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Rojo-Ospina RA, Quimbayo-Forero M, Calle-Tobón A, Bedoya-Patiño SC, Gómez M, Ramírez A, Sánchez J, Silva-Alzate JF, Montes-Zuluaga CJ, Cadavid JM, Henao-Correa EA. Integrated vector management program in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic in Medellin, Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:131-144. [PMID: 37167464 PMCID: PMC10495193 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic pressured health care systems to remain alert and active in their vector-borne disease control and prevention programs, leading to changes in vector control strategies in urban areas affected by dengue, Zika and chikungunya. Objective: To describe the adaptations made to the vector control and surveillance program in Medellín during the COVID-19 health emergency. Materials and methods: Once the health emergency started, biosecurity protocols were developed. Entomological surveillance was strengthened from the institutional environment instead of homes. Data was collected in Medellín from 2018 to 2021 during the vector control and surveillance program activities, which included epidemiological and entomovirological surveillance, entomological index survey, ovitrap monitoring, community mobilization, search and elimination of mosquito breading sites, and chemical control. These actions were adapted and/or increased to promote self-care among communities in total and partial confinement, and to develop prevention and control measures. Results: Mosquito monitoring was increased by 40% using ovitraps, entomological virological surveillance showed an increase in 2020 of 34,4% compared to 2019 and virtual media was used to keep and improve contact with the community. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on arbovirus prevention and control programs. The city of Medellín quickly adapted its entomo-virological surveillance activities, control measures, and the contact with the community during the pandemic, which allow the Integrated Vector Management program to remain active in the city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl A Rojo-Ospina
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Marcela Quimbayo-Forero
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Entomología Médica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Arley Calle-Tobón
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Entomología Médica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Sindy C Bedoya-Patiño
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Maribel Gómez
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Astrid Ramírez
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Johnny Sánchez
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Juan F Silva-Alzate
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Carlos J Montes-Zuluaga
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Jorge M Cadavid
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Entomología Médica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Enrique A Henao-Correa
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.Programa de Control de Vectores, Secretaría de Salud, Alcaldía de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
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Mora-Moreo L, Estrada-Orozco K, Espinosa O, Melgarejo LM. Characterization of the population affiliated to the subsidized health insurance scheme in Colombia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:28. [PMID: 36747197 PMCID: PMC9903445 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-022-01818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some reports suggest there are differences in health needs between the population affiliated to the subsidized health insurance scheme (SS) and those affiliated to the contributory health insurance scheme (CS) in Colombia. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological profile of the population affiliated to the SS in Colombia and to compare the main epidemiological features of the SS to the CS. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology, the search was carried out from 1993, with no other restriction. The information was synthesized into five categories according to the most important risk populations. We estimated combined incidences from epidemiological surveillance data, prevalence ratio, and other measures to estimate the difference between the studied groups. A 95% confidence interval was considered. A random effects model was used weighted by the inverse of the variance of the cumulative incidence calculated for each disease. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools. RESULTS A total of 16,236 articles were identified; 14,972 were excluded after title and abstract screening, 725 articles were verified as full text, and finally 268 articles were included. The relative risk of non-communicable and communicable diseases was lower in the SS than in the CS (RR: 0.37 and 0.72, respectively, p-value < 0.05). However, the risk of presenting obstetric and maternal conditions in the SS versus the CS was RR 1.55 for frequent conditions during early childhood, and for other diseases it was RR 1.28 with a p-value of < 0.05. The use of health services was different by scheme, with less demand, access, and provision being found in health services in the SS. CONCLUSIONS This study allowed us to conclude that there are differences in the incidence, prevalence, and use of health services between health affiliation schemes (SS and CS) in Colombia, thereby assisting in decision-making for stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO Registration number CRD42021279234.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mora-Moreo
- Epidemiology, Evidence Synthesis and Technology Management, Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud (IETS), Bogotá, Colombia ,grid.8991.90000 0004 0425 469XDepartment of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Kelly Estrada-Orozco
- Directorate of Evidence Synthesis and Management of Health Technologies, Institutode Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud (IETS), Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. .,Health Technologies and Policies Assessment Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia. .,Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Oscar Espinosa
- Directorate of Analytical, Economic and Actuarial Studies at Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud (IETS), Bogotá, D.C. Colombia ,grid.10689.360000 0001 0286 3748Economic Models and Quantitative Methods Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lorena Mesa Melgarejo
- Directorate of Qualitative Methods and Social Research, Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud (IETS), Bogotá, D.C. Colombia
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Elson WH, Ortega E, Kreutzberg-Martinez M, Jacquerioz F, Cabrera LN, Oberhelman RA, Paz-Soldan VA. Cross-sectional study of dengue-related knowledge, attitudes and practices in Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037408. [PMID: 33028551 PMCID: PMC7539572 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe and quantify the dengue-related knowledge, attitudes and practices of residents in an urban shantytown in Lima, Peru. DESIGN/SETTING A cross-sectional survey of adults between 18 and 80 years living in approximately 120 blocks in Oasis, an urban shantytown situated in the low-to-middle income district of Villa El Salvador in Southern Lima. The survey was adapted from an existing survey previously used in Iquitos, Peru, and included questions relating to knowledge of dengue symptoms, transmission, prevention and current mosquito control practices. PARTICIPANTS A total of 240 surveys were completed with 80% of respondents being female and approximately 50% of all respondents describing themselves as housewives. RESULTS Although 97.9% of respondents had heard of dengue, only 6.2% of people knew someone who had experienced the disease. Approximately half (54.2%) of the respondents knew dengue was transmitted by mosquitoes and 51.7% were able to identify fever and one other correct symptom of dengue. Female sex was significantly associated with greater symptom knowledge (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.72) and prevention knowledge (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.21). Past or current higher education attendance was significantly associated with symptom knowledge (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.25 to 5.44) and transmission knowledge (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.69 to 7.57). Knowledge of dengue was not significantly associated with carrying out practices to control mosquitoes (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.87 to 3.54). CONCLUSIONS This population demonstrated baseline dengue knowledge. However, this was incomplete and substantially less when compared with endemic areas. Given the sporadic nature of dengue transmission in Lima, it is not surprising that knowledge of the disease was not associated with carrying out practices to reduce mosquitoes. However, as dengue transmission in Lima is likely to increase, understanding how best to improve public knowledge of the disease and how to translate this into appropriate community action will be a key public health consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Elson
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emma Ortega
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Frederique Jacquerioz
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Richard A Oberhelman
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Valerie A Paz-Soldan
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Asociacion Benefica PRISMA Lima, San Miguel, Peru
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