016; 344:120-131. [PMID: 27108928 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy of thyroid cancer with I-131 is abrogated by inherent loss of radioiodine uptake due to loss of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression in poorly differentiated tumor cells. It is also known that ionizing radiation per se down-regulates NIS (the stunning effect), but the mechanism is unknown. Here we investigated whether loss of NIS-mediated iodide transport may be elicited by DNA damage. Calicheamicin, a fungal toxin that specifically cleaves double-stranded DNA, induced a full scale DNA damage response mediated by the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase in quiescent normal thyrocytes. At sublethal concentrations (<1nM) calicheamicin blocked NIS mRNA expression and transepithelial iodide transport as stimulated by thyrotropin; loss of function occurred at a much faster rate than after I-131 irradiation. KU-55933, a selective ATM kinase inhibitor, partly rescued NIS expression and iodide transport in DNA-damaged cells. Prolonged ATM inhibition in healthy cells also repressed NIS-mediated iodide transport. ATM-dependent loss of iodide transport was counteracted by IGF-1. Together, these findings indicate that NIS, the major iodide transporter of the thyroid gland, is susceptible to DNA damage involving ATM-mediated mechanisms. This uncovers novel means of poor radioiodine uptake in thyroid cells subjected to extrinsic or intrinsic genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Nordén Lyckesvärd
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nirmal Kapoor
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ingeson-Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Therese Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan-Olof Karlsson
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Per Postgård
- Department of Radiation Physics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Himmelman
- Department of Radiation Physics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Hammarsten
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Langen B, Rudqvist N, Parris TZ, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Circadian rhythm influences genome-wide transcriptional responses to (131)I in a tissue-specific manner in mice. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:75. [PMID: 26669694 PMCID: PMC4679710 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circadian variation of gene expression is often neglected when ionizing radiation-induced effects are studied, whether in animal models or in cell culture. This study characterized diurnal variation of genome-wide transcriptional regulation and responses of potential biomarkers and signature genes in normal mouse tissues at 24 h after i.v. administration of 131I. Methods Female BALB/c nude mice were i.v. injected with 90 kBq 131I at 9:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., or 3:00 p.m. and killed after 24 h (n = 4/group). Paired control groups were mock-treated (n = 3–4/group). The kidneys, liver, lungs, spleen, and thyroid were excised, snap-frozen, and stored at −80 °C until extraction of total RNA. RNA microarray technology was used for genome-wide expression analysis. Enriched biological processes were categorized after cellular function. Signature genes for ionizing radiation and thyroid hormone-induced responses were taken from the literature. Absorbed dose was estimated using the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) formalism. Results The thyroid received an absorbed dose of 5.9 Gy and non-thyroid tissues received 0.75–2.2 mGy over 24 h. A distinct peak in the total number of significantly regulated transcripts was observed at 9:00 a.m. in the thyroid, but 3 h later in the kidney cortex, kidney medulla, and liver. Transcriptional regulation in the lungs and spleen was marginal. Associated cellular functions generally varied in quality and response strength between morning, noon, and afternoon. In the thyroid, 25 genes were significantly regulated at all investigated times of day, and 24 thereof showed a distinct pattern of pronounced down-regulation at 9:00 a.m. and comparatively weak up-regulation at later times. Eleven of these genes belonged to the species-specific kallikrein subfamily Klk1b. Responses in signature genes for thyroid hormone-induced responses were more frequent than for ionizing radiation, and trends persisted irrespective of time of day. Conclusion Diurnal variation of genome-wide transcriptional responses to 90 kBq 131I was demonstrated for the thyroid, kidney cortex and medulla, and liver, whereas variation was only marginal in the lungs and spleen. Overall, significant detection of potential biomarkers and signature genes was validated at each time of day, although direction of regulation and fold-change differed between morning, noon, and afternoon. These findings suggest that circadian rhythm should be considered in radiation research and that biological and analytical endpoints should be validated for circadian robustness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-015-0150-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Rudqvist N, Spetz J, Schüler E, Langen B, Parris TZ, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Gene expression signature in mouse thyroid tissue after (131)I and (211)At exposure. