1
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Jeitner TM, Azcona JA, Ables GP, Cooke D, Horowitz MC, Singh P, Kelly JM, Cooper AJL. Cystine rather than cysteine is the preferred substrate for β-elimination by cystathionine γ-lyase: implications for dietary methionine restriction. GeroScience 2024; 46:3617-3634. [PMID: 37217633 PMCID: PMC11229439 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) increases longevity by improving health. In experimental models, MR is accompanied by decreased cystathionine β-synthase activity and increased cystathionine γ-lyase activity. These enzymes are parts of the transsulfuration pathway which produces cysteine and 2-oxobutanoate. Thus, the decrease in cystathionine β-synthase activity is likely to account for the loss of tissue cysteine observed in MR animals. Despite this decrease in cysteine levels, these tissues exhibit increased H2S production which is thought to be generated by β-elimination of the thiol moiety of cysteine, as catalyzed by cystathionine β-synthase or cystathionine γ-lyase. Another possibility for this H2S production is the cystathionine γ-lyase-catalyzed β-elimination of cysteine persulfide from cystine, which upon reduction yields H2S and cysteine. Here, we demonstrate that MR increases cystathionine γ-lyase production and activities in the liver and kidneys, and that cystine is a superior substrate for cystathionine γ-lyase catalyzed β-elimination as compared to cysteine. Moreover, cystine and cystathionine exhibit comparable Kcat/Km values (6000 M-1 s-1) as substrates for cystathionine γ-lyase-catalyzed β-elimination. By contrast, cysteine inhibits cystathionine γ-lyase in a non-competitive manner (Ki ~ 0.5 mM), which limits its ability to function as a substrate for β-elimination by this enzyme. Cysteine inhibits the enzyme by reacting with its pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor to form a thiazolidine and in so doing prevents further catalysis. These enzymological observations are consistent with the notion that during MR cystathionine γ-lyase is repurposed to catabolize cystine and thereby form cysteine persulfide, which upon reduction produces cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Jeitner
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA.
| | - Juan A Azcona
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Gene P Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY, 10516, USA
| | - Diana Cooke
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY, 10516, USA
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - James M Kelly
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 516 East 72Nd St, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Arthur J L Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
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2
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Conger KO, Chidley C, Ozgurses ME, Zhao H, Kim Y, Semina SE, Burns P, Rawat V, Lietuvninkas L, Sheldon R, Ben-Sahra I, Frasor J, Sorger PK, DeNicola GM, Coloff JL. ASCT2 is a major contributor to serine uptake in cancer cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114552. [PMID: 39068660 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The non-essential amino acid serine is a critical nutrient for cancer cells due to its diverse biosynthetic functions. While some tumors can synthesize serine de novo, others are auxotrophic and therefore reliant on serine uptake. Importantly, despite several transporters being known to be capable of transporting serine, the transporters that mediate serine uptake in cancer cells are not known. Here, we characterize the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (SLC1A5) as a major contributor to serine uptake in cancer cells. ASCT2 is well known as a glutamine transporter in cancer, and our work demonstrates that serine and glutamine compete for uptake through ASCT2. We further show that ASCT2-mediated serine uptake is essential for purine nucleotide biosynthesis and that estrogen receptor α (ERα) promotes serine uptake by directly activating SLC1A5 transcription. Collectively, our work defines an additional important role for ASCT2 as a serine transporter in cancer and evaluates ASCT2 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O Conger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Chidley
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mete Emir Ozgurses
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Svetlana E Semina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philippa Burns
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vipin Rawat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lina Lietuvninkas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Sheldon
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L Coloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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3
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Asantewaa G, Tuttle ET, Ward NP, Kang YP, Kim Y, Kavanagh ME, Girnius N, Chen Y, Rodriguez K, Hecht F, Zocchi M, Smorodintsev-Schiller L, Scales TQ, Taylor K, Alimohammadi F, Duncan RP, Sechrist ZR, Agostini-Vulaj D, Schafer XL, Chang H, Smith ZR, O'Connor TN, Whelan S, Selfors LM, Crowdis J, Gray GK, Bronson RT, Brenner D, Rufini A, Dirksen RT, Hezel AF, Huber AR, Munger J, Cravatt BF, Vasiliou V, Cole CL, DeNicola GM, Harris IS. Glutathione synthesis in the mouse liver supports lipid abundance through NRF2 repression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6152. [PMID: 39034312 PMCID: PMC11271484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells rely on antioxidants to survive. The most abundant antioxidant is glutathione (GSH). The synthesis of GSH is non-redundantly controlled by the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). GSH imbalance is implicated in many diseases, but the requirement for GSH in adult tissues is unclear. To interrogate this, we have developed a series of in vivo models to induce Gclc deletion in adult animals. We find that GSH is essential to lipid abundance in vivo. GSH levels are highest in liver tissue, which is also a hub for lipid production. While the loss of GSH does not cause liver failure, it decreases lipogenic enzyme expression, circulating triglyceride levels, and fat stores. Mechanistically, we find that GSH promotes lipid abundance by repressing NRF2, a transcription factor induced by oxidative stress. These studies identify GSH as a fulcrum in the liver's balance of redox buffering and triglyceride production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Asantewaa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Emily T Tuttle
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nathan P Ward
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Madeline E Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nomeda Girnius
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katherine Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fabio Hecht
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marco Zocchi
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Leonid Smorodintsev-Schiller
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - TashJaé Q Scales
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kira Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fatemeh Alimohammadi
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Renae P Duncan
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R Sechrist
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Diana Agostini-Vulaj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xenia L Schafer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hayley Chang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R Smith
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas N O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Whelan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura M Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jett Crowdis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Kenneth Gray
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Dept. of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aram F Hezel
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aaron R Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Calvin L Cole
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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4
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Ming H, Zhang M, Rajput S, Logsdon D, Zhu L, Schoolcraft WB, Krisher RL, Jiang Z, Yuan Y. In vitro culture alters cell lineage composition and cellular metabolism of bovine blastocyst†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:11-27. [PMID: 38408205 PMCID: PMC11247278 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Profiling bovine blastocyst transcriptome at the single-cell level has enabled us to reveal the first cell lineage segregation, during which the inner cell mass (ICM), trophectoderm (TE), and an undefined population of transitional cells were identified. By comparing the transcriptome of blastocysts derived in vivo (IVV), in vitro from a conventional culture medium (IVC), and in vitro from an optimized reduced nutrient culture medium (IVR), we found a delay of the cell fate commitment to ICM in the IVC and IVR embryos. Developmental potential differences between IVV, IVC, and IVR embryos were mainly contributed by ICM and transitional cells. Pathway analysis of these non-TE cells between groups revealed highly active metabolic and biosynthetic processes, reduced cellular signaling, and reduced transmembrane transport activities in IVC embryos that may lead to reduced developmental potential. IVR embryos had lower activities in metabolic and biosynthetic processes but increased cellular signaling and transmembrane transport, suggesting these cellular mechanisms may contribute to improved blastocyst development compared to IVC embryos. However, the IVR embryos had compromised development compared to IVV embryos with notably over-active transmembrane transport activities that impaired ion homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ming
- Department of Animal Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO, USA
| | - Sandeep Rajput
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO, USA
- Genus plc, DeForest, WI, USA
| | - Deirdre Logsdon
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO, USA
| | - Linkai Zhu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Rebecca L Krisher
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO, USA
- Genus plc, DeForest, WI, USA
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ye Yuan
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO, USA
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5
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Pezacki AT, Gonciarz RL, Okamura T, Matier CD, Torrente L, Cheng K, Miller SG, Ralle M, Ward NP, DeNicola GM, Renslo AR, Chang CJ. A tandem activity-based sensing and labeling strategy reveals antioxidant response element regulation of labile iron pools. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2401579121. [PMID: 38968123 PMCID: PMC11252945 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2401579121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for life owing to its ability to participate in a diverse array of oxidation-reduction reactions. However, misregulation of iron-dependent redox cycling can also produce oxidative stress, contributing to cell growth, proliferation, and death pathways underlying aging, cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic diseases. Fluorescent probes that selectively monitor loosely bound Fe(II) ions, termed the labile iron pool, are potentially powerful tools for studies of this metal nutrient; however, the dynamic spatiotemporal nature and potent fluorescence quenching capacity of these bioavailable metal stores pose challenges for their detection. Here, we report a tandem activity-based sensing and labeling strategy that enables imaging of labile iron pools in live cells through enhancement in cellular retention. Iron green-1 fluoromethyl (IG1-FM) reacts selectively with Fe(II) using an endoperoxide trigger to release a quinone methide dye for subsequent attachment to proximal biological nucleophiles, providing a permanent fluorescent stain at sites of elevated labile iron. IG1-FM imaging reveals that degradation of the major iron storage protein ferritin through ferritinophagy expands the labile iron pool, while activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) antioxidant response elements (AREs) depletes it. We further show that lung cancer cells with heightened NRF2 activation, and thus lower basal labile iron, have reduced viability when treated with an iron chelator. By connecting labile iron pools and NRF2-ARE activity to a druggable metal-dependent vulnerability in cancer, this work provides a starting point for broader investigations into the roles of transition metal and antioxidant signaling pathways in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan T. Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Ryan L. Gonciarz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Toshitaka Okamura
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Carson D. Matier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Laura Torrente
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL33612
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Sophia G. Miller
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR97239
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR97239
| | - Nathan P. Ward
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL33612
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL33612
| | - Adam R. Renslo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
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6
