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Browning JL, Wilson KA, Shandra O, Wei X, Mahmutovic D, Maharathi B, Robel S, VandeVord PJ, Olsen ML. Applying Proteomics and Computational Approaches to Identify Novel Targets in Blast-Associated Post-Traumatic Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2880. [PMID: 38474127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Blast TBI (bTBI) found in Veterans presents with several complications, including cognitive and behavioral disturbances and PTE; however, the underlying mechanisms that drive the long-term sequelae are not well understood. Using an unbiased proteomics approach in a mouse model of repeated bTBI (rbTBI), this study addresses this gap in the knowledge. After rbTBI, mice were monitored using continuous, uninterrupted video-EEG for up to four months. Following this period, we collected cortex and hippocampus tissues from three groups of mice: those with post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE+), those without epilepsy (PTE-), and the control group (sham). Hundreds of differentially expressed proteins were identified in the cortex and hippocampus of PTE+ and PTE- relative to sham. Focusing on protein pathways unique to PTE+, pathways related to mitochondrial function, post-translational modifications, and transport were disrupted. Computational metabolic modeling using dysregulated protein expression predicted mitochondrial proton pump dysregulation, suggesting electron transport chain dysregulation in the epileptic tissue relative to PTE-. Finally, data mining enabled the identification of several novel and previously validated TBI and epilepsy biomarkers in our data set, many of which were found to already be targeted by drugs in various phases of clinical testing. These findings highlight novel proteins and protein pathways that may drive the chronic PTE sequelae following rbTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack L Browning
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kelsey A Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Oleksii Shandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Xiaoran Wei
- Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Dzenis Mahmutovic
- Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Biswajit Maharathi
- Neurology & Rehabilitation, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Stefanie Robel
- Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Pamela J VandeVord
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Salem Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Salem, VA 24153, USA
| | - Michelle L Olsen
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Zhang C, Xu C, Jing Y, Cao H, Wang X, Zhao J, Gong Q, Chen S. Deferoxamine Induces Autophagy Following Traumatic Brain Injury via TREM2 on Microglia. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03875-x. [PMID: 38110648 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that iron disorder, inflammation, and autophagy play an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), an immunoglobulin superfamily transmembrane receptor, is involved in inflammation. However, the role of TREM2 in modulating the microglia response in TBI has been rarely investigated. The present study aimed to investigate if the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) could ameliorate TBI through autophagy mediated by the TREM2. TBI was developed by the controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse model and stretching of individual primary cortical microglia taken from the tissue of the rat brain. DFO was intraperitoneally used for intervention. Western blotting assay, qRT-PCR, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy analysis, transmission electron microscopy, H&E staining, brain water content measurement, and the neurobehavioral assessments were performed. TREM2 expression was up-regulated in cortex of TBI mice model and in microglia stretching model, which was attenuated by DFO. After the mice were subjected to CCI, DFO treatment significantly up-regulated the protein levels of autophagy compared with the TBI group at 3 days and caused an increase of autophagic vacuoles. Treatment with DFO reduced TBI-induced cell apoptosis, cerebral edema, neuroinflammation, and motor function impairment in mice, at least partly via the mTOR signaling pathway that facilitates the TREM2 activity. The results indicated that the maintenance of iron homeostasis by DFO plays neuroprotection by modulating the inflammatory response to TBI through TREM2-mediated autophagy. This study suggested that TREM2-mediated autophagy might be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Heli Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qiuyuan Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shiwen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Luo J, Chen D, Mei Y, Li H, Qin B, Lin X, Chan TF, Lai KP, Kong D. Comparative transcriptome findings reveal the neuroinflammatory network and potential biomarkers to early detection of ischemic stroke. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:50. [PMID: 37533068 PMCID: PMC10398984 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic stroke accounts for 70-80% of all stroke cases, leading to over two million people dying every year. Poor diagnosis and late detection are the major causes of the high death and disability rate. METHODS In the present study, we used the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model and applied comparative transcriptomic analysis, followed by a systematic advanced bioinformatic analysis, including gene ontology enrichment analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). We aimed to identify novel biomarkers for the early detection of ischemic stroke. In addition, we aimed to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of ischemic stroke, in which we hoped to identify novel therapeutic targets for treating ischemic stroke. RESULTS In the comparative transcriptomic analysis, we identified 2657 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the brain tissue of the MCAO model. The gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of these DEGs in oxygen regulation, neural functions, and inflammatory and immune responses. We identified the elevation of angiopoietin-2 and leptin receptor as potential novel biomarkers for early detection of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the result of IPA suggested targeting the inflammasome pathway, integrin-linked kinase signaling pathway, and Th1 signaling pathway for treating ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION The results of the present study provide novel insight into the biomarkers and therapeutic targets as potential treatments of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dingzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Mei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Hepeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyun Qin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, P. R. China.
