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Magdy N, Abdelkader NF, Zaki HF, Kamel AS. Potential exacerbation of polycystic ovary syndrome by saccharin sodium Via taste receptors in a letrozole rat model. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 191:114874. [PMID: 39032681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The most common cause of anovulatory infertility is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is closely associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Artificial sweetener, notably saccharin sodium (SS), has been utilized in management of obesity in PCOS. However, accumulating evidence points towards SS deleterious effects on ovarian physiology, potentially through activation of ovarian sweet and bitter taste receptors, culminating in a phenotype reminiscent of PCOS. This research embarked on exploration of SS influence on ovarian functions within a PCOS paradigm. Rats were categorized into six groups: Control, Letrozole-model, two SS groups at 2 dose levels, and two groups receiving 2 doses of SS with Letrozole. The study underscored SS capability to potentiate PCOS-related anomalies. Elevated cystic profile with outer thin granulosa cells, were discernible. This owed to increased apoptotic markers as cleaved CASP-3, mirrored by high BAX and low BCL-2, with enhanced p38-MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway. This manifestation was accompanied by activation of taste receptors and disruption of steroidogenic factors; StAR, CYP11A1, and 17β-HSD. Thus, SS showed an escalation in testosterone, progesterone, estrogen, and LH/FSH ratio, insinuating a perturbation in endocrine regulation. It is found that there is an impact of taste receptor downstream signaling on ovarian steroidogenesis and apoptosis instigating pathophysiological milieu of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Magdy
- Quality Assurance, National Food Safety Authority, Bab El-Louq, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Ma C, Xiang Q, Song G, Wang X. Quercetin and polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1006678. [PMID: 36588716 PMCID: PMC9800798 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1006678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease, and results to opsomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hairy, acne, acanthosis, infertility, abortion. In the long term, PCOS may also increase the risk of endometrial cancer, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and other diseases. Till now there is no specific drug for PCOS due to the unclearness of the cause and pathogenesis, as current treatments for PCOS only target certain symptoms. Quercetin (QUR) is a flavonoid drug widely found in Chinese herbal medicines, fruits, leaves, vegetables, seeds and plants roots. Studies on other diseases have found that QUR has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insulin resistance, anti-cancer and other effects. Some studies have shown that serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), the LH/follicule-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid levels are reduced in PCOS patients with QUR treatment. However, the mechanisms of QUR in PCOS patients have not been completely elucidated. In this review, we retrospect the basic characteristics of QUR, and in vitro studies, animal experiments and clinical trials of QUR and plant extracts containing QUR in the treatment of PCOS. We also summarized the effects and mechanism of QUR in ovarian cells in vitro and PCOS model rats, the changes in relevant parameters after QUR administration in PCOS patients, and its potentially therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congshun Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianru Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ge Song, ; Xuefei Wang,
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ge Song, ; Xuefei Wang,
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Visceral Adiposity Index as an Indicator for Menstrual Disturbance, Hormonal and Metabolic Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Cureus 2022; 14:e29796. [PMID: 36340542 PMCID: PMC9618402 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increase in visceral adiposity is characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and is the main cause of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. This study tried to compare the visceral adiposity index (VAI) in PCOS women and control population, thereby exploring its correlation with ovarian morphology, hormonal and metabolic dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reproductive-age women who fulfilled the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS constituted the cases. Control population consisted of the same number of non-PCOS women. History of menstrual irregularity and features of hyperandrogenism were noted. Overnight fasting serum hormonal profile on second day of the cycle, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and serum fasting insulin and lipid profile were obtained. Ultrasound evaluation was done simultaneously. Free androgen index (FAI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and VAI were calculated. RESULTS Serum androgen levels and OGTT were greater in PCOS women. No significant difference was noted in serum fasting glucose, fasting insulin and lipid profile between cases and controls. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher among women with PCOS. Mean ovarian volume, antral follicle count, FAI and HOMA-IR were higher in PCOS women. VAI was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. VAI demonstrated a strong negative correlation with number of menstrual cycles per year. Increasing VAI was associated with longer menstrual cycles and correlated positively with greater severity of anovulation. VAI also showed highly significant correlation with fasting blood glucose and statistically significant moderately strong positive correlation with OGTT values at two hours post glucose challenge, systolic blood pressure and mean ovarian volume. There was no demonstrable correlation between androgen levels or HOMA-IR values. CONCLUSION VAI is higher in women with PCOS. It correlates positively with features of disease severity and ovarian morphology. An assessment of VAI in PCOS women could be predictive of a greater propensity for development of classical metabolic risk factors.
