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Bulut IN, Kayadibi Y, Deger E, Kurt SA, Velidedeoglu M, Onur I, Ozturk T, Adaletli I. Preoperative Role of Superb Microvascular Imaging and Shear-Wave Elastography for Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Breast Cancer. Ultrasound Q 2024; 40:111-118. [PMID: 37908027 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the role of shearwave elastography (SWE) and superb microvascular imaging (SMI) for preoperative prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in patients with breast cancer. In a cohort of 214 women with breast cancer, B-Mode ultrasonography (US), SMIvascular-index (SMIvi), and SWE (E-mean, E-ratio) values were recorded before tru-cut biopsy. Axillary fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and sentinel lymph node sampling results were collected. Imaging findings and histopathological data were statistically compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic performance. Reverse stepwise logistical regression analysis was conducted. Although ALNM was negative in 111 cases, it was positive in 103 patients. Axillary lymph node metastasis (+) group had larger size ( P < 0.001), higher vascularization (SMIvi: 8.0 ± 6.0 versus 5.0 ± 4.3, P < 0.001), and higher elasticity value (E-mean: 129 ± 31 kPa versus 117.3 ± 40 kPa, P = 0.014). Axillary lymph node metastasis was observed statistically more frequently in Her-2 positive cases ( P = 0.005). There was no significant difference between other B-mode US findings ( P > 0.05), SMI Adler ( P = 0.878), and E-ratio ( P = 0.212). The most appropriate cutoff value for the prediction of ALNM was 23.5 mm for size, 3.8 for SMIvi, and 138.5 kPa for E-mean. The most sensitive (77%) method was the SMIvi measurement, while the most specific (86%) finding was Her-2 positivity. The combined model (being Her-2 positive, >23.5 cm, and >3.8 SMIvi) increased the specificity (78%), PPV (71%), and accuracy (68%). Although the increased size is a previously studied parameter in predicting the risk of ALNM, Her-2 and data obtained by SWE, and SMI can be used to assist conventional US.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Irem Onur
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Universitesi-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Kocamustafapasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tulin Ozturk
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Universitesi-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Kocamustafapasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chen Z, Wang X, Jin Z, Li B, Jiang D, Wang Y, Jiang M, Zhang D, Yuan P, Zhao Y, Feng F, Lin Y, Jiang L, Wang C, Meng W, Ye W, Wang J, Qiu W, Liu H, Huang D, Hou Y, Wang X, Jiao Y, Ying J, Liu Z, Liu Y. Deep learning on tertiary lymphoid structures in hematoxylin-eosin predicts cancer prognosis and immunotherapy response. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:73. [PMID: 38519580 PMCID: PMC10959936 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00579-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have been associated with favorable immunotherapy responses and prognosis in various cancers. Despite their significance, their quantification using multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) staining of T and B lymphocytes remains labor-intensive, limiting its clinical utility. To address this challenge, we curated a dataset from matched mIHC and H&E whole-slide images (WSIs) and developed a deep learning model for automated segmentation of TLSs. The model achieved Dice coefficients of 0.91 on the internal test set and 0.866 on the external validation set, along with intersection over union (IoU) scores of 0.819 and 0.787, respectively. The TLS ratio, defined as the segmented TLS area over the total tissue area, correlated with B lymphocyte levels and the expression of CXCL13, a chemokine associated with TLS formation, in 6140 patients spanning 16 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The prognostic models for overall survival indicated that the inclusion of the TLS ratio with TNM staging significantly enhanced the models' discriminative ability, outperforming the traditional models that solely incorporated TNM staging, in 10 out of 15 TCGA tumor types. Furthermore, when applied to biopsied treatment-naïve tumor samples, higher TLS ratios predicted a positive immunotherapy response across multiple cohorts, including specific therapies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and stomach adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, our deep learning-based approach offers an automated and reproducible method for TLS segmentation and quantification, highlighting its potential in predicting immunotherapy response and informing cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zelin Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bosen Li
- Department of General Surgery/Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxian Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Departments of Pathology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengping Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyue Feng
- Thoracic Surgery Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weida Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqing Qiu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Houbao Liu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery/Biliary Tract Disease Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of General Surgery/Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhong J, Huang L, Su M, Wu M, Lin X, Shui X, Jiang Y, Zhang X. Ultrasound Microvessel Visualization in Cervical Cancer: Association Between Novel Ultrasound Techniques and Histologic Microvessel Densities. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2537-2547. [PMID: 37730477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the work described here was to evaluate the feasibility of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2)-targeted microbubble (MBVEGFR2)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) for visualizing microvessels in cervical cancer. METHODS Hela cells were used to establish subcutaneous cervical cancer models. SMI and MBVEGFR2-based USMI were performed, and the results were compared with intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) in four groups based on tumor diameter (<3 mm, 3-5 mm, 5-7 mm and ≥7 mm). The vascularization index (VI, %) was evaluated for SMI, and the normalized intensity difference (NID) for USMI. RESULTS Tumors with diameters ranging from 3 to 5 mm had the highest VI (39.07 ± 1.58) in SMI, and VI significantly decreased with increasing tumor size (all p values <0.001). The strongest signal intensity was observed in very early tumors (d < 3 mm: 43.80 ± 3.58%) after MBVEGFR2 administration; the NID gradually decreased with increasing diameter of tumors (all p values = 0.007). However, no significant differences were observed in NID after administration of non-targeted (control) microbubbles (MBCon) (all p values = 0.125). MBVEGFR2-based USMI had the strongest correlation with MVD in displaying microvessels of cervical cancer compared with SMI and MBCon (R2 = 0.78 vs. R2 = 0.40 and R2 = 0.38). CONCLUSION These findings validate the superiority and accuracy of MBVEGFR2-based USMI for microvessel imaging and monitoring of angiogenesis in cervical cancer compared with SMI and MBCon. Nonetheless, SMI remains an alternative to microvessel imaging when ultrasonic contrast agent use is contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Licong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manting Su
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manli Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Shui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Novel Optoacoustic (Ultrasonic) Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Cai Y, Sun Y, Xu F, Wu Y, Ren C, Hao X, Gao B, Cao Q. Effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system on patients with adenomyosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9903. [PMID: 37336924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is very important to treat adenomyosis which may cause infertility, menorrhagia, and dysmenorrhea for women at the reproductive age. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is effective in destroying target tumor tissues without damaging the path of the ultrasound beam and surrounding normal tissues. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LN-IUS) is a medical system which is inserted into the uterine to provide medicinal treatment for temporary control of the symptoms caused by adenomyosis. This study was to investigate the effect of HIFU combined with the LN-IUS on adenomyosis. In the HIFU treatment, the parameters of the ultrasound were transmission frequency 0.8 MHz and input power 50-400 W (350 ± 30), and the temperature in the target tissue under these conditions would reach 60-100 °C (85 °C ± 6.3 °C). Size reduction and blood flow signal decrease were used to assess the effect of combined treatment. In this study, 131 patients with adenomyosis treated with HIFU combined with LN-IUS were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical and follow-up data were analyzed. After treatment, the volume of the uterine lesion was significantly decreased with an effective rate of 72.1%, and the adenomyosis blood flow signals were significantly reduced, with an effective rate of 71.3%. At six months, the menstrual cycle was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from 31.4 ± 3.5 days before treatment to 28.6 ± 1.9 days, the menstrual period was significantly shortened from 7.9 ± 1.2 days before HIFU to 6.5 ± 1.3 days, and the menstrual volume was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from 100 to 49% ± 13%. The serum hemoglobin significantly (P < 0.05) increased from 90.8 ± 6.2 g/L before treatment to 121.6 ± 10.8 g/L at six months for patients with anemia. Among seventy-two (92.3%) patients who finished the six-month follow-up, sixty-five (90.3%) patients had the dysmenorrhea completely relieved, and the other seven (9.7%) patients had only slight dysmenorrhea which did not affect their daily life. Adverse events occurred in 24 (18.3%) patients without causing severe consequences, including skin burns in two (1.5%) patients, skin swelling in four (3.1%), mild lower abdominal pain and low fever in 15 (11.5%), and subcutaneous induration in three (2.3%). Six months after treatment, no other serious side effects occurred in any patients with follow-up. In conclusions, the use of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for the treatment of adenomyosis is safe and effective even though the long-term effect remains to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yunzhe Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chunfeng Ren
- Department of Laboratory Analysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Longhu Middle Ring Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bulang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qinying Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China.
- Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 South Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei Province, China.