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:59. [PMID: 26492889 PMCID: PMC4615992 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (131)I and (211)At are used in nuclear medicine and accumulate in the thyroid gland and may impact normal thyroid function. The aim of this study was to determine transcriptional profile variations, assess the impact on cellular activity, and identify genes with biomarker properties in thyroid tissue after (131)I and (211)At administration in mice. METHODS To further investigate thyroid tissue transcriptional responses to (131)I and (211)At administration, we generated a new transcriptional dataset that includes re-evaluated raw intensity values from our previous (131)I and (211)At studies. Differential transcriptional profiles were identified by comparing treated and mock-treated samples using Nexus Expression 3.0 software. Further data analysis was performed using R/Bioconductor and IPA. RESULTS A total of 1144 genes were regulated. Hierarchical clustering subdivided the groups into two clusters containing the lowest and highest absorbed dose levels, respectively, and revealed similar transcriptional regulation patterns for many kallikrein-related genes. Twenty-seven of the 1144 genes were recurrently regulated after (131)I and (211)At exposure and divided into six clusters. Several signalling pathways were affected, including calcium, integrin-linked kinase, and thyroid cancer signalling, and the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor network. CONCLUSIONS Substantial changes in transcriptional regulation were shown in (131)I and (211)At-treated samples, and 27 genes were identified as potential biomarkers for (131)I and (211)At exposure. Clustering revealed distinct differences between transcriptional profiles of both similar and different exposures, demonstrating the necessity for better understanding of radiation-induced effects on cellular activity. Additionally, ionizing radiation-induced changes in kallikrein gene expression and identified canonical pathways should be further assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Schüler E, Österlund A, Forssell-Aronsson E. The amount of injected 177Lu-octreotate strongly influences biodistribution and dosimetry in C57BL/6N mice. Acta Oncol 2015; 55:68-76. [PMID: 25813472 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2015.1027001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (177)Lu-octreotate therapy has proven to give favorable results after treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Much focus has been on the binding and uptake of (177)Lu-octreotate in tumor tissue, but biodistribution properties in normal tissues is still not fully understood, and the effect of receptor saturation may be important. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the amount of (177)Lu-octreotate on the biodistribution of (177)Lu-octreotate in normal tissues in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6N female mice were intravenously injected with 0.1-150 MBq (177)Lu-octreotate (0.039 μg peptide/MBq). The mice were killed 0.25 h to 14 days after injection by cardiac puncture under anesthesia. Activity concentration was determined in blood, bone marrow, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, and spleen, and mean absorbed doses were calculated. RESULTS The activity concentration varied with time and amount of injected activity. At 4-8 h after injection, a local maximum in activity concentration was found for liver, lungs, pancreas, and spleen. With the exception for the lower injected activities (0.1-1 MBq), the overall highest uptake was found in the kidneys (%IA/g). Large variations were found and the activity concentration in kidneys was 11-23%IA/g at 4 h, and 0.22-1.9%IA/g at 7 days after injection. Furthermore, a clear reduction in activity concentration with increased injected activity was observed for lungs, pancreas and spleen. CONCLUSION The activity concentration in all tissues investigated was strongly influenced by the amount of (177)Lu-octreotate injected. Large differences in mean absorbed dose per unit injected activity were found between low (0.1-1 MBq, 0.0039-0.039 μg) and moderate amounts (5-45 MBq, 0.2-1.8 μg). Furthermore, the results clearly showed the need for better ways to estimate absorbed dose to bone marrow other than methods based on a single blood sample analysis. Since the absorbed dose to critical organs will limit the amount of (177)Lu-octreotate administered, these findings must be taken into consideration when optimizing this type of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Österlund
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Langen B, Rudqvist N, Parris TZ, Schüler E, Spetz J, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Transcriptional response in normal mouse tissues after i.v. (211)At administration - response related to absorbed dose, dose rate, and time. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:1. [PMID: 25853007 PMCID: PMC4384707 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-014-0078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In cancer radiotherapy, knowledge of normal tissue responses and toxicity risks is essential in order to deliver the highest possible absorbed dose to the tumor while maintaining normal tissue exposure at non-critical levels. However, few studies have investigated normal tissue responses in vivo after 211At administration. In order to identify molecular biomarkers of ionizing radiation exposure, we investigated genome-wide transcriptional responses to (very) low mean absorbed doses from 211At in normal mouse tissues. Methods Female BALB/c nude mice were intravenously injected with 1.7 kBq 211At and killed after 1 h, 6 h, or 7 days or injected with 105 or 7.5 kBq and killed after 1 and 6 h, respectively. Controls were mock-treated. Total RNA was extracted from tissue samples of kidney cortex and medulla, liver, lungs, and spleen and subjected to microarray analysis. Enriched biological processes were categorized after cellular function based on Gene Ontology terms. Results Responses were