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Yu J, Fu Y, Zeng L, Zheng Y. Investigating the active components of Huatan Tongjing Decoction for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome via network pharmacology. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:515-524. [PMID: 35822313 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in women, potentially causing ovarian infertility for women at gestational age. Huatan Tongjing Decoction is commonly used to treat PCOS, however the involved molecular mechanism has not been fully understood. METHODS In this study, the active components of Huatan Tongjing Decoction and potentially targeted proteins were downloaded from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. PCOS-related genes were accessed from Malacards database. STRING database was utilized to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on the PCOS-related genes and the predicted targets. Subsequently, the PPI network was subjected to Random walk with restart (RWR). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on top 50 genes with the high affinity scores to the drug targets. Subsequently, based on the predicted drug components and targets, a component-gene interaction network was constructed. Finally, the most central drug targets were selected, and the corresponding compounds were subjected to molecular docking and dynamic simulations to examine their bindings. RESULTS The 122 main active components and 246 potential targets of Huatan Tongjing Decoction were obtained from TCMSP, and a total of 259 nodes and 1,919 interactions were acquired from the PPI network. The top 50 genes were mainly enriched in response to peptide hormone function and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in RWR analysis. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations predicted that MMP-quercetin interaction played an important role in the treatment of PCOS using Huatan Tongjing Decoction. CONCLUSIONS Luteolin and quercetin in Huatan Tongjing Decoction potentially bound MMP9 and served as active compornants. This study preliminarily suggested the efficacy of Huatan Tongjing Decoction against PCOS in molecular degreee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Yu
- Gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine, Persons applying for doctoral degree with the same educational level. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.,Gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine, Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre(Panyu He Xian Memorial Hospital), Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanhong Fu
- Department of gynecology, Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongxia Zheng
- Gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine, Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre(Panyu He Xian Memorial Hospital), Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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Expatiating the Pharmacological and Nanotechnological Aspects of the Alkaloidal Drug Berberine: Current and Future Trends. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123705. [PMID: 35744831 PMCID: PMC9229453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, herbal compounds have been the focus of scientific interest for the last several centuries, and continuous research into their medicinal potential is underway. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from plants that possess a broad array of medicinal properties, including anti-diarrheal, anti-fibrotic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects, and is frequently utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine. BBR promotes metabolisms of glucose and lipids by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, stimulating glycolysis and inhibiting functions of mitochondria; all of these ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus. BBR has also been shown to have benefits in congestive heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. BBR has been investigated as an interesting pharmacophore with the potential to contribute significantly to the research and development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of disorders. Despite its enormous therapeutic promise, the clinical application of this alkaloid was severely limited because of its unpleasant pharmacokinetic characteristics. Poor bioavailability, limited absorption, and poor water solubility are some of the obstacles that restricted its use. Nanotechnology has been suggested as a possible solution to these problems. The present review aims at recent updates on important therapeutic activities of BBR and different types of nanocarriers used for the delivery of BBR in different diseases.
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Chen M, He C, Zhu K, Chen Z, Meng Z, Jiang X, Cai J, Yang C, Zuo Z. Resveratrol ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome via transzonal projections within oocyte-granulosa cell communication. Theranostics 2022; 12:782-795. [PMID: 34976213 PMCID: PMC8692920 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely linked to follicular dysplasia and impaired bidirectional oocyte-granulosa cell (GC) communication. Given that PCOS is a heterogeneous, multifactorial endocrine disorder, it is important to clarify the pathophysiology of this ovarian disease and identify a specific treatment. Methods: We generated PCOS rat models based on neonatal tributyltin (TBT) exposure and studied the therapeutic effect and mechanism of resveratrol (RSV), a natural plant polyphenol. Transcriptome analysis was conducted to screen the significantly changed pathways, and a series of experiments, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot and phalloidin staining, were performed in rat ovaries. We also observed similar changes in human PCOS samples using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database analysis and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: We first found that injury to transzonal projections (TZPs), which are specialized filopodia that mediate oocyte-GC communication in follicles, may play an important role in the etiology of PCOS. We successfully established PCOS rat models using TBT and found that overexpressed calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta (CaMKIIβ) inhibited TZP assembly. In addition, TZP disruption and CAMK2B upregulation were also observed in samples from PCOS patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that RSV potently ameliorated ovarian failure and estrus cycle disorder through TZP recovery via increased cytoplasmic calcium levels and excessive phosphorylation of CaMKIIβ. Conclusions: Our data indicated that upregulation of CaMKIIβ may play a critical role in regulating TZP assembly and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS associated with ovarian dysfunction. Investigation of TZPs and RSV as potent CaMKIIβ activators provides new insight and a therapeutic target for PCOS, which is helpful for improving female reproduction.
