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Sendai Virus-Vectored Vaccines That Express Envelope Glycoproteins of Respiratory Viruses. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061023. [PMID: 34072332 PMCID: PMC8230104 DOI: 10.3390/v13061023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are leading causes of respiratory disease in young children, the elderly, and individuals of all ages with immunosuppression. Vaccination strategies against these pneumoviruses and paramyxoviruses are vast in number, yet no licensed vaccines are available. Here, we review development of Sendai virus (SeV), a versatile pediatric vaccine that can (a) serve as a Jennerian vaccine against HPIV1, (b) serve as a recombinant vaccine against HRSV, HPIV2, HPIV3, and HMPV, (c) accommodate foreign genes for viral glycoproteins in multiple intergenic positions, (d) induce durable, mucosal, B-cell, and T-cell immune responses without enhanced immunopathology, (e) protect cotton rats, African green monkeys, and chimpanzees from infection, and (f) be formulated into a vaccine cocktail. Clinical phase I safety trials of SeV have been completed in adults and 3–6-year-old children. Clinical testing of SeVRSV, an HRSV fusion (F) glycoprotein gene recombinant, has also been completed in adults. Positive results from these studies, and collaborative efforts with the National Institutes of Health and the Serum Institute of India assist advanced development of SeV-based vaccines. Prospects are now good for vaccine successes in infants and consequent protection against serious viral disease.
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Yang R, Peng J, Zhai J, Xiao K, Zhang X, Li X, Chen X, Chen ZJ, Holmes EC, Irwin DM, Shan F, Shen X, Chen W, Shen Y. Pathogenicity and transmissibility of a novel respirovirus isolated from a Malayan pangolin. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33843572 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of SARS-CoV-2-like viruses in Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica) has focused attention on these endangered animals and the viruses they carry. We successfully isolated a novel respirovirus from the lungs of a dead Malayan pangolin. Similar to murine respirovirus, the full-length genome of this novel virus was 15 384 nucleotides comprising six genes in the order 3'-(leader)-NP-P-M-F-HN-l-(trailer)-5'. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus and is most closely related to murine respirovirus. Notably, animal infection experiments indicated that the pangolin virus is highly pathogenic and transmissible in mice, with inoculated mice having variable clinical symptoms and a fatality rate of 70.37 %. The virus was found to replicate in most tissues with the exception of muscle and heart. Contact transmission of the virus was 100 % efficient, although the mice in the contact group displayed milder symptoms, with the virus mainly being detected in the trachea and lungs. The isolation of a novel respirovirus from the Malayan pangolin provides new insight into the evolution and distribution of this important group of viruses and again demonstrates the potential infectious disease threats faced by endangered pangolins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.,Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jinyu Peng
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Junqiong Zhai
- Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Kangpeng Xiao
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zu-Jin Chen
- Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David M Irwin
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Fen Shan
- Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Xuejuan Shen
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Wu Chen
- Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Yongyi Shen
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
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Viral Metagenomics Revealed Sendai Virus and Coronavirus Infection of Malayan Pangolins ( Manis javanica). Viruses 2019; 11:v11110979. [PMID: 31652964 PMCID: PMC6893680 DOI: 10.3390/v11110979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pangolins are endangered animals in urgent need of protection. Identifying and cataloguing the viruses carried by pangolins is a logical approach to evaluate the range of potential pathogens and help with conservation. This study provides insight into viral communities of Malayan Pangolins (Manis javanica) as well as the molecular epidemiology of dominant pathogenic viruses between Malayan Pangolin and other hosts. A total of 62,508 de novo assembled contigs were constructed, and a BLAST search revealed 3600 ones (≥300 nt) were related to viral sequences, of which 68 contigs had a high level of sequence similarity to known viruses, while dominant viruses were the Sendai virus and Coronavirus. This is the first report on the viral diversity of pangolins, expanding our understanding of the virome in endangered species, and providing insight into the overall diversity of viruses that may be capable of directly or indirectly crossing over into other mammals.