tissue-specific with regard to the number of significantly regulated transcripts and associated cellular function. Dose rate effects on transcript regulation were observed with both direct and inverse trends. In several tissues, Angptl4, Per1 and Per2, and Tsc22d3 showed consistent transcript regulation at all exposure conditions. Conclusions This study demonstrated tissue-specific transcriptional responses and distinct dose rate effects after 211At administration. Transcript regulation of individual genes, as well as cellular responses inferred from enriched transcript data, may serve as biomarkers in vivo. These findings expand the knowledge base on normal tissue responses and may help to evaluate and limit side effects of radionuclide therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-014-0078-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden ; Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Rudqvist N, Schüler E, Parris TZ, Langen B, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Dose-specific transcriptional responses in thyroid tissue in mice after (131)I administration. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:263-8. [PMID: 25496975 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the present investigation, microarray analysis was used to monitor transcriptional activity in thyroids in mice 24 h after (131)I exposure. The aims of this study were to 1) assess the transcriptional patterns associated with (131)I exposure in normal mouse thyroid tissue and 2) propose biomarkers for (131)I exposure of the thyroid. METHODS Adult BALB/c nude mice were i.v. injected with 13, 130 or 260 kBq of (131)I and killed 24h after injection (absorbed dose to thyroid: 0.85, 8.5, or 17 Gy). Mock-treated mice were used as controls. Total RNA was extracted from thyroids and processed using the Illumina platform. RESULTS In total, 497, 546, and 90 transcripts were regulated (fold change ≥1.5) in the thyroid after 0.85, 8.5, and 17 Gy, respectively. These were involved in several biological functions, e.g. oxygen access, inflammation and immune response, and apoptosis/anti-apoptosis. Approximately 50% of the involved transcripts at each absorbed dose level were dose-specific, and 18 transcripts were commonly detected at all absorbed dose levels. The Agpat9, Plau, Prf1, and S100a8 gene expression displayed a monotone decrease in regulation with absorbed dose, and further studies need to be performed to evaluate if they may be useful as dose-related biomarkers for 131I exposure. CONCLUSION Distinct and substantial differences in gene expression and affected biological functions were detected at the different absorbed dose levels. The transcriptional profiles were specific for the different absorbed dose levels. We propose that the Agpat9, Plau, Prf1, and S100a8 genes might be novel potential absorbed dose-related biomarkers to (131)I exposure of thyroid. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE During the recent years, genomic techniques have been developed; however, they have not been fully utilized in nuclear medicine and radiation biology. We have used RNA microarrays to investigate genome-wide transcriptional regulations in thyroid tissue in mice after low, intermediate, and high absorbed doses from (131)I exposure in vivo. Using this approach, we have identified novel biological responses and potential absorbed dose-related biomarkers to (131)I exposure. Our research shows the importance of embracing technological advances and multi-disciplinary collaboration in order to apply them in radiation therapy, nuclear medicine, and radiation biology. IMPLICATIONS ON PATIENT CARE This work may contribute with new knowledge of potential normal tissue effects or complications that may occur after exposure to ionizing radiation in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine, and due to radioactive fallout or accident with radionuclide spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medical Physics and Medical Bioengineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Dalmo J, Westberg E, Barregard L, Svedbom L, Johansson M, Törnqvist M, Forssell-Aronsson E. Evaluation of retinol binding protein 4 and carbamoylated haemoglobin as potential renal toxicity biomarkers in adult mice treated with (177)Lu-octreotate. EJNMMI Res 2014; 4:59. [PMID: 26116120 PMCID: PMC4452688 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-014-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The kidneys are regarded as one of the main dose-limiting organs in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours with 177Lu-[DOTA0, Tyr3]-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate), despite the successful use of kidney uptake blocking agents such as lysine and arginine. To avoid renal toxicity but still give each patient as high amount of 177Lu-octreotate as possible, there is a need for methods/biomarkers that indicate renal injury in an early stage of the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using urinary retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and carbamoylated haemoglobin (Hb) in blood as biomarkers of nephrotoxic effects on adult mice after 177Lu-octreotate treatment. Methods Adult BALB/c nude mice were injected with 60 MBq or 120 MBq of 177Lu-octreotate or with saline (control). Urine was collected before injection and concentrations of urinary RBP4 and creatinine were determined 14 to 90 days after injection Blood samples were collected after 90 days, and carbamoylated N-terminal valine in Hb, formed from urea, was measured as valine hydantoin (VH) after detachment from Hb. Results The RBP4 values increased with administered activity and time. For the 60 and 120 MBq groups, statistically significantly higher RBP4 levels (p <0.05) were found at day 60 and 90 compared to baseline, also at day 30 for 120 MBq group. For VH, the mean values were similar for the 60 MBq and control groups, while a small increase was observed for the 120 MBq group; but there were no statistically significant differences between any of the groups (p >0.05). No morphological changes in the kidney tissue were found. Conclusions Urinary RBP4 is a promising new biomarker for radiation-induced renal toxicity. For the conditions used in this experiment, carbamoylated Hb (from urea) measured as VH may not be a sufficiently sensitive biomarker to be used for renal toxicity. Trial registration ID 326-2008