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Gu Y, Zhou G, Zhou F, Wu Q, Ma C, Zhang Y, Ding J, Hua K. Life Modifications and PCOS: Old Story But New Tales. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:808898. [PMID: 35498415 PMCID: PMC9045543 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.808898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a kind of endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects female individuals of reproductive age. Lifestyle modifications, including diet modifications, exercise, and behavioral modification, appear to alleviate the metabolic dysfunction and improve the reproductive disorders of PCOS patients (particularly in obese women). Therefore, lifestyle modifications have been gradually acknowledged as the first-line management for PCOS, especially in obese patients with PCOS. However, the mechanism of lifestyle modifications in PCOS, the appropriate composition of diet modifications, and the applicable type of exercise modifications for specific female populations are rarely reported. We conducted a systematic review and enrolled 10 randomized controlled trials for inclusion in a certain selection. In this review, we summarized the existing research on lifestyle modifications in PCOS. We aimed to illustrate the relationship between lifestyle modifications and PCOS (referring to hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance as well as obesity) and also considered the priorities for future research. These results might be an invaluable tool to serve as a guide in lifestyle modifications as the intervention for PCOS and other related endocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guannan Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyue Zhou
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongwei Wu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengbin Ma
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua,
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua,
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Jingxin Ding, ; Keqin Hua,
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Rondanelli M, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Allegrini P, Giacosa A, Fazia T, Bernardinelli L, Gasparri C, Peroni G, Perna S. Berberine Phospholipid Is an Effective Insulin Sensitizer and Improves Metabolic and Hormonal Disorders in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A One-Group Pretest-Post-Test Explanatory Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:3665. [PMID: 34684666 PMCID: PMC8538182 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disease in females of reproductive age and is characterized by multifactorial unhealthy conditions related to hormonal unbalance and also to dysmetabolism and inflammation. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that natural plant-based products may play a role in PCOS management. The aim of this one-group pretest-post-test explanatory study was to evaluate, in normal-overweight PCOS women with normal menses, the effectiveness of berberine on: Insulin resistance (IR) by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA); Inflammation by C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α); Lipid metabolism; Sex hormone profile and symptoms correlated to hyperandrogenism, such as acne, by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI); Body composition by DXA. Finally, adverse effects were assessed by liver and kidney functions and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). All these parameters were collected at baseline and 60 days after supplementation with a new bioavailable and safe berberine formulation. Twelve females (aged 26.6 ± 4.9, BMI 25.3 ± 3.6) were supplied for 60 days with two tablets/day (550 mg/table) of the bioavailable berberine. Results showed a statistically significant decrease in HOMA, CRP, TNF-α, Triglycerides, testosterone, Body Mass Index (BMI), Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT), fat mass, GAGS and CADI scores, and a statistically significant increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Liver and kidney functions and CPK are not statistically significantly different. Therefore, berberine can represent a safe novel dietary supplement, helpful in treatment strategy for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Giovanna Petrangolini
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Pietro Allegrini
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Attilio Giacosa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Policlinico di Monza, Via Amati 111, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Teresa Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (T.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sakhir Campus, University of Bahrain, Zallaq 32038, Bahrain;
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Nutrition Strategy and Life Style in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072452. [PMID: 34371961 PMCID: PMC8308732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present an extensive narrative review of the broadly understood modifications to the lifestyles of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The PubMed database was analyzed, combining PCOS entries with causes, diseases, diet supplementation, lifestyle, physical activity, and use of herbs. The metabolic pathways leading to disturbances in lipid, carbohydrate, and hormonal metabolism in targeted patients are described. The article refers to sleep disorders, changes in mental health parameters, and causes of oxidative stress and inflammation. These conditions consistently lead to the occurrence of severe diseases in patients suffering from diabetes, the fatty degeneration of internal organs, infertility, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, dysbiosis, and cancer. The modification of lifestyles, diet patterns and proper selection of nutrients, pharmacological and natural supplementation in the form of herbs, and physical activity have been proposed. The progress and consequences of PCOS are largely modifiable and depend on the patient’s approach, although we have to take into account also the genetic determinants.