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Mao ZH, Gao ZX, Pan SK, Liu DW, Liu ZS, Wu P. Ferroptosis: a potential bridge linking gut microbiota and chronic kidney disease. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:234. [PMID: 38750055 PMCID: PMC11096411 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of lipid peroxidation-driven, iron-dependent programmed cell death. Various metabolic pathways, including those involved in lipid and iron metabolism, contribute to ferroptosis regulation. The gut microbiota not only supplies nutrients and energy to the host, but also plays a crucial role in immune modulation and metabolic balance. In this review, we explore the metabolic pathways associated with ferroptosis and the impact of the gut microbiota on host metabolism. We subsequently summarize recent studies on the influence and regulation of ferroptosis by the gut microbiota and discuss potential mechanisms through which the gut microbiota affects ferroptosis. Additionally, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of the relationship between the gut microbiota and ferroptosis in the context of chronic kidney disease. This analysis can provide new insights into the current research status and future of ferroptosis and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Mao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhong-Xiuzi Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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7
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Chen X, Poetsch A. The Role of Cdo1 in Ferroptosis and Apoptosis in Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:918. [PMID: 38672271 PMCID: PMC11047957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (Cdo1) is a tumor suppressor gene. It regulates the metabolism of cysteine, thereby influencing the cellular antioxidative capacity. This function puts Cdo1 in a prominent position to promote ferroptosis and apoptosis. Cdo1 promotes ferroptosis mainly by decreasing the amounts of antioxidants, leading to autoperoxidation of the cell membrane through Fenton reaction. Cdo1 promotes apoptosis mainly through the product of cysteine metabolism, taurine, and low level of antioxidants. Many cancers exhibit altered function of Cdo1, underscoring its crucial role in cancer cell survival. Genetic and epigenetic alterations have been found, with methylation of Cdo1 promoter as the most common mutation. The fact that no cancer was found to be caused by altered Cdo1 function alone indicates that the tumor suppressor role of Cdo1 is mild. By compiling the current knowledge about apoptosis, ferroptosis, and the role of Cdo1, this review suggests possibilities for how the mild anticancer role of Cdo1 could be harnessed in new cancer therapies. Here, developing drugs targeting Cdo1 is considered meaningful in neoadjuvant therapies, for example, helping against the development of anti-cancer drug resistance in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ansgar Poetsch
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
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8
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Pillai R, LeBoeuf SE, Hao Y, New C, Blum JLE, Rashidfarrokhi A, Huang SM, Bahamon C, Wu WL, Karadal-Ferrena B, Herrera A, Ivanova E, Cross M, Bossowski JP, Ding H, Hayashi M, Rajalingam S, Karakousi T, Sayin VI, Khanna KM, Wong KK, Wild R, Tsirigos A, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, Davidson SM, Koralov SB, Papagiannakopoulos T. Glutamine antagonist DRP-104 suppresses tumor growth and enhances response to checkpoint blockade in KEAP1 mutant lung cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm9859. [PMID: 38536921 PMCID: PMC10971495 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1 frequently occur in lung cancer and are associated with poor prognosis and resistance to standard of care treatment, highlighting the need for the development of targeted therapies. We previously showed that KEAP1 mutant tumors consume glutamine to support the metabolic rewiring associated with NRF2-dependent antioxidant production. Here, using preclinical patient-derived xenograft models and antigenic orthotopic lung cancer models, we show that the glutamine antagonist prodrug DRP-104 impairs the growth of KEAP1 mutant tumors. We find that DRP-104 suppresses KEAP1 mutant tumors by inhibiting glutamine-dependent nucleotide synthesis and promoting antitumor T cell responses. Using multimodal single-cell sequencing and ex vivo functional assays, we demonstrate that DRP-104 reverses T cell exhaustion, decreases Tregs, and enhances the function of CD4 and CD8 T cells, culminating in an improved response to anti-PD1 therapy. Our preclinical findings provide compelling evidence that DRP-104, currently in clinical trials, offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating patients with KEAP1 mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Pillai
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sarah E. LeBoeuf
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yuan Hao
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Connie New
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jenna L. E. Blum
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ali Rashidfarrokhi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shih Ming Huang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Christian Bahamon
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Warren L. Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Burcu Karadal-Ferrena
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ellie Ivanova
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Cross
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jozef P. Bossowski
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hongyu Ding
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Makiko Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sahith Rajalingam
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Triantafyllia Karakousi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Volkan I. Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kamal M. Khanna
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert Wild
- Dracen Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - John T. Poirier
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10655, USA
| | - Shawn M. Davidson
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sergei B. Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
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9
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Egbujor MC, Olaniyan OT, Emeruwa CN, Saha S, Saso L, Tucci P. An insight into role of amino acids as antioxidants via NRF2 activation. Amino Acids 2024; 56:23. [PMID: 38506925 PMCID: PMC10954862 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can affect the protein, lipids, and DNA of the cells and thus, play a crucial role in several pathophysiological conditions. It has already been established that oxidative stress has a close association with inflammation via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Amino acids are notably the building block of proteins and constitute the major class of nitrogen-containing natural products of medicinal importance. They exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities, including the ability to activate NRF2, a transcription factor that regulates endogenous antioxidant responses. Moreover, amino acids may act as synergistic antioxidants as part of our dietary supplementations. This has aroused research interest in the NRF2-inducing activity of amino acids. Interestingly, amino acids' activation of NRF2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling pathway exerts therapeutic effects in several diseases. Therefore, the present review will discuss the relationship between different amino acids and activation of NRF2-KEAP1 signaling pathway pinning their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We also discussed amino acids formulations and their applications as therapeutics. This will broaden the prospect of the therapeutic applications of amino acids in a myriad of inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases. This will provide an insight for designing and developing new chemical entities as NRF2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melford C Egbujor
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Bayelsa, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggia, Italy
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10
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Wu K, El Zowalaty AE, Sayin VI, Papagiannakopoulos T. The pleiotropic functions of reactive oxygen species in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:384-399. [PMID: 38531982 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cellular redox homeostasis is an essential, dynamic process that ensures the balance between reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells and thus has implications across all areas of biology. Changes in levels of reactive oxygen species can disrupt redox homeostasis, leading to oxidative or reductive stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of many malignancies, including cancer. From transformation and tumor initiation to metastatic dissemination, increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells can paradoxically promote or suppress the tumorigenic process, depending on the extent of redox stress, its spatiotemporal characteristics and the tumor microenvironment. Here we review how redox regulation influences tumorigenesis, highlighting therapeutic opportunities enabled by redox-related alterations in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Ezat El Zowalaty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Warnhoff K, Bhattacharya S, Snoozy J, Breen PC, Ruvkun G. Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife 2024; 12:RP89173. [PMID: 38349720 PMCID: PMC10942545 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxygenase is regulated is largely unknown. In an unbiased genetic screen for mutations that activate cysteine dioxygenase (cdo-1) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we isolated loss-of-function mutations in rhy-1 and egl-9, which encode proteins that negatively regulate the stability or activity of the oxygen-sensing hypoxia inducible transcription factor (hif-1). EGL-9 and HIF-1 are core members of the conserved eukaryotic hypoxia response. However, we demonstrate that the mechanism of HIF-1-mediated induction of cdo-1 is largely independent of EGL-9 prolyl hydroxylase activity and the von Hippel-Lindau E3 ubiquitin ligase, the classical hypoxia signaling pathway components. We demonstrate that C. elegans cdo-1 is transcriptionally activated by high levels of cysteine and hif-1. hif-1-dependent activation of cdo-1 occurs downstream of an H2S-sensing pathway that includes rhy-1, cysl-1, and egl-9. cdo-1 transcription is primarily activated in the hypodermis where it is also sufficient to drive sulfur amino acid metabolism. Thus, the regulation of cdo-1 by hif-1 reveals a negative feedback loop that maintains cysteine homeostasis. High levels of cysteine stimulate the production of an H2S signal. H2S then acts through the rhy-1/cysl-1/egl-9 signaling pathway to increase HIF-1-mediated transcription of cdo-1, promoting degradation of cysteine via CDO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Warnhoff
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford ResearchSioux FallsUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South DakotaSioux FallsUnited States
| | | | - Jennifer Snoozy
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford ResearchSioux FallsUnited States
| | - Peter C Breen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Gary Ruvkun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
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12
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Hipólito A, Mendes C, Martins F, Lemos I, Francisco I, Cunha F, Almodôvar T, Albuquerque C, Gonçalves LG, Bonifácio VDB, Vicente JB, Serpa J. H 2S-Synthesizing Enzymes Are Putative Determinants in Lung Cancer Management toward Personalized Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 38247476 PMCID: PMC10812562 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a lethal disease with no truly efficient therapeutic management despite the progresses, and metabolic profiling can be a way of stratifying patients who may benefit from new therapies. The present study is dedicated to profiling cysteine metabolic pathways in NSCLC cell lines and tumor samples. This was carried out by analyzing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ATP levels, examining mRNA and protein expression patterns of cysteine catabolic enzymes and transporters, and conducting metabolomics analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Selenium-chrysin (SeChry) was tested as a therapeutic alternative with the aim of having an effect on cysteine catabolism and showed promising results. NSCLC cell lines presented different cysteine metabolic patterns, with A549 and H292 presenting a higher reliance on cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) to maintain H2S levels, while the PC-9 cell line presented an adaptive behavior based on the use of mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) and cysteine dioxygenase (CDO1), both contributing to the role of cysteine as a pyruvate source. The analyses of human lung tumor samples corroborated this variability in profiles, meaning that the expression of certain genes may be informative in defining prognosis and new targets. Heterogeneity points out individual profiles, and the identification of new targets among metabolic players is a step forward in cancer management toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Cindy Mendes
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Filipa Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Isabel Lemos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Inês Francisco
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Fernando Cunha
- Pathology Department, The Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Teresa Almodôvar
- Pneumology Department, The Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Cristina Albuquerque
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Luís G. Gonçalves
- Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (L.G.G.); (J.B.V.)
