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Influence of Orchard Cultural Practices during the Productive Process of Cherries through Life Cycle Assessment. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9061065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes the influence of orchard cultural practices during the productive process of cherries on the environmental impact in terms of energy, air, soil and water through a “farm to market” Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The results were used to identify the orchard cultural practices that contribute significantly to the environmental impact and to find solutions to reduce those impacts, serving as best practices guide to improving the environmental performance and as benchmarks for other national and international cherry and fruit growers. Primary data for production, harvest and post-harvest periods were gathered experimentally. The openLCA 1.10.2 software and the ecoinvent 3.5 database were used for modelling. Test case scenarios are modelled to identify the influence of cultural practices in low and high cherry production campaigns depending on climatic conditions and consequently diseases and plagues. Moreover, results are compared with other studies, not only covering cherries but also other fruits. The energy consumption per hectare in the production phase is similar in test scenarios. The energy consumption of orchard cultural practices related to tractor use, fertilizers and fungicides application are the main hotspots in terms of global warming, freshwater ecotoxicity and eutrophication, and terrestrial acidification. The use of electric vehicles, change the warehouse location or redefine transportation routes can reduce this impact, along with the optimization of the cherry’s quantity transported in each trip. In addition, the use of plant protection products, fertilizers and herbicides with less environmental impact will contribute to this objective. For that, the use of agriculture and precision systems to predict the need for fertilizers (nutrients), herbicides and fungicides, the use of decision support systems to define the dates of cultural practices, as well as innovative and emerging food and by-products processing methods are suggested. Thus, this study identifies and quantifies the environmental impacts associated with the production system of cherries and their main hotspots. It provides a best-practices guide for sustainable solutions in orchard management that contributes to the competitiveness and sustainability of fruit companies.
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Aliste M, Garrido I, Pérez-Lucas G, Flores P, Hellín P, Navarro S, Fenoll J. Appraisal of water matrix on the removal of fungicide residues by heterogeneous photocatalytic treatment using UV-LED lamp as light source. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23849-23858. [PMID: 33188513 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of four fungicides, myclobutanil, penconazole and difenoconazole (triazole compounds) and boscalid (carboxamide), has been examined in different aqueous matrices (tap water, irrigation water and two WWPT effluents). Experiments were conducted at laboratory scale with different reagents-zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), sodium persulphate (Na2S2O8) and the combined systems ZnO/Na2S2O8 and TiO2/Na2S2O8-in water exposed to UV-LED irradiation. Previously, the effect of catalyst and oxidant loading on the disappearance kinetics of the different fungicides was assessed to know maximum degradation efficiency. The influence of water matrices and pesticide loading in removal effectiveness has been evaluated. It was observed a greater efficiency in processes conducted using the tandems ZnO/Na2S2O8 and TiO2/Na2S2O8 in irrigation and tap waters. Results showed that UV-LED are a suitable alternative for tackling the removal of organic pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aliste
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Garrido
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Pérez-Lucas
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Flores
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Hellín
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - Simón Navarro
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Fenoll
- Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development, C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain.
