1
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Mo F, Lv B, Zhao D, Xi Z, Qian Y, Ge D, Yang N, Zhang D, Jiang G, Gao S. Small RNA Sequencing Analysis of STZ-Injured Pancreas Reveals Novel MicroRNA and Transfer RNA-Derived RNA with Biomarker Potential for Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10323. [PMID: 37373469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) play critical roles in the regulation of different biological processes, but their underlying mechanisms in diabetes mellitus (DM) are still largely unknown. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the functions of miRNAs and tsRNAs in the pathogenesis of DM. A high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozocin (STZ)-induced DM rat model was established. Pancreatic tissues were obtained for subsequent studies. The miRNA and tsRNA expression profiles in the DM and control groups were obtained by RNA sequencing and validated with quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Subsequently, bioinformatics methods were used to predict target genes and the biological functions of differentially expressed miRNAs and tsRNAs. We identified 17 miRNAs and 28 tsRNAs that were significantly differentiated between the DM and control group. Subsequently, target genes were predicted for these altered miRNAs and tsRNAs, including Nalcn, Lpin2 and E2f3. These target genes were significantly enriched in localization as well as intracellular and protein binding. In addition, the results of KEGG analysis showed that the target genes were significantly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway, insulin pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway. This study revealed the expression profiles of miRNAs and tsRNAs in the pancreas of a DM rat model using small RNA-Seq and predicted the target genes and associated pathways using bioinformatics analysis. Our findings provide a novel aspect in understanding the mechanisms of DM and identify potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Mo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bohan Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ziye Xi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yining Qian
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongyu Ge
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Szydełko J, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-From Pathogenesis to Potential Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010616. [PMID: 36614057 PMCID: PMC9820734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with still growing incidence among adults and young people worldwide. Patients with T2DM are more susceptible to developing coronary artery disease (CAD) than non-diabetic individuals. The currently used diagnostic methods do not ensure the detection of CAD at an early stage. Thus, extensive research on non-invasive, blood-based biomarkers is necessary to avoid life-threatening events. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that are stable in human body fluids and easily detectable. A number of reports have highlighted that the aberrant expression of miRNAs may impair the diversity of signaling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, which is a key player linking T2DM with CAD. The preclinical evidence suggests the atheroprotective and atherogenic influence of miRNAs on every step of T2DM-induced atherogenesis, including endothelial dysfunction, endothelial to mesenchymal transition, macrophage activation, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation/migration, platelet hyperactivity, and calcification. Among the 122 analyzed miRNAs, 14 top miRNAs appear to be the most consistently dysregulated in T2DM and CAD, whereas 10 miRNAs are altered in T2DM, CAD, and T2DM-CAD patients. This up-to-date overview aims to discuss the role of miRNAs in the development of diabetic CAD, emphasizing their potential clinical usefulness as novel, non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2DM individuals with a predisposition to undergo CAD.
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4
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Mounirou BAM, Adam ND, Yakoura AKH, Aminou MSM, Liu YT, Tan LY. Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview of Treatments. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2022; 26:111-118. [PMID: 35873941 PMCID: PMC9302419 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_480_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), substantially impacts the quality of life of diabetic patients, it remains, in developed countries, the leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults (20-65 years). Currently, about 90 million diabetics suffer from DR. DR is a silent complication that in its early stages is asymptomatic. However, over time, chronic hyperglycemia can lead to sensitive retinal damage, leading to fluid accumulation and retinal haemorrhage (HM), resulting in cloudy or blurred vision. It can, therefore, lead to severe visual impairment or even blindness if left untreated. It can be classified into nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). NPDR is featured with intraretinal microvasculature changes and can be further divided into mild, moderate, and severe stages that may associate with diabetic macular oedema (DME). PDR involves the formation and growth of new blood vessels (retinal neovascularisation) under low oxygen conditions. Early identification and treatment are key priorities for reducing the morbidity of diabetic eye disease. In the early stages of DR, a tight control of glycemia, blood pressure, plasma lipids, and regular monitoring can help prevent its progression to more advanced stages. In advanced stages, the main treatments of DR include intraocular injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies, laser treatments, and vitrectomy. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the published literature pertaining to the latest progress in the treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassirou A. M. Mounirou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Nouhou D. Adam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lamorde National Hospital, Niamey, Niger