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dalmo
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden,
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Schüler E, Rudqvist N, Parris TZ, Langen B, Spetz J, Helou K, Forssell-Aronsson E. Time- and dose rate-related effects of internal (177)Lu exposure on gene expression in mouse kidney tissue. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 41:825-32. [PMID: 25156037 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The kidneys are the dose-limiting organs in some radionuclide therapy regimens. However, the biological impact of internal exposure from radionuclides is still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dose rate and time after i.v. injection of (177)LuCl3 on changes in transcriptional patterns in mouse kidney tissue. METHODS To investigate the effect of dose rate, female Balb/c nude mice were i.v. injected with 11, 5.6, 1.6, 0.8, 0.30, and 0 MBq of (177)LuCl3, and killed at 3, 6, 24, 48, 168, and 24 hours after injection, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of time after onset of exposure was analysed using mice injected with 0.26, 2.4, and 8.2 MBq of (177)LuCl3, and killed at 45, 90, and 140 days after injection. Global transcription patterns of irradiated kidney cortex and medulla were assessed and enriched biological processes were determined from the regulated gene sets using Gene Ontology terms. RESULTS The average dose rates investigated were 1.6, 0.84, 0.23, 0.11 and 0.028 mGy/min, with an absorbed dose of 0.3 Gy. At 45, 90 and 140 days, the absorbed doses were estimated to 0.3, 3, and 10 Gy. In general, the number of differentially regulated transcripts increased with time after injection, and decreased with absorbed dose for both kidney cortex and medulla. Differentially regulated transcripts were predominantly involved in metabolic and stress response-related processes dependent on dose rate, as well as transcripts associated with metabolic and cellular integrity at later time points. CONCLUSION The observed transcriptional response in kidney tissue was diverse due to difference in absorbed dose, dose rate and time after exposure. Nevertheless, several transcripts were significantly regulated in all groups despite differences in exposure parameters, which may indicate potential biomarkers for exposure of kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nils Rudqvist
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britta Langen
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Spetz
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
Background Radioiodine is routinely used or proposed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes: 123I, 125I and 131I for diagnostics and 125I and 131I for therapy. When radioiodine-labelled pharmaceuticals are administered to the body, radioiodide might be released into the circulation and taken up by the thyroid gland, which may then be an organ at risk. The aim of this study was to compare dosimetric properties for 123I, 125I and 131I in previously developed thyroid models for man, rat and mouse. Methods Dosimetric calculations were performed using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX 2.6.0 and nuclear decay data from ICRP 107. Only the non-radiative transitions in the decays were considered. The S value was determined for the cell nuclei in species-specific thyroid follicle models for mouse, rat and man for different spatial distributions of radioiodine. Results For the species-specific single follicle models with radioiodine homogeneously within the follicle lumen, the highest S value came from 131I, with the largest contribution from the β particles. When radioiodine was homogeneously distributed within the follicle cells or the follicle cell nucleus, the highest contribution originated from 125I, about two times higher than 123I, with the largest contribution from the Auger electrons. The mean absorbed dose calculated for our human thyroid multiple follicle model, assuming homogenous distribution of for 123I, 125I, or 131I within the follicle lumens and follicle cells, was 9%, 18% and 4% higher, respectively, compared with the mean absorbed dose according to Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) formalism and nuclear decay data. When radioiodine was homogeneously distributed in the follicle lumens, our calculations gave up to 90% lower mean absorbed dose for 125I compared to MIRD (20% lower for 123I, and 2% lower for 131I). Conclusions This study clearly demonstrates the importance of using more detailed dosimetric methods and models than MIRD formalism for radioiodine, especially 123I and 125I, in the thyroid. For radioiodine homogeneously distributed in the follicle lumens our calculations for the human multiple follicle models gave up to 90% lower mean absorbed dose compared with MIRD formalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Josefsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Eva Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
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