1
|
Moragas LJ, Alves FDAV, Oliveira LDLS, Salomão NG, Azevedo CG, da Silva JFR, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Basílio-de-Oliveira R, Mohana-Borges R, de Carvalho JJ, Rosman FC, Paes MV, Rabelo K. Liver immunopathogenesis in fatal cases of dengue in children: detection of viral antigen, cytokine profile and inflammatory mediators. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215730. [PMID: 37457689 PMCID: PMC10348746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dengue virus (DENV), the etiologic agent of dengue fever illness, represents a global public health concern, mainly in tropical and subtropical areas across the globe. It is well known that this acute viral disease can progress to severe hemorrhagic stages in some individuals, however, the immunopathogenic basis of the development of more severe forms by these patients is yet to be fully understood. Objective In this context, we investigated and characterized the histopathological features as well as the cytokine profile and cell subpopulations present in liver tissues from three fatal cases of DENV in children. Methods Hematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Picro Sirius Red staining were utilized for the histopathological analysis. Immunohistochemistry assay was performed to characterize the inflammatory response and cell expression patterns. Results Vascular dysfunctions such as hemorrhage, vascular congestion and edema associated with a mononuclear infiltrate were observedin all three cases. Liver tissues exhibited increased presence of CD68+ and TCD8+ cells as well as high expression of MMP-9, TNF-a, RANTES, VEGFR-2 mediators. Viral replication was confirmed by the detection of NS3 protein. Conclusion Taken together, these results evidenced key factors that may be involved in the development of severe alterations in liver tissues of children in response to DENV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Junqueira Moragas
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Andrade Vieira Alves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Gedeão Salomão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio Gonçalves Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Colonna Rosman
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano Viana Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Immunopathology of Renal Tissue in Fatal Cases of Dengue in Children. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121543. [PMID: 36558877 PMCID: PMC9785549 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection represents a worldwide public health concern and can cause damage to multiple organs, including the kidney. In this work, we investigated the histopathological changes caused by dengue virus infection along with the detection of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and cell expression patterns in the renal tissue of three fatal cases in children. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was performed to analyze these histopathological changes. Immunohistochemistry allowed for the detection of immunological inflammatory markers in renal tissues that were quantified and further analyzed. Vascular congestion, edema and glomerular infiltrate were observed in the three cases, in addition to the thickening of the matrix area around the glomerular capillaries and mononuclear infiltrate associated with vascular congestion in the medullary region. The renal tissues exhibited collagen deposition and high expression of CD68+ Mø, CD8+ T, CD56+ cells and MMP-9, and the cytokine profile was mainly characterized by the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Additionally, the expression of RANTES, VEGFR-2 and VCAM-1 were observed. The replication of DENV was evidenced by the detection of the NS3 protein. These results contributed to clarifying the main factors that may be involved in changes in the renal tissue of fatal cases of dengue in children.
Collapse
|
3
|
Sivasubramanian S, Mohandas S, Gopalan V, Govindan K, Varadarajan P, Kaveri K, Ramkumar KM. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases as prognostic markers for severe dengue with plasma leakage. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 128:104821. [PMID: 35908616 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma leakage is a major pathogenic manifestation of severe dengue and is a precursor of life-threatening complications associated with dengue. Accumulating evidence indicates the role of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in mediating vascular permeability and plasma leakage following induction by the dengue virus. This study aims to investigate the utility of MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 in predicting the severity of dengue infection and further explore the relationship of these markers with the pathogenic factors associated with plasma leakage. METHODS The dengue-positive subjects were classified into mild and severe dengue groups based on the manifestation of warning signs. The samples in each group and healthy controls were quantified for basic laboratory characteristics. The levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were estimated in all serum samples using a multiplex bead-based assay. RESULTS MMP-2 and MMP-9 were markedly elevated in severe dengue patients compared to mild dengue patients and healthy controls. No alteration in the circulating levels of MMP-3 was observed between the study groups. ROC curve analysis indicated that MMP-2 and MMP-9 exhibited good potential for predicting severe dengue. Notably, an increase in MMP-9 was associated with increased MIF and Hematocrit levels in severe dengue patients. CONCLUSION MMP-2 and MMP-9 could serve as prognostic biomarkers for severe dengue. These findings also identify the association of MMP-9 with markers of plasma leakage, thereby encouraging further studies to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting MMP-9 in managing plasma leakage in severe dengue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sivasubramanian
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Gopalan
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Karthikeyan Govindan
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India
| | - Poovazhagi Varadarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai, India
| | - Krishnasamy Kaveri
- State Level Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Virology, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, Chennai 600 032, India.