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Shekhawat RS, Mandal CC. Anti-obesity Medications in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Insight. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:476-494. [PMID: 34225630 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210322122829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between cancer and obesity is multifactorial and complex with the increased risk of cancer development in obese individuals posing a significant threat. Obesity leads to the upregulation or hyperactivation of several oncogenic pathways in cancer cells, which drives them towards a deleterious phenotype. The cross-talk between cancer and obesity is considered a large contributing factor in the development of chemotherapeutic drug resistance and the resistance to radiotherapy. The link between obesity and the development of cancer is so strong that a medication that demonstrates effectiveness against both conditions would serve as an essential step. In this context, anti-obesity medications provide a worthy list of candidates based on their chemo-preventive potential and chemotherapeutic properties. The current study focuses on exploring the potential of anti-obesity medicines as dual anticancer drugs. These medications target several key signaling pathways (e.g., AMPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, NF-κB, JNK/ERK), which prove to be crucial for both cancer growth and metastases. Some of these drugs also play an important role in attenuating the signaling and cellular events which incite cancer-obesity cross-talk and demonstrate efficient counteraction of neoplastic transformation. Thus, this review highlights a comprehensive view of the potential use of anti-obesity medicines to treat both cancer and obesity for patients exhibiting both comorbities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, India
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Shen H, Huang L, Dou H, Yang Y, Wu H. Effect of Trilobatin from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd on Gut Microbiota of Obese Rats Induced by a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030891. [PMID: 33801901 PMCID: PMC8001797 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trilobatin was identified as the primary bioactive component in the Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd (LPR) leaves. This study explored the antiobesity effect of trilobatin from LPR leaves and its influence on gut microbiota in obese rats. Results showed that trilobatin could significantly reduce body and liver weight gain induced by a high-fat diet, and the accumulation of perirenal fat, epididymal fat, and brown fat of SD (Male Sprague–Dawley) obese rats in a dose-independent manner. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations increased, especially the concentration of butyrate. Trilobatin supplementation could significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Prevotella, CF231, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira, and decrease greatly the abundance of Blautia, Allobaculum, Phascolarctobacterium, and Coprococcus, resulting in an increase of the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (except the genera of Lactobacillus and Oscillospira). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway predicted by the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) indicated the different relative metabolic pathways after trilobatin supplementation. This study may reveal the contribution of gut microbiota to the antiobesity effect of trilobatin from LPR leaves and predict the potential regulatory mechanism for obesity induced by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Shen
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400000, China; (H.S.); (L.H.); (H.D.)
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Linhua Huang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400000, China; (H.S.); (L.H.); (H.D.)
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Huating Dou
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400000, China; (H.S.); (L.H.); (H.D.)
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710000, China;
- National Research and Development Center of Apple Processing Technology, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Houjiu Wu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400000, China; (H.S.); (L.H.); (H.D.)
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chongqing 400000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-023-68349701
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Familiar to Millions? J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010001. [PMID: 33374498 PMCID: PMC7793056 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Often, articles about polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) start with information about the condition’s high prevalence, the basic characteristics that define this endocrine disorder, and the manifold somatic and/or psychological consequences [...]