| | - Deyan Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No 166 Dadaxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang C, Chen S. Role of TREM2 in the Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases After Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 60:342-354. [PMID: 36264434 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been found as the primary cause of morbidity and disability worldwide, which has posed a significant social and economic burden. The first stage of TBI produces brain edema, axonal damage, and hypoxia, thus having an effect on the blood-brain barrier function, promoting inflammatory responses, and increasing oxidative stress. Patients with TBI are more likely to develop post-traumatic epilepsy, behavioral issues, as well as mental illnesses. The long-term effects arising from TBI have aroused rising attention over the past few years. Microglia in the brain can express the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), which is a single transmembrane receptor pertaining to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The receptor has been correlated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other relevant diseases. In this review, it is demonstrated that TREM2 is promising to serve as a neuroprotective factor for neurodegenerative disorders following TBI by modulating the function of microglial cells. Accordingly, it has potential avenues for TREM2-related therapies to improve long-term recovery after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Fernández-Calle R, Konings SC, Frontiñán-Rubio J, García-Revilla J, Camprubí-Ferrer L, Svensson M, Martinson I, Boza-Serrano A, Venero JL, Nielsen HM, Gouras GK, Deierborg T. APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer’s disease pathology and brain diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:62. [PMID: 36153580 PMCID: PMC9509584 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00566-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of the most influential risk factors for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation has become the third hallmark of AD, together with Amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated aggregated tau protein. This review aims to broadly and extensively describe the differential aspects concerning apoE. Starting from the evolution of apoE to how APOE's single-nucleotide polymorphisms affect its structure, function, and involvement during health and disease. This review reflects on how APOE's polymorphisms impact critical aspects of AD pathology, such as the neuroinflammatory response, particularly the effect of APOE on astrocytic and microglial function and microglial dynamics, synaptic function, amyloid-β load, tau pathology, autophagy, and cell–cell communication. We discuss influential factors affecting AD pathology combined with the APOE genotype, such as sex, age, diet, physical exercise, current therapies and clinical trials in the AD field. The impact of the APOE genotype in other neurodegenerative diseases characterized by overt inflammation, e.g., alpha- synucleinopathies and Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, is also addressed. Therefore, this review gathers the most relevant findings related to the APOE genotype up to date and its implications on AD and CNS pathologies to provide a deeper understanding of the knowledge in the APOE field.
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IGF-1 Gene Transfer Modifies Inflammatory Environment and Gene Expression in the Caudate-Putamen of Aged Female Rat Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3337-3352. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02791-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Huang XJ, Su GJ, Wu CW, Sha XS, Zou JF, Liu XS, Li M, He Y. Knockdown of rno_circRNA_009194 Improves Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury Rats through Inhibiting Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Nav1.3. J Neurotrauma 2021; 39:196-210. [PMID: 34726508 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.3 has been recently reported in secondary traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying regulating voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.3) have not been well understood. The present study used a TBI rat model induced by a fluid percussion device and performed a circular RNA (circRNA) microarray (n = 3) to profile the altered circRNAs in the hippocampus after TBI. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validation, certain circRNAs were selected to investigate the function and mechanism in regulating Nav1.3 in the TBI rat model by intracerebroventricular injection with lentivirus. The neurological outcome was evaluated by Morris water maze test, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), brain water content measurement, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The related molecular mechanisms were explored with PCR, Western blotting, luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). A total of 347 circRNAs were observed to be differentially expressed (fold change [FC] ≥ 1.2 and p < 0.05) after TBI, including 234 up-regulated and 113 down-regulated circRNAs. Among 10 validated circRNAs, we selected circRNA_009194 with the maximized up-regulated fold change (n = 5, FC = 4.45, p < 0.001) for the in vivo functional experiments. Down-regulation of circRNA_009194 resulted in a 27.5% reduced mNSS in rat brain (n = 6, p < 0.01) after TBI and regulated the expression levels of miR-145-3p, Sp1, and Nav1.3, which was reversed by sh-miR-145-3p or Sp1/Nav1.3 overexpression (n = 5, p < 0.05). Mechanistically, circRNA_009194 might act as a sponge for miR-145-3p to regulate Sp1-mediated Nav1.3. This study demonstrated that circRNA_009194 knockdown could improve neurological outcomes in TBI in vivo by inhibiting Nav1.3, directly or indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jian Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gao-Jian Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chu-Wei Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Song Sha
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Feng Zou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Ashwal S, Siebold L, Krueger AC, Wilson CG. Post-traumatic Neuroinflammation: Relevance to Pediatrics. Pediatr Neurol 2021; 122:50-58. [PMID: 34304972 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Both detrimental and beneficial effects of post-traumatic neuroinflammation have become a major research focus as they offer the potential for immediate as well as delayed targeted reparative therapies. Understanding the complex interactions of central and peripheral immunocompetent cells as well as their mediators on brain injury and recovery is complicated by the temporal, regional, and developmental differences in their response to injuries. Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, have become central in these investigations as they serve a major surveillance function, have the ability to react swiftly to injury, recruit various cellular and chemical mediators, and monitor the reparative/degenerative processes. In this review we describe selected aspects of this burgeoning literature, describing the critical role of cytokines and chemokines, microglia, advances in neuroimaging, genetics and fractal morphology analysis, our research efforts in this area, and selected aspects of pediatric post-traumatic neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ashwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.