| | - Vasco D. B. Bonifácio
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, IST-Lisbon University, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Bioengineering Department, IST-Lisbon University, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João B. Vicente
- Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (L.G.G.); (J.B.V.)
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, fromThe Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPOLFG), 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
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13
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Greenwood HE, Edwards RS, Tyrrell WE, Barber AR, Baark F, Tanc M, Khalil E, Falzone A, Ward NP, DeBlasi JM, Torrente L, Pearce DR, Firth G, Smith LM, Timmermand OV, Huebner A, George ME, Swanton C, Hynds RE, DeNicola GM, Witney TH. Imaging the master regulator of the antioxidant response in non-small cell lung cancer with positron emission tomography. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.16.572007. [PMID: 38168428 PMCID: PMC10760199 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.572007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the NRF2-KEAP1 pathway are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and confer broad-spectrum therapeutic resistance, leading to poor outcomes. The cystine/glutamate antiporter, system xc-, is one of the >200 cytoprotective proteins controlled by NRF2, which can be non-invasively imaged by (S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate ([18F]FSPG) positron emission tomography (PET). Through genetic and pharmacologic manipulation, we show that [18F]FSPG provides a sensitive and specific marker of NRF2 activation in advanced preclinical models of NSCLC. We validate imaging readouts with metabolomic measurements of system xc- activity and their coupling to intracellular glutathione concentration. A redox gene signature was measured in patients from the TRACERx 421 cohort, suggesting an opportunity for patient stratification prior to imaging. Furthermore, we reveal that system xc- is a metabolic vulnerability that can be therapeutically targeted for sustained tumour growth suppression in aggressive NSCLC. Our results establish [18F]FSPG as predictive marker of therapy resistance in NSCLC and provide the basis for the clinical evaluation of both imaging and therapeutic agents that target this important antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Greenwood
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Richard S. Edwards
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Will E. Tyrrell
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Abigail R. Barber
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Friedrich Baark
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Muhammet Tanc
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Eman Khalil
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nathan P. Ward
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Janine M. DeBlasi
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Laura Torrente
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - David R. Pearce
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - George Firth
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Lydia M. Smith
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ariana Huebner
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Madeleine E. George
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Robert E. Hynds
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Timothy H. Witney
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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14
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Lee SCES, Pyo AHA, Koritzinsky M. Longitudinal dynamics of the tumor hypoxia response: From enzyme activity to biological phenotype. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj6409. [PMID: 37992163 PMCID: PMC10664991 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj6409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Poor oxygenation (hypoxia) is a common spatially heterogeneous feature of human tumors. Biological responses to tumor hypoxia are orchestrated by the decreased activity of oxygen-dependent enzymes. The affinity of these enzymes for oxygen positions them along a continuum of oxygen sensing that defines their roles in launching reactive and adaptive cellular responses. These responses encompass regulation of all steps in the central dogma, with rapid perturbation of the metabolome and proteome followed by more persistent reprogramming of the transcriptome and epigenome. Core hypoxia response genes and pathways are commonly regulated at multiple inflection points, fine-tuning the dependencies on oxygen concentration and hypoxia duration. Ultimately, shifts in the activity of oxygen-sensing enzymes directly or indirectly endow cells with intrinsic hypoxia tolerance and drive processes that are associated with aggressive phenotypes in cancer including angiogenesis, migration, invasion, immune evasion, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Che-Eun S. Lee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Hye An Pyo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marianne Koritzinsky
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Warnhoff K, Bhattacharya S, Snoozy J, Breen PC, Ruvkun G. Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.04.538701. [PMID: 37205365 PMCID: PMC10187278 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.04.538701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxygenase is regulated is largely unknown. In an unbiased genetic screen for mutations that activate cysteine dioxygenase (cdo-1) in the nematode C. elegans, we isolated loss-of-function mutations in rhy-1 and egl-9, which encode proteins that negatively regulate the stability or activity of the oxygen-sensing hypoxia inducible transcription factor (hif-1). EGL-9 and HIF-1 are core members of the conserved eukaryotic hypoxia response. However, we demonstrate that the mechanism of HIF-1-mediated induction of cdo-1 is largely independent of EGL-9 prolyl hydroxylase activity and the von Hippel-Lindau E3 ubiquitin ligase, the classical hypoxia signaling pathway components. We demonstrate that C. elegans cdo-1 is transcriptionally activated by high levels of cysteine and hif-1. hif-1-dependent activation of cdo-1 occurs downstream of an H2S-sensing pathway that includes rhy-1, cysl-1, and egl-9. cdo-1 transcription is primarily activated in the hypodermis where it is also sufficient to drive sulfur amino acid metabolism. Thus, the regulation of cdo-1 by hif-1 reveals a negative feedback loop that maintains cysteine homeostasis. High levels of cysteine stimulate the production of an H2S signal. H2S then acts through the rhy-1/cysl-1/egl-9 signaling pathway to increase HIF-1-mediated transcription of cdo-1, promoting degradation of cysteine via CDO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Warnhoff
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105 USA
| | - Sushila Bhattacharya
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Jennifer Snoozy
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Peter C. Breen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gary Ruvkun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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16
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Conger KO, Chidley C, Ozgurses ME, Zhao H, Kim Y, Semina SE, Burns P, Rawat V, Sheldon R, Ben-Sahra I, Frasor J, Sorger PK, DeNicola GM, Coloff JL. ASCT2 is the primary serine transporter in cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561530. [PMID: 37873453 PMCID: PMC10592681 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The non-essential amino acid serine is a critical nutrient for cancer cells due to its diverse biosynthetic functions. While some tumors can synthesize serine de novo, others are auxotrophic for serine and therefore reliant on the uptake of exogenous serine. Importantly, however, the transporter(s) that mediate serine uptake in cancer cells are not known. Here, we characterize the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (coded for by the gene SLC1A5) as the primary serine transporter in cancer cells. ASCT2 is well-known as a glutamine transporter in cancer, and our work demonstrates that serine and glutamine compete for uptake through ASCT2. We further show that ASCT2-mediated serine uptake is essential for purine nucleotide biosynthesis and that ERα promotes serine uptake by directly activating SLC1A5 transcription. Together, our work defines an additional important role for ASCT2 as a serine transporter in cancer and evaluates ASCT2 as a potential therapeutic target in serine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O. Conger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Chidley
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mete Emir Ozgurses
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Svetlana E. Semina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philippa Burns
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vipin Rawat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Sheldon
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Coloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Yousefi M, Andrejka L, Szamecz M, Winslow MM, Petrov DA, Boross G. Fully accessible fitness landscape of oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303224120. [PMID: 37695905 PMCID: PMC10515140 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303224120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer genomes are almost invariably complex with genomic alterations cooperating during each step of carcinogenesis. In cancers that lack a single dominant oncogene mutation, cooperation between the inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes can drive tumor initiation and growth. Here, we shed light on how the sequential acquisition of genomic alterations generates oncogene-negative lung tumors. We couple tumor barcoding with combinatorial and multiplexed somatic genome editing to characterize the fitness landscapes of three tumor suppressor genes NF1, RASA1, and PTEN, the inactivation of which jointly drives oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma initiation and growth. The fitness landscape was surprisingly accessible, with each additional mutation leading to growth advantage. Furthermore, the fitness landscapes remained fully accessible across backgrounds with the inactivation of additional tumor suppressor genes. These results suggest that while predicting cancer evolution will be challenging, acquiring the multiple alterations that drive the growth of oncogene-negative tumors can be facilitated by the lack of constraints on mutational order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yousefi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Laura Andrejka
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Márton Szamecz
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Informatics, Budapest1053, Hungary
| | - Monte M. Winslow
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Dmitri A. Petrov
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Gábor Boross
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
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18
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Pillai R, LeBoeuf SE, Hao Y, New C, Blum JLE, Rashidfarrokhi A, Huang SM, Bahamon C, Wu WL, Karadal-Ferrena B, Herrera A, Ivanova E, Cross M, Bossowski JP, Ding H, Hayashi M, Rajalingam S, Karakousi T, Sayin VI, Khanna KM, Wong KK, Wild R, Tsirigos A, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, Davidson SM, Koralov SB, Papagiannakopoulos T. Glutamine antagonist DRP-104 suppresses tumor growth and enhances response to checkpoint blockade in KEAP1 mutant lung cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.27.546750. [PMID: 37425844 PMCID: PMC10327154 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.546750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1 frequently occur in lung cancer and are associated with resistance to standard of care treatment, highlighting the need for the development of targeted therapies. We have previously shown that KEAP1 mutant tumors have increased glutamine consumption to support the metabolic rewiring associated with NRF2 activation. Here, using patient-derived xenograft models and antigenic orthotopic lung cancer models, we show that the novel glutamine antagonist DRP-104 impairs the growth of KEAP1 mutant tumors. We find that DRP-104 suppresses KEAP1 mutant tumor growth by inhibiting glutamine-dependent nucleotide synthesis and promoting anti-tumor CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. Using multimodal single-cell sequencing and ex vivo functional assays, we discover that DRP-104 reverses T cell exhaustion and enhances the function of CD4 and CD8 T cells culminating in an improved response to anti-PD1 therapy. Our pre-clinical findings provide compelling evidence that DRP-104, currently in phase 1 clinical trials, offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating patients with KEAP1 mutant lung cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that by combining DRP-104 with checkpoint inhibition, we can achieve suppression of tumor intrinsic metabolism and augmentation of anti-tumor T cell responses.