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Rice J, Ramtekkar U. Integrative Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Youth Prescribed Second-Generation Antipsychotics. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:medsci8030034. [PMID: 32824428 PMCID: PMC7564042 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Weight gain and metabolic syndrome are common side effects of second-generation antipsychotics and carry significant health consequences both in childhood and into adulthood. This review highlights evidence-based, non-pharmacologic interventions to assist in the management of these side effects. Such intervention categories include dietary, physical activity, sleep, stress management, and nutritional supplementation. Interventions with the highest quality evidence include increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, increasing physical activity, improving sleep, and fish oil supplementation. We suggest that clinicians work with patients on managing metabolic side effects in a patient-centered way, incorporating principles of motivational interviewing, to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Ujjwal Ramtekkar
- Partners for Kids, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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Beydoun HA, Beydoun MA, Hossain S, Stadtmauer L, Eid SM, Zonderman AB. Patterns of Bariatric Surgeries Among U.S. Women Diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2020; 29:585-595. [PMID: 32077783 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2019.7947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To examine patterns and outcomes of bariatric surgeries, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), among women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study using 1998-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample data. A total of 52,668 hospital discharge records met eligibility criteria among PCOS women, 18-49 years. Of those, 17,759 had an obesity/overweight diagnosis and 4310 underwent bariatric surgery. Furthermore, 3086 underwent RYGB (n = 2411), LSG (n = 126), or LAGB (n = 549), and were compared to 78,931 non-PCOS controls. Multiple regression models were constructed to examine patient- and hospital-level predictors of obesity/overweight and bariatric surgery, as well as type of bariatric surgery (RYGB, LSG, or LAGB) as a predictor of in-hospital outcomes and PCOS status. Results: The prevalence of obesity/overweight (≈34%) among women diagnosed with PCOS, and of bariatric surgery (≈24%) among women diagnosed with PCOS and obese/overweight varied by patient- and hospital-level characteristics. Women having PCOS and overweight/obesity, who underwent LSG or LAGB, had shorter hospital stay, reduced hospital charges, and better disposition at discharge compared to those who underwent RYGB. PCOS cases and non-PCOS controls experienced similar treatment selection and in-hospital outcomes after bariatric surgery. Also, PCOS cases and non-PCOS controls experienced similar in-hospital outcomes after undergoing RYGB, LSG, or LAGB. Conclusions: Compared to RYGB, LSG and LAGB resulted in improved in-hospital outcomes among obese/overweight PCOS and non-PCOS patients. Further research is needed to examine health care disparities in the context of PCOS, obesity/overweight, and bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Research Programs, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
| | - May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sharmin Hossain
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laurel Stadtmauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Shaker M Eid
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
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Rondanelli M, Infantino V, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Faliva MA, Peroni G, Naso M, Nichetti M, Spadaccini D, Gasparri C, Perna S. Polycystic ovary syndrome management: a review of the possible amazing role of berberine. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 301:53-60. [PMID: 32060683 PMCID: PMC7028834 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The therapy of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is based on synthetic hormones associated with lifestyle changes, but these therapies cannot be taken continuously, especially by women who would like to become pregnant. Thus, nutraceutical compounds were investigated as possible agents for treatment of PCOS. Berberine is shown to be effective against insulin resistance and obesity, particularly against visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Because of these properties, researchers theorized that berberine could be effective in PCOS treatment. METHODS The aim of this narrative review was to assess the state of the art about the use of berberine in PCOS management. RESULTS This review included 5 eligible studies. Despite the number of studies considered being low, the number of women studied is high (1078) and the results are interesting. Two authors find out that berberine induced a redistribution of adipose tissue, reducing VAT in the absence of weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity, quite like metformin. One author demonstrated that berberine improved the lipid pattern. Moreover, three authors demonstrated that berberine improved insulin resistance in theca cells with an improvement of the ovulation rate per cycle, so berberine is also effective on fertility and live birth rates. CONCLUSIONS Finally, berberine is safe to use in premenopausal women who want to get pregnant and showed few side effects in all the cited studies. In conclusion, the use of berberine for PCOS is safe and promising, even if more studies are needed to create a consensus about the dosage of berberine useful for long-term therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - A. Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, 20146 Milan, Italy
| | | | - M. A. Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - G. Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - D. Spadaccini