| | - Lorraine Siebold
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - A Camille Krueger
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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Zhuang D, Sheng J, Peng G, Li T, Cai S, Din F, Li L, Huang M, Tian F, Li K, Wang S, Chen W. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts early growth of traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1601-1609. [PMID: 34165245 PMCID: PMC8351393 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed to capture the inflammatory status of patients with various conditions involving the brain. This retrospective study aimed to explore the association between the NLR and the early growth of traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (tICH) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS A multicentre, observational cohort study was conducted. Patients with cerebral contusion undergoing baseline computed tomography for haematoma volume analysis within 6 h after primary injury and follow-up visits within 48 h were included. Routine blood tests were performed upon admission, and early growth of tICH was assessed. Prediction accuracies of the NLR for the early growth of tICH and subsequent surgical intervention in patients were analysed. RESULTS There were a total of 1077 patients who met the criteria included in the study cohort. Univariate analysis results showed that multiple risk factors were associated with the early growth of tICH and included in the following multivariate analysis models. The multivariate logistic regression analysis results revealed that the NLR was highly associated with the early growth of tICH (p < 0.001) while considering other risk factors in the same model. The prediction accuracy of the NLR for the early growth of tICH in patients is 82%. INTERPRETATION The NLR is easily calculated and might predict the early growth of tICH for patients suffering from TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhou Zhuang
- Department of NeurosurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalShantou University Medical College57 Changping RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Jiangtao Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical College22 Xinling RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Guoyi Peng
- Department of NeurosurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalShantou University Medical College57 Changping RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical College22 Xinling RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Shirong Cai
- Department of NeurosurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalShantou University Medical College57 Changping RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Faxiu Din
- Department of NeurosurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalShantou University Medical College57 Changping RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Lianjie Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryFuzhou General Hospital of Xiamen UniversityFuzhou350025China
| | - Mindong Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryJieyang People’s Hospital107 Tianfu RoadJieyangChina
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDongxiabei RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical College22 Xinling RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryFuzhou General Hospital of Xiamen UniversityFuzhou350025China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalShantou University Medical College57 Changping RoadShantouGuangdong515000China
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Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Dentate Gyrus and Anterior Cingulate Cortex in a Mouse Model of Depression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5013565. [PMID: 33628784 PMCID: PMC7892236 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5013565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent, chronic, and relapse-prone psychiatric disease. However, the intermediate molecules resulting from stress and neurological impairment in different brain regions are still unclear. To clarify the pathological changes in the dentate gyrus (DG) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) regions of the MDD brain, which are the most closely related to the disease, we investigated the published microarray profile dataset GSE84183 to identify unpredictable chronic mild stress- (UCMS-) induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the DG and ACC regions. Based on the DEG data, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction, and transcription factor (TF) analyses were performed. In this study, 1071 DEGs (679 upregulated and 392 downregulated) and 410 DEGs (222 upregulated and 188 downregulated) were identified in DG and ACC, respectively. The pathways and GO terms enriched by the DEGs in the DG, such as cell adhesion, proteolysis, ion transport, transmembrane transport, chemical synaptic transmission, immune system processes, response to lipopolysaccharide, and nervous system development, may reveal the molecular mechanism of MDD. However, the DEGs in the ACC involved metabolic processes, proteolysis, visual learning, DNA methylation, innate immune responses, cell migration, and circadian rhythm. Sixteen hub genes in the DG (Fn1, Col1a1, Anxa1, Penk, Ptgs2, Cdh1, Timp1, Vim, Rpl30, Rps21, Dntt, Ptk2b, Jun, Avp, Slit1, and Sema5a) were identified. Eight hub genes in the ACC (Prkcg, Grin1, Syngap1, Rrp9, Grwd1, Pik3r1, Hnrnpc, and Prpf40a) were identified. In addition, eleven TFs (Chd2, Zmiz1, Myb, Etv4, Rela, Tcf4, Tcf12, Chd1, Mef2a, Ubtf, and Mxi1) were predicted to regulate more than two of these hub genes. The expression levels of ten randomly selected hub genes that were specifically differentially expressed in the MDD-like animal model were verified in the corresponding regions in the human brain. These hub genes and TFs may be regarded as potential targets for future MDD treatment strategies, thus aiding in the development of new therapeutic approaches to MDD.
