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VanderZwaag J, Tremblay MÈ. A Neuronal Activity-Boosting Microglial Function in Post-Anesthetic Emergence: How Microglial-Neuronal Crosstalk May Alter States of Consciousness. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01256-5. [PMID: 39190096 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jared VanderZwaag
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Institute for Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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2
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Luo M, Wang Y. Neural Network Mechanisms Underlying General Anesthesia: Cortical and Subcortical Nuclei. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01286-z. [PMID: 39168960 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia plays a significant role in modern medicine. However, the precise mechanism of general anesthesia remains unclear, posing a key scientific challenge in anesthesiology. Advances in neuroscience techniques have enabled targeted manipulation of specific neural circuits and the capture of brain-wide neural activity at high resolution. These advances hold promise for elucidating the intricate mechanisms of action of general anesthetics. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the role of cortical and subcortical nuclei in modulating general anesthesia, providing new evidence of cortico-cortical and thalamocortical networks in relation to anesthesia and consciousness. These insights contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the neural network mechanisms underlying general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lingjing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Mengqiang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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3
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Wang X, Yi R, Liang X, Zhang N, Zhong F, Lu Y, Chen W, Yu T, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhou L. Myelin modulates the process of isoflurane anesthesia through the regulation of neural activity. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14922. [PMID: 39138640 PMCID: PMC11322027 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The mechanism underlying the reversible unconsciousness induced by general anesthetics (GA) remains unclear. Recent studies revealed the critical roles of myelin and oligodendrocytes (OLs) in higher functions of the brain. However, it is unknown whether myelin actively participates in the regulation of GA. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles and possible mechanisms of myelin in the regulation of consciousness alterations induced by isoflurane anesthesia. METHODS First, demyelination models for the entire brain and specific neural nuclei were established to investigate the potential role of myelination in the regulation of GA, as well as its possible regional specificity. c-Fos staining was then performed on the demyelinated nuclei to verify the impact of myelin loss on neuronal activity. Finally, the activity of neurons during isoflurane anesthesia in demyelinated mice was recorded by optical fiber photometric calcium signal. The related behavioral indicators and EEG were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS A prolonged emergence time was observed from isoflurane anesthesia in demyelinated mice, which suggested the involvement of myelin in regulating GA. The demyelination in distinct nuclei by LPC further clarified the region-specific roles of isoflurane anesthesia regulation by myelin. The effect of demyelination on isoflurane anesthesia in the certain nucleus was consistent with that in neurons towards isoflurane anesthesia. Finally, we found that the mechanism of myelin in the modulation of isoflurane anesthesia is possibly through the regulation of neuronal activity. CONCLUSIONS In brief, myelin in the distinct neural nucleus plays an essential role in regulating the process of isoflurane anesthesia. The possible mechanism of myelin in the regulation of isoflurane anesthesia is neuronal activity modification by myelin integrity during GA. Our findings enhanced the comprehension of myelin function, and offered a fresh perspective for investigating the neural mechanisms of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Rulan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Fuwang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Yali Lu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Tian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Linyong Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Haiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Liang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection (Zunyi Medical University), Ministry of EducationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
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Hu H, Pang Y, Luo H, Tong B, Wang F, Song Y, Ying Q, Xu K, Xiong C, Peng Z, Xu H, Zhang X. Noninvasive Light Flicker Stimulation Promotes Optic Nerve Regeneration by Activating Microglia and Enhancing Neural Plasticity in Zebrafish. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:3. [PMID: 38691090 PMCID: PMC11077911 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Forty-hertz light flicker stimulation has been proven to reduce neurodegeneration, but its effect on optic nerve regeneration is unclear. This study explores the effect of 40-Hz light flicker in promoting optic nerve regeneration in zebrafish and investigates the underlying mechanisms. Methods Wild-type and mpeg1:EGFP zebrafish were used to establish a model of optic nerve crush. Biocytin tracing and hematoxylin and eosin staining were employed to observe whether 40-Hz light flicker promotes regeneration of retinal ganglion cell axons and dendrites. Optomotor and optokinetic responses were evaluated to assess recovery of visual function. Immunofluorescence staining of mpeg1:EGFP zebrafish was performed to observe changes in microglia. Differentially expressed genes that promote optic nerve regeneration following 40-Hz light flicker stimulation were identified and validated through RNA-sequencing analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results Zebrafish exhibited spontaneous optic nerve regeneration after optic nerve injury and restored visual function. We observed that 40-Hz light flicker significantly activated microglia following optic nerve injury and promoted regeneration of retinal ganglion cell axons and dendrites, as well as recovery of visual function. Transcriptomics and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that 40-Hz light flicker increased the expression of genes associated with neuronal plasticity, including bdnf, npas4a, fosab, fosb, egr4, and ier2a. Conclusions To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that 40-Hz light flicker stimulation promotes regeneration of retinal ganglion cell axons and dendrites and recovery of visual function in zebrafish, which is associated with microglial activation and enhancement of neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Hu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulian Pang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongdou Luo
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuning Song
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Ying
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Chan Xiong
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhida Peng
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
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Peng B, Rao Y, Wang Y, Duan S, Qi H, Yang J, Zhang H. Immunology reshapes neuroscience, and neuroscience reshapes immunology. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:199-200. [PMID: 38933513 PMCID: PMC11197736 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, MOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yanxia Rao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hai Qi
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Yang
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
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