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Davico CE, Pereira AG, Nezzi L, Jaramillo ML, de Melo MS, Müller YMR, Nazari EM. Reproductive toxicity of Roundup WG® herbicide: impairments in ovarian follicles of model organism Danio rerio. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:15147-15159. [PMID: 33226558 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used in global agriculture, and their effects on different non-target animal organisms have been the focus of many toxicological studies. Regarding the potential role of glyphosate-based herbicides as an endocrine disruptor, the present study aims to investigate the effects of the herbicide Roundup WG® (RWG) on female reproduction, specifically on the ovarian maturation of Danio rerio. Adult females were exposed to low concentrations of RWG (0.065, 0.65, and 6.5 mg L-1) for 15 days, and then the ovaries were submitted to structural and morphometric procedures, accompanied by analysis of the vitellin protein content. Our results showed an increase of initial ovarian follicle numbers, decrease of late ovarian follicles, and smaller diameter of ovarian follicles in fish exposed to 0.065 and 6.5 mg L-1. The thickness of vitelline envelope was reduced, and the vitellin protein content was increased in the ovarian follicle in the two highest concentrations. Ultrastructural changes in the ovarian follicular component were evident and expressed by the cell index; vacuolization in follicular cells, increase of perivitelline space, and impaired mitochondria in oocytes were observed. Therefore, RWG adversely affects the ovarian maturation in D. rerio, and these changes can lead to reproductive toxicity, compromising population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Eliana Davico
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Guimarães Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Luciane Nezzi
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Michael Lorenz Jaramillo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Madson Silveira de Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Rauh Müller
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Evelise Maria Nazari
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Wielgat P, Kalinowska D, Szymkiewicz A, Zima P, Jaworska-Szulc B, Wojciechowska E, Nawrot N, Matej-Lukowicz K, Dzierzbicka-Glowacka LA. Towards a multi-basin SWAT model for the migration of nutrients and pesticides to Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea). PeerJ 2021; 9:e10938. [PMID: 33665035 PMCID: PMC7916535 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This paper analyzes the impact of changes in fertilization on crop yields and the runoff of nutrients from a small agricultural catchment (176 km2) to a shallow bay, using the SWAT model. Puck Bay is part of the Gulf of Gdansk and belongs to the Baltic Sea. The whole area of Puck Bay (364 km2) is protected (Natura 2000) yet despite this it suffers from eutrophication problems due to the relatively minimal depth and difficult water exchange. Methods The paper presents a comparison of the calculated yields and the runoff of nutrients and pesticides in the SWAT model, for a small agricultural coastal catchment. Calculations were made for 13 crop scenarios with weather data from 2011 to 2019. For each crop, an agriculture calendar was made. Two variants of fertilization were considered (autofertilization mode and according to the calendar). The nutrient runoff was calculated depending on the adopted scenario. In addition, the fate of selected pesticides was simulated. Results Depending on the crop, the annual load of NO3into the stream ranged from 0.74 to 3.65 kg ha-1. The annual load of organic phosphorous into the stream was between 0.686 and 3.64 kg ha-1. This is lower than in the majority of EU or Baltic countries. The surface runoff of dissolved Glyphosate was equal to 286 mg ha-1. The annual loads of nutrients from the catchment area are equivalent in both fertilization modes. Regardless of the selected fertilization mode, in addition to the dosage, the form of nutrients is important for the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Wielgat
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dominika Kalinowska
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adam Szymkiewicz
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Zima
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Beata Jaworska-Szulc
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Wojciechowska
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Nicole Nawrot
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Matej-Lukowicz
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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Li H, Wang F, Li J, Deng S, Zhang S. Adsorption of three pesticides on polyethylene microplastics in aqueous solutions: Kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, and molecular dynamics simulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128556. [PMID: 33049512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics could act as a carrier for pesticides in the water environment and pose a potential risk. This study mainly investigated the effects of reaction time, microplastics dosages, pH, and NaCl salinity on the adsorption characteristics of three pesticides (Imidacloprid, Buprofezin, Difenoconazole) on polyethylene (PE) microplastics in aqueous solution. The results showed that high pH and low NaCl salinity were conducive to the adsorption. The adsorption data were well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-first-order kinetics, indicating that it was mainly controlled by physical function. The adsorption capacity of three pesticides on PE microplastics followed the order of Difenoconazole > Buprofezin > Imidacloprid. The thermodynamic study indicated the adsorption of all pesticides as spontaneous and exothermic processes, and the elevated temperature was favorable to the adsorption. SEM-EDS and FTIR results verified that pesticides were adsorbed on the microplastics but the adsorption process was mainly controlled by intermolecular Van Der Waals Force and the microporous filling mechanism. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results indicated that surface adsorption was the exclusive mechanism for the adsorption of pesticides on microplastics, and the final adsorption configurations revealed that there were complex interactions between the pesticide molecules and the C, H atoms in PE molecules. The results of this study illustrated that PE microplastics are potential carriers for pesticides in the water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jining Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environmental (MEE), Nanjing, China.
| | - Shengtian Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environmental (MEE), Nanjing, China
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