| | | | - Mahamane S. M. Aminou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, General Reference Hospital of Niamey, Niger
| | - Yu T. Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lamorde National Hospital, Niamey, Niger
| | - Li Y. Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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5
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Shawki SM, Saad MA, Rahmo RM, Wadie W, El-Abhar HS. Liraglutide Improves Cognitive and Neuronal Function in 3-NP Rat Model of Huntington's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:731483. [PMID: 35002691 PMCID: PMC8727874 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor, psychiatric, and cognitive abnormalities. The antidiabetic drug liraglutide possesses a neuroprotective potential against several neurodegenerative disorders; however, its role in Huntington’s disease (HD) and the possible mechanisms/trajectories remain elusive, which is the aim of this work. Liraglutide (200 μg/kg, s.c) was administered to rats intoxicated with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) for 4 weeks post HD model induction. Liraglutide abated the 3-NP-induced neurobehavioral deficits (open field and elevated plus maze tests) and histopathological changes. Liraglutide downregulated the striatal mRNA expression of HSP 27, PBR, and GFAP, while it upregulated that of DARPP32. On the molecular level, liraglutide enhanced striatal miR-130a gene expression and TrKB protein expression and its ligand BDNF, while it reduced the striatal protein content and mRNA expression of the death receptors sortilin and p75NTR, respectively. It enhanced the neuroprotective molecules cAMP, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-CREB, besides modulating the p-GSK-3β/p-β-catenin axis. Liraglutide enhanced the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2, abrogated TBARS, upregulated both Bcl2 and Bcl-XL, and downregulated Bax along with decreasing caspase-3 activity. Therefore, liraglutide exerts a neurotherapeutic effect on 3-NP-treated rats that is, besides the upturn of behavioral and structural findings, it at least partially, increased miR-130a and modulated PI3K/Akt/CREB/BDNF/TrKB, sortilin, and p75NTR, and Akt/GSK-3β/p-β-catenin trajectories besides its capacity to decrease apoptosis and oxidative stress, as well as its neurotrophic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Shawki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Ma X, Liu Z, Ilyas I, Little PJ, Kamato D, Sahebka A, Chen Z, Luo S, Zheng X, Weng J, Xu S. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs): cardiovascular actions and therapeutic potential. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2050-2068. [PMID: 34131405 PMCID: PMC8193264 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. Some anti-diabetic medications are linked with an increased risk of weight gain or hypoglycemia which may reduce the efficacy of the intended anti-hyperglycemic effects of these therapies. The recently developed receptor agonists for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1RAs), stimulate insulin secretion and reduce glycated hemoglobin levels without having side effects such as weight gain and hypoglycemia. In addition, GLP1-RAs demonstrate numerous cardiovascular protective effects in subjects with or without diabetes. There have been several cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) involving GLP-1RAs, which have supported the overall cardiovascular benefits of these drugs. GLP1-RAs lower plasma lipid levels and lower blood pressure (BP), both of which contribute to a reduction of atherosclerosis and reduced CVD. GLP-1R is expressed in multiple cardiovascular cell types such as monocyte/macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. Recent studies have indicated that the protective properties against endothelial dysfunction, anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages and the anti-proliferative action on smooth muscle cells may contribute to atheroprotection through GLP-1R signaling. In the present review, we describe the cardiovascular effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of action of GLP-1RAs in CVOTs, animal models and cultured cells, and address how these findings have transformed our understanding of the pharmacotherapy of T2DM and the prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ma
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Zhenghong Liu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, the University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Danielle Kamato
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, the University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebka
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zhengfang Chen
- Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sihui Luo
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
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7