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Niranjan R, Murugasamy V, Sunilkumar A, Manoj H, Ganesh K, Vidhyapriya P, Sankari T, Muthukumaravel S, Kumar A. Atorvastatin attenuates NS1 (Non-structural protein-1) of dengue type-2 serotype-induced expressions of matrix metalloproteinases in HL-60 cells, differentiated to neutrophils: Implications for the immunopathogenesis of dengue viral disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109082. [PMID: 36108401 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dengue is a vector borne viral infection in humans. Bite of mosquito infected with a dengue virus transmits the disease. The neutrophils support more to the innate immune response by switching to infected tissues and triggering immunomodulatory mechanisms including the release of proteases and host defence peptides. METHODS Cell viability by MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assay, bright field microscopy for assessment of cell morphology, cytokines measurements by ELISA, estimation of protein by Bradford assay were done. Assessments of matrix metalloproteinase genes mRNA expressions were done using real-time PCR. RESULTS In the present study, we have for the first time unveiled that, NS1 antigen of dengue type-2 serotype, induce and stimulate the neutrophils cells to express high levels of matrix metalloproteases. NS1 exposure of HL-60 cells differentiated to neutrophils affected cell morphology and in 24 h of exposure. We have demonstrated that, the NS1 antigen has induced MMP-2, MMP-14 and MMP-9 expressions in neutrophils in a 24hrs exposure time. NS1 exposure has also further upregulated MMP-1, MMP-13, and MMP-8 expressions in neutrophils in a 24hrs exposure time. Notably, treatment with atorvastatin concentrations downregulated the expression profile of the all matrix metalloprotease significantly. Importantly, NS1 antigen has significantly increased the IL-6, IL-13 release by the HL,60 cells which was reversed by atorvastatin. On the other hand, NS1 exposure enhanced the mRNA expressions of VEGF-A and VEGF-D which was reversed by atorvastatin. However, we found that, NS1 exposure reduced the mRNA expressions profile of VEGF-C, which was reversed by atorvastatin. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we report that, neutrophils associated matrix metalloprotease are involved in the pathogenesis of dengue viral disease. VEGF growth factors may also be released by the neutrophils which may subsequently participate in the endothelial dysfunctions leading to dengue shock syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rituraj Niranjan
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India.
| | - Vyshali Murugasamy
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Anupama Sunilkumar
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - H Manoj
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Khashpatika Ganesh
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - Pitchavel Vidhyapriya
- Immunology Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | - T Sankari
- Division of Omics, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry 605006, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coatsworth H, Caicedo PA, Winsor G, Brinkman F, Ocampo CB, Lowenberger C. Transcriptome comparison of dengue-susceptible and -resistant field derived strains of Colombian Aedes aegypti using RNA-sequencing. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2021; 116:e200547. [PMID: 34076041 PMCID: PMC8186470 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forty percent of the world’s population live in areas where they are at risk from dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue viruses are transmitted primarily by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. In Cali, Colombia, approximately 30% of field collected Ae. aegypti are naturally refractory to all four dengue serotypes. OBJECTIVES Use RNA-sequencing to identify those genes that determine refractoriness in feral mosquitoes to dengue. This information can be used in gene editing strategies to reduce dengue transmission. METHODS We employed a full factorial design, analyzing differential gene expression across time (24, 36 and 48 h post bloodmeal), feeding treatment (blood or blood + dengue-2) and strain (susceptible or refractory). Sequences were aligned to the reference Ae. aegypti genome for identification, assembled to visualize transcript structure, and analyzed for dynamic gene expression changes. A variety of clustering techniques was used to identify the differentially expressed genes. FINDINGS We identified a subset of genes that likely assist dengue entry and replication in susceptible mosquitoes and contribute to vector competence. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The differential expression of specific genes by refractory and susceptible mosquitoes could determine the phenotype, and may be used to in gene editing strategies to reduce dengue transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Coatsworth
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, C2D2 Research Group, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Paola A Caicedo
- Universidad Icesi, Natural Science Faculty, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, Department of Biology, Vector Biology and Control, Cali, Colombia
| | - Geoffrey Winsor
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Fiona Brinkman
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Clara B Ocampo