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - C. Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda Di Servizi Alla Persona ‘‘Istituto Santa Margherita’’, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S. Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, P. O. Box 32038, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Yang J, Chon TY, Bauer BA. Use of Acupuncture in Overweight/Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Med Acupunct 2019; 31:267-268. [PMID: 31624524 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2019.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight/obesity has been identified as the most common chronic condition associated with patients who have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This increases the overall cost of public health care. While current effective and safe conventional medical treatments for overweight and obesity exist, such treatments are limited because of their poor feasibility and side-effects. As a complementary therapy, acupuncture has recently received overwhelming attention to assist weight loss in women who have PCOS, as well as addressing other elements of the disorder, such as stress, irregular menstrual cycles, and infertility. Despite acupuncture's efficacy and safety, questions remain as to its robust evidence. Therefore, the purpose of this clinical commentary is to summarize the current status of associated clinical practices and the action mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for weight control in patient with PCOS. This commentary also outlines relevant concerns for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tony Y Chon
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Brent A Bauer
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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17
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Antonowski T, Osowski A, Lahuta L, Górecki R, Rynkiewicz A, Wojtkiewicz J. Health-Promoting Properties of Selected Cyclitols for Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2314. [PMID: 31574903 PMCID: PMC6835238 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclitols play a particularly important role in cell functioning because they are involved in ion channel physiology, phosphate storage, signal transduction, cell wall formation, membrane biogenesis, osmoregulation and they have antioxidant activity. They are involved in the cell membranes as a phosphatidyl myo-inositol, an inositol triphosphate precursor, which acts as a transmitter that regulates the activity of several hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone, thyrotropin, and insulin. The aim of this paper is to characterize the selected cyclitols: myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol in type-2 metabolic syndrome and diabetes treatment. Results and discussion: Cyclitols have certain clinical applications in the treatment of metabolic syndromes and are considered to be an option as a dietary supplement for the treatment or prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and type-2 diabetes. Improved metabolic parameters observed after using cyclitols, like myo-inositol, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and type-2 diabetes suggest that they may have a protective effect on the cardiovascular system. Pinitol, together with myo-inositol,maybe responsible for improving lipid profiles by reducing serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. Pinitol is also well-researched and documented for insulin-like effects. Myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol indicate a number of therapeutic and health-promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Antonowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Adam Osowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Lesław Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joanna Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Tabrizi R, Ostadmohammadi V, Akbari M, Lankarani KB, Vakili S, Peymani P, Karamali M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Clinical Symptom, Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, Lipid and Hormonal Profiles, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 14:1-14. [PMID: 31165401 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is to determine the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation on clinical symptoms, weight loss, glycemic control, lipid and hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Eligible studies were systematically searched from Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases until January 2019. Cochran (Q) and I-square statistics were used to measure heterogeneity among included studies. Data were pooled by using random-effect model and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Eleven articles were included in this meta-analysis. Probiotic supplementation significantly decreased weight (SMD - 0.30; 95% CI, - 0.53, - 0.07; P = 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (SMD - 0.29; 95% CI, - 0.54, - 0.03; P = 0.02), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (SMD - 0.26; 95% CI, - 0.45, - 0.07; P < 0.001), insulin (SMD - 0.52; 95% CI, - 0.81, - 0.24; P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (SMD - 0.53; 95% CI, - 0.79, - 0.26; P < 0.001), triglycerides (SMD - 0.69; 95% CI, - 0.99, - 0.39; P < 0.001), VLDL-cholesterol (SMD - 0.69; 95% CI, - 0.99, - 0.39; P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD - 1.26; 95% CI, - 2.14, - 0.37; P < 0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD - 0.90; 95% CI, - 1.16, - 0.63; P < 0.001), hirsutism (SMD - 0.58; 95% CI, - 1.01, - 0.16; P < 0.001), and total testosterone levels (SMD - 0.58; 95% CI, - 0.82, - 0.34; P < 0.001), and also increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (SMD 0.41; 95% CI, 0.11, 0.70; P < 0.01), nitric oxide (NO) (SMD 0.33; 95% CI 0.08, 0.59; P = 0.01), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38, 0.90; P < 0.001), glutathione (GSH) (SMD 0.26; 95% CI, 0.01, 0.52; P = 0.04), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels (SMD 0.46; 95% CI, 0.08, 0.85; P = 0.01). Probiotic supplementation may result in an improvement in weight, BMI, FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, VLDL-cholesterol, CRP, MDA, hirsutism, total testosterone, QUICKI, NO, TAC, GSH, and SHBG but did not affect dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, and total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels in patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Tabrizi
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Payam Peymani
- Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Karamali
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Kolahdooz
- Indigenous and Global Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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19