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Qiu YJ, Cheng J, Zuo D, Zhang Q, Tian XF, Lu XY, Chen S, Dong Y, Wang WP. Non-invasive evaluation of vascular architecture of focal liver lesions by micro vascular imaging. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2023:CH221682. [PMID: 36683501 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the value of vascular architecture detected by micro vascular imaging (MVI) in preoperative diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs). METHODS In this retrospective study, patients with surgery and histopathologically proved or radiologically confirmed FLLs were included. Vascular architecture of FLLs were acquired by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and MVI on LOGIQ™ E20 ultrasound machine (C1-6 convex array probes). Alder semiquantitative analysis (grade 0-3) and morphologic features of blood vessels (pattern a-f) were used to assess the blood flow within the FLLs. Interobserver agreement for evaluating blood flow of FLLs was analyzed. Using Adler's grading or morphologic patterns as diagnostic criteria for malignant FLLs, the diagnostic efficiency was analyzed and compared. RESULTS From October 2021 and February 2022, 50 patients diagnosed with 40 malignant FLLs and 10 benign FLLs were finally included. The Kappa value within two observers for evaluating the blood flow of FLLs was 0.78 for MVI and 0.55 for CDFI. According to Alder semiquantitative analysis, more high-level blood flow signals (grade 2-3) were detected by MVI than CDFI (P < 0.05). Based on high-level blood flow signals (grade 2-3) and hypervascular supply patterns (pattern e and f), the diagnostic accuracy for malignant FLLs were 76% and 68% for MVI, 56% and 38% for CDFI, respectively. CONCLUSION MVI is superior to CDFI in evaluating vascular architecture of FLLs. The high-level flow signals and hypervascular pattern detected by MVI have a useful and complementary value in preoperative non-invasive identification of malignant FLLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zuo
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang XY, Cai SM, Zhang L, Zhu QL, Sun Q, Jiang YX, Wang HY, Li JC. Association Between Vascular Index Measured via Superb Microvascular Imaging and Molecular Subtype of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:861151. [PMID: 35387128 PMCID: PMC8979674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.861151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To determine whether vascular index (VI; defined as the ratio of Doppler signal pixels to pixels in the total lesion) measured via superb microvascular imaging in breast cancer correlates with immunohistochemically defined subtype and is able to predict molecular subtypes. Methods This prospective study involved 225 patients with 225 mass-type invasive breast cancers (mean size 2.6 ± 1.4 cm, range 0.4~5.9 cm) who underwent ultrasound and superb microvascular imaging (SMI) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital before breast surgery from December 2016 to June 2018. The correlations between primary tumor VI measured via SMI, clinicopathological findings, and molecular subtype were analyzed. The performance of VI for prediction of molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer was investigated. Results The median VI of the 225 tumors was 7.3% (4.2%~11.8%) (range 0%~54.4%). Among the subtypes of the 225 tumors, 41 (18.2%) were luminal A, 91 (40.4%) were luminal B human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-negative, 26 (11.6%) were luminal B HER-2-positive, 17 (7.6%) were HER-2-positive, and 50 (22.2%) were triple-negative, and the corresponding median VI values were 5.9% (2.6%~11.6%) (range 0%~47.1%), 7.3 (4.4%~10.5%) (range 0%~29.5%), 6.3% (3.9%~11.3%) (range 0.6%~22.2%), 8.2% (4.9%~15.6%) (range 0.9%~54.4%), and 9.2% (5.1%~15.3%) (range 0.7%~32.9%), respectively. Estrogen receptor (ER) negativity, higher tumor grade, and higher Ki-67 index (≥20%) were significantly associated with a higher VI value. Tumor size, ER status, and Ki-67 index were shown to independently influence VI. A cutoff value of 4.1% yielded 79.9% sensitivity and 41.5% specificity with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.58 for predicting that a tumor was of the luminal A subtype. A cutoff value of 16.4% yielded 30.0% sensitivity and 90.3% specificity with an AUC of 0.60 for predicting a triple-negative subtype. Conclusions VI, as a quantitative index obtained by SMI examination, could reflect histologic vascular changes in invasive breast cancer and was found to be higher in more biologically aggressive breast tumors. VI shows a certain degree of correlation with the molecular subtype of invasive breast cancer and plays a limited role in predicting the luminal A with high sensitivity and triple-negative subtype with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Man Cai
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Li Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Chu Li
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lin J, Lin W, Xu L, Lin T. Diagnostic value of various vascular features of breast cancer by age. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022; 80:317-325. [PMID: 34719486 DOI: 10.3233/ch-211258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor angiogenesis plays a critical role in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. Evaluating the added value of vascular features to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) in differentiating malignant masses from benign ones is essential. Micro-flow Imaging (MFI) is a promising noninvasive diagnostic method for the microvessels in breast tumors, but its precise value is still uncertain. OBJECTIVES Understanding whether malignant tumor vascular characteristics by MFI are associated with breast cancer and whether the diagnostic efficiency varies by age. MATERIALS AND METHODS B-mode ultrasound and MFI were performed for 153 solid breast lesions. The vessels images by MFI were reviewed and assessed by two investigators, respectively. Then the diagnostic efficacy of different vascular features combined with BI-RADS was evaluated in different age groups. RESULTS The mean size of lesions is 19.4 (range 18-78) mm. There were 94 breast masses in benign, while 59 breast masses in malignant by pathology. III Adler classification, penetrating vessels, and complex flow pattern showed a positive association with a high risk of malignant breast lesions (p < 0.05). BI-RADS combined with vessel characteristics show better improvement of diagnostic performance of breast lesions in the elderly group than in the young group. CONCLUSIONS Vascular features by MFI contribute to malignant breast masses' diagnosis, and the association might be modified by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou Unviersity Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqiang Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou Unviersity Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Teng Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou Unviersity Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Zhou Y, Ji X, Niu J, Sun T, Qian Z, Li Y, Yuan J, Fan Q, Huang Q, Bai J, Wang Y. Ultrasound-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Devascularization of Uterine Fibroid: A Feasibility Study. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:2622-2635. [PMID: 34147312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the feasibility of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) for devascularization of uterine fibroids. Ultrasound color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and B-mode imaging were used to target fibroid vascularity. The vessels were covered and ablated by high-intensity focused ultrasound spots. In this study, 42 fibroids with a volume of 66.98 ± 4.00 cm3 were treated. No blood flow was detected by post-treatment CDFI in 40 fibroids. The 6-mo non-perfusion volume rate was 75.23% ± 34.77% (n = 40). The mean shrinkage in fibroid volume was 38.20% and 43.89%, respectively, at 1 and 6 mo after treatment (p < 0.001). The uterine fibroid symptom and quality of life scores were reduced by 9.43% at 1 mo and 26.66% at 6-mo after treatment (p < 0.001). No serious adverse event was observed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of USgHIFU-induced fibroid devascularization, and more studies are required for the evaluation of safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmei Niu
- Department of Ultrasonography, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taotao Sun
- Department of Radiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxia Qian
- Department of Radiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangjing Yuan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Fan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Huang
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfeng Bai
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Chae EY, Yoon GY, Cha JH, Shin HJ, Choi WJ, Kim HH. Added Value of the Vascular Index on Superb Microvascular Imaging for the Evaluation of Breast Masses: Comparison With Grayscale Ultrasound. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2021; 40:715-723. [PMID: 32815564 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the value of the vascular index (VI) on Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) in comparison with grayscale ultrasound (US) alone for assessing breast masses. METHODS We evaluated a total of 70 breast masses (36 malignant and 34 benign lesions) in 70 consecutive patients using grayscale US and SMI. Two breast radiologists analyzed grayscale US alone and the combination of grayscale US and SMI. They also measured the VI based on SMI. The diagnostic performance of grayscale US alone and the combination of grayscale US and SMI was compared. The VI was compared between benign and malignant masses, and the optimal cutoff value was determined. In addition, the interobserver agreement in imaging analyses and the VI was assessed. RESULTS The interobserver agreements in imaging analyses and the VI were almost perfect. The VI of malignant breast masses was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (P < .001). The optimal cutoff value of the VI for differentiating between malignant and benign breast masses was 2.95, with sensitivity of 86.1% and specificity of 91.2%. The diagnostic performance values of grayscale US alone and the combination of grayscale US and SMI were 0.824 and 0.912, respectively, for reader 1 (P = .028) and 0.795 and 0.853 for reader 2 (P = .101). CONCLUSIONS The VI on SMI was significantly higher for malignant breast masses than for benign lesions, with high interobserver agreement. Our study suggests that the combination of grayscale US and SMI with the VI could improve the characterization of breast masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ga Young Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hee Cha
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Shin
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Choi
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Hee Kim