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19
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DeBlasi JM, Falzone A, Caldwell S, Prieto-Farigua N, Prigge JR, Schmidt EE, Chio IIC, Karreth FA, DeNicola GM. Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Thresholds Mediate Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1953-1967. [PMID: 37062029 PMCID: PMC10267679 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the KEAP1-NRF2 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2) pathway occur in up to a third of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases and often confer resistance to therapy and poor outcomes. Here, we developed murine alleles of the KEAP1 and NRF2 mutations found in human NSCLC and comprehensively interrogated their impact on tumor initiation and progression. Chronic NRF2 stabilization by Keap1 or Nrf2 mutation was not sufficient to induce tumorigenesis, even in the absence of tumor suppressors, p53 or LKB1. When combined with KrasG12D/+, constitutive NRF2 activation promoted lung tumor initiation and early progression of hyperplasia to low-grade tumors but impaired their progression to advanced-grade tumors, which was reversed by NRF2 deletion. Finally, NRF2 overexpression in KEAP1 mutant human NSCLC cell lines was detrimental to cell proliferation, viability, and anchorage-independent colony formation. Collectively, these results establish the context-dependence and activity threshold for NRF2 during the lung tumorigenic process. SIGNIFICANCE Stabilization of the transcription factor NRF2 promotes oncogene-driven tumor initiation but blocks tumor progression, indicating distinct, threshold-dependent effects of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway in different stages of lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M. DeBlasi
- Department of Metabolism & Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Metabolism & Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Samantha Caldwell
- Department of Metabolism & Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Nicolas Prieto-Farigua
- Department of Metabolism & Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Justin R. Prigge
- Microbiology & Cell Biology Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Edward E. Schmidt
- Microbiology & Cell Biology Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Iok In Christine Chio
- Department of Genetics and Development, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Florian A. Karreth
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism & Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
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20
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Yoon SJ, Combs JA, Falzone A, Prieto-Farigua N, Caldwell S, Ackerman HD, Flores ER, DeNicola GM. Comprehensive Metabolic Tracing Reveals the Origin and Catabolism of Cysteine in Mammalian Tissues and Tumors. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1426-1442. [PMID: 36862034 PMCID: PMC10152234 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine plays critical roles in cellular biosynthesis, enzyme catalysis, and redox metabolism. The intracellular cysteine pool can be sustained by cystine uptake or de novo synthesis from serine and homocysteine. Demand for cysteine is increased during tumorigenesis for generating glutathione to deal with oxidative stress. While cultured cells have been shown to be highly dependent on exogenous cystine for proliferation and survival, how diverse tissues obtain and use cysteine in vivo has not been characterized. We comprehensively interrogated cysteine metabolism in normal murine tissues and cancers that arise from them using stable isotope 13C1-serine and 13C6-cystine tracing. De novo cysteine synthesis was highest in normal liver and pancreas and absent in lung tissue, while cysteine synthesis was either inactive or downregulated during tumorigenesis. In contrast, cystine uptake and metabolism to downstream metabolites was a universal feature of normal tissues and tumors. However, differences in glutathione labeling from cysteine were evident across tumor types. Thus, cystine is a major contributor to the cysteine pool in tumors, and glutathione metabolism is differentially active across tumor types. SIGNIFICANCE Stable isotope 13C1-serine and 13C6-cystine tracing characterizes cysteine metabolism in normal murine tissues and its rewiring in tumors using genetically engineered mouse models of liver, pancreas, and lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Yoon
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Joseph A. Combs
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Nicolas Prieto-Farigua
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Samantha Caldwell
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Hayley D. Ackerman
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Elsa R. Flores
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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21
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Asantewaa G, Tuttle ET, Ward NP, Kang YP, Kim Y, Kavanagh ME, Girnius N, Chen Y, Duncan R, Rodriguez K, Hecht F, Zocchi M, Smorodintsev-Schiller L, Scales TQ, Taylor K, Alimohammadi F, Sechrist ZR, Agostini-Vulaj D, Schafer XL, Chang H, Smith Z, O'Connor TN, Whelan S, Selfors LM, Crowdis J, Gray GK, Bronson RT, Brenner D, Rufini A, Dirksen RT, Hezel AF, Huber AR, Munger J, Cravatt BF, Vasiliou V, Cole CL, DeNicola GM, Harris IS. Glutathione supports lipid abundance in vivo. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.524960. [PMID: 36798186 PMCID: PMC9934595 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.524960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Cells rely on antioxidants to survive. The most abundant antioxidant is glutathione (GSH). The synthesis of GSH is non-redundantly controlled by the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). GSH imbalance is implicated in many diseases, but the requirement for GSH in adult tissues is unclear. To interrogate this, we developed a series of in vivo models to induce Gclc deletion in adult animals. We find that GSH is essential to lipid abundance in vivo. GSH levels are reported to be highest in liver tissue, which is also a hub for lipid production. While the loss of GSH did not cause liver failure, it decreased lipogenic enzyme expression, circulating triglyceride levels, and fat stores. Mechanistically, we found that GSH promotes lipid abundance by repressing NRF2, a transcription factor induced by oxidative stress. These studies identify GSH as a fulcrum in the liver's balance of redox buffering and triglyceride production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Asantewaa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Emily T Tuttle
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Nathan P Ward
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Madeline E Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Nomeda Girnius
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Renae Duncan
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Katherine Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Fabio Hecht
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Marco Zocchi
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Leonid Smorodintsev-Schiller
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - TashJaé Q Scales
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Kira Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Fatemeh Alimohammadi
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Zachary R Sechrist
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Surgery and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Diana Agostini-Vulaj
- Department of Surgery and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Xenia L Schafer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Hayley Chang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Zachary Smith
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Thomas N O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Surgery and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Sarah Whelan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK
| | - Laura M Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Jett Crowdis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - G Kenneth Gray
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental & Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Aram F Hezel
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Aaron R Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Josh Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA, 92037
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Calvin L Cole
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Department of Surgery and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, 14642
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22
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Yousefi M, Andrejka L, Winslow MM, Petrov DA, Boross G. Fully accessible fitness landscape of oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526178. [PMID: 36778226 PMCID: PMC9915475 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer genomes are almost invariably complex with genomic alterations cooperating during each step of carcinogenesis. In cancers that lack a single dominant oncogene mutation, cooperation between the inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes can drive tumor initiation and growth. Here, we shed light on how the sequential acquisition of genomic alterations generates oncogene-negative lung tumors. We couple tumor barcoding with combinatorial and multiplexed somatic genome editing to characterize the fitness landscapes of three tumor suppressor genes NF1, RASA1, and PTEN, the inactivation of which jointly drives oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma initiation and growth. The fitness landscape was surprisingly accessible, with each additional mutation leading to growth advantage. Furthermore, the fitness landscapes remained fully accessible across backgrounds with additional tumor suppressor mutations. These results suggest that while predicting cancer evolution will be challenging, acquiring the multiple alterations required for the growth of oncogene-negative tumors can be facilitated by the lack of constraints on mutational order.