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Cao C, Su M. Effects of berberine on glucose-lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3009-3014. [PMID: 30936971 PMCID: PMC6434235 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of berberine on glucose-lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome were investigated. Eighty patients with metabolic syndrome treated in Linyi Central Hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were selected and divided into control group (n=40) and observation group (n=40). Patients in control group were treated with regular therapy using the Western medicine and drugs, while those in observation group, based on the treatment in control group, were treated with berberine. Changes in relevant indexes to blood glucose and lipid metabolisms and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups. The correlation of inflammatory factor with fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, triglyceride and total cholesterol was analyzed. At 1 month after treatment, levels of fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, insulin resistance index and blood lipid indexes in both groups were lower than those at 1 week after treatment (P<0.05). At 1 month after treatment, levels of fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, insulin resistance index and blood lipid indexes in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group during the same period (P<0.05). Moreover, levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in both groups at 1 month after treatment were lower than those at 1 week after treatment (P<0.05), and they were lower in observation group at 1 month after treatment than those in control group during the same period (P<0.05). Finally, hs-CRP was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol and triglyceride. The combined application of berberine in patients with metabolic syndrome can effectively regulate blood glucose and blood lipid of patients, alleviate insulin resistance and reduce the level of inflammatory response in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Meiqing Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
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Owczarczyk-Saczonek A, Lahuta LB, Ligor M, Placek W, Górecki RJ, Buszewski B. The Healing-Promoting Properties of Selected Cyclitols-A Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121891. [PMID: 30513929 PMCID: PMC6316775 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myo-inositol and its derivatives cyclitols play an important role in the processes of cell regulation, signal transduction, osmoregulation, and ion channel physiology, and are a component of the cell membrane. Free cyclitols present in food or released during the degradation of galactosyl cyclitols by bacteria (in digestive tract) show some physiological benefits. AIM The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the documented data about curative and healing properties of cyclitols. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Cyclitols are well known compounds in the treatment of an accompanied diabetes insulin resistance, and also obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome. d-chiro-Inositol deficiency exacerbates insulin resistance in the liver, muscles, and fat, while depletion of myo-inositol results in the development of diabetic complications. Cyclitols are successfully applied in treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome, simultaneous are observed effective reducing of BMI, improving the hormonal profile, and increasing fertility. Moreover, cyclitols have anti-atherogenic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. CONCLUSION The properties of cyclitols may be a good therapeutic option in the reduction of metabolically induced inflammation. Due to well drugs tolerance and low toxicity of these compounds, cyclitols are recommend for pregnant women and also for children. Another advantage is their widespread presence and easy availability, which encourages their use in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Lesław Bernard Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Ligor
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Placek
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Józef Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Del Chierico F, Abbatini F, Russo A, Quagliariello A, Reddel S, Capoccia D, Caccamo R, Ginanni Corradini S, Nobili V, De Peppo F, Dallapiccola B, Leonetti F, Silecchia G, Putignani L. Gut Microbiota Markers in Obese Adolescent and Adult Patients: Age-Dependent Differential Patterns. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1210. [PMID: 29922272 PMCID: PMC5996250 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity levels, especially in children, have dramatically increased over the last few decades. Recently, several studies highlighted the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of obesity. We investigated the composition of gut microbiota in obese adolescents and adults compared to age-matched normal weight (NW) volunteers in order to assemble age- and obesity-related microbiota profiles. The composition of gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA-based metagenomics. Ecological representations of microbial communities were computed, and univariate, multivariate, and correlation analyses performed on bacterial profiles. The prediction of metagenome functional content from 16S rRNA gene surveys was carried out. Ecological analyses revealed a dissimilarity among the subgroups, and resultant microbiota profiles differed between obese adolescents and adults. Using statistical analyses, we assigned, as microbial markers, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Actinomyces to the microbiota of obese adolescents, and Parabacteroides, Rikenellaceae, Bacteroides caccae, Barnesiellaceae, and Oscillospira to the microbiota of NW adolescents. The predicted metabolic profiles resulted different in adolescent groups. Particularly, biosynthesis of primary bile acid and steroid acids, metabolism of fructose, mannose, galactose, butanoate, and pentose phosphate and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were for the majority associated to obese, while biosynthesis and metabolism of glycan, biosynthesis of secondary bile acid, metabolism of steroid hormone and lipoic acid were associated to NW adolescents. Our study revealed unique features of gut microbiota in terms of ecological patterns, microbial composition and metabolism in obese patients. The assignment of novel obesity bacterial markers may open avenues for the development of patient-tailored treatments dependent on age-related microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Abbatini
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Bariatric Center of Excellence IFSO-EU, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Russo
- Human Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Reddel
- Human Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Capoccia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Caccamo
- Pediatric General Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valerio Nobili
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Hepatogastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Peppo
- Pediatric General Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Frida Leonetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Silecchia
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Bariatric Center of Excellence IFSO-EU, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Human Microbiome Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Parasitology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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