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Abstract
Sendai virus is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, and an enveloped virus with a negative-stranded RNA genome. Sendai virus is not pathogenic to humans, but for mice and can cause pneumonia in mice. Easy and efficient techniques for propagating Sendai virus are required for studying virus replication, virus-induced innate- and adaptive-immunity, Sendai-virus-based virotherapy and IgA nephropathy. Here, we describe a protocol for Sendai virus propagation using chicken eggs. This traditional protocol enables us to generate a large amount of virus enough for animal experiments as well as cell culture experiments in a relatively inexpensive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narihito Tatsumoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Michifumi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
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Russell CJ, Hurwitz JL. Sendai virus as a backbone for vaccines against RSV and other human paramyxoviruses. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 15:189-200. [PMID: 26648515 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2016.1114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human paramyxoviruses are the etiological agents for life-threatening respiratory virus infections of infants and young children. These viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the human parainfluenza viruses (hPIV1-4) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV), are responsible for millions of serious lower respiratory tract infections each year worldwide. There are currently no standard treatments and no licensed vaccines for any of these pathogens. Here we review research with which Sendai virus, a mouse parainfluenza virus type 1, is being advanced as a Jennerian vaccine for hPIV1 and as a backbone for RSV, hMPV and other hPIV vaccines for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Russell
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis , TN , USA.,b Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Julia L Hurwitz
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis , TN , USA.,b Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
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Faísca P, Desmecht D. Sendai virus, the mouse parainfluenza type 1: a longstanding pathogen that remains up-to-date. Res Vet Sci 2006; 82:115-25. [PMID: 16759680 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biologically speaking, Sendai virus (SeV), the murine parainfluenza virus type 1, is perceived as a common respiratory pathogen that is endemic in many rodent colonies throughout the world. Currently it is believed that SeV is the leading cause of pneumonia in mice and together with the mouse hepatitis viruses, is the most prevalent and important of the naturally occurring infections of mice. The scientific community also considers SeV as the archetype organism of the Paramyxoviridae family because most of the basic biochemical, molecular and biologic properties of the whole family were derived from its own characteristics. Recently, scientific interest for this old pathogen has re-emerged, this time because of its potential value as a vector for gene transfer. This review aimed at drawing an exhaustive picture of this multifaceted pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Faísca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman Faculty of Veterinary Medicine B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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Takimoto K, Nakayama K, Yabe M, Ami Y, Yamada YK, Tamura S, Suzuki Y, Asano T, Saito M. Contamination of mouse-adapted influenza virus with Sendai virus. Exp Anim 1998; 47:137-40. [PMID: 9606426 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.47.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In our laboratory animal facility, Sendai virus (HVJ) contamination occurred in a negative flow rack used for experimental infection with 4 strains of mouse-adapted influenza virus (Inf.V). Anti-HVJ antibody (Ab) was detected in 35/42 mice in the rack. To specify the strain of Inf.V contaminated with HVJ, experimental infection was performed by using A, B and D strains of Inf.V in each vinyl isolator. Anti-HVJ Ab was detected in all mice infected with A strain at day 28 post-infection. As a result of experimental infection with A strain of Inf.V which was treated with anti-HVJ mouse serum, the virus suspension was determined not to contain HVJ and allowed for experimental use in our facility, Since then, HVJ contamination has not occurred in our facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takimoto
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamaguchi R, Iwai H, Ueda K. Antigenic variation among Sendai virus strains detected by monoclonal antibodies. Microbiol Immunol 1989; 33:133-9. [PMID: 2541319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1989.tb01506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen strains of Sendai virus isolated from various sources in the 1950's and after 1976 were compared for their reactivities with monoclonal antibodies prepared against the prototype strain MN of Sendai virus. Results revealed that while the 5 strains isolated in the 1950's reacted with all the monoclonal antibodies as the prototype strain did, the 2 strains isolated in 1976 and 1978 did not react with an F-specific monoclonal antibody, and the other 6 strains isolated after 1978 lacked reactivity with an HN-specific monoclonal antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yamaguchi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Tokyo
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Abstract
Morphology of vitrified Sendai virions was studied by transmission type electron microscopy. Almost all the virions appeared to be completely spherical, although their diameters differed. A possibly continuously long nucleocapsid was seen running helically in an envelope. Spikes were seen on the virion surfaces. The results indicate pleomorphism of Sendai virions in size but not in shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hosaka
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
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11
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Abstract
The virulence of five Sendai virus strains (MN, Z, KN, Mol, and Hm) isolated from laboratory rodents was compared, using 3-week-old female Jcl-ICR mice. The virulence of the strains was Mol, MN, KN, Z, and Hm in decreasing order. The 50% lethal dose and 50% lung consolidation inducing dose of the highest virulent strain differed by the order of more than 10(3) and 10(6), respectively, from those of the lowest virulent one. Other properties such as the growth rate in LLC-MK2 cells, neuraminidase activities, and molecular weights of structural proteins also differed among the virus strains. These results indicate that Sendai virus prevailing in laboratory rodents is not homogenous with respect to virulence and some other properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yamaguchi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Tokyo