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Lee EJ, Chang YW, Oh E, Hwang J, Kim HJ, Hong SS. Reproducibility and diagnostic performance of the vascular index of superb microvascular imaging in real-time breast ultrasonography for evaluating breast masses. Ultrasonography 2020; 40:398-406. [PMID: 33455154 PMCID: PMC8217793 DOI: 10.14366/usg.20153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility and diagnostic performance of a quantitative parameter of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in real-time breast ultrasonography (US) for differentiating benign from malignant breast masses. Methods Eighty-seven breast masses in 75 patients who underwent both B-mode US and SMI before US-guided core needle biopsy were included in this study. Two radiologists performed B-mode US and measured the vascular index (VI) of SMI respectively for each lesion in real time. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements were analyzed for the VI of SMI. The diagnostic performance of B-mode US using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System lexicon and combined use with the VI of SMI was evaluated compared to pathology. Results The median VI of malignant masses (n=32) was significantly higher than that of benign masses (n=55) (7.6% and 2.6%, respectively; P<0.001). The intraobserver agreement for VI was excellent regardless of the pathology, size, or depth of the lesion. The interobserver agreement for VI was excellent regardless of the presence of a measurement interval. The interobserver agreement for the final diagnostic decision was improved by combining B-mode US and VI (κ=0.883) in comparison with B-mode US only (κ=0.617). Adding VI led to significant improvements in the specificity (87.2% vs. 52.7%, 83.6% vs. 49.0%), accuracy (89.7% vs. 69.3%, 84.0% vs. 65.9%) and positive predictive value (81.5% vs. 55.1%, 75.6% vs. 52.6%) of B-mode US for both observers compared with B-mode US alone (all, P=0.001). Conclusion The VI of SMI for real-time breast US is highly reproducible and leads to improved diagnostic performance for differentiating between benign and malignant breast lesions in combination with B-mode US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Woo Chang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunsun Oh
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Sook Hong
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Luo H, Su J, Sun R, Sun Y, Wang Y, Dong Y, Shi B, Jiang H, Li Z. Coexpression of IL7 and CCL21 Increases Efficacy of CAR-T Cells in Solid Tumors without Requiring Preconditioned Lymphodepletion. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5494-5505. [PMID: 32816947 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE T-cell recruitment, survival, and proliferation are the important limitations to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells therapy in the treatment of solid tumors. In this study, we engineered CAR-T cells to coexpress cytokines IL7 and CCL21 (7 × 21 CAR-T), a cytokine combination in order to improve proliferation and chemotaxis of CAR-T cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CLDN18.2-specific second-generation CAR-T cells coexpressing cytokines were prepared using retroviral vector transduction. The proliferation and migration of genetically engineered CAR-T cells were evaluated in vitro. The antitumor activities of genetically engineered CAR-T cells were evaluated against multiple solid tumors in C57BL/6 mice in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, the proliferation and chemotaxis of 7 × 21 CAR-T cells are significantly improved when compared with those of the conventional CAR-T cells. In vivo, 7 × 21 CAR-T cells revealed superior therapeutic effects to either conventional CAR-T cells or 7 × 19 CAR-T cells which coexpress IL7 and CCL19 as previously reported in three different solid tumors without cyclophosphamide precondition. Interestingly, 7 × 21 CAR-T cells could also suppress the tumor growth with heterogeneous antigen expression and even induce tumor complete remission. Mechanistically, IL7 and CCL21 significantly improved survival and infiltration of CAR-T cells and dendritic cells in tumor. In addition, CCL21 also inhibited the tumor angiogenesis as proved by IHC. CONCLUSIONS Coexpression of IL7 and CCL21 could boost CAR-T cells' antitumor activity, and 7 × 21 CAR-T cells may be served as a promising therapy strategy for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yansha Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai, China
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12
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The Adler grade by Doppler ultrasound is associated with clinical pathology of cervical cancer: Implication for clinical management. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236725. [PMID: 32777812 PMCID: PMC7417192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship of Adler grade by transvaginal color Doppler flow imaging (TV-CDFI) and the clinical pathological parameters of patients with cervical cancer, and to identify the value of Adler grade in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. METHODS Patients with cervical cancer diagnosed pathologically in our hospital from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 were included, All patients underwent TV-CDFI examination, and the images were divided into 0 to III grades according to the Adler grades, and the correlations between the Adler classification and clinical pathological parameters (clinical stage, mass size, pathological type, squamous cell carcinoma subtype, CA125, CA199) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 162 patients with cervical cancer were included. With the increase of Adler severity, the clinical stage of cervical cancer increased accordingly. the cancer size differed significantly in patients with different Adler grade (p = 0.004); There were significant differences in the level of CA125, CA199 between the squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (all p<0.05). the Adler grade was positively related with the clinical stage, pathological type and squamous cell carcinoma subtypes of cervical cancer (all p<0.05), no correlations were found among the Adler grade and the cancer size, CA125, CA199 (all p>0.05). The area under ROC curve of the cervical squamous cell carcinoma predicted by Adler grade based on FIGO results and pathological results was 0.811and 0.762 respectively (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adler grades are closely associated with the clinical pathology of cervical cancer, which may be a convenient and effective approach for the assisting assessment of cervical cancer.
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13
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Sridharan A, Eisenbrey JR, Stanczak M, Machado P, Merton DA, Wilkes A, Sevrukov A, Ojeda-Fournier H, Mattrey RF, Wallace K, Forsberg F. Characterizing Breast Lesions Using Quantitative Parametric 3D Subharmonic Imaging: A Multicenter Study. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:1065-1074. [PMID: 31859210 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer among women. Visualization and characterization of breast lesions based on vascularity kinetics was evaluated using three-dimensional (3D) contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in a clinical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast lesions (n = 219) were imaged using power Doppler imaging (PDI), 3D contrast-enhanced harmonic imaging (HI), and 3D contrast-enhanced subharmonic imaging (SHI) with a modified Logiq 9 ultrasound scanner using a 4D10L transducer. Quantitative metrics of vascularity derived from 3D parametric volumes (based on contrast perfusion; PER and area under the curve; AUC) were generated by off-line processing of contrast wash-in and wash-out. Diagnostic accuracy of these quantitative vascular parameters was assessed with biopsy results as the reference standard. RESULTS Vascularity was observed with PDI in 93 lesions (69 benign and 24 malignant), 3D HI in 8 lesions (5 benign and 3 malignant), and 3D SHI in 83 lesions (58 benign and 25 malignant). Diagnostic accuracy for vascular heterogeneity, PER, and AUC ranged from 0.52 to 0.75, while the best logistical regression model (vascular heterogeneity ratio, central PER, and central AUC) reached 0.90. CONCLUSION 3D SHI successfully detects contrast agent flow in breast lesions and characterization of these lesions based on quantitative measures of vascular heterogeneity and 3D parametric volumes is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anush Sridharan
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John R Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Maria Stanczak
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Priscilla Machado
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Daniel A Merton
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Annina Wilkes
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Alexander Sevrukov
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | | | - Robert F Mattrey
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California
| | | | - Flemming Forsberg
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 763H Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
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14
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Son MJ, Kim S, Jung HK, Ko KH, Koh JE, Park AY. Can Ultrasonographic Vascular and Elastographic Features of Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma Predict Histologic Aggressiveness? Acad Radiol 2020; 27:487-496. [PMID: 31300357 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To investigate if preoperative ultrasonographic vascular and shear-wave elastographic examinations can predict histologic aggressiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative ultrasonographic vascular features and shear-wave elasticities were retrospectively evaluated for 147 invasive ductal carcinomas. Vascular feature was assessed using four-tier vascularity score. Mean and maximum elasticities (Emean and Emax), and the lesion-to-fat ratio (Eratio) were documented. Histologic parameters were reviewed for tumor size, multiplicity, axillary lymph node status, lymphovascular invasion, histologic grade, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2), Ki-67, p53, and histologic subtype. Vascularity score and elasticities were correlated with histologic parameters and histologic parameters were compared between the group with low vascularity score and elasticities and the group with high vascularity score and elasticities using ANOVA, chi-squared test, and regression analysis. RESULTS Vascularity score was independently associated with tumor size (p = 0.010) and HER2 (p = 0.007). Emean and Emax were associated with tumor size, histologic grade, and lymphovascular invasion, and Eratio was associated with tumor size, histologic grade, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Ki-67, and histologic subtype (p < 0.05). Emean and Emax were independently associated with tumor size (p < 0.001). The group with high vascularity score and Eratio showed large tumor size (p < 0.001) and HER2 positivity (p = 0.039) in comparison to the group with low vascularity score and Eratio. CONCLUSION Ultrasonographic vascular features were associated with tumor size and HER2. SWE elasticities were associated with tumor size, histologic grade, hormonal receptor, and histologic subtype. Therefore, preoperative vascular and elastographic examinations could predict histologic aggressiveness of invasive ductal breast carcinoma.