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23
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Kaida T, Fujiyama Y, Soeno T, Yokota M, Nakamoto S, Goto T, Watanabe A, Okuno K, Nie Y, Fujino S, Yokota K, Harada H, Tanaka Y, Tanaka T, Yokoi K, Kojo K, Miura H, Yamanashi T, Sato T, Sasaki J, Sangai T, Hiki N, Kumamoto Y, Naitoh T, Yamashita K. Less demand on stem cell marker-positive cancer cells may characterize metastasis of colon cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277395. [PMID: 37098074 PMCID: PMC10128954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD44 and CD133 are stem cell markers in colorectal cancer (CRC). CD44 has distinctive isoforms with different oncological properties like total CD44 (CD44T) and variant CD44 (CD44V). Clinical significance of such markers remains elusive. METHODS Sixty colon cancer were examined for CD44T/CD44V and CD133 at mRNA level in a quantitative PCR, and clarified for their association with clinicopathological factors. RESULTS (1) Both CD44T and CD44V showed higher expression in primary colon tumors than in non-cancerous mucosas (p<0.0001), while CD133 was expressed even in non-cancerous mucosa and rather decreased in the tumors (p = 0.048). (2) CD44V expression was significantly associated with CD44T expression (R = 0.62, p<0.0001), while they were not correlated to CD133 at all in the primary tumors. (3) CD44V/CD44T expressions were significantly higher in right colon cancer than in left colon cancer (p = 0.035/p = 0.012, respectively), while CD133 expression were not (p = 0.20). (4) In primary tumors, unexpectedly, CD44V/CD44T/CD133 mRNA expressions were not correlated with aggressive phenotypes, but CD44V/CD44T rather significantly with less aggressive lymph node metastasis/distant metastasis (p = 0.040/p = 0.039, respectively). Moreover, both CD44V and CD133 expressions were significantly decreased in liver metastasis as compared to primary tumors (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.0006, respectively). CONCLUSION Our transcript expression analysis of cancer stem cell markers did not conclude that their expression could represent aggressive phenotypes of primary and metastatic tumors, and rather represented less demand on stem cell marker-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kaida
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Fujiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of General Pediatric and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of General Pediatric and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kota Okuno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nie
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of General Pediatric and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shiori Fujino
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Miura
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamanashi
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jiichiro Sasaki
- Multidisciplinary Cancer Care and Treatment Center, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sangai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of General Pediatric and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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24
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Cysteine dioxygenase 1 attenuates the proliferation via inducing oxidative stress and integrated stress response in gastric cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:493. [PMID: 36526626 PMCID: PMC9758200 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Whereas cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) expression is lost due to its hypermethylated promoter across a range of cancer types including gastric cancer (GC), its functions and molecular underpinnings remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that reduced CDO1 expression is indicative of unfavorable prognosis in patients with GC. CDO1 overexpression in GC cells markedly inhibits cellular proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CDO1 exerts this cytostatic effect via increasing oxidative stress and thus activating integrated stress response (ISR) in GC cells. High throughput screening (HTS) of antioxidants library identifies that Engeletin, a flavanonol glycoside, blunts oxidative stress and the ISR to relieve the inhibitory effect of CDO1 on the proliferation in GC cells. Additionally, genetic disruption or pharmaceutical inhibition of the ISR boosts the growth in the GC cells with CDO1 expression. Our data uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the cytostatic function of CDO1 in the proliferation of GC cells.
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25
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Luo L, Zhang Z, Weng Y, Zeng J. Ferroptosis-Related Gene GCLC Is a Novel Prognostic Molecular and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:3371. [PMID: 36359768 PMCID: PMC9657570 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent type of cell death, has been found to play a crucial role in the depression of tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be further elucidated. Differential expression analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were utilized in this study to search for FRGs that were associated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. The influences of candidate markers on LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and ferroptosis were evaluated by CCK8, colony formation, and functional experimental assays in association with ferroptosis. To predict the prognosis of LUAD patients, we constructed a predictive signature comprised of six FRGs. We discovered a critical gene (GCLC) after intersecting the prognostic analysis results of all aspects, and its high expression was associated with a bad prognosis in LUAD. Correlation research revealed that GCLC was related to a variety of clinical information from LUAD patients. At the same time, in the experimental verification, we found that GCLC expression was upregulated in LUAD cell lines, and silencing GCLC accelerated ferroptosis and decreased LUAD cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, this study established a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature and discovered a crucial gene, GCLC, that might be a new prognostic biomarker of LUAD patients, as well as provide a potential therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Yanmin Weng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jiayan Zeng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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26
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Kitamura H, Takeda H, Motohashi H. Genetic, Metabolic and Immunological Features of Cancers with NRF2 Addiction. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1981-1993. [PMID: 35899372 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor that coordinately regulates the expression of many cytoprotective genes and plays a central role in defense mechanisms against oxidative and electrophilic insults. Although increased NRF2 activity is principally beneficial for our health, NRF2 activation in cancer cells is detrimental. Many human cancers exhibit persistent NRF2 activation and such cancer cells rely on NRF2 for most of their malignant characteristics, such as therapeutic resistance and aggressive tumorigenesis, and thus fall into NRF2 addiction. The persistent activation of NRF2 confers great advantages on cancer cells, whereas it is not tolerated by normal cells, suggesting that certain requirements are necessary for a cell to exploit NRF2 and evolve into malignant a cancer cell. In this review, recent reports and data on the genetic, metabolic and immunological features of NRF2-activated cancer cells are summarized, and prerequisites for NRF2 addiction in cancer cells and their therapeutic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Haruna Takeda
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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27
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Meng J, Zhao Y, Lan X, Wang S. Granulosa cell transcriptomic study reveals the differential regulation of lncRNAs and mRNAs related to follicle development in goat. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:967-979. [PMID: 35596738 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian follicle development is a complex biological process regulated by several factors. More than 99% of the follicles in goat ovaries will be atresia and only a few will eventually mature and ovulate. To investigate the potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate the expression of genes associated with follicular dominance or atresia, RNA-seq was performed on dominant follicles (DFs) and subordinate follicles (SFs) of granulosa cells from goats at the first follicular wave. A total of 92 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 676 differentially expressed mRNAs were detected in both types of follicles. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing data. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of the differentially expressed mRNAs revealed that LHR and LDLR are associated with follicle dominance and are involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. The co-located mRNAs CALM2 and PPP1CA were significantly enriched during oocyte meiosis and in the cAMP and oxytocin signaling pathways. The co-expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in the estrogen signaling pathway and in ovarian steroidogenesis and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation. A co-expression network of lncRNAs, target genes, and differentially expressed genes was constructed. Follicle development-related genes, such as LDLR, NOTCH1, and FGF12, were included. These findings expand the lncRNA catalog and provide a basis for further studies on the mechanism of regulating follicular development in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | | | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangling, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shuilian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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28
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Yang Y, Sun S, Xu W, Zhang Y, Yang R, Ma K, Zhang J, Xu J. Piperlongumine Inhibits Thioredoxin Reductase 1 by Targeting Selenocysteine Residues and Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Erastin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040710. [PMID: 35453395 PMCID: PMC9030593 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine, a natural alkaloid substance extracted from the fruit of the long pepper (Piper longum Linn.), is known to inhibit the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1 or TrxR1) and selectively kill cancer cells. However, the details and mechanism of the inhibition by piperlongumine against TXNRD1 remain unclear. In this study, based on the classical DTNB reducing assay, irreversible inhibition of recombinant TXNRD1 by piperlongumine was found and showed an apparent kinact value of 0.206 × 10−3 µM−1 min−1. Meanwhile, compared with the wild-type TXNRD1 (-GCUG), the UGA-truncated form (-GC) of TXNRD1 was resistant to piperlongumine, suggesting the preferential target of piperlongumine is the selenol (-SeH) at the C-terminal redox motif of the enzyme. Interestingly, the high concentration of piperlongumine-inhibited TXNRD1 showed that its Sec-dependent activity is decayed but its intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity is retained. Furthermore, piperlongumine did not induce ferroptosis in HCT116 cells at 10 µM, whereas significantly promoted erastin-induced lipid oxidation, which could be alleviated by supplying glutathione (GSH) or N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC). However, restricting GSH synthesis by inhibiting glutaminase (GLS) using the small molecule inhibitor CB-839 only slightly enhanced erastin-induced cell death. Taken together, this study elucidates the molecular mechanism of the antitumor capacity of piperlongumine by targeting TXNRD1 and reveals the potential possibility of inhibiting TXNRD1 to strengthen cancer cells’ ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Yang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
| | - Shibo Sun
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
| | - Weiping Xu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology (OST), Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China;
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
| | - Kun Ma
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation (CASS), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.Z.); (R.Y.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-189-0986-4926; Fax: +86-427-263-1429
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Chen M, Zhu JY, Mu WJ, Guo L. Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1): its functional role in physiological and pathophysiological processes. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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30
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Pillai R, Hayashi M, Zavitsanou AM, Papagiannakopoulos T. NRF2: KEAPing Tumors Protected. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:625-643. [PMID: 35101864 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway plays a physiologic protective role against xenobiotics and reactive oxygen species. However, activation of NRF2 provides a powerful selective advantage for tumors by rewiring metabolism to enhance proliferation, suppress various forms of stress, and promote immune evasion. Genetic, epigenetic, and posttranslational alterations that activate the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway are found in multiple solid tumors. Emerging clinical data highlight that alterations in this pathway result in resistance to multiple therapies. Here, we provide an overview of how dysregulation of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway in cancer contributes to several hallmarks of cancer that promote tumorigenesis and lead to treatment resistance. SIGNIFICANCE: Alterations in the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway are found in multiple cancer types. Activation of NRF2 leads to metabolic rewiring of tumors that promote tumor initiation and progression. Here we present the known alterations that lead to NRF2 activation in cancer, the mechanisms in which NRF2 activation promotes tumors, and the therapeutic implications of NRF2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Pillai