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12
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Hosaka Y. Sendai virion structure and its interaction with cellular membranes. ELECTRON MICROSCOPY REVIEWS 1988; 1:17-38. [PMID: 2856489 DOI: 10.1016/s0892-0354(98)90004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hosaka
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
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Lussier G. Potential detrimental effects of rodent viral infections on long-term experiments. Vet Res Commun 1988; 12:199-217. [PMID: 2847406 PMCID: PMC7089164 DOI: 10.1007/bf00362802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/1987] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Healthy animals are of paramount importance in obtaining meaningful, reliable scientific results. Viral infections of rodents often have a significant impact on various types of biomedical research. Laboratory animal specialists and researchers must be aware of the possible consequences associated with the use of infected animals. The objective of the paper is a discussion of the frequently encountered viral infections that can complicate or invalidate the interpretation of results by altering the host's response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lussier
- Virology Research Center, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
This chapter discusses known or potential zoonotic agents and the disease manifestations produced in man by exposure to infected mice. It also discusses other health hazards that may be encountered when working with mice, such as bites and allergies. Selected transmission of human infectious agents to mice is also briefly described in the chapter. Of the many latent viruses present in the mouse, only the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM) naturally infects man. A review of the literature attests to the ease with which the LCM can be transmitted from animals to man. Although its expression can vary greatly, the LCM virus infection appears most frequently as a mild influenza-like syndrome, with or without apparent involvement of the central nervous system. In one epidemic of the non-meningitic LCM virus infection caused by exposure to infected hamsters, an influenza-like illness was described with typical symptoms of retro-orbital headache, severe myalgia, malaise, anorexia, and aching pain in the chest. A variety of rodent hosts are included in the transmission cycle of the rickettsial disease in nature. The house mouse is the natural host of Rickettsia akari, which is the causative agent of rickettsialpox and a member of the spotted fever group of rickettsiae. Another rickettsial disease—murine typhus or endemic typhus—is transmitted to man by rat fleas; rats and mice are its natural reservoirs. Rickettsia mooseri—the causative agent—has not been isolated from natural infections in laboratory mice. Clinical signs, diagnosis, and control in man are similar to those described for rickettsialpox.
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Ward JM, Houchens DP, Collins MJ, Young DM, Reagan RL. Naturally-occurring Sendai virus infection of athymic nude mice. Vet Pathol 1976; 13:36-46. [PMID: 180649 DOI: 10.1177/030098587601300105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nude (nu/nu) mice, Balb/c-derived, responded to a naturally-occurring Sendai virus infection in a different manner than conventional mice. They developed a chronic debilitating disease and a persistent viral infection of the respiratory tract with intranuclear inclusion bodies in tracheal, bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells, laryngeal and tracheal glandular epithelium and in type I and II alveolar cells. The infection was identified by serologic and tissue culture studies, the mouse antibody production test and ultrastructural examination of pulmonary lesions. Phlebitis of pulmonary veins, suppurative rhinitis and otitis media accompanied the viral infection while some mice developed a secondary bronchopneumonia.
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Waters DJ, Koprowski H, Lewandowski LJ. The potential role of phagocytically active cells in establishing chronic parainfluenza 1 virus infections in human brain. J Neurol Sci 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(75)90268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Waters DJ, Koprowski H, Lewandowski LJ. Parainfluenza 1 virus and multiple sclerosis: the conversion of 6/94 virus released from human brain cells and other mammalian cells into and infectious form by passage in macrophages. Med Microbiol Immunol 1974; 160:235-46. [PMID: 4374649 DOI: 10.1007/bf02121736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Shibuta H, Akami M, Matumoto M. Plaque formation by sendai virus of parainfluenza virus group, type 1 on monkey, calf kidney and chick embryo cell monolayers. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 1971; 15:175-83. [PMID: 4325227 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1971.tb00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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van Nunen MC, van der Veen J. Experimental infection with Sendai virus in mice. ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE VIRUSFORSCHUNG 1967; 22:388-97. [PMID: 4300620 DOI: 10.1007/bf01242959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Schmidt J, Tauchnitz C, Kühn O. Untersuchungen über das Vorkommen hämagglutinationshemmender Antikörper gegen Parainfluenzaviren in der Bevölkerung. Med Microbiol Immunol 1964. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02162311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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MATSUMOTO T, MAENO K. A host-induced modification of hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ, Sendai virus) in its hemolytic and cytopathic activity. Virology 1962; 17:563-70. [PMID: 14471297 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(62)90156-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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GARDNER PS. Serological evidence of infection with Sendai virus in England. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1957; 1:1143-5. [PMID: 13426562 PMCID: PMC1973495 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5028.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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NISHIKAWA F, FUKUMI H. Shape and size of hemagglutinating virus of mice (HVM). JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE & BIOLOGY 1954; 7:513-22. [PMID: 14366844 DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.7.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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