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15
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Higgins LE, Heazell AEP, Simcox LE, Johnstone ED. Intra-placental arterial Doppler: A marker of fetoplacental vascularity in late-onset placental disease? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020; 99:865-874. [PMID: 31943128 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Late-gestation adverse pregnancy outcome is associated with reduced placental villous vascularity but rarely with a frankly abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveform. The clinical utility of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in late gestation is limited by poor understanding of what aspect(s) of placental structure and function the impedance reflects. We hypothesized that placental arterial circulation impedance reflects placental vascularity and arterial function. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a secondary analysis of data from the FEMINA2 study, a study of pregnancy outcome after reduced fetal movement. Forty-three pregnancies that delivered within 7 days of ultrasound assessment were examined. Impedance was quantified by pulsatility index (PI) from umbilical, chorionic plate arteries, and intra-placental arteries. Site-specific PI was compared with villous vascularity (CD31 immunostaining) and placental arterial function (wire myography) by regression analysis (P < .01) where factor analysis suggested potential co-variance (Eigen value > 2). RESULTS Pulsatility index decreased with proximity to the placental microvasculature (P < .0001). Intra-placental artery PI correlated significantly with vessel number (R2 = 0.40, P = .0007). No significant relations between umbilical or chorionic plate artery PI and villous vascularity were found (P ≥ .11 and P ≥ .042). No significant co-variance was suggested between PI at any Doppler sampling site and ex vivo placental arterial function indices. Measurement reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) was highest in the umbilical artery (PI 0.75 and 0.50 for intra- and interoperator reliability, respectively) and lowest in the intra-placental arteries (PI 0.55 and 0.41, respectively). Systematic bias in umbilical artery PI was observed between observers, but not at other Doppler sampling sites. CONCLUSIONS More vascular placentas ex vivo are associated with reduced intra-placental artery Doppler impedance in utero. Although umbilical (but not intra-placental) artery Doppler PI is associated with adverse outcome after reduced fetal movement, this predictive ability does not appear to be through assessment of placental vascularity or chorionic plate arterial function. The inferior reliability of intra-placental artery Doppler, although similar to previously published reliability of umbilical artery Doppler, impairs its ability to detect subtle differences in placental vascularity, and must be significantly improved before it could be considered a clinically useful test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy E Higgins
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Center, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander E P Heazell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Center, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise E Simcox
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Center, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, UK
| | - Edward D Johnstone
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Center, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, UK
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16
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Park AY, Kwon M, Woo OH, Cho KR, Park EK, Cha SH, Song SE, Lee JH, Cha J, Son GS, Seo BK. A Prospective Study on the Value of Ultrasound Microflow Assessment to Distinguish Malignant from Benign Solid Breast Masses: Association between Ultrasound Parameters and Histologic Microvessel Densities. Korean J Radiol 2020; 20:759-772. [PMID: 30993927 PMCID: PMC6470080 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of ultrasound (US) microflow assessment in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses as well as the association between US parameters and histologic microvessel density (MVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-eight breast masses (57 benign and 41 malignant) were examined using Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) before biopsy. Two radiologists evaluated the quantitative and qualitative vascular parameters on SMI (vascular index, morphology, distribution, and penetration) and CEUS (time-intensity curve analysis and enhancement characteristics). US parameters were compared between benign and malignant masses and the diagnostic performance was compared between SMI and CEUS. Subgroup analysis was performed according to lesion size. The effect of vascular parameters on downgrading Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4A masses was evaluated. The association between histologic MVD and US parameters was analyzed. RESULTS Malignant masses were associated with a higher vascular index (15.1 ± 7.3 vs. 5.9 ± 5.6), complex vessel morphology (82.9% vs. 42.1%), central vascularity (95.1% vs. 59.6%), penetrating vessels (80.5% vs. 31.6%) on SMI (all, p < 0.001), as well as higher peak intensity (37.1 ± 25.7 vs. 17.0 ± 15.8, p < 0.001), slope (10.6 ± 11.2 vs. 3.9 ± 4.2, p = 0.001), area (1035.7 ± 726.9 vs. 458.2 ± 410.2, p < 0.001), hyperenhancement (95.1% vs. 70.2%, p = 0.005), centripetal enhancement (70.7% vs. 45.6%, p = 0.023), penetrating vessels (65.9% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.001), and perfusion defects (31.7% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001) on CEUS (p ≤ 0.023). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of SMI and CEUS were 0.853 and 0.841, respectively (p = 0.803). In 19 masses measuring < 10 mm, central vascularity on SMI was associated with malignancy (100% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.018). Considering all benign SMI parameters on the BI-RADS assessment, unnecessary biopsies could be avoided in 12 category 4A masses with improved AUCs (0.500 vs. 0.605, p < 0.001). US vascular parameters associated with malignancy showed higher MVD (p ≤ 0.016). MVD was higher in malignant masses than in benign masses, and malignant masses negative for estrogen receptor or positive for Ki67 had higher MVD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION US microflow assessment using SMI and CEUS is valuable in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses, and US vascular parameters are associated with histologic MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Park
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Myoungae Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ok Hee Woo
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Ran Cho
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Park
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Cha
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Song
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - JaeHyung Cha
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Gil Soo Son
- Division of Breast Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Seo
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea.
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17
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Bucharskaya AB, Maslyakova GN, Chekhonatskaya ML, Terentyuk GS, Navolokin NA, Khlebtsov BN, Khlebtsov NG, Bashkatov AN, Genina EA, Tuchin VV. Plasmonic photothermal therapy: Approaches to advanced strategy. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:1025-1033. [PMID: 30024039 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of recent studies on plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) after intravenous administration of gold nanorods (GNRs) has demonstrated that the effectiveness of nanoparticle-assisted laser hyperthermia depends on a correct dosage strategy of nanoparticle administration. Accumulation of GNRs in tumor tissue dramatically increases the local heating of the tumor without damage to healthy tissues. However, the optimal doses of GNR intravenous injections (IVIs) for effective accumulation in tumors, and optimal protocols of PPT are not designed yet. The current study aims to improve the efficacy of PPT in tumor-bearing rats using multiple fractional intravenous administration of GNRs. MATERIALS AND METHODS For PPT experiments, the GNRs with aspect ratio of 4.1 were functionalized with thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG) and their suspensions were used for multiple fractional intravenous administration in outbred albino male rats with experimental model of rat liver cancer (cholangiocarcinoma line PC-1). Doppler ultrasonography was performed to characterize the vascularity of transplanted rat tumors before any treatment. After a final injection of GNRs, tumor was irradiated during 15 minutes by 808-nm NIR diode laser at a power density 2.3 W/cm2 . The animals were withdrawn from the experiment and sampling of tissues for morphological study and gold accumulation was performed 24 hours and 3 weeks after PPT. RESULTS The multiple IVIs of gold nanorods and further PPT of transplanted cholangiocarcinoma provided significant damage to tumor tissue resulting in pronounced necrotic mass and retardation of the tumor growth. More importantly, the proposed PPT protocol had low toxicity as evidenced by histological examination of internal organs. The efficiency of PPT depends on the presence of newly formed vasculature as revealed by the Doppler ultrasound investigation. CONCLUSION The repeatable IVIs promote greater of GNR accumulation within the tumor thus resulting in higher PPT efficacy. Accompanying ultrasonography can be useful for prognosis and monitoring of treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:1025-1033, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Georgy S Terentyuk
- State Medical University, 112, B. Kazachya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Saratov State Medical University (National Research University), 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | | | - Boris N Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms RAS, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Nikolai G Khlebtsov
- Saratov State Medical University (National Research University), 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms RAS, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Alexey N Bashkatov
- Saratov State Medical University (National Research University), 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control RAS, 24 Rabochaya, Saratov 410028, Russia
| | - Elina A Genina
- Saratov State Medical University (National Research University), 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control RAS, 24 Rabochaya, Saratov 410028, Russia
| | - Valery V Tuchin
- Saratov State Medical University (National Research University), 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, Tomsk State University (National Research University), Tomsk 634050, Russia.,Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control RAS, 24 Rabochaya, Saratov 410028, Russia