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, New York.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Makiko Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anastasia-Maria Zavitsanou
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
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31
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Poltorack CD, Dixon SJ. Understanding the role of cysteine in ferroptosis: progress & paradoxes. FEBS J 2022; 289:374-385. [PMID: 33773039 PMCID: PMC8473584 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid required for the synthesis of proteins and many important intracellular metabolites. Cysteine depletion can trigger iron-dependent nonapoptotic cell death-ferroptosis. Despite this, cysteine itself is normally maintained at relatively low levels within the cell, and many mechanisms that could act to buffer cysteine depletion do not appear to be especially effective or active, at least in cancer cells. How do we reconcile these seemingly paradoxical features? Here, we describe the regulation of cysteine and its contribution to ferroptosis and speculate about how the levels of this amino acid are controlled to govern nonapoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott J. Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Corresponding author:
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32
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Harada H, Nie Y, Araki I, Soeno T, Chuman M, Washio M, Sakuraya M, Ushiku H, Niihara M, Hosoda K, Kumamoto Y, Naitoh T, Sangai T, Hiki N, Yamashita K. Haploinsufficiency by minute MutL homolog 1 promoter DNA methylation may represent unique phenotypes of microsatellite instability-gastric carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260303. [PMID: 34936649 PMCID: PMC8694418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter DNA methylation of MutL homolog 1 (MLH1) is considered to play a causative role in microsatellite instability (MSI) carcinogenesis in primary gastric cancer, and a high MSI status is associated with treatment sensitivity to human cancers. Nevertheless, clinicopathological analysis is defective for MLH1 methylation status in a quantitative manner. We newly developed quantitative methylation specific PCR using a TaqMan probe and applied it to 138 patients with primary gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy in addition to basic molecular features such as MSI, Epstein Barr virus, and other DNA methylation status. (1) In primary gastric cancer, median methylation value was 0.055, ranging from 0 to 124.3. First, MLH1 hypermethylation was strongly correlated with MSI-High/MSI-Low status and suppressed immunostaining (P < 0.0001). (2) The MLH1 hypermethylation was associated with advanced age (P = 0.0048), antral location (P = 0.0486), synchronous multiple gastric cancer (P = 0.0001), and differentiated histology (P = 0.028). (3) Log-rank plot analysis identified the most relevant cut-off value (0.23) to reflect gentle phenotypes in MLH1 hypermethylation cases (P = 0.0019), especially in advanced gastric cancer (P = 0.0132), which are designated as haploinsufficiency of MSI (MSI-haplo) phenotype in this study. (4) In synchronous multiple gastric cancer, MLH1 hypermethylation was not necessarily confirmed as field cancerization. (5) MSI-haplo defined by MLH1 methylation status represented distinct prognostic phenotype even after molecular classifications. MLH1 hypermethylation designated as MSI-haplo may represent unique prognostic phenotype during gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Harada
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nie
- Department of General, Pediatric and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ippeita Araki
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motohiro Chuman
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sakuraya
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Niihara
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of General, Pediatric and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sangai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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33
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DeNicola GM, Shackelford DB. Metabolic Phenotypes, Dependencies, and Adaptation in Lung Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:a037838. [PMID: 34127512 PMCID: PMC8559540 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is subdivided into histopathological subtypes with distinct behaviors. Each subtype is characterized by distinct features and molecular alterations that influence tumor metabolism. Alterations in tumor metabolism can be exploited by imaging modalities that use metabolite tracers for the detection and characterization of tumors. Microenvironmental factors, including nutrient and oxygen availability and the presence of stromal cells, are a critical influence on tumor metabolism. Recent technological advances facilitate the direct evaluation of metabolic alterations in patient tumors in this complex microenvironment. In addition, molecular alterations directly influence tumor cell metabolism and metabolic dependencies that influence response to therapy. Current therapeutic approaches to target tumor metabolism are currently being developed and translated into the clinic for patient therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - David B Shackelford
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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34
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Torrente L, DeNicola GM. Targeting NRF2 and Its Downstream Processes: Opportunities and Challenges. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 62:279-300. [PMID: 34499527 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-104025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 coordinates the expression of a vast array of cytoprotective and metabolic genes in response to various stress inputs to restore cellular homeostasis. Transient activation of NRF2 in healthy tissues has been long recognized as a cellular defense mechanism and is critical to prevent cancer initiation by carcinogens. However, cancer cells frequently hijack the protective capability of NRF2 to sustain the redox balance and meet their metabolic requirements for proliferation. Further, aberrant activation of NRF2 in cancer cells confers resistance to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. During the last decade, many research groups have attempted to block NRF2 activity in tumors to counteract the survival and proliferative advantage of cancer cells and reverse resistance to treatment. In this review, we highlight the role of NRF2 in cancer progression and discuss the past and current approaches to disable NRF2 signaling in tumors. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Volume 62 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Torrente
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA;
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA;
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Abstract
The gene expression program induced by NRF2 transcription factor plays a critical role in cell defense responses against a broad variety of cellular stresses, most importantly oxidative stress. NRF2 stability is fine-tuned regulated by KEAP1, which drives its degradation in the absence of oxidative stress. In the context of cancer, NRF2 cytoprotective functions were initially linked to anti-oncogenic properties. However, in the last few decades, growing evidence indicates that NRF2 acts as a tumor driver, inducing metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Constitutive activation of NRF2 has been found to be frequent in several tumors, including some lung cancer sub-types and it has been associated to the maintenance of a malignant cell phenotype. This apparently contradictory effect of the NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in cancer (cell protection against cancer versus pro-tumoral properties) has generated a great controversy about its functions in this disease. In this review, we will describe the molecular mechanism regulating this signaling pathway in physiological conditions and summarize the most important findings related to the role of NRF2/KEAP1 in lung cancer. The focus will be placed on NRF2 activation mechanisms, the implication of those in lung cancer progression and current therapeutic strategies directed at blocking NRF2 action.
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36
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Liu J, Ji C, Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhu H. Identification of methylation-driven genes prognosis signature and immune microenvironment in uterus corpus endometrial cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:365. [PMID: 34246261 PMCID: PMC8272318 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uterus corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC) is the main malignant tumor in gynecology, with a high degree of heterogeneity, especially in terms of prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications. Studying DNA methylation can help predict the prognosis of cancer patients and provide help for clinical treatment. Our research aims to discover whether abnormal DNA methylation can predict the prognosis of UCEC and reflect the patient's tumor immune microenvironment. Patients and methods The clinical data, DNA methylation data, gene expression data and somatic mutation data of UCEC patients were all downloaded from the TCGA database. The MethylMix algorithm was used to integrate DNA methylation data and mRNA expression data. Univariate Cox regression analysis, Multivariate Cox regression analysis, and Lasso Cox regression analysis were used to determine prognostic DNA methylation-driven genes and to construct an independent prognostic index (MDS). ROC curve analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive ability of MDS. GSEA analysis was used to explore possible mechanisms that contribute to the heterogeneity of the prognosis of UCEC patients. Results 3 differential methylation-driven genes (DMDGs) (PARVG, SYNE4 and CDO1) were considered as predictors of poor prognosis in UCEC. An independent prognostic index was finally established based on 3 DMDGs. From the results of ROC curve analysis and survival curve analysis, MDS showed excellent prognostic ability in TCGA-UCEC. A new nomogram based on MDS and other prognostic clinical indicators has also been successfully established. The C-index of the nomogram for OS prediction was 0.764 (95% CI = 0.702–0.826). GSEA analysis suggests that there were differences in immune-related pathways among patients with different prognosis. The abundance of M2 macrophages and M0 macrophages were significantly enhanced in the high-risk group while T cells CD8, Eosinophils and Neutrophils were markedly elevated in the low-risk group. Meanwhile, patients in the low-risk group had higher levels of immunosuppressant expression, higher tumor mutational burden and immunophenoscore (IPS) scores. Joint survival analysis revealed that 7 methylation-driven genes could be independent prognostic factors for overall survival for UCEC. Conclusion We have successfully established a risk model based on 3 DMDGs, which could accurately predict the prognosis of patients with UCEC and reflect the tumor immune microenvironment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02038-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinHui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - ChengJian Ji
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Women & Children Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - HongJun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Song MY, Lee DY, Chun KS, Kim EH. The Role of NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling Pathway in Cancer Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4376. [PMID: 33922165 PMCID: PMC8122702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2, also called Nfe2l2) and its cytoplasmic repressor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), are major regulators of redox homeostasis controlling a multiple of genes for detoxification and cytoprotective enzymes. The NRF2/KEAP1 pathway is a fundamental signaling cascade responsible for the resistance of metabolic, oxidative stress, inflammation, and anticancer effects. Interestingly, a recent accumulation of evidence has indicated that NRF2 exhibits an aberrant activation in cancer. Evidence has shown that the NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway is associated with the proliferation of cancer cells and tumerigenesis through metabolic reprogramming. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulatory molecular mechanism of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway against metabolic reprogramming in cancer, suggesting that the regulation of NRF2/KEAP1 axis might approach as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Young Song
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (M.-Y.S.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Da-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (M.-Y.S.); (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (M.-Y.S.); (D.-Y.L.)
