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Han J, Stine JM, Chapin AA, Ghodssi R. A portable electrochemical sensing platform for serotonin detection based on surface-modified carbon fiber microelectrodes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:1096-1104. [PMID: 36723293 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01627c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is one of the key neurotransmitters in the human body, regulating numerous physiological functions. A disruption in 5-HT homeostasis could result in serious health problems, including neurodegenerative disorders, depression, and 5-HT syndrome. Detection of 5-HT concentrations in biological fluids, such as urine, is a potential solution for early diagnosis of these diseases. In this study, we developed a novel, simple, and low-cost electrochemical sensing platform consisting of a portable workstation with customized electrodes for 5-HT detection in artificial biological fluids. Nafion/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and electrochemically modified carbon fiber microelectrodes (Nafion-CNT/EC CFMEs) displayed improved 5-HT sensitivity and selectivity. Together with a customized Ag/AgCl reference electrode and Pt counter electrode, the portable 5-HT sensing platform had a sensitivity of 0.074 μA μM-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 140 nM. This system was also assessed to measure 5-HT spiked in artificial urine samples, showing nearly full recovery rates. These satisfactory results demonstrated that the portable system exhibits outstanding performance and confirmed the feasibility of 5-HT detection, which can be used to provide point-of-care analysis in actual biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA,.
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Justin M Stine
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA,.
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ashley A Chapin
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA,.
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Linking nervous and immune systems in psychiatric illness: A meta-analysis of the kynurenine pathway. Brain Res 2023; 1800:148190. [PMID: 36463958 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid absorbed by the gut depending on a homoeostatic microbiome. Up to 95% of unbound tryptophan is converted into tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) through the kynurenine system. Recent studies identified conflicting associations between altered levels of TRYCATs and genetic polymorphisms in major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and bipolar disorder (BD). This meta-analysis aimed to understand how tryptophan catabolic pathways are altered in MDD, SCZ, and BD. When compared to healthy controls, participants with MDD had moderately lower levels of tryptophan associated with a moderate increase of kynurenine/tryptophan ratios and no differences in kynurenine. While significant differences were found in SCZ for any of the TRYCATs, studies on kynurenic acid found opposing directions of effect sizes depending on the sample source. Unique changes in levels of TRYCATs were also observed in BD. Dynamic changes in levels of cytokines and other immune/inflammatory elements modulate the transcription and activity of kynurenine system enzymes, which lastly seems to be impacting glutamatergic neurotransmission via N-methyl-D-aspartate and α-7 nicotine receptors.
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Myeloperoxidase as a Potential Biomarker of Acute-Myocardial-Infarction-Induced Depression and Suppression of the Innate Immune System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112083. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While myeloperoxidase (MPO) serves as an indicator of both neutrophil and innate-immune-system function, the potential suppression of the innate immune system in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-induced depression might be evidenced by a decrease in MPO serum levels. The aim of this prospective study was to (1) determine whether serum concentrations of MPO vary immediately and 6 months after AMI and (2) to investigate whether MPO concentrations at the time of the AMI are significant predictors of AMI-induced depression and the depression-associated suppression of the innate immune system. A total of 109 AMI patients were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) immediately after admission to the hospital and 6 months later. The MPO status was assessed with serum samples, which were also collected immediately and 6 months after AMI. The depressive patients showed significantly lower MPO blood levels immediately and 6 months after the AMI compared to the patients without depression (ANCOVA: MPO (depression) F = 4.764, df = 1, p = 0.031). The baseline MPO was observed as a significant predictor (p = 0.027) of AMI-induced depression 6 months after AMI. MPO is a potential biomarker for AMI-induced depression, indicating a depression-associated suppression of the innate immune system.