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Park A, Seo B, Woo O, Jung K, Cho K, Park E, Cha S, Cha J. The utility of ultrasound superb microvascular imaging for evaluation of breast tumour vascularity: comparison with colour and power Doppler imaging regarding diagnostic performance. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:304-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Leng X, Huang G, Ma F, Yao L. Regional Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) Characteristics of Breast Cancer and Correlation with Microvessel Density (MVD). Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:3428-3436. [PMID: 28708818 PMCID: PMC5523962 DOI: 10.12659/msm.901734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the perfusion characteristics of different breast lesion regions in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Material/Methods A total of 161 malignant and benign breast lesion cases were subjected to CEUS. Perfusion parameters were analyzed and compared between the central and peripheral lesion regions, and surrounding tissue. Mass section was marked with methylene blue. Samples were subjected to immunohistochemistry, and microvessel density (MVD) was calculated. Results There were significant differences in perfusion performance between the central and peripheral lesion regions, and surrounding tissue. In the malignant tumors, the fast-in and fast-out pattern was the most common type in the peripheral region (57.98%), while the slow-in and slow-out patterns were the major types in the central region and surrounding tissue (49.58% and 57.98%, respectively). Compared with the surrounding tissue, the peripheral region in the cancers exhibited hyperechoic enhancement and fast-in and slow-out pattern, with large area under the curve (AUC), while the central region showed isoechoic enhancement and equally-in and slow-out pattern, with large AUC. In the benign lesions, the peripheral region exhibited hyperechoic enhancement and fast-in and fast-out pattern, with small AUC, while the central region showed isoechoic enhancement and equally-in and -out pattern, with the same AUC value. Moreover, the perfusion parameters in the central and peripheral regions were significantly associated with MVD. Conclusions It is more objective to evaluate the perfusion performance of breast lesions with the reference of surrounding tissue. Compared with the central region, the peripheral region could better reflect the perfusion characteristics of malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Leng
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Guofu Huang
- Department of Radio-Chemotherapy, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Fucheng Ma
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lanhui Yao
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
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Yongfeng Z, Ping Z, Wengang L, Yang S, Shuangming T. Application of a Novel Microvascular Imaging Technique in Breast Lesion Evaluation. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:2097-2105. [PMID: 27321174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional power Doppler imaging (PDI) and the novel Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) technique were applied to observe the distribution of microvessels in 135 breast lesions, using semi-quantitative grading, penetrating vessel evaluation and flow distribution pattern to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. Compared with PDI, SMI detected more flow signals and details of microvessels. Further, when a centrally distributed branching or diffusing mode was used as a criterion for diagnosing malignancy, SMI improved diagnosis of breast masses. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of SMI-assessed flow distribution were 85.4%, 92.6%, 83.3% and 93.5%, respectively, compared with 70.7%, 92.6%, 80.5% and 87.9% for PDI. We also found that flow distribution pattern analysis is superior to semi-quantitative grading and the penetrating vessel method in differentiating malignant breast lesions. Our work here further supports SMI as a novel and promising technique in visualizing microvasculature in breast lesions that may be of paramount use in initial diagnosis as well as follow-up assessment in various treatment regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yongfeng
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhou Ping
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China.
| | - Liu Wengang
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Shao Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Tian Shuangming
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer among women (25% of all cancers). The angiogenic process that fuels the growth of tumors is a potential early indicator for differentiating between malignant and benign tumors. Recently, the use of microbubble-based contrast agents combined with ultrasound has allowed the development of contrast agent-specific imaging modes that provide visualization of tumor neovascularity. CONCLUSION Contrast-enhanced Doppler, harmonic, and subharmonic imaging are some of the imaging modes that have been investigated for visualizing and quantifying the vascularity in breast tumors.
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Yao JJ, Zhan WW, Chen M, Zhang XX, Zhu Y, Fei XC, Chen XS. Sonographic Features of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast With Microinvasion: Correlation With Clinicopathologic Findings and Biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2015; 34:1761-1768. [PMID: 26324758 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.14.07059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the sonographic results, clinicopathologic characteristics, and biomarkers in pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast and DCIS with microinvasion. METHODS A total of 218 patients with pathologically proven DCIS based on sonography in our hospital (2009-2013) were retrospectively enrolled. Clinicopathologic characteristics and biomarkers were examined. Grayscale sonographic results were investigated according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon, and color Doppler sonography was used to assess the vascularization distribution and degree. All variables were compared by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS All patients were female, with a mean age of 55.3 years (range, 32-78 years). One hundred sixty patients with 160 lesions had pure DCIS, and 58 patients with 58 lesions had DCIS with microinvasion. Ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion was more likely to have sentinel lymph node metastases, larger tumors, a higher tumor grade, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity, and a high Ki-67 index (all P < .05). Univariate analysis showed that DCIS with microinvasion was more likely to be hypoechoic with microcalcifications, have a mixed vascularization distribution (equal peripheral and internal blood flow signals), and have a high degree of vascularization (at least 2 penetrating vessels; all P < .05). Multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of microcalcifications and a high degree of vascularization were significantly and independently associated with microinvasion (both P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DCIS with microinvasion is more likely to have microcalcifications and a high degree of vascularization than pure DCIS. Patients with these sonographic features are more likely to have a high tumor grade, sentinel lymph node metastases, larger tumors, a high Ki-67 index, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Jie Yao
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhan
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Man Chen
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhang
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Fei
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song Chen
- Departments of Ultrasound (J.-J.Y., W.-W.Z., M.C., X.-X.Z., Y.Z.,) and Pathology (X.-C.F.) and Comprehensive Breast Health Center (X.-S.C.), Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Sreerangaiah D, Grayer M, Fisher BA, Ho M, Abraham S, Taylor PC. Quantitative power Doppler ultrasound measures of peripheral joint synovitis in poor prognosis early rheumatoid arthritis predict radiographic progression. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 55:89-93. [PMID: 26316580 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of quantitative vascular imaging by power Doppler US (PDUS) as a tool that can be used to stratify patient risk of joint damage in early seropositive RA while still biologic naive but on synthetic DMARD treatment. METHODS Eighty-five patients with seropositive RA of <3 years duration had clinical, laboratory and imaging assessments at 0 and 12 months. Imaging assessments consisted of radiographs of the hands and feet, two-dimensional (2D) high-frequency and PDUS imaging of 10 MCP joints that were scored for erosions and vascularity and three-dimensional (3D) PDUS of MCP joints and wrists that were scored for vascularity. RESULTS Severe deterioration on radiographs and ultrasonography was seen in 45 and 28% of patients, respectively. The 3D power Doppler volume and 2D vascularity scores were the most useful US predictors of deterioration. These variables were modelled in two equations that estimate structural damage over 12 months. The equations had a sensitivity of 63.2% and specificity of 80.9% for predicting radiographic structural damage and a sensitivity of 54.2% and specificity of 96.7% for predicting structural damage on ultrasonography. CONCLUSION In seropositive early RA, quantitative vascular imaging by PDUS has clinical utility in predicting which patients will derive benefit from early use of biologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meilien Ho
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Cheshire and
| | - Sonya Abraham
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Imperial College
| | - Peter C Taylor
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Zhou Q, Jiang J, Shang X, Zhang HL, Ma WQ, Xu YB, Wang H, Li M. Correlation of contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic features with microvessel density in papillary thyroid carcinomas. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:7449-52. [PMID: 25227857 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.7449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic (CEUS) features with microvessel density (MVD) in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) was performed in 62 patients (17 men and 45 women) with PTC. Tomtec software was applied to analyze the time intensity curve of CEUS. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the level of MVD in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Then the relationship between quantitative feature and the level of MVD was analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. RESULTS The mean peak intensity of PTC tissues was lower than that of peripheral thyroid parenchyma (61.9 ± 11.8% vs 100%, p < 0.05). The MVDs of CD34 and CD31 antibodies staining were 38.0 ± 6.1 and 37.9 ± 5.1 respectively in 62 PTC samples. A significantly positive correlation was observed between peak intensity and MVD in PTC tissues (PCD34 < 0.01, rCD34 = 0.838, PCD31 < 0.01, rCD31 = 0.837). CONCLUSIONS The peak intensity in CEUS could reflect the MVD in PTC tissues. Therefore, quantification of CEUS seems to be helpful for assessment of MVD in PTC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China E-mail :