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Li H, Zhu H, Ge T, Wang Z, Zhang C. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus: Enhancement Strategies and Future Perspectives. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1552-1569. [PMID: 33675006 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, is characterized by the unbridled hyperglycemia resulted from the impaired ability of the body to either produce or respond to insulin. As a cell-based regenerative therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense potency for curing DM duo to their easy isolation, multi-differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory property. However, despite the promising efficacy in pre-clinical animal models, naive MSC administration fails to exhibit clinically satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, which varies greatly among individuals with DM. Recently, numbers of innovative strategies have been applied to improve MSC-based therapy. Preconditioning, genetic modification, combination therapy and exosome application are representative strategies to maximize the therapeutic benefits of MSCs. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent advancements in mechanistic studies of MSCs-based treatment for DM, and mainly focus on the novel approaches aiming to improve the anti-diabetic potentials of naive MSCs. Additionally, the potential directions of MSCs-based therapy for DM are also proposed at a glance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisen Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China.,Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.,Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Ting Ge
- Xinxiang First People's Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China. .,Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. .,Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China. .,Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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8
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MicroRNA-34a: the bad guy in age-related vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7355-7378. [PMID: 34698884 PMCID: PMC8629897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The age-related vasculature alteration is the prominent risk factor for vascular diseases (VD), namely, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, vascular calcification (VC) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The chronic sterile low-grade inflammation state, alias inflammaging, characterizes elderly people and participates in VD development. MicroRNA34-a (miR-34a) is emerging as an important mediator of inflammaging and VD. miR-34a increases with aging in vessels and induces senescence and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs) cells. Similarly, other VD risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, modify miR-34a expression to promote vascular senescence and inflammation. miR-34a upregulation causes endothelial dysfunction by affecting ECs nitric oxide bioavailability, adhesion molecules expression and inflammatory cells recruitment. miR-34a-induced senescence facilitates VSMCs osteoblastic switch and VC development in hyperphosphatemia conditions. Conversely, atherogenic and hypoxic stimuli downregulate miR-34a levels and promote VSMCs proliferation and migration during atherosclerosis and PAH. MiR34a genetic ablation or miR-34a inhibition by anti-miR-34a molecules in different experimental models of VD reduce vascular inflammation, senescence and apoptosis through sirtuin 1 Notch1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 modulation. Notably, pleiotropic drugs, like statins, liraglutide and metformin, affect miR-34a expression. Finally, human studies report that miR-34a levels associate to atherosclerosis and diabetes and correlate with inflammatory factors during aging. Herein, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about miR-34a-dependent molecular and cellular mechanisms activated by VD risk factors and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of modulating its expression in order to reduce inflammaging and VD burn and extend healthy lifespan.
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Giglio RV, Nikolic D, Volti GL, Stoian AP, Banerjee Y, Magan-Fernandez A, Castellino G, Patti AM, Chianetta R, Castracani CC, Montalto G, Rizvi AA, Sesti G, Rizzo M. Liraglutide Increases Serum Levels of MicroRNA-27b, -130a and -210 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Novel Epigenetic Effect. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10100391. [PMID: 33008044 PMCID: PMC7599907 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide has shown favourable effects on several cardiometabolic risk factors, beyond glucose control. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression, resulting in post-transcriptional modifications of cell response and function. Specific miRNAs, including miRNA-27b, miRNA-130a, and miRNA-210, play a role in cardiometabolic disease. We aimed to determine the effect of liraglutide on the serum levels of miRNA-27b, miRNA-130a and miRNA-210. Twenty-five subjects with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), naïve to incretin-based therapy, were treated with liraglutide (1.2 mg/day as an add-on to metformin) for 4 months. miRNAs were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After liraglutide treatment, we found significant reductions in fasting glucose (from 9.8 ± 5.3 to 6.7 ± 1.6 mmol/L, p = 0.0042), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (from 8.1 ± 0.8 to 6.6 ± 1.0%, p = 0.0008), total cholesterol (from 5.0 ± 1.0 to 4.0 ± 0.7 mmol/L, p = 0.0011), triglycerides (from 1.9 ± 1.0 to 1.5 ± 0.8 mmol/L, p = 0.0104) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (from 2.9 ± 1.2 to 2.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L, p = 0.0125), while the serum levels of miRNA-27b, miRNA-130a and miRNA-210a were significantly increased (median (interquartile range, IQR) changes: 1.73 (7.12) (p = 0.0401), 1.91 (3.64) (p = 0.0401) and 2.09 (11.0) (p = 0.0486), respectively). Since the changes in miRNAs were independent of changes in all the metabolic parameters investigated, liraglutide seems to exert a direct epigenetic effect in T2DM patients, regulating microRNAs involved in the maintenance of endothelial cell homeostasis. These changes might be implicated in liraglutide’s benefits and may represent useful targets for cardiometabolic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.L.V.); (C.C.C.)