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Zhao D, Zhang J, Zhu Y, He C, Fei W, Yue N, Wang C, Wang L. Study of Antidepressant-Like Effects of Albiflorin and Paeoniflorin Through Metabolomics From the Perspective of Cancer-Related Depression. Front Neurol 2022; 13:828612. [PMID: 35873784 PMCID: PMC9304767 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.828612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health has become a new challenge in cancer treatment, with a high prevalence of depression in patients with cancer. Albiflorin (AF) and paeoniflorinn (PF) are isomers extracted from the root of Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao in Chinese), belonging to the monoterpene glycosides, and multiple studies have been conducted on their antidepression and anti-cancer effects. However, the effects of AF and PF on cancer-related depression are unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether the two isomers are able to exert antidepressant-like effects and understand the underlying mechanisms in a rat model, established by combining irradiation with chronic restraint stress and solitary confinement. Our results demonstrate a significant regulation of AF and PF in the pharmacodynamic index, including the peripheral blood, organ index, behavioral traits, and HPA axis, relative to control rats. In serum and cerebral cortex metabonomics analysis, AF and PF showed a significantly restorative trend in abnormal biomarkers and regulating ether lipid metabolism, alanine, aspartate, glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, carnitine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism pathway. Eight potential biomarkers were further screened by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The data indicate that AF and PF could effectively ameliorate a depression-like state in the model rats, and the mechanism may be associated with the regulation of the neuroendocrine immune system and disrupted metabolic pathways. Further experiments are warranted to comprehensively evaluate the antidepressant effects of AF and PF in cancer-related depression. This study provides a better insight into the action mechanisms of antidepression of TCM, and provides a new perspective for the therapy of cancer-related depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Jianjun Zhang
| | - Yingli Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng He
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenting Fei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Characteristic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Linyuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Linyuan Wang
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Solís-Ortiz S, Arriaga-Avila V, Trejo-Bahena A, Guevara-Guzmán R. Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids l-Isoleucine, l-Leucine and l-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113875. [PMID: 34836128 PMCID: PMC8623361 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increases in depression are common in some elderly women. Elderly women often show moderate depressive symptoms, while others display minimal depressive symptoms. These discrepancies have produced contradictory and inconclusive outcomes, which have not been explained entirely by deficits in neurotransmitter precursors. Deficiency in some amino acids have been implicated in major depression, but its role in non-clinical elderly women is not well known. An analysis of essential amino acids, depression and the use of discriminant analysis can help to clarify the variation in depressive symptoms exhibited by some elderly women. The aim was to investigate the relationship of essential amino acids with affective, cognitive and comorbidity measures in elderly women without major depression nor severe mood disorders or psychosis, specifically thirty-six with moderate depressive symptoms and seventy-one with minimal depressive symptoms. The plasma concentrations of nineteen amino acids, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores, global cognitive scores and comorbidities were submitted to stepwise discriminant analysis to identify predictor variables. Seven predictors arose as important for belong to the group based on amino acid concentrations, with the moderate depressive symptoms group characterized by higher BDI, GDS and cognitive scores; fewer comorbidities; and lower levels of l-histidine, l-isoleucine and l-leucine. These findings suggest that elderly women classified as having moderate depressive symptoms displayed a deficiency in essential amino acids involved in metabolism, protein synthesis, inflammation and neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Solís-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +52-477-7145859
| | - Virginia Arriaga-Avila
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (V.A.-A.); (R.G.-G.)
| | - Aurora Trejo-Bahena
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato 37320, Mexico;
| | - Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (V.A.-A.); (R.G.-G.)
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Activation and deactivation steps in the tryptophan breakdown pathway in major depressive disorder: A link to the monocyte inflammatory state of patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110226. [PMID: 33346015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear how the tryptophan (TRP) breakdown pathway relates to the activated inflammatory state of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We determined in two different cohorts of patients with MDD (n = 281) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 206) collected for the EU-MOODINFLAME project: We then correlated outcomes to each other, and to the clinical characteristics of patients. Both cohorts of patients differed clinically; patients of the Munich cohort (n = 50) were less overweight, less medicated, were less in the current episode and showed a higher HAM-D 17 score as compared with patients of the Muenster cohort (n = 231). An increased expression of ICCGs was found in the circulating monocytes of patients of both cohorts; this was in particular evident in the Munich cohort. In contrast, ISGs monocyte expression levels tended to be reduced (both cohorts). TRP serum levels were linked to the pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state of patients; a decrease in TRP serum levels was found in the Munich cohort; TRP levels correlated negatively to patient's HAM-D 17 score. Contrary to what expected, KYN serum levels were not increased in patients (both cohorts); and an increased KYN/TRP ratio was only found in the Munich patients (who showed the lowest TRP serum levels). IDO-1 monocyte expression levels were decreased in patients (both cohorts) and negatively associated to their pro-inflammatory (ICCGs) monocyte state. Thus, a depletion of TRP via an ICCGs-inflammatory IDO activation is not likely in MDD. Downstream from KYN, and regarding compounds influencing glutamate receptors (GR), reduced serum levels of KYNA (NMDA-R antagonist), 3-HK (NMDA-R agonist), and XA (mGlu2/3 agonist) were found in patients of both cohorts; PIC serum levels (NMDA-R antagonist) were increased in patients of both cohorts. Reduced QUIN serum levels (NMDA-R agonist) were found in patients of the Muenster cohort,only. 3-HK levels correlated to the monocyte inflammatory ICCG state of patients. The ultimate effect on brain glutamate receptor triggering of this altered equilibrium between peripheral agonists and antagonists remains to be elucidated.