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Chang YC, Huang YS, Huang CS, Chen JH, Chang RF. Intrinsic subtypes and tumor grades in breast cancer are associated with distinct 3-D power Doppler sonographic vascular features. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83:1368-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Choe R, Putt ME, Carlile PM, Durduran T, Giammarco JM, Busch DR, Jung KW, Czerniecki BJ, Tchou J, Feldman MD, Mies C, Rosen MA, Schnall MD, DeMichele A, Yodh AG. Optically measured microvascular blood flow contrast of malignant breast tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99683. [PMID: 24967878 PMCID: PMC4072684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular blood flow contrast is an important hemodynamic and metabolic parameter with potential to enhance in vivo breast cancer detection and therapy monitoring. Here we report on non-invasive line-scan measurements of malignant breast tumors with a hand-held optical probe in the remission geometry. The probe employs diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), a near-infrared optical method that quantifies deep tissue microvascular blood flow. Tumor-to-normal perfusion ratios are derived from thirty-two human subjects. Mean (95% confidence interval) tumor-to-normal ratio using surrounding normal tissue was 2.25 (1.92–2.63); tumor-to-normal ratio using normal tissues at the corresponding tumor location in the contralateral breast was 2.27 (1.94–2.66), and using normal tissue in the contralateral breast was 2.27 (1.90–2.70). Thus, the mean tumor-to-normal ratios were significantly different from unity irrespective of the normal tissue chosen, implying that tumors have significantly higher blood flow than normal tissues. Therefore, the study demonstrates existence of breast cancer contrast in blood flow measured by DCS. The new, optically accessible cancer contrast holds potential for cancer detection and therapy monitoring applications, and it is likely to be especially useful when combined with diffuse optical spectroscopy/tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mary E. Putt
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter M. Carlile
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Joseph M. Giammarco
- Department of Astronomy & Physics, Eastern University, St. Davids, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David R. Busch
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ki Won Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian J. Czerniecki
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia Tchou
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Mies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mitchell D. Schnall
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Correlation between three-dimensional ultrasound features and pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:1186-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Heppner P, Lindner JR. Contrast ultrasound assessment of angiogenesis by perfusion and molecular imaging. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 5:447-55. [PMID: 15934820 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.5.3.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in the development of noninvasive methods for imaging angiogenic responses. Strategies for assessing angiogenesis have primarily relied on measuring perfusion-related characteristics, such as total blood flow or microvascular volume, or detecting abnormal vascular permeability. Techniques are now being developed that are capable of imaging the cellular and molecular alterations associated with neovessel growth and development. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a noninvasive imaging method that has great promise in terms of its ability to characterize changes in either microvascular perfusion or vascular endothelial phenotype. Techniques for evaluating perfusion by contrast ultrasound rely on the measurement of both microvascular blood volume and velocity. Accordingly, this technique can provide unique information on abnormalities in microvascular density and perfusion associated with adaptive and pathologic angiogenesis. Contrast ultrasound methods for imaging vascular phenotype during angiogenesis have also been developed by surface conjugation of ligands against endothelial cell markers of vascular development such as alpha(v)-integrins and growth factor receptors. Due to the high resolution of the technique and the rapid imaging protocols, there is great enthusiasm for the continued development and testing of these techniques. For perfusion imaging, translation to the clinical setting is already taking place, whereas molecular imaging faces many more hurdles in terms of safety and testing efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Heppner
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Box 800158, Cardiovascular Division, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Narunsky L, Oren R, Bochner F, Neeman M. Imaging aspects of the tumor stroma with therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 141:192-208. [PMID: 24134903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on extensive support from the stroma in order to survive, proliferate and invade. The tumor stroma is thus an important potential target for anti-cancer therapy. Typical changes in the stroma include a shift from the quiescence promoting-antiangiogenic extracellular matrix to a provisional matrix that promotes invasion and angiogenesis. These changes in the extracellular matrix are induced by changes in the secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and glucose amino glycans, extravasation of plasma proteins from hyperpermeable vessels and release of matrix modifying enzymes resulting in cleavage and cross-linking of matrix macromolecules. These in turn alter the rigidity of the matrix and the exposure and release of cytokines. Changes in matrix rigidity and vessel permeability affect drug delivery and mediate resistance to cytotoxic therapy. These stroma changes are brought about not only by the cancer cells, but also through the action of many cell types that are recruited by tumors including immune cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Within the tumor, these normal host cells are activated resulting in loss of inhibitory and induction of cancer promoting activities. Key to the development of stroma-targeted therapies, selective biomarkers were developed for specific imaging of key aspects of the tumor stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Narunsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Filip Bochner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Neeman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Chang YC, Huang YH, Huang CS, Chang RF. Vascular morphology and tortuosity analysis of breast tumor inside and outside contour by 3-D power Doppler ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2012; 38:1859-69. [PMID: 22975041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate morphologic and tortuous features of vessels inside and outside the tumor region on three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in 113 breast mass lesions, including 60 benign and 53 malignant tumors. Compared with benign lesions, malignant breast lesions had significantly larger values of vascular morphologic and tortuous features and larger tumor sizes. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Student's t-test were used to estimate the performance of a proposed classification system using 13 vascular features and tumor size selected by the neural network. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the A(Z) value of the diagnosis performance based on 14 features were 89.38% (101/113), 84.91% (45/53), 93.33% (56/60), 91.84% (45/49), 87.50% (56/64) and 0.9188, respectively. The three-dimensional PDUS morphologic and tortuous characteristics of blood vessels inside and outside breast mass lesions can be effectively used to classify benign and malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeun-Chung Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan Univesity Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shen ZY, Hu B, Wu MF. Correlation between Blood Flow Signal of Color Flow Imaging and Nottingham Prognostic Index in Patients with Breast Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 7:126-130. [PMID: 22740799 DOI: 10.1159/000337766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood supply detected by Doppler ultrasound and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) in breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 137 patients with breast carcinoma, who had undergone color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and surgery, were involved in this retrospective study. CDFI was divided into 4 levels: absent (grade 0), minimal (grade 1), moderate (grade 2), and marked (grade 3). NPI was calculated as: NPI = 0.2 × tumor size (cm) + grade (I-III) + lymph node score (1-3). All patients were followed until the final observation (July 2010), or until the time of death. The survival state of the patients was divided into 3 categories: healthy survival, metastasis, and death. RESULTS: Blood signal grades were positively correlated with NPI (Spearman r = 0.55926, p < 0.0001) and survival state (χ(2) = 9.0248, p < 0.01). Patients with abundant blood flow signal (grade 2-3) had a significantly shorter overall survival than did those with limited blood flow signal (grade 0-1) (χ(2) = 5.0384, p = 0.0248). CONCLUSION: Flow signal measured by Doppler ultrasound may be useful as a prognostic indicator for patients with breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Shen
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai, Jiangsu Nantong, China
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Transvaginal power Doppler sonography can discriminate between benign and malignant endometrial conditions in women with postmenopausal bleeding. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Sammet S, Evans KD, Irfanoglu MO, Strapp A, Machiraju R. The feasibility of hybrid automatic segmentation of axillary lymph nodes from a 3-D sonogram. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2011; 37:2075-2085. [PMID: 22033128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of manual segmentation of lymph nodes, within an ultrasound image, is challenging due to operator dependency and speckle. A group of 23 healthy female volunteers consented to a short imaging session to capture a maximum of three axillary lymph nodes. A feasibility study was completed using both automatic and manual segmentation techniques to analyze a sample of 45, three-dimensional (3-D) nodal volume sets. Level-set segmentation based on geodesic active contours and shape-space learning based on a level-set segmentation approach was used to capture global node shapes. Most of the image feature based segmentation methods failed; however, a more precise automatic segmentation algorithm was obtained using a superimposed shape model. Shape model based segmentation significantly improved the segmentation compared with standard level sets. The best segmentation results were achieved when an experienced sonographer assisted with setting seed surfaces. The initialization of seed surfaces improved the capture of the global shape and lymphatic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Sammet
- The Ohio State University Department of Radiology, Columbus, OH, USA
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Power Doppler breast ultrasound: association of vascularization and ER/c-erbB-2 co-expression in invasive breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer 2011; 20:152-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-011-0317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine W Piccoli
- Women's Imaging, South Jersey Radiology Associates, Voorhees, NJ 08043, USA.