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38
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Bonifácio VDB, Pereira SA, Serpa J, Vicente JB. Cysteine metabolic circuitries: druggable targets in cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:862-879. [PMID: 33223534 PMCID: PMC7921671 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To enable survival in adverse conditions, cancer cells undergo global metabolic adaptations. The amino acid cysteine actively contributes to cancer metabolic remodelling on three different levels: first, in its free form, in redox control, as a component of the antioxidant glutathione or its involvement in protein s-cysteinylation, a reversible post-translational modification; second, as a substrate for the production of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), which feeds the mitochondrial electron transfer chain and mediates per-sulphidation of ATPase and glycolytic enzymes, thereby stimulating cellular bioenergetics; and, finally, as a carbon source for epigenetic regulation, biomass production and energy production. This review will provide a systematic portrayal of the role of cysteine in cancer biology as a source of carbon and sulphur atoms, the pivotal role of cysteine in different metabolic pathways and the importance of H2S as an energetic substrate and signalling molecule. The different pools of cysteine in the cell and within the body, and their putative use as prognostic cancer markers will be also addressed. Finally, we will discuss the pharmacological means and potential of targeting cysteine metabolism for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco D B Bonifácio
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia A Pereira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João B Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da República (EAN), 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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Ward NP, Kang YP, Falzone A, Boyle TA, DeNicola GM. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase regulates mitochondrial metabolism in NSCLC through maintenance of Fe-S protein function. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151572. [PMID: 32196080 PMCID: PMC7971138 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human lung tumors exhibit robust and complex mitochondrial metabolism, likely precipitated by the highly oxygenated nature of pulmonary tissue. As ROS generation is a byproduct of this metabolism, reducing power in the form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is required to mitigate oxidative stress in response to this heightened mitochondrial activity. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) is known to sustain mitochondrial antioxidant capacity through the generation of NADPH; however, its function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been established. We found that NNT expression significantly enhances tumor formation and aggressiveness in mouse models of lung tumor initiation and progression. We further show that NNT loss elicits mitochondrial dysfunction independent of substantial increases in oxidative stress, but rather marked by the diminished activities of proteins dependent on resident iron-sulfur clusters. These defects were associated with both NADPH availability and ROS accumulation, suggesting that NNT serves a specific role in mitigating the oxidation of these critical protein cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Ward
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Theresa A Boyle
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
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Comprehensive Review of Methodology to Detect Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Mammalian Species and Establish Its Relationship with Antioxidants and Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010128. [PMID: 33477494 PMCID: PMC7831054 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate tissue homeostasis, cellular signaling, differentiation, and survival. ROS and antioxidants exert both beneficial and harmful effects on cancer. ROS at different concentrations exhibit different functions. This creates necessity to understand the relation between ROS, antioxidants, and cancer, and methods for detection of ROS. This review highlights various sources and types of ROS, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; types of antioxidants, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; and abnormal ROS detoxification in cancer; and methods to measure ROS. We conclude that improving genetic screening methods and bringing higher clarity in determination of enzymatic pathways and scale-up in cancer models profiling, using omics technology, would support in-depth understanding of antioxidant pathways and ROS complexities. Although numerous methods for ROS detection are developing very rapidly, yet further modifications are required to minimize the limitations associated with currently available methods.
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41
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Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Bioinformatic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8859996. [PMID: 33511215 PMCID: PMC7822677 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8859996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which accounts for 60% of non-small-cell lung cancers, is poorly diagnosed and has a low average 5-year survival rate (approximately 20%). It remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Studies on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in LUAD-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks are limited. We aimed to identify novel prognostic biomarkers for LUAD using bioinformatic tools and data analysis. We systemically integrated differentially expressed genes and clinically significant modules using weighted correlation network analysis. We performed a functional analysis of the collected candidate genes and explored three LUAD-related genes (VWF, PECAM1, and COL1A1) associated with the overall survival rates of patients with LUAD. Based on Cox proportional hazards analysis of candidate mRNAs and lncRNAs together with differentially expressed microRNAs, we constructed ceRNA networks, obtained 12 lncRNAs in the ceRNA networks, and revealed seven novel lncRNAs AC021016.2, AC079630.1, AC116407.1, AC125807.2, AF131215.5, LINC01936, and RHOXF1-AS1. These lncRNAs were found to be associated with overall survival rates and are suitable for the prediction of prognosis by Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. In particular, three lncRNAs—AF131215.5, AC125807.2, and LINC01936—showed an independent prognostic value of overall survival for patients with LUAD. We evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of seven lncRNAs for patients with LUAD using principal component analysis and the Gene Set Variation Analysis index. lncRNAs and crucial genes could be effectively used for distinguishing LUAD tumors from normal tissues in the Gene Expression Omnibus profile. In particular, AC021016.2 showed a significant prognostic value in the validation dataset. Our findings reveal the significance of exploring lncRNAs in cancer-related ceRNAs using bioinformatic strategies.
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Kang YP, Mockabee-Macias A, Jiang C, Falzone A, Prieto-Farigua N, Stone E, Harris IS, DeNicola GM. Non-canonical Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Activity Protects against Ferroptosis. Cell Metab 2021; 33:174-189.e7. [PMID: 33357455 PMCID: PMC7839835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine is required for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis in both normal and transformed cells. Deprivation of cysteine induces the iron-dependent form of cell death known as ferroptosis; however, the metabolic consequences of cysteine starvation beyond impairment of glutathione synthesis are poorly characterized. Here, we find that cystine starvation of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines induces an unexpected accumulation of γ-glutamyl-peptides, which are produced due to a non-canonical activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). This activity is enriched in cell lines with high levels of NRF2, a key transcriptional regulator of GCLC, but is also inducible in healthy murine tissues following cysteine limitation. γ-glutamyl-peptide synthesis limits the accumulation of glutamate, thereby protecting against ferroptosis. These results indicate that GCLC has a glutathione-independent, non-canonical role in the protection against ferroptosis by maintaining glutamate homeostasis under cystine starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Everett Stone
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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43
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Kubota Y, Tanabe S, Azuma M, Horio K, Fujiyama Y, Soeno T, Furue Y, Wada T, Watanabe A, Ishido K, Katada C, Yamashita K, Koizumi W, Kusano C. Predictive Significance of Promoter DNA Methylation of Cysteine Dioxygenase Type 1 (CDO1) in Metachronous Gastric Cancer. J Gastric Cancer 2021; 21:379-391. [PMID: 35079440 PMCID: PMC8753284 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2021.21.e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Promoter DNA methylation of various genes has been associated with metachronous gastric cancer (MGC). The cancer-specific methylation gene, cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1), has been implicated in the occurrence of residual gastric cancer. We evaluated whether DNA methylation of CDO1 could be a predictive biomarker of MGC using specimens of MGC developing on scars after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Materials and Methods CDO1 methylation values (TaqMeth values) were compared between 33 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) with no confirmed metachronous lesions at >3 years after ESD (non-MGC: nMGC group) and 11 patients with MGC developing on scars after ESD (MGCSE groups: EGC at the first ESD [MGCSE-1 group], EGC at the second ESD for treating MGC developing on scars after ESD [MGCSE-2 group]). Each EGC specimen was measured at five locations (at tumor [T] and the 4-point tumor-adjacent noncancerous mucosa [TAM]). Results In the nMGC group, the TaqMeth values for T were significantly higher than that for TAM (P=0.0006). In the MGCSE groups, TAM (MGCSE-1) exhibited significantly higher TaqMeth values than TAM (nMGC) (P<0.0001) and TAM (MGCSE-2) (P=0.0041), suggesting that TAM (MGCSE-1) exhibited CDO1 hypermethylation similar to T (P=0.3638). The area under the curve for discriminating the highest TaqMeth value of TAM (MGCSE-1) from that of TAM (nMGC) was 0.81, and using the cut-off value of 43.4, CDO1 hypermethylation effectively enriched the MGCSE groups (P<0.0001). Conclusions CDO1 hypermethylation has been implicated in the occurrence of MGC, suggesting its potential as a promising MGC predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanabe
- Division of Therapeutic Endoscopy, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mizutomo Azuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazue Horio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Fujiyama
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Furue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Wada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akinori Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishido
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Chikatoshi Katada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Chika Kusano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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44