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Santiago-Castañeda C, Segovia-Oropeza M, Concha L, Orozco-Suárez SA, Rocha L. Propylparaben Reduces the Long-Term Consequences in Hippocampus Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats: Its Implications as Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 82:S215-S226. [PMID: 33185606 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, induces long-term hippocampal damage and hyperexcitability. On the other hand, studies support that propylparaben (PPB) induces hippocampal neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE Experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of subchronic treatment with PPB on TBI-induced changes in the hippocampus of rats. METHODS Severe TBI was induced using the lateral fluid percussion model. Subsequently, rats received subchronic administration with PPB (178 mg/kg, TBI+PPB) or vehicle (TBI+PEG) daily for 5 days. The following changes were examined during the experimental procedure: sensorimotor dysfunction, changes in hippocampal excitability, as well as neuronal damage and volume. RESULTS TBI+PEG group showed sensorimotor dysfunction (p < 0.001), hyperexcitability (64.2%, p < 0.001), and low neuronal preservation ipsi- and contralateral to the trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis revealed lower volume (17.2%; p < 0.01) and great damage to the ipsilateral hippocampus. TBI+PPB group showed sensorimotor dysfunction that was partially reversed 30 days after trauma. This group showed hippocampal excitability and neuronal preservation similar to the control group. However, MRI analysis revealed lower hippocampal volume (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION The present study confirms that post-TBI subchronic administration with PPB reduces the long-term consequences of trauma in the hippocampus. Implications of PPB as a neuroprotective strategy to prevent the development of Alzheimer's disease as consequence of TBI are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Santiago-Castañeda
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marysol Segovia-Oropeza
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Concha
- Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Sandra Adela Orozco-Suárez
- Unit for Medical Research in Neurological Diseases, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI (CMN-SXXI), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
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Ţolescu RŞ, Zorilă MV, Şerbănescu MS, Kamal KC, Zorilă GL, Dumitru I, Florou C, Mogoantă L, Văduva IA, Stanca L, Zăvoi RE. Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) - a seven-year comparative study in a Department of Forensic Medicine. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2020; 61:95-103. [PMID: 32747899 PMCID: PMC7728107 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Deaths caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) increase in incidence every year worldwidely, mainly in developing countries. Thus, World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2020, TBI will become the third main cause of death. In our study, we evaluated the deaths caused by TBI recorded within the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Craiova, Romania, between 2011 and 2017. Therefore, according to age, the cases were divided into two groups: people aged 0-18 years old (including 18 years old) and people aged over 18 years old (a total of 1005 cases, of which 971 were adults and 34 included in the age group 0-18 years old). In both groups, most patients were males from the rural area. In adults, falling was the main legal entity of the cases, followed by car accidents (which were the most common in children). In both groups, in car accidents, most of them were pedestrians and car occupants. Various aggressions (human, animal, self-injury) were found in 94 (9.68%) of the adult cases and in four (11.76%) cases of children. Another parameter under study was the blood alcohol concentration, being observed that most of the subjects with positive blood alcohol content died from car accidents. By evaluating the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score as a prognostic factor, most of the subjects presented third and fourth degree coma at admission; still, 5.14% of the adult patients who deceased had GCS score 15 at admission, death occurring probably by developing some intracranial hematomas in time. Regarding the morphology of the lesions, most patients presented various forms of cranial fractures, 185 (19.05%) adults in association with extradural hemorrhages∕hematomas, but also there were four cases with extradural hematomas without any cranial fractures. In children, there was highlighted a single case of extradural hemorrhage under the fracture line. Seventy-eight percent of the adults and 44.12% of children presented subdural hematomas associated with other meningo-cerebral lesions. Also, 83.63% of the adults and 97% of children presented brain contusions. In both groups, brain laceration was observed in approximately 50% of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan Ştefan Ţolescu
- PhD Student, Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Marian Valentin Zorilă
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Mircea-Sebastian Şerbănescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | | | - George Lucian Zorilă
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Ilie Dumitru
- Department of Road Vehicles, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, Romania
| | - Charoula Florou
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Laurenţiu Mogoantă
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Alexandru Văduva
- PhD Student, Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Liliana Stanca
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Roxana Eugenia Zăvoi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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