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Virgiliou C, Theodoridis G, Wilson ID, Gika HG. Quantification of endogenous aminoacids and aminoacid derivatives in urine by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1642:462005. [PMID: 33657487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacids and their derivatives are key biologically important metabolites and reliable, rapid and accurate, quantification for these analytes in urine remains an important analytical challenge. Here a fast and reliable HILIC-tandem MS method is presented for application in clinical or nutritional studies. The developed method was validated according to existing guidelines adapted for endogenous analytes. The validation strategy provided evidence of linearity, LOD and LOQ, accuracy, precision, matrix effect and recovery. The surrogate matrix approach was applied for calibration proving satisfactory accuracy and precision based on standard criteria over the working concentration ranges. Intra and inter day accuracy was found to range between 0.8 and 20% for the LQC (low QC) and between 0.05 and 15 % for MQC (medium QC) and HQC (high QC). Inter and intraday precision were found to be between 3 and 20 % for the LQC and between 1 and 15% for the MQC and HQC. The stability of the analytes, in both surrogate and pooled urine QC samples, was found to be within 15% over a short period at 4 °C or after a up to 3 freeze-thaw cycles. The uncertainty of the method was also assessed to provide increased confidence for the acquired measurements. The method was successfully applied to a subset of human urine samples involved in a study of amino acids dietary uptake. This method may provide a valuable tool for many applications or studies where amino acid metabolic signatures in the excreted urine are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Virgiliou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece; Biomic_Auth, Bioanalysis and Omics Lab, CIRI - AUTH, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thermi, 57001, Greece
| | - Georgios Theodoridis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece; Biomic_Auth, Bioanalysis and Omics Lab, CIRI - AUTH, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thermi, 57001, Greece
| | - Ian D Wilson
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensigton, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Helen G Gika
- Biomic_Auth, Bioanalysis and Omics Lab, CIRI - AUTH, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thermi, 57001, Greece; School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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Novel Insight into Neuroimmune Regulatory Mechanisms and Biomarkers Linking Major Depression and Vascular Diseases: The Dilemma Continues. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072317. [PMID: 32230840 PMCID: PMC7177743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a serious health problem estimated to affect 350 million people globally. Importantly, MDD has repeatedly emerged as an etiological or prognostic factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, including vascular pathology. Several linking pathomechanisms between MDD and CVD involve abnormal autonomic regulation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction as an early preclinical stage of atherosclerosis. However, the cause of accelerated atherosclerosis in MDD patients remains unclear. Recently, the causal relationships between MDD and mediator (e.g., inflammation and/or endothelial dysfunction), as well as the causal pathways from the mediator to atherosclerosis, were discussed. Specifically, MDD is accompanied by immune dysregulation, resulting in increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), which could lead to depression-linked abnormalities in brain function. Further, MDD has an adverse effect on endothelial function; for example, circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction (e.g., soluble adhesion molecules, von Willebrand factor) have been linked with depression. Additionally, MDD-linked autonomic dysregulation, which is characterized by disrupted sympathovagal balance associated with excessive circulating catecholamines, can contribute to CVD. Taken together, activated inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation could affect gradual atherosclerosis progression, resulting in a higher risk of developing CVD in MDD. This review focused on the pathomechanisms linking MDD and CVD with respect to neuroimmune regulation, and the description of promising biomarkers, which is important for the early diagnosis and personalized prevention of CVD in major depression.