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Zhao Z, Zou X, Lu T, Deng M, Li Y, Guo Y, Sun B, Liu G, Liu D. Identification of mRNAs and lncRNAs Involved in the Regulation of Follicle Development in Goat. Front Genet 2020; 11:589076. [PMID: 33391342 PMCID: PMC7773919 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.589076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular development and maturation has a significant impact on goat reproductive performance, and it is therefore important to understand the molecular basis of this process. The importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mammalian reproduction has been established, but little is known about the roles of lncRNAs in different follicular stages, especially in goats. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of large follicles (>10 mm) and small follicles (<3 mm) of Chuanzhong black goats was performed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs and mRNAs in follicular development and maturation. A total of 8 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and 1,799 DEmRNAs were identified, and the majority of these were upregulated in small follicles. MRO, TC2N, CDO1, and NTRK1 were potentially associated with follicular maturation. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEmRNAs involved in ovarian steroidogenesis (BMP6, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, 3BHSD, STAR, LHCGR, and CYP51A1) and cAMP signaling play roles in regulating follicular maturation and developmental inhibition respectively. Five target pairs of DElncRNA-DEmRNA, namely, ENSCHIT00000001255-OTX2, ENSCHIT00000006005-PEG3, ENSCHIT00000009455-PIWIL3, ENSCHIT00000007977-POMP, and ENSCHIT00000000834-ACTR3 in co-expression analysis provide a clue in follicular development and maturation of lncRNA-mRNA interaction. Our findings provide a valuable resource for lncRNA studies, and could potentially provide a deeper understanding of the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms of goat follicular development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Significance: In humans, imbalances in the reduction-oxidation (redox) status of cells are associated with many pathological states. In addition, many therapeutics and prophylactics used as interventions for diverse pathologies either directly modulate oxidant levels or otherwise influence endogenous cellular redox systems. Recent Advances: The cellular machineries that maintain redox homeostasis or that function within antioxidant defense systems rely heavily on the regulated reactivities of sulfur atoms either within or derived from the amino acids cysteine and methionine. Recent advances have substantially advanced our understanding of the complex and essential chemistry of biological sulfur-containing molecules. Critical Issues: The redox machineries that maintain cellular homeostasis under diverse stresses can consume large amounts of energy to generate reducing power and/or large amounts of sulfur-containing nutrients to replenish or sustain intracellular stores. By understanding the metabolic pathways underlying these responses, one can better predict how to protect cells from specific stresses. Future Directions: Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the impacts of different stresses on cellular metabolism of sulfur-containing molecules. This analysis suggests that there remains more to be learned about how cells use sulfur chemistry to respond to stresses, which could in turn lead to advances in therapeutic interventions for some exposures or conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin G Miller
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Edward E Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
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46
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Smolková K, Mikó E, Kovács T, Leguina-Ruzzi A, Sipos A, Bai P. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Regulating Cancer Metabolism. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:966-997. [PMID: 31989830 PMCID: PMC7533893 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (NFE2L2, or NRF2) is a transcription factor predominantly affecting the expression of antioxidant genes. NRF2 plays a significant role in the control of redox balance, which is crucial in cancer cells. NRF2 activation regulates numerous cancer hallmarks, including metabolism, cancer stem cell characteristics, tumor aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis formation. We review the molecular characteristics of the NRF2 pathway and discuss its interactions with the cancer hallmarks previously listed. Recent Advances: The noncanonical activation of NRF2 was recently discovered, and members of this pathway are involved in carcinogenesis. Further, cancer-related changes (e.g., metabolic flexibility) that support cancer progression were found to be redox- and NRF2 dependent. Critical Issues: NRF2 undergoes Janus-faced behavior in cancers. The pro- or antineoplastic effects of NRF2 are context dependent and essentially based on the specific molecular characteristics of the cancer in question. Therefore, systematic investigation of NRF2 signaling is necessary to clarify its role in cancer etiology. The biggest challenge in the NRF2 field is to determine which cancers can be targeted for better clinical outcomes. Further, large-scale genomic and transcriptomic studies are missing to correlate the clinical outcome with the activity of the NRF2 system. Future Directions: To exploit NRF2 in a clinical setting in the future, the druggable members of the NRF2 pathway should be identified. In addition, it will be important to study how the modulation of the NRF2 system interferes with cytostatic drugs and their combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Smolková
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alberto Leguina-Ruzzi
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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47
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Kong H, Reczek CR, McElroy GS, Steinert EM, Wang T, Sabatini DM, Chandel NS. Metabolic determinants of cellular fitness dependent on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/45/eabb7272. [PMID: 33148642 PMCID: PMC7673681 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb7272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS) are required for the survival, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells. The mechanism by which mitochondrial metabolism regulates mROS levels to support cancer cells is not fully understood. To address this, we conducted a metabolism-focused CRISPR-Cas9 genetic screen and uncovered that loss of genes encoding subunits of mitochondrial complex I was deleterious in the presence of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-vitamin E (MVE). Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of mitochondrial complex I in combination with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, MVE or MitoTEMPO, induced a robust integrated stress response (ISR) and markedly diminished cell survival and proliferation in vitro. This was not observed following inhibition of mitochondrial complex III. Administration of MitoTEMPO in combination with the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor phenformin decreased the leukemic burden in a mouse model of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Thus, mitochondrial complex I is a dominant metabolic determinant of mROS-dependent cellular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Kong
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Colleen R Reczek
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gregory S McElroy
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Steinert
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tim Wang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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48
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He F, Antonucci L, Karin M. NRF2 as a regulator of cell metabolism and inflammation in cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:405-416. [PMID: 32347301 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcriptional regulator of genes whose products defend our cells for toxic and oxidative insults. Although NRF2 activation may reduce cancer risk by suppressing oxidative stress and tumor-promoting inflammation, many cancers exhibit elevated NRF2 activity either due to mutations that disrupt the negative control of NRF2 activity or other factors. Importantly, NRF2 activation is associated with poor prognosis and NRF2 has turned out to be a key activator of cancer-supportive anabolic metabolism. In this review, we summarize the diverse roles played by NRF2 in cancer focusing on metabolic reprogramming and tumor-promoting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Antonucci
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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49
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DeBlasi JM, DeNicola GM. Dissecting the Crosstalk between NRF2 Signaling and Metabolic Processes in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3023. [PMID: 33080927 PMCID: PMC7603127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 or NFE2L2) plays a critical role in response to cellular stress. Following an oxidative insult, NRF2 orchestrates an antioxidant program, leading to increased glutathione levels and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mounting evidence now implicates the ability of NRF2 to modulate metabolic processes, particularly those at the interface between antioxidant processes and cellular proliferation. Notably, NRF2 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway, NADPH production, glutaminolysis, lipid and amino acid metabolism, many of which are hijacked by cancer cells to promote proliferation and survival. Moreover, deregulation of metabolic processes in both normal and cancer-based physiology can stabilize NRF2. We will discuss how perturbation of metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, and autophagy can lead to NRF2 stabilization, and how NRF2-regulated metabolism helps cells deal with these metabolic stresses. Finally, we will discuss how the negative regulator of NRF2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), may play a role in metabolism through NRF2 transcription-independent mechanisms. Collectively, this review will address the interplay between the NRF2/KEAP1 complex and metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M. DeBlasi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
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Stipanuk MH. Metabolism of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids: How the Body Copes with Excess Methionine, Cysteine, and Sulfide. J Nutr 2020; 150:2494S-2505S. [PMID: 33000151 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism of excess methionine (Met) to homocysteine (Hcy) by transmethylation is facilitated by the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) I/III and glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) in liver, and a lack of either enzyme results in hypermethioninemia despite normal concentrations of MATII and methyltransferases other than GNMT. The further metabolism of Hcy by the transsulfuration pathway is facilitated by activation of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as well as the relatively high KM of CBS for Hcy. Transmethylation plus transsulfuration effects catabolism of the Met molecule along with transfer of the sulfur atom of Met to serine to synthesize cysteine (Cys). Oxidation and excretion of Met sulfur depend upon Cys catabolism and sulfur oxidation pathways. Excess Cys is oxidized by cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) and further metabolized to taurine or sulfate. Some Cys is normally metabolized by desulfhydration pathways, and the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) produced is further oxidized to sulfate. If Cys or Hcy concentrations are elevated, Cys or Hcy desulfhydration can result in excess H2S and thiosulfate production. Excess Cys or Met may also promote their limited metabolism by transamination pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha H Stipanuk
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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