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Eisenbrey JR, Forsberg F. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for molecular imaging of angiogenesis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 37 Suppl 1:S138-46. [PMID: 20461376 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-010-1449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular imaging of angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound allows for functional, real-time, inexpensive imaging of angiogenesis. The addition of stabilized microbubbles as contrast agents greatly improves ultrasound signal to noise ratio/signal strength/image quality (up to 25 dB) and allows for imaging of angiogenic vasculature. METHODS In this article recent advances in the usage of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for molecular imaging of angiogenesis are reviewed. RESULTS The usage of commercially available agents and correlations between their imaging parameters and molecular markers of angiogenesis are reviewed. Recent developments in ultrasound contrast agents targeted to angiogenic markers for both diagnosis and monitoring are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of the emerging field of chemotherapeutic-loaded agents, which can be used with ultrasound-triggered drug delivery, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, 132 South 10th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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Dar P, Gebb J, Reimers L, Bernstein PS, Chazotte C, Merkatz IR. First-trimester 3-dimensional power Doppler of the uteroplacental circulation space: a potential screening method for preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203:238.e1-7. [PMID: 20643389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare 3-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) of the uteroplacental circulation space (UPCS) in the first trimester between women who develop preeclampsia (PEC) and those who do not and to assess the 3DPD method as a screening tool for PEC. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective observational study of singleton pregnancies at 10 weeks 4 days to 13 weeks 6 days. The 3DPD indices, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI), were determined on a UPSC sphere biopsy with the virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) program. RESULTS Of 277 women enrolled, 24 developed PEC. The 3DPD indices were lower in women who developed PEC. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve for the prediction of PEC was 78.9%, 77.6%, and 79.6% for VI, FI, and VFI, respectively. CONCLUSION Patients who develop PEC have lower 3DPD indices of their UPCS during the first trimester. Our findings suggest that this ultrasonographic tool has the potential to predict the development of PEC.
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Singh G, Kumar P, Parshad R, Seith A, Thulkar S, Hosten N. Role of color Doppler indices in predicting disease-free survival of breast cancer patients during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eur J Radiol 2010; 75:e158-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sellers López F, Orozco-Beltran D, Gil-Guillen V, Lozano J, Palacios A, Bernabeu R. Analysis of Placental Vascularization by Means of 3D Power Doppler in Women Pregnant Following Oocyte Donation. Reprod Sci 2010; 17:754-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719110371013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Sellers López
- Bernabeu Institute of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain,
| | | | | | - J.M. Lozano
- Bernabeu Institute of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - A. Palacios
- Bernabeu Institute of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R. Bernabeu
- Bernabeu Institute of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain, Reproductive Health Cathedra, Miguel Hernandez University, Elche, Spain
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Razek AAKA, Gaballa G, Denewer A, Nada N. Invasive ductal carcinoma: correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient value with pathological prognostic factors. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2010; 23:619-623. [PMID: 20232453 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to correlate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of invasive ductal carcinoma with pathological prognostic factors. A prospective study was conducted on 59 untreated female patients (mean age 46 years) with invasive ductal carcinoma. All patients were examined at 1.5 Tesla using dedicated bilateral breast coil. They underwent diffusion weighted MR imaging of the breast using a single shot echo planar imaging with a b-factor of 200 and 400 sec/mm2. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were reconstructed. The ADC value of the breast cancer was calculated and correlated with the pathologic prognostic factors (tumor size, grade and lymph nodes). The mean ADC values of invasive ductal carcinoma were significantly lower in patients with high grade, large breast cancer as well as those with axillary lymph nodes metastasis in a statistically significant way (p = 0.001 for the three factors). The mean ADC value of invasive ductal carcinoma was correlated with histologic grade (r = -0.675, p = 0.001), tumor size (r = 0.504, p = 0.001) and showed lower ADC values with positive lymph node metastasis. Apparent diffusion coefficient value is correlated with pathological parameters of invasive ductal carcinoma. The lower ADC values are associated with higher histological grade, larger tumor size and presence of axillary lymph nodes. So, the ADC value can be considered as a promising prognostic parameter that may identify highly aggressive breast cancer.
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Turkbey B, Kobayashi H, Ogawa M, Bernardo M, Choyke PL. Imaging of tumor angiogenesis: functional or targeted? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193:304-13. [PMID: 19620425 PMCID: PMC3523171 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.09.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiogenesis--the growth of new vessels--is both a normal physiologic response and a critical step in many pathologic processes, particularly cancer. Imaging has long relied on the different enhancement characteristics of cancer compared with normal tissue; the information generated is often primarily morphologic and qualitative. However, more quantitative methods based on functional and targeted imaging have recently emerged. CONCLUSION In this article, we review both functional and targeted imaging techniques for assessing tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., MSC 1182, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
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Liu H, Jiang YX, Liu JB, Zhu QL, Sun Q, Chang XY. Contrast-enhanced breast ultrasonography: imaging features with histopathologic correlation. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2009; 28:911-920. [PMID: 19546333 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2009.28.7.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify histopathologic correlates for the varied appearances of breast masses on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). METHODS Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed in 104 patients (age range, 19-86 years) after administration of a sulfur hexafluoride microbubble contrast agent, and enhancement patterns were classified as no enhancement, peripheral enhancement, homogeneous enhancement, regional enhancement, and heterogeneous enhancement. All patients' histologic slides were reviewed and correlated with CEUS findings. RESULTS In malignant masses, heterogeneous enhancement corresponded to tumor cell cords or clusters in a variable amount of desmoplastic stroma. Homogeneous enhancement corresponded to hypercellularity in the whole mass, or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was predominant. Regional enhancement corresponded to a DCIS component. Peripheral enhancement corresponded to a DCIS component, hypercellularity or adenosis at the periphery, and low-degree cellularity, degeneration, fibrosis, or necrosis in the center. No enhancement was present in 1 case of low-grade DCIS. In benign masses, heterogeneous enhancement corresponded to loose cell proliferation in a more sclerotic stroma. Homogeneous enhancement corresponded to diffuse hypercellularity, an inflammatory cell infiltrate, or intraductal papilloma. Regional enhancement corresponded to focal hypercellularity or intraductal papilloma within a dilated duct. No enhancement corresponded to desmoplastic stroma. Peripheral enhancement was shown in 1 case of granulomatous mastitis with an inflammatory infiltrate at the periphery and necrosis in the center. CONCLUSIONS Breast mass CEUS findings correlated with histologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cosgrove D, Lassau N. [Assessment of tumour angiogenesis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 90:156-64. [PMID: 19212283 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(09)70094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microbubbles are useful for imaging tumour angiogenesis and relatively crude forms of this approach are now routinely used for subjective diagnosis, especially in the liver. More sophisticated methods use quantitative approaches to measure the amount and the time course of bolus or reperfusion curves and have shown great promise in revealing effective tumour response to anti-angiogenic drugs in humans before tumour shrinkage occurs. These are beginning to be accepted into clinical practice. In the long term, targeted microbubbles for molecular imaging and eventually for directed anti-tumour therapy are expected to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cosgrove
- Imaging Sciences Department, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W120HS, UK.