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Jones CB, Davis CM, Sfanos KS. The Potential Effects of Radiation on the Gut-Brain Axis. Radiat Res 2020; 193:209-222. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15493.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine M. Davis
- Division of Behavioral Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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Sforzini L, Nettis MA, Mondelli V, Pariante CM. Inflammation in cancer and depression: a starring role for the kynurenine pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2997-3011. [PMID: 30806743 PMCID: PMC6820591 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common comorbidity in cancer cases, but this is not only due to the emotional distress of having a life-threatening disease. A common biological mechanism, involving a dysregulated immune system, seems to underpin this comorbidity. In particular, the activation of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation due to inflammation may play a key role in the development and persistence of both diseases. As a consequence, targeting enzymes involved in this pathway offers a unique opportunity to develop new strategies to treat cancer and depression at once. In this work, we provide a systematic review of the evidence up to date on the kynurenine pathway role in linking depression and cancer and on clinical implications of this evidence. In particular, complications due to chemotherapy are discussed, as well as the potential antidepressant efficacy of novel immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sforzini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Antonietta Nettis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health and Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine Maria Pariante
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
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Serotonin, hematopoiesis and stem cells. Pharmacol Res 2019; 140:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Bragazzi NL, Watad A, Gizunterman A, McGonagle D, Mahagna H, Comaneshter D, Amital H, Cohen AD, Amital D. The burden of depression in systemic sclerosis patients: a nationwide population-based study. J Affect Disord 2019; 243:427-431. [PMID: 30268959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) can clinically present with psychological symptoms, including pain, depression, and distress about disfigurement, physical and social functioning. The existing small studies have reported a prevalence of depression ranging from 36% to 65% among SSc patients, likely reflecting the disease impact on the patient's self-image and function. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the association between SSc and depression using big data analysis methods. METHODS We designed a nation-wide epidemiological survey relying on a large database of 2500 SSc patients and explored the relationship between SSc and depression, but also the impact of depression on the survival of SSc patients. Chi-squared and t-tests were used for univariate analysis and a logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The proportion rate of depression among SSc patients was significantly higher than controls (16.2% vs 10.9%), and this proportion was even higher in female SSc patients and of low socioeconomic status. At the multivariate logistic regression, SSc was found to be an independent risk factor for depression with an OR of 1.55 (95%CI 1.29-1.88, p < 0.0001). No significant association was found between SSc-specific autoantibodies (anti-centromere, anti-Scl-70, anti-RNA polymerase III and anti-RNP) status and the risk of depression. Depression was not found to have a significant impact on the survival of SSc patients with an HR of 1.06 (0.80-1.42). CONCLUSIONS This study provides further support for the high prevalence of depression in SSc patients and therefore, SSc patients may benefit from a screening approach and a broad supportive care program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Bragazzi
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, Genoa University, Genoa, Italy; Centro Studi di Terapia della Gestalt (CSTG), Milan, Italy
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Department of Medicine B and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Section of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Dennis McGonagle
- Section of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Hussein Mahagna
- Department of Medicine B and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine B and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Arnon D Cohen
- Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniela Amital
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Ness-Ziona, Mental Health Center, Beer-Yaakov, Israel
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Baranyi A, Meinitzer A, Rothenhäusler HB, Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai O, Lewinski DV, Breitenecker RJ, Herrmann M. Metabolomics approach in the investigation of depression biomarkers in pharmacologically induced immune-related depression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208238. [PMID: 30496323 PMCID: PMC6264814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to identify previously unrecognised biological pathways and biomarkers that might expand the inflammatory hypothesis of depression. Methods Broad metabolomics analyses in plasma samples from 31 chronic hepatitis C-infected patients with and without immune-related depression were carried out using the Absolute IDQ p180 kit—a targeted metabolomics approach of combined direct flow injection and liquid chromatography that measures acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sugars. Results The measurements showed that the average concentration of the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine was significantly lower in depressive HCV patients in comparison to non-depressive HCV patients [depression group: Median 51.35 (43.4–60.2 μmol/L) vs. Median 62.10 (38.4–81.7 μmol/L); U = -2.958; p = 0.002]. All other amino acids, acylcarnitines, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sugars, liver enzymes and thyroid levels showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine might play a role in the pathophysiology of immune-related major depression, which expands existing knowledge about inflammatory hypothesis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Baranyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (AB); (AM)
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (AB); (AM)
| | - Hans-Bernd Rothenhäusler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Dirk V. Lewinski
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Arnone D, Saraykar S, Salem H, Teixeira AL, Dantzer R, Selvaraj S. Role of Kynurenine pathway and its metabolites in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 92:477-485. [PMID: 29940237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the kynurenine pathway is one of the described mechanisms by which inflammation can induce depression. It involves multiple pathways including interference with the bioavailability of tryptophan central to the synthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin. In this systematic review, we examine the relationship between kynurenine metabolites (kynurenine, kynurenic acid, tryptophan, quinolinic acid, the ratio of kynurenine and tryptophan) and mood disorders by conducting a meta-analysis. Fifty-six studies were identified, 21 met inclusion criteria and 14 were deemed suitable (9 investigating unipolar depression and 5 bipolar disorder). We found decreased levels of kynurenine in unipolar major depression vs. healthy controls but studies were significantly heterogeneous in nature. No significant differences were found in tryptophan levels or kynurenine/tryptophan ratios. Kynurenine metabolites are likely to play a role in major depression but an exact etiological role in mood disorder seem complex and requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Arnone
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Smita Saraykar
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1941 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Haitham Salem
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1941 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Antonio L Teixeira
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1941 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Robert Dantzer
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Symptom Research, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit # 1450, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Sudhakar Selvaraj
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1941 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, United States; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Symptom Research, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit # 1450, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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