- Universidad Icesi, Natural Science Faculty, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, Department of Biology, Vector Biology and Control, Cali, Colombia
| | - Carl Lowenberger
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Biological Sciences, C2D2 Research Group, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niranjan R, Kishor S, Kumar A. Matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of dengue viral disease: Involvement of immune system and newer therapeutic strategies. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4629-4637. [PMID: 33634515 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the burden due to dengue infection is increasing with a recent estimate of 96 million progressing to the disease every year. Dengue pathogenesis and the factors influencing it are not completely known. It is now widely speculated that there is an important role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the initiation and progression of dengue pathogenesis; however, their exact roles are not fully understood. Overactivation of matrix metalloproteinases may contribute to the severity of dengue pathogenesis. Cytokines and various other mediators of inflammation interact with the vascular endothelium and matrix metalloproteinases may be one of the components among them. Extensive plasma leakage into tissue spaces may result in a shock. It is evident in the literature that MMP2 and MMP9 increase in dengue patients is correlated with the severity of the disease; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Activation of innate cells and adaptive immune cells which include, B and T cells, macrophages or monocytes and dendritic cells also contribute to the dengue pathology. Newer therapeutic strategies include microRNAs, such as miR-134 (targets MMP3 and MMP1) and MicroRNA-320d, (targets MMP/TIMP proteolytic system). The use of antibodies-based therapeutics like (Andecaliximab; anti-matrix metalloproteinase-9 antibody) is also suggested against MMPs in dengue. In this review, we summarize some recent developments associated with the involvement of immune cells and their mediators associated with the matrix metalloproteinases mediated dengue pathogenesis. We highlight that, there is still very little knowledge about the MMPs in dengue pathogenesis which needs attention and extensive investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rituraj Niranjan
- Immunology Laboratory, ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Puducherry, India
| | - Sumitha Kishor
- Immunology Laboratory, ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Puducherry, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Immunology Laboratory, ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Puducherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Niranjan R, Sumitha M, Sankari T, Muthukumaravel S, Jambulingam P. Nonstructural protein-1 (NS1) of dengue virus type-2 differentially stimulate expressions of matrix metalloproteinases in monocytes: protective effect of paracetamol. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:270-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
8
|
Duran A, Valero N, Mosquera J, Delgado L, Alvarez-Mon M, Torres M. Role of the myeloid differentiation primary response (MYD88) and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) pathways in dengue. Life Sci 2016; 162:33-40. [PMID: 27575706 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dengue disease courses with high viremia titers and high cytokine production suggesting viral replication and active immune response that could be related to viral evasion. One of the main targets of dengue virus (DENV) is monocyte/macrophage cells; however, little information regarding viral evasive mechanisms and pathway activation in monocytes infected by DENV is available. The aim of this study was to determine the role of myeloid differentiation primary response (MyD88), TIR-domain-containing adapter- inducing interferon-β (TRIF) and NF-kB pathways in viral replication and cytokine production in human monocyte cultures infected by DENV2. MAIN METHODS In this regard Pepinh- TRIF, Pepinh- MYD and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) were used to inhibit TRIF, MYD88 and NF-kB pathways. Cytokine production was measured by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Increased DENV replication and IFNα/β, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-18 in infected cultures at 24h were found. All of these parameters were significantly decreased after TRIF, MYD88 or NF-kB inhibition. Association analysis between viral replication and cytokine production showed high significant positive correlation in TRIF and MYD88 treated cultures. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that DENV2 induces activation of innate-immune response and transcription factors to drive viral expression and replication in the face of pro-inflammatory antiviral responses in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyelo Duran
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela; Cátedra de Bioquímica General, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela; Sociedad Venezolana de Microbiología
| | - Nereida Valero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela; Sociedad Venezolana de Microbiología.
| | - Jesus Mosquera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Lineth Delgado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Servicio de Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune y Oncología, Hospital Universitario "Príncipe de Asturias", Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|