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Hsiao YH, Huang YL, Liang WM, Lin C, Kuo SJ, Chen DR. Characterization of benign and malignant solid breast masses: harmonic versus nonharmonic 3D power Doppler imaging. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2009; 35:353-359. [PMID: 19041173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of nonharmonic ultrasound (US) and tissue harmonic imaging (THI) using three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler sonographic technique to classify benign and malignant breast tumors by vascularization. From January 2003 to February 2004, we evaluated 200 patients and one of lobular carcinoma in situ was excluded from the malignant category. One hundred and ninety-nine subjects were enrolled. All subjects with one or more breast masses were studied with 3D power Doppler US nonharmonic and harmonic technologies. Sixteen of 199 subjects were excluded because masses exceeded 3 cm limit of our US probe's footprint (n = 5) or no harmonic Doppler information (n = 11). A total of 97 benign and 86 pathologically proven malignant breast tumor images were analyzed. 3D power Doppler US imaging was performed using a Voluson730 US system. Three histogram indices, the vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization-flow index (VFI), on both nonharmonic and harmonic images were calculated for the intratumor and for shells with an outside thickness of 3 mm surrounding the breast lesion. A multilayer perception (MLP) neural network classifier used the vascularity indices to determine whether the breast tumors are benign or malignant. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are performed to estimate the diagnostic performances for nonharmonic and harmonic methods. ROC curve analysis used overall age, volume, VI, FI and VFI for both intratumor and shells with an outside thickness of 3 mm surrounding the breast lesions in nonharmonic US and THI. The area under the ROC curve (A(Z)) was 0.9086 and 0.9009 (p = 0.3770). The sensitivity was 90.7% and 83.7% (p = 0.72), respectively, and the specificity was 92.8% and 92.8% (p = 1.00), respectively. In conclusion, the performance of 3D power Doppler US with respect to the characterization of solid breast masses as benign or malignant was not significantly improved with tissue harmonic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Changes in tumor vascularity depicted by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography as a predictor of chemotherapeutic effect in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2009; 38:30-5. [PMID: 19117085 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318183ff73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to assess changes in tumor vascularity using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in patients with pancreatic carcinoma under systemic chemotherapy and to examine the correlation among vascular change, clinicopathologic factors, and outcome. METHODS Forty-one consecutive patients with histopathologically confirmed pancreatic carcinoma who had distant metastases and were under systemic chemotherapy were recruited. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed before and after 1 and 2 cycles of treatment.The vascular signals from the tumor were continuously recorded,and the highest signal intensity was selected and classified into 5 categories by their intensity. RESULTS As for the tumor response determined by dynamic computed tomography after 2 cycles, 6 patients showed a partial response, 25 remained stable, and in 10 patients, the disease progressed. A significant relationship was observed between vascular change after 1 cycle and tumor response (P G 0.001). Progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly short in the case of patients showing increased vascularity after 1 and 2 cycles of chemotherapy, compared with those who did not (P G 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was useful to evaluate tumor vascular changes and thereby the effect of systemic chemotherapy, as well as the prognosis of patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma.
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Correlation of quantified contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasonography with immunofluorescent analysis of microvessel density in spontaneous canine tumours. Vet J 2008; 183:58-62. [PMID: 18922713 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Conventionally, tumour vascularity is assessed invasively by immunofluorescent analysis. Quantified contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound has been used to measure tumour angiogenesis non-invasively in humans and experimental animals. The purpose of this study was to correlate quantified contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound with immunofluorescent results in 45 spontaneous canine tumours. With power Doppler, mean vascularity was high in squamous cell carcinomas, moderate in malignant oral melanomas and low in sarcomas. There was high mean vascularity in squamous cell carcinomas and low mean vascularity in sarcomas and malignant oral melanomas. Although Doppler parameters correlated moderately with microvascular density for all tumours (P=0.004, r=0.4), they did not correlate within histology groups. These analyses show that vascularity differs among canine tumour histology groups. However, dependent on the method used, measurement of tumour vascularity can provide different biological information.
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Forsberg F, Kuruvilla B, Pascua MB, Chaudhari MH, Merton DA, Palazzo JP, Goldberg BB. Comparing contrast-enhanced color flow imaging and pathological measures of breast lesion vascularity. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2008; 34:1365-72. [PMID: 18436369 PMCID: PMC2556965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare quantifiable measures of vascularity obtained from contrast-enhanced color flow images of breast lesions to pathologic vascularity measurements. Nineteen patients with solid breast masses received Levovist Injection (10 mL at 300 mg/mL; Berlex Laboratories, Montville, NJ, USA). Color flow images of the mass pre and post contrast were obtained using an HDI 3000 scanner (Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, WA, USA) optimized for clinical scanning on an individual basis. After surgical removal, specimens were sectioned in the same planes as the ultrasound images and stained with an endothelial cell marker (CD31). Microvessel area (MVA) and intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) were determined for vessels 10-19 microm, 20-29 microm, 30-39 microm, 40-49 microm and > or =50 microm in diameter using a microscope and image processing software. From the ultrasound images, the number of color pixels before and after contrast administration relative to the total area of the breast mass was calculated as a first-order measure of fractional tumor vascularity. Vascularity measures were compared using reverse stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. In total, 58 pathology slides (with 8,106 frames) and 185 ultrasound images were analyzed. There was a significant increase in flow visualization pre to post Levovist injection (p = 0.001), but no differences were found between the 11 benign and the eight malignant lesions (p > 0.35). Ultrasound vascularity measurements post contrast correlated significantly with pathology (0.15 < or = r2 < or = 0.46; p < 0.03). The 30-39 microm vessel range contributed most significantly to the MVD relationship (p < 0.001), whereas the MVA was mainly influenced by vessels 20-29 microm (p < 0.004). Precontrast ultrasound only correlated with pathology for relative MVA (r2 = 0.16; p = 0.01). In conclusion, contrast-enhanced color flow imaging provides a noninvasive measure of breast tumor neovascularity, corresponding mainly to vessels 20-39 microm in diameter, when used in a typical clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flemming Forsberg
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Kuo SJ, Hsiao YH, Huang YL, Chen DR. Classification of benign and malignant breast tumors using neural networks and three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2008; 32:97-102. [PMID: 18521971 DOI: 10.1002/uog.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of solid breast tumors using a neural network model as a classifier. METHODS Data from 102 benign and 93 malignant breast tumor images that had pathological confirmation were collected consecutively from January 2003 to February 2004. We used 3D power Doppler ultrasound to calculate three indices (vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI)) for the tumor itself and for the tumor plus a 3-mm shell surrounding it. These data were applied to a multilayer perception (MLP) neural network model and we evaluated the model as a classifier to assess the capability of 3D power Doppler sonography to differentiate between benign and malignant solid breast tumors. RESULTS The accuracy of the MLP model for classifying malignancy was 84.6%, the sensitivity was 90.3%, the specificity was 79.4%, the positive predictive value was 80.0% and the negative predictive value was 90.0%. When the neural network was used to combine the three 3D power Doppler indices, the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve was 0.89. CONCLUSIONS 3D power Doppler ultrasound may serve as a useful tool in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast tumors, and its capability may be increased by using a MLP neural network model as a classifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Kuo
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Surgical Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Kuo WH, Chen CN, Hsieh FJ, Shyu MK, Chang LY, Lee PH, Liu LYD, Cheng CH, Wang J, Chang KJ. Vascularity change and tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2008; 34:857-866. [PMID: 18374468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
For advanced breast cancer with severe local disease (ABC) (stage III/IV), neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves local control and surgical outcome. However, about approximately 20 to 30% of advanced cancers show either no or poor response to chemotherapy. To prevent unnecessary treatment, a capability of predicting clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of ABC is highly desirable. Vascularity index (VI) of breast cancers was derived from the quantification results in 30 ABC patients by using power Doppler sonography. Power Doppler sonography evaluation was performed every one to two weeks during chemotherapy. The overall response rate for 30 advanced patients tested was 70%, when 50% or more reduction in tumor size was the objective clinical response. Chemotherapy response was unrelated to the original tumor size (p = 0.563) or chemotherapy agents used (p = 0.657). The median VI for all 30 patients was 4.99%. The response rates for hypervascular tumors vs. hypovascular tumors, based on initial median value, were 86.7% and 53.3%, respectively (p = 0.109). The average VIs in responders and nonresponders were 7.67 +/- 4.77% and 4.01 +/- 3.82% (p = 0.052). There was a tendency for responders who have a relatively high initial vascularity. The VI change in responder group shows a pattern of initial increasing in vascularity followed by decreasing in vascularity. All patients (17/17) with a VI increment of >5% during chemotherapy had good chemotherapy response, whereas in patients with a VI increment of <5%, the response rate was 30.8% (4/13) (p < 0.001). For patients with a peak VI of >10% during chemotherapy, the response rate was 94.1% (16/17). However, in patients with a peak VI of <10%, the response rate was 38.5% (5/13) (p = 0.001). This prediction was made mostly within one month (25.47 +/- 12.96 d for VI increments >5% and 25.44 +/- 12.41 d for VI increased to >10%). In the meantime, the differences in size reduction shown in B-mode sonography were insignificant between responders and nonresponders (patient group with VI increment >5%, p = 0.308; patient group with peak VI >10%, p = 0.396). In conclusion, we propose that VI as determined by using power Doppler sonography is a good and inexpensive clinical tool for monitoring vascularity changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ABC patients. Two parameters--VI increment >5% and peak VI >10%--are potential early predictors for good responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy within one month in patients with ABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Perini R, Choe R, Yodh AG, Sehgal C, Divgi CR, Rosen MA. Non-invasive assessment of tumor neovasculature: techniques and clinical applications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2008; 27:615-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-008-9147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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