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE;
| | - Antonio Magan-Fernandez
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Giuseppa Castellino
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Roberta Chianetta
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Carlo Castruccio Castracani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.L.V.); (C.C.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Ali A. Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29203, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(404)-778-2064
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00182 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.V.G.); (D.N.); (A.M.-F.); (G.C.); (A.M.P.); (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29203, USA
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Martins B, Amorim M, Reis F, Ambrósio AF, Fernandes R. Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNA: Putative Role in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E705. [PMID: 32759750 PMCID: PMC7463887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complex, progressive, and heterogenous retinal degenerative disease associated with diabetes duration. It is characterized by glial, neural, and microvascular dysfunction, being the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown a hallmark of the early stages. In advanced stages, there is formation of new blood vessels, which are fragile and prone to leaking. This disease, if left untreated, may result in severe vision loss and eventually legal blindness. Although there are some available treatment options for DR, most of them are targeted to the advanced stages of the disease, have some adverse effects, and many patients do not adequately respond to the treatment, which demands further research. Oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are closely associated processes that play a critical role in the development of DR. Retinal cells communicate with each other or with another one, using cell junctions, adhesion contacts, and secreted soluble factors that can act in neighboring or long-distance cells. Another mechanism of cell communication is via secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), through exchange of material. Here, we review the current knowledge on deregulation of cell-to-cell communication through EVs, discussing the changes in miRNA expression profiling in body fluids and their role in the development of DR. Thereafter, current and promising therapeutic agents for preventing the progression of DR will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Madania Amorim
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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Qi M, He L, Ma X, Li Z. MiR-181a-5p is involved in the cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation through regulating SIRT1. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1353-1361. [PMID: 32290769 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1750943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MiR-181a-5p's mechanism in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis has not been clarified. This study verified that SIRT1 was the target of miR-181a-5p. MiR-181a-5p expression was up-regulated or down-regulated in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes, and SIRT1 was transfected into cells alone or in combination with miR-181a-5p. Cell viability, apoptosis, levels of released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase 3 levels in treated cells were tested. On the one hand, down-regulated miR-181a-5p promoted cell viability, reduced released LDH and MDA, and increased SOD level in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, miR-181a-5p inhibited apoptosis and elevated Bcl-2 expression while decreasing the expressions of Bax and Caspase 3 in treated cells, but the effects of miR-181a-5p could be rescued by SIRT1. In conclusion, miR-181a-5p involved in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis through regulating SIRT1, which might become a novel direction for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxu Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China , Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Psychiatry, Hengyang Second People's Hospital , Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China , Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zili Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China , Hengyang, Hunan, China
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12
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Radbakhsh S, Sathyapalan T, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Incretins and microRNAs: Interactions and physiological relevance. Pharmacol Res 2020; 153:104662. [PMID: 31982487 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are one class of the small regulatory RNAs that can impact the expression of numerous genes including incretin hormones and their G protein-coupled receptors. Incretin peptides, including GLP-1, GLP-2, and GIP, are released from the gastrointestinal tract and have an crucial role in the glucose hemostasis and pancreatic beta-cell function. These hormones and their analogs with a longer half-life, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), modify the expression of miRNAs. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) is an enzyme that degrades the incretin hormones and is inactivated by DPP-4 inhibitors, which are a class of compounds used in the management of type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibitors may also increase or reduce the expression of miRNAs. In this review, we describe the possible interactions between miRNAs and incretin hormones and the relevance of such interactions to physiological processes and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Radbakhsh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Liu P, Zhu Y, Li Q, Cheng B. Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs Reveals That miR-181a-5p Plays a Key Role in Diabetic Dermal Fibroblasts. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:4581954. [PMID: 33102604 PMCID: PMC7568154 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4581954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A diabetic nonhealing wound causes heavy economic burden and compromised quality of life in patients. The human dermal fibroblast (HDF), which is an important kind of effector cell in the wound healing process, represents different biological behaviors in the normal and diabetic skins. Given this, we attempt to explore functional changes in diabetic skin-derived HDFs and try to find out the "hub" genes that modulate diabetic HDFs and may be the potential therapeutic targets of diabetic wound healing. We searched the GEO database for related miRNA (GSE68185, GSE84971) and mRNA (GSE49566, GSE78891) profiles. After eliminating batch effects and identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we applied enrichment analyses and found that 3 miRNAs and 30 mRNAs were differentially expressed in diabetic HDFs. Enrichment analyses showed that these genes are closely related to wound healing, for example, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and migration. Subsequently, we constructed the gene correlation network of DEGs to identify hub genes by merging the protein-protein interaction network, weighted gene coexpression network, and predicted miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Based on the gene correlation network, we identified the top 3 hub genes: miR-181a-5p, POSTN, and CDH11. Among these, POSTN is a predicted target of miR-181a-5p and is supposed to work together with CDH11 as a functional group. Finally, we verified the expression pattern of the hub genes by in vitro quantification experiments in glucose-cultured HDFs. Our study suggested that miR-181a-5p possibly plays a key role in modulation of HDF behaviors during the diabetic state. However, the effects and mechanisms of miR-181a-5p in high glucose-cultured HDFs remain to be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, 111 Guangzhou Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
- Huabo Post-Doctoral Research Center, Biological Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 111 Guangzhou Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, 111 Guangzhou Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, 111 Guangzhou Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, 111 Guangzhou Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
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